Bypassing the coastal areas on the Peterhof road that were most affected by the flood, Alexander I visited one village, which was completely destroyed by the elements. The ruined peasants gathered around the emperor and wept bitterly.

Summoning an old man from among them, "Everything, father, tsar, everything is lost! Here at the aft's little house the whole was carried away both with junk and with a belly, at the aft's two horses, four cows were flooded, at the aft's ..." and so on.

"Well," said the emperor, "this is all with Aftov, and what was lost among the others?" Then they explained to Alexander that the old man used "aftovo" instead of "this."

Laughing at his mistake, the emperor ordered to build a village on a high embankment and call it Avtovo. In ancient times, pre-Petersburg times, as evidenced by the topographic plans of the 17th century, among other, more or less small settlements, huddled not far from the bay, there was a rather poor Finnish village of Autovo. As the researchers believe, this name goes back to the Finnish word "auto", which means "wasteland". The life of the settlers from generation to generation was reduced to the extraction of food on the high seas and to the salvation of simple belongings when the sea collapsed on land.

Then the prudently assembled houses turned into rafts, skillfully managed by patient Pomors. As soon as the elements replaced anger with mercy, Autovo again smoked fires, bellowed cows and rang with childish laughter.

Perhaps the inhabitants of Autov did not even know that state borders were moving a few miles from their huts, the citizenship of the inhabitants was changing, a new capital was being built, and their fate was being determined.

In 1704, along the seaside, through dense forests and tenacious bushes, a well-maintained road made its way to the Kronstadt and Peterhof under construction.

Lands along the road were generously distributed to those close to them for development, landscaping, construction of country mansions, travel and entertainment palaces, setting up gardens and vegetable gardens.

The population of roadside villages is increasing and becoming multinational, which is generally characteristic of young Petersburg.

Gradually, the Finnish Auto is Russified into Avtovo. Its boundaries expand and become vague.

By the beginning of the 20th century, Avtovo, together with other similar settlements, became the suburbs of the northern capital.

In 1801, the St. Petersburg state-owned iron factory was transferred to the Peterhof highway from Krondstadt, which in 1868 was acquired by an official of the Marine Ministry, engineer N.I. Putilov.

Very soon, the Putilovsky plant becomes one of the largest enterprises in Russia.

The enterprising owner of the plant attaches to it a shipyard (now Severnaya), builds a seaport with a navigable Sea Canal and a railway.

The everyday life of the Putilov enterprises became the life of Avtov, and the territory of the former village became the territory of the vast south-western region.

The Avtovo metro station in St. Petersburg is recognized as the most beautiful in the world according to the Guardian newspaper, and the Daily Telegraph newspaper called this station one of the most beautiful in Europe.

The station was opened in 1955. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that 30 columns in the underground hall are faced with marble, and 16 - with glass. Such material has not been used anywhere else in the domestic metro.

They wanted to create the station in the form of a "crystal palace", where not only the columns, but also the walls were to be faced with glass, and the columns were to be illuminated from the inside.

The design of the station was entrusted to architects A. Grushka and E. Levinson. They faced a daunting task. It was necessary to cover the concrete rod with glass so that the concrete was not visible. Glass plates were made in the workshops of the Leningrad Art Glass Factory, and engineers tirelessly selected the shades of the cast plates. But the problem could not be solved. The glass, sparkling like crystal, was transparent, and a concrete rod could be seen through it.

It was impossible to do without the help of physicists. The decision was suggested by Professor of Perm University G.Z. Gershuni. He proposed to make a faceted inner surface of the plates, and to cut the surface at an angle of 80 degrees. Under such conditions, a kind of optical effect is created. Light reflects off the edges before it reaches the concrete, and the glass stops showing through. When the columns were finished with such plates, they began to look like glass monoliths.

However, one more problem had to be solved. Over time, concrete supports are subject to settlement, and if the glass is attached tightly to the structure, it will quickly crack. Leningrad architects have found a way to securely fix fragile plates. They were secured with a decorative gilded ribbon wrapped around the columns. She began to pull them together, like a hoop.

Initially, it was planned to tile all 46 columns, but due to lack of funds, by the time the station opened, only 16. The rest were temporarily faced with marble tiles. And soon a decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU "On the elimination of excesses in design and construction" was issued, and the question of facing the station with glass was forever closed.

The theme of the station design is the defense of Leningrad. Here the front line passed nearby, and tanks from the Kirovsky Zavod were sent from the workshops directly to the front. Massive chandeliers, lamps, lattices are decorated with laurel branches, gilded swords and other emblems of military valor. The end wall of the underground hall is decorated with a mosaic panel "Victory", depicting a woman with a baby in her arms, by artists V. A. Voronetsky and A. K. Sokolov.

Some people have noticed the similarity of "Victory" with the image of the Mother of God. They say that elderly Leningrad grandmothers, going down the subway, were baptized, seeing the image of "Victory". And it was located there exactly where the altar should be - in the eastern part of the underground hall.

The station got its name from the historic district in which it is located. The name Avtovo is of Finnish origin. Most likely, it comes from the Finnish "autto" - "desert", or "ovto" - bear.

There is a legend about how the village got its name. In 1824, the most powerful and destructive flood occurred in the history of St. Petersburg. Emperor Alexander I, after the revelry of the elements, began to go around the most affected places. He also reached a village in the present Avtovo district. The peasants immediately gathered around the emperor and began to complain about their lot. One old man shouted the loudest of all, but the emperor could not make out the words. He summoned an old man from the crowd and told him to tell who had suffered and what had been lost.

The old man shouted: "Father Tsar, the aftavo took away the cows, the aftavo carried away all the belongings, the aftavo horses, the aftavo ..." After that, the emperor was explained that "aftovo" in the local dialect means "this". The tsar laughed and ordered to build a new village with state money and name it Autovo.

Avtovo

Avtovo

1. area in the southwestern part of Leningrad, between the Okruzhnaya railway line. d. in the north and r. Little red in the south. The name comes from the village of Autovo (Auktovo), which existed here at the end of the 17th century. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. the workers' outskirts of Petersburg; the bulk of the inhabitants of Armenia worked at the Putilov factory. In the 20s. The reconstruction of the city began, and in 1937-41 a residential area was built between Stachek Avenue (the main highway of the city) and Krasnoputilovskaya Street (project leaders were architects A.A. Ol and S.E. Brovtsev). In 1941-44, the front line ran south of Armenia, and the headquarters and rear services of many units were located in Armenia (including the headquarters of the 12th and 14th Guards artillery regiments, which were among the first on the Leningrad front to begin counter-battery combat; Zenitchikov Street, 3, building 1). July 8, 1945 at the intersection of Stachek Avenue and the river. Red Leningraders greeted the Soviet soldiers returning with victory; in 1951, a monument to the "Winner Tank" was erected on this place. In the 40-50s. the building up of A. was carried out according to the designs of a group of architects under the direction of V. A. Kamenskiy and S. G. Mayofis. In 1955 the Avtovo metro station was opened, in 1959 the Avtovsky House-Building Plant (DSK-3) was commissioned. The blocks along Krasnoputilovskaya Street are the first-borns of large-panel housing construction in the Kirovsky District (1960s, architects Kamensky, A.V. Zhuk, Mayofis, N.Z. Matusevich). Planning center A. - Komsomolskaya square. In 1968, in the park between Stachek Avenue and Krasnoputilovskaya Street, a monument was opened in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol (sculptors V.I. Gordon. O. I. Kuznetsov, V. G. Timoshenko, architects V. B. Fabritsky, I. P. Shmelev) ... The name was preserved in the name of Avtovskaya street and metro station.
2. metro station of the Kirovsko-Vyborgskaya line. Opened on November 15, 1955. Architects E. A. Levinson, A. A. Grushke. Ground lobby - on Stachek Avenue, decorated with a powerful double 6-column portico and a dome on a large light drum; in the interior of the vestibule, on the cornice of the dome, an inscription in gold: "To the valiant defenders of Leningrad, who defended the hero-city in battles, glory for centuries!" Shallow station, no escalators. The overlap of the platform hall is flat, supported by 2 rows of columns faced with yellow marble and artistic glass. The decorative finish is associated with the theme of military glory; differs in splendor and complexity. On the end wall there is a mosaic panel depicting a woman with a baby in her arms (artists V. A. Voronetsky, A. K. Sokolov).

St. Petersburg. Petrograd. Leningrad: Encyclopedic Reference. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia. Ed. board: Belova L.N., Buldakov G.N., Degtyarev A. Ya. and others. 1992 .

AUTOVO

Part of the city's territory south of the ring railway on both sides of Stachek Avenue is called Avtovo. Avtovo ■ is one of the old names. On the map of the 18th century military topographer Bergenheim, compiled from archival data in 1676, a village with the Finnish name of Autovo is marked on this place. On the land map of the vicinity of the Note-burg fortress in 1699, we see the designation of Autov. On the map of Inger-manlandia in 1699, this village is called Auktova. What formed the basis of these names? It can be assumed that the name Autovo (later converted into Avtovo) is associated with the Finnish words “autto”, “autio”, which means “wasteland”, “deserted”. In 1956, Avtovskaya street (formerly Avtovskaya slot) was named after the area. It runs between Stachek Avenue and Vozrozhdenie Street. The metro station located here is also called Avtovo.

Why are they named so? About the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges in Leningrad. - L .: Lenizdat. Gorbachevich K.S., Khablo E.P. 1967 .

See what "Avtovo" is in other dictionaries:

Avtovo- Avtovo, an area in the southwestern part of Leningrad, between the line of the Okruzhnaya railway in the north and the river. Little red in the south. The name comes from the village of Autovo (Auktovo), which existed here at the end of the 17th century. In the late XIX - early XX centuries. working ... ...

- (district of St. Petersburg) historical district of St. Petersburg, also a Finnish village of pre-Petrine times. Gave names to the following objects: Avtovo (railway station) freight station of the Oktyabrskaya railway in the Kirovsky district of St. ... ... Wikipedia

"Avtovo"- Metro station "Avtovo". Ground lobby. Metro station "Avtovo". Ground lobby. Saint Petersburg. "Avtovo", metro station Kirovsko Vyborgskaya line. Opened on November 15, 1955. Architects E. A. Levinson, A. A. Grushke. Ground ... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"

AUTOVO- Part of the city's territory south of the ring railway on both sides of Stachek Avenue is called Avtovo. Avtovo is one of the oldest names. On the map of the 18th century military topographer Bergenheim, compiled according to archival data in 1676, on ... ... Why are they named so?

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. Avtovo City: St. Petersburg ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. Coordinates: 59 ° 52′02.37 ″ s. NS. 30 ° 15'40.87 ″ east d. / 59.867325 ° N ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. MO Avtovo Coat of arms ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. Avtovo City ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. Coordinates: 59 ° 51'24.89 ″ s. NS. 30 ° 16'42.18 "in. d. / 59.856914 ° N w ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Avtovo. Coordinates: 59 ° 51'52.66 ″ s. NS. 30 ° 15'15.69 ″ east etc / ... Wikipedia

Books

• Roman, the winner of the swallows. Complete edition, Terletskiy Vitaliy. Roman is an ordinary man who works at work, drinks beer and tries not to deny himself anything. But insidious swallows steal his father's car, and he has to take the path of revenge ... - ...

• Music: Nikita Khrushchev at the UN

Evening Avtovo, Kirovsky Zavod and Narvskaya Zastava: 20 photos

On the evening of July 9, the Avksom walked along Avtovo. We walked along Stachek Avenue from the Avtovo metro station to Narvskaya, examining the pre- and post-war buildings of the area along the way. The book "Leningrad. Planning and Development. 1945-1957" served as a kind of guidebook. Here are a dozen photos taken during the walk:

Amazingly beautiful station "Avtovo" (1955, architects EA Levinson, AA Grushke). I saw her for the first time and was simply amazed at the subtlety of the decor and glass columns.

Stachek Avenue, 88/1. Arch. A.A. Ol and S.E. Brovtsev, late 1930s.

House with a turret (67 Stachek Avenue), early 1950s. In the book of 1958 (Khrushchev's decree on "excesses" was issued in 1955) the turret is shyly covered with a twig :-)
In Perm, the Permenergo building with a similar decoration is called a "stool".

Zaitseva Street, 4. House of the late 1930s with giant arches (architects AA Ol and SE Brovtsev).

Gazebo- "milovida" in one of the courtyards. XX century.

Semicircular street Anti-aircraft gunners. On the left is a house from the 1930s, in the back of the frame - 1950s. The perspective is closed by two pretty pipes unknown to me by the name of a CHP

Round Komsomolskaya Square is decorated with three seven-story houses (1955-1960, architect V.A.Kamensky, S.G. Mayofis). In the photo, the house of 1955 (Stachek Ave., 74).

Stylish Novostroek street with tram poles from the 1950s and houses from the same period.

Palace of Culture and Technology. I.I. Gaza (1930-35, architects A.I. Gegello and D.L. Krichevsky).

DK Gaza. Fragment of frieze (sculptor L.A. Dietrich)

Kirovsky plant (no less known as Putilovsky).

Hello from the merry nineties

Panorama of Stachek Avenue from Ogorodny Lane. Development of the early 1950s

Low-rise buildings on Belousov Street (late 1940s).
Some of the participants in the walk found this area similar to our beloved city of Elektrostal. It seems to me that the severity and stateliness inherent in St. Petersburg are present here in full measure. Truly gorgeous homes!

Sevastopol street. Arch (late 1940s).

Park named after the Ninth of January. Openwork lattice (1899-1901, architect R.F. Meltzer), moved here in 1924 from the Winter Palace

Constructivist Kirovsky District Council (1931-35, architect N.A. Trotsky).

School named after the 10th anniversary of October (11 Stachek Avenue, 1925-27, architect A.S. Nikolsky). In plan it resembles a hammer and sickle.

Tractor Street (1925-27, architects A.I. Gegello, A.S. Nikolsky, G.A. Simonov) is one of the first residential areas in Leningrad. Despite the use of some formalistic motives, the ensemble is very sweet and human.

Participants of the walk - vakar ,

16 chose

Talking about cities is a fascinating activity: finding something interesting from history and telling readers is so great! But when it comes to cities like St. Petersburg, the task becomes much more complicated. After all, even in the school history course there is a lot of information about him. And yet I will try ...

Other names: Petrograd (from 1914 to 1924), Leningrad (from 1924 to 1991)

A bit of history

St. Petersburg is a relatively young city. Only at the very beginning 18th century(May 16 (27), 1703) Peter I laid the foundations of the Peter and Paul Fortress at the mouth of the Neva (on Hare Island). Legend has it that on this day the tsar came to the site of the foundation stone of the fortress immediately after the liturgy, where he decided to name the city in honor of his heavenly patron, the Apostle Peter. And when Peter I cut down a couple of birches and, tying them in the form of an arch, placed where the future gates of the fortress should be, an eagle circling in the sky sat on them. The king considered this a good sign. And the very next year, the second fortress was laid - Kronstadt.

It is surprising that the city grew in just a few years: in 1712, all state institutions and the royal court moved to St. Petersburg (after that, St. Petersburg was considered the capital, although there were no official orders in this regard). And already in 1725 it grew so much that the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences appeared here.

A.F. Zubov Summer Palace and Summer Garden in St. Petersburg, 1716

By the way, with regard to the capital. This is a curious incident. Unparalleled in history: for 9 years the capital of Russia was formally located on the territory of ... Sweden! Only on August 30, 1721, the Nishtadt Peace Treaty was concluded, according to which Ingria, part of Karelia, Estland, Livonia with the islands of Ezel, Dago and Moon passed to Russia.

It is interesting that St. Petersburg was not founded at all from scratch, as some think. Already in 1632, on the territory that today is located next to Krasnogvardeyskaya Square, there was the Swedish fortress Nyenskans (in 1703 it was captured by Russian troops and it was renamed Schlotburg). And even earlier (in 1300) on the same place was the Swedish fortress Landskrona, destroyed by Prince Andrei Gorodetsky (son of Alexander Nevsky).

Model of the Nienschanz fortress in the museum

Famous people

Of course, St. Petersburg is replete with famous names, and it would be too long to list them all. I will name just a few of them: Alexander Blok, Kliment Timiryazev, Dmitry Shostakovich, Patriarch Kirill, Vladimir Putin, Dmitry Medvedev, Viktor Tsoi, Galina Vishnevskaya, Elena Obraztsova.

What to see

Most people, having got to St. Petersburg, go to inspect the architectural monuments. They are definitely worth seeing. As well as visiting Russian Museum and The Hermitage- a prerequisite for every educated person. But there is also one more attraction in St. Petersburg that must be seen. it Oceanarium.

Here you will have a unique opportunity to see marine and river inhabitants from all over the world! On the territory of 5 thousand square meters there are 32 aquariums (this is more than 1.5 million liters of water!), In which more than 4.5 thousand specimens of fish and aquatic invertebrates, belonging to almost 150 species, live!

Address: St. Petersburg, st. Marata, 86, metro station Pushkinskaya
Opening hours of the aquarium - daily from 10.00 to 20.00.
Ticket offices are open until 19.15 (no breaks).
Cleaning Day is the last Monday of every month.

A traditional dish

About the love of St. Petersburg residents for a small sea fish smelt there are legends. And the residents of St. Petersburg themselves are happy to support these legends. For example, in May in St. Petersburg they even celebrate a special holiday - Smelt day.

Stewed smelt

• smelt - 700g
• green onions - 150g
• parsley (greens) - 25g
• dill - 25g
• celery - 25g
• crackers (from stale white bread) - 100g
• milk - 1/2 l
• egg - 2 pcs.
• flour - 1.5 tablespoons
• butter - 1.5 tbsp.
• salt to taste

Gut the fish and rinse thoroughly. Salt and keep in a cool place for half an hour. Chop the herbs finely, crush the crackers into crumbs and mix with the herbs.

Grease a saucepan with oil. Put the greens in it. Fry the fish breaded in flour separately. Place the fish in a saucepan on top of the herbs. Pour in hot milk and simmer over low heat for about 10-15 minutes. Transfer the finished fish to a dish, sprinkle with chopped egg and garnish with herbs.

Interesting Facts

The original version of the name looked like this: Sankt Pieter Burch - St. Peter Burch.

At one time, due to the large length of tram lines, the city was jokingly called "Tram Capital".

There are two St Petersburgs in the United States: one in Florida and the other in Pennsylvania.

Photo portrait

View of the Church of the Sign on Nevsky Prospekt in St. Petersburg. Colored photolithography of the 19th century (1890-1900)

Palace Square at night