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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

GOST 28697-90

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR PRODUCT QUALITY AND STANDARDS MANAGEMENT

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Date of introduction 01.01.92

This standard applies to the program and method of proof testing of bellows expansion joints and metal seals, carried out at the stages of their development and production.

The standard establishes the general requirements, the required types of tests, the sequence, rules and conditions for their conduct, as well as the procedure for registering the results.

The standard does not apply to preliminary and type tests, which must be carried out according to special programs.

Terms and definitions used in this standard are given in annex 1.

The provisions of this standard are binding.

1. TEST REQUIREMENTS

1.1. In the process of creating bellows metal expansion joints and seals (hereinafter referred to as SK and UP), as well as their production, in the general case, acceptance, qualification, acceptance and periodic tests should be carried out.

This standard is also used for arbitration tests. The definition of arbitration tests and the procedure for organizing them are given in clause 1.5.

1.2. According to the level of acceptance tests can be: state, interdepartmental, departmental.

Acceptance tests are carried out by acceptance commissions appointed by the order of the head of the developer enterprise. State acceptance commissions are appointed by the ministry (department) - the product developer.

1.3. Acceptance tests are not carried out in the following cases:

1) modernization of products by means of changes made to the design of the product, its material design or the manufacturing process;

2) creating a standard size range on the basis of a product previously supplied for production or expanding an existing standard size range with one or more products that differ in the nominal size (Du) and (or) nominal pressure (Py)

Notes:

1. According to list 1, type tests of this product are assigned in accordance with the established procedure.

2. According to item 2, it is allowed to carry out acceptance tests of newly developed standard sizes of SC and UP, which is stipulated in the terms of reference for their development.

1.4. Qualification tests are not carried out:

1) in the manufacture of prototypes for acceptance testing by an enterprise designated as the manufacturer of these products;

2) in the manufacture of product samples for type tests by the manufacturer of these products.

1.5. Arbitration tests (examinations) are carried out on samples of specific products, the need for an objective assessment of the quality of which, in the prescribed manner, is determined by arbitration, law enforcement agencies or state supervision bodies. Tests (examinations) are carried out by the head organization for state testing of products of this type (hereinafter - GOGIP), which issues a conclusion based on their results with the attached test protocols to the interested body (bodies).

1.6. Acceptance, qualification, periodic and arbitration tests are carried out on samples of single products or on typical representatives of groups of similar products (controlled production batches).

1.7. The procedure for the formation of groups of homogeneous products and the selection of samples for testing is established by the industry normative and technical documentation (hereinafter - NTD) in agreement with the representative of the customer (main consumer), and, if necessary, with the representative of the state supervision body.

Note. The selection of product samples for testing from among the typical representatives (controlled lots) is carried out by the single sampling method, taking into account the requirements of GOST 18321.

1.8. In general, a product (SK, UE) is considered homogeneous if it is characterized by:

1) a common design and technological solution, which in this case means a single bellows design and a single technological process for the manufacture of this group of products;

2) the same material design of the main components of the products (bellows, connecting fittings);

3) generality of functional purpose, which is understood as the ability to provide movement of the same type: axial movement, shear, angular movement (rotation), or their combinations, regardless of the types of products.

Notes:

1. Large-scale changes in the design of products within the standard size range (according to Dy, Ru) are not signs of heterogeneity.

2. In the general case, a group of homogeneous products can be made up of several single products, a standard-sized series of products, or several standard-sized series.

1.9. The tests should be carried out in the manner prescribed by Appendix 2; the procedure for drawing up, submitting and approving documents based on the test results is given in Appendix 3.

Typical forms of acts of acceptance commissions are given in Appendices 4, 5.

1.10. By the beginning of the acceptance tests by the production personnel of the manufacturer of the IC, the UE must be checked:

1) compliance of the technological process of manufacturing products with the requirements of the technological documentation valid at the time of the start of testing;

2) the completeness of the operational control carried out in the process of manufacturing products;

3) conformity of products to the requirements of design documentation, including main dimensions, strength and tightness tests, appearance and marking;

4) serviceability of test equipment and measuring instruments.

1.11. By the beginning of the acceptance, qualification, periodic and arbitration tests of products, preparatory measures must be completed, providing for:

1) certification of the testing unit;

2) material, technical and metrological support of tests;

3) production of prototypes or samples of products (typical representatives) and their acceptance by the technical control service of the manufacturer;

4) the appointment of the acceptance committee and the creation of the necessary conditions for its work - during acceptance tests;

5) the appointment of a responsible supplier of the tested prototypes of products - during acceptance tests;

6) appointing a person responsible for carrying out qualification, periodic and other product tests;

7) preparation of documentation in accordance with table. 1 and the technological equipment required to perform the tests.

Table 1

* GOGIP transfers test materials, test reports and conclusions to the disposal of the acceptance committee at its request.

Notes:

1. The “+” sign means that the document is being submitted, the “-” sign means that the document is not presented.

2. At the request of the acceptance committee, other documents must also be submitted, if their development is provided for by the TOR - for acceptance tests.

1.12. The appointment of a person responsible for the qualification, periodic and other tests of products should be carried out by order (order) of the head of the manufacturer.

The appointment of a responsible deliverer should be carried out by order (decree) of the head of the enterprise conducting the tests.

1.13. The tests should be carried out in closed heated rooms at an ambient temperature of (293 ± 10) K ((20 ± 10) ° C).

1.14. Test equipment must be certified in accordance with GOST 24555, and measuring instruments must be verified.

1.15. Tests should be carried out using simulators of working environments (drinking water, atmospheric air), if the use of a specific test environment is not specified in the NTD for this product.

2. TEST PROGRAM

2.1. Test object

2.1.1. The test objects are:

1) prototypes of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of similar products (hereinafter - prototypes) - during acceptance tests;

2) samples of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of similar products, first mastered by this enterprise (hereinafter - samples of products being mastered) - during qualification tests;

3) samples of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of homogeneous products manufactured by this enterprise (hereinafter - samples of products) - during periodic testing of finished products;

4) samples of products according to listings 1-3, planned for export delivery;

5) manufactured products in the amount of manufactured batches - during acceptance tests;

6) samples of specific products for which an independent quality assessment should be carried out in accordance with the established procedure - during arbitration and other types of control tests (examinations).

2.1.2. Acceptance tests should be submitted to each batch of products.

2.1.3. Tests of all types (except for acceptance tests) are subjected to at least two samples of each single product, a specific product (standard size) or a typical representative of a group of similar products. On each sample, the index "I" is applied, which means that the product belongs to the tests. The number of samples to be tested must correspond to that specified in the NTD for this product.

2.2. Controlled parameters and characteristics

2.2.1. In general, the composition of the tests and the sequence of checks should correspond to those indicated in table. 2, if other tests are not provided by the normative and technical documentation for this product. If additional checks are necessary, private (work) programs and test methods should be developed, taking into account the requirements of this standard and agreed in the prescribed manner with the customer (main consumer).

table 2

Note. The “+” sign means that the tests are carried out, the “-” sign - not.

2.2.2. Tests according to table. 2 subject all specimens submitted for testing.

2.3. Test conditions and procedure

2.3.1. Tests of SK and UP for strength are carried out with a test hydraulic pressure of the test medium, the value of which for a given conditional pressure Ru is established by GOST 356, if other standards are not provided for by the NTD for this product.

During testing, products must be protected from tension (compression).

Note. It is allowed to carry out tests at the pressure of the test medium Ptest = Ru if it is provided by the NTD for this product. The test medium is water.

2.3.2. Thermal resistance tests are subject to SK and UP, intended for operation in working environments with a temperature of more than 423 K (150 ° C).

Tests are carried out by control heating of products in a preheated oven to a temperature of (548 ± 25) K ((275 ± 25) ° C).

Note. Products whose design contains a guide pipe are subjected to a heat resistance test before installing the pipe.

2.3.3. Tightness tests are carried out in accordance with clause 2.3.11.

2.3.4. The main dimensions of the SC and UP are controlled by a measuring instrument of the second accuracy class by comparing the actual values ​​with the dimensions established by the design documentation.

Product marking is checked visually.

2.3.5. The appearance of the SC and UP is checked by inspection for damage and defects in structural elements. During inspection, the surface quality of the bellows and the flange mounting surfaces should be checked.

2.3.6. Determination of stiffness - axial (Сl), shear (Cd) angular (rotation, Сg) should be carried out at atmospheric pressure of the test environment within the displacement amplitudes (l, d, g) established by the technical documentation for this product. The test medium is air.

2.3.7. The amplitudes of displacement (static) l, g, d, established by the NTD for a given product (draft NTD), are controlled in the process of determining the stiffness (Cl, Cg, Cd) in accordance with clause 2.3.6.

2.3.8. Vibration tests should be carried out in axial and transverse directions at atmospheric pressure. The test medium is air.

The frequency range and permissible vibration acceleration are accepted in accordance with the requirements of the NTD for this product.

2.3.9. Impact tests shall be carried out in axial and transverse directions at atmospheric pressure of the test medium.

The characteristics of shock loads in terms of acceleration, pulse duration, and the number of impacts are set by the NTD for products.

Note. Depending on the design features of the products, their mass and overall dimensions, it is allowed to check the SC and UE for the ability to withstand the destructive action of shock loads by simulating the impact of impact by other types of loading, equivalent to it in terms of the level of stresses in the structure caused by impact.

2.3.10. Tests to confirm the probability of failure-free operation (hereinafter referred to as FBG) of SC and UE should be carried out for the specified operating time, with amplitudes of repeated-static displacements and the effect of the test internal (external) hydraulic pressure Pisp = Ru, established by the NTD on the product. The test medium is water.

Notes:

1. The value of FBG for newly developed products should be determined during preliminary tests, if any. If preliminary tests are not carried out, the definition of FBG is carried out on acceptance tests.

2. Determination of FBG should be carried out experimentally or taking into account additional information about the tests of analogues (or the main elements of the SC, UP) according to the normative and technical documentation in force in the industry - the product developer.

2.3.10.1. FBG confirmation is carried out by test operating time with the number of failures equal to zero.

2.3.10.2. When exposed to several types of displacements (loads) on the SC and UP, tests should be carried out in one equivalent mode, corresponding to the damaging effect of a set of operational loads (loading modes).

The parameters of the equivalent test mode are determined by the developer of the SK and UE by calculation according to the methods in force in the industry, and the calculation itself is attached to the test materials (if these parameters are not specified in the NTD for this product).

2.3.11. Tightness tests should be carried out during the acceptance tests of products, as well as after tests according to paragraphs. 2.3.8, 2.3.9 and 2.3.10.

The threshold sensitivity of the tightness control system, as well as the level (class) of the tightness of products, is set depending on the operating conditions of the NTD for the product.

2.3.12. Weight control should be carried out by weighing the samples presented for testing.

2.4. Requirements for metrological support of tests

2.4.1. The material, technical and metrological support of the tests is carried out by the enterprise conducting the tests.

2.4.2. The necessary measuring instruments (instruments and devices) are prescribed taking into account the measurement errors of the controlled quantities established by the technical documentation for products, from among those permitted for use.

2.4.3. A typical list of types of instruments and devices used when checking the parameters and characteristics of the IC and UE is given in Appendix 6.

A specific list of materials, measuring instruments and registration should be given in private (working) test methods.

2.5. Work safety requirements

2.5.1. Safety and trouble-free testing is ensured by the company where the tests are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the industry.

2.5.2. Test benches must be provided with fences and warning signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026 with an explanatory inscription: “CAUTION! TESTS ARE CONDUCTED! ".

2.5.3. In the event of an emergency, the tests must be stopped immediately, the stand and equipment must be de-energized. The resumption of tests is allowed only after elimination of the causes that caused the emergency.

2.5.4. All testing work is carried out by appropriately trained personnel under the direction of the responsible supplier or the person in charge of testing.

2.5.5. Movements of objects weighing more than 20 kg must be carried out using lifting equipment.

3. TEST PROCEDURE

3.1. Depending on the composition of the test equipment and measuring instruments on the basis of this standard, private (working) test methods should be developed.

3.2. Acceptance test procedure

3.2.1. The strength test should be submitted to the assembled product, without protective covers. Products must be cleaned of foreign objects; the presence of paint and varnish coatings on the connecting surfaces and bellows is not allowed.

3.2.2. The process of loading the SC and UP with pressure is carried out sequentially stepwise, with holding every 0.1 Pisp (but not less than 0.05 MPa (0.5 kgf / cm2)), for 1-2 minutes. In all cases, it is not allowed to load the product with a pressure exceeding the value of the test pressure Рпр, as well as the value of the conditional pressure Рn during the tests according to clause 2.3.10.

3.2.3. SK and UP are considered to have passed the tests if no pressure drop was observed under the test pressure Ppr for 5 min, and after the load was reduced from the test pressure to the conditional Py, no loss of axial stability was observed.

3.2.4. The control of thermal stability is carried out visually after heating the products for 1 hour in a preheated oven. Visible peeling, swelling, cracks and tears on the inner and outer surfaces of the bellows and welds are not allowed.

3.2.5. Leakage control should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of clause 3.7.

3.2.6. Dimensional control and marking verification should be carried out on a surface plate in a room with general and local lighting that complies with the established standards for machine shops.

The accuracy of dimensional control is due to the maximum deviations specified in the design documentation.

3.2.7. Appearance control should be carried out under the conditions specified in clause 3.2.6. The surfaces of the bellows and the connecting surfaces of the flanges are checked by comparison with a control sample of the permissible surface condition (control samples). Control samples on the connecting surfaces of the SC and UE and the surface of the corrugated part of the bellows must be manufactured by the manufacturer of the products, agreed with the developer and approved in accordance with the established procedure.

Damage to structural elements of the SC and UP, as well as defects on the surfaces of the bellows and the connecting surfaces of the flanges, larger than those of the control samples, are not allowed.

3.3. Methods for determining (checking) stiffness and amplitudes of static displacements

3.3.1. Determination of axial stiffness Сl in compression-tension

3.3.1.1. The bellows expansion joint or seal (test sample) is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, Fig. 12.

The center of application of the force providing displacement is aligned with the center of the product (axis of symmetry). The permissible deviation is set in accordance with the technical documentation for the test equipment (stand).

3.3.1.2. A test force is applied to the sample, providing compression (tension), and the correct installation of the product on the stand is checked.

The installation is considered correct if the movement of the free end of the product during compression (tension) occurs without distortions. The permissible deviations should not exceed the value of the tolerance for the parallelism of the end surfaces of the product, established by the design documentation on the SC (UP).

3.3.1.3. Similarly to clause 3.3.1.2, an axial force is applied to the product, which provides compression (stretching) of the SK (UP) bellows by the value of the amplitude of the axial stroke specified in the NTD for this product. Compression (stretching) is carried out stepwise, at intervals of raphe, up to 3-5 points. At the same time, at each point (i), the value of the current displacement liсzh (rast) is recorded according to the indicator and the applied force Qiсzh (rast) - according to the dynamometer.

3.3.1.4. Measurements according to p. 3.3.1.3 are performed 3 times, after which the average values ​​of the applied force Qciсж (rast) at each i-th point are determined.

According to the average values ​​of the applied forces Qci, the numerical values ​​of the stiffness () kN / m are determined, for any fixed value of the displacement according to the formula

.

Note. When determining the value of the force Qci, the additional effect of the mass of the DQ connection fittings must be excluded:

Qiсж = Qi + DQ,

Qi rast = Qi - DQ.

3.3.2. Determination of the angular stiffness Cg when turning (bending) SK and UP

3.3.2.1. A swivel-type SK sample is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 3.

In the test system for measuring the values ​​of the angular travel (rotation) at the free side of the sample, a lever must be installed on the connecting fittings SK, which creates a bending moment Mmzr, and an optical quadrant that fixes the angle of rotation. The force of rotation by the value of the amplitude established by the technical documentation for this product, at regular intervals at 3-5 points, should be measured with a dynamometer.

3.3.2.2. The average stiffness value is determined in the order given in clause 3.3.1.4.

According to the average values ​​of the efforts Qci ig, the numerical values ​​of the stiffness Cg i, kN-m / deg, are determined, for any fixed value of the angle of rotation (at the i-th point) by the formula

where Mizg is the bending moment created by the force Qci of the outgrowth, at the current point i on the shoulder l kN-m;

Mizg.i = Qci exile.l.

3.3.2.3. Determination of the angular stiffness of universal SC, as well as UP is carried out by a method similar to that specified in paragraphs. 2.1, 3.3.2.2, in accordance with appendix 7, fig. 4.

The hinge assembly of the tooling provides rotation (bending) of the corrugated shell relative to the center of rotation of the product.

Note. When determining the numerical values ​​of the stiffness SC (UE) in this case, the force created by friction in the hinge joints of the tooling must be excluded from the obtained measurement results.

3.3.3. Determination of stiffness Cd at shear SC and UP

3.3.3.1. The bellows expansion joint or seal is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, Fig. five.

3.3.3.2. In the test system, a dynamometer should be installed to measure the force, and an indicator to measure the value of displacement (displacement).

Shear-type products are tested as delivered, and universal-type and shear-rotary products are tested using special technological equipment.

3.3.3.3. A shear force Qsdv, measured by a dynamometer, is applied to the SK (UP) sample from the side of the movable end in the direction perpendicular to the product axis.

The movement (shift di) is carried out stepwise, at regular intervals of 3-5 points, up to the amplitude value specified in the technical documentation for this product.

3.3.3.4. The numerical value of the shear stiffness Cd i, kN / m, is determined by the formula

where Qci sd is the average value of the effort over 3 dimensions.

Note. When determining the numerical values ​​of the stiffness of the SC (UE), the stiffness of which is measured using technological equipment, the force created by friction (DQ) in the hinge nodes should be excluded.

3.3.4. Checking the amplitudes of displacements is carried out when determining the corresponding stiffness according to the procedure given in paragraphs. 3.3.1.3, 3.3.2.1, 3.3.2.3, 3.3.3.

3.4. Test procedure for vibration strength

3.4.1. Depending on the nature of the vibration loads specified by the technical documentation for products, various test methods can be assigned using the appropriate equipment:

1) the impact of vibrations in the frequency range from 5 to 60 Hz at vibration acceleration amplitudes up to 19.6 m / s2, with verification of this effect in the resonance zone of the frequency range;

2) the impact of vibrations in the frequency range from 5 to 2000 Hz with vibration acceleration amplitudes up to 294 m / s2.

3.4.2. The test system should provide measurement of vibration acceleration amplitudes (m / s2), vibration frequencies (Hz), vibration displacement amplitudes (vibration ranges, mm) and the time of exposure to vibration loads on the sample (s, h).

Note. The test equipment must be pre-checked in the entire frequency range for the presence of natural resonances, the data on which (if any) are entered in the equipment passport (or a document replacing it). The occurrence of resonant vibrations at the natural resonance frequencies of the tooling during the testing of the product is not a sign of the product resonance.

3.4.3. Testing of product samples - in accordance with clause 3.4.1, listing 1.

3.4.3.1. The product is installed on a vibration stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 6. Tests are carried out under the influence of vibration loads in the axial (hereinafter: along the X axis) and in the transverse (hereinafter: along the Y, Z axes) directions.

The expediency of using special and unloading devices, equipment is determined by the testing department.

3.4.3.2. The product is tested as an assembly, unless other requirements are specified by the NTD for this product.

3.4.3.3. Acceleration sensors should be installed on the rig and on the product in such a way that their axis coincides with the direction of vibration of the vibration exciter table of the stand. The number of sensors placed on the movable table of the vibration exciter of the stand, equipment, product elements depends on the size and design of the product, but should not be less than 4 pcs.

A non-contact method of measuring the amplitudes of vibration displacement of corrugated elements is allowed.

3.4.3.4. Vibration tests consist of the following stages:

1) tests to detect resonant frequencies (resonances);

2) tests for vibration resistance in a given frequency range;

3) tests for vibration resistance at resonant frequencies.

3.4.3.5. Tests for the detection of resonances are carried out with a smooth change in the frequency of disturbing vibrations (sinusoidal vibration) in each frequency band within the entire frequency range specified by the technical documentation for this product. The travel time of each frequency band (continuous frequency sweep speed) should be sufficient to detect resonance, but not less than two to three minutes in one direction.

After passing the entire frequency range in the forward direction (from the lower frequency to the upper), it is repeated in the opposite direction. A sign of resonance is considered to be a twofold or more increase in the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of individual parts or structural elements of the product compared to the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of attachment points measured by sensors installed on the side of the vibration source:

where A is the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of the points of attachment to the table of the vibration accelerator of the stand, mm (m / s2);

A1 is the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of structural elements of the SC (UE) in the axial direction, mm (m / s2);

A2 - the same, in the transverse direction.

Notes:

1. Within the entire specified NTD for a given product in the frequency range, one or more resonant frequencies can be identified.

2. The division of a given frequency range into frequency bands is carried out in accordance with the rules established in industry normative and technical documents, depending on the design, purpose and scope of SC and UE, unless other requirements are provided for by the NTD for this product.

3. The difference between the amplitudes of vibration displacements (vibration accelerations) at any two points of one element of the product should not be more than 15%.

3.4.3.6. In case of non-detection of resonances during the tests according to clause 3.4.3.5, the products are subjected to vibration tests in the frequency range specified by the NTD for this product.

The tests are carried out with a smooth change in the frequency of disturbing vibrations and at the speed of its continuous sweep, providing the following test duration:

2 h - for axial exposure to vibration loads;

4 hours - for lateral exposure to vibration loads.

Interruptions are allowed during the tests, but the total test duration must be maintained.

3.4.3.7. The sample is considered to have passed the vibration test (p. 3.4.3.6), if, after exposure to vibration loads, it has not lost its tightness and no mechanical damage (cracks, destruction) of its elements was found during visual inspection.

3.4.3.8. If resonances are detected during the tests according to clause 3.4.3.5, the products are subjected to vibration tests at the corresponding resonant frequencies and in those positions at which they were detected.

In this case, the tests according to clause 3.4.3.6 are not carried out.

3.4.3.9. For products in which resonant vibrations of the same frequency took place in the axial and transverse directions, tests according to clause 3.4.3.8 are carried out only in the position in which the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) was greater.

The duration of the tests (exposure) at each detected resonant frequency is determined from the condition of the product 106 oscillations. The criterion for evaluating the results of vibration tests at resonant frequencies is similar to that specified in clause 3.4.3.7.

3.4.4. Testing of product samples - according to clause 3.4.1, item 2.

3.4.4.1. Samples are subjected to vibration in the same way as in paragraphs. 3.4.2, 3.4.3.1-3.4.3.3, in accordance with the parameters of vibration action given in the NTD for this product: type of vibration; frequency range (broken down into frequency bands); vibration acceleration; the time of exposure to vibration in each frequency band and in the entire range as a whole.

3.4.4.2. The sample is considered to have passed the vibration test if, after exposure to vibration loads, it has not lost its tightness and no mechanical damage (cracks, destruction) of its elements was found during visual inspection.

3.5. Test procedure for impact resistance

3.5.1. The bellows expansion joint or seal assembly is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, Fig. 7. Products intended for operation on liquid media must be filled with a simulator of the working medium (medium).

The expediency of using special devices, tooling and simulators of boundary conditions is determined by the testing department, based on the design features, overall dimensions and weight of the tested products, if the requirements are not established by the NTD for this product.

3.5.2. When installing a sample of SC or UP on the stand, the center of mass of the product (assembled with the equipment) must be aligned with the axis of the shock impulse of the stand. The permissible deviation is established in accordance with the documentation for the test equipment (stand).

3.5.3. Tests are carried out by applying shock loads in the axial and transverse directions specified in the NTD for this product, characterized by:

1) the numerical value of the impact acceleration (m / s2);

2) pulse duration (ms);

3) the number of impacts.

3.5.4. The acceleration sensor must be installed in the central part of the load table of the stand so that its axis coincides with the direction of the impact.

3.5.5. After the impact of each impact, it is necessary to check the fastening of the product on the stand table, as well as to inspect the product for the timely detection of cracks and damage. After completion of the impact resistance tests, the sample is checked for tightness.

3.5.6. Samples of SK and UP, the tests of which with the effect of specified shock loads on the stands cannot be carried out (due to the large mass, overall dimensions or design features), by agreement with the customer (main consumer), the developer and the head testing organization, it is allowed to be tested using imitation of shock effects other loads (for example, water hammer, static displacement, etc.), provided that they are equivalent to the specified shock loads in terms of the level of stresses arising from their application in the bellows shell and elements of restrictive reinforcement.

Note. Testing is carried out in accordance with industry practice. Calculations of the loading parameters and the stress state of the bellows SK (UE) shall be attached to the test report.

3.5.7. A specimen is considered to have passed the impact resistance test if, after exposure to shock loads (or loads simulating an impact), it has not lost its tightness and no damage (cracks and destruction) of its elements has been established during visual inspection.

3.6. Test procedure to confirm the likelihood of failure-free operation

3.6.1. Tests to confirm FBG with a given confidence level are carried out on stands that provide the necessary types and amplitudes of displacements when exposed to internal (external) hydraulic pressure equal to Ru.

3.6.2. Depending on the type of SC (UE) and the type of movement set by the program, the assembled products are installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, Fig. 8-16.

Note. The protective covers must be removed before testing.

3.6.3. The tests should be carried out at a frequency of movements not exceeding 40 cycles per minute. The deviation of the test pressure from that specified by the test program should not be more than 5%.

The test system should provide:

measurement of the pressure of the test medium (MPa) and the value of the displacement amplitude (mm, degree);

registration of the number of worked cycles;

the possibility of external inspection of the product during testing.

3.6.4. Confirmation of FBG should be carried out by test operating time Ni, the numerical value of which should not be less than 1.15 of the numerical value of the assigned operating time Nn with the number of failures equal to zero: Ni ³ 1.15Nn.

Notes:

1. The numerical value of the test operating time Ni, is established by the developer of the SK (UE) in the scientific and technical documentation for products by calculation according to the methodology in force in the industry, depending on the initial quantitative indicators (probability of failure-free operation, confidence probability, coefficient of variation or the value of the standard deviation adopted the law of distribution of operating time to failure and the number of samples being tested).

2. When carrying out periodic tests of products used for repair purposes, the confirmation of FBG should be carried out by a test operating time, the numerical value of which should not be less than the numerical value of the assigned operating time, with the number of failures equal to zero: N and ³ Nн.

3.6.5. The samples are considered to have passed the tests, and the probability of failure-free operation of the batch of manufactured products is confirmed, if the samples tested by the N and the samples have not lost their tightness and have no mechanical damage.

3.7. Leak test procedure

3.7.1. Tests of SC and UE for tightness should be carried out by mass spectrometric, hydrostatic or bubble methods.

3.7.2. The method (method) of tightness control is established by the design documentation for the product, taking into account the provisions and requirements of the industry normative and technical documentation, and the threshold sensitivity of the control system is the NTD for this product.

3.7.3. In general, the following ranges are set for the threshold sensitivity of tightness control systems depending on the nominal pressure PN of the products:

more than 5-10-2 up to 5, L-μm / RT. st./s - Ru f 1.0 MPa (10 kgf / cm2);

more than 5-10-3 to 5-10-2, l-μm / hg. Art./s - Ru of St. 1.0 (10) to 4.0 (40) inclusive, MPa (kgf / cm2);

more than 5-10-5 to 5-10-3, l-μm / hg. st./s - PN> 4.0 MPa (40 kgf / cm2).

3.7.4. It is allowed to apply the following methods of tightness control.

Mac-spectrometric method - control methods:

helium or vacuum chamber;

helium probe;

blowing with helium;

hydrostatic method - hydraulic compression method;

bubble control method - control methods:

soaping (applying a polymer composition);

compression (immersion in liquid).

Note. Other methods that do not reduce the requirements for tightness and provide a specified level of threshold sensitivity of the control system must be agreed with the customer (main consumer) and the product developer.

3.7.5. When testing a SC or UE by methods providing for the creation of an overpressure of the test environment inside the product, the samples must be protected from stretching.

3.7.6. The surface of the bellows and welds connecting the bellows to the fittings must be free from rust, oil, emulsion and other contaminants, as well as paint and varnish coatings.

Before testing the tightness of products by the mass spectrometric method, their surfaces and internal cavities are dried from water and other liquid media. The drying mode (temperature, duration) must be set by the technological process, and the maximum temperature value must not exceed 423 K (150 ° C).

3.7.7. The sample is considered to have passed the leakproofness test if there was no pressure drop inside the sample, and the penetration of the test medium (control liquid or gas) through the walls of the sample structure (including the connections of its elements) did not exceed the standards established by the design documentation.

3.8. Weight control technique

3.8.1. The control of the mass of the SC and UP is carried out by weighing the products on the scales. The types of scales should be determined by the NTD for the product, depending on the scope of the products, their overall dimensions, nominal values ​​of the mass and its permissible deviations.

3.8.2. Only dry samples are subject to weighing, with previously separated transport and assembly fasteners and devices that are not part of the product design during its operation.

3.8.3. When weighing, the item to be inspected must be installed on the weighing platform in such a way that the center of mass of the item along the vertical axis relatively coincides with the center of the weighing platform.

3.8.4. The results of mass control of samples of commercially available products are considered positive if the actual value of the mass of products meets the requirements of the NTD for this product.

4. PROCEDURE FOR PROCESSING AND REGISTRATION OF TEST RESULTS

4.1. Test data processing

4.1.1. The processing of test data consists in carrying out calculations and calculations, as well as in analyzing and comparing the obtained values ​​of parameters and characteristics with their values ​​specified in the technical documentation for this product, taking into account the maximum deviations.

4.1.2. The processing of the test data should be carried out by the personnel of the test departments.

4.2. Registration of test results

4.2.1. According to the results of tests (inspections), test reports (inspections) are drawn up. A separate protocol is drawn up for each monitored parameter or characteristic.

Note. It is allowed to draw up one protocol to formalize the results of several tests (checks).

4.2.2. Test reports should generally include:

1) type of tests (in accordance with Table 2) - in the title of the protocol;

2) name, symbol and designation of products;

3) serial numbers of the tested samples;

4) the name of the manufacturer of the samples;

5) the date of drawing up the minutes;

6) controlled parameters and characteristics;

7) place of testing (name of the enterprise or organization that conducted the tests);

8) conventional designation of bench equipment;

9) designation of the document (programs, methods, programs and methods), in accordance with which the tests were carried out;

10) the period of time during which the tests were carried out;

11) test data, including: test conditions and modes; data of the current measurement of parameters (if necessary) and the values ​​of the measured quantities at the control points of measurements; the resulting final values ​​of the controlled parameters and characteristics, etc .;

12) information on the results of visual inspection of samples during testing and after testing, indicating the location and nature of the damage and destruction detected;

13) the results of weighing (weight control) of the samples;

14) the results of measuring the stiffness characteristics;

15) the results of tests for vibration strength in the form of a conclusion: "I passed the tests" or "I did not stand the tests as a result ...";

16) the results of tests of samples for impact resistance in the form of a conclusion: "I passed the tests" or "I did not stand the tests as a result ...";

17) test data of samples (test operating time Ni; presence or absence of failed samples; number of failed samples (if any) and the number of cycles they have accumulated by the time of failure) and test results to verify (confirm) the probability of failure-free operation (FBR) in the form of a conclusion on the compliance of the samples with the requirements of the NTD for this product in terms of reliability;

18) the results of testing samples for tightness in the form of a conclusion: "I passed the tests" or "I did not stand the tests as a result ...", indicating the method of control and information about the threshold sensitivity of the control system;

19) comments on design documentation, draft NTD for products and conclusions on the technical level and quality of products (for prototypes).

4.2.3. In general, the test reports shall be accompanied by:

1) tabular and (or) graphic material for determining the stiffness;

2) calculations of loading parameters and stresses in the bellows - when simulating shock loading (if they are absent in the technical documentation for this product);

3) calculation of equivalent test modes when checking the probability of failure-free operation (in the absence of the technical documentation for this product);

4) calculation of the numerical value of the test operating time N and (with the number of failures equal to zero) for tests to check the FBG (if there is no indication in the NTD for this product);

5) photographs of destruction (if any) caused by vibration, shock and (or) cyclic loads.

Note. Photos are completed as a separate appendix to the test materials.

4.2.4. The protocols of interdepartmental and departmental acceptance tests are signed by the head of the testing unit and the members (member) of the commission.

4.2.5. Protocols of state acceptance tests conducted by GOGIP or its basic testing departments are signed by the head of the testing department.

4.2.6. Protocols of qualification, periodic and other types of tests are signed by: the head of the test department; person responsible for testing; a representative of the customer * (the main consumer) and the state supervision body, if necessary.

* Customer representative at the testing facility.

4.2.7. Each test report must have a designation containing: the conditional code of the enterprise that conducted the tests (a four-digit alphabetic code included in the designation structure of KD according to GOST 2.201); the last two digits of the year of drawing up this protocol; serial number of the protocol (in the year of its preparation).

Structure of designation of test reports:

Example. IYANSH.91.011

4.2.8. The rules for drawing up protocols and other documents for tests must comply with those set out in Appendix 3, clause 2.6.

The procedure for accounting, storage and circulation of test documents is given in Appendix 8.

ANNEX 1

Reference

TERMS USED IN THIS STANDARD AND EXPLANATIONS TO THEM

Table 3

APPENDIX 2

Mandatory

TEST PROCEDURE

1. Acceptance tests

1.1. Acceptance tests (departmental, interdepartmental, state) are organized by the company - the product developer.

1.2. In the general case, the acceptance committee includes representatives of: enterprise (organization) - customer (main consumer) - chairman; developer company - deputy chairman; manufacturer; enterprise - developer of the object of application; a representative of the state supervision body, if necessary.

1.3. Enterprises (organizations) notify the developer enterprise in writing at its request about sending their representatives to the acceptance committee.

1.4. The selection committee works under the leadership of the chairman, and in his absence - under the leadership of the deputy chairman.

1.5. The tests are carried out in terms determined by the schedule agreed with the testing department.

1.6. Test subdivisions, as well as organizations, must be certified for the right to conduct tests in the manner prescribed by the USSR State Standard.

1.7. The development company provides the necessary working conditions for the acceptance committee.

1.8. The Commission is responsible for:

1) objectivity of conclusions and conclusions;

3) the timing and quality of registration of materials of the commission based on the test results.

1.9. The Commission has the right:

1) require the provision of additional information about the samples presented for testing;

2) invite specialists from other specialized organizations (enterprises) for consultation;

3) take a direct part in the tests;

4) in technically justified cases, take into account the results of previously carried out quality checks of products as test results;

6) assign qualification tests in cases of insufficient confirmation of parameters and characteristics at acceptance tests;

7) accept as indisputable documents of the parent organization for state testing or its basic testing units;

8) suspend testing in cases of violation of safety regulations or non-compliance of test or measuring instruments with the test program (methodology), until these violations are eliminated;

9) stop testing in cases of non-compliance of the parameters and characteristics obtained during testing with the requirements of the documentation and resume them after considering issues with interested organizations (enterprises) and making an agreed decision on the further performance of work.

1.10. All decisions of the acceptance commission are drawn up in minutes indicating the officials present at the meetings of the commission. Test reports are drawn up in accordance with clause 4.2.

1.11. When participating in the work of the Commission of the Register of the USSR, his representative signs the minutes of the plenary meetings of the commission. At the end of the work of the commission, the representative of the Register of the USSR draws up the "Act of the Register of the USSR", which is an integral part of the materials of the acceptance commission. At the same time, his signature is not provided in the act of the acceptance committee.

1.12. Each member of the commission, including the chairman and his deputy, has the right to state in writing his dissenting opinion on a particular issue considered by the commission. A dissenting opinion should be considered when approving the materials of the acceptance committee.

1.13. Registration of test reports should be carried out in accordance with Appendix 3, clause 2.2.

2. Qualification and periodic testing

2.1. Qualification and periodic tests are organized by the manufacturer of the products with the participation of a representative of the customer (main consumer) and the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.2. In the case of testing at an enterprise (organization) that is not a manufacturer, tests are carried out by a testing division of this enterprise (organization), certified in the manner prescribed by the USSR State Standard, with the participation of a customer representative at this enterprise (organization) and the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.2.1. The tests are carried out within the timeframe determined by the schedule agreed with the testing department. The schedule is drawn up by the person designated by the test officer.

2.2.2. Based on the test results, the testing department issues the test results to the manufacturer in the form of protocols.

2.3. Test reports are drawn up in accordance with clause 4.2.

Registration of test reports - in accordance with Appendix 3, p. 2.3, 2.4.

3. Acceptance tests

3.1. Acceptance tests are carried out by the technical control service of the manufacturer, and in the cases specified when ordering, a representative of the customer (main consumer) or a representative of the state supervision body. In this case, the acceptance of products by the technical control service precedes the acceptance of products by the customer (main consumer) or a representative of the state supervision body.

3.2. The basis for the acceptance of the product is the notification of its readiness provided by the manufacturer of the product.

3.3. Based on the results of acceptance, documents are drawn up, provided for by the provisions on acceptance of products for industrial and technical purposes, and a passport is filled out.

3.4. Compliance with the special conditions of the customer, agreed upon when ordering products, is marked in the documents for its acceptance.

PROCEDURE FOR REGISTRATION, SUBMISSION AND APPROVAL OF DOCUMENTS DRAFTED ON THE RESULTS OF TESTS

1. Documents drawn up based on test results

In the general case, the documents drawn up based on the test results of prototypes and commercially available products include:

1) test reports with attachments;

2) test report (conclusion - in arbitration tests).

2. Requirements for the design and procedure for approval of test documents

2.1. The procedure for drawing up test reports - according to clause 4.2.

2.2. The procedure for registration, submission and approval of acceptance test acts

2.2.1. Based on the results of consideration of the documents submitted to the commission (Table 1), the latter draws up an act. Registration of acts of the interdepartmental (departmental) acceptance commission - in accordance with Appendix 4, execution of acts of the state acceptance commission - in accordance with Appendix 5.

2.2.2. The act of the interdepartmental (departmental) commission is signed by the members of the commission, the chairman of the commission approves the act.

2.2.3. The act of the state acceptance commission is signed by the chairman and members of the commission. The act is approved by the organization that approved the composition of the commission.

2.2.4. If state tests are carried out by the basic testing division of the parent organization or the parent organization for state tests, then the test reports and annexes to them are submitted to the state commission by these testing divisions or the parent organization.

2.2.5. The documents drawn up based on the results of the work of the state acceptance commission are sent by the chairman of the commission for approval to the organization that appointed the commission, with a letter signed and signed by the head of the enterprise (organization) that conducted the tests. The term for consideration and approval of documents is no more than 15 days.

Note. Documents are sent unbound in one (first) copy.

2.2.6. After the approval of the documents on PP. 2.2.2, 2.2.5 of this annex, the documents are returned to the enterprise - the developer of the IC (UP) for registration, making copies and sending them to interested enterprises (organizations).

2.2.7. Acceptance commissions according to pp. 2.2.2 and 2.2.3 of this application are subject to registration (assignment of the next serial number in the year of drawing up the act) at the developer enterprise.

Registration of test reports is carried out after their approval.

2.2.8. Making copies of documents is allowed in any way that ensures unambiguous reading of the documents. Sets of copies of documents must be bound and have a cover made of soft cardboard with a label, which indicates: the name of the topic, designation of scientific and technical documentation for products, the number and date of approval of the acceptance test certificate.

2.2.9. The developer leaves the original copy of the documents (the first typewritten) for storage, and sends the remaining copies (copies) within 10 days from the receipt of the approved copy of the documents:

to the customer (main consumer) - 1 copy;

to the head developer of a specific type of equipment, a component of which is an SK or UP (in the case of testing component parts) - 1 copy;

manufacturer - 1 copy.

Note. The need to send materials to other organizations (enterprises) should be specified in the acceptance test report.

2.2.10. After completing the documents for acceptance tests, the enterprise - the developer of the SK (UE) must perform the following activities:

approval and registration of NTD for products in the manner prescribed by GOST 1.3;

correction of design and technological documentation based on the results of acceptance tests in accordance with the procedure established by GOST 2.503.

2.3. The procedure for registration, submission and approval of certificates of qualification tests

2.3.1. Based on the results of qualification tests, the manufacturer draws up an act in which it indicates:

1) the name, type and designation of products in accordance with the main design documentation;

2) designation of NTD for products;

3) serial numbers of samples;

4) the date of preparation of the document;

5) the purpose of the tests;

6) the name of the company that conducted the tests;

7) the name of the enterprise - the developer of the IC (UP);

8) the period of time during which the tests were carried out;

9) compliance of the SK or UE samples submitted for testing with the requirements of design documentation and technical documentation for products;

10) the name and designation of the test program and methodology, in accordance with which the samples were tested;

11) the results of the tests carried out with a conclusion on the conformity of product samples to the requirements of design documentation and standard technical documentation for products;

12) elimination of product defects (CD) identified by the acceptance committee and specified in the act;

13) the state of readiness of the manufacturer for the serial production of this product in a given volume;

The test reports with the corresponding annexes are attached to the act.

2.3.2. The certificate of qualification tests is signed by: a representative of the manufacturer (the person responsible for testing), a representative of the customer (main consumer) at the manufacturer and a representative of the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.3.3. The act of qualification tests is approved by the head (deputy head) of the manufacturer of the SK, UP.

Registration of certificates of qualification tests is carried out by the manufacturer.

2.4. The procedure for registration (except for enumerations 12-14, 16 of clause 2.3.1), submission and approval of acts of periodic testing of products is similar to that set forth in clause 2.3 of this appendix.

2.5. The procedure for drawing up, submitting documents (conclusions) of other types of tests (examinations) of finished products (according to clause 1.5) - in accordance with the approved Charter (Regulations) on the enterprise (organization) that conducted the tests (examination), agreed in the prescribed manner with the Gosstandart bodies , and the order in force at this enterprise (organization).

2.6. Document processing rules

2.6.1. The text part of the documents (test reports and materials attached to them, the test report and other documents) is performed in a typewritten method and drawn up in accordance with the general requirements for text documents in accordance with GOST 2.105, on sheets of A4 white paper in accordance with GOST 2.301 without a frame, a main inscription and additional graphs to it.

2.6.2. The quality of the execution of documents under paragraphs. 1 and 2.6.2 of this annex should provide the possibility of multiple making copies from them or making a duplicate.

2.6.3. The name of the test object in all documents of one set and in the titles of the documents must be the same with the name of the product in the NTD for the product and the main design document. Product designation - in accordance with GOST 2.201.

STANDARD FORM OF ACT

STANDARD FORM OF ACT

LIST OF MEASURING DEVICES USED IN CHECKING PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BELLOWS AND SEALS

1. Indicators of the dial gauge type ICh of the first class of accuracy - for measuring linear displacements.

2. Optical quadrants of types KO-1M and KO-3M - for measuring angular displacements.

3. Dynamometers of the DOR and DOS types of the second accuracy class - for measuring efforts.

4. Manometers of types MOSH and MTI are not lower than the first class of accuracy - for measuring hydraulic pressure.

5. Sensors-accelerometers of the KD type - for measuring vibration displacements (vibration accelerations).

6. Sensors-accelerometers - for measuring the amplitudes of shock accelerations.

7. Electronic frequency meters of types Ch3-33, Ch3-36, etc. - for measuring the vibration frequency.

8. Electronic or mechanical clocks of various types - to measure the current time of the test process (in hours, minutes, seconds).

9. Electronic or mechanical counters - for registering the number of loading cycles of the samples of SC and UE by static displacement (the number of cycles of the stand operation).

Determination of the angular stiffness of the SC and UE of the universal type

1 - dynamometer; 2 - power organ; 3 - beam; 4 - optical quadrant; 5 - bellows compensator; 6 - hinge; 7 - clamp; 8 - stand; 9 - earring

Determination of shear stiffness for SC and UE of universal and shear types

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - screed (technological or standard); 3 - indicator; 4 - equipment; 5 - earring; 6 - dynamometer; 7 - rod of the power body; 8 - fastening bolt; 9 - clamp

Tests of SK and UP for vibration strength

axially

1 - vibration transducer table; 2 - rigid rigging; 3 - bellows compensator; 4 - accelerometer sensors; 5 - device for static unloading of the vibroexciter mobile system; A - the amplitude of the table vibration exciter of the stand; A1, A2 - amplitudes of vibration displacements of elements of bellows corrugations

Tests of SK and UP for impact resistance

test position in the X direction

product position when tested in the direction of the Y (Z) axes

1 - axis of action of the stand shock pulse; 2 - technological flanges; 3 - limiting fittings SK, UP (if any); 4 - bellows compensator; 5 - load table of the stand; 6 - simulator of boundary conditions; 7 - equipment

Tests of SK and UP of universal type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation under compression-tension

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4 - intermediate flange; 5, 6 - screed; 7 - crossbar; 8 - earring; 9 - adapter; 10 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 11, 12 - flexible hose; 13 - manometer; 14 - pump; 15, 16 - shut-off valve; 17 - safety valve; 18 - clamp; 19 - stand; 20 - limit switch; 21 - push bar; 22 - indicator; 23 - technological stand (installation)

Tests of universal unloaded SC to confirm the probability of failure-free operation under compression-tension

1 - balanced bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4 - earring; 5 - adapter; 6 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 7, 8 - flexible hose; 9 - manometer; 10 - pump; 11, 12 - shut-off valve; 13 - safety valve; 14 - stand; 15 - limit switch; 16 - push bar; 17 - indicator; 18 - clamp

Tests of SK and UP of a universal type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in bending (turning)

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 5 - hinge; 6 - plug; 7 - adapter; 8 - drive; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - manometer; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - push bar; 20 - optical quadrant

Testing of the SC of the shear-rotary type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in bending (turning)

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - adapter; 7 - beam; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - manometer; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - push bar; 20 - optical quadrant

Test to confirm the likelihood of failure-free operation of rotary-type bellows expansion joints

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4 - plug; 5 - adapter; 6 - earring; 7 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 8, 9 - flexible hose; 10 - manometer; 11 - pump; 12, 13 - shut-off valve; 14 - safety valve; 15 - clamp; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - push bar; 19 - optical quadrant

Testing of SK and UE of a universal type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in shear

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - drive; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - manometer; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - push bar; 19 - indicator; 20 - clamp

Testing of universal unloaded SC to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in shear

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - manometer; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - push bar; 20 - indicator

Testing of the SC of the shear-rotary type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in shear

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - manometer; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - limit switch; 18 - push bar; 19 - indicator

Test to confirm the probability of failure-free operation of the SC (UE) of the shear type

1 - bellows expansion joint; 2 - bottom plug; 3 - top plug; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - adapter; 7 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 8, 9 - flexible hose; 10 - manometer; 11 - pump; 12, 13 - shut-off valve; 14 - safety valve; 15 - clamp; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - push bar; 19 - indicator

PROCEDURE FOR ACCOUNTING, STORAGE, HANDLING AND DISTRIBUTION OF TEST DOCUMENTS

1. Accounting, storage and circulation of documents

1.1. The originals (first typewritten copies) of the kits, including the test report (test reports), test reports and annexes to them, are subject to accounting and storage in the technical documentation department (CTD) or the technical documentation bureau (BTC) of the enterprise that registered the act (Appendix 3 ).

1.2. The original set of documents is stored in folders in unbound form for the possibility of repeated making copies or making a duplicate, if the signature of the document does not require a special procedure for accounting and storage.

General rules for the acceptance of originals of documents for storage, accounting, storage and circulation - in accordance with GOST 2.501.

1.3. Accounting, storage and circulation of copies of documents is carried out in accordance with the rules established by GOST 2.501. The storage of documents at the development enterprises is carried out in the NTD file for these products.

1.4. The storage period for test documents is 5 years, but not less than the period of periodic tests.

2.3. The transfer of the originals of acceptance test documents is carried out by the decision of the Ministry (department) according to the subordination of the enterprise that conducted the tests.

INFORMATION DATA

1. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED INTO ACTION by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated 25.10.90 No. 2686

2. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

3 REFERENCE REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

The certification of testing equipment is carried out on the basis of the Law of the Russian Federation "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements" and is regulated by the requirements of GOST 8.568 "GSI. Test equipment certification. Basic Provisions ", as well as the current norms and rules of metrological support.

In accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.568, during the certification of testing equipment, only measuring instruments of an approved type that have passed the relevant state tests in accordance with PR 50.2.009 - 94 should be used. ", They must be verified in accordance with PR 50.2.006 - 94. If the certified equipment is intended for testing in the interests of safety and defense, measuring instruments that have passed state tests and approved in accordance with GOST RV 8.560 must be used. In all other cases, the measuring instruments used for the certification of test equipment must be calibrated, as required by the Law of the Russian Federation "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements".

The measurement procedures used during certification must be standardized or certified in accordance with GOST 8.563. It is allowed to use non-certified techniques only if the accuracy parameters of the obtained measurement results are not known in advance.

In accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.568, any test equipment is subject to certification.

In the text of the specified GOST, terms and definitions are not given, but references to GOST 16504 “SGIP. Product testing and quality control. Basic terms and definitions ”. This regulatory document establishes the terms used in science, technology and production and defines the basic concepts in the field of testing and product quality control.

The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in documentation of all types of scientific, technical, educational and reference literature.

There is one standardized term for each concept. The use of synonymous terms of the standardized term is prohibited.

Terms marked with an asterisk (*) are approximate equivalents. Let's consider the main ones.

Tests * - an experimental determination of the quantitative and (or) qualitative characteristics of the properties of the test object as a result of exposure to it, during its operation, while modeling the object and (or) impacts.

The most important feature of any test is the adoption of certain decisions based on their results. Another sign of testing is the setting of certain test conditions (real or simulated), which are understood as a set of effects on the object and modes of operation of the object.

Determination of the characteristics of an object during testing can be carried out both during the functioning of the object and in the absence of functioning, in the presence of influences, before or after their application.

Test conditions - a set of influencing factors and (or) modes of operation of an object during testing.

The test conditions include external influencing factors, both natural and artificially created, as well as internal influences caused by the functioning of the object (for example, heating caused by friction or the passage of an electric current), and the modes of operation of the object, methods and place of its installation, installation, fasteners, travel speed, etc.

Normal test conditions * - test conditions established by the normative and technical documentation for a given type of product.

Test object * - products being tested. The main feature of the test object is that, based on the results of its tests, one or another decision is made on this object: about its suitability or marriage, the possibility of presenting it for the next tests, the possibility of serial production, etc.

Test method - rules for the application of certain principles and test means.

Test program * - an organizational and methodological document, mandatory for implementation, establishing the object and objectives of the tests, the types, sequence and volume of experiments conducted, the procedure, conditions, place and timing of tests, provision and reporting on them, as well as responsibility for ensuring and conducting tests.

Test method * - an organizational and methodological document, mandatory for execution, including a test method, means and test conditions, sampling, algorithms for performing operations to determine one or more interrelated characteristics of the properties of an object, the form of data presentation and assessment of the accuracy, reliability of the results, safety and environmental protection requirements.

Test tool * - technical device (substance) and (or) material for testing.

The term test means covers any technical means used during testing. This includes, first of all, test equipment, which is understood as a means of simulating test conditions. The means of testing include measuring instruments, both built into the test equipment, and used during testing to measure certain characteristics of an object or to control test conditions. The means of testing should also include auxiliary technical devices for fastening the test object, recording and processing the results.

Test equipment - a test tool, which is a technical device for simulating test conditions. Since the term "test equipment" as a means of testing to reproduce test conditions fully encompasses all interpretations of the term "test bench", then, accordingly, the test bench is a test equipment.

Qualification of test equipment - determination of the standardized accuracy characteristics of test equipment. Their compliance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the establishment of the suitability of this equipment for operation.

Accuracy of test results is a property of tests characterized by the proximity of test results to the actual values ​​of the characteristics of an object under certain test conditions.

Test report - a document containing the necessary information about the test object, applied methods, means and test conditions, test results, as well as a conclusion on the test results, drawn up in the prescribed manner.

Testing subdivision - a subdivision of the organization, which is entrusted by the management of the latter to carry out tests for its own needs.

In accordance with GOST 8.568, the main goal of certification of test equipment is to confirm the possibility of reproducing test conditions within the limits of permissible deviations and to establish the suitability of using test equipment in accordance with its purpose.

This suggests that in the process of certification (especially the primary one), it is necessary to determine the ranges of conditions (test modes, loads, etc.) reproduced by the test equipment and the actual values ​​of the errors of their assignment in accordance with the purpose of this test equipment and the specified test conditions.

One of the features of GOST 8.568 is that it requires primary certification when putting test equipment into operation in a given testing department, regardless of whether it was previously certified. Test equipment that has passed the primary certification earlier is subject to periodic certification during operation. In the event of repair, modernization, foundation work or any other work that could affect the technical characteristics of the test equipment, it is re-qualified. This GOST emphasizes that for the certification of testing equipment used for the purpose of mandatory certification of products, when testing products for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards and in the manufacture of products supplied under contracts for state needs, measuring instruments of approved types must be used in accordance with PR 50.2.009, which must be verified, measurement procedures must be certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.563.

If the test equipment is intended for testing products ordered by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the measuring instruments used must be tested and type approved in accordance with GOST RV 8.560.

It should be borne in mind that the previously used term "accuracy characteristics" of test equipment, established in GOST 16504, is not used in GOST 8.568: it is replaced by the term "technical characteristics" of test equipment, although it is indicated that they must be within the established limits, i.e. e. the values ​​of the errors of these characteristics must be specified.

Initial qualification of test equipment

The primary certification of test equipment consists in the examination of the operational and design documentation (if any), on the basis of which the test equipment was installed, the experimental determination of its technical characteristics and confirmation of the suitability of using this equipment in accordance with its purpose. Primary certification is carried out in accordance with the current regulatory documents on the methods of certification of a certain type of test equipment and (or) according to programs and methods for certification of specific equipment. The program and methodology (one document program-methodology - PM is allowed) of the primary certification of test equipment are developed by the organization (enterprise) conducting this certification. Since the objects of primary certification are specific test equipment with a certain list of standardized technical characteristics, then from this list it is necessary to reasonably select the characteristics to be determined or controlled. In this case, it is necessary to pay special attention to those technical characteristics that are not measured (controlled) during testing.

For example, if an electrical pulse generator is used as a test equipment, then it is imperative to determine the shape of the specified pulse, the harmonic distortion factor, the amplitude and frequency range of the output signal, since the value of frequency and amplitude is measured by built-in measuring instruments. These tools make it possible to measure the characteristics of the output signal, but they cannot give information about that. with what accuracy can the signal be specified, i.e. do not determine the capabilities of the test equipment in terms of the accuracy of the set mode. Thus, when qualifying this test equipment, it is necessary to determine the actual values ​​of the frequency and amplitude ranges, the waveform of the signal setting, the error in setting the frequency and amplitude values, and the stability of the output signal. Naturally, built-in measuring instruments must be verified and have valid corresponding marks about this verification (calibration).

The primary certification of testing equipment is carried out by a commission appointed by the head of the organization (enterprise) that owns the certified equipment. The commission includes representatives:

Subdivisions of the enterprise (organization) conducting tests using this test equipment;

Metrological service of the enterprise (organization), the division of which conducts the tests;

State scientific metrological centers and (or) bodies of the state metrological service when using test equipment intended for testing products for the purpose of its mandatory certification or for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards in the production of products supplied under contracts for state needs.

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (GSI). Test equipment certification. Basic Provisions (with Amendment No. 1)

GOST R 8.568-97

Group T80

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

State system for ensuring uniformity of measurements

TEST EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION

Basic Provisions

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.
Verification of testing equipment. General principles

For the text of the Comparison of GOST R 8.568-97 with GOST R 8.568-2017, see the link.
- Note from the manufacturer of the database.
____________________________________________________________________

OKS 03.120.20
17.020
OKSTU 0008

Date of introduction 1998-07-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of the Metrological Service (VNIIMS) of the State Standard of Russia

INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 53 "General rules and regulations of the GSI"

2 ACCEPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Standard of Russia of November 10, 1997 N 364

3 This standard implements the norms of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements" and the Law of the Russian Federation "On Certification of Products and Services" *
________________
Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On technical regulation". - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

5 EDITION (February 2007) with Amendment No. 1, adopted in October 2002 (IUS 1-2003), Amendment (IUS 4-2004)

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This International Standard specifies the main provisions and procedures for the qualification of test equipment.

2 Normative references

Throughout this standard, references are made to the following standards:

GOST 2.601-2006 Unified system for design documentation. Operational documents

GOST 16504-81 System of state product testing. Product testing and quality control. Basic terms and definitions

GOST R 8.563-96 * State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Measurement Techniques
________________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. GOST R 8.563-2009 is in force, hereinafter in the text. - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

GOST R 51672-2000 Metrological support of product testing for the purposes of conformity confirmation. Basic Provisions

3 Definitions

In this standard, terms are used with the corresponding definitions in accordance with GOST 16504 and GOST R 51672, including:

3.1 test equipment: Test tool, which is a technical device for simulating test conditions.

3.2 test equipment certification: Determination of the standardized accuracy characteristics of test equipment, their compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents and the establishment of the suitability of this equipment for operation.

3.3 test facility: Technical device, substance and (or) material for testing.

3.4 test conditions: A set of influencing factors and (or) modes of operation of an object during testing.

3.5 testing organization: An organization that, in the prescribed manner, is entrusted with testing certain types of products or conducting certain types of tests.

3.6 test department: A subdivision of the organization (enterprise), which is entrusted by the management of the latter with conducting tests for its own needs.

3.7 reproducibility of test results- according to GOST R 51672.

Sections 2, 3

4 General

4.1 The main purpose of qualification of test equipment is to confirm that the test conditions can be reproduced within the tolerance limits and to establish the suitability of the test equipment for its intended use.

4.2 When commissioned in this test subdivision, the test equipment is subject to an initial qualification.

Note - Test equipment, the primary certification of which was carried out in this testing division in accordance with GOST 24555-81 * before the date of entry into force of this standard, is not subject to repeated primary certification.
________________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. GOST R 8.568-97 is in effect. - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

4.3 During operation, the test equipment is subject to periodic certification at intervals specified in the operating documentation for the test equipment or during its initial certification.

Note - The time intervals for periodic certification can be established based on the results of monitoring the state of the test equipment during its operation; these intervals may be different for different parts of the test equipment.

4.4 In the event of repair or modernization of test equipment, work with the foundation on which it is installed, movement of stationary test equipment and other reasons that may cause changes in the characteristics of reproduction of test conditions, the test equipment is re-certified.

4.5 For certification of testing equipment used in mandatory certification of products, in testing products for compliance with mandatory requirements of state standards and in the production of products supplied under contracts for government needs, including for the needs of the defense and security sector, measuring instruments of approved types must be used, copies of measuring instruments must be verified, measurement procedures must be certified in accordance with GOST R 8.563.

When qualifying test equipment for testing products used in other areas, verified or calibrated measuring instruments should be used.

4.6 Tests, verification and calibration of measuring instruments used as test means or as part of test equipment are carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents of the state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.

The types of measuring instruments built into test equipment used for testing products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector must be approved in accordance with the procedure established for this area.

Note - Measuring instruments built into the test equipment must be of approved types, undergo initial verification and be subject to periodic verification during the operation of the test equipment, if it is possible to withdraw them for verification. If the design of the test equipment does not allow removing the built-in measuring instrument for its periodic verification, then the developer of the equipment should provide for the possibility of its verification during operation without dismantling, for example, using portable means of verification, etc.

4.5, 4.6 (Modified edition, Rev. N 1).

4.7 The test equipment transported during use is subject to initial qualification only when it is put into operation in accordance with 4.2 of this standard.

5 Initial qualification of test equipment

5.1 Initial certification of test equipment consists in the examination of the operational and design documentation (if any), on the basis of which the test equipment was installed, the experimental determination of its technical characteristics and confirmation of the suitability of using the test equipment.

5.2 Initial certification of test equipment is carried out in accordance with the current regulatory documents on the methods of certification of a certain type of test equipment and (or) according to the programs and methods of certification of specific equipment.

Programs and methods for the certification of testing equipment used in testing products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector must undergo a metrological examination in the order established for this area.

5.3 The objects of primary certification are specific test equipment with standardized technical characteristics of reproduction of test conditions and, if available, information support (for example, computer, software and (or) provision of operating algorithms).

5.2, 5.3 (Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

5.4 The technical characteristics of the test equipment to be determined or controlled during the initial certification are selected from the number of standardized technical characteristics established in the technical documentation and determining the ability to reproduce test conditions in specified ranges with permissible deviations within a specified time interval.

5.5 The primary certification of test equipment is carried out by a commission appointed by the head of the enterprise (organization) in agreement with the state scientific metrological center and (or) the body of the state metrological service (32 GNII MO RF), if their representatives must participate in the work of the commission. The commission includes representatives:

- subdivisions of the enterprise (organization) conducting tests on this test equipment;

- the metrological service of the enterprise (organization), the division of which conducts product testing;

State scientific metrological centers and (or) bodies of the state metrological service when using test equipment for testing products for the purpose of its mandatory certification or testing for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards or in the manufacture of products supplied under contracts for state needs (for the needs of the defense and security sector - 32 GNII MO RF);

- the customer at the enterprise in the case of using test equipment for testing products supplied under contracts for the needs of the defense and security sector.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

5.5.1 Initial certification of test equipment (with the exception of test equipment used for testing products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector) can be carried out on a contractual basis by the head and base organizations of the metrological service accredited in accordance with PR 50.2.008 (according to the scope of their accreditation ).

The primary certification of testing equipment used for testing products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector can be carried out on a contractual basis by organizations accredited in accordance with MI 2647.

(Introduced additionally, Rev. N 1).

5.6 Testing departments submit testing equipment for primary certification with technical documentation and technical means necessary for its normal operation and for primary certification. The submitted technical documentation should include:

- operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601, including a form, if available (for imported equipment - operational documents of the manufacturer, translated into Russian);

- program and methodology for the primary certification of test equipment;

- the methodology for the periodic certification of test equipment during operation, if it is not set out in the operating documents.

The program and methodology for the initial qualification of test equipment can be developed by the testing unit.

Note - The method of initial qualification of test equipment does not have a limitation in terms of validity, and if it meets the requirements for certified test equipment in terms of accuracy and reproducibility, it can be used by the test department in the future for certification of the same type of test equipment of a similar purpose, regardless of the timing of its introduction into operation.


(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

5.7 During the initial certification, establish:

- the ability to reproduce external influencing factors and (or) modes of functioning of the test object, established in the documents for testing methods for specific types of products;

- deviations of the characteristics of the test conditions from the standardized values;

- ensuring the safety of personnel and the absence of harmful effects on the environment;

The list of characteristics of the test equipment, which are checked during the periodic certification of equipment, methods, means and frequency of its implementation.

5.8 The results of the initial certification are documented in a protocol.

The contents of the test equipment initial qualification report are given in Annex A.

The protocol of primary certification of test equipment is signed by the chairman and members of the commission who carried out the primary certification.

5.9 In case of positive results of primary certification on the basis of the protocol of primary certification, a certificate is drawn up in the form given in Appendix B.

The certificate is signed by the head of the enterprise (organization), in the division of which the primary certification of the testing equipment was carried out.

5.10 Negative results of primary certification are indicated in the protocol.

5.11 Information about the issued certificate (number and date of issue), the obtained values ​​of the characteristics of the test equipment, as well as the period of the subsequent periodic certification of the test equipment and the frequency of its performance during operation are entered into a form or a specially kept journal.

6 Periodic qualification of test equipment

6.1 Periodic certification of test equipment during its operation is carried out to the extent necessary to confirm the compliance of the characteristics of the test equipment with the requirements of regulatory documents for test methods and operational documents for equipment and its suitability for further use.

The nomenclature of the verified characteristics of the test equipment and the scope of operations during its periodic certification are established during the initial certification of the equipment, based on the standardized technical characteristics of the equipment and those characteristics of specific products that are determined during testing.

6.2 Periodic certification of test equipment during its operation is carried out by employees of the unit in which the equipment is installed, authorized by the head of the unit to perform this work, and representatives of the metrological service of the enterprise.

6.3 The results of the periodic certification of the test equipment are drawn up in a protocol, the content of which is given in Appendix B. The protocol with the results of the periodic certification is signed by the persons who performed it. The protocol is approved by the head of the enterprise (organization).

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

6.4 If the results of the periodic certification are positive, an appropriate mark is made in the passport (form), and a tag is attached to the test equipment indicating the date of the certification and the period of the subsequent periodic certification.

6.5 If the results of the periodic certification are negative, the report indicates the measures necessary to bring the technical characteristics of the test equipment to the required values.

7 Re-qualification of test equipment

7.1 Re-qualification of test equipment after repair or modernization (see 4.4 of this standard) is carried out in accordance with the procedure established for the initial qualification of test equipment in section 5 of this standard.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1; Amendment).

7.2 Re-certification of test equipment after work with the foundation on which it is installed, or movement of stationary test equipment, or caused by other reasons that may cause changes in the characteristics of reproduction of test conditions, is carried out in the manner prescribed in 6.2-6.4 of this standard.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

APPENDIX A (recommended). Initial approval protocol for test equipment

A.1 The test equipment initial qualification record contains the following data:

А.1.1 The composition of the commission, indicating the name, position, name of the enterprise (organization).

А.1.2 Basic information about the test equipment [name, type, factory (inventory) number, name of the manufacturer].

A.1.3 Verifiable characteristics of test equipment.

А.1.4 Conditions for the initial certification: temperature, humidity, illumination, etc.

А.1.5 Documents used for initial certification: certification program and methodology, standards, specifications, operational documents, etc.

А.1.6 Characteristics of measuring instruments used for the initial certification of test equipment:

Name;

a type;

factory (inventory) number;

manufacturer;

information about verification (calibration).

NOTE Instead of the content of the protocol of A.1.5 and A.1.6, appropriate documents may be attached.

A.1.7 Results of initial qualification

А.1.7.1 External examination [completeness, absence of damage, functioning of units, assemblies, availability of valid documents for methods of verification (calibration) of built-in or included in the set of measuring instruments].

A1.7.2 The values ​​of the characteristics of the test equipment obtained during the initial qualification.

А.1.8 The conclusion of the commission on the compliance of the test equipment with the requirements of regulatory documents for test equipment and on methods for testing specific types of products and the possibility of using test equipment for testing them.

А.1.9.1 The list of standardized characteristics that are determined during periodic certification of test equipment during its operation.

А.1.9.2 Frequency of periodic certification of test equipment during its operation.

CERTIFICATE N ____________

APPENDIX B (recommended). Protocol for the periodic (re) qualification of test equipment

B.1 The protocol of the periodic (re) qualification of the test equipment contains the following data:

B.1.1 Basic information about the test equipment [name, type, factory (inventory) number, name of the manufacturer].

B.1.2 Verifiable performance of test equipment.

B.1.3 Conditions for periodic (re) certification: temperature, humidity, illumination, etc.

B.1.4 Results of periodic (re) certification

В.1.4.1 External examination [absence of damage, functioning of units, assemblies, availability of operational documents for test equipment and documents confirming information on verification (calibration) of built-in or included in the set of measuring instruments].

B.1.4.2 Characteristics of measuring instruments used for periodic (repeated) certification of test equipment [name, type, serial (inventory) number, manufacturer's name], and information on their verification (calibration).

B.1.4.3 The values ​​of the characteristics of the test equipment obtained in the previous qualification.

NOTE Instead of the content of the protocol of B.1.4.2 and B.1.4.3, appropriate documents may be attached.

B.1.4.4 Values ​​of the characteristics of test equipment obtained during periodic (re) qualification.

B.1.5 Conclusion on the compliance of the test equipment with the requirements of regulatory and operational documents for test equipment and for testing methods for specific types of products.

APPENDIX D (reference). Bibliography

APPENDIX D
(reference)

PR 50.2.008-94 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The procedure for accreditation of the head and basic organizations of the metrological service of the state governing bodies of the Russian Federation and associations of legal entities

MI 2647-2001 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The procedure for accrediting organizations for the right to certify test equipment used in the interests of defense and security *

APPENDIX D (Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

Electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC "Kodeks" and verified by:

official publication
M .: Standartinform, 2008

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (GSI). Test equipment certification. Basic Provisions (with Amendment No. 1)

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (GSI). Test equipment certification. Basic Provisions (with Amendment No. 1)