It is difficult to imagine a modern kitchen without such a necessary thing as an exhaust hood. This device removes unwanted odors and does an excellent job of removing dirt.

A kitchen exhaust hood is essential to remove unpleasant odors

What is the hood for?

The kitchen is one of the most frequently visited places in the apartment. During the cooking process, a huge amount of steam, fat, soot, and gas residues are released. All this is capable of settling on furniture and household appliances in the form of stains that are difficult to clean off. Among other things, the resulting compounds penetrate the respiratory tract, causing a lot of unpleasant sensations, and create favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.

The hood hood is located over any hob, in a domestic environment, usually over kitchen stoves. The exhaust hood can work in two modes: collecting air contaminated with various impurities, sends it to the general ventilation system or returns it back through filtration. But still, fresh air, free from harmful substances, is delivered back to the kitchen.

What is a household umbrella

Depending on the interior of the kitchen and the location of the stove, there are two types of ventilation hoods: a wall hood and a central exhaust hood, which is located directly above surfaces that are far from the walls. The principle of operation of both types is the same, but the central (remote) differs in a more complex device of the filtration system.

In many cases, the canopy canopy is made of stainless steel

The main design of the hood-hood is a metal dome, most often made of stainless steel, inside it has several categories of cleaning filters:

• aluminum grids that trap large particles protect the turbine from contamination;
• acrylic porous filter effectively collects fatty vapor, requires regular replacement;
• carbon filter - the basis of cleaning, has different shapes and types, suitable for specific models, retains all fine particles, needs periodic replacement;
• if the ventilation hood is placed over an open flame, it is additionally equipped with a spark arrestor mesh.

The turbine - the "heart" of the hood, provides a correct and even air duct, does not allow polluted air to return to the room.

Many hoods and umbrellas are equipped with lights built directly into the dome. It is possible to use different types of lamps: diode, halogen, incandescent lamps.

By what parameters to choose a device

Having decided on the purchase, you need to choose the right exhaust hood for the kitchen. What to look for when buying:

1. In what mode does the work take place. Through-flow hoods capture air in the room and bring it out into the general ventilation. This type of work is more efficient, the return of unfiltered air is prevented by special valves. However, this method is more difficult to install. Hoods operating in a circular method are based on the return of air that has passed through many filters and cleaned of the smallest particles back into the room. They are used when it is impossible to connect to general ventilation. Such devices are easy to use, they are easy to install with your own hands, but they require regular filter replacement.
2. The type of hood according to its location. Wall-mounted are used in standard apartment buildings, where the hob is most often attached to the wall. This is a fairly convenient type, since ventilation is easily accessible. The central one is used when taking out the exhaust hood at a certain distance from the walls.
3. Panel width. According to certain standards, the dome of the ventilation hood should not easily match the dimensions of the kitchen stove, but protrude 10–12 cm beyond it. This allows you to better capture air and clean the room.
4. How modes are switched. Mechanical control involves the use of buttons. Electronic is carried out by touch control or from the remote control.
5. Design in harmony with the overall style of the kitchen.

Self-installation

The installation of the hood umbrella can be entrusted to professionals who specialize in such orders, or you can do it yourself. First of all, you need to carefully study the attached instructions, carefully take measurements, outline the plan and scope of work. An important condition is the observance of the distance from the working surface of the stove to the hood, for gas burners - at least 70 cm, for electric stoves - at least 60 cm.

A screwdriver is required to install the hood

Installation of the hood does not require special tools, it is enough to have: a tape measure, a level, a drill, a screwdriver or a screwdriver, a hammer, dowels and self-tapping screws. Most often, corrugated air ducts are used for the hood, which are connected with one end to the device, and the other is led out into the ventilation hole. If a plastic air duct is used, it is supplemented with special nozzles, and loose joints are filled with silicone sealant.

An important point when connecting any electrical appliance is grounding. In the presence of a common house grounding loop and European standard sockets, the problem disappears, but if there are none, it is better to seek help from a person who has knowledge in this matter.

Filter maintenance and replacement

The hood does a tremendous job every day, so it is necessary to clean the umbrella not only outside, but also inside. This applies to aluminum grates - the first stage of air purification, where grease, soot and dirt accumulate in large quantities. The instructions for users always contain the necessary information about what means can be used when cleaning the device, you should not neglect this information.

In addition to special products, the following are very popular: soda paste, 72% laundry soap dissolved in water, acetic acid diluted 1: 2. Lattice filters need this treatment every quarter.

More delicate carbon filters cannot be cleaned, but replaced with new ones, and the service life depends on the manufacturer's brand. On average, replacement is done every 4-6 months. How to change the charcoal filter with your own hands:

• disconnect the device from the power supply;
• remove filters - grilles;
• remove the cartridge with the carbon filter;
• a slight click should be heard when a new cassette is inserted correctly;
• cleaned grates are returned to their place;
• the device is connected to the network to check, if there is no extraneous noise, the filter is installed correctly.

As you can see, it is not easy to supplement your interior with a kitchen hood, but you can take the right step in maintaining your health. It is important to take a responsible approach to the selection of the device and its maintenance.

In areas related to food preparation, large emissions of steam, grease, combustion products, etc. occur. To prevent their spread to other rooms and to purify the air from them, exhaust hoods are often used. Next, we will consider what these devices are, their types and features.

Installation of kitchen exhaust systems

Any room has a ventilation system that provides an inflow of fresh air and an outflow of contaminated air. However, for food preparation areas, such ventilation is not enough, because emissions, before entering the general system, spread throughout the room and mix with a clean one.

Therefore, in the food industry and in domestic kitchens, local ventilation is usually used, the main element of which is a ventilation hood. Most often it is a domed structure that is connected to a general ventilation system.

The umbrellas of ventilation systems are made of galvanized sheet steel so that when hot air enters the box, oxidation and even greater air pollution do not occur.

The entire structure, as a rule, consists of several basic elements:

• Box- is the main product, since it prevents the spread of emissions throughout the entire space of the room, and also acts as a housing for other parts.
• Filters- as a rule, all models are necessarily equipped with a grease trap. In addition, they can have additional filtration systems.
• Fan- forcibly sucks polluted air into the box. I must say that it is not available in all devices. For example, if the structure is connected to forced exhaust ventilation, then it may not.
• Air duct- the channel through which the polluted air enters the ventilation system from the box. The diameter of the duct can be different: 110–150 mm. In addition, there are square and rectangular ducts.

Note!
When working with an open flame, the product must be equipped with a flame extinguishing filter.

Depending on the type of device, the design may have some nuances. For example, recuperative ventilation hoods do not have an air duct, since they are not connected to general ventilation. The air in such devices is finely cleaned and goes back into the room.

Thus, the principle of operation of the structure is quite simple - polluted air is sucked into the hood, it is cleaned there to prevent it, and then it is discharged outside through the air ducts.

Views

All existing kitchen umbrellas differ in several ways:

Household and industrial hoods

An industrial ventilation hood is in many ways similar to household hoods.

The difference is only in a few points, such as:

• Size - industrial devices are much larger, as they cover the area of ​​industrial furnaces.
• The fan power is much higher.
• Filters - industrial hoods have special grease traps, from which the settled impurities drain into a special glass. Such a drive must be periodically emptied and washed with soapy water. Household appliances, as a rule, have paper and fibrous disposable filters.

I must say that the difference between industrial and household hoods is sometimes not very pronounced. For example, in cottages, devices are often installed that are very similar in their characteristics to industrial hoods.

Note!
The price of these products mainly depends on the fan power, dimensions and the availability of additional functions.

Installation methods

As mentioned above, there are two types of hoods according to the installation method:

• Island ventilation umbrellas - suspended from the ceiling. Often they are installed above kitchen stoves located in the middle of the room. As a rule, such devices contain several rows of filters.
• Wall-mounted - as you might guess from the name, they are mounted to the wall. Such structures are often installed above kitchen stoves located near the wall. It is quite simple to install such a hood with your own hands.

Note!
When installing the hood above the stove, according to GOST for the hoods of ventilation systems, it must be at least 100 mm larger than the hood.
This will avoid the release of harmful substances into the environment.

Here, perhaps, are all the main differences between local exhaust installations, knowing which, you can choose the most suitable device for a particular case.

Output

Exhaust hoods are widely used in everyday life and in the food industry, as they provide high-quality removal of polluted air. In addition, the instructions for their operation and maintenance are extremely simple. The main thing is to choose the right device for each individual case, especially for industrial devices.

From the video in this article, you can gather some additional information on this topic.

In rooms where a lot of steam, fat and combustion by-products are thrown into the air mass (and this is most often a kitchen), it is necessary to clean the air in a timely manner. To completely absorb the harmful vapors that pollute the air mass, exhaust hoods are installed over the sources of unpleasant emissions.
These devices perform the function of timely air purification in catering establishments, in kitchens, canteens, restaurants and supermarkets, in the premises of chemical plants.

Internal organization

An exhaust hood is a hood-shaped metal box that is connected through an air duct to a ventilation system. But its functionality is significantly increased if its design includes a grease filter, which cleans the air mass from oily contaminants and fatty impurities. Most often, an exhaust hood without a fan is sold. Models with a spark arresting grate, designed for installation above an open flame, have positive responses.

The hood removes heated exhaust air and impurities from the room, but does not provide enough fresh air mass. Therefore, it is recommended to install the structure only where the inflow of fresh air comes in independently of the device. It is necessary to correctly calculate so that the volumes of the extracted and supplied air are the same, only then comfortable conditions will be provided in the room.

There are also supply and exhaust hoods on sale, which not only remove exhaust air, but also pump new air. Hot air has a low density and rises to the top, and cold air mass comes to replace it.

The material from which these devices are made is stainless food steel, therefore, when hot air enters the inner walls of the case, oxidation does not occur. Benefits of stainless steel:

1. resistance to corrosive processes;
2. durability;
3. fire resistance;
4. ease of care;
5. resistance to moisture and steam.

The body seams are treated with argon welding, therefore they are characterized by increased strength. The main element of the metal structure is the grease trap.

An exhaust hood for an air duct consists of two parts:

The principle of operation is simple. Air mass with particles of grease, soot and soot enters the filter device. Here, the air hits the internal filter bridges with force and is purified (upon impact, the by-products of combustion and the air mass itself breaks up into parts).

After purifying the air, fatty compounds in liquid form slowly settle and move through the drain channel to the receiving tank, which is located at the bottom of the device. After completion of work, this container is emptied and thoroughly washed with an anti-grease agent. So that next time the glass is washed faster, 4-5 drops of detergent are poured into it in advance. Filters and reservoir plugs are removable for ease of use and can be easily removed, cleaned and re-installed.

Exhaust hood classification

Depending on the scope of application, exhaust hoods are divided into two types:

• household.

These are two separate concepts, but the difference between their internal structure is small. Industrial hoods in comparison with household appliances have the following features:

• large dimensions;
• high fan performance;
• use of other types of grease filters.

In household models, the dimensions are tailored to the dimensions of gas and electric stoves used in houses and apartments. True, there is practically no difference between an exhaust device working in the kitchen of a huge country house and an industrial model.

Depending on the location, exhaust hoods are:

1. Wall-mounted - simple devices that are attached directly to the load-bearing wall above the heating appliances. Filters inside such models are located in one line.
2. Island - these structures are attached directly to the ceiling on pins or chains above the equipment in the middle of the room. Such models have two rows of filtering devices.

There are also outdoor models for barbecues and barbecues, which represent an empty dome inside without additional elements.

They trap smoke, heated air and fatty impurities. The principle of their work differs from the devices, they function thanks to the umbrella-transitions, which are shaped like a cone. It is more difficult to carry out preliminary calculations for their competent installation, but they can be safely used over an open flame. But devices used indoors are more often equipped with a fan, purifiers, and a grate. There are also complex designs called an exhaust hood table, but they are not used in everyday life and at food enterprises, as they are intended for chemical laboratories.

Features of exhaust hoods

Kitchen hoods are used everywhere, since these devices are easy to maintain and operate. The main thing is not to forget to timely clean the storage tank from oily contaminants. Compliance with the rules of use and safety measures when working with such equipment will not be difficult.

Stainless steel hoods are manufactured in strict accordance with the current standards and regulations for the production of food technology. Manufacturing of exhaust hoods from quality materials is the key to their successful and safe operation in the future. Therefore, the use of this ventilation equipment is safe both for people in the room and for the atmosphere. No harmful substances are emitted during operation.

The choice of exhaust equipment is wide. On sale there are hoods for the kitchen of any color, configuration and size.

The device is selected in accordance with the style of the interior

If the presented models do not meet the client's requests, production of ventilation umbrellas is also possible to order. Many companies offer the opportunity to arrange an individual production of a ventilation structure to order according to the developed drawings.

It is important to correctly select a device with the required performance. If the device does not cope well with its functions, then there is no point in installing it at all. If the device works to its maximum, then it will fail faster, and the cost of electricity will be significant. Power is the most important characteristic of a device. For high-quality air purification in an ordinary kitchen, a device with a capacity of 500-650 m3 / h is quite enough. For catering enterprises, industrial devices with a capacity of up to 1800-1900 m3 / h are suitable.

Since at many enterprises there is a problem of the settling of oily impurities on the surfaces of devices, hoods with grease filters are deservedly popular. An exhaust hood with a grease trap works according to the following principle: the polluted air mass enters inside by self-propelled gun or with the help of a fan, where the fat settles and drains from the tank, while clean air enters the air duct. Grease filters are different:

• cassette,

• from paper.

The control system can be different: push-button, electronic, touch. The push-button control is understandable for people of all ages, but it causes a lot of inconvenience when cleaning (dust, dirt and grease collect near the buttons, which is difficult to wash). Touchpads are more practical, but not as easy to understand for older people. It is easy to care for the electronic panel: it is enough to regularly wipe its surface with a soft sponge.

Installation of exhaust hoods

There are traditional ways to install ventilation hoods:

1. Using anchors. This method is considered the easiest. But the main condition is that the wall must be load-bearing, even and solid (masonry or brickwork). Based on the length of the device, calculate the number of holes (2 or 3). Carefully and symmetrically place drilling marks on the rear vertical wall of the umbrella. Holes are drilled through which the umbrella is attracted to the wall using anchors. If the overhang is more than 100 cm long, then the device is additionally attached to the ceiling.
2. With studs. Along the four edges of the apparatus, 4 holes are drilled at the top (ears for studs are welded). The studs are pre-fixed to the ceiling. Everything is simple, but one condition must be observed - the height of the room should not exceed 4.3 meters.
3. On ropes and chains. In this way, the hood can be fixed at any height. 4 brackets are welded in the upper plane of the device. Ropes or chains are fixed to the ceiling and secured to the apparatus through a carabiner. The only drawback of this design is shakiness, this creates additional inconveniences when tying with air ducts.
4. Special support frames. Depending on the size of the umbrella, a support frame is made of a stainless steel profile with four legs, which are securely attached to the floor through plates. The device is installed on it. The design can be rectangular or square, the height is set individually. Such designs look presentable and neat. Therefore, in rooms with high ceilings and with equipment located in the middle, this option is the most optimal.

Exhaust hoods are attached not only over stoves and hobs, but also over other heat-generating appliances (grill, oven or deep fryer)

When choosing hoods, take into account the dimensions of the stove or hob over which the device will be mounted.

The device (exhaust hood above the stove) should be at least 10-15 cm wider than the stove. The mounting height above the equipment ranges from 0.7 to 1.1 m.

The location of the hood in the kitchen is determined by the location of the stove. If the equipment is located near a wall, then it is advisable to install the exhaust device on the same surface.

It is not difficult to install an exhaust umbrella with your own hands for a person who is at least a little versed in construction, repair and tools. During installation, you need to follow these instructions:

• Determine the location of the exhaust hood on the wall, taking into account all dimensions: 10 cm wider than the slab and 70-75 cm higher.
• Cover the kitchen unit with foil or paper to facilitate cleaning after completion of work.
• Take a circular saw and cut an opening in the ceiling of the required size for the duct.
• With a long drill in the center of the resulting opening, drill a hole (1 cm) - this will be the center of the duct.
• With a chalk or felt-tip pen, draw a circle on the outside of the roof, starting from the drilled hole.
• Carefully saw through the roofing and bottom sheathing.
• Place the fan for the exhaust hood in the hole sawn in the roof.
• Fasten the branch pipe and flange, fill the formed voids at the joint with sealant.
• At the bottom, fix the branch pipe with the ventilation channel.
• Connect the fan motor to a power outlet and lead the cable inside to the kitchen through the ceiling.
• Take a flexible duct and connect it to the branch pipe. Check all connections for tightness, wrap them in foil for tightness.
• Fix the brackets to the wall with screws and hang the umbrella on them.
• Connect the fan cable to the socket.

It is easy to install a household exhaust hood for the hood, and it is better to entrust the installation of dimensional models to the employees of a reliable company. The easiest way is to install an exhaust hood for a kitchen without a fan. The main thing is to adjust the umbrella closer to the chimney pipe or to the air duct, then the polluted air will be easily discharged outside.

WATCH THE VIDEO

Ventilation plant "Bastion" offers its customers quality products, manufactured on time. The company is one of the market leaders not only in St. Petersburg, but throughout Russia.

In this article we will tell you about the use of hoods in various conditions.

Principle of operation and varieties

In the kitchen of a modern housewife and in catering establishments, an exhaust ventilation hood or dome is installed. Its main task is to clean the air of the room from high humidity, odors, various impurities, the occurrence of which is associated with the cooking process.

The hood is an integral part of a high-quality indoor ventilation system. Installation takes place over sources of high temperature, in particular, over stoves, hobs, open fire. The dome removes humid hot air, unpleasant odors, as well as soot, grease, soot, dust, and chemicals.

Air purification from harmful impurities is also necessary in laboratories, in chemical and industrial industries, etc., where the production process takes place with the release of harmful substances into space, which can harm workers and the environment in general.

The umbrella is a domed structure, hence the second name - the dome. Connected to the ventilation system by an air duct. There are central (island) and wall-mounted, depending on the place of installation.

Installation of wall-mounted units is carried out directly on the wall. With a large weight, additional brackets are used for fixing. Central devices are installed directly above the work surface, without touching the walls. Island umbrellas have a large carrying capacity.

A modern dome is not only a complex device, but also a decorative element. Factory facilities allow the production of umbrellas in accordance with the general interior of the room.

There is no fundamental difference in structure between household ventilation domes used in private households and industrial ones, they are distinguished only by their size and power characteristics. Indoor umbrellas have a common structure:

• Grease filter. It can be mesh (made of a mesh with small cells) and labyrinth (a plate with grooves through which condensed fat enters a special compartment). The first type of filter is cost-effective, it is installed only in a horizontal position, it can be additionally equipped with a spark arrestor mesh, but it requires frequent cleaning. The labyrinth grease trap is installed only in an inclined position, does not require frequent washing.
• Spark arresting mesh. An obligatory element when installing ventilation domes over sources of open fire, for example, over barbecues, grills.
• Pendants. Part of a mounting system that allows the umbrella to be fixed to a wall or ceiling, distributing the weight correctly.
• Turbines. The equipment is designed to induce the movement of air masses from the room. During installation, the center of the work surface and the dome should be correctly identified in order to achieve maximum efficiency. The section of the inlet of the exhaust hood must exceed the dimensions of the slab or other equipment over which it is suspended. Suspension heights vary from 0.7 to 1.1 meters.

When choosing a manufacturer of an exhaust canopy, give preference to domestic factories, so you will be able to save your budget, and the quality of modern products from a reliable seller is confirmed by certificates and quality control.

Last year, I built myself a small workshop, which also serves as a storeroom for tools and equipment. Everything seems to be fine, but here come warm days, periodically turning into heat. And I forgot about natural ventilation. But this case is fixable. There are many options, I will describe one of them in this article.

Window and door openings serve for the natural exchange of air in the room, but it is not always convenient to keep the windows and doors wide open. An additional source of fresh air can be air ducts, or, as in my case, ventilation holes in the roof, on which umbrellas made of galvanized steel are installed, which are popularly called simply - a weather vane. We are starting to make our homemade ventilation. Correct markup is the key to success.

The umbrella should be installed so that on the back side of the roof, that is, from inside the room, the ventilation hole does not block anything: no rafters, no spacers, no lamps. If you don't understand how it works, here's a description. It is best to measure from the skate. Immediately we figured out the size from the inside, and then transferred it to the outer roof slope. Drill a hole at the measured point in order to insert the blade of the cutting tool.

From this point we will make further marking. We try on an umbrella, remove its size from the lower round part and carefully transfer it to the place of future deployment. For marking, it is advisable to use a bold marker so that the strip is clearly visible. In theory, all this must be calculated, but as a rule, in a private house, they make a middle section at random)

Considering that the roof covering consists of bituminous tiles, laid on an OSB-board, which in turn is mounted on a solid crate from a board, it is almost impossible to cut a hole with an electric jigsaw - the saw stroke will not be enough, and if it is enough, then it is very close and there is a possibility of it bend thoroughly. Since the hole has a circular cross-section, neither a circular saw, let alone a chainsaw, will make an even hole in size. Therefore, I chose a reciprocating power saw as a cutting tool. Very convenient and fast, the main thing is not to rush.

The hole is ready, you can start installing the ventilation hood. In order for the mounted vane to not have a powerful wind-blower and the wind did not hum in the empty pipe solo parts, it has an unusual shape. Its upper part is covered with a lid bent on four sides, so that one large hole is divided into four compartments. Warm air from the room will come out through all four holes, but it will blow in only one, depending on the direction of the wind. Install the section of the duct from the inside and put on the umbrella on top.

To eliminate the possibility of rain moisture entering the metal structures of the ventilation umbrella, you need to carefully lift the roof covering and push the protruding support elements of the umbrella under it.

You need to do this operation only from that part of the base of the umbrella, which is located at the top point of the roof slope. The lower part is installed directly on the roof covering.

The fact is that if you run the lower part under the roofing, then when it rains, water will accumulate in the formed barrier, and no matter how well you seal it, the water will find its way and penetrate into the room.

After installing the umbrella, we carry out its fixing. Today there are a lot of hardware products that cut off moisture, but given that my ventilation umbrella is installed in the utility room, I decided to fix it on ordinary nails. In addition, the umbrella will be exposed to wind pressure, and an ordinary nail is inherently a dowel, that is, it has a small up and down stroke, and in the event of a strong wind, the probability that the nail will cut off the head is practically zero, which cannot be said about self-tapping screws.

The last but not least is the sealing of "weak" points. These are, as a rule, joints, adjoining of one structure to another and the place of installation of fastening elements. A special sealant must be selected: heat-resistant or heat-resistant. In the summer heat, the roof heats up so that, if desired, you can fry the eggs, so the sealant must also withstand such a temperature load. Apply sealant evenly around the entire perimeter of relatively weak points.

Well, the final touch is to smear the sealant in some places with your finger. You can take a rubber spatula, but I think it's more interesting and better to do it with your finger. We have more