DIY grass shredder. DIY garden shredder

Let's take a look at the different types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grains, capable of handling any kind of plant waste. For you, we have compiled a selection of drawings and instructions for making a DIY knife garden shredder.

There are always a lot of pruned branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can pile them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quick receipt of organic fertilizer, for introducing chips into the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get excellent mulch or fuel for the boiler ... To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy or you can do yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when using the shredder, especially if you are shredding solid waste. Glasses and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main units and elements

The shredders consist of a cutting device, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with a sheathing. In addition, they can be equipped with a crushed organic matter hopper. From auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified by type of cutting system and type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

  • roll - branches and bushes;
  • hammer - thin branches;
  • milling - solid plant raw materials;
  • with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
  • knife - universal;
  • trimmer (fishing line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 - hammer grinder; 2 - milling grinder; 3 - grinder with milling and turbine knives; 4 - knife disc grinder

There are other designs as well. For self-production, knife and typesetting from circular saws are suitable. The most common are knife, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in two, three pieces or more, or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

type of drive

Garden shredder drives can be powered by electricity or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a unit with your own hands, they use an engine from a walk-behind tractor, which is idle for most of the year, or remove the motor from unnecessary household appliances. The main thing is that the power is sufficient - not less than 1.1 kW. If nothing is suitable, you can buy a new engine, but in this case, the benefits of a homemade shredder are no longer so tangible compared to a purchased product.

Some shredders that process extremely soft raw materials, such as succulent animal feed, may not have a drive and work from human muscular efforts. Below are the drawings of shredders that you can do yourself.

Homemade hand shredders. A - double-knife grinder: 1 - knives; 2 - shear plates. B - multi-knife grinder of greens: 1 - knives; 2 - counter plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop shredder: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 - crosspiece; 5 - handle; 6 - end wall of the body; 7 - shield; 8 - pitched board of the tray; 9 - stand; 10 - side wall of the case

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, one-sided sharpened saws, in the second, the knives and plates are made from the saw blade. The knives have beveled teeth, like a saw, with a pitch of 5 mm. Both shredders are equipped with long handles for ease of effort. The working part of the third design is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which protrude outward.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Consider several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Hammer Grinder Blueprint

The hammer grinder can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, grain.

1 - loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 - edging of the mouth of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 - damper / damper (sheet δ1 mm); 4 - M6 bolt for screed (8 pcs.); 5 - framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal angle corner 25 mm); 6 - hairpin М8 (8 pcs.); 7 - outer drum of the body (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 - stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 - hammers and spacer washers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to a hardness of HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. And 70 pcs., Respectively); 10 - bolt Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 - M20 nut with a spring washer; 12 - hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 - piping piping (equal-flange angle 25 mm); 15, 19 - gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 - nut М8 for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 - hammer rotor; 18 - flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs.); 21 - retainer; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting Tool - Circular Saw Pack

A package of 15-30 circular saws mounted on a shaft is one of the options for the cutting system of the shredder. Some craftsmen point out that the saw teeth are quickly clogged with plant matter. Others claim to have achieved good tool performance empirically by setting different teeth relative to adjacent saws. Since the carbide teeth are thicker than the blade itself, thin spacers made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the whole package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saws on a shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The mouth of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet is small so that a person's hand does not pass. It is better to make the frame for the shredder higher in order to remove the shredded raw materials less often.

Saw set on M20 hairpin

Side view

Double Roll Shredder

This shredder chops branches into measured lengths from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for stoking a bath or a wood-fired heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per one shaft, rigidly bolted. Knives can be carved from the spring of a KamAZ or MAZ. If you find a bulldozer knife, it will work too. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut off the branch, but do not cling to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is provided by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved due to a gear clutch moving with a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this shredder, it is advisable to use a high-power, but low-speed engine.

If you want to create a mobile shredder, you need to provide mounts for the wheels on the frame.

Frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft assembly

Arrangement of shafts on the frame

Shafts from a square billet for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: driven gears - from the MTZ shank, fitted to the desired size, the leading (gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found by the selection method.

Making a garden shredder with your own hands

The most structurally simple and inexpensive shredder can be made from a disc with knives attached to it, an engine, a frame and a loading hopper. You can grind the disc and knives yourself, order from a turner or buy parts in a store. The cultivator motor is suitable as a drive, and the frame and the loading hopper are easy to weld yourself.

Depending on how many knives are used and how they are exposed, the fraction of the resulting mulch can be different. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a shredder: a disc with four knives mounted vertically. Also, the design works well if the disc is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - 4 knives; 2 - disc cutter; 3 - bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

  1. Buy, order or grind your own disc with knives. The knife sharpening angle is 35-45 degrees. The blade must have holes for the bolts to attach to the disc. It is important to align the knives correctly and secure them with bolts and stops.
  2. Weld the frame, taking into account the fasteners for the drive and other elements.
  3. Place the disc on the drive shaft and secure.
  4. Weld the feed hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper of the chopped mass.
  5. Collect all the elements on the frame.

If the frame is installed on wheels, then the structure becomes mobile.

Grinding disc

Set of knives with fasteners

In the video, the master gives advice on the device of a homemade disc grinder.

Ecology of consumption. Farmstead: After the spring pruning of trees, most gardeners are faced with the problem of disposing of old branches. Here a garden shredder can come to your aid - a device that turns the source material into chips or flour.

After pruning trees in the spring, most gardeners are faced with the problem of disposing of old branches. If you are a thrifty owner, accustomed to putting all waste into business, then most likely you are sending all the branches to the compost heap. There, all this stuff rots and in 3-4 years you are guaranteed to receive an excellent organic fertilizer - compost. All this, of course, is wonderful, but too long. If you pre-grind the branches and leaves on them, then your compost will mature in a season, or even in a couple of months. And here a garden shredder can come to your aid - a device that turns the source material into chips or flour. The devices on sale are not cheap, so we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for making a garden shredder with your own hands.

Materials we need

We will not convince you that a homemade shredder will be completely free. Naturally, some details will go into its manufacture, which will cost money. However, on average, a home-made unit will cost you 2 times less than a ready-made shredder of a promoted brand. Judge for yourself, for a shredder you will need:

  • Circular saws - 15-25 pieces
  • Motor - gasoline or electric
  • Stud (rod) M20, washers and nuts to it
  • Pulley (for example, from a VAZ generator) and a dense belt
  • Bearings
  • Metal tubes for frame
  • Hopper sheet metal
  • Washers made of plastic 14-24 pieces

Garden shredder device - we will determine the most important parts of the unit

The crushing of the material in the garden shredder is carried out using knives. In finished models, the knife is most often a metal disc with 2-3 cutting surfaces. A large amount of work quickly renders the teeth unusable and they have to be sharpened periodically - you must admit, this is not very convenient, in addition, it takes your time. If you decide to make a garden chopper with your own hands, then you can not repeat these design flaws, but assemble a reliable, high-performance and, most importantly, durable knife.

We suggest using circular saw blades with carbide tips for this. It will take more than one disk, but several to type a system - a package from them. In ready-made garden shredders, the knife, as a rule, has a thickness of 3 cm, but we can collect a package of any thickness - everything will depend on the number of saws purchased. On average, for a high-quality knife with a thickness of 6-10 cm, 15-25 pieces are needed. Each blade has a variety of teeth, originally designed for sawing hard wood. Therefore, grass stems, leaves and branches for them will be like seeds. As a last resort, if the teeth on the saw become dull, there is nothing to stop you from going to the nearest tool store and purchasing a replacement.

Circular saws can be successfully used as shredder knives

However, the knife is not everything. In order to set it in motion, we need an engine. It is easier to use an electric motor to quickly chop branches in small volumes. Its use may seem somewhat inconvenient due to the cable and the need to connect to an outlet, but it works almost silently and does not emit exhaust gases. The tiller has more power, so it is ideal for those cases when you need to crush coarse material often and for a long time.

Step-by-step instructions and nuances of work

1. The saws are mounted on an axle, the diameter of which is determined by the rim diameter of the discs (20mm). An M20 threaded stud is suitable for this. Accordingly, washers and nuts of the same diameter will be required.

Saws typed on the axle of the future grinder

If we put the discs on the hairpin close to each other, then the knife will not work. Here's why: the width of the saw teeth is greater than the width of the blade itself, so the teeth will cling to each other as they rotate. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to separate the discs a short distance. This can be easily done with homemade washers that you can cut out of thin plastic. Their number should be 1 piece less than the number of circular saws.

2. A pulley is put on the axle-hairpin (from the VAZ generator or from the pump). To rotate the axle, two VAZ intermediate shaft bearings with an inner diameter of 20 mm are also used.

3. A frame is welded from profiled metal pipes, on which the walk-behind tractor is attached. The motor is mounted on a frame so that it can be moved relative to the circular saws. This is necessary in order to change the tension of the drive belt, if necessary.

An axle with circular saws is attached to the frame

4. For ease of use, a persistent metal profile bar is fixed on the frame, into which branches and stems will abut during crushing.

5. The cutting unit must be fitted with a metal cover that is welded from sheet metal or cut from galvanized steel. For reliability, it is better to use the first option.

The casing is better made of sheet iron - it is safer!

6. Above is attached another hopper with a bell for loading the material to be crushed. There are no special requirements for this part, therefore, most often it is made of flexible galvanized steel.

The receiving hopper is easy to make from galvanized steel

The advantages of a homemade option

Unlike factory models, a homemade shredder does not require excessive care. He will become a universal assistant in the household and will help not only chop branches and other household waste, but also crush fruits (apples, pears, plums), and together with seeds. This is very convenient when you need to make jam, mashed potatoes or homemade wine, when the fruits are crushed to a pasty state.

Garden shredder in action

The circular saws that form the blade of the unit are capable of processing fairly large pieces of wood. Of course, we are not talking about logs, but branches with a diameter of 10 cm will be quite "tough" for him. This makes a homemade shredder compares favorably with a factory product, the body of which simply does not allow large pieces of material to pass through. Accordingly, you will significantly save your time, because you do not have to sort the branches by size and think about where to put too large fragments. Also, you will not need to monitor the moisture content of the material, while the purchased shredder requires adjusting the degree of moisture content of the feedstock. The fact is that in most modern ready-made shredders, the electric motor is located at the bottom of the structure, therefore, when processing wet stems, moisture will inevitably get into the engine, and this will lead to breakdown. In a homemade product, you are free to decide where to install the engine, in the above version it is located horizontally, on the same level with the knives.

You should also pay attention to the cost savings when using a homemade shredder. Firstly, manufacturing will initially be cheaper than buying a factory device, and secondly, "homemade" will not need to purchase expensive parts in case of breakdown - all its elements are not expensive.

Homemade garden shredder is able to crush even large branches, turning them into chips

In addition, the homemade garden shredder is highly efficient. Any waste that is loaded into the hopper will be sucked in by the saw blades and disappeared at incredible speed. Thus, a home-made device can be no worse than an expensive and modern garden tool. In a word, if you really need a chopper, but there is no money to buy it, there is only one way out - to make it yourself!

Video example of using this unit

11515 0 0

DIY wood chipper - 3 options for real mechanisms

Any garden plot is unthinkable without periodic pruning of branches. Throwing them away as garbage is impractical, because this is a ready-made fertilizer and you only need to turn them into chips. Not everyone can afford to buy a factory shredder, but making a branch shredder with your own hands is quite realistic, and then we will analyze 3 options for making such devices.

The main components of the unit

There are many types of mechanisms and the price of the model is different, but both factory and home-made ones consist of the same units, the difference is only in size and layout:

  • The basis is a metal supporting frame, often it is made either from a corner or from a profile pipe;
  • The heart of any unit is a power plant. Here it is an electric or gasoline engine, less often diesel is used;
  • The most important knot is the cutting part;
  • Depending on the design, there may be a transmission mechanism. More often it is belt-driven, but on powerful units there are chain and gear drives;
  • Material feeding neck;
  • Bunker for collecting chips;
  • Protective devices and covers.

It is unrealistic to cut all the nodes, so I will talk about the main ones, that is, about the types of power plants and the cutting unit.

Types of power plants

The main and only advantage of grinders with internal combustion engines is their autonomy. The price of such devices is much higher, plus these engines are rather bulky and heavy. When installing with your own hands, a drive for a walk-behind tractor is most often used.

The internal combustion engine power for the shredder must be at least 6 horsepower.

It is much more convenient to make shredders based on electric motors. The assortment of this product is now huge, and at home there is almost always an ownerless engine. The most powerful semi-stationary shredders are usually made from circular, and if you are interested in a lightweight device for grass and small branches, then make from a grinder.

When choosing an electric motor for a homemade shredder, you should take into account its power, it all depends on which branches you are going to chop.

  • If in your area the diameter of the branches does not exceed 2 cm, then feel free to take a 1.3-1.5 kW engine. A broken drill, vacuum cleaner or grinder may well become donors;
  • For a young garden, where the thickness of the material is up to 4 cm, it will already be necessary to look for an engine of the order of 3-4 kW. A circular is usually taken here, by the way, the frame can also be used from it;
  • To grind serious branches up to 15 cm thick, the power of the power plant must be at least 6 kW. In the domestic sector, such machines are rarely used; this equipment is closer to professional.

Types of cutting units

The diameter of the branches that can be shredded on a shredder depends on the device of the cutting unit. There are 3 types of structures used in traditional factory units.

Illustrations Recommendations

Disk block... Such a block is a disc with several knives. It works on the principle of an electric plane.

It is considered the easiest to manufacture, but only grass and branches up to 2 cm can be chopped on it.


Milling unit... Quite a powerful system on which you can chop branches up to 8 cm.

You can make such a block with your own hands, the instruction is available, but it needs a good gear reducer, and it is expensive, so this design is rarely used.

Only dry branches can be shredded with a milling shredder, otherwise the shaft will become clogged with wet fibers.


Auger and turbine-milling unit.

These 2 types of cutting units are similar. These structures are considered universal, with the proper engine power they can cut any wood.

The problem is that it is almost impossible to make a cutting head at home. There is especially strong metal and non-standard configuration.

Three types of homemade shredders

At home, a screw and turbine-milling shredder is difficult to make, so craftsmen prefer to assemble disc-type structures, two-shaft shredders, as well as grinders from circular saws.

Option No. 1. Twin-shaft shredder

Among homemade products, this is the most powerful device, but you will have to tinker with it pretty much. The two round shafts are centered and positioned vertically on the box frame. Several removable knives are installed on each of the shafts. The more knives around the perimeter of the shafts, the finer the chips you get at the exit.

  1. Neck;
  2. Carrying frame;
  3. Cutting block frame;
  4. Cutting shaft;
  5. Transfer shaft;
  6. Transfer belt;
  7. Engine;
  8. Area.

The twin-shaft shredder is quite powerful, it is designed for large volumes and thick branches. If you need to chop up small bushes, it is better to pay attention to the disc system. For those who are interested in power, the video below in this article shows how to make a two-shaft shredder with your own hands.

Option No. 2. Shredder with cutting disc

A disc grinder is the easiest to manufacture, the main thing here is to correctly make a knife disc and not skimp on the quality of the knives themselves.

If you have a motor with a power of 3 kW or more, then the disc can be mounted directly on the motor shaft. For less powerful devices, a transmission mechanism is used.

Option number 3. Discs from circular

A circular saw blade shredder is also quite simple to manufacture. You need to order the turner the shaft on which the discs will be threaded, and purchase a set of the discs themselves.

There are a couple of things to consider when assembling. First, the discs are not threaded onto the shaft, but through washers 7–10 mm thick. Secondly, the teeth of adjacent discs should not be on the same line, they need to be arranged either randomly or diagonally.

Output

When assembling a garden shredder with your own hands, you need to start from which branches you plan to cut on it. Disc options are suitable for small and medium branches, and for serious volumes, a two-shaft design is better. If you have any questions, write in the comments, I will try to help.

October 3, 2017

If you want to express gratitude, add clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thank you!

A garden shredder (shredder or chipper) is a hinged or trailed device that is used to clean parks, garden plots from various types of plant debris.

This device helps to dispose of branches, foliage, as well as small tree trunks. Utilization occurs by crushing the original material and further using the resulting mixture as fertilizer to cover garden paths.

Both industrial shredders and small-sized devices are available that can be used for work in a suburban area.

Types of garden shredders

The types of shredders are distinguished by the cutting system used in them. In turn, the cutting system may differ in its elements, with the help of which the process of processing leaves, grass, branches is carried out.

The most popular cutting systems (PC), tested in practice and well-proven, are:

  • Molotkovaya RS - is installed on low-power units, which are designed for processing small “caliber” branches. The advantage of such shredders is their low price;
  • PC based on cutting mills- used in powerful units for grinding solid waste, as well as large wood waste;
  • Knife PC - used in most popular models of garden shredders. Devices with such a system can easily process both grass and leaves, as well as branches of various thicknesses.

Note! The garden shredder's knife cutting system is the most versatile and well suited for those jobs that are performed on the garden plot.

Find out how to make a router from a drill with your own hands:

The device and principle of operation of a shredder with a knife PC

Despite the rather complex drawings that can be viewed on the Internet, the device and principle of operation of such a grinder are quite simple.

The body of a garden shredder is usually mounted on a special support in the form of wheels or legs for easy transportation of the device. Outwardly, this whole structure looks like a cart with a handle. Inside the body there is a mechanism (gasoline or electric), as well as a grinding system.

The whole principle of operation of the grinder is very similar to the principle of operation of a conventional meat grinder:

  • A cutter with knives is attached to the shaft of the electric motor, with the help of which the garden waste is shredded;
  • The drive is carried out using a belt and a transmission mechanism;
  • Waste is received in the hopper (special bag for collecting garbage), which is ground by the cutting system described above;
  • The shredded wood from the silo can be used as compost by the grower.

Types of garden shredders

The types of shredders differ according to the type of motors used in them:

  • Electric shredder - low power shredder (up to 3000 W), designed for processing small plant waste (any herbaceous plants, leaves and branches up to 35-40 mm thick). Typically used in small garden areas;
  • with a gasoline engine, it can be of different power, stationary or mobile;
  • Mobile shredding devices can be divided into self-propelled (wheeled tractors) and trailed.

It should be noted that wheeled shredders can also be used to remove debris from park alleys,. This installation additionally has a unit that operates on the principle of a vacuum cleaner. It is designed for cleaning small debris - cans, corks, etc.

DIY garden shredder

Required materials and constituent elements:

  • Iron sheet for the manufacture of a hopper, into which the source material (branches, leaves) is fed. Sheet thickness - 10 mm and 2 mm;
  • Iron corners for the manufacture of bed(the base on which the hopper and engine are installed);
  • Disk for attaching knives;
  • Pulley - 2 pcs;
  • Knives - 3 or 4 things; You can use a car spring - this is the best option for making knives at home;
  • Shaft for knives - 2 pcs;
  • Rivets, bolts, nuts- to fasten, screw on structural elements;
  • Profile pipe;
  • Electric motor;
  • Wheels- you can use wheels from wheelbarrows, like those used in supermarkets, on the market;
  • Brush and dye to bring the design to its proper form.
    1. Preparatory work... Creation of a competent drawing of the future design. Particular attention is paid to determining the location of the motor shaft. According to the diagram shown in the figure below, the drawing of the garden chipper consists of several shafts, on each of which knives are attached ( 2-3 pieces). The shafts themselves are located between two metal discs. Free rotation of shafts is ensured by bearings;
  1. Assembling the structure... Based on the drawing, we proceed to assembling a homemade chipper.

Assembling your garden shredder

    • Create the frame... To do this: cut the profile pipe into parts. There should be 4 parts in total. Two of them are 40 cm and the other two are 80 cm... Next, we attach short blanks to long ones. Fastening is best done with a welding machine. It turns out the frame;

    • We attach to the finished frame 2 racks;
    • We make the shaft... To do this, you need metal blanks (round and square blanks). The round blank is ideal for holding knives in quantities 3 pieces, square - for 4... Both blanks are sharpened for knife cuts;
    • Work on the creation of a grinding (crushing) drum... The walls of the drum are made of sheet metal with a thickness 10 mm... We make holes in the walls, where we then insert the bearings;

    • Install inside the bearings shafts and fix them well. On the shafts, in turn, we put on the gears;
    • Work on the creation of the hopper receiving box... We cut out blanks from a prepared metal sheet in an amount 4 pieces... The shape of the blanks is a parallelepiped. The narrow edges of the workpieces must be bent (approximately 3-4 cm). We bend the long side of the blanks in the opposite direction also on 3-4 cm... We connect all the blanks to each other, and weld the edges with a welding machine for greater reliability;

    • We install the resulting structure on the base(frame) of the grinder and fasten it with bolts;
    • Installing the engine and tighten the drive belt... If it is necessary to dispose of large branches, you can use a more powerful engine, increase the bunker and install the entire structure on a stationary base - a table;

  • For all "working" elements of the chipper install a protective cover and a receiving container for raw materials. Thin sheet metal ( 2 mm).

Where to buy a garden shredder

Comfortable a garden shredder can be purchased at an affordable price in specialized stores. Prices range from 100 dollars before 4000 (Bosch AXT chopper).

However, before buying the best thing acquainted with reviews buyers on the Internet, as well as curious about friends of summer residents who are already using the shredder in their gardening.

And most importantly, think carefully, evaluate all the pros and cons, speculate how much work is planned on your site, what kind of plant debris prevails there, how often it is planned to use the shredder. Then it will become clear what type of garden shredder is needed. Or maybe you can make a garden shredder yourself?

A good example of making a garden chopper of grass and branches with your own hands is presented in this video.

Let's take a look at the different types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grains, capable of handling any kind of plant waste. For you, we have compiled a selection of drawings and instructions for making a DIY knife garden shredder.

There are always a lot of pruned branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can pile them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quick receipt of organic fertilizer, for introducing chips into the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get excellent mulch or fuel for the boiler ... To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy or you can do yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when using the shredder, especially if you are shredding solid waste. Glasses and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main units and elements

The shredders consist of a cutting device, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with a sheathing. In addition, they can be equipped with a crushed organic matter hopper. From auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified by type of cutting system and type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

  • roll - branches and bushes;
  • hammer - thin branches;
  • milling - solid plant raw materials;
  • with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
  • knife - universal;
  • trimmer (fishing line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 - hammer grinder; 2 - milling grinder; 3 - grinder with milling and turbine knives; 4 - knife disc grinder

There are other designs as well. For self-production, knife and typesetting from circular saws are suitable. The most common are knife, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in two, three pieces or more, or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

type of drive

Garden shredder drives can be powered by electricity or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a unit with your own hands, they use an engine from a walk-behind tractor, which is idle for most of the year, or remove the motor from unnecessary household appliances. The main thing is that the power is sufficient - not less than 1.1 kW. If nothing is suitable, you can buy a new engine, but in this case, the benefits of a homemade shredder are no longer so tangible compared to a purchased product.

Some shredders that process extremely soft raw materials, such as succulent animal feed, may not have a drive and work from human muscular efforts. Below are the drawings of shredders that you can do yourself.

Homemade hand shredders. A - double-knife grinder: 1 - knives; 2 - shear plates. B - multi-knife grinder of greens: 1 - knives; 2 - counter plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop shredder: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 - crosspiece; 5 - handle; 6 - end wall of the body; 7 - shield; 8 - pitched board of the tray; 9 - stand; 10 - side wall of the case

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, one-sided sharpened saws, in the second, the knives and plates are made from the saw blade. The knives have beveled teeth, like a saw, with a pitch of 5 mm. Both shredders are equipped with long handles for ease of effort. The working part of the third design is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which protrude outward.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Consider several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Hammer Grinder Blueprint

The hammer grinder can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, grain.

1 - loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 - edging of the mouth of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 - damper / damper (sheet δ1 mm); 4 - M6 bolt for screed (8 pcs.); 5 - framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal angle corner 25 mm); 6 - hairpin М8 (8 pcs.); 7 - outer drum of the body (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 - stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 - hammers and spacer washers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to a hardness of HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. And 70 pcs., Respectively); 10 - bolt Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 - M20 nut with a spring washer; 12 - hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 - piping piping (equal-flange angle 25 mm); 15, 19 - gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 - nut М8 for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 - hammer rotor; 18 - flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs.); 21 - retainer; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting Tool - Circular Saw Pack

A package of 15-30 circular saws mounted on a shaft is one of the options for the cutting system of the shredder. Some craftsmen point out that the saw teeth are quickly clogged with plant matter. Others claim to have achieved good tool performance empirically by setting different teeth relative to adjacent saws. Since the carbide teeth are thicker than the blade itself, thin spacers made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the whole package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saws on a shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The mouth of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet is small so that a person's hand does not pass. It is better to make the frame for the shredder higher in order to remove the shredded raw materials less often.

Saw set on M20 hairpin

Side view

Double Roll Shredder

This shredder chops branches into measured lengths from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for stoking a bath or a wood-fired heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per one shaft, rigidly bolted. Knives can be carved from the spring of a KamAZ or MAZ. If you find a bulldozer knife, it will work too. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut off the branch, but do not cling to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is provided by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved due to a gear clutch moving with a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this shredder, it is advisable to use a high-power, but low-speed engine.

If you want to create a mobile shredder, you need to provide mounts for the wheels on the frame.

Frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft assembly

Arrangement of shafts on the frame

Shafts from a square billet for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: driven gears - from the MTZ shank, fitted to the desired size, the leading (gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found by the selection method.

Making a garden shredder with your own hands

The most structurally simple and inexpensive shredder can be made from a disc with knives attached to it, an engine, a frame and a loading hopper. You can grind the disc and knives yourself, order from a turner or buy parts in a store. The cultivator motor is suitable as a drive, and the frame and the loading hopper are easy to weld yourself.

Depending on how many knives are used and how they are exposed, the fraction of the resulting mulch can be different. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a shredder: a disc with four knives mounted vertically. Also, the design works well if the disc is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - 4 knives; 2 - disc cutter; 3 - bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

  1. Buy, order or grind your own disc with knives. The knife sharpening angle is 35-45 degrees. The blade must have holes for the bolts to attach to the disc. It is important to align the knives correctly and secure them with bolts and stops.
  2. Weld the frame, taking into account the fasteners for the drive and other elements.
  3. Place the disc on the drive shaft and secure.
  4. Weld the feed hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper of the chopped mass.
  5. Collect all the elements on the frame.

If the frame is installed on wheels, then the structure becomes mobile.

Grinding disc

Set of knives with fasteners

In the video, the master gives advice on the device of a homemade disc grinder.