Of all the existing designs, the fuel staircases from concrete are perhaps the most durable and reliable. They have a lot of advantages - are not subject to corrosion and external influences, economical at the price, as well as simple in the calculation and installation.

Make such a system with your own hands is possible even a newcomer if you follow certain rules and follow the instructions below for calculating and installing, illustrated photos and videos.

Concrete Staircase - Design Features

The concrete staircase of the filler type has some constructive features that need to know and take into account if you decide to build such a design in your house with your own hands.

• First, the filler stairs are made on the basis of a predetermined metal frame and reinforcement - in such a way, if you decide to personally make a concrete system, you should, to all of the time, also have skills to work with the welding machine.
• Secondly, you need to know how to make a concrete mix in strictly defined proportions - the strength of the structure, its durability and functional characteristics depends on it.
• Thirdly, think about what exterior decoration (trim) you will use - it may be a brick, natural stone, wood and other materials. In addition, take care of the reliable fencing of the filling concrete system.

Calculation of the Bay concrete ladder

To get a functional and practical staircase from concrete, before proceeding directly to its manufacture with your own hands, it is necessary to correctly calculate it.

The instruction on the calculation of concrete structure consists of such main stages:

• Determine the height of the structure.
• Select the angle of inclination.
• Calculate the length of the staircase march.
• We produce calculations of the number of steps.
• We make a sketch of measurements and calculations.

Calculate the height of the stairs

The height of the concrete structure is determined by the experimental way: Measure a roulette distance from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second floor (it is the first level ceiling). Record the result.

Tilt angle

The most optimal angle of inclination of the stairs is the generally accepted indicator from 30 to 45 degrees. If older people live in the house or small children, then the most comfortable slope will be the corner in the range from 30⁰ to 35⁰. In any case, you should not make the staircase cooler than at an angle of 45 degrees, otherwise it will be insecable will walk.

We define the length of Marsha

In the photo below, a method is clearly represented how to determine the length of the staircase march (Cut AB) using trigonometry laws: This segment will be equal to the amount of AC and CD segments erected in the square:

Calculate the number of steps

The number of steps determine, based on the standard generally accepted width values \u200b\u200band the height of the sticky:

• width - from 25 to 39 cm;
• comfortable height - 18 cm.

The number of steps can be determined very simple: divide the length of the stairs to the height of the step. For example, the length of the structure is 350 cm, the height of the step is 18 cm, then:

350: 18 \u003d 19 steps.

Making drawing

According to the calculations, now we can draw a sketch of the future construct from concrete. In this picture, you should specify all the measurements and the main dimensions of the filling staircase.

Based on the measurements and calculations made, draw the sketch of your concrete construction.

Installation instructions

Now we can proceed directly to the installation of the bay system from concrete. In order to make the stairs with their own hands, it is necessary to follow such a step-by-step instruction:

• We collect formwork.
• Install the reinforcement frame.
• Fill the concrete mix into a formwork.
• We are waiting for drying and produce finishing work.

Before starting work, determine its main stages and clearly follow them

Collect the formwork

Installation of the bottomwork bottoms can be carried out with the help of a plywood sheet. It is better to do this frame from waterproof plywood with a thickness of at least 15 mm.

After the bottom it is installed, from the boards and the same plywood you need to make the pallet side, attaching them with self-draws.

Installing fittings

When the pallet is ready, it is necessary to install the reinforcement frame. For this, a corrugated rod with a diameter of about 12 mm is used, the knitting of which is carried out by metal wire and crochet.

The frame is made double - 2 crates with a cell 200 × 200 or 200 × 150 mm are connected to each other on the sides and grabbing after 50-60 cm in the center.

Fill concrete

At this stage of installation, with their own hands, a concrete mixture is poured into the formwork, which can be made, based on the video below.

Start the fill is necessary from the lower steps, because The solution will crawl down from top to bottom. On the steps should be shovel, so that there are no emptiness in the monolith.

The steps must be to block the trowel, so that when frozen the surface was smooth.

Finishing work

After the mixture fully solidifies (it will take at least a few days), you can start working on the ladder finish. You can make it brick, separate with wood or stone.

Video: how to make a ladder from concrete with your own hands

The video below shows the process of manufacturing a concrete staircase with their own hands.

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Modern private houses with a rare exception are built in two or three floors. Accordingly, the private house is equipped with two or three staircases - the inlet staircase and one or two inter-storey structures.

The best, simple, inexpensive and at the same time a durable option is a staircase made of concrete, which can be made on your own without the involvement of expensive wage.

Stages of construction

In general, work on the construction of a concrete ladder consists of the following main stages:

• Determination of the type of stairs: Single-hour, two marching, screw.
• Design calculation: quantity and dimensions of steps, width and length of the structure.
• Production and assembly of formwork.
• Installation of reinforcement belt.
• Pouring concrete.
• Dismantling formwork.
• The decoration of the ladder from concrete with wood, artistic forging, ceramic tiles, mosaic or other available materials.

Two Marsh and Screw Staircase from Concrete is a fairly complicated project in realization. The spans of two march stairs are built at an angle of 90 degrees, with an intermediate platform, run-down steps and other features.

The spiral staircase requires a complex special calculation of the spiral line and the subsequent manufacture and proper installation of the curvilinear formwork. Therefore, the construction of stairs of these types is better to trust experienced professional builders. Within the framework of this article, the option will be considered - the single-meadow staircase from concrete to the second floor, which can be made with your own hands without having experience and special education.

Calculation of the design of one-time staircase made of concrete

The angle of inclination of the march and the dimensions of the steps should be determined in each case depending on the size of the room. Standard, frequently used tilt angles: 25, 35 and 45 degrees. The most preferred option is the angle of inclination of the march - 45 degrees. In this case, the staircase in the house from concrete is not only safe and convenient for lifting, but also optimal on the cost of building materials.

Having determined the height and angle of inclination of the march, determine the height and width of the steps. Optimum option: The height of the riser is 160-200 mm, the width of the nuts 270-300 mm. The march width is also accepted individually in each case.

If the staircase is located between the two walls, the design width is taken distance between the walls. If the march on one side adjoins the wall, and the other side "hangs" in the air, the minimum width of the structure is 800-900 millimeters.

It is highly desirable to create a drawing or sketch of the future staircase, for the correct calculation and installation of layout parts.

Important moment! Taking one or another height of the stage, do not forget about the possible finish, the thickness of which can significantly change this size. For example, the decoration by wood will raise the height of the step at least 20-25 millimeters.

Formwork for ladder from concrete

The assembly and installation is a very important stage of construction, on which the durability of the staircase depends. Even a small lack and hope of Russian "Avos" can lead to the destruction of the formwork during the fill or hardening concrete with all the ensuing consequences. In general, the following materials will be required to assemble the formwork:

• Waterproof plywood with a thickness of 12-18 millimeters, or a edged planed board with a thickness of 25-30 millimeters per shields for the formation of opponse, side and lower part of the structure.
• Bar 100x100 millimeters to touch the lower shields (bottom) formwork and compounds of plywood sheets or boards.
• Steel corner and tapping screws with a diameter of 3.5-4.5 mm for assembling shields.

Formwork surfaces facing concrete should be perfectly smooth. You can get the desired result in several ways: grinding, upholstery with polyethylene film or using laminated plywood.

In general, the formwork assembly technology consists of the following steps:

• Installation of the bottom made from shields collected from sheets of plywood or boards. A combined option is possible: plywood + boards. The lower part is placed at the estimated angle of inclination on the retaining bars. The step and number of bars coincides with the step and number of steps. The fastening of the formwork elements is performed using selflessness, and not traditional nails. After soaring the concrete, disassemble the formwork, assembled on self-drawing will be much easier than the design collected on nails.
• The next step is to install the side part (in case one side of the staircase adjoins the wall) or two parts, if one side of the staircase is "hanging in the air". Side parts are assembled from plywood or boards, and from the outside reinforce the belt from the bar.
• Formation of risers. In accordance with the calculated quantity and dimensions of the risers, they are formed by boards or plywood fixed to the side parts or wall using steel corners.
• Walking step. In order for the staircase of the filler from concrete to separate with one or another material, all the joints facing concrete should be carefully cleaned and smoothed with a corner-glare machine and grinding with cement-sandy solution. The formwork is ready to install the reinforcing belt.

Installing and knitting reinforcing belt

So that the staircase from concrete in the private house was durable and durable, its design should be strengthened. In this case, the monolithic durable concrete is obtained, which will serve as much as the building is just like.

The span in several steps can be strengthened with a mesh from the reinforcement with a diameter of 10-12 millimeters laid along the bottom of the formwork at a height of at least 20-30 mm from the formwork surface to be converted to concrete.

To exhibit a gap of 20-30 mm use pieces of bricks or special plastic coasters. The longitudinal and transverse rods step takes such a cell 50x50 millimeters. The reinforcement is associated with a single soft steel or copper "knitting" wire with a diameter of 0.7 to 1 millimeter.

For the reinforcement of large-scale stairs, several longitudinal and vertical reinforcing grids are used, which are necessary to attach to the wall in one way or another. For example, with the help of twisted holes in which the pins of the corresponding diameter are dripped.

Pouring stairs made of concrete

For filling the design, heavy concrete M200 brand is used. Concrete prepare either independently according to the following recipe - 1 kg of cement CEM I 32.5N PC (M400), 2.8 kg of sainted washed career sand, 4.4 kg of granite rubble with particle fractions at least 10-20 mm, 10 milliliters of liquid soap (Plasticizer), water 0.7 liters, or place an order for ready-made material, contacting the nearest concrete plant. The first option has twice as smaller cost, and the second option is better quality components and more prompt construction time. Stages of fill:

• Fill the formwork concrete starts with lower steps. Initially, 2-3 steps are filled, after which the concrete tram is a uniform pinch of a piece of reinforcement throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe flooded design.
• With the help of a trowel and a spatula, they give steps the final kind - they burn the plane of coming, achieving horizontality.
• Poured the entire design, after which it produces a rambling and burning projected as in the previous case.
• The resulting structure is thoroughly covered with a plastic film by 5-7 days. In the hot time, the film is wetted several times a day with water.

Dismantling formwork

With this stage of construction, it is not worth a hurry. After 5-7 days, side panels and formwork of risers are carefully removed. If concrete is still very wet and "alive", dismantling work should be stopped and waited for a few more days.

The best option is to wait from 20 to 28 days (if the surrounding air temperature is located, within 20 to 25 degrees Celsius and above). This is the estimated period of time for which concrete is gaining 70-80% of the vintage strength.

Concrete stairs

immediately after removing the formwork, all the surfaces of the stairs are carefully cleaned with corner grinders, equipped with a corresponding tool: BaumesSer Beton diamond cutters, diamond discs for Long concrete grinding, a diamond disk for grinding Bosch concrete and another similar tool.

Next, it all depends on the imagination and personal preferences of the developer. To finish the surface of the stairs, you can use: a tree of valuable breeds, porcelain stoneware, ceramic floor tiles, or natural stone. Side surface and bottom can be simply plastered and covered with water-free paint.

The readers of the article may be interested in the question of how the entrance staircase in the house from concrete is erected. Street staircase from concrete is calculated and built , almost analogous to the stairs to the second floor inside the house. The difference of technology is the absence of the lower sign of the span and the need to build the foundation, the depth of the corresponding depth of the foundation of the house.

Now, knowing how to make a staircase from concrete with your own hands, you can make her calculation, purchase the necessary building materials and build this construction without attracting expertly experts.

The concrete staircase can not only carry out its direct functional duties, but also become an excellent design solution for your home.

The presence of a staircase in the house may not only be functionally, but also stylish, because by itself it is an excellent element of the decor. But the staircase made with her own hands, gives a reason to boast the owner of the dwelling with his skills and will be the subject of pride at home. In addition, it should be noted that its independent installation requires not much effort as it may seem at first glance.

How to make a concrete staircase

The concrete staircase is one of the most reliable and more durable design, in contrast to its wooden brothers.

Varieties of concrete stairs

Concrete stairs are divided into two types:

1. Monolithic. This type of concrete stairs is installed in almost all places, for example, in basements, on the streets or for the porch.

2. Combined. The same type of concrete ladders implies a complex design of metal, which simultaneously serves as a frame for fastening the steps from concrete. The paws themselves occur with the help of a formwork with the reinforcing grid. For the manufacture of directly the steps themselves, concrete is used, crushed stone from granite and marble crumb. After the concrete mix dry, it should be polished.

How to correctly produce calculated measurements

To facilitate the work, you can use your own sketch of the future staircase, which in the future it can also come in handy. Like any repair work, this process should also be divided into steps:

1. Calculation of formwork.Initially, the position of the staircase should be determined - it can be located on the ground, adjoin the wall, connect the two opposite walls, etc. After all, it is precisely from these moments that further calculation and the construction of the staircase, and the formwork as a whole depends.

2. When calculating the stairs, the number and size of its steps is taken into account. The recommended height of the step should be from 16 to 20cm, and the width is more than 27 cm. If you end up more than 14 steps, it is recommended to make two spans.

Also, the tenants should also be taken into account, as older people are hard to ride on high steps, and young children run around the house may not successfully stumble and put injuries.

3. When designing the stairs, it should be borne in mind that its angle should vary from 25 to 45 degrees, because the higher the angle of inclination, the harder the rise in such a staircase.

4. The width of the staircase should not exceed 80-90 cm. Although if the concrete staircase is part of the interior of the private house or the country area, the width is chosen on the taste of the host.

5. When choosing materials for the construction of the formwork, it is required to take into account the entire weight of the design: 1kv. Concrete meter with a thickness of 20 cm on average weighs about 500kg. And the weight of the whole march with the drop (height is 2.5 meters, length 4 m) of 1 m wide approximately 2,5 tons.

6. To prepare the solution of concrete, you will need: 0 Cement PC-400 (1l), sand (2l), crushed stone (4l), water (0.6l), plasticizer (C-3) (10ml).

7. To obtain a high-quality concrete solution, it is better to use a concrete mixer for sealing a special electric vibrator. After all, the strength of the support depends on the quality of the solution produced.

8. The flooded surface is covered with a polyethylene film, in order to prevent drying. The formwork is removed no earlier than after 3-4 weeks, while the concrete is at least 80%.

It is important to remember that when calculating all the source data, it is necessary to take into account, such a factor as the thickness of the floor covering and the floor itself.

The design of the formwork is the very first stage of the preparation of the concrete staircase. For its correct assembly, it will initially require certain materials: waterproof plywood (approximately 20 mm in the context), a construction bar (cross-section of 100x100ml).

For formwork, designed for monolithic concrete staircase, the following materials are needed:

Segment of the bar, which will fasten the formwork elements with each other and walls;

Also, for the compound of steps, which will be an obstacle to the stretching of sheets when pouring a concrete solution;

Formwork elements along with running steps. In the event that the length of the foot 1m then the board must be a thickness of at least 30mm, and the length of 1.2 m requires a thickness of at least 40mm.

Facial formwork. It can have a form of plywood sheets, and a template with pre-harvested sizes can be used. The boards used for this formwork are selected in the size of about 30 mm.

I would like to pay attention to that formwork elements are often fixed using wood screws (diameter 3.5), as they are easier extracted than nails when dismantling work.

Applied technologies in the production of concrete ladder

Such a thing as a formwork serves as the basis for the quality operation of the concrete staircase, and its main criterion - there should be no gaps or gaps in it. For the formwork framework, water-resistant phaneer is used, which prevents the flow of concrete solution. Plywood is used in the complex with boards, which are tightly adjusted to each other.

Before the resulting frame is filled with a solution of concrete, an armature framework is embedded there. All stair march is framed by steel rods, which are firmly connected by cross-links.

To strengthen the front steps of stairs use transverse reinforcement, which prevents them from crumbling and the appearance of cracks in them. Before the direct pouring of concrete, you need to leave wooden tubes or metal plates from metal to which the stairs railing will be attached.

The surface of the flooded solution, while it is not cooled, is leveled with special tools so that it is easier to grind it easier.

It is possible to move around the stairs only after the final drying of the concrete solution.

Facing the stairs is the final stage of all repair work. It is carried out no earlier than in 3-4 weeks under the condition of drying at room temperature. The formwork frame is removed, the mortgages themselves and the surfaces of the steps are processed using the grinding machine.

It is designed to perfect surface alignment. For the facing of the concrete staircase, you can use materials such as ceramic tiles, wood, natural stones or porcelain stonewares.

To date, the modern market of repair materials offers a wide range of stair fences - welded, prefab, aluminum, combined.

Positive sides of concrete stairs

When the layout of the future house is being developed, it must be borne in mind that the concrete staircase is unlike the wooden structures, it is laid immediately in place, it is impossible to transport it. But, despite this, it has a number of indisputable advantages:

1. Operation of such a staircase can be carried out at any repair stages (in whatever form it is not).

2. When designing the design of the ladder, you can make hidden a variety of lockers and a niches, which will significantly save space and help get rid of unnecessary things.

3. Financial costs when building a concrete staircase with their own hands are only in the cost of materials. And the cost in turn depends on the quality of the selected sources. In addition, during independent work, time intervals of work are easily calculated.

4. Concrete, as a material, in itself very much-resistant, also not susceptible to ignition.

5. The concrete staircase serves as an extra support for the entire building.

6. Concrete stairs are very racks to external mechanical damage, which allows them more enhanced to operate.

1. It is important to remember that when concreting the staircase marches, it occurs in one reception and the process itself begin to extend upwards.

2. To avoid "mobility" of the concrete solution, it is recommended to add rubble with a size of 10-20mm.

3. When choosing a brand of concrete for the stairs, it is necessary that it is not lower than B15.

4. Interesting fact: if heavy concrete is not done for 1%, it will decrease by 5-7%. That is why such a nuance, as a seal, can significantly affect the quality of the concrete staircase. For this, the electric vibrator is used.

5. Pouring a cement solution is preceded by the formation of the reinforcement staircase. The main function of it is the strengthening of the internal strength of all structures.

If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.

Concrete is the most common building material from which the stairs are being made today.

Concrete staircase reinforcement scheme.

Ladders made of concrete are distinguished by their durability and durability. This material also allows you to create a variety of architectural models.

It is not surprising that the owners of private houses are increasingly turning to concrete as a material from which you can make a staircase. The creation of concrete stairs has become even greater development due to the fact that concrete ladders can be created with their own hands without resorting to the help of professional builders. About how to make a staircase from concrete and how to make steps from concrete, we and Pogim with you Next.

Characteristics of concrete facilities

Concrete staircases have a number of advantages that allocate them among others built from other materials, stairs. These advantages and attract those who gave their preference to concrete. Concrete structures pluses in everything: in construction technology, in a constructive solution, in physical qualities, etc.

Let's consider these advantages:

The scheme of the concrete staircase on the ground: 1 - concrete, 2 - reinforcement grid, 3 - crushed stone, ground in the ground, 4 - soil, 5 - brick, 6 - sandy layer, 7 - concrete preparation.

1. Concrete stairs are built in the process of building the building itself. This allows you to speed up the construction process, since the steps are used at the construction stage.
2. Such constructions are very durable, which allows us to talk about the long-term perspective of their operation.
3. Steps of concrete structures and other elements are perfectly combined with design ideas. The concrete staircase is possible if desired to turn into a work of art.
4. Building technology, it allows you to make it yourself both steps and all concrete design, without resorting to extraneous professional assistance.
5. The concrete structure under consideration, in addition to its direct destination, also carries the function of the additional frame element, increasing the reliability and strength of the building.

All these advantages allowed concrete ladder structures to gain popularity from both industrial developers and ordinary citizens who increasingly produce their construction with their own hands.

Preparation for construction

As in any case, in the construction of a concrete ladder, first of all, you need to make an action plan. This plan includes all calculated actions, schemes and drawings. Drawing up drawings should be verified and accurate. You do not need to take the building of the Special Commission, however, the life and health of your households depend on the quality of your work.

First of all, you will need to calculate such a parameter as the height of the stage. Usually for this indicator takes a value of 17 cm. Next is the depth of the stage. It should be comfortable for foot. Typically, the size of the size of the shoe is taken for the template. The width of the staircase should also be accurately calculated. This value should include the width of the steps and the width of the railing. Elements such as the staircase, the threshold of the lower and top, the length of the stairs and the angle of the slope are calculated.

The final stage of the construction of the staircase is their own hands is its sweeping and alignment. After stripping, there must be some time before the final shrinkage of concrete occurs, and the staircase can be used according to its direct intended.

You will need the following tools:

1. Concrete pump. This device will be needed to supply concrete.
2. Concrete mixer.
3. Shovels.
4. Templates.
5. Master OK
6. Plaques for formwork.
7. Waterproof formwork plywood.
8. Metal rods for reinforcement.
9. Bundles from thin rods or wire.
10. Hammers and Cyans.
11. Saw.

Construction works

Mounting scheme of concrete staircase.

Building the stairs with their own hands begins with the creation of formwork. It should be durable and tough. Everyone who ever did formwork knows how important this element is. The formwork is manufactured according to the stencils that were made in advance according to the drawings.

For formwork, boards are used that you need to create a frame of a future staircase. This peculiar framework is created for each step. Only the sides of the steps are struck. You need to carefully monitor the mounted boards firmly fit to each other. It is necessary to avoid the appearance of the slots through which the concrete mix can be selected. For a complete guarantee of the tightness of the formwork on the board, another layer of waterproof plywood is applied.

Next, future steps and threshold are strengthened by the reinforcing framework. It is possible to make it with your own hands from steel reinforcement by welding. Such a frame gives an additional threshold of strength and creates the basis for the future concrete coating. Steel fittings stacked along a staircase, at the bottom of the future steps. Playing the rod occurs both along the march and across. In places of their crossing, a connection is connected via wire.

Before concreting, do not forget about the future railing. For them in the formwork, make special holes that fill in wooden plugs. The starting point should be the bottom threshold of the staircase.

After all the preparations are executed, you can move to the main operation. It is the final concreting of the staircase. This operation can be produced both manually and with a concrete pump. The last option is more preferable. First poured the upper threshold, after which the fill continues throughout the staircase from top to bottom.

Pouring should be made only at a positive temperature. Otherwise, heating concrete is produced. Pouring is made at a time for the entire staircase. The starting point is the top threshold of the stairs. After the concrete mixture was enrolled in the formwork, it takes her dumbness, stripping and alignment through a shovel and craftsmen.

After stripping, there must be some time before the final shrinkage of concrete occurs and the staircase can be used according to its direct intended purpose. To accelerate this stage, it is recommended to cover the flooded staircase with a plastic film.

How to make concrete steps: Guide

How to make steps from concrete? As in any case, in the construction of a concrete ladder, first of all, you need to make an action plan.

Country house or cottage usually begins with a porch to which a small ladder leads. How to pour steps with concrete and do it correctly with minimal financial and temporal costs? To obtain a general view, after reading the material, you should see a video that clearly demonstrates the process of formation of the stage. Construction work is performed in several stages.

Concrete Porch Production Technology

Calculate the materials

Rod steel reinforcing for the construction of a concrete porch

The manufacture of the staircase begins with the calculations of the required amount of materials and drawing up drawings. At this stage, the number of stairs of the staircase is determined based on the height of the site from the ground level. According to the requirements of SNiP 21-01-97 and GOST 9818, the difference between the supporting platforms should not exceed 220 mm, and its width should be at least 250 mm. Steps filled with concrete with their own hands have a lot of weight, and to avoid sending them, it is necessary to provide a foundation.

By determining the size of one step and their total quantity, we calculate the volume of the required building materials, such as:

1. cement brand 500;
2. sand of sifted career;
3. rubble small and medium fraction;
4. steel reinforcement rod;
5. lumber: Boards and timber for making formwork.

Taking into account this data, the total construction price is established as the value of the cost in all positions. The attraction of hired specialists will lead to the rise in the rise in the construction of approximately twice.

Filling with a concrete mixture of formwork

Preparation of the site for work

To answer the question "How to fill the steps for your porch" you need to get acquainted with the implementation technology. Starting with the leveling and markup of the site. To carry out land work with their own hands, scum and bayonet shovels will be required, as well as roulette, pegs and cord. When booking a rectangular base, the porch must be checked diagonally.

On the placed area, the soil is sampled to a depth of at least 250-300 mm and a sandy pillow is poured. The layer is aligned and compacted by moisturizing and the rambling with a special device. For the reinforcement of the base of the porch and the strengthening of the steps generated by their own hands is applied steel rod. The design that increases the strength is made with the use of welding or by mating wire and is installed before the filling of the ladder concrete.

The presence of reinforcement increases the reliability of the design

The next step is the manufacture and installation of formwork. High-quality fill with concrete steps, the price of which will be minimal, is possible only when performing all operations personally. The formwork is made from cutting boards with a thickness of 25 mm and more, to connect nails and a timber. The width of the formwork parts should be equal to the height of the steps, and the horizontal of the upper edges should be checked. Boards are installed and held with hands, and then nailed to the frame.

Preparation of cement-sand mix and concreting stairs

Pouring the steps of the porch with their own hands is made by the prepared compositions, which are delivered specially equipped cars. Another embodiment of the porch is the preparation of cement-sand mixtures using concrete mixing or manually in suitable capacity for these purposes. The fill with the concrete steps is carried out from the bottom stage, layerly, with interruptions needed to dry up the composition.

Process manufacturing formwork

Preparation of mixtures with their own hands will reduce the cost of building the porch. The process is performed as follows: the sand is embanked in the trough, in which crushed stone and cement is added. The composition is mixed by hand to the shovel until the homogeneous mass is obtained. Then, the water is added to the mixture with minor portions with constant stirring. Concrete consistency must match the thickness of the sour cream.

How to fill the porch steps and get a solid construction? First of all, it is necessary to correctly select the desired ratio of components.

The method of determining the required number of components of concrete is as follows. A crushed stone is poured into the top level, then water is poured over the edge. The volume of fluid will correspond to the amount of sand and cement to be added to concrete.

When performing work on its own, the question arises - how to pour steps a low porch and make it right. Despite the seeming complexity of this process, it is quite possible to fulfill without attracting specialists, and then - also make an aesthetic finish of the porch and show us.

To obtain primary construction skills and form an understanding of how to concrete the steps of the porch, the video, given in this article, will be quite by the way. Write to us what you have happened as a result, share with us your experience.

Everything is well written and clearly and understandable, only in terms of the preparation of the solution somehow it seems to me complicated. Although it is clear, you will not please on the milestone. So if you knew yourself, it should be carefully familiar with the instructions of the cement manufacturer, usually placed on the back side of the bag, the proportions may vary depending on the cement brand and additives in it. Take for example 1 bag of cement "Master Universal" (CEM II / A-K (W / C) 42.5N, brand 500), then to obtain a concrete of class B 20 we will need 55 liters. Rubble, 90 sand and 30 water, and to obtain concrete class B 25 it is necessary to take 45 liters. Rubble, 80 sand and 25 water. But if you again buy the cement of another brand (for example, a master about CEM I 42,5B, the strength of 500) of the same manufacturer, we will see that it will take 70 liters for receiving concrete of class B 20. Rubble, 110 sand and 30 water, and to obtain concrete class B 25 it is necessary to take 55 liters. Rubble, 90 sand and 25 water. Hence the conclusion, in the production of concrete works, examine the manufacturer's recommendations and get the result that you expect to receive and not overpaying for it. Good all work and excellent results.

Thank you very much for such an extensive and interesting answer. 🙂 Indeed, the cement brands are very different, but here everyone has their own approach - and your very practical 🙂

How to pour steps for a porch made of concrete with your own hands (video)

It is told how to pour steps from concrete on their own. How to properly prepare the surface and prepare the mixture. Step by step guide.

The porch is the most important component of the exterior of the country house. Beautifully performed entrance is a real decoration of the entire structure, a detail that attracts attention and creating a feeling of solidity. In this article, we will look at the most simple and accessible to each method, with the help of which you can build concrete steps for the porch with your own hands.

Benefits of concrete steps for a porch

Concrete solution is just a magnificent material for the construction of steps. A stair construction from such a material reinforced by reinforced by reinforcement is capable of listening to the hosts not one decade without repair (see also the article "Celmary pit from concrete rings in the country area: practical recommendations for independent construction").

The porch of this kind, regardless of whether the ready-made concrete stages for the porch were used when it was created or not, has the following important characteristics:

• No noise. Such steps do not creak, like wooden and do not create the effect of the roast. Monolith absorbs all possible sounds;
• Not afraid of rust, processes of rotting and insects;
• Not afraid of fires and high temperatures;
• May be facing by any finishing material. In this way, you can hide the concrete affiliation and arrange a design, like a wooden one, for example;
• Repair in the presence of any damage on such a product will be cheap;
• The porch created from concrete can be endowed with the unimaginable form and have any necessary size.

Stage Construction Technology For Arrangement of the Porch of the Building

Finished monolithic design

The outer attractiveness of the porch directly depends on the quality of the implementation of all construction work and compliance with the existing construction standards and rules (read also the article "Mosaic concrete for the manufacture of a beautiful floor with marble crumb").

Violation of technology in the construction of even such a seemingly important element of the structure may result in the following defects:

• Formation of cracks on the walls associated with the porch;
• Detecting the finishing decorative layer from the surface of the porch;
• Sewage of the porch relative to the structure itself.

The correction of such defects is complex, and in some cases impossible at all.

Council. Following all standards in the construction process will avoid the cost of the strength and time associated with the dismantling of the reinforced monolithic product and the construction of a new one, which can double such a parameter as the construction price of the concrete porch.

In order to save their own strength and tools, it is important to comply with three basic rules:

• The depth of the foundations of the porch and the house of equal;
• The porch, even what is being built near the house should be with its foundation for a single whole; Council. The connection of the foundations of the house and the porch is carried out by mutual reinforcement.
• Do not save on waterproofing design to avoid spending on regular repair work. With the erection of this element, the structure does not need to be too arrogant and, subject to the lack of experience in the production of such works, you should still use the finished project.

  Materials and tools required in work

  For work on the construction of the porch, the following tools and materials will certainly be useful:

  • Portland cement;
  • Gravel sand mix;
  • Rod reinforcement with a diameter of 6.5 mm;
  • Wire for mating fittings;
  • Perforator with a set of drills on concrete;
  • Special equipment, with which the diamond drilling of the holes in concrete can be carried out;
  • Vibrator for sealing the solution;

  

  • Plaques for formworking;
  • Bruks in formwork racks;
  • Bulgarian - a tool with which the cutting of reinforced concrete diamond circles will be carried out;
  • Concrete mixer;
  • Electric saw for cutting boards and formwork bars;
  • Spades of two types: Soviet and bayonet;
  • Hammer with nails for formworking;
  • Wheelbarrow for moving the solution;
  • Waterproofing material;
  • Tool for mating reinforcement wire.

  

  Tool for mating reinforcing corset

  

  Before starting work, the territory for the arrangement of the porch must be prepared:

  • The construction site must be cleared;
  • It should be marked under the foundation of the porch;
  • Drove to the basement under the foundation;
  • Installation of a wooden formwork for filling the foundation;
  • Installation of reinforcement under the porch;

  Council. To implement the method of mutual reinforcement, drill in the foundation of the house of the hole under the reinforcement.

  • The prepared trench is falling asleep by concrete solution;

  Council. The solution is prepared from portland cement and a sandy-gravel mixture in a 1/4 ratio. Water is added to the solution until the mass of the consistency of the liquid porridge is obtained.

  • With a vibrator for concrete, a conclusion design;

  

  Filling the foundation under the porch

  • The flooded foundation is covered with burlap and let it be frozen for 3 days;
  • We remove the formwork and drag the concrete rubroaloid or cover the molten tar.

  Formworking for steps

  After the foundation is ready, it's time to think about the construction of the most concrete porch steps.

  Instructions for arranging the porch is to implement the following actions:

• To begin with, it should be dealt with the existing drawing. If there is no drawing, you should calculate the number of steps depending on the height of the porch; advice. The height of each stage should not be more than 20 cm, and the width is not more than 30 cm. The width should be 20-30 cm to perform on each side of the inlet door.
• Next, we make installation of a wooden formwork according to the drawing or made at the previous stage of calculations;
• The formwork for the fill of the concrete monolithic porch should be a hermetic product, therefore the bottom of it is weathered by an additional layer of rubberoid;

  

  In the photo - a formwork covered with rubberoid

• In order to save on the amount of solution in the formwork at an angle from the wall of the building, gravel or sandy-gravel mixture is poured;
• We produce fitting fittings. Unforgettable the ends of the reinforcement rods insert into the holes made at the preparatory stage in the foundation of the structure; the Council. If the construction of the railil is assumed, then at this stage, reinforcement should be made in such a way that the rods of rods rise above the level of steps by 4-5 cm.
• The created design is poured by concrete and with the help of a vibrator trambum solution to eliminate the formation of voids in a monolithic structure;

  

  Solid

• We leave the design to stick for 3 days, after which the formwork is removed.Decorative finish of the porch steps

  

  Registration of the porch by facing

  For decoration, a concrete tile for steps of a porch, a decorative or natural stone, or a ceramic tile can be used. Side walls can be decorated with brick help, siding for the foundation and other facade eliminating materials suitable for designing the structure.

  

  One of the design options

  Concrete steps for the porch are a beautiful, durable product, which, with due finis, may not be a year to please the owners of the structure with its convenience and external attractiveness (read also the article "Shlakobeton - everything you need to know about this form of materials").

  It is absolutely easy to build such a design, but in order for the final structure to be durable, it should be taken in advance not only about the use of high-quality materials, but on the observance of construction norms.

  It is even more to learn about what the concrete steps will allow you to view the video in this article.

  How to make steps for the porch made of concrete in the country do it yourself

  
  How to make steps for a porch made of concrete in the country. With your own hands, the porch is the most important component of the exterior of the country house. Beautifully completed entry - this is the present

How to fill the steps of the porch of monolithic concrete

The monolithic concrete porch is one of the most durable solutions for the country house. A wooden porch in a couple of years will begin to creak and requires repair even with constant care, the brickwork also starts to collapse over time.

The most durable option is a concrete base of the porch, which can then be separated by a porcelain stoneware, clinker or natural stone on its own taste. Knowing how to correctly pour the steps of the porch, you can provide him with great strength for many years.

Why it is worth choosing a concrete porch

Steps for the porch do it yourself from concrete bye to make any homeowner. For construction, special skills, tools or equipment are required; All you need is to prepare a concrete solution and build a formwork. This is just one of the many advantages on which it is worth choosing a concrete porch:

• Diversity design. The concrete porch can have almost any form: it is not only a classic square or rectangle, but also a semicircle, he selected, a polyhedron, etc., can have a different number of steps, it will be easy to build a durable porch even for a house with a highly located door. You can choose a wide variety of facing materials to give it a non-standard appearance.
• High strength. The frozen concrete is able to save all its characteristics for many years, especially if you take care of his facing. It is able to withstand greater humidity, temperature fluctuations and other weather whims.
• No noise. Unlike wooden, concrete steps will never begin to creak and fade. In addition, they will remain completely even, especially if you take care of a solid cladding of ceramic tiles or natural stone.

Preparatory work: Design and necessary calculations

How to make concrete steps for a porch? First of all, it is necessary to calculate the number and location of future steps, the cost of material and the installation of the formwork.

The width width should be at least 15 cm larger than the width of the front door, the length of the ordinary stage is one and a half meters. This will be enough so that the descent and rising person can safely diverged on the porch.

If the construction of a large platform in front of the house is assumed, steps can be made more wide. If small children or people with disabilities are living in the house, you should think in advance to the location of the ramp.

The height of the stage on average is 16-17 cm, and the width of the sticking should be at least 26-30 cm so that it was convenient to put the leg. The inclination of the porch should not exceed 45 degrees, otherwise it will be difficult to raise, especially elderly people. If the steps are more than three, the project must necessarily provide for the installation of metal railing with handrails and decorative linings.

The height of the porch must correspond to the height of the base part of the house. There should be several centimeters between it and the lower part of the door: during the shrinkage process, the foundation height can decrease a little, and then the door will be difficult to open.

At least 3 centimeters need to be left and if the door is made of wood. Wood has a flare property, while the door can start cling to the porch pad.

Before making steps for a concrete porch, you must prepare the drawings on which all sizes should be indicated. After that, you can move to the preparation of the concrete base and the construction of the porch.

Preparatory work and formwork installation

The ideal solution is to introduce the porch in the house project, then it is built on the same foundation and becomes its full part. However, it is very rare: Usually, the owner is already thinking about the extension of concrete steps, and then it is necessary to solve the issue with the addition of the porch to the main foundation and the base of the house.

How to pour the steps of the porch? Preparatory work begins with clearing the territory and creating a pit for a solid base of the porch. The monolithic structure has a lot of weight, so you need to take care that it has its own foundation with a high bearing capacity.

On the cleared area of \u200b\u200bthe desired size, the upper layer of the soil is removed and the cutting depth is up to 70 cm. It is placed in it with a sandy rammed "pillow", the reinforcement framework, installed formwork.

After that, the new foundation is poured by concrete. As a concrete solution, a mixture of frost-resistant portland cement with sand and gravel, the proportion of cement and sand-gravel mixture is 1: 4.

In the solution, water is gradually added, and after stirring it turns into a liquid homogeneous mass. Drying the solution is given at least three days, only after that you can move directly to the construction of steps.

Installation of formwork and fill steps

On the base, the waterproofing layer from the frontieroid is set, after that formwork is installed.

It can be collected from plywood, in some cases durable boards are used for this.

The formwork is collected according to the drawings: it must rise above the porch by 30 cm.

If the porch is large, roofing roofing panels are nourished to the side sides of the formwork, it is also necessary to ensure their stability after filling the concrete mixture, so they are supplied with side supports.

Tip: The inner side of the formwork should be lubricated to make a concrete solution. This will further remove the formwork in the future, separating it from dried concrete. Its surface will be smooth, it will simplify the work on the facing in the future.

The fill work is carried out in several stages:

1. The side parts of the formwork are installed, after which the boards for filling the steps are attached to them. They are put in such a way that there is a small tilt up to 5 degrees. This will ensure the rapid flow of water, and on the steps it will not be for the winter and fall to form frightened.
2. Reinforcement of steps. With the help of the wire, the reinforcement grid binds, in addition, vertical fittings are installed. The ends of the reinforcement rods must go into the holes drilled in the foundation of the house so that the porch and the foundation are firmly connected to each other.
3. Concrete solution poured. Works are carried out in layers: first the first step is poured, then she needs to give dry and pour the next part. In order not to remain air cavities, the flooded solution is poured with reinforcement or sticks, you can also use a special building vibrator.

The final part of the work is the fill of the upper platform. Concrete is aligned with a slight bias: water on the site should not be stamped.

• The porch needs to be allowed to dry. What it is more, the more time will take this process. In order for the solution to dried evenly, you need to make the top layer with water, otherwise it can crack the sun.

When the concrete is completely dry, the formwork is disassembled, and you can move to the installation of railings and works on decorative facing.

Installation of a railing on a concrete porch

For the classic fence of the concrete porch, forged metal railing is used, they will provide reliable support and safety when moving around the stairs. The railing is necessarily installed on a high porch, but they will be quite relevant on a small porch.

The standard adult height is 90 cm, you can also add additional children's handrails at a height of 40 cm. The width of the handrail is about 7 cm - it is most convenient for human palm.

Metal racks are installed on concrete steps using flanges or other mounting elements, wrought-iron or welded lattices made of metal rods can be used as filling. Such products can be ordered in the finished form in workshops, as it is difficult to work with the metal yourself quite difficult. Metal handrails are welded on the racks, which are closed with plastic linings or plastic.

Decorative cladding of concrete steps

An ordinary concrete is not distinguished by designer diversity, but it can also be bred by one of the common finishing materials. Facing will increase the durability of the porch, as it will close the concrete base of steps from the negative impact of natural forces. In addition, it will allow to give the porch unique designer diversity, and it will be very nice to look.

What is better to separate the porch? You can list several common options:

1. Porcelain tile. Porcelain stoneware is a white clay with the addition of special mineral components.

After firing at high temperatures, it acquires very high strength, so the facing will serve for a very long time. Thanks to the addition of special pigments, the tile may have the most diverse color.

Facing tile is laid first on the top pad of the porch, then on sticking and risers, and then on the sides. For its laying, a tile glue composition is used, which is prepared from dry mixes in the desired proportion. Laying the tiles will allow you to get even and beautiful coating.

You can find out detailed and expanded information on the topic of the article. You can from the book "Wooden Houses", which reflects all the stages of the construction of the house, starting with the foundation laying and ending with the roofing device. Price of book \u003d 77 rubles.

You can also be interested in other books on the construction of houses from wood with your own hands.

Other publications.

In private house-building, the concrete ladder becomes the main type of access to the entrance door with a high base, on the upper floors. Compliance with the requirements for design, manufacturing will ensure safety in the use, strength and durability of the structure.

Monolithic ladders from concrete have a considerable weight. Overlapping and walls carry extra load elements of the staircase to the polymerization of concrete. As a result, the concrete staircase turns into one of the elements of the rigidity of the structure of the structure. The angle of the lift is steeper 45 0 is impractical. 30 0 is accepted as optimal. The rise in the excessive steepness it will be difficult, and the descent from the stairs will become dangerous.

Requirements for the size of steps and coming:

• Depth - 27-30 cm;
• Height - 15-20 cm;
• Width - 1-1.2 m.

Elements of stairs are monolithically with overlaps and adjacent wall in the construction process. The release of reinforcement and mortgage elements from overlappings and carrier wall is planned at the project stage. Street ladders Lower Low on the foundation.

For the two-day stairs, there will have to build an intermediate platform with stationary intermediate supports.

Monolithic ties will strengthen the design of the house

Collection of formwork and reinforcement

The next step construction is the construction of formwork. Concrete stairs need to create a solid frame for fill. The base is made of moisture-resistant plywood with reinforcement by boards to prevent the formwork deflection.

Vertical supports are installed with a support on the shoes to avoid shift. Racks are made of 50-60 mm thick boards. From the side of the wall, the base is resting on metal brackets. Side board is attached to reinforced corners to give the rigidity of the structure.

Before pouring concrete, take care to eliminate the leaks of cement milk and sticking the concrete mix on the formwork. Conjugation and shocks are closed with sealant. The formwork surface is processed by the compositions that prevent sticking.

As one of the means, the formwork coating with a polyethylene film with tension is applied. This will reduce the subsequent finish of the stairs, the cheaper and decrease in the amount of finishing work is laid at the preparatory work phase.

When pouring concrete concrete stairs do not experience serious dynamic loads. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out the formwork assembly on self-drawing. The screed will leave fewer slots between the details, after dismantling the design elements can be used again.

The basis of the strength of the concrete ladder is at least a double reinforcement grid. The steel period and fiberglass Ø 12-14 mm are used. Grid step 100-200 mm. The grille is fastened with knitting wire or tightened by plastic clamps. Vertical rods across the edges will replace the ends of the cross-length of excessive length. The distance between the grids in the range of 5-10 cm will provide sufficient resistance to bending.

Clear sample reinforcement and hardening

Plastic stands under the bottom of the lattice hold the design above the formwork. The walls are deplorable in the wall, which are inserted into the coordinates to prevent the displacement of the reinforced frame. Touch the ends of the formwork fittings is not allowed.

The reinforcement of each march of the stairs is carried out separately, but before the fill, the parts of the metal frame are associated together due to the rehearse, the addition of rods. Special care connects the framework with the release of reinforcement from the slab of the overlap.

Ends the assembly of the formwork of a monolithic staircase Installation in terms of separation risers that determine the depth of the stage. Fastening to the wall and board is carried out with reinforced corners or vertical bars.

We are waiting for concrete

Difficulties with concrete

I refuse to buy ready. We purchase a granite crushed stone fraction 15-30 mm. If the staircase is not planned with different materials, marble crumb is added. Communicably large river sand. Career is not suitable - clay inclusions will reduce strength. Cement brand 400 will arrange.

Proportion of kneading:

• Cement - 1;
• Sand - 1.3;
• Crushed stone - 2.6.

The monolithic staircase will strengthen the fiber fiber from the polypropylene in the concrete mixture. Fibers are uniformly distributed in the solution. Concrete acquires wonderful qualities:

• Shrinkage is not felt;
• Internal stresses are smoothed;
• Hardening of the product;

Adding plasticizers will accelerate concrete. The formwork of the staircase from concrete is filled from below 2-3 steps with gradual approach up. Pre-sealing mass is carried out by plug.

Tamble does not give the result, which we will achieve, applying an electricibrator. Vibration leads to a uniform distribution of gravel filling. Air bubbles in the thickness of concrete, the sinks in the areas adjacent to the formwork will disappear. Manual seal will reduce the strength of the product by 10-12%

Vibration promotes mass sliding along the concrete staircase. Steps are filled without overflow of cement milk under the crop of the formwork of the risk. Filling the cavity signals the transition to the next level. Do not allow insufficient formwork.

Pouring goes without stopping regardless of the volume of work. The deferment for 2 hours will lead to the layer of monolith. The planned strength is lost. The joint is comparable with a crack for the entire depth of the stairs. In the filled steps on the template are installed mortgage elements of the fastening of balasine.

After 1-1.5 hours as the concrete concrete sets down the stairs, the stairs are smoothed by a cooler, a trowel. It is recommended to carry out the masses along the formwork, the dulling of straight corners to avoid chips.

We carry the beauty

Decoration and decoration

Concrete staircase with her own hands built. Waited until under the shelter the staircase will be closed with the necessary strength. Open space for fantasy. Ceramic tile, natural wood and imitates, carpet - available finish materials are not honored.

And if you surprise yourself and the beauty of the beauty of concrete? The work will be added, but the staircase from the coarse concrete will turn into a work of art. Want to try? We'll have to return to the knead and fill. The additive of pigments in the concrete mixer will turn the gray mass into the color.

The purchase of white or light cement will allow to diversify the palette in addition to saturated colors pastel colors. Steps will turn from faceless attacks in the decoration. But it will be added to the staircase of the stairs from concrete.

Printed in an unworthy upper layer of commemorated fragments of multi-colored glass, flat pebbles, even chips after metalworking by ordered finishing ornaments or chaos of the inconsistency of the location of the cast decorative elements will be affected.

Self-deception or desire for traditionalism?

Below is the example of the fact that the staircase from the ordinary commercial concrete on without decoration already attracts attention. Enterprises willingly accept orders for the manufacture of concrete products. Give a sketch on the leaves, get an improved idea option.

Winning developer is obvious:

• The absence of cracks and internal stresses in the product after a steady chamber;
• Reducing consideration - installation and deposit occupy a few hours;
• Saving time - there is no need to wait for the polymerization of concrete;
• Guarantee of the absence of chips;
• Does not need processing.

Own hands to create uneconomically

Concrete staircase without wet processes

And this is possible. In the dwelling, where it is predominantly a tree, evaporation of moisture - an enemy. The frame is ordered modular or welded. And the steps are cast in a multi-purpose form on their own in the garage, in the country.

The only feature of such self-identity is the front side will be from below. Patterns and ornaments will appear twisted. But but the limitations of fantasy will not be in any form.

The photo below shows the composition on the concrete surface from the broken bottle glass. The battle was falling asleep into the form, was blown and poured with a cement mixture. The small stente pattern of Peplit and would not hurt to dilute it with several one-piece bottoms of bottles for the logical completion of the composition.

Industry is not for the power, only craftsman

The thickness of the homemade and purchased steps after processing does not exceed 50 mm. The weight is small, therefore the frame is permissible to alleviate. There is no need to prepare powerful. Installation will not require the use of lifting devices and powerful fasteners.

Lightweight format for lifting in the attic

Short outcome

Street, inter-storey concrete stairs are similar to manufacturing technology. There would be a desire, free time the required amount of money. The design features of screw and curved were not considered due to the fact that each configuration should be devoted to a separate article, and not a few general words.

Video

Frame stairs

Concrete staircase (blacknaya \u003d two march + playground) with a formwork from forest residues.