The space under the scope or broken roof of a wooden house is often used not only for technical purposes, but also as a residential premises. But to create comfortable conditions, the attic must be carefullyroidered from heat loss and external noise, as well as ensure normal ventilation of all rooms.

To understand what a heater is better for the attic, it is necessary to carefully examine the parameters of the materials presented in the market and relate them to the requirements of the project with the insulation of the room and the degree of preparing the roofing system.

Depending on the type of roofing materials and the overall system of the roof device in a wooden house, basic requirements for thermal insulation materials are prescribed.

During the construction of an object, a doomle and a counterclaim for metal or soft blood types can be performed according to different schemes. As a result, there are two types of roofing devices:

• with styling waterproofing film or diffusion membrane;
• without installation, the counterbalax and the waterproofing layer.

The second option is considered a rough mistake, but periodically builders do not leave spaces for natural ventilation of the rafter system and do not protect its elements from moisture exposure.

Requirements for materials

Requirements for insulation may differ depending on the type of roofing device, but the basic characteristics should remain unchanged:

• thermal conductivity not more than 0.045 W / MK;
• the material density is within 30 - 50 kg per cubic meter;
• hard or semi-rigid structure of the heat insulator.

Thickness

The thickness of the insulation layer directly depends on the purpose of the attic floor. With the device within the framework of this space of residential rooms and a bathroom, it is necessary to protect the design from the heat and freezing loss.

That is why experts advise using a layer of insulation at least 100 - 150 mm. Moreover, the material is stacked in 2 layers for more efficient protection against heat loss.

Density

It is also worth remembering that the lower the density of the material, the greater its thermal insulation capacity and less impact on the rafter system. We must not forget that the weighting of the roof can negatively affect the state of the entire design of the house, because the pressure of the rafted the walls increases, and this can lead to their deformation.

That is why, before choosing the optimal insulation for the attic, it is necessary to carefully examine its properties and calculate the approximate load on the solry system.

In the absence of a waterproofing film or diffusion membrane that protects rafters from the accumulation of moisture during steam condensation, it is best to choose one of the polymer insulation.

Most often, this situation develops when the house is erected, in which the residential attic was not supposed. That is why materials with extremely low permeability are becoming the best option, such as polyurethane foam and expanded polystyrene.

Such insulation are perfectly protected not only from the freezing of the design or a decrease in temperature in the room, but also from the constant impact of moisture. They are harmless to humans, but require the creation of ventilation systems, since it is hampered by normal air circulation.

An interesting option for the heat insulation of the roof is the material based on foamed polyurethane. Such a heater is applied with a spraying, which ensures the absolute integrity of its layer without the formation of cold bridges.

In addition, this material does not require additional fasteners or fixation due to good adhesion to the base. It will take no more than 4 to 8 hours to process the roof in 100 square meters, which significantly reduces the process of arranging the attic floor.

The thickness of a similar insulation to protect the attic compared to classical mineral wools can be reduced by 1.5 - 2 times and is 80 - 100 mm. It is due to the holistic structure of the applied layer, as well as the formation of absolutely closed air cavities, polyurethane foam perfectly protects the room from heat loss.

But it is necessary to remember that applying such a heater, the owners of the house should establish forced ventilation, otherwise the accumulated moisture will lead to the development of fungi and pathogenic microorganisms.

In this case, perfectly cope with the task of insulation as a classic foam and extruded polystyrene foam.

Both materials have excellent thermal insulation properties, but the extruded version is more reliable and durable. Its thermal conductivity is lower, so the effective layer is reduced to 80 mm.

The cost of foam is lower, but taking into account the difference in the required number of materials, the total costs remain approximately equal. The indisputable advantage of extruded polystyrene foam in front of the foam is its non-causing.

The extruded polystyrene foam in contrast to the foam plastic is not affected by rodents, its structure simply does not allow them to create their nests in the thickness of the material. Nevertheless, the foam still remains one of the most sought-after insulation.

The density of both varieties of expanded polystyrene is also selected in the range of 30 - 50 kg / m3 to prevent the design of the structure. The fastening of them is carried out on special disc dowels with large polymer lids.

Fiber and natural insulation

When creating a roof with a counterclaim and a device of any type of waterproofing for it is worth choosing semi-rigid materials such as mineral and stone wools or composites based on natural fibers.

Such materials require additional protection against wetting, since when the water drops, their properties lose completely or partially. In addition, their mount involves the creation of an additional framework, which complicates work. But such wools have excellent permeability, therefore, they maintain the natural circulation of air, providing a normal level of humidity in the room.

Mineral and Stone Wats

In fact, such materials are the most budget option for mansard insulation. They have low weight and density, so they do not lose design. Installation of such a insulation is easy, but will require several days.

Most often, mineral wools fit into the space between the rafters. To increase the efficiency of thermal insulation, the full overlap of the beams and rafters is periodically used. The required layer of such materials is 150 - 200 mm.

The main mines of mineral wat is the complete loss of properties during wetting, as well as harmfulness for a person when weathered. The impact of the wind is able to beat small stone or glass fibers from the total array of material.

With their hit in residential premises, allergic reactions may arise and provoke respiratory diseases. That is why mineral wools are sure to defend from both sides.

Natural fiber materials

Insulation are semi-rigid wools formed from vegetable fibers, natural binding components and antiseptics. The latter help prevent biological corrosion and increase the durability of the insulation. In addition, the eco-star is introduced by anti-epires, which reduces their flammability.

Such materials are afraid of overvalued, but partially retain their properties during wetting and completely restored after drying. Natural wools are suitable for insulation of any home, but also require vaporizolation and diffuse membranes.

Protection of insulation from external and internal moisture

When using semi-rigid wats for the insulation of a private house attic, heat-insulating materials are required both from condensate, which is formed under roofing material and from the inner moisture of the premises.

Cake device

The inner finish of the houses of the house is a kind of puff pastry:

• waterproofing film or diffusion membrane above rafters;
• layer of insulation;
• vaporizoation;
• frame for interior decoration;
• directly finishing material.

It is the presence of two films that allows you to completely protect the selected insulation.

Superdiffusional membranes

When using superdiffusion membranes, the selected material can be attached so that it is tightly pressed to the film. Due to the high bandwidth of such water membranes of water vapor from the premises quickly passes through the insulation without condensation.

Ventilation clearance

When using waterproofing with a low bandwidth between the insulation and the film, it is necessary to leave the ventilation clearance of at least 2.5 - 3 cm. In this case, the steam will be freely circulated in this space, gradually leading out and not condensed in the body of the thermal insulator.

With the proper insulation of the attic can be an excellent additional space in any house.

It must be immediately noted that the windproof film in this case is fixed in the same way as when insulation materials in mats.

• Wet applying material is made using special equipment, which spokes with water mixed with water and special glue.

Equata is sprayed under pressure, so the material fills all the gaps and cracks, thus creating good warmth - and sound insulation.

After spraying, the excess material is removed using a special roller, and at the same time levels.

Another installation option may be filling a wet eco-art closed wall cavities or floor.

On the walls first, the vapor insulation film is fixed and stretched, it is stretched, it is done in it, through which the space is filled with heat-insulating material - equata.

• Dry method of insulation is great for styling are equipped with attic of the mansard. This method can be done manually or using the same equipment.

If the insulation is performed manually, the insulation is simply removed from the package and tear. Then distribute it between the beams of overlapping and tampering. The thickness of the layer should be equal to the height of the ceiling beams.

However, it is better to make the installation of insulation under pressure using special equipment.

On top of the EcoCite is delayed with a vapor barrier film, and on top of it on the beams, rails are stuffed, 20 ÷ 25 mm thick - this lamp will create the necessary ventilation gap. After that, the floor coating is laid.

Video: "Dry" way of applying equata

Spraying polyurethan

Increasingly used for thermal insulation of buildings both from the inside and outside. Especially it is popular for frame structures and mansard.

A sole harness in independent work can be complex equipment for sputtering polyurethane foam, without which it will be simply impossible to do. There is an option to jet the apparatus for rent in a specialized company, but it will also be expensive, not to mention its purchase. In addition, you need to learn how to configure it correctly and have want the initial skills to work with it.

Perhaps it will be easier and cheaper to invite the master who will make this work quickly and gently. With minor volumes, the process can be started and finished in one day.

A spraying can be carried out on any surface - even and rough, plywood, metal or even dense vapor insulation film, reinforced with rope weaving.

The sprayed polyurethane foam forms a seamless surface, while penetrating all the small and bulk gaps, and their hermetically closes.

The PPU can be sprayed directly on the inner surface of the roof and watted on top of the decorative material - this insulating layer will be enough if the structure is located in the climatic zone with soft or moderate winter.

Video: Mansard insulation sprayed polyurethane foam

So, each material has its advantages and disadvantages. Of course, the price of the insulation, the complexity or availability of its installation plays a big role, but still on the forefront of the effectiveness of thermal insulation and safety, therefore it is necessary to dwell on the material that will create the most comfortable atmosphere in the attic room and, at the same time, will bring Minimum damage to the health of residents at home.

Learn more information from our new article.

If the roof of the country house forms a spacious attic space, it can be used to expand the living space. An attic room can serve as a bedroom or office, a room for sports, a cinema or billiard room. To use an extra place all year round, you need good thermal insulation. The insulation of the attic will not require large material costs, especially since the work can be performed with their own hands. It is only important to choose the appropriate thermal insulation material and correctly carry out installation.

Requirements for thermal insulation materials

For the insulation of the attic, the same technology is suitable, which is used in the construction of frame houses, however, increased requirements for the materials and quality of work. How qualitatively the insulation of the attic space will be made, it affects both the conditions for comfortable accommodation and the durability of the roof. This is due to the fact that the walls of the attic room form the frontones and roofs of the roofs - those surfaces that are stronger than all in the summer heat. In winter, on the contrary, fastening with cold air flows, they are faster than all cool. If the thermal insulation is low-quality, then the roof will pass the heat outward. It should not be thought that the danger of such a situation lies in a banal increase in the energy consumer heating of the attic. Warm rods will provoke the melting of snow, and this is fraught with many more serious trouble - from mechanical damage to the upper coating formed by Founding to the appearance of fungi and mold, destroying roofing pie and wooden structures of the rafter system.

High-quality thermal insulation will make the attic comfortable for living and in summer heat, and in the winter stru

Choosing a material for the insulation of the attic, it should be remembered that not only the thickness and number of layers of thermal insulation depends on this, but also simplicity of installation. Based on the specifics of using insulation, these requirements are presented to them:

1. The ability to resist peak temperatures. The material must be frost-resistant and not collapse at high temperature, while maintaining its characteristics even after numerous cycles of frost-defrosting or heating-cooling.
2. Durability. The service life of thermal insulation should be no lower, and even higher than other materials used on the roof. This is due to the fact that replacing the roofing pie is much more complicated than, for example, the upper coating of metal tile or ondulin.
3. As low the coefficient of thermal conductivity. It is best to take insulation with an indicator of no more than 0.05 W / m × to.
4. Maximum moisture resistance. Since condensate may appear in the underfloor space, the material should not absorb moisture and lose its properties during wetting.
5. Fire safety. Thermal insulation should not burn or maintain burning.
6. Small weight. The insulation must be lightly not to create an increased load on the rafting roof system. The total weight of thermal insulation can be determined by multiplying its density on the volume. Experts recommend using materials with a density of up to 50 kg / m 3.
7. The ability to hold the defined configuration. The insulation is placed in the intervals between the rafters in the inclined position. If you choose a material that is able to deform under your own weight, then over time it can break down, forming emptiness inside the design. It is necessary to choose heat insulation, which can hold the initial size and shape for a long time.

What the thermal insulation will be chosen, affects the thickness of the roofing cake. Later we consider how to calculate the amount of the required material.

What materials are suitable for mansard insulation

Make an attic suitable for accommodation at any time of the year using various insulation. Consider their features and highlight the strengths and weaknesses.

Mineral wool

For insulation of the attic room, you can use glass gamble, mineral or slag cotton wool. These materials have such thermophysical and operational parameters:

• high thermal resistance - up to 1.19 W / (m 2 / K);
• low thermal conductivity - no more than 0.042 W / m × K;
• low weight - from 15 to 38 kg in 1 m 2.

The thermal insulation of the cotton type is a favorite option for home masters, if roofing pie needs to be equipped from the inside of the room. It does not support burning, has a minimum weight, and, which is important, rodents do not come to her layer. The slab samples are perfectly preserved, and when laying a fibrous insulation, the space between the rafters does not require an accurate fit - the mineral wool is easily distributed without seams and gaps.

Mineral wool produced in the form of rolled and slab materials

The only drawback can be considered increased hygroscopicity. Due to the appearance of moisture between the fibers, the thermal insulation properties of the material fall more than twice as well, and he himself begins to collapse. Therefore, mineral wool needs high-quality waterproofing from the roof side and the installation of a vapor barrier membrane from the inside of an attic room.

Polymer thermal insulation

Polymer materials are often used for insulation of roofing design - polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam. They are perfectly held warm and, because of their hydrophobicity, moisture is completely not afraid.

Simple polystyrene foam, which is different in a different foam, is one of the most popular insulation in the building materials market. Good performance characteristics are minimal density, low thermal conductivity, moisture resistance and the ability to keep the specified form contribute to the idealization of this material. As a result, it is often used where it is categorically not recommended. First, for the insulation of the residential premises, only the non-combustible foam of the M1-G2 brand is suitable, and not a popular G3-G4, which is perfectly flammable and burns into minutes. If you choose the last for the insulation of the attic, then it will be unreal in fire in it. Secondly, the installation of ordinary expanded polystyrene is not the task of simple, because it does not cut and easily crumble. Thirdly, this material is susceptible to aging and eventually begins to quickly collapse. And in conclusion it should be noted that the foam is a favorite material in rats and mice, so it is used only where it will be closed by a layer of a concrete screed or hidden behind the plaster.

Polyfoam is one of the types of gas-filled plastics, which can be used for the insulation of an attic room

Focalleam deficiencies are almost completely deprived of extruded polystyrene foam (EPPS), which is well suited for the thermal insulation of the attic room outside. For this plate, the insulation plates are laid directly under the roofing material, on top of the elements of the rafting system. The extruded expanded polystyrene includes antipyrenes, so it burns badly. Compared to the foam, the EPPS has higher strength and stiffness, because of which it is much easier to mount. Like other polymeric materials, extruded polystyrene foam waterproof, does not miss steam and has good energy-saving properties. This makes it a better option for the thermal insulation of the attic roof outside. By the way, the EPPS will need quite a bit - a 100-mm layer will be enough to insulate the attic room in most regions of our country.

Extruded expanded polystyrene foam is best suited for roof insulation

Polyurene Foolder

Polyurethane foam (PPU) is a gas-filled plastic, which is applied to the inner surface of the skates in liquid form. When grappling, the material forms a hard foam with excellent physical characteristics:

• heat transfer - up to 0.027 W / m × K;
• thermal resistance from 1.85 to 9.25 W / (m 2 / K);
• the density of thermal insulation is from 30 to 86 kg / m 3;
• weight - from 11 to 22 kg.

For the application of polyurethane foam, a special installation is used, in which the liquid mixture is foaming when air is supplied or CO 2.

To insulate the roof of polyurethane foam, you will have to contact the specialists - without special equipment and skills here can not do

This method of installation is largely predetermined by the advantages of the insulation, since when placing the underpants, there are no cracks, gaps and cold bridges in the form of open elements of the solo system. PPU does not support combustion and does not change the form. It does not destroy over time and is well opposed to moisture. By the way, the last factor causes low pairs of resistance - the insulation does not allow the roof to "breathe", which is fraught with high humidity in the attic space.

So that the air in the attic room is fresh and light, and the walls of the walls were not covered with mold and fungus, when heating the roof was insulated with polyurethane foam, it is necessary to think through a high-quality ventilation system.

EcoWhat can be considered one of the best materials for work on the insulation of the house. This insulation is more than 80% composed of cellulosic fibers, therefore it has a low thermal conductivity and is well suited for filling the gaps between the rafters. Since cellulose is in pure form, it burns well and is destroyed by fungi, it is injected with a booine as an antipyrin and boric acid to protect against damage by biological organisms, including rodents.

The main physical properties of Eco

• thermal conductivity - from 0.037 to 0.042 W / m × K;
• density depends on the degree of laying and varies in the range of 26-95 kg / m 3;
• combustion - group G2 according to GOST 30244;
• parry permeability - up to 03 mg / MCHP.

In terms of its operational properties, the EcoWhat is approaching mineral and polymer thermal insulation, ahead of them along a variety of factors. So, in contrast to mineral wool, it absorbs moisture without a significant reduction in thermal conductivity. With increasing humidity, 1% basalt stove will lose the tenth of its thermal insulation properties, while eco-wing with moisture to 25% increase the thermal conductivity of no more than 5%.

For the insulation of the attic fits eco-plates in the form of plates of various thickness

It is also important that when drying, the pulp insulation completely restores its initial characteristics. At the same time, it can serve as a kind of buffer capable of maintaining a comfortable level of humidity indoors. Equata allows you to maintain a seamless method, so forms a monolithic layer without intervals and cold bridges. Its breathability is almost twice as lower than that of mineral insulation, and at the same time it remains quite elastic in order to extinguish sound waves. When using attacks, attic will be best protected from external noise. And finally, it is impossible to default about the environmental friendliness and safety of this material. It has no chemical compound in its composition, which could evaporate and allocate substances harmful to humans.

How to calculate the thickness of thermal insulation

To calculate which layer of the insulation will be needed for the insulation of the attic, the builders use the formula from SNIP II-3-79 Δ UT \u003d (R - 0.16 - δ 1 / λ 1 - δ 2 / λ 2 - Δ I / λ i) × λ of ut, in which R is the heat resistance of the skate, wall or overlap (m 2 × ° C / W), δ is the estimated thickness of the individual structural elements in meters, and λ is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the insulation (W / m × ° C) for used structural layers.

In a private housekeeping, the formula is simplified to a simple equation δ ut \u003d R × λB, where the last factor characterizes the thermal conductivity of the insulation used in W / m × ° C. The minimum thermal resistance of the walls, roofing and overlappings depends on the region in which construction is maintained.

Table: The values \u200b\u200bof thermal resistance depending on the construction region

The characteristics of the thermal conductivity of any thermal insulation material can also be found in the tables.

Table: thermal conductivity coefficients of materials

To determine the thickness of the insulation, it is absolutely necessary to read everything manually. You can use the online calculator, which is easy to find on the scope of the network. All that is needed in this case is to introduce the values \u200b\u200bof the climatic zone, the area of \u200b\u200bthe attic, the type of insulation and the scope of its use. All other calculations will make the program for you.

Hansard insulation from the inside

The easiest and most convenient way of insulation of the roof is thermal insulation on the side of the attic room. To this end, almost all known heat-insulating materials are used. Most often used mineral or glass wool - the low price of these insulation affects. Extruded expanded polystyrene, the installation of which causes more difficulties in the case. And unfortunately, an EcoWhat or polystyrene foaming is still quite rarely used - there is a relatively high price and complexity of heat insulation.

With the insulation of the attic from the inside, not only the walls are insulated, but also the floor

The durability of the materials used and comfort inside the attic room depends on how accurately the technology of thermal insulation activities will be observed. The most important role is played here how well the roofing "pie" is laid. If we consider the structure from the inside to the outside, then it consists of such elements:

• finishing sheets of drywall, plywood or OSB, clapboard, etc.;
• vaporizoation;
• thermal insulation material;
• waterproofing;
• control and doomle with ventilation gap;
• roofing material.

It should be noted that vaporizolation will be needed only when cotton materials are used for insulation - in this case it will prevent the penetration of wet air from the attic room. When using polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene, the need for diffusion membrane disappears.

As for the waterproofing, it is necessary in any case, since it will serve as an additional barrier to protect the roofing pie and the wooden elements of the rafter system from the incoming moisture. If fibrous insulation is used for thermal insulation, then superdiffusion membranes are used, capable of passing water vapor in one direction. When installing them orient in this way to ensure the moisture is removed from cotton materials. In addition, to improve ventilation between waterproofing and roofing, the ventilation clearance height from 5 to 10 cm is shown.

When insulation, mineral wool must use a vapor barrier film

The whole process of the insulation of the roof can be divided into several stages:

• preparatory work;
• preparation of heat-insulating material;
• laying insulation in place;
• fastening of thermal insulation;
• finishing events.

The insulation of the attic room should be remembered, starting from the design stage, not forgetting to take into account the peculiarities of thermal insulation work at all stages of construction. It follows from the very beginning to determine what will be the walls of the attic. If in their quality will be the inclined surface of the roof to the overlapping, then the roofing rates are insulated. In the event that vertical wall structures are installed, thermal insulation are installed on involved parts of the roof, walls and sections adjacent to them.

Thermal insulation is installed on the sections used.

Procedure for performing work

Before proceeding to the insulation of the attic, the heater's cake should be protected by a layer of waterproofing. This work must be done before laying roofing material, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve the complete tightness of the heat insulation carpet. Relieve the film membrane starts on top of the rafter. Work leads upwards, with an overwhelm of the previous web for 15 cm and the crossing of the joint with a special scotch. Stretching the film is not necessary, it is better to leave a small slack. The deflection of a value of up to 20 mm per 1 lineage meter of material will be enough that the membrane waterproofing does not break with the onset of winter frosts. For fastening the film to the rafters, the construction stapler is best used. If there is no such tool at hand, the waterproofing can be knocked up galvanized nails with wide hats.

The protection of the cake of thermal insulation from moisture should be thought on even at the roof structure

To ensure normal ventilation of the space between the film membrane and the roofing material, lumber is used as a thickness of at least 25 mm. They are fixed with the help of corrosion-resistant screws or galvanized nails with a length of 50-70 mm.

To avoid accidental damage to the waterproofing film, the holes in the lamp are done in advance.

If the roof is covered with soft roof, then a solid base of wood-chip, OSB or moisture-resistant plywood is assembled into the shap. Metal tile, slate and other hard roofing materials are attached directly to the elements of the root.

Then the installation leads from the attic. In order not to make mistakes, observed work should be observed:

1. The thermal insulation material is unpacking. The slab and rolled insulation are folded on a flat surface and leave for a short time to straighten with its fibers.
2. The plane of mineral wool is cut into pieces whose width is 2-3 cm exceeds the step of the installation of the rafter feet.
   

   The standard width of the rolled heat insulation is 1.2 m, so for the convenience of its installation, you should choose the same or reduced twice distance between the rafters. In the latter case, the insulation is cut along, obtaining two canvas with a width of 0.6 m.

3. Sliced \u200b\u200binsulation plates are laid in between rafters. Initially, thermal insulation will be kept due to the installation of the "Musphere", so each web is first pressed in the center, and then its edges are refilled so that the insulation does not play the sling.
4. Mineral wool is closed by a vaporizolation membrane. As in the case of waterproofing, the material stripes are placed horizontally, from the bottom up, with a falsestone at least 10 cm. The joints are sampled by a scotch, and the film itself is fixed to rafters by staples.
5. The lumber is 2.5 cm with a thickness of 2.5 cm. In the future, there will be plasterboard structures or other finishing material.

   The layer of insulation is closed with a vapor insulation membrane, on top of which shelter rails are stuffed

Sometimes it is necessary to equip the warmed attic in the house with the already installed roof. In order not to dismantle the roofing material, the waterproofing membrane can be installed on the side of the room. For this, the film turns the rafter, and the material itself is attached to the doom. The minus of such a decision is that the wooden structures of the roof remain unprotected if the moisture will begin to be selected inside for some reason.

Video: Thermal insulation of the attic floor mineral wool

Features of the insulation of the attic roof outside

If the design of the attic room suggests the presence of wooden beams on the walls or its dimensions do not allow any centimeter of space, then the roof is insulated outside. It is best to do this at the roof construction stage, because in the opposite case it will have to remove the roofing material.

Insulation of the roof outside can be performed only with rigid heat insulation. The best material in this case is the extruded polystyrene foam. As noted above, such a coating does not need vapor barrier, so insulation pie consists of fewer layers:

• slab thermal insulation;
• waterproofing membrane;
• gearing with a ventilation gap;
• roofing material.

The main advantage of the insulation of the roof outside is in the homogeneity of the heat insulating layer. The undoubted advantage is the absence of cold bridges and the possibility of inspection and repair rafters without dismantling the roofing material.

The method at which the attic is insulated outside, will increase the inner space of the attic and engage rafters as decorative interior elements

Procedure for performing work:

All that remains to do is to lay and fix the roofing material. Hard coatings are attached straight to the doom, therefore, the distance between the bar should be taken into account at the installation phase. Under the soft roof, a continuous base of OSB or plywood, which protect the waterproofing layer is shut. In this case, it is not necessary to establish a waterproofing membrane over the insulation.

Video: All you need to know about mansard warming

The insulation of the attic room, except, actually, maintaining heat inside, allows you to solve a number of other tasks. High-quality insulation will prevent the roof overheating in the summer, and therefore, the room will also be as comfortable as in any other room. In winter frosts, thermal insulation pie will not allow melting of snow and the formation of a land, and during the rain or hail serve as protection against noise. It is only important to take into account the features of various insulation and perform work competently, taking into account the rules and technology of installation.

Solve the problem of lack of useful residential space in a country house can be arranged in the attic room. This part of the building does not differ in thick enclosing structures, therefore, for all-season use, the building owner must lay correctly selected thermal insulation. Our article will talk about what the insulation is better for the attic roof.

At the moment, there are many products on the domestic construction market, which can be used as a heater for a roof or other enclosing construction, fronton.

How is the heat exchange on the attic

The work on the insulation of the attic began to conduct after mounting the heating system in attic rooms, because such materials allow to keep warm air in the middle of the house. In the absence of a heating system, the laying of thermal insulation does not always give the desired effect. The heat here holds a small air layer, which is located between the ceiling and the roof, it also contributes to the snow layer on the roof.

When installing the heating system on the attic floors, the heated air will strive up, it quickly heats the roof and melt the snow. To reduce the energy flow, the owner of the house should be provided for the insulation of the facade of the building. This work can be performed by one of the methods described below:

1. Warming the roof of the house from the inside. In this case, it will be appropriate laying of insulating mats in the space between the roof rafters. This method of reducing the energy flow is considered one of the most costly, but in some cases it is considered the only possible solution. Many are asked than it is better to insulate the roof of the attic. One of the possible options is considered to install mineral wool with further laying of a vapor barrier film.

2. Another thermal insulation is considered to be external thermal insulation. Experienced builders recommend that this method is recommended, because when docking the insulation slabs, the possibility of forming the cold bridges is reduced. Such work is desirable to spend during the installation of the roof, while the thermal insulation materials are placed on a vaporizolation film. This element is fixed with a stapler bracket to rafters. At the final stage of works, the insulation is protected from the exposure to moisture with waterproofing film, the roll products are fixed by the same stapler and proceed to the installation of roofing coating.

If you compare the inner and outdoor insulation, the last option has the worse protection against atmospheric precipitation. Materials for outdoor insulation should keep the form and do not pass moisture. For those who do not know, the better to insulate the attic roof outside it is desirable to choose a foam.

What characteristics should be present at the insulation

Most of the roofers know that the effectiveness of the roof insulation, as well as the frontal part of the building depends not only on the quality of the work performed, but also on the type of thermal insulation material. Before you start buying a product it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the requirements that the heater's chosen:

1. To begin with, it is necessary to take into account the stability of thermal insulation to external aggressive factors. The best insulation for the roof and the front of the building throughout the entire period of operation must maintain its original size and structure. Insulation have resistance to such effects as sharp temperature fluctuations, moisture enter changing freezing and thawing cycles.

2. The second requirement is the low indicators of hygroscopicity. The term "hygroscopicity" itself indicates the ability of the material to absorb moisture. The moisture in the structure of the insulation reduces the thermal insulation properties of products, contributes to the formation of fungi and mold, increases the weight of a particular element.

3. Third requirement - low thermal conductivity, the possibility of hermetic docking of adjacent parts. Products having low thermal conductivity retain heat indoors in winter. In addition, an effective insulation for the roof of the attic will create coolness in the summer season.

4. And the last but important requirement is safety during operation. To insulate the roof from the inside, and also to wash the frontoth need elements of elevated fire safety. Such products should not be ignited when exposed to high temperatures and maintain the combustion process. Another important point - thermal insulation materials must be absolutely safe for human health, do not cause allergies and other diseases.

If you do not know, the better to insulate the roof of the house, spend the heat engineering calculation and calculate the thickness of thermal insulation products. This parameter is selected by climatic conditions for a particular region. For example, in the middle band of Russia it is desirable to arrange a thermal insulation layer of a minimum thickness of 15 centimeters. At the same time, the joints between adjacent products should be overlapped by the next plates.

Varieties of materials for mansard insulation

Mineral

This datent includes products with a fibrous structure, they fall into construction stores in the form of rolls or plates and are called mineral (basalt or stone) cotton wool. The main types of raw materials for obtaining similar elements are the waste of glass industry and metallurgy. Stone wool is obtained from a solid stone, by melting, it has a fibrous structure. Such material has excellent heat and sound insulation characteristics, is not amazed by rot and mold, withstands high temperatures within 900 degrees.

Stoves and rollers of stone wool are characterized by a soft structure, so they are used for the insulation of the attic from the inside. The thermal conductivity of this thermal insulation is in the range of 0.4 W / m, but this value can increase by twice after the moisture in the structure of the material. So that it did not happen, mineral wool is protected from dampness by fixing the vaporizolation and waterproofing film.

Thermal insulation materials based on polymers

Not everyone knows which it is better to use the material for the insulation of the fronton and the roof from the inner and outdoor side. Experienced builders recommend to apply polystyrene foam or foaming for this purpose. Such a method is used for the insulation of old civil buildings. The described technology has several advantages:

• Small mass. Each of the plates of foam weighs several dozen grams, which reduces the load on the bearing walls and the roof design.
• Such products have minimal hygroscopicity. The surface of the polystyrene foam pushes moisture, so the mold and fungus does not appear on it. The lack of moisture in the structure is the lack of destruction during freezing and thawing the fluid, the preservation of the initial properties of the insulation. On the question of what a heater to choose for the fronton is one answer - foam.
• The products under consideration, except for increased thermal insulation characteristics, do not conduct sound. In this regard, the foam is considered an indispensable material for finishing civil buildings that are located near the motorway. The polystyrene foam will reduce the noise of the roof rain covered with a professional flooring or metal tile.
• Another beneficial property of the products described is refractory. Plates are not lit, but melted under the influence of fire.
• An important characteristic of foam is the simple installation of plates on smooth surfaces. The consumer can choose the insulation of the necessary thickness and install it with his own hands. Such products can be quickly cut with a hand saw or a sharp knife.

The main disadvantage of the material under consideration is fragility, its structure is destroyed with minor mechanical stages. A similar problem can be solved by the use of high strength and density products (extruded polystyrene foam) or foamizol. The latter blossoms between the rafters on a pre-laid polyethylene film.

Thermal insulation of the attic with the help of natural components

People who are responsible about their own health are trying to understand what a heater for the attic roof is better. In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to natural products that are made from fibers of such crops as flax or cannabis.

Equata is quite expensive, in its composition there are up to 12% of antiseptics (additives that prevent rotting processes) and 7% antipirin (minimize the effects of fire). The technical characteristics of natural thermal insulation materials are as follows:

• The thermal conductivity indicators are the most minimal among all described types of insulation - 0.032 W \\ m;
• The degree of saturation of moisture in such products is almost 2 times less than in mineral wool or glass gamble;
• Natural insulation have the second class of flammability. According to this indicator, they are significantly inferior to stoneware;
• Equouth has a loose structure, its density reaches 75 grams per square meter;
• Another important advantage of natural thermal insulation materials is considered a high degree of sound absorption.

According to experienced builders, the ecological wool occupies the first line of the ranking among insulation for mansard of frame, bruschers and log buildings. It is perfectly combined with a tree, its use can reduce 30% of the family budget for heating.

High-quality insulation of the attic roof, due to a decrease in the heat loss of the room through the roof, which reach 50-55% of the general heat loss, makes it possible to make a attic floor comfortable for year-round accommodation.

This article will consider all types of the most sought-after thermal insulation materials. We compare their technical characteristics to find out which thermal insulation is suitable for the insulation of the attic with their own hands best and is it worth buying?

1 Requirements for the insulation of the attic

Mansards, as a rule, represent completely wooden structures formed from wall-partitions mounted on wooden beams adjacent to the roof, and the roof itself.

The roof is one or two-story private house, in most cases it is performed on the scope technology. The carrier frame, is made of wooden rafters, and is covered with a slate or similar roofing material.

You do not need to be a construction specialist in order to understand that thermal insulation has a very bad attic. None of the materials used in its construction do not have a sufficiently low thermal conductivity, moreover, due to the absence of monolithic, the attic roof is characterized by drafts and constant air purging.

In order to reduce the heat loss of attic, protect the room from drafts and make it comfortable for regular accommodation it is necessary to warm the roof with a qualitatively.

In fact, the requirements that must be answered for the insulation of the attic at, are practically identical to the fact that they are put forward to the thermal insulation of a conventional shelf, but there are several important differences.

Since the attic is a residential premises, with the help of thermal insulation, it is necessary to give those characteristics that it suffers from structural features. We are talking about sound insulation.

Thin roofing materials used to create a roof have almost zero noise reduction. This problem is especially felt if your house is located near the automotive track, or the railway.

In such cases, it is better to choose materials with good sound insulation properties. The data of the criteria is not bad for the mineral wool, the sound insulation index of which is about 55 dB, which allows it to effectively cope with the noise spreading through the air.

The insulation of the roof of the attic materials with sound insulation properties allows you to kill two hares at once - improve the temperature regime in the room, and increase acoustic comfort.

2 Types of thermal insulation materials

The analysis of the thermal insulation materials presented in the market indicates that only three types of insulation are fully answered all the above requirements:

• Foam insulation - liquid foams and foamed on;
• Mineral wool insulation;
• Insulation from extruded polystyrene foam.

We will understand which of these materials it is better to choose to heat the roof of the attic.

2.1 Extruded expanded polystyrene foam

Heat-insulating materials based on extruded polystyrene foam are the most popular insulation in the market, due to the optimal value ratio and functional characteristics.

The traditional strong side of polystyrene foam insulation is the low thermal conductivity coefficient, which is 0.03 W / MK, which is about 0.005 W / MK better than mineral wool.

In practice, this advantage is manifested in the fact that for a similar insulation efficiency, extruded polystyrene foam is needed a thinner layer of material than when insulation of the Minvata, as a result of which the insulation will not eat a lot of free space.

One of the key advantages of extruded expanded polystyrene is almost zero hydrophobicity. Such insulation does not absorb water that a positive effect affects its durability, as the moisture is the main enemy of any thermal insulation - when the water set in the insulation, the mold is started, and it is rapidly destroyed in the process of rotting.

Also, the water set is fraught with the fact that the mass of thermal insulation increases, and, as a result, the load on the roof of the attic grows. Since the roof frame is usually performed from wooden rafters with limited strength characteristics, high load on them is recommended to avoid.

The minimum weight of the extruded polystyrene foam is the low load on the carrier structures of the roof of the attic - the mass of one insulation plate with a density of 31 kg / m3 is about 500 grams as.

The polystyrene foam insulation is mostly manufactured in the form of plates, which greatly simplifies work with this material. It can be combined with a roof of the attitude of the attic roof with a slab insulation with their own hands, without any additional help.

The main manufacturer of extruded polystyrene foam in the domestic market is the Penoplex company. The penplex, in addition to the roof of the attic, you can insulate the walls and the floor of the room.

Warming of the roof of the attic of the extruded polystyrene foam "Termitite

Directions "Roof" plates are intended directly for the roof, consider their technical characteristics.

• The coefficient of thermal conductivity: 0.03 V / MK;
• Moisture absorption with a full immersion in water for 24 hours - 0.4% of the total volume (the insulation is not inclined to the further set of moisture, when immersed for 28 days, water absorption does not exceed 0.5%);
• Parry permeability coefficient: 0.013 mg / m * h * Pa;
• Class of flammability - g3 (normally combustible material);
• Module of elasticity - 15 MPa;
• Resistance to compression with linear deformation by 10% - 0.25 MPa;
• Sound insulation index - 23 dB like.

The plates of the fasteners are 120 * 60 centimeters, and their thickness can be from 2 to 15 cm.

In general, it can be concluded that the deplex of the roof of the attic is better to warm in the case when you need a relatively inexpensive material, an insulation with good thermal insulation characteristics with your own hands.

2.2 Mineral Vata.

Not bad material for the insulation of the attic roof with their own hands is the Ministry of Service. There are three main types of mineral wool insulation:

• Stone wool - produced by forming threads from molten basalt rocks;
• Glass wool - made of composhable glass;
• Slag wool - produced from a domain slag, which is a waste of the metallurgical industry;

The price, as well as the technical characteristics of these materials, are very different.

Specifications of mineral wool insulation:

• The thermal conductivity coefficient, W / MK: slag (sewn) - 0.045, glass gamble (SV) - 0.04, basalt wool (BV) - 0.035;
• Moisture absorption in 24 hours from the volume: sew - 1.9%, St. - 1.7%, BV - 0.09%;
• Temperature range without loss of characteristics of the insulation: SC - up to 250, bv - up to 450, BV - up to 600 degrees;
• All materials are consistent with the Clamp of NG (non-combustible as).

Insulation, if you allow finance, it is better to perform basalt wool ("Tekhnonikol") - of all the options it has minimal thermal conductivity and high durability, the glass wool will also fit well (Ursa), its characteristics are not very different from the stone wool, however 20-25% lower.

Shelot to insulate the roof of the attic is better not to use. In a similar price category, preference should be given to conventional foam, or insulate the same penplex that is a bit more expensive, but more efficient.

2.3 Foamed insulation

Foam thermal insulation materials according to the type of liquid foamizol, or foamed polyurethane foam - a visual example of how to be a high-quality insulation for the roof of the attic.

Such materials do not have a serious load on the carrying roof structures, as they have a minimum weight, they have the lowest thermal conductivity of all insulation present in the market, and a considerable list of advantages, but there is one thing. It is "but" lies in the high cost of foam insulation.

For work on the thermal insulation of the roof of the foamed polyurethane foam you will have to pay about 350 rubles per square meter of the surface, liquid foaming is about 200 rubles / m2, this is not given the value of the material itself.

At the same time, it is impossible to make such thermal insulation due to the fact that for the production of a foam insulation requires special equipment, and to use a foam selling in small cylinders for full thermal insulation, as it will increase the total cost of the project.

In general, if your financial capabilities do not limit the selection of the material that insulation will be performed, the preference should be given to foam insulation, namely foamed polyurethane foam.

2.4 Technology insulation of the roof of the attic with their own hands (video)