Why Japan, like her culture, has always been for Europeans the country of mysterious and mounted, which deserves close attention. The space of the inhabitants of the islands is quite limited, and for many years they have adapted to plan the dwelling device in a special way.

They learned to economically and clearly plan, rationally using all available space. What features are Japanese at home, and what distinguishes and characterizes this style unusual to us? The residential Japanese house is called "Minka", that in the translation of the Japanese will literally will be the "House of People". But there is another traditional type of house in the country for conducting ritual actions. It is called Pagoda.

A huge part of the Japanese earlier lived in modest wooden houses. Some of them are perfectly preserved to our time. Of course, for today's inhabitants, they are no longer relevant. Most of them live in small private cottages or in modern multi-storey high-rise buildings.

What did the traditional minink looked out of?

1. The basis of the house, or its backbone, was made of wood.
2. The walls were bamboo outside and treated.
3. Instead of walls inside the building, special sliding shots were used.
4. Mats Tatami and Musiro mats used for manufacture.

Depending on the region, the design of the buildings could change, something was improved over time.

But the main thing remained unchanged - it was inexpensive and the most simple housing, able to protect the family from bad weather.

Robes, merchants and wealthy peasants, could use more expensive materials - burned tile, high-quality tree, durable stone.

Today, the Japanese Minca is, rather, a tradition that is very interested in many visitors.

Features of the traditional Japanese house

Signs of traditional Japanese dwellings

Minimalism - One of the main signs of the house, in which everything is absolutely thought out, functionally and rationally.

• There is nothing superfluous, the conciseness is valued and simplicity.
• Here, by definition, chaos, mess, cluster of unnecessary things is impossible.
• You will not find in such a dwelling or a chungy, littered by unwitted clothes, broken technician, skiing and old bikes.
• Minimalism is present in everything, both in the device of the house outside and in the latter corner inside.

Functionality

• In a typical Japanese house, the non-disabilities cannot be by definition.
• Each tiny area of \u200b\u200bthe square is carefully thought out.
• In this country, most dwellings are traditionally small, so homeowners have to make all the available square meters available as possible.
• Only necessary home appliances, functional: All things and items are trying to remove, close, so that nothing in sight does not interfere and did not disturb the overall dwelling style.

Furniture minimum

Doors-shirma

• In Japanese, the dwelling is not so often you can see our traditional.
• Usually in such houses use shirms, sliding doors and lungs.
• The basic principles that are trying to adhere to the islanders are convenience and comfort, careful attitude towards space and as much as possible noise.

No strong walls

• A typical house made in Japanese style does not have solid and strong.
• It is compact and rather light.
• Its walls are thin and have a small one.
• A typical country house is usually a simple quadrangle.
• Special mobile partitions play the role of the inner walls. They can be changed by places on their own request, drawing up a dwelling in different ways.
• The Japanese use quality plastic or matte tempered glass as internal partitions.
• In antiquity, special shirms were made from treated rice paper, which was then deactivated with bizarre patterns.
• It is the lack of solid stationary partitions inside the house makes such a dwelling dynamic and mobile, and its interior is alive and changing.
• The design of the room can always be changed by mood, by the number of inhabitants or season.
• You can beat residential space, making rooms less or more size.

House-transformer and other quirks

• The Japanese house is a kind of transformer that its inhabitants are easily adjusted to their own needs.
• The roofs of Japanese houses are traditionally very small tilt. Thanks to this, the structure looks wide and rather squat.
• All internal space of such a dwelling is maximally open. It is unlikely that you will find there a lot of small rooms, surcharges and tiny storage rooms. Even in a small house there is always a lot of free space.
• Japanese-style houses are usually decorated with paintings. It can be a blooming twig of a Japanese cherry in an exquisite dark frame that should have a rectangular shape. Local design does not welcome catchy and frightened salary with various curls.

Famous Feng Shui

• For decoration in the Japanese housing, a hairdryer is usually used symbolism, including various amulets and exquisite figurines.
• But the entire decor is used in a small amount - the local design is intolerable to excesses.
• There must be live plants in the house, it applies to a wooden one-story building.
• It can elegant bonsai in emphasized simple, but sophisticated pots. Often in the dwelling here you can see a miniature plum or pine, distinguished from the present only.

Niche and partitions

• The familiar feature of Japanese houses is a small wall niches.
• Traditionally, they are carefully selected, not falling out of the overall style objects and trivia.
• Very often, the original stained glass glass is used to decorate various items and partitions.

Textiles and light

• Textiles in the Japanese interior is used by the minimum.
• Fissure curtains often replace comfortable bamboo blinds.
• Dear beds and carpets you also rarely meet here.
• Stylish comfortable mats were completely replaced, the beds covered with a dense cloth of calm tones without bright drawings.
• The islanders do not like the Dead White Light of Modern Lamps: They can use it in the service or in the office.
• For home comfort, they prefer soft, warm, warming tones.

For warming comfort, special Akari lamps have been created. Perhaps such a device can be found in every country Japanese private house.

Materials for houses for Japanese technology

Local residents prefer natural natural materials such as the construction of the structures themselves and for their finishing.

What materials the Japanese love more than others?

Wood

A rock

• The stone is also often used to build housing.
• In the country of the rising sun, a peculiar philosophy of stone is very popular. According to it, minerals are the highest creations of omnipotent nature.
• Stone hard, miserable, silent and independent.

The stone is actually invulnerable, and has many other qualities, non-licking person. Therefore, it is actively used for finishing from the outside of the house, and in internal design.

Own stone house outside the city, with wooden elements - the dream of any local resident.

Other materials

Other materials are also actively in the architecture and design of traditional houses:

• rattan,
• sisal,
• jute,
• straw and so on.

Their materials make mats, mats, window curtains and other textiles. Such products are much nicer than heavy dust curtains. Dust does not accumulate in Japanese counterparts, they are perfectly cleaned and wash off the most simple means.

Japanese finish at home: Colors used

What combinations of colors are more characteristic of finishing inside and outside traditional Japanese housing?

• The fundamental principle when choosing a color is its naturality.
• The main thing in the interior here is natural shades.
• It is unlikely that you will meet here avant-garde acid or neon tones, screaming color combinations.
• The traditional Japanese interior in the usual style is inclined more to calm and classic color combinations.
• The colors of natural materials are very relevant - sand, wood, stone and so on.

The environment of natural colors contributes to relaxation, soothes and pacifies.

Frequently applied black color. Often, very dark shades of different colors are used in design: gray, brown, red.

Not alien to the inhabitants of the islands and gentle pastel colors - dairy-white, beige, cream. Often used soft reddish-brown. The housing design is great, in which the colors are combined exquisitely and contrast. There are also an outdoor part of the house, and.

The basis of individual residential construction in Japan is the principles of minimalism (almost asceticism), proximity to nature. They are unchanged for many centuries, in contrast to the technology of construction of houses. The traditional solutions make adjustments to modern technologies and living conditions.

Traditional Japanese house

The traditional Japanese house (MINICA) on the territory of the current Japan is represented by several museums. However, these buildings, although they went into the past in fact, are an integral part of the architecture and culture of this country.

Excursion to the history of Japanese houses

Traditional houses are simple single or two-storey frameworks of wood, paper, straw, clay, bamboo. The higher the status of a resident of the country, the more expensive materials were used, the brighter the facade was decorated. It is elements of rich houses and temples that make a Japanese style in the architecture recognizable.

The technology of frame construction has long been applied in seismic Japan. The buildings erected on it were highly resistant, gave a chance to survive when collapsed, they could be quickly restored.

On the architectural features Japanese sander influenced the climatic conditions of the country. On most Islands of the Japanese archipelago, winter is pretty soft. Along with the idea of \u200b\u200bproximity to nature, it determined the design of the walls.

In traditional Japanese houses there was only one deaf wall, where the space between the supports was filled with grass, the clay was embarrassed. The rest were sliding or removable panels made of light wooden frame, covered with rice paper. The framework did not suffer from their removal, the integrity of the structure was not disturbed. At the same time, the house was well lit by the Sun, the border was erased between him and nature.

Constructive features of houses

Japanese sander, which built decades and century ago, was very different from modern homes. The following features were characterized for them:

• The housekeeper is a system of supports and beams connected without nails. Instead, we used the complex live technology of BRUSEV, logs.
• The center of the building is steady than the underground pushem.
• The roof is two- or four-tight. Performs outdoor walls at a distance of one meter. It protects the facade from the effects of precipitation and sunlight.
• Raised by half meter from the ground floor level. It was done in order to ensure the ventilation of the lower tier of the structure, keep warm in the cold season. For the Japanese, sleeping on the mattress instead of a regular bed, it is important.

Traditional Japanese houses were much ahead of their time. The basic ideas of their construction are based on modern framework technologies. One of them is naturally wearing the name "Japanese".

Interior of a traditional house

In traditional houses, Japan did not have a clear separation on the rooms. The maximum free, open space could be transformed as desired with the help of Easy Shirm Fusum. So, a large room, where the day took guests, in the evening with the help of shirm was divided into a bedroom and an office.

With such a mobility, it was not a question of the overall, heavy furniture. Instead of cabinets for storing clothes and household goods, used:

• niche disguised all the same shirms;
• baskets;
• chests;
• wicker boxes;
• low cabinets with drawers.

Space site served mattress futonAnd the floors stood with tough straw mats - tatami.

Dining room, kitchen, economic premises equipped in close proximity to a large clay oven.

Finishing materials served: dense white paper, wooden boards, plaster. The twilight of the rooms slightly diluted the lamp in a paper lamp, which is called Okyandon.

Modern Japanese house

Modern Japanese houses in the individual housing sector also erected on framework technologies. However, their appearance affects fashion trends and the use of the latest facade materials.

Japanese frame construction

The modern Japanese house almost always looks like European. But you can recognize it on a laconic, smooth surface of the outer walls; abundant glass transmitting light; clear geometric forms.

The characteristic idea of \u200b\u200bproximity to nature is embodied in the form of terraces and balconies with a glass parapet.

The construction of modern framework houses in Japan includes the following features:

• The foundation is a monolithic "insulated Swedish plate", which is generally a "pie" from the insulation and the layer of concrete on it.
• Paul, as in the traditional house, raised above the ground. Only now they do, by mounting on the foundation plate concrete "ribs" with a height of 50 cm.
• The outer walls are insulated by sprayed polyurethane foam.
• Centralized heating on the warmest islands, as in traditional buildings, is absent. It is replaced by infrared panels, electric and gas heaters.

Beautiful Japanese style house today is a unique intricatement of traditions and results of scientific and technological progress.

Evolution of the interior - what has changed

In the last 30-40 years, the lifestyle of the Japanese has changed. The interior of residential buildings has changed. It became more European. Concerning:

• The area of \u200b\u200bpremises for household needs has decreased.
• Rooms have become a personal space with a clearly defined functional purpose.
• There is high furniture on the legs.
• The rooms were divided into "Western" (in the center of the house) and the "Japanese" (in the depths of the structure), where the interior is kept strictly in the traditional style.
• Tatami is replaced with modern flooring, as they cannot withstand the load from furniture on the legs.
• Dark wood in the interior is inferior to light, and plaster - wallpaper with a similar texture.
The principle of minimalism, environmental friendliness and proximity to nature.

Build a residential building or arrange its classic Japanese style rooms, if you were born in Japan and you are not alien to the culture of this country. Otherwise, stylize the maximum open space with the help of accent details - from the decor to furniture.

Video: Traditional Japanese house

From a long time, a Japanese style is characterized by its simplicity, minimalism, incredible harmony and refinement. These elegant wood buildings have an open layout, spacious rooms and light-pitched paper or bamboo partitions. For the Japanese, always the main condition was approaching nature, the ability to observe natural processes and magic landscapes, which helps them to gain peace and harmony.

Japanese House

The traditional Japanese house is based on a wooden frame and covers the pitched roof. A terrace with a decidant from a tree is equipped at the entrance, it is divided into two parts - one of them is under a canopy, and the other outdoor.

In the modern conditions, such exclusively wooden houses are impractical and short-lived, so the construction of the European dwelling contains the decoration of individual elements according to Japanese style. For example, finishing materials are used in a certain color of the eastern style, a miniature garden of stones is equipped or installed light sliding doors in the house. Small terraces are decorated with dwarf pines, bamboo or other rectorant plants.

Japanese garden

That is why the main element of the Japanese housing is the landscape. The Japanese convinced followers of their ancient philosophy and therefore attach great importance to water and stones. Their at home is distinguished by the presence of a small pond, a mini-waterfall or fountain on its territory, because according to believing the water cleans the house from evil. There is also a common concept for the arrangement of the Garden-Park Zone in Japanese-style - "Garden of Stones". This is the use of large and untreated stones of different breeds, structures and colors in the arrangement of parks and yards.

Japanese gate in the garden must be made of wood. Light and lattice, according to philosophy, misses not only sunlight, but also the power of nature, the light energy of plants and air.

In order for the garden to be as much as possible to Japanese, you can use a bamboo as a material from which an elevation will be made. This material is not only distinguished by its characteristics of strength and durability, but also ensure the style of all yard and garden.

For the arrangement of the recreation area, attention should be paid to Japanese gazebos, which make it very nice to spend time behind tea drinking or observation of nature. Around them usually build a mini-garden with tracks and bonsis.

The tracks are also an integral part of Japanese landscape design. Create them in two ways:

• russery of small gravel or other natural stones;
• concrete slabs (longer and practical), diluted spaces with soil, sand or gravel.

Japanese interior

First of all, it should be remembered that Japanese - open bright spaces and minimalism. The "litterness" of the rooms disperses the attention of the living and distracts it from concentration on important thoughts.

The most important thing is, as mentioned earlier - the lungs, sliding doors-partitions made in the corresponding color spectrum. Such doors can lead to the terrace and open a beautiful view of nature or create different areas indoors, serving partitions.

The floor is best to loose with a mat or coating that imitates the straw mats. Accents in the interior can be from bright pillows, carpet, or paintings.

To give a room Japanese style to choose correctly and furniture - it should be lightweight, wooden. You can also use small tables or Japanese curtains.

It is important to remember that the Japanese style is aimed at emphasizing the beauty and refinement of decor elements, it is used in it natural materials for decoration, predominantly dairy, white and beige shades with a contrast of black or dark brown.

Japanese style is not only restraint and simplicity of forms, but also inseparable communication with the surrounding nature.

At all times, there was a fashion for the dwellings built in an unusual style. But Japanese houses are very different from the imitation options for Dutch, Italian or French architecture. Western projects are always aimed at the incarnation of practicality and all modern amenities. The Japanese houses are a business card, the continuation of the traditions of the family and the worldviews of an ancient culture.

We plan to project

Even a person far from Eastern culture, once looking at the Japanese dwelling, will confirm that it is very beautiful and unusual. Why not build yourself such a house? When planning, you only need to consider several nuances.

Building should have classic elements and features characteristic of Japanese architecture. The purchase space is necessarily drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the Eastern Tradition and Style. Landscape and surrounding vegetation are a continuation of the dwelling.

Also, projects of Japanese houses suggest the presence of special walls, roofs and gender. Of course, it will be difficult for all the architectural canons of the country of the rising sun, especially if superficially familiar with its culture. Therefore, it may make sense to refer to specialists who will help develop the right project.

In fact, real Japanese houses are difficult to recreate due to the huge number of nuances and details. Therefore, when building a home it is worth copying the elements themselves, but the design style. And most likely, you will have to remake something on the Western way under your needs.

Features planning

Along the tracks and the entrance to the house you can plant decorative trees, shrubs of an unusual shape, a pine tree of Tunberg. The landscape also will greatly decorate the fancy garden of stones and a small pond with a waterfall.

On the perimeter of the territory there is a high fence with a gate, which is most often made of thin steel tubes and closed tight by shrubs. Budget versions of eastern houses are simply applied to a large stone wall.

The layout of the real Japanese house is a whole art that is familiar with the years. And in some cases it makes sense to copy only individual elements of the eastern housing.