The depth of the pit itself is two meters. The groundwater is very quickly damaging or flushes the design of the pit, resulting in disrepair.

What can build

For hermetic holes use:

• Old plastic or metal tanks. This is one of the budgetary construction options.
• Big diameter concrete rings (well seal!) Or concrete solution. The wood formwork is pre-built, into which the solution is poured. This type of facility is completely sealed. Additionally, the walls and bottom can be treated with a sealant solution.
• Industrial wells made of polymers - a fairly expensive solution to the problem of the sewage drain. But its installation does not require additional labor costs.

For filtering pits fit:

• Brick. With the help of such a building material it is easy to achieve a good permeability of water walls. Drainage holes are usually performed at the bottom of the pit, as an addition to a falling filter.
• Special concrete rings that already have drainage holes.
• Automotive tires are perhaps the most budget building material that can provide high-quality absorption fluid into the ground.
• Old metal or plastic containers are a universal way to build both hermetic and filter well. In the latter case, the holes are cut in the day or holes are drilled.

Order of work

Construction of plum includes the following works:

• Trench and pita are prepared. The size of the pit should be a little more basic pit design.
• The sand and crushed stone is laid out onto the bottom, the pillow is rambling.
• On top of the cushion laid a concrete slab or perform a tie. For filtering holes do not need to do this.
• Depending on the building material, it is performed: brickwork, setting rings or ready-made containers.
• With the help of rubber couplings, the sewer runoff is connected.
• The overlap is installed on top (concrete slab with a hole under hatch or shield from the board).
• A hatch with a lid is installed and the ventilation pipe is placed.
• From above, the design is covered with soil, and for side backfills you can use clay, sand or fine crushed stone.

Tools and building materials

It will take:

• bayonet and soviet shovel;
• manual roller for the rambling pillows:
• hacksaw for cutting pipes;
• perforator for penetration of technical holes in concrete (if reinforced concrete construction is built);
• sealant;
• cement (used when laying concrete rings);
• sand and crushed stone for bottom pillows;
• plastic or metal tank (if you plan to use this option);
• bricks for the construction of a brick well.

Construction work should prevail the preparation of the plan and the calculation of the number of building materials. According to exact data, the list of building materials and the required tools are corrected. See in our material.

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Not everyone is destined to become the owner of the household site on a flat, open and at the same time dry terrain. Plots with a high level of groundwater occurrence, with a threat of flooding are not very convenient for development, but not a reason for chagrin. The drainage duty device or a whole system of groundwater removal will help get rid of this problem.

Drainage drank device around the house

Drainage is the process of drying the soil on swamp areas, the withdrawal of excess water from the soil. The system of pipes, trenches, wells mounted for these purposes is still called. Why is it needed?

Drainage systems are a reasonable engineering solution that allows you to get rid of the problem of groundwater in the household plot. Usually, the territories of gardening cooperatives and individual buildings are protected from sublopulations of the drainage ditch, in which the pipe is laid, with the possibility of leading the assembled water into a lower place.

It is possible to build protective structures in the country with your own hands, but it is necessary to do this before the start of improvement. Drainage ditch, pipe, well, drainage - these elements create a system of drainage on the site.

To strengthen them, you will need a large number of earthworks, both with your own hands, maybe with the use of special equipment.

Drainage types in the country area

The water lead in the countrywide is a network of pipes and channels interconnected, which are arranged so as to make the most conveniently assembled and remove the excess water from buildings, yard, vegetable garden, and thereby strengthen these objects. If the drainage is done correctly, the surface waters will in no way be able to harm the foundation, the possibility of the appearance of mold and fungi will disappear.

Before starting work on the improvement in the area, it is necessary to determine the degree of threat of flooding, their capabilities and choose the drainage system necessary and the most appropriate for this case.

Open or surface drainage

The most simple system is the system.

Large-scale earthworks are not required here, sufficiently dug around the territory of the canvas, in which the rainstream pipe drains its water, flow rain flows, and irrigation.

Depth drainage system

A more complex option that is needed on a plot with a high level of groundwater, located in lowlands, and will not be superfluous on clay and drigly territories. The basis of such a drainage is a drain - a pipe that is laid in a trench at a certain depth. The trench leads to a waterborne well or a larger diameter collector tube.

Vertical drainage

This construction in the form of several wells located around the building. Water collected in them is repulsed by the pump. In order to make such a drainage system, engineering calculations are needed, projecting.

Raewater system

Complex view of hydro-eleiotic structures. Consists of pipes and wells. Built mainly in large areas or on the industrial site.

Device of open drainage

The easiest variant of the drainage in the country is open drainage systems. They are divided into two types: Spot and linear. Points are rain-seekers that are fixed in places where it ends.

Such rains are usually completed with grilles for garbage collection. Linear version of the open drainage is a drainage ditch.

The most simple drainage systems make it easy. Ancient Romans owned the art of creating engineering communications. The version of the Roman drainage is used in some farms and so on. Ancient engineers have come up with strengthening the estates with bunches of thick rods who prevented sprinkling.

Make such a simple strengthening with your own hands simply, the pipe is not needed here, but it can stop 15 years.
Stages of creating a drainage trench on the plot:

Nowadays, the cesspool is a decent alternative to local sewage and, with proper arrangement, it will be able to effectively and for a long time to deliver you from wastewater.

Such a pit is very simple, it is easy to do it yourself, not attracting specialists and equipment.

At the same time, a drain pit can be made in different ways, each of which will not require any special costs.

What is a cesspool

The cesspool is the simplest design in essence, but it is strengthened and it is built in different ways.

It is represented by a dug apart, to which the sewer tube is supplied. The wastewater is directly falling there and through the drainage pillow absorbed into the soil.

If the type of soil is not able to absorb a large amount of water, it is boomed from the pit forcibly, different types of pumps.

An example of arrangement in the private house of the drain pit you see below.

The advantages of this design are low costs and the ability to make it quickly and independently.

The disadvantage is that a pit with waste pollutes the environment and in case of insufficient sealing can spread the unpleasant smell on the site.

If there is a source of drinking water nearby, then it is necessary to make a fully sealed pit.

Types of cesspools

All cesspools differ in strength and degrees of their strengthening. Of course, more time will go to the arrangement of a stronger pit, but it can stop for many years.

A pit waters can be open and closed. If you make a reliable hatch for the drain pit, then unpleasant odors will be felt less or they will not be heard at all.

With the open pit, the water simply flows into a manually digging by manually, without closing and without strengthening. If necessary, this pit is simply thrown out earth.

In addition, pits can be built with the help of different materials.

Depending on this, the criterion cesspools are divided as permanent and temporary.

Continuous options include:

• drain pit of brick, slagoblock. The walls of the dug holes are laid with brick or cheaper blocks;
• pit of concrete rings. It is done in the form of a hermetic well, the walls of which consist of ready-made concrete rings. When installing, it requires the participation of the crane or other equipment, as the parts are too heavy;
• the monolithic pit from concrete is expensive, but more reliable option. The device passes by the laying of the foundation. May require external waterproofing;
• various plastic containers. Such a pit will be safe and completely sealed, guarantees the lack of unpleasant odors and durable. The minus is that such containers have a sufficiently small volume and require frequent cleaning and pumping;

An example of a permanent pit using a plastic tank you see below.

Options for permanent drain pit can also be with a bottom or without bottom.

The pit without the bottom can be built if the daily drain in the sewer does not exceed one cubic meter of water.

Also playing the ability of the soil to absorb drain water. The pit without the bottom is suitable for sandy types of land and with low groundwater.

You can look below for a cesspool without the bottom.

A chubnery pillow pillows on the bottom, through which water goes into the soil.

Pits with the bottom are more complex and expensive, but effective option. In this case, at the bottom of the pit, a concrete screed is made, and it turns out to be completely isolated.

With such a device, a constant pumping of water is required, but this pit does not pollute the soil and prevents unpleasant odors due to the hatch, which is covered at the top.

To temporary cesspools can be attributed to:

• tire pit. In this case, it is digging, in which the tires of different diameters are installed, and the outer walls fall asleep with sand. Through the tires are carried out pipe, and water falls there directly. This pit is not completely isolated and short-lived, suitable for infrequent plum;
• celmary pit from a tree. Her walls are trimmed with thick boards or other wooden materials. The pit for some time will not be sprinkled, but it will not be able to perform their functions for a long time, as the tree will quickly deteriorate from the water. The device of such a pit you see in the figure below;

• pitments of girlfriend. It can be slate, stone and other materials to strengthen the walls of the pit. This will help not worry about plum for some time, but is also a short-dealing option.

The view of the Poam depends on how much time, money and strength you can spend on its arrangement, but the optimal option is the device of a constant isolated pit with a bottom that will serve for many years.

Device cesspool

How to make a drain pit? Before you directly engage in the construction of a drain pit, you need to accurately calculate the place and volume for it.

First of all, it must be said that following sanitary standards, a cesspool should be located as follows:

• at a distance from the dwelling of 5-20 meters;
• retreat at least a meter from the fence, that is, from the edge of the site;
• location 20-50 meters further sources of drinking water or wells.

The lifting motion scheme for plum is shown in the figure below, where 1 is a cesspool itself.

The volume of the pit is calculated depending on how many people live in the house and with which periodicity is used to drain into the sewer.

For example, about 12 cubic meters of water leaves for a family of three people per month.

You still need to take into account the type of soil, if you suggest a pit without the bottom. The ability to absorb the amount of water you use is not every type. For example, clay soil misses a very small volume and, in this case, it is more expedient to make a pit with a bottom or constantly pump water.

When calculating the volume, it is necessary to take into account that initially the pit must be filled, not reaching the surface on the meter. Thus, the pipe of the sewage is supplied.

After its gasket, the pipe falls asleep, and the volume of the pits increases for this meter.

Construction of a cesspool

If you build a cesspool for giving or house where you are rarely, then it is cheaper and easier to build a cesspool without the bottom, that is, absorbing pit.

The process of its construction will pass like this:

• at the first stage, the pit is digging. To the desired depth, it is necessary to add a place for a pillow - a filter that will help drain water, absorb soil;
• at the same time, the device of walls and sewage pipes are made, which are packed at an angle;
• laying pipe inside the pit. This pipe should also enter the pit at an angle so that the fluid is fluid flow;
• if the walls are made of brick, then the overlap is made and the hatch is installed.

Such a pit can be arranged by the simplest way, and with rare use will serve for a long time and reliably.

If you live on the site constantly, then you should make the same pit, but it is to cover it with a knitted reinforcement and pour concrete. Then it will be hermetic and safe. On the outside of the walls, it is also possible to make waterproofing from rubberoid or other materials. This will give the strength of the cesspool.

You can also be installed in the pita and sealed capacity of the desired volume, as shown in the image below.

The most inexpensive options will be the construction of the Eurocuba or using plastic containers.

The construction of hermetic pits takes such steps:

• drying is a container;
• sliding sewer pipes below the soil winter friction level;
• a ventilation exit device that is done so that harmful gases do not accumulate in a sealed container. Ventilation should be at a distance of 70 cm from the surface;
• the pit is falling asleep with sand or earth.

This pit will require constant care and pumping, but for its durability can not be worried. It is ideal if the groundwater level on the site is high, but with such a factor, the container needs to argue or strengthen, causing the bottom, otherwise it can simply pop up when the spring water rises above.

Installation of overlaps

At the very end of construction on the surface of the pit, the overlap is made, which protects the walls from destruction and completes the design of a constant drain pit, making it safe.

Overlap are made from different materials, but in any case they must withstand the weight of two adults. Most often it is a concrete plate, which is stacked in the finished form or poured manually.

Installation of overlap in the form of a concrete slab, cast on its own, the following steps are:

• the earth is 20 centimeters from different sides;
• formwork is made throughout the perimeter of the hatch;
• strengthening the plate with the help of reinforcement. The section is 100-150 mm;
• the design is poured with concrete and plugs well in order to avoid air pockets;
• concrete levels and freezes. This process can be considered completed in a month.

An example of mounting overlap you see in the figure below.

After this work, the formwork is cleaned and you can install the hatch. The overlap remains in the same form or falling asleep soil for thermal insulation.

The removal of soil and stormwater from the foundation will significantly increase the service life and capital building, and the country's construction. Easy in the device The drainage system will save underground concrete structures from gradual erosion, and basements from the edge. But it is extremely important to prevent the destruction of the foundation of the structure, right?

A competent drainage diagram around the house will help to build an effectively active system for collecting and removing natural water. We invite you to familiarize yourself with the carefully selected and verified information based on the regulatory documents and the real experience of builders of low-rise objects.

We will thoroughly tell about the types of drainage systems, the features of their device, the specifics of operation. We bring arguments in favor of selecting a certain type of drainage. The useful information proposed to your attention are supplemented with photos, schemes and video instructions.

Designing the drainage system, first of all determine the goals that are planned to be achieved. They can be in the drainage of the entire site, in protecting the foundation and basement at home from excess moisture.

Of the existing drainage systems, two main types can be distinguished - open and depth (closed). The first can be used for the needs of agriculture, for drainage from the cultivated territories. Closed drainage is used to remove water in the country and cottage sites, to protect buildings from the negative effects of high-corne.

The organization of the drainage system is necessary at a high groundwater mirror, which is especially manifested in the flood period. Drainage to protect against the aggression of underground water concrete foundation and reduce the hydraulic load

The combined drainage systems also use. They are often complemented by storm sewers intended for disposal of atmospheric water. Subject to their competent design, they allow you to significantly save on the construction of each system separately.

Gallery of images

The first and main feature, according to which the site owners need to arrange drainage, is stagnant water during the snowmast. This means that the soil underlying soil have a low filtration capacity, i.e. poorly pass water or don't miss it at all

Drainage is needed in areas with pronounced signs of soil erosion: cracks appearing in a dry period. This is a manifestation of soils to groundwater, resulting in the end to the destruction

Collection and removal of water is required if in the period of snowy and abundant rain falling groundwater rises to the level of laying of communications

By type of water-driven devices, storm sewage systems are divided into point and linear. The first build on areas with organized drain, the second - with an unorganized

Linear water receivers have a significantly larger area than that of point. They are installed next to houses with an inorganized drainage and on sites paved by waterproof coating.

The branches formed around the house of the trench should have a bias towards the common trench, intended for the removal pipe of the assembled water to the collector well

The bottom of the trench smell sand. His trambra and form a bias of 2-3 cm on the trafficphone meter. Dog send to the side of the total trench, the bottom of which is also dumbling and the trambam. In case of crossing the trench communications, we take into account that the drainage pipes should be held below them

We prepare drains, perforated polymer pipes, to laying in a trench. Wrap them with geotextiles, which will prevent the system clogging and profil defines the groundwater

The ramped bottom of the trench we stood up the second layer of geotextile, we embarrass the gravel and put the drain on it

The channels of removal of water sewage and the drainage system are placed in one trench. Exammable water collected from them to allocate in one collector and use common viewing wells.

Wrapped the gravel hiding together with the drainage pipe by the second layer of geotectifyl, we fall asleep the trench by career sand. We do not use the ground, reclined in the development of trenches, the sand will be better to skip the water to collect DRAIN

The total trench, to which the circular drainage is supplied, brought to the installation site of the collector well

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In each private house with a household site, the need for processing, purification and disposal of a large number of different liquids is relevant. Streams come from such treatment facilities as septic tanks, assembled by storm sewage, are formed after melting of snow. For the distribution of water directed into the ground, the drainage pit is used.

What do you need drainage pits

An option with a simple reset of the fluid to the nearest local reservoir can not be implemented, and it is impossible to call it acceptable from the point of view of ecology. A reasonable solution will be directed to drainage for drain pit in the form of a well. In this construction, the waste liquid and water are subjected to additional cleaning and are distributed into the ground.

To bring the drains in drainage of a drain pit, equip special ditches or feed them through the pipeline from the sewage unit.

Devraging channels

On the extended slope, there are at least two drainage databases, each other is connected by bypass pipes. The last of the ditch, located at the bottom of the plot, should have access to the drainage pit (read also: ""). Since the leaves and garbage with rain and melt water fall into the drainage system, it must be cleaned regularly. The design of the drainage ditch (see photo) was constantly improved and now this is an effective structure, characterized by the simplicity of the device.

How to make ditches on the plot

Sanding sand is poured onto the bottom of the ditch. You can build a drainage database or closed or in an open way. With a closed embodiment, a pipe having a perforation in its lower part is placed on a sandy pillow. With the open method, the ditch is covered with a grid on top, and the walls are strengthened.

In order to increase the degree of filtering of the effluents passing by drainage channels, a combined filter is arranged in its lower part of the sand layer on which geotextiles for drainage is placed. Then the design falls asleep with rubbank. The presence of geotextiles and a chicken layer prevents blurring a sand pillow.

As for drainage drangies, equipped in open type, they are paved in small areas. In addition, they can only be used in the warm season.

A closed drainage system has a more complex design, it allows you to collect water from large areas and can function year-round. It is often done in the shape of a Christmas tree, but at the same time it must be borne in mind that the cross-section of pipes adjacent to the drainage pit must be greater than in their distinct ends.

Building pits do it yourself

If necessary, on the site, not one drainage pit can be equipped with their own hands, but several.

They will be enough to remove water, for example, from a small bath:

1. Before making a drainage pit, dig a trench for polypropylene pipes. To use the drainage system in winter, they need to be laid below the depth of the soil. It is necessary to calculate in advance, to which depth to dig a drainage tube into the ground. Pipes should additionally be insulated with a layer of isolation or lay a warming cable with them.
2. Next dig a pit under the drainage well. It must be located below the level of soil freezing, so its depth depends on the region finding the site.
3. For the formation of the necessary angle of liner, on the bottom of the trenches, a layer of rubbank is poured. Check the correctness of such work with the help level.
4. In the pit-well, the old barrel is placed, which does not have the upper and lower lids. Crushed stone on the bottom. Also using rubble is equipped with a backstage of the pit, which is placed barrel.