The calculation is carried out on the basis of methodological recommendations to SP 7.13130.2013 "Calculated determination of the main parameters of smoke ventilation

1. When calculating systems for removing smoke from open rooms for various purposes (halls) and atriums, the designers assume that the minimum width of the room is underestimated. In some cases, this affects the determination of the area of ​​the fire site and, as a consequence, the performance of the smoke control ventilation system decreases.

2. Making a mistake when selecting a fan for a smoke exhaust system: designers forget to bring the calculated static pressure of the fan to standard conditions. This can be done using the formula:

_____________________________________________ Psv = 1.2 * (PsmN + Pd) / ρsmN

Where P smN is the static pressure in front of the fan (based on the calculation result) at the temperature of the flue mixture;
P d - resistance of air ducts and elements that do not take part in the calculation when determining P smN;
ρ smN is the density of the smoke mixture at its temperature

3. When selecting the fan according to the graphs, there is a confusion of total and static pressure. The calculation determines the static pressure. And the manufacturer's nomograms are made for full pressure. In this case, a fan with a reduced performance is selected.

4. The bottom of the exhaust smoke ventilation valve must be higher than the escape door opening.

5. The damper of the compensating smoke exhaust system should be located in the lower part of the room. As a rule, at a distance of 500 mm, so as not to interfere with the cleaning of floors.

6. The use of an exhaust smoke ventilation system without a supply compensating ventilation system is unacceptable.

7. Air imbalance during anti-smoke ventilation is not more than 30%.

8. Determination of the flow rate of the compensating supply air supply to compensate for the smoke exhaust system must be performed according to the mass flow rate (unit kg / s).

9. When smoke ventilation is in operation, the pressure drop across closed doors (especially evacuation doors) should be no more than 150 Pa. Otherwise, an adult will not open the door, and what can we say about children.

10. When designing smoke exhaust systems for corridors, it is imperative to take into account the corridor configuration, see clause 7.8.

11. When designing a smoke ventilation system for staircases of multi-storey buildings of type H2, it is possible to divide into zones (device of several valves) to reduce the pressure on closed escape doors.

12. The removed combustion products must be thrown out at a distance of at least 5 m from the place where the outside air is taken from the supply smoke ventilation.

13. If the roof and walls are made of combustible materials, then the emission of combustion products must be carried out at a height of at least 2 m from the level of the roof, otherwise protection with non-combustible materials should be provided.

14. It is not allowed to install general smoke ventilation systems for premises for various purposes. For example, if the joint venture requires smoke removal from the meeting room and the corridor, then it is necessary to design two separate systems and it is prohibited to combine them.

15. When providing back pressure in the safe areas, it is necessary to take into account that the supplied air must be heated. As a rule, an electric heater is chosen.

16. In front of the fans of anti-smoke ventilation systems, it is necessary to install motorized check valves (normally closed fire-retardant valves with a reversible drive) in accordance with clause 7.11, clause 7.13, clause 7.17. If the valve is located outdoors, the valve must be electrically heated. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the installation of a gravity check valve is a violation of clause 7.19. Since this valve does not maintain its position when the power supply is turned off.

In conclusion, I would like to add that the calculation and design of fire ventilation systems should be carried out by professionals. You can always contact our company for advice on smoke removal and air pressure systems, as well as order a project.

A well-designed smoke exhaust system plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of a building, especially during emergencies. A modern ventilation smoke control system is a complex of engineering solutions and technical means designed to control the spread of smoke masses and their timely removal from the room. Also, its purpose is to qualitatively prevent the ingress of smoke into escape routes and to provide favorable microclimatic conditions for the work of firefighters. This system helps to protect lives and property from damage resulting from fire. The design fundamentals of smoke exhaust systems, which fully comply with legal norms, must be strictly observed when organizing smoke ventilation. In order for the system to meet fire safety requirements and have maximum efficiency, it is worth contacting experienced professionals after looking at an example of a smoke removal project in Moscow.

Requirements for the design of remote control systems

According to the current state standards, underground premises, high-rise buildings, as well as buildings with a large crowd of people, where there is no natural lighting and ventilation, must be equipped with smoke ventilation. It should be noted that the smoke exhaust project for corridors should be developed separately from the premises protection system. Requirements for projects of smoke removal systems include the fact that in the event of a fire, the supply of fresh external air mass must be provided for smoke-free staircases of various types, elevator shafts, vestibules, as well as in the lower parts of atriums and passages to compensate for volumes in which smoke and other combustion products are removed.

It is not allowed to organize the system in such a way that the supply of fresh air from the outside, designed to create high pressure, is provided to common corridors, from which smoke masses are directly removed and in which there is communication with other corridors, halls and recreation, protected by a smoke exhaust ventilation system. An example of a smoke exhaust project can be seen by going to our website or by contacting the manager of our company.

Schematic diagram of the operation of smoke exhaust systems

Design stages

A smoke exhaust project requires a responsible and professional approach. The quality of the work of the designers determines how efficiently the organized ventilation smoke control system will work and fulfill its purpose.

The process of preparing a standard design for smoke removal with calculations includes:

1. Detailed acquaintance with all technical documentation.
2. Determination of those premises of the structure that must be equipped with anti-smoke ventilation.
3. Determination of the required number of lift shafts, together with the stairs, into which external air masses will be supplied.
4. Thorough inspection of all air ducts and ventilation that are already installed in the building.
5. Departure of qualified specialists to the object.
6. Exact calculation of the cost of designing smoke exhaust,
7. Calculation of the organization of the system, providing high-quality fresh air supply.
8. Professional selection of the most suitable ventilation equipment according to the project, together with valves, necessary fans and smoke exhaust ducts, which are distinguished by long-term reliable operation and fully comply with fire safety requirements.
9. Formation of a graphic display of the working project.
10. Representation of the specification of the selected devices.
11. Development of estimates for

About the cost of designing smoke exhaust

The cost (price) of a smoke removal project in Moscow or the Moscow region depends on the area of ​​the object and the specifics of the choice of equipment for the smoke control system. Due to the availability of various options for ventilation components and the affordable cost of installation work, the price of a ready-made high-quality smoke protection will pleasantly surprise customers. Smoke exhaust ventilation systems are divided into static and dynamic. The first type provides a shutdown of ventilation, which does not allow smoke and combustion products to spread throughout the building, localizing them in the fire zone. Dynamical systems are more complex and, as a result, more expensive. However, their cost is fully justified by functionality and better efficiency. Equipment for dynamic smoke protection works both to remove smoke from the building, and to supply external air masses into the room.

Various design methods can be applied. However, they must fully comply with the current legislative standards in the field of fire safety. Such systems can be controlled, both by automation and by humans. It should be noted that the automation of smoke removal systems significantly increases the level of fire safety of the building, timely creating all the necessary conditions for the evacuation of people in the building and the effective work of firefighters in the event of a fire.

In the event of a fire, life and health of people are threatened to a greater extent not by fire, but by smoke and carbon monoxide. It is because of the influence of these factors that a person often loses orientation, falls into a panic. That is why the design of smoke exhaust for the facilities of the city of Moscow is a necessary measure to organize safe working or living conditions.

Systems that extract smoke from the building are installed on the roofs of office, residential or industrial buildings. The main purpose of the equipment is to ensure the proper conditions for the safe evacuation of people from the building where the fire has occurred. The correct calculation of smoke exhaust is of great importance in organizing the safe conditions of people from the building.

Installation work is necessarily preceded by the preparation of project documentation. It is important to entrust the solution of this task exclusively to highly qualified craftsmen! This work pursues several goals: preventing the spread of smoke to the evacuation routes of people, localizing smoke and protecting human health.

Factors taken into account when calculating the smoke exhaust system

• Smoke consumption
• Room dimensions
• Probable area of ​​the fire source
• Physical properties of flue gases
• Indoor and outdoor pressure
• Smoke area height
• Outside temperature
• Indoor substances and materials

Smoke exhaust systems can be active and passive (dynamic and static, respectively). The equipment includes: smoke exhaust fans, redirection valves, fire-resistant air ducts. With the help of the equipment, it is possible to localize smoke and toxic combustion products, to free up evacuation routes, and also to comprehensively provide appropriate conditions for removing people from the building.

Calculation of the project of smoke removal and ventilation

The design of smoke exhaust systems is carried out by engineers of our company, taking into account the individual characteristics of the order, the operating conditions of the equipment.

To draw up documentation and perform calculations from the customer, the following data and documents will be required:

• Project design (if available)
• Architectural and construction drawings of the building
• Design data for existing engineering systems (if any)
• Technological project (if any)
• Terms of reference (drawn up more often in conjunction with the design organization)

The main stages of project development are: obtaining initial data on the object; calculation of SDS parameters, taking into account methodological recommendations; selection of the required equipment and materials; preparation, release of a working version of the project with floor drawings and plans.

At the stage of calculating the smoke exhaust scheme, the characteristics of the room are taken into account:

• Building materials used in the construction of a specific object
• Number of floors in the building
• Condition of the operating ventilation system
• Emergency evacuation plan
• Finish type (inside and outside)
• Condition as well as insulation material
• The presence and location of windows in the building
• Smoke permeability of the room

The calculation process takes into account the factors that affect the concentration and amount of smoke, the rate of spread of fire in a fire. Designing represents several important stages, but it all starts with an analysis of the conditions of a specific object where installation is planned. So, the premises to be equipped with technical means, a list of lift shafts, as well as staircases for air intake from outside the building are determined.

After collecting and analyzing the data, an analysis of the available ventilation shafts is carried out. The appointment of a final inspection is necessary in order to ensure the suitability of the mines as a means of communication and smoke extraction. The company's specialists visit the customer's site to perform calculations of air pressurization and smoke removal systems. The plant staff also determines the type of suitable ventilation equipment (fans, valves and air ducts).

After completing the specified work, the client is issued with drawings and documents, including the specification of the equipment. In order to carry out a high-quality design of a system for smoke removal, a detailed design of the existing ventilation system of the facility is required. The section on fire safety, floor plans - all this matters when performing calculations.

Calculation of design documentation for the installation of a smoke exhaust system consists of several stages

• Determination and calculation of air leaks through the non-tightness of a closed valve
• Calculation of the density of the smoke-air mixture, selection of the size and diameter of the air duct
• Calculation of suction through the non-density of the duct, gas pressure along the height of the mines
• Determination of the fan head performance
• Selection of a fan for operation in a temperature of 400 degrees Celsius
• Calculation of the evacuation plan

The specialists of our company carry out the calculation of air exchange, heat inflows, aerodynamic properties, heat losses, as well as hydraulic calculations.

Features of smoke exhaust design

Design includes a lot of activities performed by an engineer. The specialist analyzes the features of the object, takes into account the wishes of the client regarding the ventilation system. The regulatory requirements for ventilation and air conditioning systems are also taken into account. A special feature is the calculation of the operating parameters of the equipment in such a way that the mounted technical means can maintain certain temperature values ​​in each of the premises of the building (humidity and air composition).

The engineer selects devices and materials according to the individual characteristics of the object. Air conditioners, fans, recuperators - all this requires a competent approach. Moreover, the project provides for the creation of suitable soundproofing qualities. Selected locations for the location of devices, air ducts, ventilation openings are indicated by means of graphic images. Professionals draw up detailed drawings, accompanying documents, with the help of which it will be possible to make the correct installation of all tools in the future.

Interaction with the customer of the company's services is achieved in a simple way: the customer talks about the premises where the installation of equipment is required; we send an employee to the site to assess the conditions, review the technical documentation and solve related problems. A detailed technical assignment is drawn up for the performance of work and the signing of a contract. The document specifies the requirements for the future smoke exhaust system.

The contract also includes the price of design documentation for and air conditioning, as well as the timing of the project. Further, the design is carried out, after which the client receives all the necessary documents.

What documents at the end of the project of the smoke exhaust system we provide

Upon completion of the design, the customer is provided with the necessary documents:

• The graphic part of the project, displaying the decisions made in the form of diagrams and drawings
• Engineering systems project, completed in accordance with GOSTs, rules and current standards
• Specification of equipment, materials used
• Explanatory note to the project documentation with a description of the applied technical solutions, the results of calculations

The design is accompanied by various works, which is caused by the need to use progressive technological solutions in providing air purification and creating a microclimate. Due to the use of modern equipment, professional design, accurate calculations and careful work of craftsmen are required.

The safety of people depends on how competently and efficiently the work on creating project documentation has been done. Our employees undertake calculations, preparation of working documentation, creation of a project and a number of other activities necessary to organize safe living or working conditions for people.

For which objects do we calculate the smoke exhaust system

We develop documentation for the installation of technical means for the removal of smoke and combustion products at various facilities. Apartments, cottages, catering establishments (cafes and restaurants), office and administrative, trade and production facilities, as well as warehouses and swimming pools - the installation of the equipment in question is possible everywhere.

In order to find out about the full list of functions of the units, as well as on other questions, we recommend that you contact the organization's contact phone number. The manager will provide consulting support in case of your call.

Prices for the design of smoke exhaust in Moscow

The cost of designing the system under consideration is determined taking into account a number of factors, including the functional characteristics of the premises, its space-planning solutions and area. If you are interested in the approximate price in rubles, we suggest using the data in a special table or consulting a manager by phone.

The exact cost of the order is determined by an employee of the company, it is announced to the client before signing the contract. It should be noted that the price value specified in the contract remains unchanged for the customer! The cost of installation can vary significantly depending on the characteristics of a particular building, its interior, as well as the tasks ahead. The volume and complexity of work play a key role in price formation.

The price indicated in the contract is final and unchanged! If you still have questions regarding the design of equipment for effective smoke removal or you want to order the services of specialists, we suggest using the contact phone number indicated on the company's website in the contact section. Consultations are provided free of charge.

Object area, m2	Project cost, rub.
up to 100	20000
from 100 to 200	25000
from 200 to 400	30000
from 400 to 700	35000
from 700 to 1000	40000
from 1000 to 2000	80000
from 2000 to 3000	105000
from 3000 to 5000	130000
over 5000	from 130,000

Reasons to contact us for a project

The team of our company is represented by experienced and qualified personnel, designers and installers of a high category. Specialists are responsible for all types of work performed in the design of smoke protection systems.

From our side, clients are provided with the following advantages:

• High professionalism. The specialists working for the company are experienced and knowledgeable professionals
• Individual approach. We take into account all the requirements and wishes of the customer. Also, the features of a specific object are taken into account, where equipment installation is to be carried out.
• Efficiency of work execution in accordance with the schedule. All activities are carried out within the terms stipulated in the contract
• Design of any complexity
• Personnel responsibility for the result. We guarantee the quality and reliability of a system designed by engineers
• Complex
• Optimal pricing policy. Flexible prices allow you to equip devices for the removal of combustion products at various facilities

The quality of the final result is guaranteed to every customer. Do not neglect safety - turn to professionals and reap the benefits of a competent approach. In addition to the design of the smoke exhaust system, the employees of the enterprise carry out installation, commissioning, conduct briefings on the rules of operation, and also carry out service. In case of malfunctions, we return the devices to a working condition as soon as possible.

Modern large industrial enterprises cannot be imagined without smoke exhaust systems. After all, they are considered emergency ventilation systems and provide the necessary conditions in order to evacuate people when a fire breaks out.

A large-scale industrial enterprise cannot do without a smoke exhaust system in modern conditions. Such a system on an industrial scale is one of the elements of fire safety and makes it possible to create acceptable conditions for the evacuation of a large number of people from premises that have been exposed to a fire, at the optimum time.

Design of smoke exhaust and protection systems. Purpose of anti-smoke ventilation.

The main task of the system is to quickly remove smoke and combustion products from the room in the event of a fire. It is especially important to have such systems in areas where there is no free access to fresh air. It is also necessary to remove smoke and combustion products along the route of people during evacuation. At the moment of fire, a complex of engineering systems responsible for safety is activated (fire extinguishing, smoke removal, sound notification, access control, communication with services and other evacuation systems).

Objects where smoke extraction systems are required

To ensure the safety of people, it is necessary to remove smoke in case of fire. in a multi-storey building for any purpose (residential, business center, etc.), office buildings, shopping centers and other places of large gathering of people, on the territory of underground parking lots, in warehouses.

When you need a smoke exhaust system

Systems are necessary in absolutely any building, but their significance is actualized where the movement of people is limited by objective reasons - for example, in places of detention, or hospitals, or high-rise buildings with intricate corridors. A sudden outbreak of fire will sow panic, and in the absence of a smoke exhaust system, many people will die just because they did not manage to find the right way out in time.

In such conditions, the smoke exhaust system will provide people with fresh air, concentrate carbon monoxide and prevent smoke from spreading through the premises, interfering with vision and breathing.

Often, the system works in tandem with room ventilation, therefore, when developing the latter, specialists pay attention to the selection of equipment that can continue to work in conditions of smoke and high temperatures.

System advantages

Increased smoke during a fire is one of the reasons for the disorientation of people and, as a result, panic and possible death. Smoke exhaust systems deal with this problem very effectively. In addition, one of their indisputable advantages is the localization of carbon monoxide, which is dangerous to human health and life.

System design principles

The essence of ventilation and smoke removal systems is the same. The only difference is that materials are used to form the smoke exhaust system that ensure its normal functioning at high temperatures. This is achieved by using ferrous metals in their creation. A prerequisite for the installation of smoke exhaust systems is an agreed and approved project.

By the principle of creation, systems are static and dynamic. The static system consists in simply turning off the ventilation system at the moment of strong smoke and, accordingly, stopping the spread of smoke. In this case, there is no installation of smoke exhaust as such, which makes the static system very cheap.

The dynamic principle is considered more effective. The exhaust ventilation system in this case operates alternately to remove unsuitable air from the premises and supply fresh air. With a smoke exhaust system, it is possible to use several fans, each of which has its own function. At the preliminary stage, a technical assignment is prepared, our designers select optimal solutions and prepare a smoke exhaust project for approval.

In some cases, a stand-alone system, used only in emergency situations, may be a suitable option.

Regulations

The regulatory framework (SNiPs, SP, GOSTs) governing the design, installation, testing of smoke ventilation is constantly being improved. Changes and additions are made to the standards, updating these documents for modern realities. The ventilation must comply with all applicable requirements. Otherwise, the first fire check will bring a lot of trouble.

• SP 7.13130.2009: Fire safety requirements. Heating, ventilation, air conditioning
• GOST R 21.1101-2009: Basic requirements for design and working documentation
• SP 60.13330.2012 (SNiP 41-01-2003) - Heating, ventilation, air conditioning
• GOST 21.602-2003: Rules for the implementation of working documentation for heating, ventilation and air conditioning

How smoke ventilation works.

Most effective automatic system... The facility houses sensors and a control panel. If signals from one or more sensors indicate the presence of fire, it automatically opens smoke exhaust valve and the pumping of air from the room begins. There are also systems that are started manually from a central control panel or using special buttons located in easily accessible places.

Smoke exhaust systems equipment

Exhaust implemented in various ways. Smoke extraction fans can force air, which leads to the expulsion of combustion products into the outlet ducts. Also, fans are installed in the ducts and work for the hood. Increased requirements have been set for the smoke exhaust equipment (resistance to high temperatures, reliable operation in extreme conditions, etc.).

Design features

The system parameters are calculated without fail, taking into account all the characteristics of the object. The number of smoke receiving devices, the power of the equipment are determined, the automation is selected, a decision is made on the type of ventilation. Design solutions must necessarily meet the requirements of regulatory documents.

System maintenance

To ensure uninterrupted operation of the system in the event of a fire, maintenance should be carried out regularly. It includes checking the integrity of air ducts, serviceability of valves, fans, sensors and other system elements. Security systems need to be checked for quality of work, measured and updated technical reports, which are presented at the request of the inspector.

In the absence of a project, executive documentation, protocols for checking security systems, the inspection organization can issue fines, issue instructions for eliminating shortcomings, and even close / seal the facility. We recommend that you carry out checks of engineering systems and in advance.

OV project Smoke extraction Production and warehouse base

LLC "Darna" MO, Istra district

System selection

When choosing one or another smoke extraction system, it is highly desirable to be guided not only by economy. The choice should be optimal, first of all, from the point of view of safety - in this case, it is necessary to consult with the specialists of the VeerVent company, who provide professional assistance in the selection and installation of smoke removal systems. In addition to consulting assistance, our employees successfully carry out the installation of these systems throughout Russia.

The company "VeerVent" carries out both the design of smoke removal and installation using certified equipment that meets all building rules and regulatory documents, with subsequent commissioning.
The team of VeerVent LLC is a team of professionals with extensive experience.