Aerated concrete is a modern building material that resembles foam concrete in structure, but differs in air bubbles located inside. The hollow structure of aerated concrete absorbs moisture well, which requires external finishing of the material. The better to plaster the walls of aerated concrete is discussed in the proposed article.

For the manufacture of material are used:

• quartz sand - the basis of the mixture;
• lime;
• cement;
• water;
• aluminum powder is added during the manufacturing process of the material. It acts as the main blowing agent and gives the material a specific structure.

Advice: When purchasing aerated concrete, it must be borne in mind that the pores of the blocks, unlike foam concrete, are open. This determines the features of its application and decoration.

Comparative characteristics of foam concrete and aerated concrete are presented in the table:

Foam concrete	Aerated concrete
In its structure, air bubbles do not connect to each other, which increases the resistance of the material to wetting.	Air bubbles are interconnected, which allows moisture to move freely through them.
Good qualities of frost resistance and thermal conductivity.	Gives off warmth and freezes from frost.
The inner layer of the plaster layer must be twice as thick as the outer	The walls should be plastered indoors and then on the facade of the building.
To improve adhesion, the walls must be sanded, then thoroughly sanded to remove the upper hydrophobized layer. Due to poor moisture absorption, to increase adhesion, a spray of solution is done, and then a base coat is applied.	Higher adhesion rates

When plastering the outer surfaces of aerated concrete, its high hygroscopicity must be taken into account.

This requires the use of non-standard plasters, which over time will not lead to:

• Cracking of the internal and external surfaces of the building, as in the photo.

• Manifestation of traces from masonry after fog or rain, which impairs the visual parameters of the walls.
• Changes in technical characteristics.

• An increase in indoor humidity.
• The appearance of mold in the corners of rooms.

For finishing external surfaces, special facade plasters are used. A special danger for aerated concrete slabs is temperature drops and high frosts.

During operation, a certain amount of liquid begins to accumulate inside the structures, which will expand when freezing and can greatly harm the structures of the structure. Plastering aerated concrete bases is possible only with mixtures that have good water-repellent properties that do not prevent moisture from evaporating from the walls.

For exterior finishing of aerated concrete, the plaster must have:

• Good adhesion parameters.
• High compressive strength.
• Frost resistance.

Tip: Owners of buildings made of aerated concrete blocks need to take into account that external wall decoration is carried out only after all internal facing work. Otherwise, when carrying out "wet" interior finishing work, the walls will absorb a significant amount of moisture, which will subsequently evaporate.

If the external facade is finished before applying the internal plaster, with its intensive evaporation, the external plaster layer will peel off from the surface of the aerated concrete. After the interior decoration of the room, you can revet the walls of the house from the outside with special compounds with the highest vapor permeability.

Advice: Facades cannot be plastered using standard cement-sand mixtures due to their insufficiently high vapor permeability properties.

Plaster for aerated concrete

For wall decoration, a vapor-permeable plaster for aerated concrete is used, which is well permeable to water vapor, does not get wet, with good adhesion to the surface of the blocks and high frost resistance.

Plaster type	Material features
	Acrylic aerated concrete plasters are used to reinforce structures with increased stress, such as a plinth. They are used for interior and exterior decoration of the house. Used for decorative coating. They keep their color and invariable texture for a long time. They have good adhesion. Disadvantages of the material: Not too high vapor permeability. Burning. Tip: When choosing such a material, you must first waterproof the walls.
	The basis of the composition is liquid glass. It is a breathable aerated concrete plaster. Has a low water absorption. Acceptable price. There are many textures that can be: scratches, roughness, pits. They are used for plastering facades and internal walls made of aerated concrete, on the material itself and insulating elements for it. Disadvantages: a small choice of colors, loss of appearance due to the deposition of dust and dirt on the surfaces of the walls.
	Silicone plaster for aerated concrete is made on the basis of organic silicon polymers. Possesses great resistance to harmful atmospheric influences. Practically does not get wet, the mixture is hydrophobic. Has a high vapor permeability. Easy to apply. Such plaster mixes for aerated concrete do not lose their pleasant appearance for a long time. Disadvantage: high cost, but over time, it is likely to pay off. In this case, it is appropriate to remember that the miser pays twice.
	Composition advantages: Dries quickly. Does not shrink. You can make a smooth surface. No need to apply a top coat. Disadvantages of gypsum plaster: Not very good vapor permeability. It gets wet quickly in rain or snow. Spots appear on the surface that need to be painted over.

Lime-cement plaster

All the necessary properties are inherent in lightweight thin-layer plasters, specially created for finishing aerated concrete surfaces. An example of such a plaster can be - Baumit HandPutz for wall decoration with your own hands, produced in bags weighing 25 kilograms.

Its main physical properties are shown in the table:

Indicator name	Its meaning
Granularity, mm	1
Material bending strength, tensile, N / mm2	≥0,5
Compressive strength of the composition, N / mm²	≥3,5
Vapor permeation resistance coefficient μ,	15
Thermal conductivity coefficient λ, W / mK	0,8
Density of the mixture in dry form, kg / m³	1600
Liquid consumption, liter / bag	6-7
Consumption of the mixture (with a thickness of the applied layer of 1 cm), kg / m2	15
Minimum plaster layer, mm	5
Maximum plaster layer, mm	20

Advice: Before plastering aerated concrete with this plaster, it is necessary to spray the previously cleaned wall surface with Baumit Vorspritze mortar.

Material selection

To choose which plaster is better to plaster the walls of aerated concrete, you need to purchase a plaster composition that meets the characteristics:

• good vapor permeability;
• the optimal volume of liquid for mixing the mixture: for one kilogram of the mixture - no more than 0.2 liters of water;
• certain values ​​of the minimum and maximum thickness of plastering;
• good adhesion to the base of at least 0.5 MPa;
• resistance to negative temperatures;
• high resistance to cracking;
• long pot life of the mixture, the larger it is, the easier it is to work with the solution, especially for beginners.

The procedure for plastering walls from aerated concrete

Before starting work, it is better to get acquainted with the video in this article.

Tip: Aerated concrete building blocks are fairly flat with almost invisible seams. It is not necessary to use plaster mortars for leveling surfaces. It is enough to apply only a thin layer of the mixture.

The instructions for plastering walls offer the following procedure for carrying out work:

• Surface priming. A compound specially designed for aerated concrete, the surface of which actively absorbs moisture, is applied with a brush or roller.

• A reinforcing mesh is mounted, which is attached to the surface with self-tapping screws (see How to attach a plaster mesh to a wall).

• The walls are finished with a thin layer of plaster.

Correctly selected plaster mixes for aerated concrete blocks allow you to make your home not only beautiful, but also warm, retaining all its positive characteristics for a long time.

In the struggle for the popularity and frequency of use of the material, aerated concrete comes out on top. Mostly their choice lies in the simplicity and high speed of the construction of the building, as well as, as a result, warmer rooms. In this article, we will analyze the main types of plastering material, since this is the most popular and acceptable finishing option.

Exterior decoration of aerated concrete house

What is aerated concrete?

Aerated concrete blocks have become popular for a reason, this is justified by the many advantages of their use. Not an unimportant factor for developers using them is their low cost, with good strength and protective qualities. In addition to the low price, they retain heat well inside the premises and do not lose their shape during long-term operation, in addition, aerated concrete meets all the required material standards for construction.

Since this material has some differences from others used for decoration, it is worth paying special attention to the selection of finishing material. As a rule, plaster is the most optimal material. It is great for aerated concrete walls, but the choice of the composition of the plaster should be approached thoroughly.

Laying of aerated concrete blocks

From which side do you need to start finishing the house from aerated concrete?

As a rule, plastering starts from the interior, and then from the outer walls. Preparation for plastering on aerated concrete blocks should also be started first from the inner walls. After the plastering of the inner walls has been made, the moisture must evaporate, and only then can the facade be plastered from the outside.

Types of plasters for aerated concrete, their brief description

As mentioned earlier, this material is one of the best finishing options for aerated concrete blocks. There are several good reasons for this, but we will analyze the main types of aerated concrete facade plaster and their features.

Cement-sand

Application of cement-sand plaster

Plaster from a mixture of sand and cement is considered the easiest to manufacture and with a low cost. However, this option is not very suitable for aerated concrete due to its low vapor permeability.

Silicate

An important and special property of glass-based plaster is its resistance to fire.

For this type of material, potassium glass is the element of the bond. This facade plaster for aerated concrete is the most acceptable when applying and when performing the finishing layer. Its advantages can be considered good application to the coating, even such as aerated concrete, high vapor permeability and moisture repellency. As for the disadvantages, a small disadvantage can be attributed to a small variety of colors of plaster, but this is easily corrected by applying coloring materials. The mixture in stores is sold completely ready-made. The cost is not very high, slightly higher than the price of dry mineral mixtures.

Acrylic

Acrylic plaster for aerated concrete is appropriate only if the walls are of high-quality waterproofing

It is also considered one of the best finishing options for aerated concrete, but with some additional conditions. This plaster for foam blocks is only suitable for well-ventilated facades and with well-made waterproofing on the inside of the wall. Such requirements are due to low vapor permeability indicators, but they are still better than those of cement-sand. Neglecting additional wall protection will lead to the accumulation of steam in the walls, which in turn will lead to the destruction of the finishing layer.

Silicone

Silicone plaster is more elastic than acrylic

During the manufacture of this type of finishing material, polymers are used. This is the best option for aerated concrete finishing and the best option of all types of plastering. The main advantages include a long service life without losing the original properties and shape, a good level of vapor permeability, as well as resistance to environmental influences and protection from moisture. Also, the most significant advantage for using this plaster in the construction of aerated concrete is its plasticity in the final version, which does not lead to cracks during the shrinkage of the building.

Buying this plaster in a store, it will already be ready. Unlike other plastering options, silicone has a wide range of colors to choose from, even without staining. With the help of a large selection of different fillers, it is possible to create a unique, special coating. The only drawback that can be noted here is the very high price.

What is the best plaster for foam concrete?

Which plaster for walls from foam blocks is most suitable is one of the most common questions. You can answer it with a simple statement, the higher the adhesion rate of the plaster mixture, the more it is suitable for use on a foam concrete wall.

Especially for the finishing of foam concrete blocks, such mixtures have been developed as Ceresit ST 24 (419 rubles / 25 kg), BELSILK T-32 (373 rubles / 20 kg), KAVERPLIX TS117 (454 rubles / 25 kg), PROFIT CONTACT MN (155 rubles / 25 kg), ATLAS KB-TYNK (488 rubles / 30 kg) and others.

Why is it not worth plastering aerated concrete with cement-sand plaster?

Emphasizing the many years of experience of builders, one can unequivocally answer that cement-sand plaster for aerated concrete is not suitable. Why not use this plaster for aerated concrete walls is not known to many, so now we will analyze the main reasons for this. Well, the first thing that can be noted is the poor adhesion of this plaster to a smooth aerated concrete wall.

Cement-sand plaster for aerated concrete is used only under the condition of enhanced waterproofing on the inside of the walls and high-quality ventilation of the premises

The first significant reason is the vapor permeability parameter, which is lower for this plaster than for the aerated concrete block itself. And the same reason is considered the key in the rejection of the use of cement-sand plaster. And this reason comes out of one very important rule in construction, when selecting a finishing material for walls made of aerated concrete, the vapor permeability indicator should be equal to or higher than aerated concrete. Otherwise, this leads to a deterioration in the microclimate of the house itself.

The second serious reason is the high moisture content of this plaster. This is due to the way the mixture is prepared for use by itself, since water should be added to the cement with sand to start mixing. Aerated concrete itself has such a property as the absorption of moisture, which will certainly begin to occur when applying cement-sand plaster, which in turn will lead to a deterioration in its quality and the level of adhesion of the finish to the wall.

Well, the last significant reason that does not allow choosing this material is the low adhesion rate. And as mentioned earlier, this will not allow you to establish sufficient adhesion between the wall of aerated concrete and plaster.

The best manufacturers of plaster mix

We have already figured out which plaster for the facade of a house made of aerated concrete is best suited, at this point we will analyze the best manufacturers, excluding manufacturers of cement-based plaster, since it is not suitable for aerated concrete. The most popular types and manufacturers will be considered here, but today there are so many manufacturers of plaster mix that it will take much more time to consider even the best ones.

The best gypsum plasters:

• KNAUF ROTBAND one of the best when choosing plaster for aerated concrete. This manufacturer has established itself as one of the best over the years. It should be noted that this plaster has a very good adhesion indicator, which is the best indicator for aerated concrete. Also good indicators are vapor permeability, fire resistance, environmental friendliness and good drying of the mixture with good final plasticity.
• VETONIT PROFI GIPS REINFORCED also one of the best options, with a good adhesion rate. The other advantages include quick and easy application, good plasticity, which does not lead to the formation of cracks in the final version. Of the minuses, there are options with fast solidification, which does not allow smooth and high-quality smoothing of the layer.
• VOLMA LAYER domestic version of gypsum plaster with the addition of mineral components. The advantages include a good adhesion rate, environmental friendliness, and the absolute purity of the material. Of the minuses, a rapid loss of elasticity during mixing can be noted.
• CERESIT CT 35 an excellent type of decorative plaster from one of the most famous companies. High quality production, a wide range of color choices, the best resistance to ultraviolet rays, as well as the effect of low temperatures. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the accelerated hardening of the final mixture and the high price.
• UNIS TEPLON a good type of plaster, which has a feature that distinguishes it from all competitors, namely the acquisition of a snow-white shade when dried. In addition, the advantages include a reasonable price and the greatest layer thickness. A serious disadvantage, due to which this plaster is not always suitable, is low adhesion. This also leads to limitations in the choice of the scope.
• one of the most optimal options due to the ability to use the mixture before drying for an hour and a half. At the same time, the price for this plaster is not high. And thanks to its good adhesion properties and a large layer thickness, it is excellent for aerated concrete walls. The disadvantages include the possibility of cracks appearing after drying.

Osnovit gypsum plaster

The best synthetic resin plasters:

• CAPAROL STREICHPUTZ perhaps the best plaster of this type. It has such advantages as good resistance to environmental influences, excellent strength and plastic properties, while the layers are thin. An environmentally friendly material that allows you to use this plaster on aerated concrete both outside and inside. The only drawback is the high cost of the mixture.
• MAPEI NIVOPLAN excellent and versatile material suitable for a wide range of works. In addition to versatility and excellent adhesion properties, the material also has a low price, but it is quite difficult to find this product on the market and it is rare where it can be found.

Mapei Nivoplan solution

Plastering technology for aerated concrete facades

Plastering walls from foam blocks is the same important construction moment as others, and therefore it is just as important here to comply with all the necessary rules and requirements and to know in detail the technology of this process. Unlike many other finishing technologies with materials, this one does not cause any particular difficulties, but it also has its own characteristics that everyone who decides to finish with mixtures needs to know.

When can aerated concrete walls be plastered?

To proceed to the process of applying plaster to aerated concrete, you must first finish the internal work. The most important thing is to complete all work in the process of which moisture is released. After that, you should pay attention to the blocks themselves, they must be dry before applying the plaster. This is done in order to prevent flaking of the final layer due to the release of steam.

The requirements for weather conditions are as follows, the recommended work temperature ranges from + 5 ... + 30 ° C, and the relative humidity should not exceed 80%. If during this period the work was not completed, do not start applying the material during the frost period. The best solution would be to apply a primer in 2 layers until spring; Ceresit ST-17 is the best primer option.

Surface preparation

The good news is that there is no need for a special special alignment of the walls, since the surface of the aerated concrete is flat. The adhesive used during installation also serves to level the surface if there are noticeable chips or dents.

This process is as follows: a little glue is taken with a spatula and carefully applied to the groove until the surface is completely leveled. All that remains superfluous is removed, and the material should be left for a little so that it can dry. The seams are sealed in exactly the same way. After all the procedures for leveling and hardening the glue, make small scuffs necessary to get rid of minor flaws. The final preparation is processing with a fine brush to remove dust after all types of work.

All cracks and dents must be repaired with a mortar.

What and how to properly prime the foam block?

For walls made of aerated concrete, a primer should be used that strengthens and with deep penetration. Using such a material, a surface is created that allows steam to pass through well, but does not allow the blocks to absorb unwanted moisture. Also, to the pluses of the mandatory use of a primer, it serves to create the best adhesion between a block of aerated concrete and plaster. The best way to do this is: Knauf Grundiermittel, Siltek E-110, Aerated concrete-contact-1.

The layers of the primer are influenced by climatic conditions, as a rule, from 1 to 3 layers are used. Application is carried out using a roller, which allows the primer to be applied fairly evenly. To avoid gaps in the most difficult to reach places, a small brush should be used.

You can prime the walls with a roller.

Reinforcement of walls from aerated block

For reinforcement, a mesh is used, which is installed, as a rule, directly on the mortar, with a consistent and accurate deepening. Then, using a spatula, rubbing and leveling are performed. If the edges of the reinforcement mesh are still visible, a little plaster should be added to align and completely hide the reinforcement. In this way, a grid is installed around the entire perimeter of the house, as a rule, this happens with an overlap. This is done so that cracks do not appear in adjacent areas after drying.

As a rule, special profiles with an already fixed mesh are installed at the corners. This process occurs in the same way as with the mesh, the profile is gently pressed into the solution at the corners with a depression and then the layer is leveled. You should be aware that such profiles are also used on the corners of window and door openings. After that, the alignment also takes place and bringing to a perfectly smooth surface. After the installation of the reinforcement is completed and the layer is completely leveled, the plaster is left to dry completely.

Reinforcing mesh facilitates plastering

Plaster

It is not necessary to reinforce a layer of plaster up to 10 mm thick if the walls are properly primed. If the layer is thicker, then the reinforcement is made without fail. The plaster should be applied to the prepared surface. If reinforcement is necessary, these processes are combined, since the reinforcement takes place directly into the plaster itself. After the layer is applied and leveled, drying occurs.

For applying plaster, as a rule, a spatula is used, it is also used to remove excess. If the climatic conditions are harsh and the weather is predominantly cold, several layers are applied with leveling and drying of each, the completion of the work occurs after the application and drying of the finishing layer.

Facade plaster of aerated concrete blocks

Finishing

To complete the plaster work, a wide spatula is used, and they apply the final layer on aerated concrete. A favorable thickness range is 4-10 mm. It is worth approaching this process thoroughly and prepared, because any slightest mistake leads to the formation of defects and irregularities that will be visible. So that in the course of work there are no stripes left with adjacent conduits with a spatula, all unnecessary should be immediately removed.

After the work is over, and the mixture begins to set, grouting of the walls begins. Typically, a metal grater is used for this process. Smoothing of the final layer occurs after pressing the float and carrying out the movement in a circle.

If you decide to paint the plaster, then this is done only after the final layer of plaster has dried. In exactly the same way, decorative plastering on the final dried layer occurs.

Plastering grid

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Plastering walls from aerated concrete inside a residential building is one of the best options to preserve the heat-saving properties of the enclosing structures.

The use of aerated concrete blocks as a building material is almost ideal for low-rise housing. Private houses built from them have such advantages as low weight (and, therefore, do not require the construction of too strong foundations), low thermal conductivity and an affordable price. At the same time, an increase in the humidity of the blocks leads to a deterioration in its heat-saving characteristics and to a heavier structure. To protect the walls, aerated concrete wall plaster is required - sometimes external, but most often internal.

Finishing features

When performing internal plastering of aerated concrete, it is worth considering the features of this material and differences from more traditional brick, concrete and stone. First of all, this applies to the cellular structure of the blocks, which were originally considered a heater, and only then they began to be used for the construction of the walls themselves. Due to the open structure, which is the result of the addition of a special blowing agent (aluminum powder) to its composition, aerated concrete has a high level of vapor permeability. This characteristic is one of the main ones when choosing a material and finishing method.

Regardless of the choice of how to plaster aerated concrete, finishing work should begin from the inside, and only then deal with the facade of the building. Changing the order and performing first external, and only then internal finishing, leads to too high humidity in the room. Escaping (especially in severe frost) steam condenses in the walls at the border of aerated concrete and finishing. The moisture created in this case can lead to cracks in the plaster and the falling off of its pieces. That is why the interior finishing work is performed in the first place.

Choice of method and material

When performing finishing work, plastering of aerated concrete walls is performed in one of two main ways. The meaning of the first is not only to preserve, but even to increase the vapor permeability of the blocks. The second, on the contrary, assumes complete vapor barrier. The advantages of maintaining vapor permeability lie in the creation of an optimal microclimate, and the option with insulating the walls - in the safety of the exterior finish, which is not affected by steam escaping from the building.

Unsuccessful options

It is not recommended to use cement mortar for plastering aerated concrete inside. The first reason is that smooth blocks do not allow the material to stick. The cement layer quickly falls off, and the finishing has to be done again. Secondly, the best option for plastering blocks is considered to be a material with the same or greater vapor permeability index compared to aerated concrete. For cement, this characteristic is much lower, which does not allow maintaining normal conditions inside the building. For the same reason, the answer to the question whether it is possible to plaster expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam will be negative.

In addition, the cement-sand mortar has a high humidity due to the significant amount of water required for its preparation. Aerated concrete structures with a high water absorption rate absorb liquid from the finishing material. The quality of the mortar, which requires uniform drying for curing, decreases, as does its ability to adhere to the walls. As a result, cracks appear on the plaster, and its quality decreases, bringing the next repair closer.

You should not choose a special adhesive mixture for finishing aerated concrete inside. Despite the fact that it is designed taking into account the peculiarities of the material, it is advisable to apply the glue in a thin layer, which is not suitable for protecting against cracks. As soon as the vapor permeability of the block is broken, they will immediately appear on the surface of the thin-layer plaster for aerated concrete from the adhesive mixture;

• cracks;
• seam marks;
• and even mold.

Breathable finish

When choosing the option of finishing walls made of aerated concrete indoors while maintaining the natural vapor permeability of the material, they use plaster mixes on gypsum and gypsum putty. Due to the slaked lime and perlite sand in their composition, water vapor easily penetrates through the plaster layer. Another advantage of this option is that there is no need to prime the surface of the enclosing structures.

Slightly less often, mixtures containing a high content of such natural materials with a high degree of vapor permeability are used as internal plaster of aerated concrete walls:

• chalk;
• marble;
• dolomite;
• limestone.

Their vapor permeability indicators are higher in comparison not only with internal, but even with external plaster, and the dried solution is easily rubbed off, acquiring ideal whiteness. The resulting coating has excellent durability and allows further finishing.

You should know: Due to the porous structure of concrete, it is recommended to putty it only after applying a primer. If this is not done, cracks will appear on the putty.

Vapor barrier finish

When choosing the finishing of aerated concrete indoors with the elimination of vapor permeability, that is, with complete insulation of the enclosing structures, one of the materials is polyethylene film. The easiest and fastest way to fix it on the walls is to lay it under one of the finishing layers. However, the speed and ease of installation does not matter if condensation forms on the structures finished in this way and the plaster swells. A more suitable option for plastering aerated concrete inside a house is a sand-cement mixture, which does not contain additives in the form of dolomite flour or lime. With its help, vapor permeability decreases several times, but the possibility of plaster peeling increases after a while.

Additionally, to reduce vapor barrier, without too much affecting the quality of the finish, will help:

• oil paint, which covers the walls at the final stage of work;
• applying 3-4 layers of special composition as a primer for aerated concrete;
• using adhesives before applying the plaster. In this case, you can even do without the use of putty. Adhesives have the same properties and, in fact, replace it.

Features of work

To finish the aerated concrete with your own hands, you need to use the same tools that are needed for ordinary plastering. To prepare a plaster mixture, a special container is needed - such as a plastic tank or a bucket made of the same material. They should be large enough to accommodate all the ingredients for the plaster.

Water is added to the dry mixture that is poured into the tank. The mixture is mixed to the desired state with a drill with a nozzle or a construction mixer. As a rule, it is possible to determine the proportions of material and liquid by the inscriptions on packages with building materials.

Plaster of aerated concrete walls is applied inside the room by "throwing" with the help such tools as:

• Master OK;
• plastering bucket;
• trowel.

The surface is rubbed with a trowel. And the excess solution from the wall can be removed with a half-scrubber. It is required to level the wall with the help of beacons, and to pull together the plaster mortar is the rule. Another tool that you cannot do without when performing work is a rail length from floor to ceiling. With its help, defects on the walls are checked - deviations of no more than 6-7 mm are considered permissible.

Plastering process

Having decided the question of how to plaster the walls of aerated concrete, they proceed directly to the performance of the work. They begin, like all surface finishing methods, with the preparation of the base. The blocks are cleaned of the mixture residues and the seams between them are closed. Before plastering aerated concrete indoors, a layer is applied to the porous surface.

Solutions for aerated concrete blocks, assuming the preservation of vapor permeability, also
they are able to pass steam, differing not only in high water-repelling properties, but also in the ability to strengthen the enclosing structures. The primer is required to be applied not in one layer, but in several. In this case, it must be taken into account that a new application is carried out only over a completely dried old one.

1. Anchoring the mesh for block reinforcement. Due to the large size of each aerated concrete product, the value of their adhesion to finishing materials is small. And to increase the strength, reinforcement with a material is used, which contains an alkali-resistant fiber. Can be used for a gas block mesh "chain-link" with a small cell size. For its fastening, the use of 120 mm nails is required, which are well driven into aerated concrete;
2. If reinforcement is not used (it is necessary to decide whether a mesh is needed when plastering aerated concrete at the stage of choosing materials), the adhesion of the finishing layers to aerated concrete is ensured by grooves intersecting each other, made by any suitable tools - for example, a hacksaw.
3. Application of the first layer of material (pre-selected, the better to plaster aerated concrete) on the mesh. At the same time, the "spraying" technology is used, which ensures the complete filling of the aerated concrete cells, and the leveling of the first layer is not carried out, which improves the adhesion to the next layer of plaster.

When applying the priming solution over the rough aerated concrete plaster, it is required to maintain the layer thickness at the level of 4–5 mm. Adding slag sand to the primer is recommended. When applying the finishing plaster layer, it is advisable to use building material, which contains fine sand, which increases the smoothness of the blocks.

Gas silicate-based blocks are widely used as building materials for the construction of buildings. They provide increased thermal insulation of buildings, however, due to the porous structure, they absorb moisture. The plaster mixture allows to form a protective covering of the wall. First, the rough plaster for gas silicate blocks is laid on the prepared surface. Then a thin layer of mortar is applied and grouting is performed. Covering a wall of aerated concrete, plastered with dry mixes, prevents cracking of the material due to waterlogging.

Properties of a gas silicate material and its protection with a plaster layer

Silicate blocks are a modern building material with a cellular structure. They are made from a mixture of quartz sand and cement, to which aluminum powder and lime are added. When the ingredients are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, as a result of which the gas silicate solution increases its volume and then hardens in special forms.

Gas silicate-based blocks are used as a building material for the construction of buildings.

As a result of the gas formation reaction, the blocks acquire a porous structure, which determines the main operational characteristics of the material:

• reduced thermal conductivity. Gas silicate walls reduce heat losses and reduce heating costs;
• the ability to absorb noise. Cells unevenly distributed inside the blocks prevent extraneous noise from entering the room;
• increased vapor permeability. Air exchange is carried out through the pores, which improves the microclimate of the dwelling.

In addition, the blocks have energy saving properties. They gradually accumulate heat energy, which is then transferred to the room and increases the temperature in it.

• reduced weight;
• increased strength characteristics;
• increased volume;
• correct geometry;
• minimum dimensional tolerances;
• good workability;
• ecological cleanliness;
• frost resistance;
• fire safety.

In the field of low-rise construction, silicate blocks have proven themselves positively

The need to plaster the surface of porous blocks is associated with the following material properties:

• increased hygroscopicity. Porous gas silicate is prone to moisture absorption, which causes gradual destruction of the material at negative temperatures, and also contributes to the development of microorganisms. To prevent cracking of the blocks, they are plastering;
• reduced adhesion of the cellular surface of the blocks with finishing materials. Plaster mixtures based on sand and cement, as well as lime-based plasters, do not adhere well to porous gas silicate. Completion of finishing measures allows to increase adhesion;
• moisture condensation inside the gas silicate array. As a result of intensive air exchange, which occurs in conditions of temperature differences, moisture accumulates inside the blocks. It makes it difficult for air vapors to leave the room and negatively affects the microclimate.

To ensure the adhesion of the gas silicate surface, the following work is carried out:

• cover the gas silicate with a special solution. The soil penetrating deep into the cellular gas silicate improves the adhesion properties;
• reinforce the gas silicate surface with a metal, nylon or fiberglass mesh. It allows you to apply an increased layer of plaster;
• sequentially apply several layers of plaster. The layered finish creates a smooth surface with improved adhesion properties.

The cellular structure is due to the need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks

The need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks and other products made of porous concrete is due to their cellular structure. The decoration of gas silicate walls is a must.

Appointment of plastering:

• preventing the destruction of gas silicate walls as a result of temperature fluctuations;
• protection of gas silicate blocks from intensive absorption of moisture and the development of microorganisms;
• improving the appearance of various buildings, the walls of which are erected from gas silicate blocks;
• reducing the volume of heat losses through the unprotected surface of the gas silicate walls;
• ensuring comfortable conditions inside the premises by providing increased sound insulation;
• leveling the surface of the walls after laying the blocks, which allows you to create a flat base for finishing;
• protection of block walls from cracking, which allows to increase the service life of the building.

Aerated concrete is susceptible to the influence of natural factors - the effects of precipitation, ultraviolet rays and weathering. In addition, the porous gas silicate is destroyed as a result of mechanical damage. Plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection throughout the period of operation.

Reliable protection is provided by plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks

We prepare the necessary tools and building materials

Preliminary preparation of building materials and the necessary tools will speed up the completion of finishing work and increase their productivity.

For plastering gas silicate walls, you should prepare:

• generally designed to stretch the plaster mix along the lighthouses. The length of the rule is chosen depending on the distance between the beacons;
• metal guides, called beacons, to ensure flatness. Lighthouses serve as a guide when working with a rule;
• drill with attachment or mixer. They are used to ensure accelerated and homogeneous mixing of the plaster;
• trowel and spatulas with an extended working surface. The tool is used for drawing and leveling the plaster mixture;
• plumb line, building level, tape measure. They are used in the marking process and are used for control during plastering activities.

You will also need a wide brush or roller to apply primer to the blocks. To perform the kneading, you need an appropriate container, and to fix the mesh, you will need nails or dowels.

Tool for plastering walls

In addition to tools, you must purchase the following materials:

• adhesive mixture for priming. It provides increased adhesion of plaster to gas silicate blocks;
• mesh for surface reinforcement. Mesh reinforcement prevents cracking and strengthens the finishing layer;
• dry mix for plastering. Ready-made plaster composition is easy to purchase in specialized stores.

Having prepared everything you need, proceed to work.

Plaster mixture for gas silicate blocks - the choice of quality plaster

Novice finishers and home craftsmen often ask the question of how to plaster gas silicate blocks, as well as what requirements are imposed on the plaster mixture.

In building supermarkets, it is easy to purchase plaster compositions from well-known manufacturers:

• Knauf;
• the Ceresit trademark;
• EuroMix;
• brand PROFIT.

Plastering compositions of well-known manufacturers are easy to purchase in building supermarkets.

Along with imported plaster mixes and primers, finishing mixes made by domestic manufacturers are also offered. The expanded range of plaster compounds makes it difficult for novice craftsmen to make the right decision. You can consult with the sellers of the construction departments how to plaster the gas silicate blocks inside. Professionals will offer the best option for plastering and will also advise on how to plaster the gas silicate blocks outside the building.

When purchasing ready-made plaster for external and internal finishing work, a number of factors should be taken into account:

• area of ​​use of plaster;
• adhesive properties of the mixture;
• resistance to negative temperatures;
• vapor permeability of the plaster after hardening;
• moisture insulating characteristics;
• ecological cleanliness of the finishing material;
• shelf life of the composition;
• manufacturer's image;
• setting duration.

If you have the necessary components, it is easy to prepare your own plaster mortar. To do this, take cement and lime in equal proportions, mix with three parts of sand and dilute the resulting mixture with water to the desired consistency. The addition of chalk will increase the plasticity of the plaster and make it easier to apply.

It is not difficult to prepare a plaster mortar yourself if you have the necessary components

Internal plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks - stages of work

According to the technology, the implementation of internal work on plastering gas silicate walls includes the following stages:

1. Cleaning the walls from dirt.
2. Impregnation of gas silicate material with a special primer.
3. Installation of the mesh to the gas silicate surface.
4. Layer-by-layer application of plaster mortar.
5. Final finishing activities.

Let's dwell on the features of each stage of work.

We prepare the wall surface for processing with a special primer

The preparation of the gas silicate surface is a crucial stage that ensures adhesion and affects the quality of plastering.

The critical stage is the preparation of the surface of the gas silicate

Preparatory activities include:

1. Dedusting of gas silicate.
2. Removal of old coating and dirt.
3. Degreasing problem areas.
4. Elimination of oily traces.
5. Increasing the depth of the seams of gas silicate masonry.

It is not always possible to remove oil and grease stains that have penetrated into the aerated block with a metal brush. In this case, they are cut with a chisel.

Applying a primer to aerated concrete of internal walls and partitions

Gas silicate treatment with a primer solves the following tasks:

• increases the adhesion of blocks with the finishing mixture;
• reliably seals internal cavities;
• gives the gas silicate surface additional roughness.

Apply the primer evenly

Blocks are primed using various methods:

• manually, using a paint brush or a wide roller;
• using a spray gun that allows you to cover an increased area.

The primer should be applied in an even layer, paying particular attention to hard-to-reach places in the area of ​​corners and openings. Plastering on gas silicate blocks is performed after the final drying of the soil.

We attach the reinforcing mesh to the gas silicate blocks

Reinforcement of the blocks with plaster mesh provides improved adhesion of the plaster. The mesh is fastened in various ways:

• by attaching the metal mesh to the gas silicate surface with dowels or nails;
• by pressing a fiberglass or nylon mesh into a previously sketched layer of the finishing compound.

Mesh reinforcement in combination with priming will allow for increased adhesion. After installing the mesh, beacons should be fixed, and the gas silicate surface should be moistened with a spray gun or a brush for better penetration of the finishing compound.

Allows to achieve increased adhesion mesh reinforcement in combination with priming

Plaster for gas silicate blocks - the process of finishing aerated concrete material

Let's figure out how to properly plaster walls from gas silicate blocks. Carry out plastering in the order indicated:

1. Trowel a layer of plaster mixture onto the gas silicate masonry.
2. Distribute the finishing compound along the guides as a rule.
3. Remove hardened plaster lumps after curing.

No need to try to ensure perfect flatness. You just need to distribute the mixture over the area of ​​the walls.

Applying the finishing layer after finishing rough work

At the final stage of finishing activities, the following works are performed:

1. The rough plaster is covered with primer.
2. Finishing gas silicate plaster is being carried out.
3. Irregularities are removed and a finishing putty is applied.

At the finishing stage, the internal plaster of walls made of gas silicate blocks acquires the necessary flatness in the process of grinding and grouting.

Finishing coat application

Plastering external walls with plastering compounds

It is used for the facade decoration of the building, to which ingredients are added to increase water resistance.

Such plastering of gas silicate blocks with cement mortar is performed according to the following algorithm:

1. The facade of the building is cleaned from contamination.
2. A primer is applied to the surface of the gas silicate.
3. Installation of a metal mesh is in progress.
4. Facade plaster for gas silicate blocks is applied.

An improved aesthetic appearance of the finish is achieved by coating the surface with paint.

Plastering of walls with a cement-sand mortar is used for facade decoration of a building

External and internal gas silicate wall plastering - useful tips

When performing plastering work on your own, you should follow the advice and recommendations of professional finishers.

They focus on the following nuances:

• performing work at a temperature of 5-30 degrees Celsius. At this ambient temperature, normal drying of the plaster is ensured;
• the need for layer-by-layer application of the finishing mixture. In this case, the finishing layer of plaster is applied only after the main one has dried;
• the expediency of wetting the surface. At elevated temperatures, spraying liquid prevents cracking;
• the ratio of the thickness of the external and internal finishing, equal to 2: 1. This allows you to shift the dew point and prevent moisture condensation inside the units.

Please also note that the optimum thickness of the inner finishing layer is 8-14 mm. Professionals pay attention to the fact that it is allowed to finish the gas silicate one month after the completion of the walls.

Conclusion

Self-made plastering of walls from gas silicate blocks can significantly save money. A well-made plaster will reliably protect the gas silicate blocks. When starting finishing work for the first time, carefully study the requirements of the technology and take seriously the choice of finishing material. Tips from experienced builders will help you avoid mistakes.

Correctly plastered walls are the key to high-quality house construction. Many people want to know how the internal plastering of aerated concrete walls should be carried out. The article will tell you all the nuances and sequence of decorative wall plaster.

Aerated concrete blocks are most often used in the construction of low-rise buildings.

Their main characteristics are presented in the table:

In the manufacture of aerated concrete blocks, aluminum powder is added to the solution, which acts as a gas generator. This creates an open cellular structure, which increases the vapor permeability of the blocks. Such characteristics must be taken into account when plastering aerated concrete inside or outside the house.

Plastering of aerated concrete should start from the inside of the building, and then its facade. This is due to the fact that the water used in "wet works" will go out through the blocks and the available ventilation.

Water vapor at a negative ambient temperature will condense inside the walls of the house and on the border of blocks with exterior decoration (see. Exterior decoration of a house made of aerated concrete is a responsible business). When freezing, moisture will lead to inevitable cracking of the plaster layer, and then peeling it off.

Advice: It is necessary to perform plastering of aerated concrete walls first inside the building.

Types of plaster

Internal decorative plaster for aerated concrete walls can be:

• Vapor permeable... It includes mixtures made on a gypsum basis. The best option is the Aegis TM35 plaster mix, which includes lime.

The mixture has a minimum weight, sufficiently high adhesion properties, good strength of the hardened coating layer.

• Vapor barrier... Differs in the presence of a large number of polymer impurities. It includes: plastic decorative interior plaster and ordinary cement-sand mixture without additives.

The best option than plastering the gas block inside is the usual inexpensive gypsum mixture used in conjunction with a vapor barrier primer.

Tip: To reduce the vapor permeability of a 10 mm thick plaster layer, the walls should be primed at least three times.

Plastering tools

The service life of the coating itself depends on the quality of the preparatory work. To do this, first of all, the necessary tool is purchased (see Tool for plastering walls: what is needed for work). Its main types are shown in the photo.

To plaster the walls with your own hands you will need:

• A plastering hammer with a pick or a small hatchet. With their help, protruding parts on the wall are knocked off, notches are made that increase the adhesion area of ​​the plaster mixture to the surface.
• Maklovitsa. This is a large brush used to coat walls with a deep penetrating primer that holds the surface layer to the wall and increases wall adhesion.
• Plumb line. Serves for hanging the verticality and determining the flatness of the plastered wall. Plumb lines help to build a "spider" that allows you to install beacons for applying plaster on a given plane.
• Building level.
• Square. Its difference from the joinery is in the size and the presence of a retractable rail.
• Strong nylon threads - for making a "spider".
• Perforator, hacksaw, chisel, nippers, metal scissors.

In order for the interior decoration of the plastered walls to be of better quality, you will also need such basic tools for applying plaster as:

• A bucket with a volume of up to 1 liter. With its help, it is quite convenient to throw a solution of any consistency on the surface to be plastered, it is good for them to measure the required amount of ingredients used to prepare the plaster mixture in small quantities.
• Plastering trowel. With this tool, the solution is thrown into those places where there is little of it.
• Falcon. It is a rectangle made of wood or metal measuring 40 x 40 centimeters with a handle perpendicular to the main plane. A small amount of solution is brought up with the tool to correct small imperfections.

• Rule. This is a flat wooden or aluminum lath, for aligning the mortar thrown over the beacons, for eyelining the existing internal corners. The length of the rule is from 0.5 to 3 meters. When working, the tool is installed with two ends on neighboring beacons, and then it is pulled along them, removing excess solution. At the same time, additional portions are added to places with an insufficient amount of solution, providing an even layer on the surface.

• Half-eater. It is a polished wooden lath, 40 to 80 centimeters long and up to 15 centimeters wide, with a handle. The tool is used to level the plastered surface after the solution has lost water, but not yet hardened.

• Steel trowel. It is a polished metal plate with a handle and is used to perform an operation called "ironing".

In addition to these basic hand tools, machine plaster is used for plastering large areas. In this case, the entire process, from the preparation of the mixture to its spraying, is carried out by a machine under high pressure. All other work on leveling the plaster is done manually.

The advantage of this method when applying the plaster is that the coating is driven into the wall under pressure, ensuring that it is firmly attached to the wall.

Preparing the walls

To get high-quality plastering of the walls inside the house, it is necessary to perform some preparatory operations:

• The walls are visually inspected for defects after the blocks have been laid.
• The gaps left are sealed with repair mortar. For this, it is better to use special glue.

• The surface is leveled.
• After drying, the walls are swept with a stiff plastic brush to remove dust and dried mortar fragments.
• The surface is primed with a deep penetration compound. For this, rollers, brushes, conventional garden sprayers or compressor units are used.

• After drying, the next coat of primer is applied.
• The tile glue is diluted to the consistency of thick sour cream, which is indicated by the instruction for its operation.
• A painting plaster mesh is prepared along the height of the room.
• Glue is poured onto the wall from below to the ceiling in a strip slightly larger than the width of the reinforcing mesh, with a layer thickness of about 5 millimeters.
• A strip of fiberglass mesh is glued, starting from the top, onto the wall and slightly fixed by pressing into the solution to the very bottom, for reliability.

• With a notched trowel from the ceiling, the mesh is pressed into the glue layer with force so that the material is completely drowned in the solution. The excess glue is squeezed out.
• The direction of movement of the trowel can be chaotic at first, gradually changing to horizontal grooves along the entire wall. This will provide excellent wall reinforcement.
• Along the edge of the wall section, you can leave an even strip of glue to overlap the next fiberglass mesh. The overlap width must be at least 100 millimeters.
• As a result, the entire wall is covered in this way, on which the layer of glue has horizontal grooves. This ensures an excellent connection of any plaster with a high coating strength.

Application of textured and structural plaster

Internal textured decorative plaster can be:

• Lamb... It contains stone grains of various sizes. After application to a mineral base, the surface becomes rough and uniform in grain.

• Fur coat... After application, a roughness is obtained on the surface in the form of a slight "hairiness", the main component of this mixture is cement.

• Bark beetle... It is a composite decorative plaster for interior surfaces filled with small stones. After application, a furrowed texture is formed on the surface, resembling pitted wood in appearance (see Textured plaster Bark beetle: characteristic features of the material).

• Decorative plaster is applied in several layers.
• A small portion of the mixture is taken up with a spatula and evenly distributed over the trowel.
• The tool is placed on the surface at an angle of approximately 30 ° and the compound is applied to the wall.

Advice. You cannot start work immediately on a very large area. It is worth experimenting on a small area, otherwise the plaster will dry out and the result will not be satisfactory.

• Textured plaster is a very malleable material that can take any shape if necessary. In this case, you can use a traditional paint roller or a regular sponge.
• The surface of the wall is processed with a spatula.

• The necessary pattern is formed along the wall.

Venetian plaster application

It is quite difficult to apply such a coating yourself. It's worth previewing the video in this article.

The plaster layer is applied in the following sequence:

• A thin layer of coating is applied to the surface, trying to create a certain pattern.
• The layer should dry for about an hour.
• The dried surface is lightly sanded with a large trowel to remove minor imperfections.
• Smoothes to level the coating.
• The second layer is applied in the same manner as the first.
• The last layer of the decorative coating is applied with a spatula, which should be translucent and thin enough to give it greater depth.
• The work is postponed for 30 minutes to dry the material.
• The wall is smoothed with a spatula.

This is how Venetian plaster is applied in a dry room.

Internal plaster with cement and sand differs from Venetian plaster in simpler application. It is enough to prepare the necessary tool, observe several rules on the technology of applying the solution to the surface. And after the end of the work, rinse all the tools without leaving any traces of the solution on it. Decorative plaster on the walls made of aerated concrete blocks creates an original and beautiful finish.