Updated: 2016-8-4

Oleg Lazhechnikov

34

Who would have thought that such a wonderful place would be just a 15-minute drive from our house. It is so strange, because we have been living here for several years. At the same time, I know so many beautiful places in Thailand, in the Krasnodar Territory, and the fact that there was not at all, my eye did not notice. It is necessary to start looking at the world with wide eyes with wide eyes, suddenly something interesting notes under his nose.

It is a pity that this time with the weather is not lucky, and so there are a little frowning photos.

Manor Sukhanovo - at the moment we liked the most, I wanted to return to the bikes once again and ride bicycles (hurray, here it is possible!). It is not so civilized as, and several times less than. But it is present in it the most atmosphere of the antiquity, which is so sometimes not enough, although the launch is threatened to go into serious ruins in the coming years, while they are understanding who the owner of the estate. However, future ruins at all create depressing impressions, on the contrary, homely cozy and easy. And this is despite the fact that the sky was all tightened with clouds and rained rain.

Our beast car parked in a ditch

Main House of Manor Sukhanovo On the other hand

Ministers - House of Church

The tracks here are not distorted, and the ground, the park itself is more like a real forest, and looking at some buildings it seems that now from there you will have ladies in ballroom white dresses. On the weekends of people in the estate, Sukhanovo is enough, but they somehow dispersed on the territory and do not interfere. There are practically no places in the parking lot (if it can be called it) is practically no, although it is not a problem to find a car.

Waves-Swing Stand Allay Alley

Sukhanovo is currently acting (like) a holiday home of the Union of Architects, only it is not clear who is resting in it - no infrastructure, many foreign people, buildings in disregard. We ourselves saw only the dining room - the building was former in the past Mausoleum, one of those that falls apart, and what the living buildings are not clear.

Modern gazebo

History of the estate Sukhanovo

The entrance to the estate of Sukhanovo is free. But on the car inside it does not come out, the gate guard. Although someone was still missing there, apparently on special agreements (there are some organization on the territory of the park). You can walk from several sides, somewhere the fence is absent, and somewhere holes in it.

The official website of Manor Sukhanovo appeared in 2014 and then after a while stopped working. Also, there is no museum and sightseeing buildings, you can only go to the dining room and eat.

Sukhanovo - The noble estate of the late XVIII-XIX centuries, which was turned into a bright monument of Russian classicism with the concerns of Princess E. A. Volkonskaya (1770-1853), the daughter of the Ekaterininsky Sanovnik A. P. Melgunova. The light prince P. M. Volkonsky declared Sukhanovo Reserved estate - the kernel of the Majorant Volkonsky. Having become in 1826 by the Minister of the Imperial Court and Ducks, he attracted the construction of the estate of large Petersburg architects related to the Imperial Courtyard.

Sukhanovo lies about 1.5 km from the city of prominent Moscow region, on the high shore of the river nails. A landscaped park with artificial ponds fit to the manor. The holy Ekaterininskaya desert is located nearby (Sukhanov Prison, named after manor).

History

In Dopererovsky, it was a small royal patrimony, which included, except Sukhanovo, two neighboring villages. At the end of the XVII century, Peter I complained to the victim of his faithful boyar Tikhon Streshnev.

• 1623 - the villages of Bedotino, Olgino and Sukhovo, too, on the river on the nail owns the Voivode Prince Yuri Eashad.
• 1627 - recorded in the wrist book that the manor is behind the Solnichi Prince Alexei Mikhailovich Lviv.
• 1654 - Sukhanovo inherited his nephew Prince Semyon Petrovich Lvov.

• 1697 - "South Sukhanovo and the surrounding area (that is, the village of Sukhanovo, Lopatino and Bobrovo)" Peter I complained to the prominent state husband Tikhon Nikitich Streshnev, whom Extremely appreciated.
• 1761 - Seltso bought A. Gurov
• 1766 - built wooden dom
• 1769 - the estate was bought by Alexey Petrovich Melgunov, who issued her on his wife Natalia Ivanovna (nee Saltykov)
• 1770 - built in a new location two-storey stone house
• 1782 - the church of Our Lady of Vellaner
• 1769-98. - The main house is rebuilt, the gallery colonnades are attached, the facades of mezzanine with semicircular openings are decorated
• 1788 - After the death of A. P. Melgunova, the manor moves to his son to Vladimir.
• 1804 - after his death to her daughter Catherine, the wife of Prince Dmitry Petrovich Volkonsky.
• 1805-24. - the creation of the currently existing palace and park ensemble
• 1826 - Brought from Taganrog Room furnishings, where Alexander I died, including a sofa with a bronze plate: The emperor Alexander Pavlovich lay the emperor to Sea Canape in the first days of his illness in Taganrog
• 1835 - In Sukhanov, Hotel Empress Alexander Fedorovna
• 1920s - the burnt estate is given under the rear, then under school
• 1930s - Volkonsky Palace rebuilt under the sanatorium, late Holiday House of the Union of Architects
• 1946 - Restoration of the manor house after military destroyed by the project V. D. Kokorina (with a change in layout)
• By the decision of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR No. 1327, Appendix.1 of August 30, 1960, the Sukhanovo is recognized as a monument of public-union meaning.

The buildings

The Lord's House with a six-column portion of an ionic order is typical for the Russian manor architecture of the beginning of the XIX century. The author of the project is reliably established. The surprise of contemporaries caused an exotic design of indoor rooms in Turkish, Egyptian and medieval-knightly style (according to the sketches of the artist Barbieri). The top rooms of F. Solntsev designed in Chinese and Japanese styles. The interiors of the Volkonsky Palace are an early example of an eclectic approach to architecture and decor.

The most noteworthy in the architectural sense of the estate - the tomb of the princes of Volkonsky, built in 1813 by the serf A. G. Grigoriev for the project D. Livadi. Plaffon is caissious in the arts of the Griezayl. The unique appearance of the Rotonda was distorted at the restructuring of 1934 (the author of the project N. D. Vinogradov), at the same time the bell tower was dismantled.

Sukhanov Park for Soviet times suffered significant losses. Lost pavilion "Hermitage", a roller coaster, sphinxes and pier at the pond, obelisk with a double-headed eagle, etc. From park buildings are preserved as follows:

• Venus Temple of the Tuscan Order with allegorical images of music and hunting
• Sculpture "Virgo with a broken jug", author's repetition of the Tsarskoye work P. Sokolova, the suspension of Pushkin and Akhmatova
• One-line bridge along Lipova Alley
• The house of the party (1820s) is the late, very original example of the Russian pseudo.

As of 2013, the Lord's house occupies a private children's lyceum. The building is sluggishly underway, repair work (according to M. Krakochno, the portico instead of restoration "was crushed by some kind of rubbish").

Park facade Palace



Guest house

The estate Sukhanovo is one of the few mansions of the Moscow region, where a large number of architecture memos of the XVIII-XIX century is preserved, a spacious landscape park and lake. Although the state of the estate is far from perfect, but, nevertheless, it does not prevent visitors to plunge into the past - during the formation and flourishing of the Russian Empire.

Volkonsky Palace

Central construction of the estate of Sukhanovo - Volkonsky Palace. The style of construction is characterized as Russian classicism. Initially, both facades of the house were decorated as hexual ionic portico.

Today, the original portico remained only from the side that adds to the pond. The facade, which comes out into the courtyard, after the reconstruction is decorated with polisotond and cast-iron stairs.

On the first floor, the interior of the palace is decorated in the Egyptian, Turkish and medieval-knightly style, the upper rooms are in Japanese and Chinese styles.

It is worth noting that the estate became the prototype of the manor of the Bolkonsky in the novel L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace".

Residential Flygel or "Koshkin House"

Next to the main house of the estate is a two-story residential outline, which is also known as the "Koshkin House". The construction time is the end of the XVIII century.

It is assumed that the name "Koshkin House" has received the building due to the large number of cats who have once dwelling here, in honor of which the sculpture of the cat was established.

Near the house there is a playground.

Kitchen Flegene

Not far from a residential flague, along the connecting palace and houses for visiting alleys, a kitchen outline is located. Most likely, the building was erected in the middle of the XVIII century.

House of chickens or house

Another attraction of the manor is the house of churches. Construction time - middle of the XIX century. It is assumed that the project was embodied in the drawings of one of the children of the kind of Volkonsky.

Today, the building in its original form has not been preserved - there are no side towers at home.

The fluger-cock, located on one of the central towers, reached us in a single instance, which, if the necessary actions are taken to preserve it, then in the near future he will leave his constant habitat.

Houses for visiting

On both sides of the house of churchmen, two symmetric two-story buildings are placed - Guest Houses "Northern" and "South". Construction time - 1830s.

House manager

In the park, another building is located near the guest houses and the household houses - the manager of the manager. Taking into account his round turreka, he as well as other buildings of the manor, was built with fiction. Construction time - middle of the XIX century.

Today's condition of the manager's house leaves much to be desired.

Mausoleum Volkonsky

In the village of Sukhanovo, there is a real masterpiece of architecture - Mausoleum Volkonsky, which was built in the period 1813-1814. According to Ekaterina Alekseevna Volkonskaya. In the basement of the room, in the crypt, the husband of Catherine Dmitry Petrovich Volkonsky was buried, who died from RAS, obtained during the war of 1812

The Volkonsky Mausoleum was previously the Church of St. Dmitry Rostovsky, the patron of Dmitry Petrovich.

Initially, the temple was not connected with gallery with fuel located on two sides of him (the female and men's almissal alone were previously located). A small bell tower, which was in front of the mausoleum, was surrounded by colonnade. Most of all the contemporaries were amazed by the White Crown of the Dimitrovsky Church, which dramatically stand out against the background of the walls of red bricks.

During the Soviet power, the Mausoleum was rebuilt under the dining room, and the dust of Volkonsky is reburied.

Next to the tombstones of Volkonsky, moved from the crypt, are placed cemetery stands of infants infants (got into the estate during her reconstruction in the 1930s, when a large number of tombstones and stones with Moscow cemeteries were brought to the estate in the estate).

Not far from the Volkonsky Mausoleum placed a business building - a glacier.

Virgo with jug

The sculpture of "Virgo with a jug", placed near the Mausoleum of Volkonsky, was made in 1816. The once statue was located in the spring, and water was poured out of the broken jug.

A few years ago, marauders, together with the fingers of the Virgin, the pitcher was spawn. As a result, in order to prevent further damage to the "Virgin with a jug" (it will be more correct to say "without jug") a metallic fence was equipped around the sculpture.

Stable

On the territory of the estate, as in the pre-revolutionary period, there is a stable (built in the 60-70s. XVIII century), where they are located for 8 horses. True, the stable is far from perfect condition - it slowly, but confidently destroys.

A stone bridge

In the eastern direction from the House of Volkonsky, there is a stone pedestrian bridge, which perhaps through a small ravine.

Under it - driving road. Most likely, the appointment of the bridge was decorative, because it could not be the need for the construction of such a massive stone structure to carry out one of the few tracks of the Sukhanovsky Park on him. It is assumed that the bridge was erected in the first decades of the XIX century.

From the bridge over the ravine, visitors opens a remarkable view of the Sukhanov pond.

Gazebo "Temple of Venus"

The gazebo "Temple of Venus" is located above the uncrowed break. From this place the picturesque surroundings of the r. Nail. The gazebo is an elegant rotunda with eight columns, and the ornament of the Rotunda allegorically depicts music and hunting. Once upon a time the dome of the "temple of Venus" from the inside was decorated with painting, but before our time it was not preserved. Erected a gazebo in the beginning. XIX century

In addition, tennis courts, volleyball and training platform, bath and a variety of economic buildings are placed on the territory of the village of Sukhanovo; At the entrance - paid and free parking; On the shores of the Sukhanov Pond - Pier.

History of manor

The estate is known since the XVII century. - In 1623, the estate, which consisted of the village of Sukhanovo, Olginino and the Poorbino, located on the shores of the river. The nail, was in possession of the governor of Prince Yuri Eashadh. In 1627, Prince Alexey Mikhailovich Lviv became the new owner of the estate. Because the prince died childless (1654), the estate passed into possession of his nephew - Prince Petrovich Lviv seeds.

In Petrovsky, the estate consisted of Sukhanovo villages, Bobrovo and Lopatino. In 1697, Peter I gave the lot to his trusted person, the first Moscow governor - Boyarin Streshnev Tikhon Nikitich. After his death, in 1719, the estate once again passed into the ownership of the sovereign. Soon the estate was complained by Major General Dmitriev-Mamontov I.I., who took part in the battle of Narva. In 1761, Guryev A.G., Captain Lieuchka Life Guard, Izmailovsky Regiment, was becoming the new owner of the estate, which in 1769 sold the estate by the Russian officer and the public figure of Melgunov A.P. In 1788, after the death of Alexei Petrovich, his son is becoming the new owner of the estate - Vladimir.

In 1804, the manor crossed the princes of Volkonsky (after the death of Vladimir Melgunova, Ekaterina, who married Prince Dmitry Petrovich Volkonsky), in the nature of which remained until 1917. It is assumed that it was in the period 1805-1824. Today the existing palace and park ensemble was created.

Peter Mikhailovich Volkonsky, Dmitry Petrovich's nephew, occupying the position of Minister of the courtyard and heads of the buildings of public buildings, had the opportunity to attract such famous architects to work on the estate, I. Charleman, D. Zhilladi, A. Grigoriev, A. Menels and V. Stasov. In addition, Peter Mikhailovich, being close to Alexander I, and then to Nicholas I, was able to achieve a major, special right, in accordance with which the estate was inherited exclusively to the older representative of the genus Volkonsky.

After the revolution, in the 1920s. The estate was given to the Revolutionary Committee, hereinafter - under the shelter for benutrodists. In 1935, the estate was redone under the sanatorium, after - a house of creativity of the Union of Architects was equipped here. In the late 1930s. According to the project Vinogradova N.D. Cardinal changes were subjected to the Mausoleum of Volkonsky.

After the Great Patriotic War, in 1946, partially destroyed estate was restored under the project of the Kokorina architect V.D. In 1960, Manor Sukhanovo was recognized as a monument of public-union meaning.

In 1993, the estate was transferred to the State Enterprise "Historical and Cultural Center Sukhanovo", which for several years managed to turn a monument of architecture in ruins. In 1996, the Union of Architects managed to return the estate, which in 2002 was closed for reconstruction. Today there is a private educational institution.

Having admiring the architectural masterpieces of the estate of Sukhanovo, it is difficult to imagine that all this was the greatness someday will fall without a trace, will collapse under the rule of time. There is some kind of bitterness in this, resentment for all of us, for all those who failed to preserve what was once created by the ancestors.

Deceptber 15th, 2014

Total 30 photos

This is a very curious place. In addition to its history, reflecting in many respects the history of our entire country, and the impressive park economy, the Manor Sukhanovo is interesting and the fact that it is very close to Moscow and, many simply do not realize that such beauty is located almost within the city of the city prominent in the south of the capital. From the Moscow Ring Room, it is possible to get there by car for 10 minutes. In addition, in close proximity to this estate Volkonsky (on the Yandex map - Ekaterininskaya desert) - the delightful and holy place, which I would recommend to visit first of all, together with spiritual pilgrimage with Traveling into this wonderful estate.

Since the material got a lot, I will share my story for three, perhaps logical parts: the first part - historical calculations about the estate of Sukhanovo, old photos, the second part - a manor park, the main home of the manor, auxiliary structures, their photos, the third part - Volkonsky's Mausoleum - Wonderful pattern of Russian park architecture, walk in the park and surroundings of the park pond manor Sukhanovo ...

In the Doperer Times, these lands on the high bank of the River Nadyanki were ancient times the royal career. At the end of the XVII century, Peter I falsify the Earth with the villages of Sukhanovo, Lopatino and Bobrovo boyar Tikhon Streshnev, your faithful and trusted face and the first Moscow governor. In the correspondence of the books of 1709, Sukhanovo was meant as Selo with the Boyarsky Court, horse and cattle courtyards, in which there were 7 "Konyukh residents", and a gardener ...

02.

After the death of Streshnev in 1719, the estate was transferred to Ivan Dmitriev-Mamonov, an influential one in marriage with the princess Praskov, Anna John's sister. From 1761 by the villagers on the knot, the captain-lieutenant of the Life Guard Izmailovsky Regiment A.G. Guriev, built the main stone house.

In 1769, the estate bought N.I. Melgunova (Saltykov). Her husband was a significant Ekaterininskoyan's wife, appointed in 1764 "to Moscow by Senator and the Komerts-Collegia by the Podrodenth", produced by Peter III in Lieuner General. With appointment to Moscow A.P. Melgunov took over the acquisition of the estate near Moscow. His choice fell on Sukhanovo, which he bought from Gurieva, issued a bought at his wife. It was the usual gentlemen estate, the best decoration of which was the park located in her eastern part. The restructuring of the manor's new owners began with the construction of the main house in 1770. It is not possible to describe it in the details now, it is not known to describe it so far.

03.

Appointed in 1777 by the governor in Yaroslavl and the governor of the Vologda, Kostroma and Yaroslavl province, A.P. Melgunov moved to a residence in the city of Yaroslavl, but for a minute she does not forget about his estate near Moscow, continuing to landscaping it. North-west of the main house, a few steps from him, he built a stone church in the name of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, consecrated on August 31, 1785

On this rare old photo, a part of this Christmas church is visible to the right.
04.

Based on the principal community of the compositions of the Sukhanov Church and the Clamps and Domian church, which has survived so far in the Old Rowarean Lane of Moscow, built one of the founders of Russian classicism, Matvey Fedorovich Kazakov, as well as the architectural features of the home home experts believe that the author of the project and the Christmas church is the author of the project It is this famous architect.
05.

Now there is a non-Turkish shop and is a "smoking" with an ashtray-bucket located in 1917.

North-east of the main house, under the influence of fashion for medieval oriental architecture, Melgunov erected "in the Knight's spirit" a long brick building, in which residential premises for servants, a stable, Riga and Ovin were originally located, with high tower on the flanks, and east of it - Houses for the priest and architect.
06.

After the death of A.P. Melgunova in 1788 Sukhanovo with the villages passed on the will to his younger son, the Life Guard of the Preobrazhensky Regiment of Lieuage Vladimir Alekseevich Mel Grunov, at the request of which to the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, the builder of the Ekaterininsky desert Melchsedex Warmhouse, in the name of the Tikhvin Blessed Virgin 1790

According to the will, Alexei Petrovich Melgunova and after his death in 1788, the village of Sukhanovo with the villages of Bobrovo, Lopatino, Spirovo went to his younger son to Vladimir. With Melgunov, a very beautiful gazebo-rotunda appeared in the manor park, eight blonde columns of which forming the right circle, walked a hemispherical dome. Outside, under the dome, there was a frieze with stucco images of musical instruments, garlands and tapes that make the impression of the holiday. In the center of the arbor stood the statue of the goddess Venus, which was considered in Roman mythology as a patronage of spring and gardens, and later - love and beauty. From here, an excellent view of the artificial lake was opened and Zaozernaya Dali, which now disturb the trees. We will see these buildings in the second part of my story.

With these same owners by erection in the natural ravine, 3 ponds located with a cascade and numerous keys are formed. In one of them, Lower, there were a lot of fish, and next to him, a little east, there was a Lord's bath (see map).
07.


Vladimir Melgunov died in 1804 in the rank of Brigadier (according to our concepts - something average between the Colonel and Major General), and Sukhanovo switched to His sister Catherine, in marriage Volkonskaya. "Once it will be God," her husband wrote into the spiritual prince Dmitry Petrovich Volkonsky- to relocate me from this inexpensive life in the eternal, then I got to me on the bugs of the fortress from my courtesy my spouse Ekaterina Alekseevna, nee Melgunova, committed in the St. Petersburg Chamber of the Civil Court in 1805, the estate that was given to her from the brothers of her Major General Peter and Brigadier Vladimir Alekseevich Melgunov in the 5th revision (1795) in p. Sukhanovo 18 yard and peasants 21, in the village of Lopatino - 53, Bobrov -128 and Spirovo - 70 I leave her to my own wife in possession. "
08.

Self Dmitry VolkonskyBorn in 1764, thanks to the meanings of a kind and personal qualities, it was accustomed to the title of Lieutenant General and at the end of the XVIII century. He held the post of Intendant General. Alexander I appointed him by a member of the Military Collegium.

With it, on the lake, a marina and bathing were built, and on the opposite shore - gazebos with columns and the second pier, "Summer Mountain" was built next to them: an open gazebo, with which on the rail skate rode on special trolleys. This mountain, according to legend, he built a wife for the names of his wife, which I called it "Katishina". The general of September 30, 1812 died at the age of 50 from the Russian Academy of Sciences, obtained in the war of 1812 in its Ryazan estate Malinka, where he was temporarily buried.

His widow, Princess Ekaterina Alekseevna, was released from the payment of duties from all her husband's fees left for lifelong use. The Russian Archive magazine wrote that she was "was very famous in St. Petersburg society and wore the nickname" Nursery-Warrior. "

Wanting to perpetuate the memory of her husband, Ekaterina Volkonskaya in just a few months built in Sukhanov, the house church with a tomb of Domenico Livadi, as evidenced by the inscription on the copper board, which was in the crypt: "laid church in the name of St. Dmitry Metropolitan Rostov And All Russia's wonderworker ... The blessing of the Holy Synod ... and dependency of her fortunate of Princess Catherine Alekseevna Volkonskaya in the memory of the presumination in 1812 of September 30 days of the late spouse of her Dmitry Petrovich Volkonsky at the village of Sukhanovo in the summer from the creation of the world 7321, from Christ the embodiment 1813 May 30 days. "

The only decoration of the temple building (in addition to the white-name details) was from the west side over the eaves two flying figures "Victory" (fame) with wreaths in the hands - an indispensable attribute of the building dedicated to military events. The dome was crowned with a spire with an apple and a small cross. In 1827, two large cast-iron tripod-"satellite" were installed on the main staircase, "altar" with frozen flames, reinforced by the "antique" character of the Mausoleum temple. At the foot of the altars read the inscription: "Mold at the plant of Prince Bibarsova" and the casting date - 1827

The external peculiarity of the temple and colonnades with the bell tower was emphasized by the fact that after the construction he was never plasteaded that, as V.V. wrote Zigra, "For a classic building, the phenomenon is definitely negative" and it is difficult to disagree with it. V.V. Zigrai tried to find an explanation for this fact and assumed that the construction remained unfinished (that is, we simply did not have time), allowing, however, the idea that it was done consciously and leading to the example of the Slobodsk Palace and the Otradnenian Church. However, it can be assumed that the environment and included in one complex with him the surroundings never placed consciously and the reason for this - the desire to relate in the external color decision to a new building with the old complex of buildings in the style of "Russian Gothic".

Above the portion of the tomb to the restructuring of the building, the inscription "Blessed Grocery in the Name of the Lord" was preserved. Under the temple, there was actually a princely tomb, the entrance to which (on the east side down the church was ladder) blocking the cast-iron lattice with the bronze surname coat of arms and the Latin motto "In Deo Spes MEA".

On the east side, Rotunda framed a colonnade with a three-tiered brick bell tower in the middle, adjacent to two single-storey filties. From the side of the bell tower there was an entrance to the family crypt with a lattice cast-iron gate, decorated with a bronze coat of arms of the Volkonsky, in which Dmitry Petrovich was transported. The authorship of the project of the temple researchers are credited with Domenico Liberadi or Athanasia G. Grigoriev, who has built 1812 after a fire, where the Museums of A.S. Pushkin and L.N. Tolstoy are currently located.

"According to the originality of the composition, he wrote an expert on the Moscow region of the Usouris N. Ya. Tikhomirov, - ideological content and high mastery of the Sukhanovsky Mausoleum, which is not equal in the world architecture of that time, is an outstanding work of the Russian classical architecture of the beginning of the XIX century.".
12.

This is a project Domenico Liberty Iconostasis of the Temple of Dmitry Rostovsky - Mausoleum Volkonsky
13.

Rare old photo of the iconostasis of this temple-mausoleum.
14.

And here you can see the bell tower of the temple of Dmitry Rostovsky, she was demolished in the 1930s during the reconstruction of the estate and the temple itself ...
15.

Ekaterina Volkonskaya partially re-overwhelmed the main house of the manor, by adding the third floor of the mezzanine with the floor circular windows on the ends. The balcony in the colonnade and the terrace under the portices were fenced with balustrade with balusters, and open single-tier connecting gallery was rebuilt into bunk and glazed.
16.

Being childless, Ekaterina Alekseevna in the 1820s. attracted to the improvement of the estate of his husband's beloved nephew - prince Peter Mikhailovich VolkonskyBy making it a co-owner of the estate. Born in Petersburg, he was enrolled in the horse guard and received the first officer rank at the age of 17, and then he was appointed an adjutant of the Grand Duke Alexander Pavlovich, when the coronation of which in 1801 was granted by an adjutant general. In the Patriotic War headed the headquarters first under Kutuzov, and then with the emperor. In 1813 he became an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He is considered a possible prototype Andrei Bolkonsky in the "War and the World".

I have a very positive impression from this portrait. The image of Peter Mikhailovich Brushes analian artist George Dow, as if "breathing", "lives" and, it seems, is about now, he will say something apparently ...
17.

Taking advantage of the proximity to Alexander I, Peter Mikhailovich achieved the special legal status of the Sukhanovo's estate, which became the protected (Mayojorate) and could only go inheritance for the older representative of the family. Becoming in 1826 by the Minister of the Imperial Court and the Ducks, he attracted the construction of large Petersburg architects associated with the Imperial Courtyard to build a manor.

The northern portico of the main house was replaced by the floor with a colonnade and a cast-iron platform at the level of the second floor, to both ends of which elegable cast iron stairs were conducted. The right lump and the gallery adjacent to him broke, and in their place they built a new one, with 20 rooms, connected to the main house with the deaf walls. A covered transition appeared between the Flygel and next to the church.

But the main changes touched upon the inner redevelopment of the house, in addition to Peter Mikhailovich, Ekaterina Alekseevna and his Snow Freillina Maria Petrovna, nee Cykina, were actively engaged in. In the lower summary of the floor, a number of rooms were finished again. They housed the office, called Feldmarsh, on the blue background of the arch of which was drawn by the shield-crowned with a helmet with the coat of arresting motto of Volkonsky, surrounded by images of all Russian and foreign orders, which Peter Mikhailovich was honored. Accordingly, the Turkish and Egyptian rooms for guests are decorated. There were also a room of princess, billiards, premises for servants.

With Peter Volkonsky, two houses for visitors were built at the site of the disassembled houses, instead of the burnt bath, a children's "tea house" appeared behind the lower pond, and next to him - a monument to Alexander I in the form of a 7-meter obelisk, topped with a double-headed eagle.
19.

Between the main house and the top pond rose a greenhouse in the form of the letter "P" with five heated rooms; Through the ravine leading down to the lake, a single-strength vaulted viaduct bridge made of red bricks with blonde parts and openwork cast-iron railings.
20.

A lot of park sculptures were installed ... these are lost sphinxes ...
21.

Near the swimming pool, a cast iron statue of a girl crying over a broken jug ...

Feldmarshal died in 1852. For some time, the remains of Prince rest in the family crypt, which was part of the Temple of Dmitry Rostovsky - the patron of Volkonsky.

Sukhanovo went to his eldest son Dmitry, who often housed here, and last years he lived there is no one, here and died in 1859. The estate went to his 14-year-old son Peter Dmitrievich, who was reached by China StallMayuser, who was heading by all the imperial stables. Sukhanovo for him was the place of summer holiday, but sometimes he visited him in winter. When he left for a long time abroad, the house remained almost uninhabited and gradually came to the launch.

From the events in the life of the estate of the second half of the XIX century. You can allocate the release of the peasants of the village from the serf addiction. Before the reform, six peasant yards were in the estate, between the Dmitrov Church and the crushed ravine. In 1859, the village burned down, but the peasants, taking a loan, quickly rebuilt. During the peasant reform, when redeeming the peasant puts, their estates were postponed to the sublime south bank of the lake. Although the peasants and became the owners of the Earth, but they did not lose touch with the estate, leaseing the prince of arable land and the buds, having worked around the yoke in the estate of rubble, sand and building materials.

For the inhabitants of the estate, a sad memorable began on May 23, 1892, when the young prince Dmitry, a student of the Pazhskoy Corps, who arrived here on the summer holidays, was crashed to death during the horse riding. He was buried in a separate grave on the steep descent in the ravine opposite the central entrance to the Dmitrov Church. The grave was acquired by an iron lattice and put a marble monument.

By the end of the XIX century. In the tomb there were five burials of Volkonsky - Ekaterina Alekseevna, Maria Petrovna, Olga Dmitrievna Volkonskaya and two Dmitriev Petrovichy. The sixth and last grave - the last prince Dmitry Volkonsky was located on the court in front of the temple himself. At the low iron fence there was a squeezing monument - a massive granite plate, on which one more, from white marble, with a cross and inscription "Blessed with a heart, and a clergy of God, were crushed from above. The burial place (outside the temple and the crypt) was chosen, Dmitry himself before death, because the crypt, in which the remaining burials of Volkonsky were often filled with soil waters. "Water stood in the crypt, since there are high water, and in most cases the graves were flooded. True, the water level ranged - sometimes it was, sometimes less," recalled P.A. Gerasimov. Thus, the necropolis Sukhanov was at the beginning of the 20th century six burials.

"The Golden Age of Sukhanovo was held," the historian of the U.G.Ivask was written in 1915, - and there was an elegant life there. Much, and even a lot, is in the dying stage, which has long been doomed to slow dying. But the romantic nestness of the estate does not produce depressing impressions, does not cause a mechanical feeling of resentment: in it the precious "dust of the centuries", a quiet treachery of the former strength, the beauty of the old ... The best decoration of the estate is the park, a wide ring envelope all the lake ... in previous years He was kept in immaculate. Now many paths thickets overgrown with grass, the bridges dilapidated, the trees approached the walls of arbors and greenhouses, hiding their collapsed stucco. Only a platform at the house, all the drowning in the colors, the alleys and tracks nearest to it are well maintained and cannot complain about the inbot to them to the gardeners: everything is clean, neat, neat and beautiful, as there was time ... ".

And then the greatest years have come in the history of the manor. The house left without the owners, during the civil war, partially burned down, much of the furniture, paintings, dishes were taken out, stunned, broke out. In the main house, for some time stayed with a river, then the school is a children's educational colony. "I me," the mono worker sent here in 1923, - inspected the premises of the former Volkonsky house, among the total trampoline there are once a big library and furniture, the paintings of F. Tolstoy are hanging. On the walls wallpaper XVIII and the first half of the XIX centuries. (up to 12 samples). "

In the 1930s. In Sukhanovo was a sanatorium. Adjusting the estate under it, the buildings caused significant damage. In the 30s in Mausoleum, Volkonsky staged a dining room. The architects themselves said: "... we are poured, sitting on the princes ...". Locals are told, as in the 30s, the coffins were thrown out of the crypt, and the sarcophagus was then pierced ...

Then there is a holiday home of the Union of Architects. In 1945-1946 Architect V.D. Cockerin restored the main house by changing the layout of the premises. It has 47 residential rooms, a medical unit with a waterproof, a library, reading room, a cinema and other services.

By that time, the estate lost the old Christmas church, monuments to Alexander I and Elizabeth Alekseevna, Wooden plastered Park Wolter with columns, Hermitage Pavilion, Orangee, Pier, Capital Gorka, Sphinx at Pond, etc.

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In the second half of the 1930s. Partially rebuilt and the building of the pseudo-styled style ...
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Unfortunately, the building of the Dmitrovsky Church was strongly reconstructed, which, according to the characteristics of V.V. Zigra, was "an extremely important monument for the history of Russian architecture. It is exclusively not only in terms of the Russian, but also of the Western European Ampure. We will no longer find a similar plan anywhere, such a solution to the complex architectural composition."
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In accordance with the new functional destination, the semicircular colonnade and the bell tower were dismantled, erecting in their place a kitchen housing. The rotunda adapted under the dining room, and the princely tomb was abolished, rebooting near the dust of some members of the Volkonsky family. Some believe that two small cemetery stands with inscriptions are transferred from the crypt: "Pearl of Varvara Aleksandrovna. 13.IX.1837 - 28.VI.1838" And "Spearman Maria Alexandrovna. 10.xi.1840 - 11.xi.1840" And that in Sukhanov, the daughter of Alexander Ivanovich Pestel, the younger brother of the executed Decembrist was buried. According to other, more likely information, mourning stands of babies, Pestel tribal was brutally taken out in the 1930s from Moscow, during the massive rupture of old necropolia by the Bolsheviks, obviously in the aim of embelling the park sculpture of the estate. Some fragments of such mourning sculptures are welcome at the base of high ravine, where this temple is.

Near the burials of Volkonsky on a small hill, the cast-iron statue of the "Girls with a broken jug", previously located on the deserted shore of the lake, was placed. The graves with the marble monument to Prince D.P. Volkonsky now does not exist.

The names of the founder of the manor and Feldmarshal are immortalized in geographical names. Rich Scythian Vi Skift Vi. BC e. Near the Ukrainian Kirovograd, excavated by General in 1763, is called the Melgunovsky Kurgan. The archipelago of the lowland islands of the Pacific Ocean is the Volkonsky Island, opened in 1820 by the head of the first Russian Antarctic (round-the-world) expedition F.F. Bellylshausen and named after Peter Mikhailovich.
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Sukhanovo is a unique place, different historical peripetics reflected here. Victory celebration of the 1812 year, the destruction of churches in the twentieth, shootings of the thirties. Today, the estate Sukhanovo is a field of collision of different interests, first of all, property. But the plan for the restoration of the architectural masterpiece, the protection of nearby species fields from the buildings today is not.

Here is the story of one submachine manor. Now that we a little more we know about the manor Sukhanovo, let's walk through her, inhibiting history and beauty ... - Go to the second part.

LCD "Manor Sukhanovo" - a low-storey residential complex, the construction of which is engaged in LLC "Decor". The project is implemented in three queues, the first of which is six 5-storey brick-monolithic houses. There are hulls on the territory of the village of Sukhanovo Leninsky district Mosoblasti.

Description of buildings

Starting hulls are calculated 660 apartments. The housing is designed with free planners from 37 sq. M to 85 sq.m. Ceilings in houses are designed 2.72 m in height. One-, two- and three-bedroom apartments are offered to owners in the following form:

• there is a screed of floors;
• the glazing of loggias and balconies;
• waterproofing of floors in the bathrooms;
• walls in the bathrooms are plastered.

The first floors of new buildings are non-residential - under the location of office space, shops, pharmacies, various household services. Despite low-rise, in each section there is a passenger elevator.

Infrastructure

Dvors developer landscaping. An extensive parking area is arranged for residents and guests of the complex, children's playgrounds will be equipped, pedestrian walkways, recreational zones are also equipped. The project includes social and household objects:

• pre-school institution;
• comprehensive school;
• ground parking;
• administrative office building.

The location of the residential complex "Manor Sukhanovo" surrounded by a pine forest, makes the project even more attractive. Part of the territory borders with a large Sukhanovsky pond. Nearby there are several grocery stores. Hospital and elementary school are located in a kilometer. You can get to the visible from here in half an hour a car. Departure to the Moscow Ring Road is possible at the Rastorguevsky and Warsaw Highway (11 km).