An obvious fact: water is the source of life. If a person can live without food for more than a week, then without food - only a few days. Therefore, it is so important to consume enough liquid every day. High-quality water not only supports the normal course of all vital processes in the body, but also helps to cleanse our body of toxins and toxins. Such a liquid should not have any foreign taste and smell, turbidity. Unfortunately, even water from natural sources is not always of sufficient quality. In some regions this is caused by industrial pollution, in others - by natural features of the area.

Iron is one of the most common contaminants in drinking water. It can be contained in the liquid from both the water supply system and artesian wells. Our company offers modern solutions for water purification from iron. BARRIER filters from our catalog will provide high-quality preparation of water for use, removing harmful impurities from it.

Why is the high content of iron in water dangerous?

Water with a high iron content has a characteristic metallic taste. It is unpleasant to consume such a liquid without preliminary purification, and most importantly, it is unhealthy. Once in the body, iron ions gradually displace copper, which leads to a deficiency of the latter. Therefore:

• weakened immunity;
• digestive problems appear;
• the functioning of the thyroid gland and the entire endocrine system is disrupted.

Deironing your drinking water will help prevent the deterioration of health caused by an increased concentration of this element.

What iron is in water

Water from natural sources can contain iron in the following form:

• divalent - soluble Fe 2+ salts;
• trivalent - insoluble salts of Fe 3 +;
• bacterial - secreted by certain types of bacteria;
• colloidal (organic) - soluble iron-containing substances of biological origin (so-called humates).

The methods used to purify water from iron depend on its form.

How is water deferrization carried out?

The choice of cleaning method directly depends on the type of contamination.

• Bivalent soluble... Purification of water from iron in this form is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, soluble Fe 2+ ions are oxidized to the trivalent insoluble state. For these purposes, ion exchange, chlorination, and aeration of water are practiced. The second stage of deferrization consists in filtration (mechanical removal) of the sediment obtained in the previous stage.
• Colloidal... In the presence of an element in this form, the method of water purification from iron is similar to the previous version. Iron removal is carried out in two stages: first, an insoluble precipitate is obtained (usually by means of ozonation), then it is removed from the water by filtration or settling.
• Insoluble trivalent... It is possible to remove such iron from drinking water in one step. Filtration (conventional or ultra-), liquid settling is practiced for cleaning.
• Bacterial... Reagents-oxidizing agents (potassium permanganate, ozone, etc.) are added to the water, which destroy the shells of bacteria. At the subsequent stages of deferrization of water, coarse and fine filtration is carried out.

In general, the most difficult thing is water purification from iron in colloidal form, which is included in organic compounds. Such complexes must be destroyed or precipitated. The difficulty lies in the fact that they are highly durable. This is especially true for compounds including fulvic and humic acids. Often, high-quality deferrization requires not only water oxidation, but also further sorption with the use of activated carbon. The simplest is ferric removal. To remove such impurities, it is enough to pass the water through a filter with pores of up to 5 microns or subject it to settling.

Methods for purifying water from iron

According to the implementation technology, the methods of water purification from iron are divided into three main groups.

Upholding... The easiest way to remove iron from water, which is available to everyone. To remove the excessive content of impurities, the liquid is collected in a reservoir of the required volume and kept for a certain time. Under the influence of oxygen, ferrous iron transforms into an insoluble trivalent form and precipitates at the bottom of the container. The disadvantage of this method of deferrization of water is the slow flow. Settling can be used if the impurity content is between 3-4 mg / l. At a higher concentration of iron, this method of water purification is practiced only as a preliminary one.

Reagent-free methods... A distinctive feature of this group of methods for purifying water from iron is that they are performed without the use of any chemicals. You can remove unnecessary impurities using the following technologies:

• aeration... The water is saturated with air, which increases the oxygen content in it. This leads to an intense precipitation of ferrous iron into an insoluble form, after which the precipitate is removed by filtration;
• electrolysis... A current is passed through the water, which leads to the oxidation of ferrous iron to an insoluble ferric form, the resulting impurities precipitate at the cathode. This method of deironing water is efficient, simple and fast;
• biological oxidation... Iron bacteria are added to the water, which can oxidize the metal to a trivalent insoluble state. The resulting precipitate is removed by mechanical filtration;
• electromagnetic... This water purification technology is based on the ability of iron to magnetize, which leads to its aggregation (particle joining). The liquid is exposed to an electromagnetic field, the resulting precipitate is filtered off.

Catalytic (reagent) method... As the name suggests, such water purification from iron involves the use of certain chemicals (so-called reagents) capable of oxidizing a divalent metal to an insoluble trivalent form. Depending on the reagents used, the following methods of deferrization are distinguished:

• coagulation... For water purification, substances are used that increase the attraction of metal particles to each other. After the introduction of coagulating compounds, bivalent soluble iron rapidly precipitates, similar to flakes;
• catalytic oxidation... The basic oxidizing agent for iron is manganese dioxide. It significantly accelerates the transformation of divalent ions into trivalent, the precipitate is subsequently filtered off;
• chemical reactions... Most often, potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite, which have pronounced oxidizing properties, are used for deferrization. This method is especially effective with an increased content of not only iron in the water, but also associated impurities (hydrogen sulfide, manganese), since it allows you to remove most organic pollutants and perform disinfection. Often this water purification technology is practiced together with aeration.

The advantages of these methods of iron removal include their high efficiency and speed of implementation. The disadvantage is the existence of temperature limitations: depending on the reagent used, such technologies can be used at temperatures up to 27-38 ° C.

How to choose a method of deferrization

In order for iron removal to be as effective as possible and make it possible to obtain high-quality drinking water, the following factors must be taken into account when choosing a method:

• liquid chemical composition... To determine it, water samples from the source are analyzed in the laboratory. This allows you to establish the types and concentration of impurities, and hence the recommended cleaning methods;
• volume and conditions of consumption... It matters exactly how much purified water needs to be obtained per unit of time, for what purposes it is used.

When choosing a method for deironing water, it is necessary to take into account many other nuances, as well as the features of existing technologies. Therefore, it is recommended to seek professional help. The specialists of our company will help you choose a water treatment system, taking into account all individual characteristics and nuances.

BARRIER filters for water purification

Our experts have developed a number of modern solutions to remove iron and other impurities from water. Our equipment is distinguished by the following features:

• adaptability to Russian conditions... BARRIER water filters were originally developed taking into account domestic operating conditions, common types of pollution and other important nuances. Therefore, our systems for deferrization and removal of other impurities from water are distinguished by their reliability and increased efficiency;
• wide assortment... It contains filters of various capacities and types. This allows you to choose the optimal solution for deferrization of water both for domestic needs (in summer cottages, in apartments, cottages, etc.), and for industrial purposes, taking into account the chemical composition of the original liquid, the location of the filter, etc.

For deferrization of water, we offer the following solutions:

• BPR UV SZHVR- equipment equipped with a manual control unit. It is used to purify water, which contains up to 1.5 mg / l of iron. At higher concentrations, it is applied after pre-aeration. The productivity of such deferrization systems reaches 2-3.2 m 3 / h (depending on the model);

• BPR UV SZhSF with manual or automatic control unit. Such equipment for deironing is used for water containing up to 1 mg / l of impurities. The performance range corresponds to the previous type;

• BPR UV SA- set for preliminary deferrization of water by means of pressure aeration. It provides productivity in the range of 0.8-3.5 m 3 / h.

In addition to the basic equipment for removing iron from water, we have also developed additional options:

• thermal insulating casing which protects water deironing equipment from premature breakdowns caused by low temperature operation;
• reagent dosing kit, which ensures the introduction of the exact amount of oxidizing or other substances used in water purification from impurities.

You can find out more detailed information about the BARRIER equipment designed to purify water from iron and other impurities from the specialists of our company by contacting them using any of the methods specified in the "Contacts" section.

Iron impurities enter the water from underground deep and surface sources. Mineral is the reason for the reddish tint, bitter taste and rusty coating on pipes and walls of household appliances. The additive leads to breakdown of equipment, causes allergic reactions and dermatological diseases in humans. Aerators, chemicals and special bacteria can reduce the concentration of iron in the water from the well.

Homemade construction

There is a lot of divalent mineral in the underground sources supplying the well. Ordinary oxygen can convert the additive into ferric iron, which settles to the bottom. It's easy to do a chemistry experiment at home. You will need a large plastic tank with a volume of 800-1000 ml. A tank or barrel will do. Need rubber hoses, spray nozzle and faucet. It is not necessary to buy an aquarium compressor, but this device will accelerate the conversion of ferrous iron to ferric.

The installation of a treatment plant consists of several steps:

1. The attic is freed from excess trash, preparing the site for the tank.
2. A container with a convex bottom is placed on a wooden or brick base and carefully secured.
3. Holes for rubber pipes are made on both sides. The first is for a hose that extends from a pump located in a well. The second hole is drilled at a height of 30–40 cm from the bottom. A rubber pipe is connected to it, which will supply the house with clean water.
4. A crane is mounted in the lower part of the tank. It is necessary to periodically drain the sediment.
5. A nozzle with fine holes is attached to the tube that extends from the well. It is located inside a plastic container.
6. The hose supplying the house with clean water is equipped with a coarse filter. The element will retain iron particles that have not settled to the bottom.

A homemade cleaning system works simply. In the evening, the plastic tank is filled with water and the compressor is turned on, which is attached to the outer wall of the container. The device saturates the liquid with oxygen, which interacts with iron molecules. The additive particles become heavy and precipitate. The concentration of harmful impurities is reduced by 5-7 times.

The process lasts from 12 to 24 hours, depending on the amount of water in the tank. The clean liquid is drained through a second hose. Water is drunk, used for watering plants and washing. When the tank is empty, you need to open the tap, substituting a bucket under it, and drain the brownish liquid with iron residues.

Oxygen against harmful impurities

Water settling tanks are used by summer residents who do not need to water the garden every day, cook food, bathe in the shower and wash clothes. Large families do not have such a volume of water, so they install expensive reverse osmosis or ozonation systems.

The design of the first type consists of several filters that trap particles of sand, clay and organic impurities. The liquid then passes through a thin membrane with fine cells. They allow oxygen and hydrogen molecules to pass through, trapping particles of iron and other harmful impurities. The purified water is collected in a special tank and then fed to the taps.

The ozone system consists of tanks, tubes, filter and generator. Dirty water enters the tanks. The generator draws in air and recycles it to produce pure ozone. The component enters the tanks with liquid. A chemical reaction is triggered, due to which the two-component iron turns into a three-component iron. A precipitate is formed, which remains at the bottom of the container. The purified water is passed through a special filter that retains the remnants of harmful impurities. The ozonized liquid contains no iron, hydrogen sulfide and microbes.

The structure for ozonation cannot be made by yourself. The generator and water storage tanks are installed by specialists.

At home, you can cleanse small portions of drinking and cooking liquids:

1. You will need a household ozonizer that resembles a computer mouse in size.
2. Water is poured into a glass container. Do not use metal or ceramic utensils.
3. A thin plastic tube of the device is immersed in a liquid, and the ozonator itself is placed on the table.
4. Turn on the device for 10-15 minutes. Ozone will trigger chemical reactions that gradually convert the two-component iron molecules into three-component ones.
5. The water is insisted for 5-6 hours. Enough time for the iron to precipitate.
6. The top layer of the liquid is carefully poured into a clean container. The remains are poured into the sewer or onto the street.

Water for cooking and household needs is purified in a similar way. The maximum volume of liquid that the ozonizer can process in one session is 100–150 liters.

Bacteria and chlorination

Ferrous iron molecules enter into chemical reactions not only with oxygen, but also with chlorine. The substance removes minerals and bacteria from water. A weak chlorine solution can be poured into the well or a capsule with a chemical additive can be lowered. The second method is more convenient, because the cartridge independently calculates the dosage of the disinfectant.

Chlorinated water must be passed through a charcoal filter or a thin membrane with fine cells. The additive triggers chemical reactions, and most of the iron settles to the bottom of the well, but some particles remain. Filters trap remaining harmful metal molecules. Instead of chlorine, potassium permanganate and calcium hypochlorite are used.

Oxidative reactions are triggered by special bacteria. They interact with iron and hydrogen sulfide. Metals are converted to sediment and remain at the bottom of the well. After oxidation, water inhabited by bacteria is passed through microfilters and treated with ultraviolet rays to disinfect.

The biological method is long and expensive, so it is rarely used at home.

Magnetic field and resin filters

Divalent metals are removed from water by ion exchange. Filters, similar to cylindrical capsules, contain membranes with cation exchangers. Synthetic ion exchange resins trap even ferrous molecules, so the water does not go through the stage of aeration and oxidation.

But the membranes get clogged quickly, you have to constantly buy new ones. The method is quite costly and not the most efficient one.

The water that enters the water supply from the well is passed through magnetic filters. They break down hard salts, making them soft and friable. Iron particles do not stick to pipes, walls of household appliances, but simply come out together with water and settle to the bottom of the container.

Devices emitting a magnetic field are fixed to pipes using flanges or a fitting connection. Filters work for 1.5–2 years, then lose their properties.

You can create a device for purifying water from iron at home. You will need an old radio or other unnecessary equipment that has magnets inside. The number of filter blanks depends on their capacity. Sometimes 5 pieces are enough, but it is better to take 10 or 15.

The magnets are held together with a wire. The workpieces are firmly tied to each other so that they do not slip or fall out during operation. The filter parts must be at the same distance.

You can make a body for a purifier from a plastic bottle. The neck and bottom are cut off, the workpiece is put on the pipe. From above, magnets are hooked, connected by a wire. A homemade filter works for 2-3 years. Water that has passed through a home purification plant is best defended before drinking and preparing food.

Without settling

A budgetary option for filtration is a plastic barrel, into which water is poured and waiting for harmful impurities to precipitate. The process usually takes 24 hours. But if a large family lives in the house, which constantly needs clean liquid for drinking and washing, a day is too much.

There is a way out of the situation. It is necessary to create a structure that purifies water in a matter of hours. It consists of a plastic barrel or tank with a volume of 200-300 liters. The container does not have to be lifted to the attic; it can be installed in any heated room.

A rubber hose is connected to the barrel on one side, which connects the reservoir to the well. It is installed at a height of 70–90 cm from the bottom. On the opposite side, a hole is made for a pipe that connects to the pumping station. The appliance supplies water to the house. A plastic pipe is attached to the pump. Inside it there are two filters: carbon and mechanical. They recommend trying an inexpensive option like Poseidon. You will also need an automatic system that will monitor the water level in the barrel.

A shower head is attached to the pipe that connects the reservoir to the well. Water enters the barrel and disperses, enriched with oxygen. Ozone triggers chemical reactions and iron particles are oxidized. Trivalent molecules are heavy, so some of it settles to the bottom.
The oxygenated liquid passes through a charcoal filter, which absorbs metal particles. The second, mechanical, membrane retains iron residues. Then clean and disinfected water enters the house.

The mechanical filter is changed every two weeks, and the charcoal variety is thrown away monthly. Every six months, you need to clean the barrel from plaque.

If you install an aerator for an aquarium in the tank, which enriches the water with a large amount of oxygen, the quality of the drinking liquid will improve 2-3 times.

Such a filter unit removes unpleasant odors and protects household appliances from scale. Helps with high concentrations of manganese, iron and hydrogen sulfide.

Additional methods

The water quality will be improved by the catalytic method. The liquid enters a tank filled with bulk filters. They are composed of porous materials that absorb iron and other metal molecules well. The water goes through an oxidation stage, then settles in a tank. Harmful minerals precipitate, and clean liquid gets into the taps.

The following are used as filling filters:

• zeolite;
• dolomite;
• glauconite.

You can buy ready-made compositions for catalytic filters. For example, Magnofilt, Damfer or MWF. The popular porous Birm. Catalytic fillers do not work well with chlorine-containing substances. When interacting with such additives, they lose their absorbent properties and cease to perform their main function.

There are many ways to remove iron from well water. You can buy reverse osmosis systems or ozonizers, magnetic or resin filters. Build a budget structure with your own hands. Add chlorine or potassium permanganate solution to the water. Each well owner chooses the method that seems to him the most profitable and effective.

Video: how to clean a well, column or well

Iron removal and demanganation of water. How to remove iron from water?

Iron removal- Removing iron and manganese from water is a difficult task for everyday life and production. There is no universal method for all cases, which would be economically justified at all facilities. If he was, we would know everything about him. However, there are many methods and each of them is applicable within certain limits and, of course, has its drawbacks. Most people write to me: “Paul, iron in water. Firms offer different methods from 30 to 150 thousand rubles. Whom to believe? What to do?"

Iron remover control valve

Set on top of the filter

The control valve is a system of channels through which water flows, a shut-off mechanism that directs water along the channel required at this stage of the cycle and an electric control unit for an automatic valve, or a handle for manual switching of modes for a manual control valve.

There are three-cycle filters for reagent-free deferrization agents, or five-cycle filters for reagent washing. Reagent flushing is not just loosening the charge, but passing a reagent (for example, potassium permanganate solution) through the charge for deeper cleaning of the charge and restoring its catalytic properties.

Switching modes using a knob, or automatically by means of an electronic control unit, we organize the flushing of the filter.

During flushing of the filter, water does not flow to the consumer, but is thrown into the drainage (sewer).

Flushing takes place in several stages, there are important nuances. I recommend to study

After completing the next rinsing, the filter is ready for use again. The loading of the filter with correct operation usually "lives" (works) from 3-5 years.

Oxidation and filtration with pyrolusite (MnO2).

This method is excellent for removing small amounts of ferrous iron Fe (OH) 3 under simple conditions and for low water consumption. High pH, ​​absence of organic matter and hydrogen sulfide in water are prerequisites. The essence of the method is that we oxidize iron using the magic component of the filter loading without aeration, without dosing, without ozone, without reagents - only an iron remover with loading: sorbent + pyrolusite.

Pyrolusite Is a natural mineral. Manganese dioxide. It is used for the production batteries... Potassium permanganate (KMnO 4) is made from it and in general it is quite widely used in the chemical industry. In water treatment, pyrolusite MnO2 is used as a catalytic material for removing iron, manganese, organic compounds, hydrogen sulfide, because pyrolusite is a good oxidizing agent.

Pyrolusite in water treatment- the material is unique. Almost all catalytic materials are made using pyrolusite:

BIRM is a light complex-porous aluminosilicate with pyrolusite applied as an outer catalytic layer. The idea is great, but it does not live long and is afraid of organic matter.

Greensand Plus - quartz sand with pyrolusite applied to the surface of the grains. Works only with constant dosage of hypochlorite or rinsing with potassium permanganate.

MZhF, MSK, Pyrolox, Sorbent MS and many other materials - all made using pyrolusite.

Iron remover on pyrolusite. Softener is optional. It may not be there.

Wherein pyrolusite Is a mineral containing 75-95% MnO2, it is supplied in a granular, suitable fraction. Cheap but very heavy. It requires a fast flow of water to flush it. The larger the diameter of the column, the more pressure is required in the system to create the required flow rate to liquefy the feed.

However, pyrolusite can be used as a reagent additive to the MS sorbent to remove small amounts of iron and manganese without oxidation. You have one column - iron remover with loading - sorbent + pyrolusite. No reagents. No aeration or other type of oxidizing agent. This system is somewhat unique. No other material, except pyrolusite, is capable of oxidizing metals dissolved in water for years without active oxidation or reagent regeneration. Because we do not use products containing pyrolusite (BIRM, Greensand, MZhF, etc.), but actually pyrolusite itself. During operation, it is practically not consumed, it can "dust" a little - give gray water - being worn out into the water supply system in filtration mode, but this applies not only to pyrolusite, but to all loads in general. You can put a carbon filter with a cartridge at the outlet to avoid the ingress of pyrolusite particles into the water supply and I recommend installing a reverse osmosis system to obtain drinking water in the kitchen, because under some additional conditions, pyrolusite can give manganese to the consumer, a slight excess of the MPC is possible.

Conditions for using PYROLYSITE as an iron oxidizer:

• Iron Fe (OH) 2<3мг/л
• Manganese Mn2 +<0,2мг/л
• pH> 6.8
• Permanganate oxidizability<2
• Hydrogen sulfide< 0,005

If these conditions are met, I recommend using the 1354 column to obtain up to 1.5 cubic meters of clean water per hour. The filter should be flushed every few days. In the case of a manual valve, it is acceptable to extend the flush cycle once a week.

Deironing cost for pyrolusite

Ion exchange (Softening)

For the removal of various impurities from water, including dissolved metals and organic compounds, ion-exchange resins have been used for more than 50 years - cation and anion exchangers in various combinations, which require regeneration with sodium chloride in tablets.

The process of removing salts and metals on ion exchange resins is called softening... Initially, this method was used and is now used mainly to remove hardness salts (calcium, magnesium salts). However, now there is a large selection of ion exchange resins for removing iron and organic matter.

Ion exchange resins are a very broad topic. We are talking here exclusively about household water treatment and I will only report what you need to know about resins in the key of our task - to purify water in a private house, or in a small production from dissolved metals.

What is Resin? These are synthetic balls made from polymer materials. They are very small, there are many of them, they resemble small caviar of pollock, pike or "tobiko" - flying fish roe. We, water treatment installers, even for fun, call resin "caviar" in professional slang.

The essence of the process softening fundamentally different from deferrization... Resins do not oxidize and do not convert solutes into a solid form for subsequent filtration, but replace ("absorb") the solutes in water with sodium cations, which does not impart such properties to water as hardness. At the same time, the total salt saturation of water remains unchanged or even increases. It depends on the type of solutes that the resin picks up.

Based on the foregoing, an important parameter of ion exchange resins arises - ion exchange resin capacity. The capacity of a resin is similar to that of an electric battery. There is a supply of sodium, which is gradually consumed in the process of ion exchange, thereby reducing the ability of the resin to take dissolved substances from the water. When the sodium ends - the purification also ends - the water passes through the resin without changing its properties.

We calculate in advance the work of the softener in such a way as to regenerate (flush) the resin with a solution of sodium chloride before a noticeable decrease in capacity occurs. This period is called in water treatment filter cycle. Read about the calculation of the amount of resin, salt for regeneration, filtration cycle in the article on softening.

Multicomponent downloads such as Ekotar, Ekomix, FeroSoft, APT-2, Ionofer with different indices A, B, C etc. designed for ionic removal of dissolved salts, metals, organic compounds, as well as a wide range of other substances: heavy metals, ammonium ions, organo-iron compounds, phosphorus, calcium, silicon and many others.

As I said, the resin is regenerated with the help of tableted sodium chloride NaCl, salt is sold in all construction markets, in plumbing stores, it costs about $ 7 for a 30 kg bag. Salt consumption is mainly determined by the amount of removed substances.

On average, about 1 bag of salt per month is spent on water softening.

Reverse osmosis.

Reverse osmosis systems are a fundamentally different method of water purification. Here we are dealing with water filtration through a membrane. Roughly speaking, this is a network through which water molecules pass, but molecules of hardness salts and dissolved metals do not pass. In this case, the retained molecules do not form a sediment on the surface of the membrane, but immediately merge into the drainage (sewer). In the process of filtration in reverse osmosis, water is divided into two streams - permeate(peeled) and concentrate(dirty water) .

On average, 1 cubic meter. of purified water, we get one and a half cubic meters of concentrate, which must be drained somewhere.

Reverse osmosis systems are effective in removing dissolved metals and hardness salts. They do not replace some substances with others, like ion exchange resins, but actually purify water from impurities, this is a huge advantage of reverse osmosis. But this is perhaps the most expensive water purification process and, for reasons of expediency, is least often used to remove dissolved iron and manganese.

However, at high contents of dissolved bivalent Fe2 + iron and low pH<7 осмос может быть весьма эффективен для удаления 20 и выше мг, потому что молекулы железа гораздо крупнее пор мембраны — их легко фильтровать.

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It happens that in order to obtain a liquid suitable for use, it is necessary to carry out deferrization of water from the well.

1. Weathering, destruction and dissolution of rocks, followed by falling into underground sources.
2. Wastewater from industrial enterprises entering surface water bodies.
3. Washing off residues of mineral and organic fertilizers not assimilated by plants from agricultural lands.
4. Runoff from livestock farms.
5. Corrosion of plumbing parts.

In water extracted from underground sources, the metal is contained in the form of chemical compounds:

• Divalent, which, when oxidized, is converted to metal hydroxide, which gives the liquid a brownish tint.
• Trivalent, it is insoluble.
• Colloidal, which is difficult to remove due to its small size. Such a solution cannot be purified by settling.
• Bacterial, formed during the life of bacteria.

What to do in cases when it is not possible to carry out laboratory analysis promptly? It is possible to determine that there is a lot of iron in the water from the well by organoleptic characteristics:

• Metallic taste.
• The appearance of red spots on the plumbing, which are difficult to get rid of.
• Red gelatinous sediment, when in contact with air, it begins to smell unpleasant.
• Rusty precipitate when heated.
• Change in shade of laundry after washing.

Samples

The research is carried out by mobile laboratories traveling to the place of collection under the concluded contracts, and by SES.

Important! Analyzes can only be carried out by accredited laboratories that have received documentary permission.

It is important for the consumer to know how to correctly take samples for analysis for iron in water from a well:

Norm

After the analysis, a test report is issued.

The permissible rate for Russia is 0.3 mg / l.

Consequences of insufficient or exceeding indicators.

Excess, as well as a lack of a chemical element in the body, negatively affects the health and well-being of a person.

Elevated metal levels cause:

• Deposits of an element in tissues and internal organs.
• Headache, fatigue, dizziness.
• Skin discoloration.
• Problems with the gastrointestinal tract - nausea, vomiting, intestinal ulcers.
• Hepatic and renal failure.
• Diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
• The risk of malignant tumors.
• Anemia.

A reduced content of a chemical element provokes:

• A decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin, which is involved in the transport of oxygen to organs, tissues, and the brain.
• Decreased muscle tone.
• Violation of the mental state.
• Decreased immunity.
• Increase in body weight.

Important! The main reason for the increase in the concentration of iron in the human body is its excessive intake with drinking water.

How to clean it yourself

Purification methods are reduced to the procedure for converting the bivalent form of the metal, which is not subject to filtration due to its small size, into the trivalent one. Thereafter, the concentration of the metal can be reduced by mechanical filtration.

Water can be deironed by reagent-free and reagent methods of carrying out a chemical reaction.

The simplest and most cost-effective method of water purification is that water from a well is drawn into a settling tank. Interaction with oxygen leads to the conversion of iron into the trivalent form, which precipitates. Water is drained from the layer above the sediment. In the absence of oxygen, it completely settles within 24 hours in an open system with additional aeration in 4-6 hours.

Iron removal plants for summer cottages and houses

To accelerate the chemical oxidation reaction, use:

1. Aeration.
2. Ozonation.
3. Ion exchange.
4. Chlorination.
5. Reverse osmosis.
6. The use of hypochlorite.
7. Introduction of reagents and catalysts.

Aeration

The injected oxygen oxidizes ferrous iron while removing carbon dioxide, which also speeds up the oxidation process.

For this, the following methods are used:

• Fountains with spray installations;
• Spraying - sprinkling;
• Air injection by compressors.

The above methods are effectively used in the presence of iron up to 10 mg / dm 3. In cases of exceeding the concentration, to maintain the intensity of the process, preliminary water treatment is carried out by the method of aeration with the introduction of reagents (chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, potassium permanganate).

Ozonation

The method is based on the structure of the ozone molecule. The element is unstable and easily gives up an extra oxygen atom, which is an active oxidizing agent. Combining with molecules of other substances, it actively oxidizes and destroys them.

In addition to iron, ozonation helps to cleanse the liquid from insoluble magnesium and calcium compounds, which can be removed by mechanical filtration.

It also disinfects, discolours, removes odors and flavors. During ozonation, many bacteria die, impurities of toxic substances are removed.

Ion exchange

You can remove iron from water using an ion-exchange resin. In recent years, natural components have been replaced with highly efficient synthetic resins.

The main task of ion-exchange filtration is to get rid of other bivalent metals: calcium and magnesium.

In laboratory conditions, this method will remove the metal of high concentration, but on an industrial scale, the application of the method is difficult. The presence of oxygen in the liquid passing through the ion exchanger causes precipitation and rapid clogging of the sorbent. The process has to be paused to rinse the resin.

Ferric iron reduces the effective removal of calcium and manganese. The resin quickly overgrows with an organic film.

The ion exchange method is used if necessary for additional purification of water.

Chlorination

Chlorine is an oxidizing agent that accelerates the transformation of an element from a bivalent to a trivalent form. Chlorination solves the problem of disinfection, removal of hydrogen sulfide and manganese, organic substances.

Liquid chlorine is highly toxic and requires strict safety precautions to be delivered and handled.

Hypochlorite

It is fed by metering pumps. At the same time, the necessary proportions are observed for different degrees of pollution.

Benefits of sodium hypochlorite:

• The solution of the substance does not form suspensions and does not need to be settled.
• The use of hypochlorite does not increase water hardness compared to bleach solutions.
• The chemical is obtained at the site of filtration by electrolysis of table salt - a substance that is safe during transportation.
• The drug has bactericidal properties - the process of cleaning from metal is combined with disinfection.

The calculation of the dosing unit is made on the basis of data obtained from the chemical laboratory analysis of the composition of the liquid. In addition to the iron content, the presence of heavy metals and hydrogen sulfide is taken into account.

Catalytic oxidation

The method became widespread for water supply of small enterprises, cottages and private houses. Catalytic filtration units with compact dimensions are capable of purifying from 0.5 to 20 m 3 / h of liquid.

Oxidation takes place in a special tank made of stainless steel or fiberglass.

For backfill, synthetic materials are used that have high efficiency and low cost.

Before being fed to the catalyst, the water is intensively aerated, which accelerates the oxidation.

The formed precipitate is removed by backwashing.

The disadvantage of synthetic backfill is the consumption as a result of mechanical destruction.

The backfill made of dolomite, zeolite and glauconite is devoid of the disadvantage. The materials are porous and resistant to high temperatures.

Reverse osmosis

The systems use membranes that only allow H20 molecules to pass through. Impurities of salts, heavy metals, microbes and bacteria are retained by 80-95%.

But osmosis is not just a filter, where the entire volume of water passes through the filter element. In reverse osmosis, such a process is impossible - the membranes are very quickly clogged with impurities.

The design of household reverse osmosis devices provides for the supply of liquid under pressure. The device filter divides the flow into 2 parts. A third of the liquid has time to seep and enter a clean outlet, and about two-thirds of the water enters the sewer.

Thus, the membrane (this is what the filter is called in devices) becomes dirty with less intensity and lasts from 2 to 4 years.

Before being supplied to the diffuser, the water is purified by coarse and fine filters. Preconditioning can extend the life of the membrane to two to four years.

The advantage of the system is the clean release of water from impurities. The disadvantages of reverse osmosis are high costs for the purchase of equipment and periodic ones for replacing the membrane. It should be borne in mind that most of the liquid goes to waste. This increases the cost of electricity for the operation of the pump for supplying it from a well or well.

Advice! It is not economically feasible to use osmosis, which purifies water for taking a bath. The purpose of the device is to cleanse for drinking.

Coagulation and clarification

Ferrous iron in the form of suspensions and colloidal-dispersed substances is a liquid that acquires a whitish tint that does not disappear after settling. They are freed from suspended matter by the introduction of coagulant reagents. They adsorb metal on their surface and precipitate as a precipitate, which is removed by filtration.

Sulfates and chlorides are used as coagulants. Their choice depends on the acidity of the original liquid.

Electrochemical cleaning method

Electrochemical purification methods are technologically simple and do not involve the use of reagents. The disadvantage that reduces the prevalence of the method is the cost of electricity.

The essence of the method lies in the passage of liquid through the interelectrode space, where electrolysis, electrophoresis and removal of solutes take place.

There are varieties of the electrochemical method:

1. Electrolysis.
2. Electroflotation.
3. Electrodialysis.
4. Electrocoagulation.

Filtration system

The described methods are technologically difficult to implement with your own hands without the use of equipment manufactured by an industrial method.

The catalytic method of iron oxidation is effective and technologically advanced for a private house. These deironing plants are distinguished by their productivity and compactness. The cost of consumables is relatively low. The choice of oxidizer and its dosage is based on the results. This makes it possible to reduce the consumption of the reagent when obtaining high-quality water at the outlet of the device.

The filter media are produced under the brands: MZhF, BIRM, GREEN SAND, MFO, MTM, AMDX. The choice of a specific sample is based on the composition of the original liquid.

Filtering units are equipped with automatic regeneration units, which allow replacing the reagent once every 5-7 years.

What is reagent-free method

Folk methods of deferrization

Folk, or grandfather's, methods of purification are used in the case when obtaining clean water is required from time to time and the purchase of expensive equipment is impractical.

Upholding

This is the simplest, least costly method of deironing.

To implement the home method, you will need a reservoir equal to the daily fluid flow. Use a container made of neutral materials - food grade plastic, stainless steel.

The manufacturing process is simple, cheap components are used in the design.

To prevent freezing in winter, the container is placed in a room with a positive temperature.

A shut-off valve is installed at the inlet to prevent overflow. The compressor accelerates the oxidation process. Water is supplied to the container through a food hose with a spray at the end of the tube.

Two holes are provided in the lower part of the tank:

• The first, at the level of the bottom, will be used to drain dirty water with flakes.
• The second hole is made at a level of 20-30 cm above the bottom, through which the clarified liquid is taken.

Important! The selection of clean water is carried out no earlier than 10-15 minutes after the last air supply. Otherwise, the mixed mud will get into the house. To improve cleaning, magnets are installed to attract iron residues.

Advantages of the method:

• Simplicity and the possibility of self-production of the sump.
• A supply of water is created in case of a power outage.
• Hydrogen sulfide present in artesian wells is removed from it.

Disadvantages:

• Incomplete removal of iron.
• Time consuming service. It is necessary to regularly drain the sediment and periodically wash the walls of the container from the sediment. The frequency depends on the degree.
• It is necessary to monitor the liquid level in the reservoir.

Aeration

This method and the principle of its effect on water have been described above. The method can be applied at home. For this, a special installation is made. The principle of operation can be understood from the figure.

Boiling, freezing

The methods are used to obtain a small amount of pure water.

Iron precipitates after 10 minutes of boiling.

Freezing allows you to combat salt impurities. The water is placed in a freezer. First of all, pure water molecules freeze - salts turn into ice at lower temperatures. After freezing half the volume of the liquid, the remainder is drained. Thawed ice - no impurities.

Removing iron from water requires a careful and responsible approach. Self-cleansing is a method that can be used to obtain small volumes of liquid for a single use. The best option would be to contact specialized organizations in order to purchase and correctly place the filtering system. This will allow you to avoid mistakes when choosing equipment, installing it, and will provide a guarantee.

Iron removal from water has its own specifics and features.

Iron in water can be oxidized 3-valent and dissolved 2-valent. The total concentration of 3-valent iron oxidized in water and dissolved 2-valent iron gives the total iron content in the analysis of water.

Deep underground water has no oxygen access. As a rule, this is typical for wells... All iron in such water is in a dissolved 2-valence state.

V well water, which is in contact with oxygen from the surrounding air, iron is partly in an oxidized 3-valence state and partly in a dissolved 2-valence state.

If you have tap water, there is no need to do a water analysis to select filters. In addition to the increased content of 3-valent iron from rusty water pipes, there will be no other harmful impurities in the water.

This filter has a number of advantages over inline filters. The main filter with replaceable cartridges has a porosity of more than 5 microns. The titanium membrane wash filter has a fineness of 0.1 micron. After clogging, conventional cartridge filters begin to pass mechanical impurities and iron particles. The titanium flush membrane accumulates all contaminants on its surface and if it is not flushed for a long time, it will simply stop letting water through, but at the same time it will provide a 100% guarantee that dirty water will not come to consumers. The membrane is flushed in a split second by turning the ball valve.

Purification of water from iron in a well

If it is necessary to purify well water from iron, then a storage tank is preliminarily installed in which iron is oxidized and completely passes into a 3-valence state. Further, such water can be supplied by a pumping station for further purification with a flushing titanium membrane. There are also schemes for water purification from a well using iron removal filters.

Purification of water from iron in a well

If you have a summer cottage with seasonal residence, on which there is a well with a high iron content, instead of a deferrization filter, you can install a storage plastic container. Getting into such a container, water with a high iron content comes into contact with air, as a result of which the iron is oxidized and precipitated. A pumping station is installed next to the plastic container, which supplies water with oxidized 3-valent iron to the rinsing titanium membrane. Such a cleaning scheme can be easily drained and preserved for the winter until the next season.

Equipment selection

Unlike many companies involved in the installation of water treatment equipment, the company Integrated Solutions offers a rinse Titanium membrane as the main element of the water purification system. The use of such membranes can significantly reduce the cost of a water purification system, increase reliability, service life, and reduce operating costs. And the most important thing is to improve the quality of water purification.

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