The drawings hosted in the article of solid fuel boilers of long burning with their own hands will help to figure out the principle of operation of this power generating unit.

Any reader who has Malomal locksmith skills will be able to make it relatively simple, but a very useful and home-beneficial device.

Appointment, layout and principle of work

For a general understanding, a solid fuel boiler for long burning (TKDG) can be represented as large furnaces with a limited burning area.

In it, the combustion process is regulated by supplying oxygen.

A simple, but ingenious, the principle of operation is based on the thermal splitting of fuel cells with long separation of thermal energy.

Interesting information: The TKDG is owned by the Tank Engineer Edmuntas Schtropaytis, who in 2000 patented a completely new principle of burning in boilers on solid fuel - from top to bottom with the regulation of oxygen supply.

The most important advantage in the principle of its work is that one fuel laying is enough for a long period of burning time from 10 hours and more.

Typical scheme and principle of its work

The combustion processes occurring in TKDH are similar to pyrolysis aggregates, where heat is not formed in the process of coal combustion or firewood, but from the gasification of solid fuel material.

The isolated gas moves into the burner nozzle, where it is mixed with oxygen.

The oxygen supply is controlled by air damper in such a way that the fuel is not burning, and tolere, highlighting heat. The temperature in the burner is 1200 degrees.

Constructive features

The functioning of this unit is also based on slow combustion of solid combustible materials. At the same time, they burn completely and practically without waste.

This energy unit is designed in such a way that in the furnace where the fuel is placed, oxygen is dosed, adjusting the process of slow burning (dence). The burning occurs from top to bottom, and not the opposite, as in traditional furnaces.

Good to know: Benefit of this type of boiler: Any combustible material available in the household can be used as a fuel: old clothes, blankets, peat, construction trash, foliage.

Slow burning speed allows boiler loading to produce once a few days. TKDG differ from each other location of the combustion firebox.

Top zone.In this case, solid fuel as combustion is moving inside the chamber.

Tip: If you have conceived to make a boiler with such a principle of burning, then for the walls it is necessary to use a metal sheet with a thickness of at least 3 mm, since the propagation of high temperatures occurs from the bottom up to the entire height.

Lower zone. In this case, as a result of burning between walls and fuel, free space for gas formation occurs. Since the occurrence and exposure to high temperatures occurs at one point, it is necessary to choose a thicker metal for the manufacture of the boiler.

Advantages of boilers:

Disadvantages:

• The inability to regulate the temperature regime;
• Low efficiency;
• Labor productivity of the process of preparation and fuel loading;
• To maintain high efficiency, it is necessary to regularly clean the boiler;
• Thoughtful commissioning work.

We make your own hands

Alternatively, you can use below the suggested drawing of the future boiler. It gives a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe design of the unit. It can be improved and adapted directly to the boiler room of your home.

1. The controller of the thermal complex
2. Door for fuel loading
3. Ash Collection Container (Asolnik)
4. Migistral to remove smoke
5. The thermal stitch sensor adapter
6. Emergency pipe
7. Input highway thermal contour
8. Cold water supply point
9. K. Hot water outlet
10. L. Inlet reverse contour
11. Empty nozzle

Necessary materials and equipment

Technics:

• Welding machine with electrodes;
• Grinding and cutting machine (Bulgarian);
• Grinding and cutting discs with a diameter of 230 and 125 mm.

Material:

• Pipe - diameter 500 mm, length 1300 mm, wall thickness of at least 3 mm;
• Pipe - diameter 450 mm, length 1500 mm, Thickness 3 mm;
• Pipe - diameter 60 mm, length 1200 mm;
• Steel sheet with a thickness of 3 mm;
• Metal rings - diameter 500 mm, width 25 mm;
• Metal accessories - valves, loops;
• Cloth asbestos;
• Sealing asbestos cord.

Step-by-step instruction

The process of manufacturing the boiler does not represent much difficulties, it suffices to follow the proposed recommendations.

We proceed to the manufacture of the housing:

1. Two pipes (500 and 400 mm) embedded in one to another, with the help of the ring are welded with each other;
2. Round diameter of 450 mm brewing bottom of a small pipe. The result was a "barrel" with a diameter of 450 mm with a welded water jacket;
3. At the base of the barrel we make a rectangular hole with a size of 150 per 100 mm. It will be a door for a ash bar. We weld the loops and install the doors, and do not forget to rip the ash collection container.

1. For feeding (loading) of fuel at the top of the design, cut a rectangular hole. Size choose arbitrary. The main condition: convenience when booking firewood. To reduce the heat loss, the furnace door make a double, consisting of two metal sheets with an attachment inward asbestos. The place of fitting the doors is also placed by heat-insulating material.
2. In the upper part of the design we screw the outlet. It will take the exhaust gases into the chimney.
3. Ringing nozzles, downstairs and at the top of the water circuit, we have the point of connecting the boiler to the home heating system.

Take note: Pay attention to the quality and tightness of the seams. Elimination of the marriage will be difficult or impossible without dismantling the equipment.

Production and installation of the air distributor:

1. From the sheet metal, cut the circle, in diameter somewhat less internal size of the boiler. In the center, drill a hole corresponding to the diameter of the smallest harvested tube (60 mm). It will be an air distributor.
2. Pipe is inserted into the hole;
3. The plates imitating the turbine are welded to the inner disc plane.

Another variant of the air distributor

1. For the convenience of working with the distributor, a convenient loop is welding on its body from above. At the same time, the flap is made, which will adjust the air supply to the furnace.
2. For mounting the air distributor to the boiler, another circle is cut with a diameter of an external contour. It also flies a hole suitable for the size for a small pipe. The lower disk is inserted into the inner circle, and the upper (larger in diameter), after it is to make it through the pipe, is superimposed on the outer ring. At the end, the circle is welded to the boiler and is used as the top cover.

Here the easiest way to manufacture a solid fuel boiler is considered. The craftsmen complicate and upgrade the design, using the automation system and forced air injection.

The most popular models and their cost

Karakan 10 TPE

Karakan 10 TPE

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 16.8 thousand rubles.

Bastion M-KST-12 P

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 33 thousand rubles.

Bourgeoi-to standard-10

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 36.8 thousand rubles.

Rival KT12.

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 39 thousand rubles.

Lavoro Eco L12.

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 45.9 thousand rubles.

Traian T10.

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 47 thousand rubles.

Snidden Bear 15.

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Snidden Bear 15.

Price: 75 thousand rubles.

"Burzhuy-K" Exclusive-12

Country of manufacture: Russia.

Price: 104.6 thousand rubles.

Reviews:

Victor Arsentev, Timoshvsk, Kuban 03/22/2017 year.If you buy boilers without special excesses, then their value is the same. I was advised by the "bourgeois" for 100 thousand - tempting, but the price bite. To know how much it will pay off and how much I will win. And so, probably, I'll think about it.

Nikolay Sazonov, Vyatskiy Polyany, 03/20/2017 year.One agrees that these boilers save a penny. Other worried - carbon monoxide. Something I have not seen the system of forced removal it.

Burzhuy-K exclusive-12

How much I remember he is heavier than air. How to remove it from the basement? Or build a ventilation system or a separate boiler room. And what will it come out?

Anatoly Zviglo, hot key, Krasnodar region, 03/24/2017: I installed Troyan's house at home, I don't know. Savings from all sides. Waiting for objections, they say, the forest is under the side. I will not lie - the firewood "nonsense". I agreed with the foresters for sanitary cleaning, bringing drying. So he is also grateful. Well, here who can. And what is up to the area without resources, it is necessary to scratch and count the poppy.

Independent manufacture of TKD, in which surprisingly brilliant, in their simplicity is implemented, the invention is not an illusion - reality. Step-by-step instructions will help you in this matter. This simple aggregate will save you a significant part of the seed budget.

Keep in mind: The heating boiler, independence from its design - this device is potentially dangerous. Do not forget not only about the fire, but also in general, the safety at all stages of manufacturing and operating the boiler.

The correct installation of the boiler, guarantees not only its safety, but also an additional opportunity for heating other (economic) premises of the house.

How to make a solid-fuel boiler with your own hands with a lowest cost, see the following video:

For water heating of a private house, many structures of heating devices have been developed. Mine boilers are allocated with its efficiency and unassumability. Their cost is quite high, so many craftsmen repeat the factory models at home or manufactures on their own project.

Mine boiler - Design and principle of operation

Mine is different from other burning duration and device features. It is often not necessary to throw up fuel, it has a large-volume fuel chamber, the burning slow. Two types of mine boilers have been developed: with ordinary burning and pyrolysis. Each has a similar device from two cameras: in one fuel is burned, the heat exchanger is arranged.

Mine boiler with ordinary combustion easier on the device. Half of all the volume takes the furnace with a height of almost the entire unit, but small width and depth. Side or from above is a hatch for fuel loading. The furnace compartment at the top of the inside reminds the mine, hence such a name. Under the heat chamber there is a roller, separated from her with a grain. Through the coil door, there is no access not only to it, but also to the furnace. Sewberry located under the door is regulated by air intake.

The second important part is a camera with a heat exchanger filled with water or, if the boiler is not used for, winter-tube. Gases come into it from the fuel cell through the hole and go through the chimney, along the way heating the heat exchanger. From it, water pipes enters the system or hot air warms the room.

The mine-type pyrolysis boiler has a similar design, but is manufactured with some additional elements:

1. 1. Cameras in which carbon monoxide burns and burns. Located below the heat exchange space, the walls are covered with chamoten brick.
2. 2. Several pipes with lots of small holes. The air for the combustion chambers and cargo is supplied.
3. 3. At the top of the wall there are valves for separating two cameras.

The principle of the pyrolysis boiler is somewhat different. When furnace is limited to air intake, slow burning causes the formation of a large number of gases that come into additional cameras and burn. In boilers burn any solid fuel: coal, firewood, pellets. The coal laying is enough for five days, firewood is no more than thirty hours. Due to the complete combustion, such boilers have a high efficiency - up to 90%.

Long burning device - classic scheme

The proposed design has a power of 22 kW, an efficiency of 75%. Works on firewood 10 hours without a fitting, on the coal - day. The furnace has a volume of 83 liters to the lower edge of the boot hole. The boiler is equipped with automatics of Polish production: control unit with a thermal sensor KG Elektronik SP-05 and a DP-02 fan. The general view is shown in the drawing.

The device works as follows:

1. 1. Firewood is loaded into the fifthly and ignite. Doors closed hermetically.
2. 2. The required heating temperature is displayed on the control unit, at least 50 °. A block button is pressed and the fan begins to pump air.
3. 3. When the temperature is reached, the air supply is stopped by a fan. Firewood is slowly smoldering, heat is given very little.
4. 4. After some time the temperature drops. The fan again turns on and burning continues.

The electronic unit regulates the combustion process, which occurs at maximum efficiency. There is practically absent, intensive combustion and expectations are applied.

The following figure shows the view from the inside.

Solid fuel is burned according to the classic scheme: heat is directly transmitted on the walls of the water shirt and the tank arch. It is mounted in it heat exchanger, taking heat from gases. In the furnace of the car, the air duct on the bottom is fed heated air. The fuel loaded in large quantities provides for a long time of the boiler. In anticipation, when the fan is turned off, the air is completely overlapped by the gravitational flap, which is triggered from the automation, the natural traction overlaps.

The drawing demonstrates the back of the heat-tube heat exchanger.

Production of the heating device - assembly sequence

When assembling with your own hands, we use drawings, stick to the specified sizes. The sequence is as follows:

1. 1. Cut from a 4 mm metal case: bottom, side walls, lid, doorways. Everything sticks out to the bottom, which is produced to the sides, as in the drawing. Inside welding fix the corner, which will serve as a shelf for a grain.
2. 2. The joints thoroughly welcome and proceed to a water shirt from a metal of 3 mm. It retreats from the walls of the body of 20 mm and to install it, weld steel stripes on the body. They weld the trim.
3. 3. Installing heat pipes on top of the boiler. We cut holes in the back and front walls, insert several pipes, brewed on the ends.
4. 4. Cut the doors, weld from the inside two stripes, between them put asbestos for the seal. Copyright with a size of 360 × 460 mm Cut from the corners and weld to the shelves an outer angle.
5. 5. In the tank walls, we cut fittings for the feed and return pipelines, the nozzle of the smoke channel. We screw the air duct from the profile pipe 40 × 60 mm. A fan will be attached to it through the flange. Air entrance We carry out through the rear wall.
6. 6. We weld the door hinges and bookmarks for fastening the decorative frame. The pot of the boiler wrap the basalt insulation, fix the cord. Krepim skeleton scams to bookmarks, install doors.

On the air duct we install the fan, the electronic block on top of the boiler, and the sensor hides under the insulation.

Mine pyrolysis boiler - device features

Boilers with additional chambers for the complete combustion of gases formed in the process of firebox, more efficiently classic long-burning boilers. Gases are highlighted at high temperature and, thanks to a special boiler device, completely burned, giving additional heat. Firewood is used only very dry, the system does not work on wet fuel. The use of wood pellets allows you to automate their feed.

Getting Started to make a heating boiler, you should carefully examine the scheme, understand the work, familiarize yourself with the working drawings. In any design, you can make some changes that do not concern the fundamental device. Changes are associated, as a rule, with external dimensions, connections and are caused by specific conditions. We offer the drawings of the pyrolysis boiler with a capacity of 40 kW, which can be taken as the basis for self-making.

The scheme indicates: a - controller; B - boot door; C is a ash tick; D - smoke; E - the location of the sensor; F - nozzle for installing the safety valve; G - hot water pipe; H - a protective heat exchanger - cold water; K - heat exchanger - hot water; L - reverse order; M is an expander.

To make the boiler, you will need:

• sheet metal 4 mm thick;
• test-walled pipe with a diameter of 32 mm, 57 mm, 159 mm;
• profile pipe 30 × 60 mm and 40 × 80 mm;
• electronic control unit, fan.

The number of materials are calculated based on the specific dimensions of the product. For greater clarity, consider the type of the housing of the pyrolysis boiler from the inside.

At the first trial launch, we define the efficiency of the design, it is easiest that it is done on the smoke: if the smell of carbon monoxide is not felt, the efficiency is high. Instead of a water loop, a boiler with air heating is sometimes used. Such a system is beneficial for cottages, where the owners are hitting, and the water in the heating system threatens defrosting. Hot air is supplied by pipes, and comes from the gender from the floor. Install a mine boiler on a solid concrete foundation.

The option made of brick and metal - cheaper and easier

It will make it easier and reduce the creation of a mine boiler with a lower border. Application of bricks. Metal make only a vertical type heat exchanger. It can be made

• from sheet material;
• from metal sheets with inserting pipes;
• only from pipes.

The greatest effectiveness of the pure pipe heat exchanger, but it is the most difficult in manufacture. The appearance is shown in the figure, the sizes are selected by the manufacturer.

On a robust concrete foundation, we put a confusion chamber, install a grate. We put the heat exchanger, make the laying of walls from high-quality bricks around it. When laying, we install two doors. The lower door is set so that you can set fire to fuel and clean the furnace and pondered from ash. You can install two separate doors instead of one large. The top door serves to load firewood, coal, it can be placed on the front of the boiler, and you can from above in the form of a hatch.

The figure below shows a general view of a mine boiler with brick walls.

Several comments on the masonry of the brick walls of the boiler and installation. Such will be the thickness of the cladding in the Polkirpich. The heat exchanger is exhibiting that the hot water outlet is at the highest point. This will prevent the creation of air traffic jams, improve water circulation. The laying is carried out with the dressing of the seams, rises by 2-3 cm above the exchanger. The smoke pipe is laying out of the brick or install from metal.

A long burning boiler is an improved type of solid fuel boilers. Such models are produced for a wide range of consumers, and used in order to heating the premises of various purposes.

Their basis is the principle of economical and long incineration of any solid fuel type: coal, firewood, wood briquettes.

In the case of coal, one bookmark will be enough to ensure that the device can function for five days. But devices running on firewood are visible to coal, because the largest burnt duration is about thirty hours.

Solid fuel boilers have long burning several major advantages:

1. Sufficiently highly efficient combustion of the fuel used, and the efficiency is approximately 90%;
2. Fuel laying furnace has large dimensions;
3. The environment is thrown into a small amount of carbon dioxide;
4. In the preferred number of models, electronic automation is arranged;
5. There is a fan of air supply;
6. Fuel is consumed in economy quantities.

Data boilers represent an alternative to heating with gas. The heating boiler of long burning or TT boiler is considered practical and is characterized by ease of use.

In addition, it is characterized by relatively long service life. In addition, this is the best models in terms of indicators such as environmental friendliness and the amount of fuel consumed.

Today on manufacturers represent three varieties:

• classical;
• mine.

Pyrolysis

Solid fuel pyrolysis boilers Super aluminum burning work on the principle of brazing of wood gaswhich is distinguished by the decline of firewood. Their distinctive characteristic is a flame resembling a flame either a soldering lamp, or a gas burner. In the process of burning The temperature inside the bottom chamber is about 12,000 s.

Thanks to the combustion occurs in the direction from top to bottom, and the main heat exchanger is arranged at the bottom, the most effective heat transfer is carried out, as well as the heating of the heat carrier itself.

The main advantage thing is on one load, the device works until the fuel is completely burndown. The device functions on the principle of pyrolysis combustion, in which an insufficient amount of oxygen and a high temperature leads to the decomposition of the tree for a volatile substance that causes combustion.

The advantages of pyrolysis type include:

1. High efficiency of about 85%
2. The loading hatch of large sizes, which makes it possible to easily clean the combustion chamber
3. For the manufacture of heat exchanger uses a thick sheet of high-quality steel
4. Powerful fan
5. The electronic system is controlled by the circulation pump
6. Can be used for industrial premises

Classic heating

Models of classic solid fuel boilers have a furnace with a larger volume, Therefore, the length of the combustion is also increased. They work on:

• long flame or brown coal;
• briquettes of wood;
• firewood.

Such boilers differ relatively small efficiency And a fairly short period of work on one fuel laying. The advantage of the devices of this species can be called a fairly low price - from 30000 rubles.

Shaft

Long burning boilers designed for burning a variety of bulk materials. The fan that feeds the air flow into the furnace is controlled by a microprocessor that automates and optimizes the combustion process. They are they are distinguished by huge sizes and very complex design.

There are several advantages:

• Has a unique design;
• There is a loading door with a fairly large cross section and a huge bunker;
• Any material can be used as the main fuel;
• The emissions temperature does not exceed the norm.

Principle of operation

Principle of operation of solid fuel boilers of long-burning it is the burning of a particular type of fuel by the method of the upper or upper-lower combustion. In the origin of this process there is an increase in the duration of fuel burningas well as the number of heat calorie allocated.

The main distinguishing feature is considered to use cameras with large parameters in which fuel is laid. Moreover, the upper burning ensures the achievement of good results when burning just one bookmark.

Diagram of the internal device and drawings

In a solid fuel boiler there is no special grate with a ashtar, and the pallet is located at the bottom. In this way, it is impossible to combine fuel at the bottom of the furnace. The latter is constructed in the form of a cylinder.

The air flow is supplied from above, after which the air distributor shares it throughout the volume. The distributor is movable - lowers and rises.

The upper part of the furnace is intended for accumulation of combustion products. and ash particles. From the primary combustion zone, they are separated by a huge metallic disk. When entering the chamber there is an automatic thrust regulator, which is a device for determining the temperature of the coolant, according to which the rate of gas expiration is adjusted. The entire body is used as a heat exchanger.

In addition, there are places in the design to connect the supplied water, reverse water, thermometer, the thrust controller. Reliability is ensured by thermal insulation shell.

Drawings of the pyrolysis boiler for long burning with water contour:

Instructions for the manufacture of pyrolysis boiler

In the event that there is no money for the purchase of a pyrolysis boiler, you can try to independently make a similar boiler for solid fuel. First you need to study the drawings of this equipment. After all the calculations are made, and the combustion type is set, you should proceed to work.

You should collect everything necessary equipment and materials:

1. Several stainless steel sheets;
2. Pipe with a diameter of about 4 cm;
3. Welding equipment;
4. Armature 2 cm thick;
5. A fan that will serve the air flow into the chamber;
6. Several bricks;
7. Automatic system.

According to the drawings, separately created:

• housing;
• air distributor;
• chimney;
• door and cover for the top of the housing.

First you should cut the pipe, The length of which will be near the meter. Yet from one metal sheet is done bottomand then welded to the pipe. At the same time, it is possible to breed and legs made from the schwell.

Special attention should be paid to the air distributor. For this, a circle with a diameter of less than 20 mm is cut from the sheet metal from the diameter of the main pipe, and the hole is drilled in the middle of it. lower part Distributor combustion it is necessary to welcome the impellerHaving a metal blade. Their width should not exceed five centimeters.

It is attached to its top of the pipe with a diameter of 60 mm and a slightly less than the height of the boiler itself. From above of this pipe, the flap is attached, which is intended to regulate the volume of oxygen.

At the bottom of the workpiece you need to cut place for the door, Through which you can remove the accumulated ash. Then the valve and several loops are welded to the door. On top of the design, chimney with a diameter of 10 cm. Up to half the meter, it should be almost horizontal position, and then move to a special heat exchanger.

By making the lid, you need to take care of the hole intended for fastening the distributor pipe. It is necessary that it fits tightly to the combustion chamber body.

Video for the manufacture of a solid fuel boiler with their own hands:

Connection and installation

The device can be installed and connect yourself. The installation method is selected depending on several features of a solid fuel boiler:

• The outer walls of the firebox can be very hot even if there is a water shirt around it;
• Homemade products have single walls.

The boiler should not be set closer than half the meter from the adjacent wall. In the event that it is made of fuel material, it is necessary to provide additional protection from brick masonry or galvanized sheets together with asbestos gasket.

Then between overlapping and chimney leave space width of at least 25 centimetersthat fill basalt wool and sewing galvanized.

In addition it is necessary to make the right foundation., After all, the device has a large mass, which increases significantly after the laying of a large amount of fuel. Usually it is made of reinforced concrete, filling with rubble. Then to the boiler join the chimney prepared in advance and connect it to the water contour.

Connection diagram to water circuit:

Using the boiler

Different fuels can be used for solid fuel boilers:

• stone and brown coal;
• anthracite;
• wood briquettes with firewood;
• combustible shale with peat.

For wood, a high exit of volatile substances during combustion is characteristic. Stone coal is the most popular fuel. Combustible shale is used for solid fuel heating relatively rarely, which is explained by their high ash.

First, you need to load the selected type of fuel. If a stone coal is used for extracts, then it is prohibited to replenish it during burning. However, in the case of the use of wood, firewood needs to be added to the furnace. It is impossible to open the doors widely so as not to burn.

It is better to take absolutely dry fuel, Because moisture can worsen its quality.

When heating peat and coal, an air flow collector should be applied.

In the apparatus of any kind the fuel is loaded only through the door at the top of the equipment.

Prices for boilers and cost of manufacture

Today, the market shows a fairly wide range of solid fuel boilers of long burning. Due to this, you can choose a model with the most suitable characteristics and at an affordable price. So, the minimum cost of the boiler is about 25,000 rubles, and the maximum may exceed 50,000 rubles.

However, with an insufficient number of funds, you can order the manufacture of the boiler Master or do it yourself. The last option will be most advantageous from an economical point of view. After all materials are relatively cheap, and the schemes are nothing complicated. Billets can do about 10-15 thousand rubles.

A solid fuel boiler in a country house is an excellent alternative to the stove, its installation and allow you to spend less time and effort on heating at home. Models equipped with a long-term combustion regime are most popular. The experience of the masters says such a boiler can be made with their own hands on ready-made drawings.

Before you make a solid fuel boiler with your own hands, it is not bad to figure out how they work, and what is due to their increased efficiency. The efficiency claimed in the passport documentation for boilers often exceeds 90%. The reason for this is a long and almost complete fuel combustion.

In the usual, working on firewood, coal or pells, the combustion chamber is generally, it is heated and burning fuel to the state of ash. The smoke that allocated at the same time comes immediately into the chimney, and from there - into the pipe. The area of \u200b\u200bcontact of the flame with the walls of the boiler in such models is small, and they do not have time to warm up. As a result, a significant in the atmosphere.

The process of burning firewood is divided into steps. First, it is heated to the temperature of about 300 degrees. The bond between the fibers of the wood is disturbed from heating, smoke saturated with moisture couples and combustible gases is distinguished, and the lamps themselves are charred.