BASIC CONCEPTS

CITIZEN

RIGHT

VOTER

RIGHTS OF THE VOTER

A LITTLE HISTORY…

Constituent Assembly,

1917

Veche (in Novgorod - from 1136)

Noble assemblies

• Voting rights were granted not only to the nobility, but also to the common people.

"Charter to the nobility", signed by Catherine II in 1785.

The suffrage of the philistines (townspeople) of the male.

Citizens convicted by a court or having a “clear defect” were deprived of their voting rights

• The lowest age limit in the world is 20 years;
• Rights were granted to Russian citizens without distinction of gender;
• Voting rights were vested in military personnel;
• The residency and literacy qualifications were abolished;
• Cancellation of restrictions on nationality and religion.

CITIZEN - a person endowed with rights and duties

RIGHT – these are the conditions for study, work, life that the state gives to a person.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation

The basic Law

our country

Rights and Duties of Man and Citizen (Section I, Chapter 2)

FOR A LIFETIME

Right to freedom of speech

The right to live

Right to study

Right to Use

cultural achievements

Right to

movement

From 18 YEARS:

The right to vote and be elected

Free expression of the will of citizens in elections

ELECTIONS - a democratic procedure by which performers are determined for some key positions in various social structures

VOTER - one who participates in elections or has the right to do so

RIGHTS OF THE VOTER - free expression of the will of citizens in elections

• Constitution of the Russian Federation,
• Constitutions of the republics within the Russian Federation;
• Federal Law of September 19, 1997 "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in a Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation";
• Laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation regulating the organization and procedure for elections to various state authorities and local self-government bodies;
• Decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, acts of heads of administrations and other heads of executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the organization and conduct of elections.
• Resolutions of the State Duma and the Central Election Commission.

• universal, equal direct suffrage
• publicity, openness
• voluntariness of the exercise of the right to vote on the basis of personal and secret ballot

Conclusions:

1. The most important right and duty of a person in a democratic society.

2. The ability to shape public policy.

3. The ability to avoid adverse consequences for the state as a whole.

For citizens

this is an opportunity

implement

own

constitutional

right

form

representative

bodies

authorities

• Going to the polls, be able to think!
• Be incorruptible! Remember! Free cheese only happens in a mousetrap.
• Look for worthy: think about what this person can really do for you personally and for others!
• Have your own opinion, and therefore your choice!
• Live with your mind!

We are all responsible for ourselves!

Election history President Russian Federation

The elections that took place in March 2018 became the seventh presidential elections in modern Russia. Before that they were held in

1991, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012.

The post of President of Russia, elected by popular vote, was established as a result of a nationwide referendum on March 17, 1991. The corresponding provisions were enshrined in the Constitution of the RSFSR, according to which the president was elected for a term of 5 years.

On March 17, 1991, the provisions were enshrined in the constitution of the RSFSR, according to which the president was elected for a term of 5 years.

In 1993, the new Constitution of the Russian Federation came into force, according to which the term of presidential powers was reduced to 4 years. In 2008, the presidential term was again extended to 6 years.

THE FIRST ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA - 1991

In accordance with the 1991 law "On the Election of the President of the RSFSR", in order to win, a candidate had to receive more than half of the votes.

On June 12, 1991, 6 candidates took part in the first presidential elections in the Russian Federation. As a result of general and direct elections, already in the first round, the President of the country for 5 years

was elected Boris Yeltsin .

Boris Yeltsin (Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR) won 57.3% of the vote

In total, 74.66% of voters took part in the elections

THE ONLY TWO ROUND ELECTIONS OF THE PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA - 1996

These elections turned out to be the only ones in the recent history of Russia, when a second round was required to determine the winner.

Two candidates advanced to the second round - incumbent President Boris Yeltsin and Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov, who received the largest number of votes in the first round. As a result, the president was again elected Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin

THIRD ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA - 2000

On December 31, 1999, Boris Yeltsin announced the early resignation of the President of the Russian Federation and appointed the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation as Acting Head of State

Vladimir Putin.

Early presidential elections were held on March 26, 2000. 11 candidates took part in them.

Vladimir Putin was elected President of Russia , who participated in the elections in the order of self-nomination. The official entry into office took place on May 7.

In total, 109 million 372 thousand 46 people were included in the voter lists. 75 million 181 thousand 71 voters (68.74%) took part in the elections

FOURTH RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION - 2004

On March 14, 2004, regular elections were held in accordance with the new version of the law "On the Elections of the President of the Russian Federation", which entered into force on January 16, 2003.

6 candidates fought for the highest post of the state.

Vladimir Putin , who took part in the elections as an independent candidate, was elected president for a second term.

In total, 108 million 064 thousand 281 voters were included in the voter lists at the end of voting, 69 million 581 thousand 761 voters took part in the voting (64.39%)

FIFTH ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA - 2008

On March 2, 2008, 4 candidates fought for the highest post. Russian President Vladimir Putin, according to the country's Constitution, had no right to run for this post

for the third time in a row.

The final turnout was 69.81%. As a result of the vote, the President of the country was elected Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev , First Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of the Russian Federation, nominated by United Russia and supported by the parties A Just Russia, Civil Power and the Agrarian Party of Russia.

SEVENTH ELECTION PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA - 2018

The turnout in the presidential elections in Russia was 67.54%.

The result of Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin was a record, since in 2000 he received 52.94% of the vote, that is, he was supported by 39.74 million people, in 2004 the current master of the Kremlin scored 71.31% - more than 49.563 million voters, and in the elections in 2012, Putin was supported by 45.602 million Russians (63.60%).

In 2018, the current head of state was elected for a new six-year term. Vladimir Putin , winning the election with a score of 76.69% of the vote

Theme of the day - elections Teacher of social studies MBOU Uglovskaya secondary school Orlova Tamara Mikhailovna 2012

Elections- This is a legally legitimized procedure in which citizens determine who will represent their interests in various authorities.

Elections:

* strengthen the belief of ordinary people that they have the ability to control the government and its decisions

* help people show support or frustration with the current government

* this is an effective way of political education of the people

* this is a barometer of public opinion

Documents forming the basis of the electoral law and the electoral process

Constitution of the Russian Federation

Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of the Electoral Rights of Citizens of the Russian Federation"

Federal Law "On Elections of the President of the Russian Federation"

Federal Law "On Elections of Deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation"

Federal Law "On the Referendum of the Russian Federation"

Citizens of the Russian Federation

have the right to vote and be elected

to public authorities

and local governments,

and participate in the referendum.

Constitution of the Russian Federation, article 32

The electoral rights of citizens are the constitutional right to elect and be elected to public authorities and elected bodies of local self-government.

Suffrage

active law

the right to choose and

recall deputies, participate

in plebiscites, referendums

Passive right

the right of a citizen to be elected to the representative bodies of the state

There are different types of choices:

• regular - are held after the expiration of the term of office of the elected body established by law;

2. early elections - are held in connection with the termination of the previously announced term of office of electoral authorities or elected officials;

3. elections of deputies in the order of rotation. Can be carried out in relation to a part of the deputies of the representative body of state power in the manner and within the time limits established by law;

4. by-elections (by-elections) - are appointed in case of vacancies during the term of office of the collegial body;

5. repeated elections - are held when the elections held are recognized invalid or invalid by the decision of the court or the election commission.

Electoral systems:

Majority(Belarus, USA, UK, France

proportional(Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Czech Republic)

The system of representation of parties and movements, based on the fact that each party receives a number of mandates in a representative body of power in proportion to the number of votes cast for its candidates in elections

absolute majority

A candidate is considered elected if he/she receives an absolute majority of votes, i.e. 50% + 1 vote

relative majority

The winner is the candidate who receives a simple majority of votes.

mixed- based on the principles of majoritarian and proportional systems. (France, Italy, Russia (from 1993 to 2006), Poland)

Features of the majority system:

• There is a close relationship between deputies and voters, because the constituencies are single-member and each deputy represents his region;
• A party (or electoral bloc) that loses the election in a single-mandate constituency, that is, which receives, for example, 49% of the votes (a small minority), may not be represented in parliament at all.
• Often, deputies are elected that are convenient for the authorities of a given region, or representatives of power structures themselves;
• Elections can cause social tension in an unstable society
• Features of the proportional system:
• Social, ethnic, confessional and other groups can be widely represented in a representative body (it is enough to create your own party)
• Deputies elected on party lists are responsible not only to the people, but also to their political party.

Main stages of the electoral process

1. Announcement of the date of the elections

She is appointed by the President of the Russian Federation, as a rule, on a Sunday.

2. Compilation of voter lists

(The voter lists include all citizens of the Russian Federation who have an active right to vote on voting day. The voter list is submitted for public review no later than 30 days before election day.)

Formation of electoral districts and electoral commissions

What are they, election commissions?

Central Electoral Commission

Election commissions of the subjects of the federation

District election commissions

Territorial (district, city and other) election commissions

Precinct election commissions

Candidates have the right to nominate:

Electoral associations and direct electoral blocs voters

Types of associations: party, front, union, etc. Most often, parties participate in elections. An electoral bloc is a voluntary association of two or more public associations. He has voting rights

The State Duma

Federal Assembly

Russian Federation

The State Duma

The Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation consists of 450 deputies and

elected for a term of five years.

State Council of the Russian Federation

consists of 100 deputies and is elected for a term of

five years.

As a full citizen, you can:

To take part in a referendum, in elections from the age of 18 and choose:

• the President of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the State Duma;
• Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the State Council of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the representative body of local self-government of the city or district in which you live.

THE VOTER HAS THE RIGHT...

in the referendum

participate in the election

agitation,

if the citizen is over 18 years old.

... Keep your choice secret, no matter who is interested in it.

… Young voters can work in the election headquarters of candidates, clubs of voters, take part in the volunteer movement.

THE VOTER IS NOT RIGHT...

… Take actions that violate the secrecy of the vote.

… When filling out the ballot, use a pencil.

…Conduct campaigning on election day.

…Accept gifts from anyone if their purpose is to draw your attention to a particular candidate or party.

General data on election results are posted in the media, on the Internet

Thanks to the latest information

technologies data protocols of precinct

Election commissions (PECs) are placed

on the Internet in on-line mode as they are introduced into the state automated

Election system.

Current parties:

• United Russia
• Fair Russia
• Patriots of Russia
• just cause
• Apple

Leader: Putin V.V.

Foundation date:

Ideology:

Russian conservatism, social conservatism

Leader: Mironov S.M.

Foundation date:

Ideology: social democracy, socialism.

Leader: Zhirinovsky V.V.

Ideology: conservatism, patriotism, statism, pan-Slavism, anti-globalism

Leader: Zyuganov G.A.

Foundation date:

Ideology: Marxism-Leninism, socialism, patriotism.

Leader: Semigin G.Yu.

Foundation date:

Ideology: patriotism, socialism.

Leader: Dunaev A.G.

Ideology: liberalism, neoliberalism, liberal conservatism, liberal nationalism.

"APPLE"

Yavlinsky G.A.

Foundation date:

Ideology: social liberalism, social democracy.

The fourth extra

What color is not on the Russian flag?

• Red
• Blue
• Yellow
• White

Who is not the president of Russia?

• D. A. Medvedev
• V.V. Putin
• B.N. Yeltsin
• M. S. Gorbachev

Last date for elections to the State Duma?

• November 16, 2012
• August 08, 2011
• December 4, 2011

• January 4, 2012
• February 4, 2012
• April 4, 2012
• March 4, 2012

since it is:

1. The most important right and duty of a person in a democratic society.

2. The ability to shape public policy.

3. The ability to avoid adverse consequences for the state as a whole.

Basic terms and concepts

Elections are a form of direct expression of the will of citizens, carried out in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal laws, constitutions (charters), laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, charters of municipalities

A voter is a citizen of the Russian Federation with an active right to vote

Election Campaign - Activities for the Preparation and Conduct of Elections

An election commission is a collegial body formed in the manner and within the time limits established by law, which organizes and ensures the preparation and conduct of elections.

An electoral association is a political party that, in accordance with federal law, has the right to participate in elections.

Active suffrage - the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to elect to state authorities and local governments

Passive suffrage - the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to be elected to state authorities and local governments

Constituency - a territory that is formed (determined) in accordance with the law and from which a deputy (deputies), an elected official is directly elected by the citizens of the Russian Federation

Candidate - a person nominated in accordance with the procedure established by the Federal Law as a candidate for a position to be filled through elections

Referendum is a form of direct expression of the will of the citizens of the Russian Federation on the most important issues of state and local importance

This presentation can be used:

*when conducting lessons of history and social studies.

*for extracurricular activities.

* To agitate the younger generation participating in elections for the first time.

Materials used:

1. Constitution of the Russian Federation, M., "Prospect" - 2009;

2. Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of the Electoral Rights of Citizens of the Russian Federation";

3. http://izbiratel.ru/

4. http://www.cikrf.ru/

5. http://www.ikso.org/

6. http://www.adm-serov.ru/ http:/

7. /images.yandex.ru/yandsearch?ed

8. http://www.vseslova.ru

slide 2

“A person who has a healthy sense of justice is a free subject of rights” I.A. Ilyin

slide 3

Elections are the central institution of a democratic constitutional state