Concrete floors are the most practical option for the private house, due to the strength, durability and low production costs. But concrete - the material is cold, and without high-quality thermal insulation in the winter in the house is not very comfortable. In addition to the high heat loss, the problem creates condensate, which is formed due to a large temperature difference from the inner and outer side of the concrete base. You can warm the concrete floor in a private house in several ways, and all of them are even a novice master.

Concrete floor can be insulated in three different ways:

• simplest - lay insulation on a concrete surface with a solid layer. For this, the base is cleaned of dust, eliminate irregularities, if necessary, fill with levevating mixtures. The insulation can be attached to glue, dowels or a combined way, after which the finishing coating is installed. Separate insulation themselves act as a finished flooring, which reduces the time for laying and save money;
• the frame method - on a concrete basis, first install lags, then the space is filled between the insulation between them, the purple floor is filling. The method is more laborious, but allows the use of materials with a smaller density that cannot withstand high loads;
• laying insulation under the tie - mounted on the concrete floor layer of thermal insulation and pour from above cement-sandy solutionAs a result, a monolithic durable basis is formed. The method is the most time-consuming and long-term, but such base is great for any flooring - from linoleum to tile. In addition, this option is used in the device of electrical and water warm floors, which ensures uniform heat transfer over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

When choosing the defining criterion is the type of flooring and the method of its laying. For example, soft and rolled materials are not suitable for laying in the screed, as they are not intended for high loads. The same applies to insulation stacked directly under the finishing coating: they must have good density and rigidity in order not to be used during operation. It is also worth considering that lags and insulated screed taking up to 15 cm of height, so the first laying method is preferable for rooms with low ceilings.

Selection of insulation for concrete

The insulation market now provides a wide range of materials of both domestic and foreign production. For thermal insulation of concrete floors, chipboard, fibrous materials, stoves made of foamed polymers are most often used. Also gain popularity sprayed insulation, which are applied using special equipment. Among the cheap options for a private house, it is worth noting the clamzite - natural, environmentally friendly material with excellent thermal insulating properties.

The key characteristics of insulation are:

• density - the higher this indicator, the greater the amount of heat will be held;
• strength - Determined on bending and compression. The higher the alleged loads, the stronger the insulation should be;
• thermal conductivity - The efficiency of heat saving indoors depends on this indicator. Preferences need to be given materials with the smallest coefficient of thermal conductivity;
• moisture permeability - The higher the indicator, the faster the thermal insulation properties of the material deteriorate. Nappulged with water, the insulation is not able to keep heat, so it will have to be changed;
• durability - In order to save items, it is worth choosing the material with the largest service life, because the frequent replacement of the insulation and the accompanying repairs will be expensive;
• ecology - In residential premises, it is necessary to use only environmentally friendly insulation, since the floor covering is not good protection against toxic evaporation.

The weight of the material of the big role does not play, because, unlike the city apartment, it does not need to be afraid of high loads on overlap between floors.

So, consider popular insulation, their properties, pros and cons.

Material	Main characteristics
	It has a low thermal conductivity and perfectly dries sounds. Produced in rolls and plates, differs in density. It does not burn, but has high moisture permeability, and therefore requires high-quality waterproofing when laying. The service life under compliance with the installation technology is 25-30 years. Mineral wool insulation is performed only by lags, since the material does not make high loads
	They have good strength and heat capacity, have sound insulation characteristics, can fit directly on concrete or on lags. For the insulation of the floor, the plates with a thickness of at least 20 mm are suitable. Moisture resistance is average, so waterproofing is required on wet grounds. In dry rooms, the material can be laid directly on concrete, pre-treated with primer
	This group includes foam and EPPS. They are lightweight, comfortable in installation, have a very low thermal conductivity. They can fit under the tie or between lags, and EPPS and the concrete floor itself. Polyfoam is cheaper, but less durable, so, with elevated requirements for the floor, it is better to use extruded polystyrene foam. Foam insulation resistant to moisture and serve an average of 20 to 30 years
	Form a seamless durable coating with low thermal conductivity and resistance to moisture. Use them when insulating concrete on lags. Such thermal insulation is one of the most reliable and durable, but also cost much more expensive than other materials. This is due to the need to use a special installation, with which the spraying is made.
	The most eco-friendly insulation at an affordable price. Used when warming up the lags and under the screed. To ensure maximum thermal insulation, the material should be filled with a thick layer - from 10 to 20 cm. Ceramzite does not burn, has a long service life, but it is very fragile and loses its thermal insulation properties due to the structure of the structure
	Easy, environmentally friendly insulation with water-repellent properties. The plug has a very low thermal conductivity indicator, it is even warm to the touch, therefore it is ideal not only as a substrate, but also as an independent flooring. It can be stacked directly to the concrete floor, painted, lacquer. The disadvantage of the insulation is only a high price

There is another type of insulation, which appeared not so long ago and has not yet managed to win wide popularity. This is liquid thermal insulation - a new generation material with unique properties. It looks like a thick white paint, and applies the same way, forming an elastic durable coating. The layer of 1 mm is capable of replacing the rolled insulation with a thickness of 50 mm, moreover, such a coating is immune to moisture, chemical exposure, does not burn and does not release toxic substances. This paint is applied not only for the insulation of concrete floors, but also for walls, slopes, pipelines, facades, various tanks. It serves as a coating for about 15 years under the condition of proper application.

Liquid thermo insulating coating "Astrathek"

Warm concrete floor do it yourself

Before insulation, the concrete surface must be inspected and eliminated all defects. This applies to the chosel, cracks, reckled sections. Small drops in height are leveled with leveled mixtures. Such preparation is a mandatory step, and ensures the reliability and durability of the floor. And now consider separately the most popular ways of insulation of concrete floor in a private house.

Insulation expanded polystyrene

To work should be prepared:

• epps plates;
• waterproofing film;
• damper tape;
• vapor insulation membrane;
• construction Scotch;
• hypanoloconse sheets;
• glue for GWL;
• tools and fasteners.

The surface of the concrete floor should be clean, absolutely dry and not to have drops at a height of more than 5 mm.

Step 1. The floor is covered with a waterproofing film, whose canvases are laid by 10-15 cm, and the joints fasten with scotch. To increase the sound insulation, you can lay the second layer of geotextile canvas with a density of 300 g / m2.

Council. Waterproofing is mandatory for bathrooms, kitchens and other rooms with high humidity, in the rest of the rooms the insulation can be laid directly on the concrete basis.

Step 2. On the perimeter of the room laid a damper tape so that its fold accumulate exactly at the junction between the wall and the floor.

Step 3. Put the first series of polystyrene foam. Plates are snugged with the grooves and crests on the side edges. The latter in a row of the stove is cutting like.

Step 4. The insulation must be laid with the displacement of the seams, the rotor, so the second row starts with a cropped plate. Everything else is exactly the same: the EPPS lays the joint into the joint, level, they monitor all the plates in the same plane.

Step 5. On top of the polystyrene, the vapor barrier membrane is laid. Its canvases also put the flames in the edges of the edge of 10 cm on the wall, all joints are sealed with scotch.

Step 6. Mounted team screed. Gypsum sheets are placed on the floor of the joint in the joint in a checker order. Further, on the seams between the rows, the adhesive with continuous wavy stripes are applied and the second layer of GWL is stacked so that the seams are completely blocked by sheets.

Step 7. When the glue is freezed, the mechanical fixation of both layers is performed. Self-tapping screws in the corners and in the center are screwed into each sheet, slightly dripping fasteners into the material.

After that, you can drain any finish coating and even mount the warm floor under the tile. The heating elements can be located both in a layer of screed and in the layer of tiled glue.

Warming of mineral wool on lagas

To work, you will need:

• mineral wool in plates or rolls;
• waterproofing film;
• wooden bar for lag;
• plywood or chipboard for flooring with a thickness of 18 mm;
• dowels and selflessness;
• roulette, level and mounting knife;
• drill and perforator.

Step 1. Concrete base is covered with a layer of waterproofing film. Related fabrics must be laid on 15-200 cm, the joints are glued with scotch.

Step 2. Lagges are installed on top of the film, the cross section is not less than 110x60 mm. The distance between lags depends on the thickness of the floor coating, in this case it is recommended to take a step of about 300 cm. The bar is put on the edge, be sure to control the plane level, and also monitor the lags are strictly parallel to each other.

Step 3. Finish lags to the base. To do this, drill their through and deepen into a base of 50-60 mm. Next, the dowels are inserted, screws screw. The mounting step is equal to 40-50 cm.

Council. To fix the lag to the floor, experienced masters recommend using screws, which do not reach the head. Such fasteners allow you to more tightly attract the bar to the base.

Step 4. Put insulation. The mineral wool roll roll over the lags, after which the insulation is cutting on the strip so that each of them tightly filled the space between the bars. If a slab insulation is used, the stoves are inserted alternate between the vagas of the velocity, if necessary, cut the width. Lags must perform over the insulation of about 20 mm.

Step 5. The next stage is the styling of the draft floor. Phaneur is dismissed and stacked sheets of the joint in the joint with a solid layer. You can use pinned plates with protective moisture-resistant coating. The material is stacked by a long side perpendicular to lagas and is attached to the frame of self-drawing in a step of 20 cm. The ranks of the plates are stacked with the displacement of the seams, and the docking of the seams in the row is carried out along the longitudinal axis of the lag.

Before laying the plates, the glue is applied to the brush to the ends, which provides a high degree of moisture resistance

To ensure greater protection to the insulation from moisture, before installing the flooring, it is recommended to lay a vapor barrier membrane with an overlap of the bands at least 10 cm. You can also smoke the joints of the plates when laying, providing complete tightness of the draft floor. After that, it remains only to lay the finish coating and consolidate the plinths.

Prices for mineral wool "Rockvul"

mineral wool Rockvul

Prepare everything you need in advance:

• polystyrene foam plates;
• reinforcing mesh;
• profile for beacons;
• rule;
• glue;
• damper tape;
• cement and sand for a solution.

Step 1. Concrete floor is carefully cleaned from dust and garbage. On the perimeter of the room glue the damper tape.

Step 2. Take the first plate of the insulation, they apply glue in the center and in the corners, stacked on the floor and pressed his hands over the entire surface. The next slab is fixed with the first, tightly pressing on the seam. In the same way, it is laid all to the end, if necessary, cutting up the extreme slab.

Step 3. The first plate of the second row is cut to perform styling with displacement of seams. Further installation is carried out in the method described above. If a second layer of insulation is required, the upper plates are placed so that they completely overlap the seams in the lower layer.

Step 4. Putting over the insulation reinforcing mesh made of metal rods. A 20-30 mm should remain between the edges of the grid and the walls.

Council. Before laying the grid, it is recommended to close the insulation with a dense polyethylene film, sinking the joints of the scotch bands. It is not necessary to protect the insulation from moisture (polystyrene foam is moisture-resistant material), and in order to avoid seeping the solution into the joints between the plates and the formation of air emptiness in the screed.

Step 5. The reinforcing grid lay out profile beacons and fix them with a small amount of solution. It is very important here to set beacons by level, because it depends on the fatty gender. All beacons must be strictly horizontal and located in the same plane.

Step 6. We mix the solution and pour it between the beacons. Next, using the rule, the mixture is stretched along the beacons and level. If the excavations were formed, it is necessary to add another solution. The thickness of the screed is made within 4-6 cm.

After leveling the surface, the screed is left to dry. When the solution rises well, you should carefully remove the lighthouses and close the grooves with a fresh cement mixture.

While the floor dries, it must be protected from direct sunlight and drafts, and the first days 10 periodically moisten to the screed.

Today, at the arrangement of a private house, the floor is increasingly making wooden. This is due to the fact that the tree has excellent heat insulating properties. But at the same time he is still not able to withstand the cold air, which seeks a house from under the ground. Thus, living in such a house is uncomfortable, and also it leads to a decrease in his service life due to clusters in the underground condensate. To solve all these problems, it is necessary to carry out insulation of the floor in a private house.

Applied materials

Keramzit and sawdust

These materials today are considered the most affordable in terms of cost and ease of installation. The process of insulation is performed by snowing the material between pre-laid lags. It is sawdust most often used to insulate the floor in a private house, as it is an environmentally clean material. Although he has its drawbacks - this exposure to rodents.

Wood floor insulation sawdust

Mineral wool

This thermal insulator also uses high demand, but compared with sawdust in its composition there are chemical compounds. So for those who are important to the environmental factor, it is necessary to take another option. If thermal insulation works will occur in a room with an increased level of humidity, then before laying Minvati will have to take care of the installation of the waterproofing layer. It is extremely important, because when penetrating the water of water, it will lose its heat insulating qualities.

Mineral wool for insulation

To the advantages of Minvati should be attributed:

• fire resistance;
• resistance to biological and chemical influences;
• excellent heat and soundproofing qualities.

Release Minvatu in plate format, while one surface is harder than another. It is indicated by a blue stripe. When insulation, it is important to take into account and lay the thermal insulator with the most solid side up. The layer thickness is 200 mm.

Isolon

In the manufacture of this material also use mineral fibers. But compared with the previous insulation, it is accompanied by a higher hydrophobic capacity and low heat conductivity. Isolon is desirable to use for reliable thermal insulation of old wooden floors.

Cellon for insulation

One of the most popular types of Izolon remains the insulation of Rockvul. It is characterized by similar properties with isolon, but only in the composition there is a basalt wool, thanks to it, a high coefficient of noise insulation is achieved. The thickness of the mounted layer is 2-10 mm. But how is the insulation of the floor in a wooden house at the bottom of the isolon, you can read

Polystyrene foam

This material is most often called foam. It belongs to the category of budget, and also creates a reliable barrier from moisture, is a solid material. It has excellent thermal insulation indicators, and a long service life.

Polystyrene foam on floor

It is allowed to use in thermal insulation of various premises, as it does not carry any harm for the human body. It is easy to work with it, and it preserves the original shape perfectly. In addition, the foam is not affected by rodents. The thickness of the layer should be at least 20 mm. It will also be useful to learn how to insulate concrete floor by polystyrene, and what should be paid

Penophol

Penofol is the material that is represented in the form of foam, foil polyethylene. He has a closure structure. In the assortment of construction stores, the Penophol presents the following types:

Plywood

Currently, plywood can be released several grades, including:

All of them differ in each other by such a criterion as the level of resistance to moisture. But due to this level as indicators:

• type of glue used;
• the type of coating that is applied to the top layer of each sheet.

The highest level of resistance to moisture has FSF Plywood Plywood. But it is used most often in rooms with a high level of humidity, unheated.

How to insulate below

To create a reliable barrier from heat loss, you need to carry out insulation of the floor from below, sticking to the following plan:

Make events from above

To carry out thermal insulation of the floor from above, it takes a high-quality, warm and thick substrate based on polypropylene or cork. On top of this material and the flooring flooring occurs.

To get high-quality floor insulation in a private house, you must take care of a new additional level. So in the floor to fasten the lags that were treated in advance with an antiseptic. Between lags Mount the selected heat insulator. As a rule, they will use Minvatu. Then the floor is closed with plywood or chipboard, and on top of them you can install any floor covering.

On video insulation of wooden floor from above:

The only minus of such a coating remains the costs of money, time and strength. In addition, the height of the room will decrease, since the floor will become higher. And this is a direct path to raising thresholds and doors.

Events not rot

If your task is the insulation of the floor in order to prevent its rotting, it is important to choose the problem correctly. For these purposes, thermal insulator with an increased level of moisture resistance.

Heat insulator with high moisture resistance

The highest quality in this regard are insulation such as clamzit and polystyrene foam. The first has a ceramic shell that does not absorb moisture and low heat conductivity. Polyfoam has similar qualities.

Features of the warming of the old house

Most often, clamzit is used as a heater for the floor in a private house, as it has excellent indicators of moisture resistance and thermal insulation. To carry out heat-insulating work in the old house, you need to adhere to such instructions:

1. Remove the old flooring and fasteners.
2. Fall asleep, align and produce a rambling a pillow of sand. The layer thickness will be from 100 mm.
3. To lay a layer of waterproofing using dense polyethylene.
4. Remove the level on the floor and on the gypsum solution. Arrange guide lighthouses. When the mixture becomes solid, and the level is finally set, you can move to the laying of the heat insulator. The thickness of the layer should be above 100 mm.
5. Treat waterproofing with a mixture of cement and water. Thanks to this, all subsequent works will occur easier.
6. Floor reinforcement is the necessary work, thanks to which it is possible to minimize deformations leading to the destruction of the screed.
7. The fill is made carefully and neatly, otherwise you will have to engage in floor alignment.
8. The flooded floor fully solids in 28 days. But it will be possible to walk along the coating after 7 days.

In this video you will be told how to make warm wooden floors in a private house:

Works on lagas

This type of insulation is characterized by its simplicity, but at the same time high efficiency, as it is possible to largely reduce the loss of thermal energy.

Procedure Next:

1. Run the installation of wooden lag.
2. Attach the shields on the boards, which will later be labeled the heat insulator. They should be asked below.
3. Between lags, laying of insulation, giro- and vaporizolation.
4. In conclusion, the installation of genital boards and final finishing with floorpads occurs.

Perhaps you will also be interested to learn how at home and what insulation is worth using.

Features of the insulation of houses on the pile foundation

Before starting thermal insulation work, it is necessary to carefully prepare the surface, eliminating all the garbage. Now fashionably move to the installation of lag for the base on the two sides. Go with an antiseptic. At the same time, make sure that the floorboard must necessarily concern all the lag without exception. But the fasteners themselves should be performed on both sides in a corner on each.

Upon completion of these works, you can move to the arrangement of the draft floor layer. It serves so that between the lags it is possible to lay the heat insulator. To obtain a draft coating, it is worth using a cutting board with a cross section of 100x25 cm.

First you need to fasten the bars of 5x5 cm below and across the lag. Space to share several zones. Attach the boards on the windband membrane. This will create reliable moisture protection, which is formed due to a sharp temperature difference. You can try to apply

On the video insulation of the floor at home on the pile foundation:

The membrane fasteners exercise in 20-25 cm increments between lags. At the same time, it is necessary to go to them. Now you can go to the direct installation of the insulation itself. It is necessary to do it in 3 layers. At the end, it is all setting the membrane and put the finishing floor.

Working with wooden floor in the bath

During the construction of modern baths, the foundation is performed. This suggests that there is a need to arrange a draft and finishing gender. The process of the cleaning floor device is performed with a flow slope. Its laying occurs on lags with a gap at the walls of 3 cm.

Be sure to pave a layer of a vaporizolizing membrane. The waterproofing layer must be on the entire surface of the draft floor. The laying is carried out, and the fastening is performed using a tape.

After that, you can lay insulation. It is best to use polystyrene foam. It does not absorb moisture, which is important for premises with a higher level of moisture. The plates of the heat-insulator are mounted between lags so that the top of 2 cm ventilating gap. It is also worth familiar with the information on how to use and which it is used for the walls of the house outside under siding.

On the video insulation of the floor in the bath:

The next layer involves laying the waterproofer, which creates a barrier to penetrate water to the insulation. Laying the finishing gender is carried out from outcutaneous headboards, and then they are treated with water-repellent and antiseptic impregnation.

Today, more and more often, in order to reduce heat loss, people are engaged in sex warming. You can not fulfill all the work in the course of building the building, and even after. Choosing a suitable heat insulating material, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions, operating conditions and the level of humidity.

In any building, the floor is usually the most problematic part, since the penetration of cold air masses through it with well insulated walls is quite likely. It will not help to solve the problem or an excellent heating system or carpeted coatings. Wooden floors are more vulnerable.

The most logical solution will be the correct insulation of the floor with the help of special materials, but first of all it is worth examining the features of the structure of the wooden flooring.

Features

Even the proper laying of the genital boards without cracks and gaps over time comes out due to the features of the wood structure. Boards can develop, and heat loss is inevitable. Through the floor, not subjected to reconstruction, takes up to 30% heat, so It is necessary to warm the wooden floor, but it is worth remembering the features of this work.

The wooden floor consists not from some boards, it has a more complex device. The base of the floor is lagows, which are wooden bars. They are attached to either a rough floor, consisting of untreated boards, plywood, chipboard, and is the basis for finishing coatings (laminate, parquet), or a clean floor, the basis of which is the treated board.

In order for the floor to be comfortable, various types of insulation are used, but for the normal operation of one insulation is not enough - it is necessary to use waterproofing layers.

Their presence is necessary, since excessive moisture content of space contributes to the formation of fungus and insect development, destroying a wooden structure.

Warmed premises

Most often, wooden floors are present in private facilities, and therefore it is important to know how to insulate the wooden floor in a rustic house. And it depends on many factors. First of all, this is the construction time. If the house is new, then You need to wait the time you need to shrink wood design (6-7 months). If the house is old, then after dismantling old coatings, it is necessary to pay attention to the wear of the lag, removing the rotten, even partially, bric.

When choosing a material for thermal insulation in a rustic house, it is necessary to take into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and the height of the ceiling, the surface view, the option of placement of the floor design, temperature and humidity of the room, the load, and, of course, the purpose of the house. Each of these factors directly affects the choice of material.

The ceiling height in a rustic house for efficient and economical heating should be within 2.35-2.50 m. The height of the room after laying the insulation should not be less than 2.35 m, otherwise the space will not be very comfortable, and above 2.5 m to avoid increasing heating costs.

The thickness of the insulation depends also on the purpose of the house. For houses used in the summer, you can do the insulation with a thickness of 5 cm, and for the house, to operate which will be constantly, it is better to purchase a thickness of at least 20 cm.

The selection of the material is directly dependent on the design of the floor, as it affects the installation method. There are several types of flooring:

• Laying the flooring was produced either at a short distance from the soil, or on a special subfocation. And that and the other flooring is laid without ventilating.
• The flooring is located above the basement or cellar with high humidity.
• The flooring is located on the lags, downstairs there is a pile foundation with a grille.
• Laying flooring on lags, downstairs is a ventilated basement with good air ventilation due to the presence of blood production.

When choosing a material for a village house, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the insulation itself. In addition to thickness, such characteristics are of great importance. environmental safety, fire resistance, insulation service life.

For the insulation of the floor in the toilet, located in a private wooden structure, it is worth not only to take into account the above characteristics of the insulation, but also take care of the waterproofing of the underground space of this room, as well as consider the ventilation system.

Warf wooden floors can also be an apartment. The choice of material and the installation method will depend on the floor of the apartment. For the first floor, where the ground or basement is located nearby, insulation will be both from the side of the apartment and from the basement in the presence of such. For floor insulation by 2, 3, 4 or 5 floor, the material is stacked only by the apartment.

In a private house, the insulation of the floor on the 2nd floor it makes sense only if one or another floor is not heated, or during the construction of the first floor, more warm materials were used compared with the second, as a result of which the temperature difference occurs.

Floor floor

Floor insulation can be produced by different methods. The choice of method depends on the initial state of coatings, location or absence of utility rooms.

The simplest, reliable and most often used is the method of warming on lags. It is suitable for floating floors for both private wooden facilities and floors located in apartments located on the 1st floor. In this case, the principle is valid in which the coating is divided into piston and rough.

Wood floor insulation occurs due to the consistent laying of various materials.

The rough layer consists of wooden boards docked with lags. From the bottom of the boards there are cranial bars running along each lag. The lags themselves are bars that fit along the entire surface of the floor at a certain distance from each other, as a rule, from 0.6 to 1 meter. They can be attached to the foundation of the building, be embedded in the base of the facilities, fasten on beams or fixed on the erected stakes from durable material (brick, concrete, stone).

The vaporizolation layer is laid on the draft floor and above the lag. It is only needed when using a certain type of insulation, and the insulation itself lays between the lag. The gap between the insulation and the vapor barrier layer should be at least 4-5 cm. This value ensures proper ventilation of space. With a lack of height of the lags, the counterbashers are stuffed.

If the structure stands on the territory where high groundwater is present, instead of a vapor barrier layer, it is necessary to put a waterproofing layer that will not give to wet the insulation. In addition, some types of insulation do not need the presence of a vapor insulating layer.

It will also help to get rid of high humidity. Installation of the house of special blood components installed in a step of 4-5 m and the exhaust pipe is also helped. The presence of these elements contributes to good air circulation and increases the efficiency of work insulation work.

It is possible to insulate the wooden floor and without dismantling the old coating with a linoleum on a jut or felt basis, but it is better to use it not as an independent view of the insulation, but as an addition to the warm floor. This is a durable and lightweight coating in the installation performs the function of waterproofing.

Another way of insulation without dismantling is a liquid foam, which drives under the floor through the holes with a special device. But using this method, it is worth remembering that The filling of space occurs unevenly, and therefore this option is not perfect.

How to choose the right insulation

All types of materials of natural or artificial origin, used for wood heating, divided into:

• fibrous;
• foamed;
• falling;
• cellular stone.

Any insulation has both advantages and disadvantages.

The most common and affordable material is mineral wool. The insulation of the floor of the Minvata has a lot of advantages. This material, in addition to its direct purpose, has very high noise insulating properties, has good fire resistance, has a low thermal conductivity. This eco-friendly material is easy to arrange and has different forms of release (rolls, mats), which is important to consider when choosing.

A variety of mineral wool is the insulation of the brand "Eaulet"manufactured by Finnish manufacturers for more than 20 years. The basis of this material is fiberglass. The insulation of the "escape" will save the wooden structure from the development of fungi, bacteria, the invasion of rodents and insects.

But this material has its own minuses. First of all, there are bad moisture resistance to them, so it is better to use mineral wool in combination with a waterproofing layer.

Unlike mineral wool, the foam is poorly passes water. This light non-toxic material is not prone to deformation due to the effects of temperature differences. Having even a small thickness, it does not lose its good thermal insulation properties. But he has some drawbacks. In the first place is the fragility of the material, so the paddown material must be made as accurately as possible.

Durable expanded polystyrene has improved characteristics. In addition to high indicators of noise insulation and low thermal conductivity, the material features increased strength. Installation of extruded polystyrene foam, in addition to insulation, protects the house from the invasion of rodents and the development of mold fungi.

Playproof Roll Materials Clear or Penofol have a small thickness, and therefore cannot provide the necessary degree of insulation. Most often these materials are used with others. Penofol or isolon is paved with a rough surface of the floor using it as a waterproofing layer that the insulation is stacked.

Bulk materials used as a heater, such as clay and sawdust, are used for structures without basement.

Floor insulation sawdust makes it possible to save, as sawdusts have a low cost. In addition, the form of this insulation allows you to fall asleep even the most hard-to-reach places. Very often, the sawdust is combined with other substances to enhance thermal insulation, antiseptic and other properties.

The gearbox is insulated with a clay in the case of the immediate proximity of the soil. This light material has a porous structure, due to which, in addition to thermal insulation, good sound insulation is ensured. He is not afraid of temperature drops, and even an inexperienced person will cope with installation.

Warming technology

After analyzing the design of the floor, it is necessary to consider the best solutions for a particular room. There is a definite sequence of floor insulation, suitable for both lagham insulation and without them.

First, it is necessary to dismantle the old coating if the process of insulation occurs in the old room, and put or replace lags. Then get to laying the draft coating, which is stacked by the waterproofing or vapor barrier layer. Its edges should be on the walls by 15-20 cm, and the joints must be punctured by scotch.

Even at the design and construction phase, it is necessary to think about how to insulate the floor in a private house. Create comfort and comfort. He has depends on the health of residents of the house and the state of home interior.

Floor insulation can be carried out using several insulation. Each of these materials has its own laying technology. What to insulate the floor can be declared after it is studied and the possibility of using insulation.

As an outdoor insulation, use:

• mineral wool;
• polystyrene foam or penplex;
• ceramzit.

The better the floor insulation, you can decide after finding out all the advantages and disadvantages of each insulation.

Styrofoam

Common material that is used widely used for insulation of different areas.

Its application is due to a number of benefits:

• cheap material that can be bought in any construction store;
• has a small weight;
• moistureproof, as a result of which long retains its characteristics;
• it has a porous structure, resulting in easily processed. You can cut any forms and sizes;
• low thermal conductivity.

At the same time, there are some drawbacks, because of which sometimes refuse to use it. These include:

• the material lights up quickly and burns well, highlighting a baby gas. It is seriously drained;
• with violation of steam insulation and waterproofing, during operation begins to collapse.

Painoplex is a subspecies of foam. It is characterized by a more dense form than the foam. It is distinguished by increased resistance to mechanical loads and temperature drops. The disadvantages include the fact that the material, compared to the foam, is not cheap.

Mineral wool

For the insulation of the house with their own hands, the most popular material is mineral wool. Mineral wool call materials for thermal insulation, which are made of inorganic components and have a fibrous form. They are made of a mixture of rocks, glass and waste slags.

The mixture of these components, followed by heating and the formation of the thread, determines the process of producing mineral insulation. It can be glass gamble, stone wool or slag wool. The name of the material depends on the filler, which is used for the production of fiber.

For release, the glass gambles are combined in concrete proportions boring salt, sand, lime and soda. After smearing the cast iron, a domain slag remains, which is added to the release of slag. Basalt minerals predominate in the stone car. These materials have almost identical heat-protective indicators, fire resistance, thermal conductivity and density. Mineral wool is inexpensive and sold in building materials stores.

One of the types of mineral wool is an eclaw. This is a more purified and high-quality type of glass gambled, made of environmentally friendly components.

The insulation of the floor of the mineral wool has several significant advantages. These include:

• simplicity of installation of material;
• the insulation has a high fire resistance, does not burn and does not tweet;
• it is easily processed, with the result that the plates can be cut into the desired shapes and sizes;
• after deformation, the initial dimensions and shape can take. This is convenient when filling in hard-to-reach voids;
• it has good noise absorption indicators;
• high level of energy saving;
• minor weight;
• long period of operation.

Despite the significant advantages, the thermal insulator owns several shortcomings. These include:

• working with this heat insulator can sometimes cause allergies. Long exploitation turns fibers into fine dust. You can avoid this with reliable insulation of the material during its installation;
• in case of insulation, the material absorbs moisture well. As a result, initial thermal insulation characteristics are lost and the need to unscheduled repair arises;
• during the installation of plates from Minvati, it is recommended to wear special protection tools (respirator or vanity-gauze bandage for respiratory organs, glasses for protecting the eyes, gloves and clothing to protect the skin).

Despite the disadvantages, the insulation of the Minvata remains the most frequent way of thermal insulation. Proper insulation of the floor will avoid these shortcomings.

Ceramzite insulation

Ceramizite is called porous granules made from a mixture of clay, sand and small natural stone, followed by burning.

A characteristic feature of this floor insulation is the ability to maintain its heat insulating parameters in a humid environment. Popular it was made by a few positive qualities:

• high thermal conductivity;
• resistance to temperature differences;
• has a high fire resistance, does not burn;
• the ability to withstand significant mechanical loads;
• long period of operation exceeding 40 years;
• environmentally friendly material;
• ease of work;
• minor weight;
• strength.

The disadvantages include large volumes of material for insulating work. To forget about the cold floor, a layer of clay in different criteria should be from 10 to 50 centimeters.

Features of insulating work

A private house can be built directly on the soil or it can be a full-fledged house with a basement.

If there is a soil below the underground, low temperatures and moisture are used to the floor and the bottom of the walls, which seeps against groundwater. Cold floors in a private house can cause the appearance of mold and fungal wall diseases, regardless of the material from which they are manufactured. The consequence will be a constant unpleasant smell, rotting and destruction of the material from which the walls are made. In winter, the degree of primerization of the soil increases, which further affects the temperature of indoors and the state of the floor, which will become icy.

The insulation of floors in a private house depends on many factors. These include: material, walls of the house (brick, concrete, logs, frames), number of floors, floor bases (ground, cement, wood).

A major role in the insulation of the floor of the private house plays the height of the base, the presence of an external insulation and moisture protection. The presence in the house of the basement is important. It takes the heat from the floor. If there is a basement, it is necessary to insulate its ceiling.

Warming of basement ceiling

Works begin with a thorough inspection of the entire surface of the ceiling. All cracks, detachments are examined and the status of the ceiling and the amount of necessary work is carried out.

The process of insulation includes:

• stripping all roughness and bloatings;
• flooding of the plaster of all cracks, voids, depression. Alignment of the ceiling;
• with the help of a perforator and attachment "umbrella", installation over the entire surface of the plates of foam;
• application of adhesive composition and, if necessary, finishing material.

The reinforcing grid may not be installed, since the mechanical loads are not provided on the ceiling.

Floor insulation in a private house is carried out based on the floor material. It can be insulated on concrete coating, on lags or soil.

Chernovaya Pol

What to do if the ground floor is in the house. It contains a high level of moisture, due to the presence of groundwater. Before heating the floor of the polyfoam, it is necessary to cover the ground, create a draft floor.

For roughing equipment, it is necessary:

• Prepare a pitual, which should be below the level of the estimated first floor.
• Protect the base from moisture. To do this, equip the substrate.

With drainage equipment, it is necessary to put a sandy layer on the bottom of the bottom, 5-10 cm thick. Over sand layer, 10-15 cm thick, from the graffer of a medium size or broken brick. Crushed stone or broken bricks until it dives in the sand. On top of the rubble, put another sandy layer, a thickness of 5-10 cm, and the tamper of it.

• From the reinforcing wire to make the grid and install it over the substrate. The reinforcing grid is made of wire, a thickness of 6-10 mm, with a cell size of 10x10 cm. Crossing the wires are attached to a knitting wire.
• Pour the cement mortar layer. The layer thickness must be 10-15 cm.
• Leave the floor to stick.

After 5-7 days, the draft floor will type initial strength and will be ready for insulation.

Foam insulation

The heat insulation of the floor by foam is performed in the following sequence:

• On the draft floor it is necessary to lay a waterproof membrane. The membrane bands must overlap each other on a width of 10 cm. The location of the overlap is stuck with a wide scotch.
• It is necessary to lay foam plates on the waterproofing material. Each new row should be shifted towards the previous half. This will create a chess order of laying plates.
• From the reinforcing wire you need to make the grid and install it over the plates of foam. The reinforcing grid is made of wire, a thickness of 6-10 mm, with a cell size of 10x10 cm. Crossing the wires are attached to a knitting wire. The grid is recommended to fasten at a height of 3-4 cm from the foam. After the fill, it will be inside the solution.
• In the foam, it is necessary to stick nails, 8-10 cm high. They determine the level of the cement mortar.
• Pour cement mortar and give to frozen. Fully solution freezes from 4 to 5 weeks.
• The frozen floor must be covered with a vaporizolation membrane. The membrane bands must overlap each other on a width of 10 cm. The location of the overlap is stuck with a wide scotch.
• On top of the vaporizolation protection, it is necessary to put a wooden grille and install an outdoor coating on it.

The grille under flooring performs the role of an additional ventilated space.

The floors of the lower floors and the floors that are overlapping between the floors, are insulated by the same principle, regardless of the insulation material.

Warming with clay

The principle of insulation with clay is absolutely identical to the foam. An important feature is the magnitude of the granules of the ceramisite and the thickness of the insulating layer.

For good insulation, it is recommended to use medium-sized granules, which should form a thermal insulation layer, a thickness of at least 10 cm. The clamzite layer should be smooth. For verification, a construction level is used. The height of the layer is determined by the predetermined signal beacons.

Floor insulation Minvata

In this case, the laying of the thermal insulator is carried out between the lags, which lie at home. If there is no lag, and before us a draft cement floor, then the framework will be necessary. It can be made of wooden boards or plasterboard. The sizes of the frame cells are recommended for the size of the insulation plates. It will eliminate from the need to cut the insulation plates of the required size.

The heat insulation of the floor is performed in the following sequence:

• It is necessary to establish a waterproofing film.
• Between lags or in a frame cell you need to put minvatu.
• After laying the insulation, the entire surface should be covered with a vaporizolation membrane. The membrane bands must overlap each other on a width of 10 cm. The location of the overlap is stuck with a wide scotch.
• Over the vaporizolation protection, it is necessary to put a wooden grid
• Install the finishing floor.

A vapor barrier membrane will further protect the room from microparticles that are allocated by the Ministry of Service.

Conclusion

One person is able to cope on their own work, if he knows how to warm the floor. The main criterion in the work is to comply with the technology of work. Therefore, the insulation of floors in the house is complex process, but fulfilled.

It would seem that for unprecedented - the insulation of sex with their own hands? Successing the ceramisita or put the foam in the collapse of the crate - that's all.

But it happens, and often that winter comes, and the warming in the room is not felt. And then - spring, and from the floor on the walls of mold or moculation crawling. And then the floor begins to play, and even then - fall.

All this means that the floor was insulated to sleep, ill-conceived and without taking into account all the circumstances. Floor insulation technology is based on the knowledge of the thermodynamics of the floor, which is not easy. Let's try to figure it out and we.

Mechanisms of heat transfer and their value for the floor

As you know, there are three heat exchange mechanisms: direct heat transfer, infrared radiation and convection. For heat outflow through the floor, the first two are the main value. Convection or not at all does not have, or very weak. But if it appeared, then her littleness with an excess "compensated" by its harm: convective streams somewhere will find their way out, let a microscopic crack, and it will become a focus of propagation of rot and mold. In such cases, they say that the floor "whistle".

The heat transfer is reduced by applying poorly conductive materials, but the heat radiation is more difficult to cut off: completely opaque materials for it are most often either well carried out heat themselves (polished metals), or not durable and short-lived (foamed materials and plastics). Meanwhile, heat recovery through the gear through infrared radiation may exceed the direct heat transfer.

The most effective way to combat infrared radiation is multilayer shielding. The principle is simple: the screen absorbs infrared radiation on the one hand, from the side of the fall of its stream, and re-ends in both directions. Even if the screen is an absolutely black body (reflection coefficient \u003d 0), then through itself it will miss only half the heat radiation stream, and the half will reflect backwards.

Suppose the screen is an aluminum foil with a plastic coating; The reflection coefficient is approximately 70%. These 70% such a screen will retain in the room immediately, and from the remaining 30% half, 15% will return back. Will leave only 15%, i.e. The screen will weaken the heat outflow of 6.67 times. The second layer is 6.67 times, and in total - 44.4 (6.67x6.67). If the original heat flux was 1 kW / sq. M, which is more than from the sun on a clear summer day in medium latitudes, then only 22.5 W / sq.m will leave, and the shielding efficiency will be 97.75%.

It is facilitated by the fact that many materials and substances reflect infrared radiation well enough. For example, soot, photographed through the infrared light filter, looks like a light gray, and almost black foliage of tropical trees - silver. But any granular and fibrous materials, on the contrary, are well absorbed by thermal radiation: repeatedly reats in the cavities between the granules and the fibers, the rays give their energy to the material, heging it. At least half of the heat will return back, but for good shielding of the layers will need a lot.

Conclusions:

1. For heat insulation, any suitable and poorly conductive materials are suitable for the heat insulation.
2. The heat insulation of the floor should be carried out layered.
3. Bulk, porous and fibrous materials in the heat insulation structure of the floor should be placed on the cold side so that the previous layers manage to return back to the room as much heat emission.

Dew point

Recall: percentages of humidity that the hygrometer shows is relative humidity. It shows how much air is saturated with moisture to its condensation and the formation of fog (100% relative humidity). Absolute humidity is a volumetric percentage of water vapor content in the air. For example, 1% of absolute humidity means that in 1 cu. The air is contained 10 liters of water vapor.

"The moisture capacity" of air with increasing temperature increases, i.e. If relatively dry warm air cool, it can be saturated with moisture before it condenses and falls out. That is why the hot dried desert air, carved into the surrounding mountains of the wind, nourishes moisture the local glaciers, and those, in turn, give rivers, moisturizing the oasis of the desert.

The temperature at which its condensation begins at a given absolute humidity, and is called a dew point. For heat engineering calculations, it is convenient to turn around, bind absolute humidity to the temperature. In this case, they talk about the temperature of the dew point.

The dependence of the temperature point of the dew on the absolute humidity is described as a whole to the logarithmic function, but for the "conditional and room" range of temperatures, it can be approximated by three hundred straight in four points:

• 0 degrees Celsius - 0.7% of absolute humidity;
• +20 degrees - 1.8% of absolute humidity;
• +32 degree - 3% absolute humidity;
• +38 degrees - 4% absolute humidity.

Dew point

If the dew point falls inside the insulated floor, even with microscopic voids, then condensate will fall into them. Due to the "Effect of an empty bottle" (this is an interesting thing, but it will be not too appropriate to describe it in this article) Condensate will accumulate in the floor, he will stop insulating and becomes a source of reference to the room. That is why the insulation of the premises is strongly recommended primarily outside, but there are no outer floors.

Dew and health point

The temperature point of the dew is important not only and not so much for the floor. The comfort of the premises and the health status of its inhabitants also depends on it.

• Dew point temperature in +26 degrees Celsius is deadly for asthmatics.
• At a temperature point of dew in +24 degrees, physically strong healthy people breathe hard and lose disability.
• At the temperature of the dew point in +21 degrees, bed linen and clothing repense, all items seem sticky. Without a visible cause, colds begin.
• At the temperature of the dew point in +18 degrees in the room is stuffy, I want to open the window even in the frost, which is fraught with the same colds.
• The temperature point of the dew in +12 - +16 degrees is a comfortable range by humidity.

Conclusions:

1. When calculating the insulation of the floor, first of all, it is necessary to ensure that the dew point does not get inside the room.
2. Floor insulation follows it possible to make it harmful. Then the temperature gradient (the temperature difference per unit of floor thickness) will become less, "stretching", and the absolute humidity of air in the micropusts of the floor is leveled to insufficient to condensation due to the diffusion of moisture vapor.
3. See again with 3 out of the previous section.

Now, having familiarized yourself in principle with physical processes in the insulated floor, we turn to the materials and methods that can provide adequate insulation of sex in the apartment.

Materials

Vermikulitis

Vermiculitis is an environmentally friendly and absolutely harmless product of the processing of mineral raw materials: overwhelmed secondary minerals formed during the weathelation of dark micro-biotitis and flogopite - compressed in mixtures with silicates (liquid glass) and carbonate (limestone, dolomitic or marble flour) filler.

We are produced vermiculite with plates with a thickness of 20-60 mm, in the form of powder and paste for coating. Vermiculitic plates can be cut with a metal knife or a sharp mounting knife. Vermiculitis is not very difficult: one person can perform work on laying plates. According to strength, it is approaching foam concrete, and its heat insulating properties gives a picture of the drawing. The structure is dense, micro-foam closed, convection and accumulation of condensate are excluded. Durability - geological.

Unfortunately, this wonderful material, as a heater, not literally not a single drawback, quite expensive. And yet, for the insulation of the floor in a private house, a sufficiently secured host can be recommended unambiguously, and in other cases the possibility of warming the vermiculitis should be thoroughly thought out, especially since the granular vermiculite is cheaper and is quite suitable for the preparation of the granborcil (see below).

Note: also available vermiculite - loose slab material. It is great for expensive, but highly efficient warming of the walls and finds use in potted gardening as an absorbent and a watering moisture dispenser.

Mineral wool

Aluminist mineral wool

In Minvate there are no conditions for convection: microbilism, though open, but too small, and the air is stuck in them because of its own viscosity, so the direct heat transfer through the Minvatu is negligible, its cost is low. However, harm to health from laid open mineral wool is well known. In addition, from a permanent vertical load, at least insignificant, Minvata falls and loses heat-insulating properties, and moisture delays in itself quite intensively and at the same time it is also falling down.

However, mineral wool due to its cheapness, resistance to external influences and durability is often used for the thermal insulation of residential premises. There may be cases (like the wooden floor insulation described below in the national panel house) when an alternative to Minvate is only expensive vermiculite.

The insulation of the floor in the residential premises of mineral wool is made by special mats, sheets or rolled, or slabs closed from one or two sides by aluminum foil or metallized film (see Fig.). Warming open arrays Minvata is permissible only in non-residential premises or from the basement. But still, the aluminist minvat with an insignificant increase in the price of it has important advantages:

• Each layer of metal is a highly efficient thermal screen. One layer aluminated on both sides of mineral wool almost completely eliminates heat transfer.
• The revelation of infrared radiation from the screens in combination with the absorption in the Midvita array align the temperature gradient in the insulation. Put three layers - the dew point can be thrown out of the head.
• Aluminist mineral wool while complying with its laying technology (see Next) does not require separate vaporizolation.

Mats from aluminated minvati thinner open - from 6 mm, so in some cases can be used without a crate.

Mineral wool laying should be carried out by the respirator-petal and protective gloves. Under the marmoleum or floating floor from the traffic jam, the minvatu is placed in a solid layer; Between lags - extremely desirable plates in the size of the cell of the crate. In any case, the joints and edges of the plates are carefully sampled by a special scotch, to eliminate the air chase indoors that are destructive for the respiratory organs. Over time, the scotch will weaken, but the minvat will stop peeling.

Styrofoam

With the flooring of the first lagham (you can do about the device of such a floor) One of the best materials for insulation - foam. His advantages in this case are as follows:

1. Convection is excluded - the material is dense.
2. The reflecting ability in the infrared region is the same as in the visible - up to 90% and higher, so that the screening is not required.
3. Condensate is not formed: the material is solid.
4. Polyfoam is cheap, environmentally friendly.

However, the polyfoam is definitely and not racks to external influences. And in each honey barrel there is a spoonful of tar: just "too good" the insulating properties of foams do not guarantee from moving the dew point inside the room in buildings built from aerated concrete, seven, slag blocks, etc. Therefore, the insulation of the floor by foam can be recommended only as an additional measure in the premises sufficiently dry, and necessarily with plywood coating under the finishing decorative flooring.

Ceramzit

Keramzit - pellets of aluminosilicate composition; Simply - rounded pieces of burned clay. Environmentally friendly, harmless, cheap, very badly carries out heat, is durable, durable. The most common insulation under the screed (On the formation of all types of floor screeds).

The main disadvantage is high hygroscopicity: its own moisture absorption from 8% to 20% by weight, therefore, the clamite insulation of the floor requires well-thought-out and carefully accumulated vaporizolation. It can be used both as a backfill and in the form of a lung concrete filler instead of gravel.

The indisputable advantage of the insulation of the floor with a clamzite - in combination with the concrete screed, the drop in the dew point to the room is excluded and, if the walls and ceiling without cracks and not porous, can be used without fears for final insulation, use cheap and highly efficient foam.

Fibrous organic insulation

Such insulation is made of synthetic organic fibers, linen or jute fibers, often aluminated. Released plates or rolls, woven or loose. According to mechanical and heat engineering properties, the Minvat is identical and completely harmless, but natural from moisture rotate, and synthetic over time (5-12 years) are aging and falling down.

The scope of application is an additional insulation and a damper pad under laminate, floating cork flooring or marmoleum on plywood flooring without lag in rooms satisfying sanitary standards. Benefits - ease of work: the room can be insulated literally in an hour, using only the mounting knife and scotch.

Hypusolok

Hypus fiber () is designed specifically for the litter under the warm floor. For insulation, herself is not applicable: in a year or two picks moisture and loses its qualities.

Polyurene Foolder

- Natural variation on the "topic" of polyurethane foam

The insulation of polyurethane foam is carried out by spraying. A good way to everyone, but requires professional equipment with skills and expensive finishing.

Bulk insulation

An extremely simple way, and you can immediately lay decorative coating without lag. But the thermoplast mixture used for this is a very road. In this way, mostly floors in the private housing of the elite class.

Foam concrete and aerated concrete

Foam concrete is, in essence, "boiling" and immediately frozen soda in a suddenly open warm bottle. This is achieved by either the preparation of a cement-sand solution on a rich gas water and heating at the beginning of a setting, or a decay of the solution under reduced pressure in a vacuum chamber. Aerated concrete is prepared in air, but on nitrogen, which gives it additional durability and durability. Blocks and plates from aerated concrete can be used in the bearing structures of low-rise buildings.

As a thermal insulator, foam and aerated concrete is somewhat inferior to the vermiculite, but its stronger. For the price - cheaper, but for the insulation, it is still expensive and quite hygroscopic, approximately as a clamzite. For the insulation of the floor can be used if there are residues from construction and battle as a substitute for a ceramzite when drought under the tie.

Granborobeton

Foamflast concrete

Granborobeton in some way the terminological contradiction, since any concrete - granules with binding. Granborobetone is usually called cement-sandy solution with "unusual" granules: foam, vermiculite, clay, marble crumb, etc. Granborciletone with light substitutes of rubble is called light concrete.

For thermal insulation, a granborbon with foam or vermiculite granules is most often used. You can cook it yourself, a mixer for concrete in a bucket or trough. The heat insulating properties of high, convection and moisture condensation are excluded. Strength is slightly higher than in foam concrete. Polyfoamobeton is also inexpensive.

Preparation and use of granborciletone require a complete cycle of concrete works, so it is advisable to use it for thermal insulation in difficult cases, somehow the insulation of the floor on the first floor in the house with a wet basement, etc. As the top layer of a two-layer screed.

About vaporizolation

Parosolation of the floor should be carried out at the same time with thermal insulation, since comfortable temperature and humidity indoors are inextricably linked. A vaporizing film is placed either under the bottom of insulation, or on top of it, or between its layers. Its accurate location requires a heat engineering calculation by the parameters of a particular room, we will then give only general instructions. In any case, the vaporizolation needs to be placed by a solid layer, carefully smoking the joints of the pieces of film by construction (not domestic!) Scotch, and wrapping the walls by 10-15 cm above the base floor level.

On the thickness of isolation

The best tool to withstand a safe temperature gradient in the floor - stretch it in height. Therefore, the insulation of the floor should be done as thicker. If the height of the room and the thresholds, taking into account the netting of the floor, allow you to lay insulation at 12 and more cm - excellent, there will be no problems. To increase the thickness of the insulation, it is better to increase the thickness of the bellows, and make the thickness of the concrete layer the usual one. Otherwise, a pillow from a fibrous aluminated insulation should be provided under the Clean Floor; As a last resort, from the cheaper minvati with a scrupulous compliance with technology.

Floor insulation methods

Ground floor

The insulation of the floor of the first floor is the most difficult type of work of this kind: the heat transfer is large, and the likelihood of the basement is also. If there is access to overlapping from the basement, very good: you need to warm up from there with Minvata. The basement is a non-residential room, so mineral wool can be used the cheapest. Minvati mattes need to be laid in galvanized u- and c-profiles, arranged as well as the frame of a plasterboard ceiling (cm. ), with vapor barrier. Wooden frame in a wet basement quickly rotates and costs more.

It will be necessary to work together by three: when attaching profiles to the ceiling (which in this case, the ultrasound of your floor) need to hold the film; Profiles lay on her. The mats in the cells are held either a metal galvanized with a metal galvanized mesh, or a fishing line stretched in the form of a mesh - it does not rust and does not rot.

At the beginning and at the end of the heating season it will be necessary to conduct an audit of insulation: to reconcile the mattes and replaced unsuitable. With this method, the further insulation of the floor in the apartment is made by conventional methods.

Sheathing the ceiling insulation in the basement - then why it is worth starting work on the floor insulation of the floor of 1st floor (why - was said at the beginning of the article)

If it is impossible to get to its sex from under the bottom, then it all depends on the state of the base floor: if his screed crackled and crumbs - it is necessary. In case the base floor in a satisfactory condition, recommended insulation methods are as follows:

1. Remove floor layers and put into the cells of the crate to the aluminum Minvatu (strictly according to the technology!), Or vermiculite and again. If the base is dry, only cold, and the condensation of moisture in the room was not seen, it is possible to use organic insulation or foam.
2. Remove flooring with the crate, put it directly on the base additional vapor barrier and pour the second layer of the screed of foam plastic concrete at 30-40 mm, then completely overgrown the floor; You can without lag as described below. It will require more work, but will solve the problem once and forever.

Upper floors

The insulation of concrete floor in the apartments of the upper floors is easier – It is made according to the list 1 in the previous paragraph either as follows:

• Remove the old flooring.
• In the crate put aluminize insulation mats.
• On the lags, we put 12-16 mm plywood; In case of shawlings of 600 mm and more - 18-20 mm.
• We restore flooring.

Note: if the new flooring is self-acting (traffic jam, marmoleum), then mats can be at plywood. It is convenient if the plywood pillow on the crate was previously made.

Under warm floor

Under the warm floor on any floor, additional vapor barrier is required, above it layer a warm screed of 20-25 mm and insulation of aluminated mats in two layers. The reasons are more economic: not a radiator, which is the neighbors for their money from above to warm. Also, this method of preparing the premises for the installation of a warm floor does not require expensive gypsum and is available for self-execution.

Wooden floor

Wooden floor should be insulated not only in the private house of the team-shield design, but also in the country: the alignment of a temperature-humid gradient over the thickness of the lower flooring will not give fungal. At the same time, the main condition: vaporizolation is stacked on top of the insulation material, freely and with sinuses - the tree must breathe (see fig).

The only suitable material is an aluminist mineral wool. Vermikulitis, of course, will suit even better, but such a luxury for buildings with a service life of no more than 20 years is hardly justified. The floor of the country house can be inspected in the fall in the fall - it is cheaper. For the winter, the peeling of the material will stop, and it (the amount of solid particles in a unit of air volume) will fall to a safe value for the premises of this class.