A visit to the bath is not only a way to get rid of weekly dirt, but also throw out extra kilograms or derive slags and toxins from the body. However, a beneficial effect on the body can only be felt with the correct ventilation device in the bath, which in most cases is far from perfect.

It would seem that in order to preserve heat and increase the room warming up the room, it is necessary to close all the cracks, and along the perimeter of the doorway, put the seal so that the door closes tightly and served the source of the intake of cold air. However, everything is exactly the opposite, since competently planned ventilation contributes to:

• creating a comfortable microclimate by deliverance from excess heat, humidity level, as well as reduced carbon dioxide concentration;
• the rapid warming of the room due to the mixing of the air masses, which is also accompanied by minimal fuel costs;
• protection of interior decoration, as well as the floor of the structure from the appearance of various kinds of mold, fungi, contributing to the occurrence of unpleasant odor;
• qualitative ventilating of all rooms of the bath extending the service life.

Thus, ventilation in the bath plays a very important role as for the preservation of a bunny building for a long operational period and for health benefits. At the same time, it is not difficult to choose the necessary type of ventilation system, since it will be necessary to choose from 2 sample systems.

Types of ventilation systems, their characteristics

Before you know how to make ventilation in the bath, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types and types of ventilation systems.

Based on the method of inflow / outflow of air, there are 2 types of ventilation systems, each of which has undeniable advantages and disadvantages.

Natural ventilation

Air exchange with a natural ventilation system occurs under the influence of natural factors without the use of additional equipment in the form of fans, electric motors.

Among the natural factors are important meaning:

• Wind head. The influx into a fresh air bath is carried out under the influence of wind strength through the slots in the walls, in the openings of the door, or windows from the windward side. In this case, the air intake is accompanied by simultaneous displacement through the existing gaps of discharged air masses, which accumulate inside the bath at the top of the opposite wall.

An increase in wind pressure entails an increase in the mass of discharged air, thereby improving the airborne room.

• Aeration. Cold air, entering a holled bath through an existing height from the floor, either specially arranged holes gradually displaces the hot air masses down, contributing to the uniform heating of the room due to the mixing of the air layers and the outflow of the contaminated air from the bath.

The advantages caused by natural ventilation in the bath are reduced to the following:

• safety associated with the lack of devices functioning from the network;
• easy, because small gaps in the doorway either on the wall are an integral part of a wooden bath;
• low cost, as there is no need to purchase additional materials, as well as pay for the cost of the functioning of such a system.

Among the shortcomings it is worth highlighting:

• ventilation efficiency is entirely dependent on external natural factors;
• lack of ability to adjust the degree of ventilation.

Thus, natural ventilation in a wooden bath for one family is enough, since the tree in itself is breathing material, and the cracks in a wooden structure in the process of dermiska still take place to form. At the same time, for full ventilation in a brick bath, it is better to stay on the artificial system, since the formation of gaps when using such a building material is rather rare.

Mechanical ventilation

Air exchange in the bath occurs independently of the influence of external factors of nature using various kinds of fans, pumps and other equipment that promotes updates and faster air warming.

Advantages of artificial ventilation:

• support for microclimate in the bath at a given level;
• the possibility of filtering the incoming air;
• adjusting the uniform distribution of the heated air masses indoors.

Disadvantages:

• higher cost relative to natural ventilation;
• labor complexity;
• noise during operation;
• energy consumed costs.

The system of forced ventilation in the bath, based on the task inherent in it, implies the use of such types of ventilation as:

1. Supply - provides access to the premises of the required amount of clean air. Typical system of artificial ventilation includes air duct, air intake grille, filter and air valve. However, the greatest effect of the structure of the supply ventilation in the bath is achieved due to the installation of the electric fan.

2. Exhaust - contributes to the removal of exhaust air from the bathroom by means of a system consisting of an air duct, lattice, electric motor, and a fan.

3. Supply-exhaust - a combination of functions of the supply and exhaust systems. At the same time, the distribution inside the bath of the air masses occurs by:

• displacement of hot air outside the room as a result of a gradual lifting of the newly incoming air vents of air masses;

• the mixing of hot and cold air due to the constant inflow of fresh air.

Regardless of the type of ventilation, the ventilation opening section should be 24 cm per 1 m³.

Thus, forced ventilation is several times higher than the ventilation system of natural type. Based on this, the artificial ventilation system acts as the most optimal solution to arrange the ventilation of the frame bath. At the same time, you should not forget that the supply and exhaust holes have a strictly ordered location relative to each other, and not chaotic.

Ventation Options

The intensity of the air exchange indoor baths largely depends on the correctness of the distribution of the ventilation holes in relation to one to the other. Despite the diverse options for alternative location of the holes for the flow / outflow of air, the following bath ventilation schemes have become the greatest popularity:

1. Air flow is carried out behind a heater through a hole located at a distance of 30-40 cm from the floor level. At the same time, the exhaust hole has a similar height, but is located on the opposite of the air flow and is equipped with a fan. The cold air entered the room hits the wall of the heater and rushes upwards, gradually breathing in the process of lifting. At the same time, the exhaust air begins to move down and under the action of the fan is displayed out. Such mixing of air masses leads to uniformity of air heating.
2. The principle of movement of air in the bath is similar to the first embodiment with the only difference that the height of the supply opening takes about 50 cm from the floor surface, and the exhaust is located at a distance of 10-20 cm from the floor line. In this way, an even more intense air exchange is achieved.
3. The supply hole is created at a distance of 30 cm from the finish floor in the wall located opposite the furnace. At the same time, the drawing functions performs the chimney, along with the mixture of the furnace. However, this scheme is valid only in the process of operation of the furnace.
4. The distance from the floor to the supply hole located in the wall opposite the furnace takes 20-30 cm. In this case, the extractor, equipped with a fan, is located on the same wall at a distance of 20-30 cm from the ceiling. The air flew to the room flies on an obstacle in the form of a furnace and begins to rise up, heating and outering polluted air as the lift.
5. Air flow occurs at a distance of 20 cm from the floor in the wall behind the furnace. The newly arrived air masses rise, gradually warming up, to the ceiling. As the air is cooling, the air is lowered down and moves through the floor slots, after which it gets into the ventilation pipe, and from there beyond the structure.

Thus, the exhaust hole can be located below the intake only in the presence of a fan.

Several excellent ventilation schemes in the bath, the video of which is presented below, will help make a final decision regarding their own design.

Ventilation device in the bath

Every year the design of the bath is complicated, creating more comfortable conditions for lovers to shake or just wash in a bath. If earlier the bathroom turned on the pre-banner and combined with a washing patch, then today the bath consists of 3-4 premises:

• pre-banker;

• washer;

• steam

• restroom.

Of course, the most important of them are the steam and washing. However, the ventilation system needs to be arranged not only in these premises, but also in the pre-tribades, as well as a rest room, since humidity applies to the premises adjacent to the room.

Steam

For ventilation, the bathrooms will suit any of the above schemes. However, before the furnace furnace, it is necessary to carry out a complete ventilation of the steaming by opening the door and all the ventilation holes for 5-10 minutes. After completing the ventilation, the door, as well as the exhaust holes close. When the temperature in the steam room reaches the required limit, you can slowly switch the exhaust hole by adjusting the intensity of the air exchange by means of the valve. At the same time, the diameter of the exhaust opening cannot be less than the supply, otherwise the inverse thrust will arise, as a result of which the air flow will be reduced. However, it is necessary to ensure that the air flow does not disrupt the temperature regime inside the steam room.

Wash

Along with the steam room, the washing room of the bath is also associated with a large amount of moisture, the timeliness of getting rid of which is very important because mold and dampness are destructively affect both the human body and the duration of the operation of the structure. Due to the fact that a large amount of water accumulates under the floor, in order to use the ventilation device in the washing bath, you can use an asbestos tube placed in the corner of the sink. At the same time, one end of the pipe should be between the clean and rough floors, and the second is displayed on the roof and is equipped with a deflector.

If the furnace is in the washing, then pissed the furnace below the first floor, will also play the role of good drawing.

Foundation

When planning the construction, it is necessary to immediately think about the ventilation of the foundation of the bath, since the laying of the ventilation holes occurs at the reinforcement stage of concrete. Asbestos pipes are completely suitable for creating holes for ventilation, which are strictly horizontally fixed in the outlined places through wire and rods of reinforcement, after which the pipes are covered with dry sand. At the same time, the distance from the ground level to the pipe should be at least 10-15 cm so that when climbing groundwater during the offseason, do not worry about the possibility of flooding. After fastening the pipes, the foundation is poured concrete. At the same time, sand is removed only after complete solidification of concrete. For normal fondami ventilation, there are enough 2-4 holes with a diameter of 10 cm, which are in opposite places. To protect against insect, the holes are protected by installing on the ventilation holes with a grid with a mesh.

Pregnant

An integral part of any bath is a pre-tribbon, where mini-dressing room is satisfied. In addition, the stove is fairly often located in the pre-banker. In most cases, this is due to the small area of \u200b\u200bthe steam or in order to prevent the accumulation of garbage directly in the steam room. At the same time, the furnace remarkably copes with the functions of ventilation in the Bath's pre-banker, because from the condensate steps that appears as a result of the door opening it is necessary to get rid of.

If there is no oven in the pre-banner, then after bath procedures, you can simply open the window or the door to the street and to ventilate the room.

An alternative version of the ventilation is the installation at the top of the wall, bordering the street, the exhaust hole equipped with a fan.

Based on the specific situation, one of several options for venting out the room is used. However, it is necessary to think over all the little things in the planning period.

Thus, to build ventilation in the bath with your own hands is not so difficult. The main thing is to carefully approach the planning process and correctly select the necessary type of ventilation system, in many ways depending on the structural features of the structure and location of the bath.

Kirill Sysoev

Cornish hands do not know boredom!

Content

Create an oasis of harmony among hot steam, the current river from shower water or mini-pools is not easy. Bath operation requires compliance with some subtleties at the construction stage. So that the increased humidity does not spoil the structure, and the fumes did not prevent the bath procedures, it is necessary to choose and make ventilation.

Ventilation in the bath - diagram and device

The influx and outflow of the air is the most important condition, since the air exchange is built on the balance of supply ventilation (fresh air) and exhaust - exhaust exit. Air flow movement can occur natural, forced or combined. From the right choice of the ventilation system will depend on the level of humidity, flow circulation, heat exchange. With violation of the circuit and the ventilation device, the microclimate will break in the bath, it will be difficult to breathe, and mold will appear on the walls. Soviets of experts will avoid this:

• The exhaust hole must be higher than the supply, because the cold air is heavier warm.
• It is not recommended to make a stretching hole on the ceiling, as this place warms up more slowly.
• The classic adjoining hole is near the oven and close to the floor.
• Bani ventilation should be built according to the principle: the supply holes are located on the opposite wall from the exhaust, while the flaps should be installed on the latter.

Ventilation in steam room

To find the right system, extending the life of the structure and finishing materials, should be dealt with the peculiarities of each type, and the ventilation of the steam room is the following types:

According to the principle of work	Features	Is it suitable for a bath?
Natural	The convection flow is formed due to the pressure difference between the street and the room, and the location of the supply and exhaust hole will interfere with normal warming.
Combined	Use of devices for pulling air; The absence of strict recommendations for the placement of the deduction makes this method one of the best.
Mechanical	Fresh air supply, temperature support special devices, but with all the convenience, the disadvantage of this method is considered high cost.

Ventilation in the pre-banker

The steam room with its high temperature is often surrounded by functional premises. Seeing the elements of the situation, support comfortable conditions, ensure the influx of air enriched with oxygen - these are the basic functions of ventilation in the pre-tribbon. If the steamer is used all year round, then you need to take care of the fan mounting, the ideal option is a forced (mechanical) system with an exhaust air output through a toilet or a washing compartment. Natural way - Open the lashes and windows are an unreliable way to ventilating the pre-banker.

Ventilation in bathing bath

Properly install the furnace, distribute the flow of cold and warm air is as important as it is important how to take care of other bath procedures. The desire to wash, rinsing with water, will require a careful approach to the arrangement of this place. So that dampness is not accumulated under the floor or in the walls, the ventilation is needed in the bathroom. The easiest option is to make a combined steam room and washing, and if these rooms are separate, it will require special equipment for removing condensate.

Ventilation in Bath Recreation Room

After active bath procedures, when the overheated air is relaxing the muscles, you want to rest. The ventilation device in the bathroom bath is almost no different from the general principles. With a small size of the room, where there is a pair of shelves, and the absence of contact with water can be arranged with periodicity to arrange a draft. If the room is large, then ventilation is needed for the bathroom bath. Among the latest technical developments, it is better to give preference to compact devices to ventilators.

Ventilation in a frame bath

Wooden floors have been rotting for a couple of years, if you do not take care of the ventsystem and drying. Even antiseptic processing will not cope with it as ventilation in the frame bath, providing the influx of fresh air. The diagram of the device of the natural ventilation system includes: Channels, a tube from the furnace, through a notch, forms, doors. The outlet in the bath is located on top, closer to the roof, while to regulate the flow it must be provided with a valve or damper. Forced ventilation in the frame of the frame is used where only one of the walls is outdoor.

Hood in a cut from a log

A traditional Russian steam room is obtained from a wooden bar, and if you correctly position the outstand, the direction of the air flow will create comfortable conditions. To ensure complete ventilation, the exhaust in the bath from the cut will still have to be equipped. The classic version involves the device of the natural air exchange scheme. The peculiarity of the Kamenki furnace, a shiber with a flue for chimney, fastening the fans to accelerate the air exchange - all this is necessary to eliminate the formation of a layer of condensate and draft.

How to make ventilation in the bath

Even at the construction stage, it will be necessary to provide the creation of a ventilation system. How to make an exhaust in the bath to support the microclimate? The logs of traditional steam rooms are laid with a gap, therefore the log gaps passes fresh air, and can be used with a draft. The ventilation system in the bath, from the foam block, or from other modern building materials, will require the component of the ventsy system with the necessary amount of supply and exhaust holes before the construction of the structure. Preference should be given a combined or mechanical scheme.

Ventilation Bast.

So that dry steam gave hot hugs, he could warm the floors and protect the walls from rot, the installation of ventilation Basta is produced as:

1. In the foundation of the building, they do not need special holes, you can make a wooden floor with slots. Equipment with glass door with three canopies, a good seal, magnet latch.
2. Install the electrical furnace of convection type, which will ensure the circulation mode of air flows on the principle of an inverted glass.
3. The inflow is done under the furnace, and the exhaust hole is under the shelf of 30 cm from the floor. Warm air will rise up the box under the clapboard and outward through the hole, which should be made on the opposite wall from the inflow (diagonally and as far as possible).
4. The heated air will fill the steam room, pushing cold to the bottom. If you make a channel with an adjacent room, the steam room will give part of the heat and him.

Sauna ventilation

The basics of the ventysystem are needed at the construction stage, because the remission of the finished building will cost more. A brief instruction on the design of the bathsystems of the bath looks like this:

1. The free location of the beads is allowed, so a combined or mechanical system is suitable, which includes hoods for a bath.
2. For a continuous fifth of fresh air, make a dosyne at the level of the half meter from the floor near the furnace, and the exhaust hole is on the opposite wall.
3. Be sure to install adjustable valves (shutter, sewage) on the influx and a tap for maintaining a microclimate.

Ventilation in the Russian bath

So that natural ventilation in the Parikin of the Russian bath contributes to the health effect, the following scheme must be followed by the following scheme:

1. Take care of the possibility of airing: a window, door, produced.
2. The top levels of the window and the doors must coincide, and above is a place for thermal pocket. For the volunteer ventilation of small pair of simple ventilation, it is enough to quickly update the air.
3. The chimney oven is a natural hood for a bath: the exhaust air will go on the box up, and the inflow is carried out through the slit at the bottom of the door.
4. For air exchange to equip the product: exhaust a hole under the ceiling, equip it with the door (damper), and make the inflow near the stove and install the ventilation grille.

Video: how to make ventilation in the bath

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Competently equipped ventilation system, with other things being equal, guarantees, firstly, the long service life of construction and finishing materials involved in the arrangement of the served premises, secondly, the comfort and safety of visiting the last for the user. In particular, the issue of the arrangement is full and sufficiently effective ventilation is in the bath, due to the characteristic temperature and humidity conditions and additional requirements for this kind of buildings.

Prices for Bath Fans

fan for bath

Video - Requirements for ventilation in the bath

The choice of the optimal variety of the ventilation system for the maintenance of the bath is a topic for a multi-hour discussion. For example, there is natural ventilation. The costs of money, time and effort on its arrangement are minimal - the work literally comes down to drump up holes in the walls, installation of boxes / pipes and valves / lattices.

Ventilation valve and grille
Ventilation lattices for bath and sauna

However, it is impossible to use natural ventilation to maintain all rooms. Of course, it would be possible to save, but the lack of such a decision will be apparent with the arrival of the first winter: together with the influx of fresh air from the street, the cold will go, and the combination of frosty air with humidity is known to everyone - everything around will simply freeze. Therefore, natural ventilation in some rooms must be combined with other existing options in other bathrooms.

If the bath is equipped with a waxing or even own pool, natural ventilation with the maintenance of such premises will definitely not cope - you will have to equip the exhaust system. And in general, the presence of forced inflow / outflow of fresh air will be useful both to visitors of the bath and its premises. Recommendations regarding the optimal composition of the air exchange system are shown in the table.

Table. Selection of ventilation system for different premises

Room	Recommended type of ventilation	Scheme	Description
Steam, Break or Restroom			Under aeration, an organized natural air exchange should be understood. The option is most optimally suitable for use in a bath: air intake is carried out from below the furnace (for other rooms - by 25-30 cm above the floor), the removal of spent - through the hole at the top of the room. The operation of the air exchange is based on elementary physical laws: cold air from the street displaces warm air masses having a smaller weight, up the room. Aeration is ideal for use in rooms with high heat generation rates. The presence of additional humidity contributes to an even more pronounced increase in the efficiency of the system.
Washing room, Bathroom, Pool room			The system is equipped with a fan and, if necessary, cleaning filters. Mechanical exhaust ventilation is ideal for use in the oil, a room with a swimming pool and other wet and frequently visited bathrooms. The mechanical extractority provides effective removal of unpleasant odors and excess moisture, which makes air in the serviced room safe and clean. It is impossible to use alone exhaust ventilation - air is formed. To compensate for the vacuum, air flow from the street or other rooms is placed. Along with this, the presence of supply ventilation will exclude the likelihood of drafts. The supply ventilation system can be both natural and mechanical. In a complex with mechanical exhaust ventilation, it is advisable to use the mechanical supply system, because The possibilities of natural influx may eventually be not enough to compensate for emerging resolutions. The basis of the mechanical supply ventilation is the discharge fan. Additionally, it can be equipped with an air heater, which will eliminate inconvenience and solve the problems of ventilating premises during the cold season. Additionally supplied air can be moisturized or cleaned with the help of appropriate devices. The mechanical system is more complex in the arrangement compared with its analogue working under the laws of physics: in addition to fans and air ducts, additional equipment and devices (diffusers, air distribution grilles, automation means, silencers, etc.) can be included in the system. This gives an excellent opportunity to arrange the air exchange system, fully relevant to the wishes of the user.

In Tamburas, warehouses and other premises of this destination make a natural exhaust.

Regardless of the selected type of ventilation system, conditions for simple ventilation must be present in the bath. Set adjustable windows in all rooms, the features of the location of which allow it to do.

Video - Types of ventilation systems

Instructions for independent calculation of air exchange

Elementary formula is used to calculate:

W (the required volume of fresh / waste air) \u003d k (the coefficient indicating the multiple of air exchange) x V (the volume of the service room is determined by means of the width of the room for length and height).

That is, you first need to calculate the volume of each room and find the required indicator of the volume of clean air (in the calculations, it is customary to designate WPR, i.e. tributary) and a similar indicator of the discharge air (indicated in the form of WW, outflow). At the same time, multiplicity coefficients must be taken into account. The calculated values \u200b\u200bare rounded upwards - the last digit in the number should be 0 or 5.

Next, the summation of all WPR is performed. A similar action is carried out for the found WBT. The amounts received are compared. If the total WPR value exceeds the total WPR indicator, it is necessary to increase the volume of the hood for the rooms with the minimum value of the air exchange, if on the contrary - to increase the influx for the missing value. That is, at the output, the sum of all WPR should be equal to the total value of the found WBT.

The results of the calculations produced will determine the optimal sections of the air ducts installed and select the appropriate type of the ventilation system. Thus, with the calculation of the volumes of premises and other associated data, no special problems will arise. For greater ease of subsequent processing, put the found values \u200b\u200binto a simple table, as in the example presented.

In the example above, the total value of WPR is less than the sum of all the found WW on an indicator of 110 m3. In order for the balance of the balance, it is necessary to ensure the influx of clean air in the missing quantity. This can be realized only in the pre-tribades. Thus, a value of 55 m3 for the pre-banner, shown in the table, should be replaced by an indicator of 165 m3. Then the balance will be respected.

Start the calculation of the air ducts installed and the structure of the structured ventilation system.

The ventilation system is designed in such a way that the air moves along the installed air ducts with the following speed indicators:

• ≤ 5 m / s in trunk channels and ≤3 m / s in existing branches - for mechanical ventilation systems;
• ≤ 1 m / s - for air exchanges operating on the natural principle;
• 2 m / s - for a natural air exchange directly in the steam room.

Choosing an air duct section, consider the above indicators. As for the profile of the box / pipe, this moment is determined by the constructive features of the air exchange and the baths directly. For example, air ducts with a round cross section are simpler in the installation compared to its rectangular "counterparts", and the required connecting fittings for round air ducts are much easier.

The relationship of the diameter of air ducts and other significant indicators is demonstrated in the following tables.

For example, we will work with round ducts. Required sections We select on the corresponding table, focusing, at the same time, on the table indicators an example of calculating ventilation.

Estimated air consumption turned out to be 165 m3 / hour. The air flow with this flow must not move faster than 5 m / s. In accordance with the above table for round air ducts, select a section on the specified data. The table value closest to our, equal to 221 m3 / hour. Duct section - 125 mm.

Air duct with insulation
Flexible air ducts

In the same order, we determine the optimal sections for all the branches of the system in the served premises, remembering that the air flow should move at a speed not exceeding 3 m / s (in Tamburas and storage rooms - 1 m / s, in the steam room - 2 m / sec):

• parium: Estimated WBT is 60 m3 / hour, which requires the installation of the air duct with a cross section of 125 mm;
• shower room - WW is equal to 50 m3 / hour, the air moves at a speed at 3 m / s, the air duct is 100 mm;
• toilet - indicators are similar to the shower room;
• pantry, tambour, etc. - Indicators (with the exception of air movement speed) are similar to the shower and toilet.

Important! In the shower (wedge, room with pool) there is an increased level of humidity. When determining the cross section of the duct for this room, it is necessary to make a correction in the direction of magnification (in this example - 125 mm).

For greater convenience, make all the information received into the table. As an example, you can use the template below.

Important remark! In the above table, the exhaust volume exceeds the volume of incoming air. It happened for the reason that the sections were determined from the nearest flow rate, and the diameter of the air duct in the oil was intentionally increased. In practice, such an approach will only benefit - there will be no stock on the outflow and influx.

SNiP 2.08.01-89. Residential buildings. File for download

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for residential buildings and premises. Sanitary and epidemiological rules and standards of SanPiN 2.1.2.1002-00. File for download

Construction rates and rules of the Russian Federation Heating, ventilation and air conditioning Heating, Ventilation and Conditioning SNiP 41-01-2003. File for download

The cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe ventilating window is determined in accordance with the volume of the served room: 24 cm 2 per 1 m3.

It remains to be understood only with the optimal height of the air vents:

• for the inflow of fresh air - on average by 25-30 cm above the floor (in the steam room - near the stove);
• for exhaust air outflows - approximately 15-20 cm below the ceiling, as a rule, on the opposite one in relation to the supply wall.

Popular schemes for bath ventilation

Separate consideration deserve only options for adjusting the ventilation in the steam room - everything is performed in the remaining rooms according to the standard scheme, for example, so:

Air exchange in the steam room can be organized in accordance with 4 basic schemes presented in the following image.

Scheme "A". The most popular option. The window for air inflows - next to the stove, at a distance of about 25-30 cm from the floor. The incoming clean air gradually displaces the spent warm up to the opposite wall. On it, about 15-25 cm below the ceiling, an exhaust hole is equipped.

Scheme "B". Both holes are on the same wall. The scheme will work only if you install the exhaust fan. Fresh air enters through the bottom hole, equipped in the wall opposite to the stove. The air will rush in the direction of the furnace, and then covering the arc space of the steam room, move to the exhaust and retire beyond the bath.

Scheme "B". The option is suitable for porchs with flowing floor. The supply hole is located, as in the scheme "A". Arriving in the upper part of the steam, the air goes down to the floor, passes through the gaps in the board of the floor, contributing to a more efficient drying of the boards, and after the exhaust hole is usually equipped in another room. Also, the extract can be carried out through a separate insulated channel.

Scheme "G". An option for baths with a permanent furnace. In this case, the drawing functions performs the infideling hole of the furnace. The supply window is placed under the shelf, in the wall opposite to the oven. The height of the supply hole must correspond to the height of the placement poured the furnace. Fresh air rushes to the oven, displacing the air masses heated to the ceiling. Copling there, the air is lowered and excreted from the bath through thought.

In order for the operation of the air exchange system is the most efficient and high-quality, before starting it, examine and remember several simple tips.

If there is a bathroom in your bath or even a kitchen, we only plan them with exhaust ventilation - such a decision will exclude the likelihood of spreading unpleasant odors by other rooms. Alternatively, you can equip the supply ventilation in other rooms, and the bathrooms are equipped with a natural exhaust - in this case the air will move to the bathrooms.

When calculating the performance of the fans, it is recommended to reduce the total power of the supply devices by 5-10% of the total performance of exhaust aggregates. In this case, the exhaust air will be fully crowded out by incoming air masses, and the reserve of 5-10% compensates for air flow through windows, cracks, etc., which will allow you to observe the balance.

In rooms with one natural ventilation, it is recommended to make opening windings - this will increase the efficiency of fresh air intake and reduced the risk of fungi, mold, rot, and the like.

Important! If your bath is not a typical configuration, the project of the ventilation system will also be individual. With its preparation, the features of the composition of the premises, their design, constructive features, etc. should be taken into account.

The main stages of self-improvement of the ventilation system

Any ventilation system in any room is shutdown in about the same sequence. The differences are present only in the characteristics of the air duct and location of their location, as well as the configuration of the system (mechanical, in contrast to natural, are complemented by various types of devices).

For example, the following layout of the ventilation elements can be used.

Or its somewhat modified analog presented in the following image.

Recommendations for choosing the location of each hole, such as the air exchange system for different rooms of the bath, as well as the procedure for determining the characteristics of ventilation elements, were previously considered.

Along with this, the order of ventilation arrangement may vary depending on how the constructive option you give preference. Available solutions Little:

• independent ventilation in each room. Simpler option. The work is limited to the installation of fraamug, submarines, fans and other necessary elements, if provided for by the project. Fans can be mounted both in the windows and in separate channels derived out through the wall;
• centralized system. More complex option. Requires laying of ventilation boxes. Used mainly in private homes - in the case of a bath, this option will be too expensive and time consuming;
• "Hybrid" option. Some premises are ventilated individually, some are combined into a joint system.

An expedient option for use in the bath is independent ventilation - the owner can choose the optimal characteristics of the fans and other elements for each room, saving money, time and strength on the activities needed to combine channels into a single system.

Important! The location of some rooms can not allow to equip independent supply and exhaust ventilation. In this case, avoid laying of ventilation boxes will not be able to avoid. As an option, the box can be placed on an attic room, and the ventilation holes are equipped in the ceiling or connect with channels equipped in the walls (the option is more complicated if the gasket of this kind of channels has not been provided by the project at the construction stage).

In most cases, the first option is applied: the ventilation pipes of the required length are displayed through the holes in the overlap of the served premises and either equipped with each own fan, if necessary (it is easier to implement for an unprepared user, the procedure is similar to the following in the following table), or are connected to a single circuit and connect to the overall extract (may require the involvement of specialists).

Remember: The maximum efficiency of the ventilation system is ensured using as shorter and direct air ducts as possible - up to 3 m with the arrangement of the natural air exchange and up to 6 m during the involvement of electrical fans.

The procedure for arranging an independent ventilation system is given in the following table.

Important! The example describes the instruction on the arrangement of the mechanical ventilation system with the use of fans. The order of installation of a natural air exchange remains almost similar: only steps of laying wires and installation of fans are excluded.

Table. Ventilation arrangement

Stage of work	Explanations
	The order of work remains similar to the supply and exhaust holes. Only the height of their arrangement and location changes (possible options were considered earlier), as well as the type of fans used (trimming or exhaust). The characteristics of the latter are selected individually, taking into account the volume of the served room, the required air movement rate in the air ducts required by the multiplicity of air exchange, etc. - All these moments were consecrated in the theoretical part. Holes draw in the following order: - We look at the center and contours. Marking is done so that the diameter of the hole as a result is a bit (usually there are 2-3-millimeter clearance) exceeded the diameter of the installed pipe (the recommendations for the choice of the diameters of the air ducts were previously provided); - Using the perforator, we make a hole in accordance with the markup. The working tool is kept horizontally, but with a slight slope down; - Gently pull out the carved material (the hammer and chisel will help us in this), after which we thoroughly clean the finished hole from dirt and dust.
	The ventilation pipe (ventilation box housing) is placed in the prepared hole, however, before it (if the arrangement of mechanical / forced ventilation is scheduled), you must equip the fan. Useful recommendation! Initially buy ready-made ventilation settings, including, in addition to related add-ons, ventilation box / pipe and fan with an appropriate size housing - so you will avoid difficulties at the assembly stage. The pipe with the fan is placed in the prepared hole, and the remaining slits are filled with mounting foam.
	The fan is an electrical device, therefore, it must be connected to the network. We will deal with this until the mounting foam dries (at least 10-12 hours). Procedure of Action Standine: - The contours of the cable for cable are cut into the wall with the help of a grinder. Excess material are removed using a bipper; - A hole is prepared in the wall to set the switch box (for example, you can use a perforator). A box is installed (first read the instructions specifically to your switch). The switch itself will be mounted after finishing; - The wire is stacked in the stroke. To fix the cable, use alabaster; - Connect the wire with switch and fan. Be sure to study the connection scheme recommended by the fan manufacturer in the applied instruction, because For different devices, it may differ. The example shows one of the most frequently used schemes.
	It remains only to bring the whole design into a proper look. For this we do the following: - get rid of surplus dried mounting foam with a knife; - Sharpen shoes; - Mount the adjustable ventilation grilles on both sides of the pipe. For fastening, we use the screws. If it is provided, at the appropriate stages of work, install additional elements (for example, air heater, filter, etc.). Each of these devices is mounted individually - we first specify these moments in the manufacturer's instructions.

Video - Arrangement of ventilation holes

Video - Ventilation in the bath do it yourself - scheme

Ventilation is needed in all rooms, its installation rules are prescribed in SNiP 41-01-2003. But they concern only residential, public and industrial premises, which create favorable conditions for humans. At the same time, it is taken into account that people in such premises stay a long period of time and for all you need to create the same standard indicators of microclimate and air quality.

Baths have completely different tasks, they create a stressful microclimate - high temperature indicators (in Russian baths up to + 60 ° C, in saunas more than + 100 ° C) and high air humidity (up to 90%). Moreover, in one room, temperature and humidity indicators should vary widely depending on the wishes of washable. The change in the parameters of the microclimate should be carried out as much as possible, and the achieved values \u200b\u200bare maintained relative to a long period of time. And a very important difference between the baths from ordinary premises. If, in the second people, people have the ability to "defend" from temporary inconvenience to clothing, then it is impossible to do this in the baths.

Illustration of a microclimate in steam room - high temperature and hot couple

Based on these features, the bath ventilation should perform individual tasks, and this affects the principles of its device and features of operation. Ventilation in the bath can be natural and forced, each view has its own characteristics, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. In this article, let us talk in detail only about one type of ventilation - natural.

The tasks of the ventilation of the bath and how it differs from the ventilation of other premises, we have already found out, now it's time to tell what methods can they be achieved. Ways depend on the architectural features of the room and your preferences.

First you need to remember physics lessons from school. The ventilation of the room occurs due to the difference in the density of air on the street and indoors. Heated air has a smaller weight and rises, cold air is heavier and lowered down, the so-called convection occurs. Accordingly, in order for the premises to be ventilated, hot air should be able to leave, and cold act, the input and outlet openings are needed. It can be ordinary gaps in windows and doors or specially made ventilation holes.

On the Internet you can meet the allegations that these holes must necessarily have the same dimensions, otherwise the ventilation does not work or "blows not in that direction". So can only say those who strolved lessons. The ratio of the size of the entrance and air output to the performance of the ventilation does not affect.

Ventilation window of square shape

If the outlet, for example, can be released in an hour only 1 m3 of warm air, then exactly the same amount will fall into the cold room, whatever the size of the inlet, and vice versa. And the effect of reverse thrust is obtained in the case of a winddrop or with the complete absence of fresh air. In the first case, the strong exterior wind "pounds" the air into the room, in the second case, after the air outlet in the room, a small vacuum is formed, which backs up the air into the room. It cannot be said that the ventilation is completely absent, it just becomes cyclic and works on the principle of "there and here". Of course, the effectiveness of such ventilation approaches zero, the air moves a little only near the holes.

And with these phenomena it is clear, now consider the specific types of natural bath ventilation. Let's start with the easiest and finish more complex.

The simplest, but also the least effective way of ventilation.

The pair opens the door or at the same time the door and the window - ventilation happens quickly, but not as we wish. Why?

Couple removes from the bath, and it also has negative consequences.

1. First, if you opened the door, the steam goes out no on the street, but to other rooms. They are sharply increased humidity, heated steam is immediately condensed on all surfaces. What can happen further - you don't need to explain.

   

2. Secondly. Reducing the temperature in the paired only subjective phenomenon. There are two concepts of temperature - actual and perceived. The actual temperature is a physical indicator, perceived - subjective. We feel the same and the same actual temperature depending on the surrounding factors. Increased humidity "enhances" the temperature we feel, a strong wind lowers. So, due to a simple ventilation, it is possible to remove only excess steam, and the actual air temperature is returned to the previous values.

   

3. Thirdly, ventilating will never be able to establish stable indoor microclimate indicators. As soon as the doors close - the temperature and humidity increases sharply, as soon as the doors open - humidity and temperatures are also sharply reduced.

   

Outcome - ventilation is not the method of ventilation that should be used constantly. This is an extreme way, to resort to it is recommended only in the event of an acute need.

Such a method can be considered more successful, but it is possible only in one case - the bathing stove firebox is located in the pair. Warm air is removed through the furnace and chimney, the receipt can occur through the slots of the floor, a partitioned window or door. Sometimes at the bottom of the door leaf is made a special hole, to improve the design it is closed with a decorative grid.

Advantages of bath ventilation stove.

1. Easy performance. There is no need to make special produces in a litter. Any extra hole in a wooden wall does not improve its performance characteristics, and it is still mildly. If there were errors during the period of pulling and installing decorative lattices, then the risks are increasing the risks of moisture. Moisture will dry up for a very long time, and the long-term stay of wooden structures in a wet state is extremely negatively affected by their strength and durability of use.

   

2. The ability to regulate the multiplicity of air exchange indoors. Ventilation "is managed" by the Sewberry and door of the stove. It is necessary to speed it up - the Sewber and the door of the furnaces open until it stops, the temperature has become a favorable - the sewer closes a bit. It is easy to find the optimal position of the chieber, the microclimate indicators in the steam room are stabilized, the speed of ventilation of the room has stable values.

   

   Stove with Sewberry - Photo

3. Universality application. It does not matter from which materials a bath is built, which sizes and architectural features. In addition, this system admits simple upgrades. For example, it is worth making an inlet behind the stove and the air falling into the bath will be a little warm. Extract still serves chimney.

   

There are, of course, flaws, let's call the main ones.

1. Insufficient performance. Quickly change the temperature or humidity in the steam room will not be possible.
2. The presence of "dead" zones. The mixing of the air throughout the volume does not occur, there are areas with drafts and zones with standing air.
3. The dependence of the thrust (ventilation) from weather conditions.

Despite some disadvantages, this method of ventilation in combination with ordinary ventilation is very often used in the "budget" variants of the bath.

For budget steam room Best option - ventilation oven and ventilation

Bath Stove Watch - Scheme

The optimal version of the ventilation device for most baths.

Benefits:

Important. The ventilation device is desirable to think over before the start of the ban. Solve issues with specific placement of holes and their overall dimensions. We advise the height of the bloodstream to do no more than the height of the bar, and the bold holes to adjust the length.

Prices for Bath Fans

fan for bath

Why is it optimal to provide ventilation at the construction stage?

1. Firstly, in the ready-made structure to do the holes much more difficult to physically.

   

   Hole drilling in Siruba - the process of time consuming

2. Secondly, there are risks that the hole will fall on the heater, especially the upper output product. It is located in close proximity to the Mauerlatam of the rafting system, and they are fixed more often than ordinary crowns and only metal rods or pieces of construction fittings are used as coppins.

   

3. Thirdly, if you make a hole with a metal crown, then an expensive tool after the "meeting" with the impudent will fail. Yes, and the chisel or chisel will not always be possible to "reanimate" after attempts to cut the metal.

   

4. Fourthly, the metal heating in this place is almost impossible to cut off. Bulgarian will not get angry, with a metal with a metal, but to cut a file - the enemy does not wish. We'll have to hammer the product in another place. And who needs an excess hole in a bath wall or an increase in its size? Especially if you already under her "planned" dimensions made holes in the outer and internal trim and bought ventilation grilles. "Meeting" with metal brazening is a very unpleasant situation from all points of view.

Options for placement and size of ventilation products

For all types of natural ventilation there are several general rules. The first is to improve the efficiency of the system, cold air feed holes should be located at the bottom of 20 centimeters from the floor level. Holes for the exit must be placed at the maximum height - under the ceiling or on the ceiling. The second is the mixing of various air layers in the volume of steam room improves if the inlet and outlet are located at maximum distance from each other, preferably diagonally. What kind of places are they recommended to install them?

It can be done At the bottom of the door leaf pair.

Benefits - There is no need to make an excess hole in the wall of the bath. This saving time and effort, in addition, eliminates the likelihood of the wetting of the lower crowns of the church. The disadvantage - in most cases the doors are located opposite the shelves for the adoption of bath procedures, cold air flows appear, creating a number of inconvenience.

Under the shelf.

Advantages - the inlet is imperceptible, cold air streams well mixed with warm throughout the volume. Disadvantage - complicates access to the lattice to open / closing the damper. If during washing, you can only adjust the intensity of ventilation using the top grid, then after venting the bath you need to close both. And this means that it will have to at some time specifically for closing the product to visit the pair.

Important. The valve on the ventilation holes must be installed two each - outside and inside the steam room. After carrying out the bath, both should be closed. Choose such a lattice installation technology that guarantees the full tightness of the external dampers. It is strictly forbidden to hit atmospheric moisture to the crowns of the church.

Behind the stove.

Supplose hole behind the furnace - scheme

The most optimal option. Cold air from the street will be hooked into the stove, a little is heated and divided into several separate and low-speed flow of flow. Drafts are completely eliminated. Disadvantages - it is not always possible to establish decorative lattices in this place. If the stove is close to the wall, then the greater temperature adversely affects plastic or wood decorative lattice materials. In addition, according to the safety regulations, such places behind the stove should be isolate with sheet gland using thermal insulation.

For your specific case, no option is suitable? Not a problem, make a hole where you think necessary.

As for the outlet, then with its placement there is less problems. Our only advice is not in the ceiling. The overwhelmed air should not be displayed on the attic, it will cause constant moistening of the wooden elements of the charter system, and its premature repair always "flies to a penny." To protect the rafters, the wet air will have to withdraw on the roof. Why do an extra hole in the coating, why do it yourself and for your money worsen the tightness of the roof coating?

Natural ventilation holes

The technology of calculating the size of the ventilation holes is indicated in existing regulations. It is much more complicated to determine the size of the production for natural ventilation than for forceding - too many factors that do not depend on people. The main performance parameter of the ventilation system is the multiplicity of air shift. For residential premises, the minimum value of multiplicity is regulated, while accounted for both the temperature in the rooms and the temperature on the street. The temperature in residential premises ranges from a small limit, it simplifies the work of the designers.

In the paired, the situation is much more complicated - indicators of temperature and humidity change in very wide limits. In addition, the arrival rate / air flow in various situations may differ at times. Such preliminary conditions make it almost impossible to perform the accurate calculation of the optimal multiplicity of air exchange with natural ventilation.

Some Ban owners are afraid to suffocate during the adoption of bath procedures due to lack of oxygen. We bring to their note that one cubic meter of air to one person is enough for breathing one and a half hours. Calculate the cube of the steam room and learn how much time you can safely steam, the bill goes to dozens of hours.

Problems can cause ditching gas. If you have closed the furnace girlfriend until the firewood is complete, no ventilation will help. It can ventilate the room only if the carbon monoxide does no longer. Combinate the furnace correctly and never alone, do not wear in vain on ventilation.

How to make a vent hole in the wall of the bath

For example, we will take the most difficult option - the external and inner cover of the walls of the bath has already been made. The hole can be round, square or rectangular.

Step 1. Make the location markup of the product on the inside of the steam room. Before starting work, you should not only know the location of the hole, but also its size and configuration. It is desirable that the air ducts and decorative grilles are in stock, it will make it possible to accurately control the sizes of the opening and do not make extra work.

Step 2. Prepare a long tree drill, the working length must exceed the wall thickness of the bath together with the outer and internal trim. In the center of the drawn contour of the product, drill through a hole from the inside of the steam room. The output of the drill outside the steam room will be the center of the product. Draw around it the size of the opening, similar to the steam room.

Step 3. Remove the elements of the internal and external sheat in the circuit. If your bath is covered with natural lining on both sides, the process is simplified, just carefully cut the boards. If metal sheets were used on the outside - use the grinder.

Step 4. Carefully inspect the carrying structures, if damaged - repaired. On the contour of the ventilation product, the cross-cutting holes are as close to each other, constantly check, in which place they come out from the outside of the wall. The drill must constantly be perpendicular to the plane. Drill the same holes over the entire area of \u200b\u200bproduction, the more they are, the easier it is to make a hole in the wall.

Video - How to drill a hole of a large diameter in the tree

Step 5.. Next you need to work with bites and chisel, gradually remove the wooden jumpers between the holes. To fully extend the hole on one side of the wall will not be able - too hard to get to the tool. Make half of the work from the inside of the steam room, and the second half is outside. Thoroughly align the surface of the holes is not necessary, the main thing is that the air duct can be easily placed in the channel.

The most difficult physical work is made, you can start installing the air duct and the lattices. Do not be discouraged if there is a lot of time to do the holes, even the experienced builders rarely can prepare more than two production per day.

How to install ducts and grilles

For air ducts, you can take metal galvanized or plastic pipes, the length is determined by the passage length. Pick the hole in size to adjust the ventilation efficiency on it should be dampers.

Prices for air ducts

duct

Step 1. Mineral wool Inseulate the plane of the opening, gently insert the air duct into place. In order to firmly fix the pipe in the desired position, use the mounting foam. Speaking excess foam should be cut after frozen.

Step 2. If there is a waterproofing between the trim and wall, treat the clearance of the wall between the wall and the hole in the foam overlap, it seals the space of the cut and exclude water from entering wooden structures.

Step 3. Fasten the lattice, the mounting method depends on the material of the manufacture of wall cladding and crate.

Fix the ventilation grids. In the photo - the lattice with the outside of the bath

Prices for mineral wool

mineral wool

Check the performance of the ventilation using a glowing head or other smoke source. Apply it to the inlet and watch how the air flows in the steam room are moving at what speed.

In the photo Valve of air inflows and its performance inspection

Experiment with natural ventilation with different positions of dampers, from the maximum to the minimum.

Video - installation of valve CPV 125

Video - Ventilation in a bath with oven-air conditioning thermoform

Among the most important indicators of Russian baths are traditionally called the temperature and level of humidity, forgetting about another fundamental indicator - air exchange. It is very rash, because even if you thoroughly warm the room and achieve comfortable moisture, staying in a stew-in air stay will not only discomfort, but also dangerous. If you want to make such a fate, take care of the ventilation in the steam room. You can even equip such a system - let's look in detail how to do it.

Why do ventilation need ventilation in the Russian bath?

Before moving to the description of the peculiarities of the direct technological process, to begin with clarify, why do you need ventilation in the bath in the steam room. It is no secret that many skeptics consider its arrangement of only unjustified spending time and funds, but this is far there is a lack of a ventilation system can lead to a minimum of three sharply negative consequences.

Types of ventilation systems for the steam

Ventilation in a bath in a steam room can be three types:

• natural;
• mechanical;
• combined.

The natural system assumes that air circulation is provided by the difference in pressure levels and temperature in the steam room and on the street. The principle of operation here is simple: first the hot air rises into the top zone of the steambar, and then goes through the exhaust hole to the street, thereby dischargeing the atmosphere in the bath, this creates conditions for drawing new air through the air hole. Plus such ventilation - minimum financial costs. But here you need to take into account one nuance: with insufficient insulation, the natural air duct will be a barrier for high-quality bath warming.

Mechanical ventilation operates through special devices that control the exhaust air output and the supply of new air flow into the pair. As a rule, various kinds of fans are acting in the role of such devices. Plus the mechanical system is that ventilation equipment can be installed in almost any area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

Council. For a bath, a classic channel fan will not fit, as it does not transfer heavy conditions of the steam - it is better to use special models from glass-filled polyamide, withstanding high temperatures - up to 130 degrees.

Combined ventilation combines elements and natural, and mechanical systems. It functions in this way: mechanical devices correspond for pulling the exhaust air, and the fresh air comes through a separate supply hole.

Ventilation schemes

There are at least five working diagrams of ventilation, which can be used in the steam room - choose a specific option, based on their constructive features of your Russian bath.

• Supplose hole - behind the furnace at a distance of 50 cm from the heater, and the exhaust - on the contrary, at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the floor. The air is eliminated forced - it provides a fan built into the bottom opening.
• The supply hole is behind the heating device at a distance of 30 cm from the base of the floor, exhaust - at a distance of 20 cm from the floor on the opposite wall. Air goes forcibly with a fan. The main feature of the scheme is a very high heating rate of fresh air.

• Both openings - both flow, and exhaust - are placed on one side directly opposite the stove, but at different levels: the first - at a distance of 30 cm on the base of the floor, the second is 20 cm from the ceiling. The system functions using a fan that is mounted in the exhaust hole.

Council. Such a scheme is suitable for baths with the internal accommodation of the steam - when the room has only one outer side.

• The supply hole is behind the stove at a height of 20 cm from the base of the floor. No exhaust hole - instead of it there is a special flowing floor: the spent air masses through its slots pass to the ventilation pipe. Such a system guarantees the completion of an additional function - the operational grazing of the floor.
• Audible opening - opposite the stove at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the floor. The role of the exhaust hole is assigned to pond. Such a scheme is suitable only for those baths, where the heating device works continuously.

General rules for organizing ventilation in the steam

Whatever the version of the ventilation system you have selected, it is necessary to shut it according to certain rules.

First, all the holes for ventilation are desirable to perform even at the construction stage of the bath, since the punching of the channels in the already finished design is a very difficult process. The ideal option is to determine the appropriate scheme during the design of the Russian bath in order to make all the necessary edits into the work plan.

Secondly, the dimensions of the exhaust hole must be approximately the same as the size of the supply opening. In any case, the "output" should not be less "input", otherwise it is impossible to provide a full-fledged outflow of exhaust air from the steam room. And to speed up this process, it is allowed to increase the dimensions of the exhaust opening and even equip two "outputs" in one room.

Third, to adjust the air blowing steers, all ventilation holes must be equipped with special valves or blinds. They will use you in several situations: when heated the steam, when the outstands need to be covered to quickly increase the temperature to the required level, as well as in the frost time of the year, when the cold air will actively strive to the warm room.

Fourth, the section of the ventilation opening should relate to the steam room in proportion: 1 cubic. M Square - 24 cm sections. If the holes are small, the air indoors will not be able to quickly update.

Of course, the organization of ventilation in the bath with their own hands is not the task of the easiest. But it is fundamentally necessary: \u200b\u200bwithout air exchange about the comfort, safety and durability of the steam, you can forget. Now you know the main rules and subtleties of this work - if they are steadily adhere to them, you can make a high-quality ventilation system even without professional assistance.

Ventilation in the bath: video

Providing ventilation in the bath: Photo