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Course name: Foundations of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics.

Goals:

1. the formation of students' perceptions of the Motherland as a great multinational power;
2. development of students' motivation to learn about the historical and cultural traditions of the peoples of Russia;
3. education of civil-patriotic feelings, love for the Motherland, tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities.

Tasks:

1. to acquaint students with the concept of multinationality;
2. to form students' concepts of the Motherland, Fatherland, patriotism, material and spiritual world;
3. to form initial ideas about Russian national traditions;
4. foster a respectful and careful attitude towards their homeland;
5. develop speech, logical and associative thinking of students;
6. contribute to the development of students' communication skills, the ability to defend their point of view reasonably.

1. Org. Moment

Slide 1 "Russia is our Motherland"

I want to start our tutorial by watching a video clip.

Slide 2 View video.

(The song "My Russia" is played. While watching the video fragment on this slide, the pictures of the nature of our Motherland change)

How did you feel when watching? (Expansion, space, pride, spirituality, etc.)

What country was sung about in the song you heard? (About Russia)

Russia is an amazing country. It's so big that when it's morning at one end of the country, it's deep at night at the other. Somewhere it is warm and the sun is shining, and somewhere snowstorms are sweeping and people are burning stoves so as not to freeze.

Autumn is one sweeter
Spring is dearer to others.
And the homeland is Russia.
We all have ... (one)!

2. Working on new material.

1. - Guys, how do we respectfully call our country? (Fatherland)

Why do we call it that? (Because our fathers, grandfathers and great-grandfathers worked and defended their land in order to preserve Russia for future generations.)

What else can you call our country? (Homeland)

What is Homeland? (The land in which we were born and live).

Hear how your peers talk about it.

Slide 3 Viewing a fragment of the video "My World - Russia"

During the discussion of a fragment of the video film and analyzing the statements of children about the Motherland, the teacher invites the children to complete the task.

Slide 4 "Make proverbs"

• There is no more beautiful Motherland in the world.
• A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.
• A man has one mother, he has one motherland.
• The peoples of our country are strong in friendship.
• The brotherhood of the people is dearer than any wealth.
• If friendship is great, the Motherland will be strong.

2. - In life we ​​are surrounded by many objects and phenomena of nature. This is ... (The world around)

Right. These things, objects, natural phenomena, among which a person lives, make up the material world. But there is also the spiritual world.

Slide 5 "Material and spiritual world"

What do you think is the spirit world? (What a person lives with, what he is interested in, etc.)

Now find and read the definition given by the authors of the textbook on page 4. (Children read the definition aloud.)

Did you and I correctly define what the spirit world is?

Guys, what do you think is the most valuable of the country? (From the variety of answers, the teacher chooses the people).

The most valuable thing for a country is its people. People are a polysemantic word. "There are so many people!" - they say when many people have gathered in one place. Also, the people are called the population of one country. We are all Russian people, Russians. And the people are also people who speak the same language, have common customs and similar occupations. These people are united by history. They preserve the memory of their heroes, talented writers, artists and musicians.

3. Slides 6-11 "Famous People of Russia"

During the viewing, the teacher gives comments in which area these people have proven themselves.

Music, fine arts, history, knowledge - this is the spiritual world. It is reflected in a person and forms his inner world. All religions of the world define it as the soul of a person.

What do you guys think, is the spiritual world the same for all people? (Different)

Why does it depend? (From occupations, hobbies of a person, from his communication with other people)

4. - A person has the right to determine for himself how to feed his soul.

Slide 12

"Man chooses" (good and evil, love and hate, beautiful and ugly, mercy and cruelty, truth and lies)

Which one will you choose? (Answers of children)

Physical education

There is sun in nature. It shines and loves and warms everyone. Imagine a little star in your heart. Let us send a ray of love towards her. We feel the asterisk grow larger. We direct the ray that carries the world. The asterisk has increased again. We direct the ray with goodness, the asterisk has become even larger. I send rays to the star that bring health, joy, warmth, light, tenderness, affection. Now the star becomes as big as the sun. It brings warmth to everyone, everyone, everyone ( hands to the side).

How not to destroy your inner world? How to understand other people? We will get answers to these questions by studying the new subject "Foundations of Orthodox Culture."

5. - The spiritual world has its own roads. They are called traditions. Our ancestors walked along them.

Find and read the definition given by the authors of the textbook on page 5 ( Children read aloud)

Why is it important to preserve traditions? (Because cultural traditions are based on such eternal values ​​as goodness, honor, justice, mercy)

Slide 13 "Cultural traditions"

By following them, a person can distinguish good from bad, make his inner world clean, bright, joyful.

Slide 14 "Peoples of Russia"

Our country is amazing in that more than 180 different peoples live in it. There are both numerous peoples and very small ones. Each nation has its own history, culture and traditions.

Slides 15-18 "Folk traditions"

During the viewing, the teacher gives comments on the peculiarities of the traditions of different peoples.

Russia Is a truly unique country that, along with a highly developed modern culture, carefully preserves the traditions of its nation.
The traditions of the Russian Orthodox people are especially observed during the celebration of Christmas, Maslenitsa, Easter. With a sense of reverence, an Orthodox person treats the twelve feast days of the Russian Orthodox Church.

In winter, the traditions of the Russian people are especially observed in the celebration Nativity of Christ. Believers celebrate the holiday in the temple. Festive services take place on Christmas night in all churches. On Christmas days, it is customary to visit each other and exchange gifts. It is very useful and correct from a Christian point of view to visit the sick and suffering.

Many people await in awe Shrovetide, a tradition of celebration that is rooted in our history. This is a popular celebration dedicated to the welcome of spring. Before entering Great Lent, people say goodbye to winter, enjoy warm spring days, and, of course, bake delicious pancakes.

The days of Great Lent are special days of spiritual growth, days of humility, obedience and joy on the eve of the great holidays.
The traditions of the Russian people are observed during the celebration Easter... Before the onset of this holiday, everyone bakes cakes, makes cottage cheese Easter, and dyes eggs. The egg is a symbol of life, its rebirth. Eggs are painted in different colors and presented to each other.

On this day, bells are ringing in all churches. This chime is called the Easter Annunciation. The service in the church on Easter is special and it lasts all night long.
They live in Russia and Chuvash, whose traditions are little known, but also quite interesting. For example, the sowa festival called Akatui. The land and plow became the heroes of this holiday. According to custom, on this day, guests are supposed to treat guests with boiled eggs and porridge. Eggs were buried in the sown field for a good harvest. Children and adults alike had fun on this day, they organized running competitions and horse races. For the holiday, the Chuvash bake yusman pancakes.
Do you know what Sabantuy is? This is a folk holiday at Tatars... It is dedicated to the end of the field work carried out in the spring and is closely related to labor. On this day, they fought on sashes, carried out fights with sacks, arranged races and had fun in every possible way.

Tatars love to drink tea with sweets, for example, with chak-chak. Small pieces of unleavened dough are fried, stacked in a slide and poured with honey and sugar syrup. It turns out very tasty! Chak-chak is always put on the festive table.

Chechens and Ingush- two very close people. They have a similar language, customs and faith. The traditions of these peoples are the preservation of family etiquette and honorable respect for guests, hospitality, the code of honor of the highlanders.

In the Far North of our country live Chukchi and Eskimos... They are engaged in deer breeding and sea fishing. One of the holidays of these peoples was associated with this - the holiday of canyons. Baidara is a light speed boat made of wood and walrus skins. On the day of the holiday, she was lowered into the water and chunks of meat were thrown into the sea - they “fed” the spirits of sea animals. The Chukchi and Eskimos believed that hunting luck depended on these spirits.

The peoples of Russia and their traditions are so diverse that to list all possible holidays, you need to read more than one encyclopedia. The Russian land has united completely different people and no matter how we are obliged to respect the traditions of other peoples.

(A prepared student reads a poem.)

Jew and Tuvan, Buryat and Udmurt,
Russian, Tatar, Bashkir and Yakut.
Big family of different nations,
And we should be proud of this, friends.
Our common home is called Russia,
Let everyone be comfortable in it.
We will overcome any difficulties together
And only in unity is the strength of Russia.

III... Consolidation and generalization of the passed material

Students perform tasks of various types.

1. Frontal work

Slide 19 "Labor of the soul and physical labor" "

Divide the phrases into 2 groups.

Carpentry, caring for the younger ones, love for the Fatherland, respect for the elders, love for the family, washing floors, cleaning the classroom, helping people, weeding flower beds.

Slides 20-22 "Continue the phrase"

Continue the phrase.

• The work of the soul is necessary for a person in order to ... (To do something better than others, to become better, to remain the same).
• The spiritual traditions of the country are established ... (By legal laws, by an individual, by the labor of the soul of the people, by a neighboring state).
• To observe spiritual traditions, they must be ... (Ignore, teach to understand,).

Slides 23-26 “Test. Group work "

Work with the test.

1. Why should every Russian love his homeland?

A) It allows you to live comfortably.

B) The homeland of a person, like a mother, is one. She needs to be loved, as we love our relatives, as we love our only mother.

C) Thanks to the resources of the country, a person can enrich himself.

2. How can “work of the soul” manifest itself in relation to the Motherland?

A) in enriching the country with material benefits

B) in the conquest of new territories

C) in the development of the spiritual wealth of their people

3. Where do you see the spiritual wealth of our multinational homeland?

A) in a large area and natural resources

B) in the spiritual traditions of the peoples who live on the territory of Russia

C) in rich and influential people

4. Why do people need traditions?

B) Traditions are, first of all, holidays, they are needed in order to make life more fun.

C) Traditions are not needed by the people at all.

IV... Bottom line. Reflection.

Slides 27-28 "Chamomile - a symbol of Russia"

When you remember our Motherland, associations come to mind: birch, matryoshka and chamomile. It is difficult to find today a person who does not know the chamomile flower. A touching white chamomile has become a real symbol of Russia, Russian nature, a standard of purity and righteousness, tenderness and kindness. According to folk legends, a chamomile flower appears where the night star falls.

Chamomile is an emblem of love. On July 8, Moscow celebrates the Day of Family, Love and Fidelity. This is a young holiday with centuries-old traditions. On this day, the Orthodox remember the couple of Peter and Fevronia, who are considered the patrons of family happiness.

Let's summarize our lesson, recall the basic concepts that turned out to be the closest and most meaningful for you. I invite you all to put together your chamomile - a symbol of the natural and spiritual beauty of our vast Russia !!!

(On the board there is a yellow center of a chamomile. It contains the key sentence "Russia is our Motherland", which is the center of the idea, the topic of the lesson. From the variety of petals scattered chaotically throughout the board, children need to choose only those that contain words or sentences, expressing concepts, ideas, images suitable for a given topic.

Possible petals: Motherland and Fatherland; spiritual world; the inner world of a person, cultural traditions, folk traditions, folk brotherhood, multinational homeland, "work of the soul"; enrichment, material goods; evil and hatred; "Laziness of the soul"; enmity.

Then all the petals are collected into one common flower.)

Literature.

1. Kuraev A.V. Foundations of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics. Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture Grade 4. Textbook for educational organizations / A.V. Kuraev. - Moscow: "Education, 2016.
2. Danilko E.S. Peoples of Russia / Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015.
3. L. V. Klyushnik Our Motherland - Russia / L.V. Klyushnik - Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015
4. Electronic resources, video and audio materials:
5. Song "My Russia". Music author and composer Georgy Struve. Poems, lyrics were written by Nina Solovyova.
6. A multimedia teaching aid for classes with children aged 8-11. The cycle of films "My Orthodox world of Russia". Film 1 "My World - Russia" Studio "Six Wings", St. Petersburg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUvhuCCPwvQ

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Summary of the lesson of ORKSE in grade 4 on the topic:

"Our multinational state "

Performed:

Zemlenukhina Olga Viktorovna,

teacher ORKSE MBOU SOSH №1 g.

Essentuki, Stavropol Territory

Dec 2019

During the classes:

1. Organization of the lesson.

Introductory speech of the teacher:

Oh, you, my Rus, are many-sided!

Bright sunny light above you!

And in your rivers the waters are clear,

And in your mountains the snow is white!

And free people live here,

People are honest, heroic,

Illuminated by faithful friendship

And warmed by holy love!

And your land is fertile

The cradle was given to us - by the mother!

We are the sonorous fathers of our songs

We sing widely - we sing!

So you stand, great Russia,

Many more years and centuries!

And different nations under your wing

They take care of you - they are famous for the world!

During the reading of the poem, a photo with a picture of our Motherland is shown.

2. Actualization of students' knowledge.

Teacher:

Guys, let's discuss the poem.

Questions to students:

Guys, what words sounded louder?

What is the main idea of ​​the poem?

What is our Russia famous for?

Students' answers.

Each of you has a route sheet of our lesson on your table. Look carefully, it contains the tasks that you must complete in the course of acquaintance with the new material.

Teacher:

What does the word Motherland mean to you? Choose an answer.

(the country in which the person was born;

the country of which the person is a citizen;

the place where the person was born, where his relatives and friends live;

a place that is dear to a person.)

Discussion Questions: For those who believe this is a country, complete the following assignment:

Three of the seven pictures below show the state symbols of Russia. Write down the necessary numbers and indicate which symbol of Russia is depicted under this number.

For those who think this is the place:

Find cognate words for the word "homeland". You can use "cluster".

Checking the completed tasks.

Teacher:

Russia is not only the largest country in the world, but also a great state. People of different nationalities, nationalities, ethnic groups live on its lands.

What do you think we are going to talk about today?

Students determine the topic of the lesson.

Teacher:

Right. Today we will learn what a multinational state is.

And how do people of different nationalities differ from each other?

Students: First, people of different nationalities differ from each other in their national or native language.

Secondly, by national dress, traditions, customs, national holidays, songs, cuisine, that is, by its culture.

Thirdly, by character, appearance.

Students appear, dressed in clothes with elements of national costumes.

1 student

Hello, friends!

2 student

We will call you all friends!

3 student

We have gathered today for a reason. We have a serious conversation ahead of us.

4 student -

Our multicultural city.

And our class is multinational.

5 student

There are both Kazakhs and Tatars in the class,

And of course there are Russians too.

6 student

We are all friendly. The secret of friendship

1 student -

We will not reveal our secret to you right away,

Just listen with an open mind.

2 student -

We believe, you will soon understand everything yourself,

And take our secret with you forever!

3. Discovery of new knowledge.

Teacher:

Our state includes: 21 republics, 7 territories, 9 autonomous regions, 1 autonomous region. According to the census, Russia's population is about 143 million. These are more than 180 nationalities, nationalities and ethnic groups.

Read the poem and find in the text (underline) what nationalities it says about the people.

Read the text. Try to find the main idea of ​​the text.

And how can you call all the people living in our country Russians or Russians? Why?

4. Physical education... Movement according to the song "I, you, he, she - together the whole country ..."

5. Updating basic knowledge.

Teacher:

There is confirmation of this in the proverbs and sayings of different peoples. Folk wisdom is an international phenomenon and among different peoples we find the same proverbs and sayings.

A kind person brings peace - say the Abkhazians.

You will do good, you will find good - say the Karachais.

Light is not without kind people - Russians say

Good and the dog does not forget - say the Ossetians.

The feeling of patriotism, love for the Motherland and the people are those unshakable values ​​that every citizen of his country should honor.

Let's now do the following task: put together a whole proverb from two parts.

Teacher:

Each nation has its own language. In Russia, people speak 100 national languages.

What helps people of different nationalities to understand each other?

Students.

Russian language helps people of different nationalities on the territory

RF communicate with each other.

Teacher:

The peoples of Russia can be divided in this way:

Peoples of the Far North,

The peoples speaking the Finno-Ugric languages,

The peoples of the Volga and Ural regions, speaking the Turkic languages,

The peoples of Siberia and the Far East,

Peoples of the North Caucasus.

We live (shows on the map) in the most numerous territory by nationality. Live here: Chechens, Kabardians, Circassians, Balkars, Ossetians, Ingush, Avars and other peoples.

6. Application and consolidation of new knowledge

Your homework assignment was to prepare for the Round Dance of Friendship.

Round dance of friendship

1 group. Traditional clothes of the peoples of the Caucasus.

Group 2. Folk art of peoples living in the North Caucasus. (parables, fairy tales, riddles, songs).

Group 3. Presentation of national dishes.

7. Summing up the lesson.

So what secret did you find out today?

Students' answers.

- Russia- a friendly multinational country of equal peoples.

Russians, Mordvinians, Bashkirs, Buryats, Tatars, Kalmyks, Chuvashs, Karelians, Yakuts, Khanty, Mansi and many others live on its territory.

Each nation is original, has its own culture, contributes to the development of Russia.

It is very important to strengthen the friendship of the peoples of Russia.

Respect the national feelings of each of them.

Teacher:

Each person feels a sense of pride for their homeland, for its history, for their people. Russia has united people of different nationalities. They all love her, are proud of their country, wish its prosperity.

Foundations of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics. 4th grade. Saplina E.V., Saplin A.I. Moscow: Astrel, 2012

Danilko E.S. Peoples of Russia / Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015.

L. V. Klyushnik Our Motherland - Russia / L.V. Klyushnik - Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015

What do we call the Motherland? And birches along which

The house where you and I live, Next to my mother we go.

What do we call the Motherland? Our holidays and songs

A field with a thin spikelet, Warm evening outside the window.

What do we call the Motherland? And under the blue-blue sky

All that we cherish in our hearts, the Flag of Russia over the Kremlin.

Coat of arms of Russia

Russia has a stately

There is a double-headed eagle on the coat of arms,

To the west and east

He could have looked at once.

Strong, wise and proud.

He is a free spirit of Russia.

Russian flag

White color - birch.

Blue is the color of the sky.

Red stripe-

Sunny sunrise.

1. Russia is our sacred state, Russia is our beloved country. Mighty will, great glory - Your property for all time! Chorus: Hail, our free Fatherland, The age-old union of fraternal peoples, Ancestors given the wisdom of the people! Glory country! We proud of you!

2.From the southern seas to the polar edge Our forests and fields are spread out. You are the only one in the world! You are the only one - the native land protected by God! Chorus:

3. A wide scope for dreams and for life The coming years open to us. We are given strength by our loyalty to the Fatherland. So it was, so it is and it will always be so! Chorus:

Hymn

Of Russia

Music - Georgy Alexandrov, new text - Sergei Mikhalkov.

Moscow

Moscow is Red Square.

Moscow is the Kremlin's towers.

Moscow is the heart of Russia

That loves you.

St. Petersburg

He is Tsar Peter's creation, Ships of overseas flags, City of Glory, City of Garden. There is a parade along the Neva.

gold ring

Suzdal

Suzdal Kremlin

Old cities, Like birds-swans

Bells ringing. Suzdal and Rostov.

Rostov

Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Tver

Kostroma

On the wide Volga, turrets are carved,

Tver and Kostroma, Miracle House.

Novgorod

Old cities, Novgorod on Volkhov,

Fortress on the river. Murom on the Oka.

Murom

Here the squads are brave

Princes led into battle,

Equestrian and foot

The foe is striking.

Monument to Ilya Muromets

Old cities

Glorious masters.

Blacksmith streets

Pottery streets.

Shopping areas,

Holiday fairs -

From Yelets - nesting dolls,

And from Tula gingerbread.

Tula

Assumption Cathedral

Old cities

Face the sun -

For Russia steel

Gold ring.

If long-long-long

We fly in the plane.

If long-long-long

We should look at Russia,

Then we will see

And forests and cities,

Ocean expanses

Ribbons of rivers, lakes, mountains ...

We will see a distance without an edge

Tundra where spring rings

And then you will understand what

Our homeland is big

An immense country.

Balaam

Ladoga, Ladoga,

There is a din of seagulls in the sky

We're sailing on

Valaam Island.

Ladoga, Ladoga,

Blue breadth.

On a rocky lake

Miracle - a monastery.

Ladoga, Ladoga,

The beauty of the earth, -

Blueberry - berry

In the droplets of dawn.

In the Caucasus

In the Caucasus they love

Music and dancing.

Dzhigits on horseback

They gallop without fear.

In the Caucasus they love

Making jewelry.

Famous for their coinage

Local villages.

In the Caucasus they love

Drink kefir-ayran.

Puts on a burka

On a long journey the shepherd.

In the Caucasus they love

Sweet grapes.

Here is the host to the guest,

As a family, I'm glad.

On the Volga

• Have you been to the Volga?
• Were.
• What did you do?
• They caught it.
• Who is hooked?
• We got a little bitch.
• How can I not believe you guys?
• The Volga is rich in fish.

In the steppe village

On the side of the steppe they sing to us,

The heat dries the earth. They give milk.

Horses are raised here

How children are raised:

Ural mountains

Ural mountains

On stone slabs

Lead us

To the country of malachite.

To a country where there are countless

Precious stones,

To the country of the working people

And kind people.

Taiga page

Cedars, fir, pine forests.

Horned elk by the river.

The partridge beats with its wing

A ferry floats along the river.

Lake Baikal

There is in our Siberian taiga

More sea is a miracle bowl.

This is Lake Baikal

Surrounded by wild rocks.

In the Far East

Tigers - residents of Ussuri -

They wear striped skins.

This is a very rare species.

Both handsome and famous.

In Kamchatka

A volcano is smoking in the distance. Here is the border of the Motherland,

There is fog over the hills. This is the Pacific Ocean.

Russian family

They live in Russia are different For each nation

Peoples for a long time. Your language and your outfit.

One likes the taiga, One wears a Circassian coat,

Others - the steppe expanse. Another put on a robe.

One is a fisherman from birth,

The other is a reindeer herder.

One cooks kumis,

Another prepares honey.

One is sweeter than autumn

To others - spring is more pleasant.

Homeland Russia

We all have one.

Russian souvenirs

Gzhel

Tula samovar

The samovar inflated Tula

Tula - an ancient land -

She waved her white tablecloth

From the District to the Kremlin.

The samovar hums and tramples

Burning white smoke into the sky.

Where have you been during the day

at night-

Like at home next to him.

It hums in the forest hut,

In cities among the steppes ...

Of it, it is not uncommon for Pushkin

I treated my friends to tea.

General, Prince Suvorov

I drove him along.

Our samovar smelled gunpowder,

I saw the fortress Ishmael.

It hums without getting tired,

Two hundred years in a row.

Samovar is a living soul -

A friend is fun, a brother to a fairy tale.