Fire is an uncontrolled combustion process, causing material damage, harm and health of people, the interests of society and the state.

The delightful alert of the consequences of the fire - sad, but they, like the fire itself, can be avoided, observing the elementary requirements of fire safety rules.

Basic Fire Safety Requirements: Ü Do not supervise electrical appliances, gas plates; ü Use for drying linen gas and electric stoves; Ü Sweep better electrical wiring, do not use damaged electrical devices, power plates; ü. Include several powerful electricity consumers at the same time, overloading the power grid; Ü Do not use open fire sources (candles, matches, torch, etc.); ü is used to store cylinders in apartments with combustible gases, containers with flammable and combustible liquids, etc.; To system in stairwells and flooring corridors storerooms (Chulans), as well as staircase, furniture and other combustible materials under flight marches and on the staircases.

If the fire happened signs of fire: the Ø with the smell of smoke Ø with open fire, flame Ø the characteristic smell of burning rubber, plastics, power supply disorder - signs of combustion of electrical wiring. What can not be done in a fire in the house (apartment): to be brought with a flame yourself, without causing firefighters (if you did not cope with fire in a few seconds, its distribution will lead to a large fire); Visit water not de-energized electrical appliances; Vzyatate to go through a smoked corridor or staircase (smoke is very toxic, hot air can also burn lungs); Valid the drainage pipes and stands with the help of sheets and ropes (if there is no sharp need for this, because the fall without the absence of special skills is almost always inevitable); Wake from the window (starting from 4-floor, every second leap is mortals)

With a fire in the apartment it is necessary: \u200b\u200bÜCell in the fire charm by phone 01 or 112 (from mobile). By typing the number, you need to briefly report the following: the cause of the call; Accurate address (street, house number, apartments, floor, staircase, code); Your surname and phone number; Write down or remember the name of the duty dispatcher who took your challenge to the arrival of fire units to take potential measures to evacuate people, documents, material values. Ü Take yourself to put out the fire yourself using fire extinguisher or remedy (water, dense tissue, etc.). üpri the danger of electric shock turn off the electricity (automata in the shield on the landing). ÜPrint that flammable liquids to extinguish with water inefficiently. It is best to use a fire extinguisher, washing powder, and when it is lacking a wet rag.

ÜPrint gas. ü cut from the opening of windows and doors to reduce air intake. üsed in the apartment is very smashed, and eliminating the foci of burning on their own are not given possible, immediately leave the apartment, covering the door. üpri the impossibility of evacuation from the apartment through the stair marches use a balcony staircase, and if not, then go to the balcony, closing the door tightly, and try to attract the attention of passersby and firefighters. ÜPo opportunity to organize a meeting of fire units, specify a fire center. You recommend you to insure yourself in advance, your property in case of fire and keep documents, money in place, known to all members of your family in case of a sudden evacuation in a fire.

Four important "impossible" during operation or leakage of gas in the apartment: I. Do not repair gas appliances yourself. II. Do not bind to gas pipes of linen ropes and do not use them as grounding. III. Do not fix the defects of the gas pipeline pipes themselves! The tool can carve a fatal spark. IV. Do not leave the working gas devices unattended, especially if children have access to them.

Your actions in the leakage of gas in the apartment: 1. Swipe the doors. 2. Stop the flow of gas: overcoat the gas. 3. Open the windows. 4. Improve the victims of the fastest air as quickly as possible. 5. Call the emergency service (04)

The effects of electricity on a person depends on the value of the current, time and conditions of its "contact" with a person, as well as from the individual characteristics of each of us. At a current of 10 -15 M. Milliamper, a person cannot independently break away from the electric pipe, and the current strength that flows in the wires of our apartments is 5 - 10 amps, which is deadly.

Precautions when working with electrical appliances: Disconnect the device from the power grid when it is maintenance (washed, change spare parts); Do not mind electrical appliances with wet hands; Do not pull the plug from the socket by pulling the cord: sooner or later it will turn around; Do not repair the instruments "on the eyes", faulty switches and sockets change; Do not turn on more than one plug into the outlet: it can lead to a short circuit; Make sure that the devices are not plugged with furniture, door, etc.; Using the extension, after the end of the work, first we will pull it out of the outlet, and after twist;

A man who came to the tension must be released immediately from the current. It is necessary to delay the victim from the wire or to discard the dry stick to the end of the wire from the victim.

Emergency prefigible assistance at electricians: if the victim does not breathe, make artificial respiration; In the absence of heartbeat, make an indirect heart massage: follow the purity of the robust cavity of the victim! Silge the victim. Enter a sterile bandage into the place of electrician. Call an ambulance care. Conduct emergency measures before the arrival of the resuscitation brigade.

The toxic effect of mercury mercury is silver-white, heavy, movable, liquid, extremely dangerous metal. Mercury and its compounds are widely used in industry: appliances; radiolmpa; X-ray tubes; batteries; Photographic materials; processing of metals, fabrics, leather; Cooking paints.

What should I do if a mercury sidewater crashed at home? Open the windows, windows for access of fresh air, (eliminate draft) Remove from the room of people, first of all children to limit the access of people into the room (close the doors) in order to reduce the vapor of mercury vapor into adjacent rooms to exclude mercury disposal on adjacent shoes Rug, moistened with a solution of mangartee, at the entrance)

Carefully and thoroughly assemble into any hermetic container with a tightly adjacent lid (for example - a glass can with a plastic lid) all fragments of a thermometer, mercury balls

The Mercury Collection Place must be treated with a weak solution of manganese all waste from the thermometer that you managed to collect in a hermetic container, to eliminate further pollution of the territory and at home, we must pass into the organization that owns the safe technologies for demurcurization of premises and mercury waste (consult in the Ministry of Emergency Situations)

Causes of buildings collaps: error design errors in the construction of a project explosion of household gas, flammable liquids, and explosives The terrorist act

What to do with collapse? Hearing an explosion or finding that the house loses stability, try to leave it as quickly as possible; Take documents and money as possible; Go down to the stairs; Going away Go away from the walls; If you could not get out of the house: turn off gas and electricity; open the front door; choose a place for capital walls; hide under the table;

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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The main reasons for the occurrence of dangerous situations in the apartment: negligence (unlucky crane, not turned off iron, boiling kettle, fueling gas stove); improper handling of equipment and household appliances; careless handling of fire and chemical preparations; Criminal situations (hacking, robbery).

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Dangerous situations that occur at home (in the apartment): fire (faulty electrical wiring and electrical engineering, careless handling of fire); Gas explosion (gas leakage, not turned off plate); flooding (faulty water supply or network included and left washing machine left); poisoning (gas or chemical preparations); electric shock (violation of safety rules when using electrical appliances and electrical equipment); Destruction of building structures (as a result of an earthquake or explosion).

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Why??? Flooding can occur due to the accumulation of the water supply system, heating or underdevelopment systems (someone forgot to close the crane or did not eliminate the water leak). And can clogged sewage or roof

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In all these cases, first of all, report this to parents, and if there are no at home, warn the neighbors and ask them to cause the emergency service and warn the JES dispatcher. In the places of leakage, put basins and buckets. When flooding the entire floor, leave the house without using the elevator. Ask adults to overlap water and be sure to turn off the electricity in the apartment - if the water falls on the electric pipe, there is a danger of electric shock and short circuit

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In order for your fault, the flooding of the house or school does not occur: do not leave the clinging water unattended. Check before leaving whether the cranes are closed, especially in those days when the water is turned off do not litter the sewage, do not try to twist or repair the cranes on the pipeline in the apartment yourself, in the event of faults or flows of water, ask for adults

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What to do in case of flooding if there are no adults at the time of the accident in the apartment, you need to immediately report it to parents to work or call neighbors; call the dispatching repair and operational management and ask to send specialists;

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What to do in case of flooding to turn off the electricity and block the water (it can help someone from adult neighbors); In places of leakage, put basins or buckets, wrap the places of leakage with a cloth and start cleaning the accumulated water as soon as possible.

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What if you flooded neighbors? If the flooding of the apartment is still in the process, stop the element. Go to the neighbors. When the bay occurs due to the accident in communications, you need to report to the dispatching operating organization; Before calling an expert on evaluating and fixing damage from the flooding of an apartment in no way eliminate the traces of the bay; Call the employee of the Operational Organization (HFA) - it will fix the damage from the flooding of the apartment (for the subsequent assessment of the damage to flooding), as well as their cause in a special act. One copy of the act should remain with you. Contact Housing even with minor damage (perhaps defects after the flooding of the apartment will be shown later in a larger volume). When drawing up an act, make sure that damages are described very accurately (it is necessary for a more accurate assessment of the damage from the flooding of the apartment); After the manifestation of all traces of the accident, it is necessary to meet with the neighbors and try to settle all issues related to the bay of the apartment, without appealing to the court;

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Notify the culprit that when refused to pay for the recovery repair, the appeal to the court will follow and, in the event of victory, the perpetrator will have to pay all court costs (services for assessing damage to flooding, lawyer, etc.); With an intractable defendant will be more difficult. Start looking for a lawyer who specializes on damages; As soon as all traces of the accident occur, invite an independent appraiser to assess the damage from flooding (bay) of the apartment; The injury is notified by the telegram (minimum for 3 working days) on the date of inspection and assessment of the damage of the apartment; The result is an act of inspection of damage. This act (repeated) takes into account the opinion of the injury. If the neighbor got a telegram and did not appear to compile an inspection act of damage, the inspection is carried out without it;

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After the expert-appraiser's visit and receiving a report on the assessment of the damage caused (takes 2-4 business days), you can safely repair the apartment; After receiving an assessment report, try again to go with the culprit "on the world." If the culprit resists, get ready for a court proceedings; In compliance with all rules and formalities, the case on damages caused by the bay (flooding) of the apartment, as a rule, wins;

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If during the trial you managed to repair and did not meet the previously stated amount, you can file a lawsuit with this amount, assuring it with checks, receipts, estimates of the repair organization. However, the victory in this case is not guaranteed, since the defendant may doubt the amount and request a counter-based expertise to assess the damage to flooding. You can safely go to it just being sure that you paid for repair not at high prices, and this happens very rarely; The court won. The defendant pays you the amount determined by the court. If the defendant refuses to pay you money, the bailiff service initiates executive production and gives the culprit of the Flood a five-day period for the execution of the decision. If the defendant does not fulfill the decision, the bailiff service applies the appropriate measures to identify the property of the debtor. In the event of a non-payment of the property of the debtor, arrest is imposed, the property is sold and the required amount is paid to you from this amount.

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Control questions Why occurs flooding in the apartment? How to protect yourself? What do you need to take when flooding? 1. Immediately inform the accident to adults (parents, neighbors, etc.). 2. Call the repair and operational management to the dispatching and ask to send specialists. 3. Disable electricity and overlap water 4. Put in the places of leaks of the thai or bucket. These places are wrapped with cloth and clean the water.

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Practical tasks Ask adults to show where there are shut-off valves in the house (cranes) of cold and hot water, how to use them? Draw the water supply scheme of your apartment on which you specify the location of pipes with hot and cold water, shut-off cranes, mixers and other devices. Indicate places where water leaks may occur. Find out the service phone numbers where you should contact in the case of flooding. Record them to your emergency phone directory.

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Fire in the apartment, house or in the country arises, as a rule, in our fault. We often forget about safety rules. And very often, if a fire happened, we do not know what to do. Remember the main rule: the fire is easier to prevent than to put out !!!

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Therefore: Do not leave the electrical appliances unattended! Be careful with matches! And in general, think before doing something !!!

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Well, if still caught fire? Feeling smoke, be sure to find out where it goes from, is it not burning anything in the apartment. Do not panic! If at home there are no adults, first of all call the rescue service by phone 112 or 01

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At the same time, inform: that burns. Your address (street, house room and apartments, floor, entrance, code). Same name and phone number from which you call. You can clarify how many floors in the house and entrances in the building, how best to drive up to the house. Be prepared to answer these questions.

21 Slides

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If the fire is not great, try to cope with it yourself, using sweater to extinguish: wet cloth and water.

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Remember !!! Therefore, if a TV or another electrical appliance caught fire, immediately pull the plug out of the outlet! If after that the burning did not stop, cover the device with a dense cloth (blanket, coat) and press it tightly to stop access to flames and stop burning, pour the center with water. In no case can not extinguish with water included in the electrical appliance and burning wires!

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With fire, smoke is even more dangerous than fire. In case of fire, leave the apartment, warn about the danger of neighbors. Leaving the apartment, close the door to the burning room and in the apartment so that there is no air access. On the smoke room, it is better to move back or on all fours (downstairs is always less smoke) and breathe through a wet fabric (handkerchief, towel, etc.), covering her nose and mouth. To protect yourself from the fire, take a wet towel, coat or bedspread. Go down the stairs, it is impossible to use the elevator!

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If you can get out of the apartment, return back. In a multi-storey building, you need to know where the evacuation staircase is located, hatch on the balcony. If you do not get to them, go to the balcony (loggia), stand at the closed window, shout and call the aid of passersby.

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Gas leakage in the apartment is very dangerous. It can happen due to the malfunction of the gas equipment (pipes, plates, columns, cylinders) or negligence of tenants (not until the end of the closed crane of the gas stove, sculpting water, filling the fire in the gas burner, or a draft that strangled a weak fire)

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Remember the main thing: if the smell of gas is felt in the apartment, in no case do not burn fire, do not turn on the light and electrical appliances if the smell of gas in the apartment is very strong, then do not take anything and immediately leave the apartment! With the smell of gas, immediately inform adults, immediately open the windows, break the crane on the gas pipe (parents must teach you to do it) and leave the apartment. Ask the neighbors to call the emergency gas service by phone 04 and the rescue service by phone 112

28 Slide

1. Think and write down what dangerous situations associated with theme of the lesson may arise in an apartment or house.

In the house or apartment there may be a fire, flooding with water from the top floor or from the sewage, the explosion of household gas.

2. Tell the results of the work of the Group on the lesson. Cut out the conditional signs from the application and connect them in the corresponding windows. Check yourself on the textbook. After checking the symbols of the conditional sign

How to act

in case of fire

with the accident of the water pipeline

when leucing Gaza

3. Indicate the correct action for each case.

4. Dad Seryoga and Nadi illustrated some safety rules. Prix \u200b\u200bdrawings showing actions: 1 - in case of fire; 2 - with a water supply accident; 3 - when leakage of gas.

5. Draw an evacuation scheme from its class in case of a fire or other danger. The path from the class to the output from the school show the red arrow.

6. Make a list of the most important phone numbers in case of danger.

Parent phones: +7-917-963-62-12, +7-495-423-21-25
Dispatcher: 365-62-57
Nearest neighbors: +7-917-544-56-87
"Ambulance": 03 (from a mobile phone 103)
Fire Protection: 01 (from mobile phone 101)
Gas service: 04 (from a mobile phone 104)
Emergency: 112
Other phones: + 7-927-463-36-36 (Baba light)

You can rewrite this list to a separate sheet and put next to the telephone.

Marina Maslennikova
Abstract of educational activities with older children "Dangerous situations of the house"

An abstract of educational activities with older children

« Dangerous situations at home»

Performed the educator MADOU DS № 11 "Teremok" Maslennikova M. A.

Integration educational regions: Cognitive, speech, communicative development.

Tasks:

1. Cognitive:

Secure knowledge by dangerous situationswhich may arise at home;

Introduce children with emergency service numbers;

2. Speech:

Develop mono- and dialogic;

3. Communicative:

Forming the skill to work in a team.

Move node

W.: Guys, I suggest you become rescuers. Who are these?

W.: You are right. Rescuers are people who help us in difficult and dangerous situations. Here we are talking about them now.

We are very, very friendly

In the morning we wash under the shower. (water)

W: Guys, what danger Can we tide with the inattentive attitude to the water?

What happened?

Like ships swimming babushkina sneakers

Cat is angry "Where are the comfort? I knocked my paws ".

In the corridor, the streams were coming together

Maybe May Days finally come.

The rug at the door of the wet - squals the water

Here staged a flood younger sister

She doll in the bathroom soap crane with water closed forgot.

W.: Guys, what rules need to be observed to not happen?

Fizkultminutka

The water is quiet.

Water is quietly splashing

We float in a warm river. (Swimming Hands.)

In the sky, tucci, like sheep,

They fought, who is where. (Pulling - hands up and sides.)

We get out of the river,

To dry, walk. (Walking in place.)

And now a deep breath.

And sit down on the sand. (Children sit down.)

W.: And tell me the guys as one word call: Refrigerator, Vacuum Cleaner, Iron, TV?

W.: That's right, these are electrical appliances. Why are they so called?

Electricity.

Talk runs on the wires,

Light carries to us.

So that the instrumentation

Refrigerator, monitors,

Coffee grinder, vacuum cleaner,

Current energy brought.

Current assistant in the house first,

Our friend is devoted and faithful.

C.: Electric current helps people, but he may be dANGER. With what?

Didactic game "Fourth extra"

Select an item that may cause fire:

Boiler, calcination, casket, saucepan;

Carpet, tv, painting, table;

Glass, lighter, spoon, table;

Hairdryer, vase, pencil, rings;

Match, bucket, wrench, doll.

W: Guys, and who will help us in a fire?

"Fizkultminutka"

All children get up in a circle. At the tutor in the hands of a red balloon. The ball is transmitted in a circle. Who has a ball, he says the last word of the poetic line.

"Once, two, three, four who have a fire (in the apartment?

The smoke will suddenly rose, who did not turn off (Iron?

Red gleam ran, who with matches (played?

The table and the wardrobe burned at once, who dried linen over (gas?

The flame jumped into the grass, who houses are chairs(foliage?

Who threw in the fire with strangers (subjects?

Remember every citizen is a number - (01?

Smoke saw - do not yaw and fire (Call).

W.: What are the guys continue? Then the following mystery:

Blue light

We, dinner cook helped (gas)

W.: Remember the guys that only adults can light gas. Household gas requires careful and attentive appeals. Natural gas, which is mined from under the ground, does not possess the smell. In the gas that enters our at homeSpecially add odorous substances. This is done so that the tenants feel smelling the necessary measures. Remember the guys phone gas service - 04.

The tutor shows the children a first-aid kit.

W.: Guys, what do you think, what lies in the drawer with the Red Cross?

W.: Right, it is a first-aid kit and there are medicines in it.

Tablets are not candy.

Know adults and kids if someone sick,

He takes the pills to recover faster.

But beautiful pills, in a multicolored sheath

This is not candy at all.

Although sometimes they resemble sweets in appearance,

But medications are accepted if something sits.

W.: How do you do if you find a tablet on the floor? Why should not swallow randomly found tablets?

W: If suddenly something happened, you need to call the station "Ambulance". Her phone is 03.

Reflection: Did you like to be rescuers?

What kind dangerous situations Were I reviewed?

What phones do you remember?

Publications on the topic:

Abstract of the gaming educational situation "Help Smoke" for children of senior preschool age Objective: Development of cognitive development of children in the process of independent performance of experiments. Tasks: -Educative:.

Objective: Comprehensive child development, development of musicality and rhythm in classes, formation of creative abilities and the development of individual.

"Fair of Dymkovsky toys." An abstract of educational activities with children of senior preschool age An abstract of educational activities with children of senior preschool age (5-7 years) "Fair of Dymkovsky toys" (artistical - aesthetic,.

Abstract educational activities with children of senior preschool age "Behavior on the road" Purpose: consolidation of knowledge according to the rules of road traffic tasks: to acquaint children with elements of the road; Tell and consolidate the rules of behavior.

An abstract of educational activities with children of senior preschool age "Talk about spring" Purpose: clarify the name of the spring months to consolidate the knowledge of people will accept the Spring to develop speech and the desire to participate in the conversation Material:.

Abstract of educational activities with older children "Mom, Dad, I am Belorechenskaya family" The abstract of educational activities with older children "Mom, Dad, I am Belorechenskaya Family" Educator I.V. Gnilevskaya theme.

We believe that at home we will always be in complete safety. There is even a saying - "My house is my fortress." Often we are inattentively treating the obligatory safety rules and forget to turn off the iron, close the entrance door; Leaving, do not check whether water taps are closed. Let's let in the house of strangers.

Due to the left-handed electrical devices, fires occur. The unlocked faucet in the bathroom or in the kitchen becomes the cause of flooding. Gas leakage can lead to poisoning and explosion, and the unclosed door - to the steal.

According to the Salvation Services, you can make a list of the most common dangerous situations in the housing:

• fire, fires;
• carbon monoxide or household gas poisoning;
• household injuries;
• falling from stairs, from height;
• lost keys, slamming doors;
• theft, attacks of intruders;
• fraud;
• flooding of premises;
• destruction of buildings, damage to property;
• animal attacks.

We listed almost all kinds of dangerous situations that are possible in the dwelling. The causes of dangerous situations in the house can be technogenic, natural and social factors:

• defective or disregarded electrical devices;
• technical accidents: damage to plumbing and gas pipelines, disorders of the heating system;
• hurricanes, livne, strong cold, heat, earthquakes, floods;
• explosive devices, poisonous substances;
• improper behavior of people violating public order;
• violation of security rules, rules for handling devices and mechanisms.

We repeat one of the most important lessons of the Obzh:

• in each dangerous situation, there is necessarily a clear or hidden cause of its occurrence, which is the result of our inattention and our ignorance.

Do you know how many teenagers got different injuries due to non-compliance with the rules for use of the elevator?

Do you think they did not know about the rules of behavior or did not read the instructions hanging in each elevator cabin? They simply did not think about danger and about how they threaten their own frivolity and careless behavior.

Some facts

Two-year-old girl with her mother climbed the elevator. The doors began to close, and the baby's leg got between the sash. The elevator drove almost a meter while the mother tried to stop the elevator cab. The girl received serious injuries. Doctors had to make several operations to preserve the health of the girl.

The elevator in a high-rise building is an indisputable convenience that provides us with a comfortable existence. Using the elevator every day, we forget that the elevator can be a source of danger to human health and life. Danger can be caused by its malfunction, the actions of criminals, hooliganism and gross violation of the elevator operation rules.

In order to avoid possible troubles, it is necessary to comply with the rules for using the elevator.

• Before entering the opening doors, you will be killed that in front of you the cabin, and not the gaping emptiness of the mine.
• You need to enter the elevator slowly and press the button of the desired floor only under the condition of final loading of all passengers.
• It is strictly forbidden to use the elevator in the fire. Casting smoke in the cabin can be dangerous for human life, and with emergency disabling electricity, the elevator will stop.
• It is forbidden to smoke in the elevator, jump, pushed, that is, do sharp movements.
• If an elevator of an old design, without automatic doors, then the desired button can only be pressed with closed internal doors. During the movement, it is strictly forbidden to open the door of the cabin of the elevator.
• If a suspicious person appeared in the hall of the house, then refrain from the trip to the elevator. If it still happened - click the button not your, but the nearest floor. Click the dispatcher call button and tell him about the situation, ask you to call the police.

Here is another typical situation that is set out in the quatrains:

Sad I stand now ...
I slammed the door.
And my sister is silent:
All forgot to take the keys.

Of course, in such cases it is urgent to call parents. You can call the rescue service, contact the police. But the most reliable is always remembering the ruble rule: leaving the apartment even for a short time, take the keys with you.

Questions

1. Call the causes of dangerous situations in the dwelling.
2. What will help make your home safe?
3. The causes of undesirable and dangerous situations in residential premises can be various factors. Find match between the factor and its characteristic. The answer is written in the notebook.

   Factors

   1. Natural
   2. Technogenic
   3. Social

   Characteristics of factors

   A. Damage to the sewer system
   B. Frosts and Hurricanes
   B. illegal behavior, hooliganism
   G. game with fire
4. Situational tasks.
   1. Lena decided to take advantage of the elevator, but he suddenly stopped. There is a mobile phone. What should she do?
   2. What if the door slammed, and on the staircase is very cold?

Tasks

1. Make a fire safety rules for fulfilling your home.
2. Invent and draw two signs that warn about any danger in the house and on the street. Give them the name.