You will need:

Hand needle;

Sequence of work:

1. Thread the needle, make a small knot. Do not turn the product inside out. Thread the needle through the hole inside out of the knit and leave a knot there.

2. Begin to sew up the hole, grabbing one or the other of its edges in turn. Proceed as shown in the diagram.

3. When you have finished sewing, pull the thread. Pull until the thread goes into the seam, making it invisible from the right side, but not pulling the seam. You can always stretch the seam to the sides to straighten the thread a little. Pull the needle inside out and secure the thread.

More clearly - in the video:

2. How to sew up a burst line with a blind seam: a master class

In this case, the blind seam from the previous life hack is also used. A detailed master class on how to perform this seam,.

The method is suitable for repairing a burst or torn machine line where it is not very convenient to sew a hole from the inside out. For example, you can sew a hole in the lining, in the inner pocket, and so on. By the way, the same seam can be used to repair a torn-off hem of a trousers or skirt.

You will need:

Hand needle;

Sequence of work:

Follow the seam as shown in the photo or in the diagram from the life hack above. At the end, carefully secure the thread.

More clearly - in the video:

3. How to sew a small hole on knitted knitwear: a master class

We have already written about how to discreetly sew up a small hole in thin knitwear (master class with video). The same master class is about how to repair thicker knitwear, for example, knitted sweater, pullover, sweater. In the same way, you can sew a thick knitted sock or any knitted thing.

You will need:

Thin threads in the color of the thing;

Hand needle.

Sequence of work:

1. Turn the thing inside out. Thread the needle. Begin to cast small stitches across the direction of the threads in the knit. Move up and down, threading all the way to the end of the hole.

2. Now with the same stitches, go perpendicularly along the direction of the knit threads. With each movement of the needle, weave it with padded stitches, and grab some of the material to be repaired.

3. As a result, the work should look from the inside out, as in the photo below. Secure the thread with a few small, neat stitches and cut the thread. Ready.

Photo and source: blacksprucehound.com

4. How to raise the loops and sew a hole in the knitwear near the seam: a master class

Such a hole near the seam is a fairly common occurrence. This masterclass is about gently lifting buttonholes and repairing a sweater.

You will need:

The hook is the right size;

Threads, in thickness, color and composition, are suitable for the repaired knitwear;

Safety pin.

Sequence of work:

1. Hook up the escaped hinges one at a time.

2. Raised chains can be secured with a safety pin so that they do not run away again.

3. Having picked up all the escaped chains of loops, close them with a crochet, successively pulling one loop through the other.

4. Secure the last buttonhole with a needle and thread.

5. Use the same thread to carefully sew up the hole.

5. How to raise the loops and sew a hole in the knitted fabric: a master class

For repairing knitted knitted items, it is good to use a knitted stitch - especially inconspicuous work is obtained if you have the threads from which the item is made. A knitted seam is good when the hole has arisen not due to abrasion, but, for example, due to a catch, when the thread in the knitted fabric is pulled out and torn.

You will need:

A hook of a suitable size (if you need to lift the escaped loops);

Well-fitting threads;

Sequence of work:

1. Crochet the escaped loops.

2. Thread the needle and start to collect the loops as shown in the pictures. A contrasting thread is specially taken here so that the principle of operation is clear.

3. After collecting all the loose loops, pull the thread to the wrong side. Secure it by passing it between the loops of the material, as shown in the photo. Bring the pieces of the torn thread to the wrong side too.

Photo and source: tashamillergriffith.com

6. How to mend a hole: three ways

Darning is a classic repair method. Helps with holes in knitwear and fabrics. The degree of invisibility of the repair depends on the size of the hole, the material itself (it is very difficult to make an invisible darning on silk or other delicate fabric) and skill. Most often, darning is used to repair things in less visible places. But it performs its main function - getting rid of the hole.

You will need:

Threads in the color of the fabric;

Hand needle;

- "fungus" or other darning device.

Here is a diagram of the classic darning stitch:

Before starting work, you can run the thread around the hole so as not to stretch the material with the darning. In the process of work, you can not touch this thread and then pull it out.

Special darning for jerseys:

First, the auxiliary threads are pulled with a thin thread, then darning is put along them with a thread suitable for the canvas being repaired.

Another option for darning knitwear:

First, the threads are laid along the threads of the canvas, then darning is performed.

Ceiling defects cannot be called a rarity; they are found both in new buildings and in old houses. Most often, the owners of a living space are faced with a problem in the form of a hole in the ceiling, so you should study in more detail how to eliminate such a defect.

Reasons for the formation of a hole in the ceiling

Ceiling defects in the form of a hole arise for the following reasons:

• As a result of flooding or damage by the fungus, plaster falls in certain areas. A layer of plaster can fall off if its thickness is more than 5 cm. This happens even when using modern materials. This problem can be prevented by applying the plaster mixture in several layers with the obligatory laying of a reinforcing mesh.
• As a result of the formation of cracks between the floor slabs, plaster delamination can also occur. Even a minor crack can be the reason for this.
• The hole can be formed by the destruction of the cement plug in the hole for communication systems, for example, for heating risers, sewers and plumbing systems. Constant changes in the temperature of the hot water riser can cause condensation to form, which destroys the grout used to seal the hole.
• A hole in the ceiling can form during the replacement of the riser of communication systems. In this case, the task of how to close the hole in the ceiling near the pipe becomes relevant.
• In addition, a hole can form in the stretch ceiling structure if carelessness is shown when moving large objects. Panels made of plastic or gypsum practically do not tolerate mechanical stress.
• A hole in the false ceiling may appear at the junction of structural elements with the walls.

Ways to fix holes in the ceiling

In search of solutions to the question of how to fix the hole in the ceiling, the type of ceiling structure should be taken into account.

The question of how to fix the hole in the cassette-type ceiling can be solved very simply, it is enough to replace the damaged cassette. Elements of this design are inexpensive and are sold in almost all hardware stores. If it is not possible to purchase the necessary element, then you can put a lamp or a ventilation grill in this place. In addition, it is possible to replace more than one damaged panel, but several elements, creating a pattern of plates in a contrasting color.

Damaged PVC panels are more difficult to replace, but in this case there is also the possibility of doing the work yourself. If such a situation arises, it is necessary to dismantle several panels due to the peculiarities of their fastening.

Sealing gaps between the ceiling and walls

If, during the operation of the plasterboard ceiling, a gap has formed between the structure and the wall, then to resolve the issue of how to seal the hole in the ceiling, you must perform the following steps:

• The edge of the plasterboard sheet adjacent to the wall is trimmed at an angle of 45 degrees.
• Fill the joint with a gypsum-based filler and dry thoroughly.
• Next, the putty is treated with sandpaper and the seam is secured with paper tape with an adhesive side.

If a gap has formed between a concrete floor slab and a brick plastered wall, then the following measures are assumed:

• The resulting gap is expanded to 1 cm.
• Cover with a special primer with a brush. It is best to use concrete contact or its analogue in this case.
• Next, the gap is filled with a plaster or acrylic putty.
• Lay a serpentine tape over the putty to strengthen the seam, trying to press the material into the putty mixture.
• The corner is leveled with a spatula and left to dry completely.
• The repaired area is treated with fine sandpaper.

How to repair a hole from a piece of plaster that has fallen out

If, for some reason, a hole is formed in the ceiling from the fallen out plaster, then you can use several methods.

There is an easier way to solve the problem than to cover up the hole in the ceiling, it is simply covered with putty. However, there is no certainty that such a problem will not arise again.

For this reason, it is best to use the more time consuming but reliable option. It assumes the following actions:

• Before filling a large hole in the ceiling, the hole is treated with an antiseptic solution, which prevents the formation of fungus.
• Then the working area is covered with a layer of deep penetration primer. As a result of this measure, the surface around the hole is strengthened and the degree of adhesion of the putty to the base increases.
• The primer is dried and putty is applied to the problem area. It is best to perform the last action 2-3 times, while each layer should be well dried.
• At the end, the treated area is sanded and covered with a primer again.

Elimination of cracks between floor slabs

If a gap appears between the concrete slabs of the ceiling, then it is recommended to do the following:

• The seam between the plates is cleaned, trying to remove the old putty as much as possible.
• Before filling the hole in the ceiling, the work area is covered with a layer of primer and dried well.
• Fill the gap with putty, and stick the serpentine tape.
• Putty is again applied on top of the reinforcing material and also dried well.
• The dried surface is sanded, the formed dust is removed and covered with a primer.

If cracks form on the ceiling without a gap between the plates, then it is recommended to glue the problem area with a serpentine tape, cover it with a thin layer of putty and cover with a primer.

Hole around the riser

A hole around the risers of communication systems is not formed so often, but you still need to know the solution to such a problem.

In this case, the filling of holes in the ceiling is carried out as follows:

• A small gap, up to 0.5 cm wide, can be filled with silicone sealant. This material is characterized by good ductility, therefore, it will not hinder the thermal expansion of pipes.
• If there are large openings, the work becomes somewhat more complicated. In this case, before sealing the hole in the ceiling, additional reinforcement is required, for example, welding electrodes. Further actions involve filling the hole with polyurethane foam in several layers. The surplus of frozen foam is cut off with a knife and sealed with putty. If the problem occurs in a dry room, then you can take a plaster-based material. Otherwise, it is recommended to use an acrylic filler.

In conclusion, it can be noted that you can do the sealing of a hole in the ceiling, regardless of the cause of the occurrence, with your own hands. Moreover, the work is available even for a home craftsman without experience, if he knows how to cover up holes in the ceiling.

Holes or crevices may appear in any walls over time. The appearance of such defects is considered commonplace. Very often they can appear during the installation and repair of heating systems, air conditioners, as a result of rearranging furniture and much more. When preparing surfaces for further finishing, you have to beat off old and unnecessary plaster, so fragments are possible that need to be restored. In addition, cracks appear on any concrete during operation sooner or later.

You can come up with many ways to disguise damaged areas: cover with a picture, wallpaper, and much more. But this will not solve the problem itself - the hole will remain. In order to close up defects in the wall, you do not need the help of masters, everyone can do all this independently.

Reasons for the formation of cracks in the wall

The appearance of cracks can not only spoil the appearance of the room, but also become a serious problem for the functioning of the entire building. One of the most common causes of defects is uneven shrinkage of a structure. This often happens when the load on the walls is not properly distributed or the soil is compacted of poor quality during the construction phase. If the structure is strongly beveled, then the cracks should be repaired only after the causes of such shrinkage have been eliminated and its base has been strengthened. With strong displacements, there is a threat of collapse of walls and ceilings.

The cause of cracks can be climatic conditions: sudden temperature changes, exposure to sunlight or wind. Joints between internal and external walls on the uppermost floors of a building and stairwells are especially at risk.

Elimination of cracks is carried out by introducing a cement mortar into the open cavity.

Concrete undergoes drying over time, so various defects may appear on it. They can occur both on the facades of the building and inside. Through holes appear most often in reinforced concrete structures.

Damage restoration methods

There are several ways to repair damage to the wall. The method and scope of the repair depends entirely on the size of the defect. If the holes remain after removing unnecessary nails or screws, then it will be enough to apply a putty or other cement-containing material.

For deep and large cracks, more serious measures are needed. Such holes often occur after replacing heating systems or electrical wires and sockets. Usually, cement or plaster of paris has to be used to repair serious defects.

The specifics of the work on the restoration of concrete walls depends on the scale of the problem, but the set of tools will be needed almost the same for all cases. To clean surfaces, you need to stock up on a dry brush or a household vacuum cleaner. When filling cracks with polyurethane foam, it is necessary to prepare a knife to cut off excess material.

In order to seal the hole with putty or cement mortar, you will need narrow and wide spatulas. They are convenient to cover up problem areas. In case of large damage, as well as to give strength, a reinforcing tape is required. It is covered with a cement compound and becomes a full-fledged component of the wall, which will protect it from repeated destruction.

Do not forget about the final stage of wall restoration. To grout the surface, prepare a fine-grained sandpaper.

Before covering up the hole, it is necessary to widen it with a long screwdriver in order for the repair mixture to penetrate as deeply as possible. After that, it should be cleaned of cement dust. This can be done with a vacuum cleaner or any dry brush.

Training

The entire surface is thoroughly wetted with water using a spray bottle or foam sponge. Do not neglect this work to prepare the hole. Moistening will not allow the putty mixture to quickly give water to the concrete wall.

Next, you should put a layer of gauze cloth and glue it to a damp surface. After a few minutes, it is necessary to start filling the defective area. The solution is applied and rubbed thoroughly into the hole.

After the mixture has dried, everything is cleaned with sandpaper, which has a fine-grained surface. The final stage of filling the holes is painting the place to be repaired or wallpapering it.

Repair of serious damage

The initial stage of this work is generally similar to the preparatory stage of filling small holes. Previously, the entire damaged surface of the wall is cleaned of stones, dust, sand and moistened with water. Instead of water, the surface is often treated with a sealant. The hole is then filled with bricks or stones, which are mixed with cement mortar. This design will save bonding material and strengthen the repair site.

Work with concrete mix

The concrete mixture is prepared in the following proportions: for 1 part of cement, three parts of fine sand are added. Instead, a special repair mix or plaster is often used.

This material can be bought at any hardware store. It is a dry cement powder that should be diluted with water and set to work. Strong and dense in structure, the composition allows high-quality repair of large chips in a concrete wall. You should wait until it grasps with the concrete.

After the restoration material hardens and dries to eliminate defects, the entire surface is putty, then rubbed with a spatula. The voids should be carefully covered and leveled. It is necessary to leave everything until it dries completely. This usually takes up to 12 hours.

After that, surface treatment of the walls is carried out. First, the places to be restored are carefully sanded with sandpaper, then the facing work is carried out: pasting or painting of the treated places.

Sealing deep cracks in the wall

Very often, in the process of formation and shrinkage of the house, the seams between the panels can disperse or deep cracks appear. The restoration of these damages will not cause serious problems.

The easiest way is to seal them with polyurethane foam. It is supplied in aerosol cans that allow for quick and easy repair of such defects. Foam perfectly fills empty spaces and penetrates deeply into the most difficult to reach crevices. The material adheres perfectly to various surfaces, expands and hardens in a matter of minutes when interacting with air. When using polyurethane foam, a good result is guaranteed in removing deep holes and cracks.

Preparatory activities

Before starting the restoration, it is imperative to prepare the surface from which further work will be carried out. The gap is cleared of debris, concrete fragments, dust and dirt. Then everything is wetted with water.

Before applying the polyurethane foam, the can is shaken thoroughly for about a minute so that its contents become homogeneous. During operation, the container should be placed vertically in an upside-down position. This is necessary because of the gas inside, it is lighter than foam, therefore it displaces its cylinder.

It is recommended to fill the cracks from the bottom up. If the damage is too deep and severe, the polyurethane foam should be applied in layers, each of which is laid after the previous one has completely dried. This method allows you to properly seal the open cavity and dry the material.

After filling the crack, do not touch the wet polyurethane foam with your hands. Any touch can affect its structure and slow down the hardening process. You should be patient and wait until the material is completely dry.

The final step will be to remove excess polyurethane foam using an ordinary knife. Then the surface should be sealed with a putty. Alignment is done with sandpaper.

Don't worry about remaining holes or cracks in the wall. Any defect, no matter how large it may be, is simple and easy to repair with your own hands without outside help.

The most important prerequisite for a high-quality restoration is strict adherence to all recommendations.