In Iran, where Persian is the only state language, 75 million people speak the language, for half of the citizens this language is their mother tongue.

Since the 10th century, Persian has been the language of international communication in the Islamic East. The influence of Farsi is clearly traced in the languages ​​of the peoples of the Caucasus, Central Asia, etc. The written language is based on the Arabic script. Since 1939, the Tajik version of Farsi has used Cyrillic and Latin.

In modern Persian, register speech differences operate:

• Standard Farsi is a language derived from Classical Persian. Application - literature, writing.
• Koine is a spoken version of speech based on the Tehran dialect. Polite language used in literature, cinema, songs, etc.
• Khodemuni is an informal speech, in recent years it has been transformed under the influence of koine.

History of the Persian language

Persian is one of the oldest living languages ​​on the planet, originating with the Iranian civilization long before the onset of a new era. Farsi has undergone many changes over the centuries-old history. In the development of the language, it is customary to distinguish three main periods:

• Ancient Persian is a language and writing (cuneiform) that existed in 2500 BC. e. The written monument that has come down to us is the Bekhestun rock inscription. Another legacy of that language is the Avesta.
• Middle Persian - This language has been in use since the 5th century BC. e. until the 6th century A.D. e. Aramaic script was used in the letter. The monuments of this period in the development of the language have not survived.
• New Persian - formed in the 6th century AD. A script based on Arabic script was introduced by the Arabs who conquered the Iranian empire. The Islamization of the population took place.

• Farsi is called the East. Numerous literary works have been written in Persian. The whole world knows Omar Khayyam, Rudaki, Saadi, Ferdowsi, who worked in this melodic language. Classics of Iranian literature: "Golestan", "Bustan", "Shahnameh", "Layli and Majnun".
• Persian language unites people of many nationalities inhabiting modern Iran.
• Farsi has remained practically unchanged for many centuries. People who know the modern language can easily read books written in the 10th and 11th centuries.
• Simultaneous translation from Farsi is complicated by the fact that the predicate is always at the end of a sentence.
• Written Persian uses the Arabic alphabet, supplemented with several characters to denote sounds that are absent in Arabic.
• From Old and Middle Persian, in addition to modern Persian, one of the Azerbaijani languages ​​developed - Tat, and many dialects - Larestan, Bashkardi, etc.
• There is no academic grammar for the Persian language. Classical literary language is taught based on the examples of the works of poets of ancient times.
• An interesting translation into Farsi of Gogol's "The Inspector General". In Iran, courting married women is punishable by death, so in the play the mayor's wife is replaced by another character - the eldest daughter.

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Glosbe dictionaries are unique. On Glosbe you can check not only translations into English or Persian: we also provide examples of usage by showing dozens of examples of translated sentences containing translated phrases. This is called "translation memory" and is very useful for translators. You can see not only the translation of the word, but also how it behaves in the sentence. Our translation memories come mostly from parallel corpuses that were made by humans. This translation of sentences is a very useful addition to dictionaries.

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Welcome to the Russian-Persian dictionary. Please write the word or phrase you want to check in the text box on the left.

Recent changes

Glosbe is home to thousands of dictionaries. We provide not only dictionary Russian-Persian, but dictionaries for every existing pairs of languages ​​- online and free. Visit the home page of our website to choose from the available languages.

Translation Memory

Glosbe dictionaries are unique. On Glosbe you can check not only translations into Russian or Persian: we also provide examples of usage by showing dozens of examples of translated sentences containing translated phrases. This is called "translation memory" and is very useful for translators. You can see not only the translation of the word, but also how it behaves in the sentence. Our translation memories come mostly from parallel corpuses that were made by humans. This translation of sentences is a very useful addition to dictionaries.

Statistics

Currently we have 58,209 phrases translated. We currently have 5,729,350 sentences translated

Cooperation

Help us in creating the largest Russian-Persian dictionary online. Just login and add a new translation. Glosbe is a unified project and anyone can add (or remove) translations. It makes our dictionary Persian Russian real, as it is created by native speakers people, that uses language for every day. You can also be sure that any dictionary error will be corrected quickly, so you can rely on our data. If you find an error or you can add new data, please do so. Thousands of people will be grateful for this.

You should know that Glosbe is not filled with words, but with ideas of what those words mean. Thanks to this, by adding one new translation, dozens of new translations are created! Help us develop Glosbe dictionaries and see how your knowledge is helping people around the world.

Persian (Parsis) is part of the Iranian languages ​​from the Indo-European family of languages. It appeared during the period of the Islamization of Iran, as it was conquered by the Arabs. Hence, everyone understands that the Arabic language had a significant impact on the Persian language. The Persian language is quite old, we can even say archaic, and the first writings in Persian date back to the 7th-8th centuries.

The Persian language is divided into two major dialects: Farsi and Dari. Farsi is mainly spoken in Iran and Tajikistan, while Dari is the official language in Afghanistan and is considered the western form of Persian.

For writing, the Arabic alphabet is used, to which 4 letters were added ne (پ), che (چ), same (ژ) and gaf (گ), in total 32. Previously, the Pahlavi alphabet was used, and even Latin with some changes. The Latin alphabet is the basis for the other 3 Persian alphabets: Parsa, Parsec and Persian. It was good for you to know that in Persian it is written from right to left, horizontally.

The Persian language used in daily communication is very different from the literary language used in educational institutions, as well as in the press, etc.

The organization that regulates the rules of the Persian language is the Academy of the Persian Language and Literature, founded on May 20, 1935, in Tehran. The Academy aims to study not only the Persian language, but also other Iranian languages.

It is interesting that the wording "checkmate" in chess comes from the Persian "Checkmate", which means "The king is dead". In Persia, people played chess as early as the 6th century, and over the years the game spread to Europe and the West.

In case you're wondering, over 113 million people speak and write Persian in at least 9 countries around the world. Persian is the official language of the following countries: Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. In addition to them, Persian is widely spoken in countries such as Bahrain, Kuwait, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Israel and India. Therefore, if you are going to travel to the listed countries and / or communicate with their inhabitants, but do not know Persian, keep our online translator at hand and it will help you read and write in this language.

It is also worth noting that in the free encyclopedia "Wikipedia", about 714,469 articles and 4,565,281 pages were written in Persian, which, taken together, were edited 28,390,935 times. Also, about 61,576 images and media files are uploaded here. 902,363 users worked on all this, however, only 0.57% of them are active (that is, only 5,122 people are constantly working on improving Wikipedia).

Free online translator to translate text, HTML, web pages and documents from Persian into 44 languages ​​of the world, including