Marsh stairs do it yourself. How to make a staircase on the second floor

In this article, we will tell about how to make a wooden staircase for the porch of the house independently. Consider the characteristics of the selection material for the stairs and the basis of its processing.

Decide where to start work, what formulas to use to calculate the optimal design of the stairs and the required quantity.

Let's tell, in which sequence to install the stairs for the porch.

The staircase at the entrance to the dwelling plays an important role, and its arrangement needs to pay extreme attention, since it takes over a large load.

Let's try to find out how to make it for the porch with your own hands, correctly pick up the material, the shape and color of the design, so that it creates harmony with the porch of the house.

To create a staircase for the porch most often use a tree. The popularity of this material is explained by its environmental friendliness and an attractive appearance. In addition, it is easy to work with a tree, you can create any design and even order from the masters of the railing with an ornate carvings.

Advantages of wooden stairs on the porch

Ease of material processing;
Light weight does not create obstacles to the transport of wood;
The ability to create bizarre decorative designs;

Disadvantages of wooden stairs on the porch

Disadvantages of some tree breeds to create a wooden staircase for the porch of the house, you can compensate for the correct selection of material.

How to choose wood for stairs to home

Most often for wooden structures that will be installed on the street, use pine or larch, as they have a number of positive characteristics.

Pine Staircase

Needs periodic processing from rot;
The density of the material is low, compared with larch;
Amenable to easy processing;
The cheapness of wood and wider prevalence makes it popular.

Ladies from larch

High density of wood (material can serve as centuries and turn into a stone);
Resistance to grinding processes and deformation;
High cost;
It has a small prevalence in the building materials market, since its grievance is small. Reseature larch from remote regions only increases its value.

Thus, pine is more affordable and budget material for the manufacture of wooden stairs on the porch with their own hands. Larch, if desired, can afford the owners of houses for which expenses do not have much importance.

Drawing up wooden staircase for porch

This stage before starting work is mandatory items in the process of creating a ladder for the house. To make a quality sketch, it is necessary to conduct careful measurements and calculations, taking into account the following parameters:

Design height

The stair steps differ by the connection method of them between themselves. It is rolky, rectangular, beveled.

There is also a classification for the form:

in the form of a wedge;
rectangular;
triangular;
rounded.

Coloring

Important! When staining a pine material, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the resins in the wood are impregnated in heterogeneously. Therefore, before applying paint or varnish, remove the excess resin on the surface of the material using the solvent.

Treatment of wood structures are carried out using enamels, varnishes, paints, impregnations. Choosing means for finishing wood, take into account its appearance, choose a shade close to natural.

Deciding with the color, go to the choice of paint. Highly pigmented paint for the wooden staircase on the porch is designed to overlap defects, it is applied on top of a putty. Their disadvantage is that they hide all the beauty of the tree.

Detailed and simple scheme for standard staircase on the second floor.

Planning the construction of a private house for two floors or more? We recommend planning immediately, what a staircase will be. And we will help in this - in this material it is described in detail about species for cottages, cottages and private houses, design requirements. Also, with the help of diagrams and drawings, we will tell you how the staircase is calculated and built. The design is quite simple - it is not compared with the roof, so the owner can make it, which has only minimal construction skills. We will tell how to make so that instead of a wooden staircase did not work like a ladder. After studying the drawings and schemes, you can make a high-quality design.

Views

In private houses, for centuries, two types are used, which we briefly consider:

Movie. This option is the easiest performed, while the design is distinguished by reliability. If a newcomer is taken for business, then the wage wooden staircase will be an excellent solution. Also, the design can be divided into single-hour and two-hours. Despite the differences between these species, their complexity is the same.
Screw. Work for professionals, as it requires careful measurements and calculations. One miscalculation can spoil the whole design, so it can only make it a master. The main advantage of such a design is compactness, because the design takes the minimum number of spaces in the house. Often the screw wooden staircase is the center of the interior composition. The only minus is a rather steep rise that adversely affects safety.

Of course, we will disassemble the marching staircase, although we recommend familiar with the screw options. It is easier to carry out the marching version to which there are drawings.
Another lack of a screw staircase is that it will be uncomfortable to carry overall objects from one floor to another.

Preparation of materials and work features

Before thinking about the construction with your own hands, you need to create or take ready-made drawings, as well as prepare tools and materials for the stairs connecting the second floor with the first.

Let's start with materials for building construction to the second floor:

screws;
thick boards, which will continue to move into the steps;
bruks - the cross section should be at least 40 millimeters.

Without a drawing, it is impossible to perform work, in the image below it is shown in detail what you need to measure so that in the end it was possible to calculate the dimensions of the future design.

Also cost to take into account the following sizes when planning the design to the second floor from the first:

the angle of inclination of the stairs;
width;
height of the whole design;
number of steps.

If there are skills in working with a 3D editor, you can make a detailed scheme. For example, the project will demonstrate whether the ladder will not work. It is also recommended to study the drawings.

Blueprints

The simplest drawing of the marching staircase on the second floor, which the owner will be able to make it yourself. The drawing is demonstrated quite large design, but sometimes such a staircase leads to the second floor.

Knowing the distance between the floors, you can calculate the number of steps. For example, the floor height from the floor is 290 centimeters, the steps are selected by 20 cm. After simple computations, 14.5 steps are obtained. It is necessary to round up to 14 or 15. In the first case, the height of each step should be 20.71 cm, and in the second - 19.33 cm.

In the example, integers are used - the height of the stairs to the second floor is 260 cm, each step goes 20 cm, as a result, it turns out 13. With regard to the size of the staircase march, its width should not be less than 70 centimeters. In the large side, the bias can be any. In the example, considered in this article, the stair march has a width of 1 meter.

It is also worth thinking about the platforms that will be at the bottom and above. Dimensions should correspond to the dimensions of the staircase march. An ideal form will be a rectangle or square.
These are the simplest schemes for the manufacture of a wooden staircase to the second floor. The main thing is to choose a convenient angle of inclination so that in the end there is no stepladder.

The most reliable option is the direct staircase. The P-shaped option is suitable for private houses where a large area. M-shaped newbie design is unlikely to master.

Selection of installation method

The design of the future staircase may present:

Taitives. This word is called beams that support structures on both sides.
Kosoury. The second option is the beams that keep the stairs from the bottom.

Installation

When the steps, platforms and beams are ready, you can move to the installation of the stairs with your own hands. The example describes the option with Kosomers. You need to make a note for the place of installation in advance. On the floor of the first floor, the boosters are installed on the support timber. In a place where the staircase moves to the second floor, the support elements are placed in the gaps in the ceiling beam. In some cases, metal supports apply to the same goals. The attachment of the cososov is performed using anchor bolts.

In the process of installation at hand, there should always be a construction level, it is also possible to determine the position by body kit so that the ladder does not work. Wooden design elements must be installed perfectly smoothly. The panels of the appearance must be consolidated from the top of the cosome, to do this is the most convenient self-drawing.

Steps are ready? So you can start the installation of the baluster on the floor. Upstairs and downstairs are mounted support racks that limit the handrails. They are also decorative and supporting elements.

Now installing:

Ready balasins need to cover with handrails (railings), which are mounted on support racks. If the design is large, then the stairs will not interfere with the additional support.
Sometimes it takes 3-4 racks. In this case, it is not worth spending the forces on the balusters, as the smooth boards will be a more rational solution.
After completing the assembly, the wooden surface must be carefully polished. You can do it with your own hands or with the help of the power tool.
Next is preparing before painting: all the garbage and dust are removed, it must completely dry. If necessary, a putty is performed after grinding. Of course, for this work, we need coatings for wood.
When the preparatory work is completed, you can paint elements from wood. Primer is applied, and then 1-2 layers of paint. After drying, it is necessary to cover the design of varnish. Alternatively, you can take a veil.

As a result, it turns out a convenient staircase, with which you can use comfort and safety to the second floor. If the angle is calculated correctly, then the stepladders will not.

During the construction of the house, it is often necessary to build a staircase. After all, most projects imply the presence of the second floor. The stairs between the floors can be built from different materials. However, the tree is one of the simplest, eco-friendly and comfortable. A beginner can cope with this material.

Of course, work will take a certain time. However, work will quickly pay off, because the design made with the soul will serve for many years to joy the owners. In addition, the construction of the staircase with their own hands is a significant savings.

Types of wooden stairs

You can allocate two main types of wooden stairs:

screw;
movie.

The marching stairs are the simplest, so it is for the construction of such a design that the newcomer is best taken in construction. Screw stairs are very complex, they require careful calculations and measurements. One error - and the design may not work.

The marching stairs are divided, in turn, for two varieties: single and two-year-old. Both varieties are not so complex in order to make them independently.

Direct marching staircase

Before making a wooden staircase with your own hands, you need to purchase materials and prepare tools.

From materials need to take:

thick boards (they will go to the steps);
bars sufficiently large cross section (about 40 mm);
screws.

Before making a wooden staircase, you must think over its design on paper.

It would be very unreasonable to build without drawing, so before the construction of the stairs it is necessary to carry out measurements and make an approximate plan.

When measurements, it is necessary to take into account:

height of the stairs;
construct angle;
number of steps;
width.

You can create a similar scheme in electronic form. There are special computer applications that allow you to create such models. Professional software for construction purposes can even have a 3D function. However, it is not at all necessary - to create such a visual example when calculating a simple staircase.

ATTA or Kosur?

A simple marching staircase can be installed on crouches or on the growth. The difference is that the tents are located on the side of the steps, and the cosos are under steps.

A simple marching staircase, as a rule, has two lateral instruments. Steps are attached from both sides. The design described here will be arranged in this way.

Installation

Painting stairs

The whole process of staining the stairs can be divided into three parts:

preparation;
painting;
protection (lacquer layer).

First you need to prepare each element of the stairs to staining. This implies two types of work: putty and grinding. The putty is made by special mixtures that are intended exclusively for wood. Apply formulations that are not suitable for wood is prohibited.

When the spacion layer is dry, you can be taken for grinding surfaces. Grinding is made in two stages. The first stage is rough, superficial. After him, you need to wait a couple of days. Very soon it will be noticeable that the veins are rising on the surface of the wood. Before the second grinding, they must be blown by air.

After grinding work, the board becomes perfectly even smooth. Now you can proceed to coating.

When the surface of the stairs is ready to cover, it is necessary to decide what it will be. Before painting a wooden paint staircase, you need to apply a layer of primer. The primer is better to choose the painting composition.

The choice of paint is better to produce among alkyd and urethane coating species. They are ideal for painting a staircase march. Of the colors, it is preferable to take something bright.

If there is a desire, instead of paint, you can use a sampling. The advantage of the veil is that it superbly emphasizes the unique drawing of wood. The staircase will look just great. Natural pattern is always preferable. Why hide it with coloring compositions when he can serve itself by decoration.

The veil can be selected with varnish. When buying it is advisable not to save. After all, the better the composition will be, the longer the design itself will serve. Morilka is not only a decorative finish. This composition perfectly protects against various factors.

When the paint dried, the finishing layer of varnish is applied to the surface. It is better to choose a matte varnish, a half-one is also suitable. The coating of the lacquer is made in the case of a staircase in three stages. The composition is applied three times, and before each new application, the previous layer should be good. If bubbles were formed on the varnish, then they should be stuck.

If you still want to make a screw staircase in the house, you can try the easiest installation option. The advantage of such a design is that it saves space significantly.

During construction, it is important to consider that the staircase is not too cool. If there are elderly in the house and small children, it is wiserfully to abandon such a design, because it can be dangerous.

The easiest way to install a screw staircase is to buy a ready-made, already extinted kit, and just mounted it. Saving on installation will also bring substantial benefits.

The design of the spiral staircase consists of three main elements: racks, railings and steps. Steps are better to choose oak. They are not only one of the most durable, but also distinguished by high aesthetic characteristics. The scent and thermo-oak also look very good.

Before buying, you need to measure the size of the future staircase to choose the design of exactly under your home. A more expensive option is to hire a specialist who will measure everything himself, and then place an order for the design. If there are skills in construction, you can make steps yourself, ordering only the rack and railing. Most often, racks with railings are metallic, but there are wooden varieties.

Device staircase

Steps on one side take place for mounting to the rack. On the other hand there is a hole for the rail.
The rack is most often metallic. It has a flange to which the steps are attached.
The simplest design of the screw staircase is "in a duck step." Here is a special form of steps.
The rack is mounted between the floors. It is attached to the floor with anchor bolts.
When the rack is installed, you can start the installation of steps. Between them, the distance should not exceed 20 cm. This is necessary for security purposes.

The screw staircase also has many decorative details. Moreover, each kit can have their own decorations and various fasteners. When installing a conventional marching staircase, the calculation is carried out otherwise, the geometry of the opening is rectangular here. At the screw staircase, the ladder is a circle.

Video

More information about the construction of stairs from wood, you can find out in the following videos:

If you still decide to order the manufacture of wooden stairs to the second floor, please contact the proven company, with good reviews, compare prices for wood stairs. Buy finished stairs or make your own to solve you.

The manufacture of inter-storey stairs for cottages is a lesson is not simple. To do this, you need to know many nuances of construction, have experience in this area, so if possible, it is recommended to contact the company specializing in this issue. If there is a desire to make an inter-storey staircase yourself, then for a start it is necessary to study current information, familiarize yourself with the beautiful examples of ready-made projects, plan your own structure and create it.

Types and structural elements

As you know, the staircase serves to move from one tier of the building to another. There are stairs, allowing you to get from the street to the house, and there are those that are intended to transition from the first floor to the second or second on the third one. As a rule, inter-storey stairs inside private home are found only if the house is a cottage or a mansion, but it is optional. For example, the staircase can lead to the attic. In this case, it will also be considered an inter-storey.

The staircase consists of a variety of elements. Depending on which of the types of stairs is selected, their set differs. For example, for the traditional wooden staircase, the radius risers as convex, and a concave, remote sleeve or a ball, which serves as an decoration for the railil, and for minimalist, where the steps seem to hide in the air, you can do among the overall steps. However, there is a certain set of elements that are sewnly considered the main existing in each staircase.

ATTIV

The string is the main detail of the design of the stairs. It is based on its basis that everything else is built. The theater is called the carrier element, it accounts for the entire load that the staircase takes. In the tutor there are recesses under the steps. As a rule, the staircase has two tents, however, it is not always the case. The exceptions often serve options when the staircase on one side adjoins the wall.

The string can be made from various materials: wood, metal, plastic. And also there are composite and betented elements. In recent years, professionals have come to the conclusion that it is still not worth using the tents, since the design has many drawbacks, the main thing is that it does not withstand large loads.

And even an experienced master is difficult to design a ladder on large-sized growths, since all their proportions should be as accurate as possible.

Kosource

Kosouur is called one of the varieties of the guide. In this case, it is done only one, and it accounts for all carrier load. Kosur can be located not only from the side of the stairs, but also in the middle, which is more preferable. It serves as a support for steps and risers, as well as other important details of the staircase. When placing a rower, it is important to preserve its shape: there must be protrusions under the steps, while the parallel edge can be as repeated of step protrusions, so be solid.

The choice of one or another material depends on the material or preferred stylistic solution.

What is noteworthy, Kosur has two attachment systems: with lump and "comb". The "comb" is a notorious stepped construction, while Kosur with lumps is usually attached in the middle and has support platforms on each protrusion. These wide platforms allow steps to be fixed better.

Steps

Steps - this is what the leg rests when entering the stairs. They can consist of a sticking and riser.

Come out - This is a horizontal surface on which the leg is directly based on.
Treatysupports disposal, strengthening the design, along the way, closing the space that is under it. And also the risers do not give the leg to "slip" between the steps, if a careless step was made.

The design of the staircase can be performed without a risk, but in this case it should be borne in mind that the entire load will take on coming. So, the staircase will not be so reliable. Such architectural solutions are designed for situations where the stairs are not planned to move superheavy cargoes. In some cases, on the idea of \u200b\u200bthe architect, the staircase is made only from the appearance, as in this picture.

In this case, the role of a Kooowar plays the wall or Kosur, simply mounted into the wall, additionally strengthening the design.

Perila

The railing is by no means an indispensable attribute of stairs, however, their presence is extremely desirable, especially if older people or children live in the house. The railing perform a protective function, without giving falling off the side from the stairs, as well as for the support during lifting or descent. The railing consists of handrails and balasine. Handrails are horizontal elements to which you can directly rely on. Balaasins are vertical tables to which the handrails are attached.

In some cases, the railing is performed in the form of a solid part, alone handrails or with balusters, which are attached to the staircase, and to the ceiling. All these innovations are made at the request of the customer or an interior designer. If the railing is made on the stairs with several marches, then the balusters in some cases can be both supporting columns. Thus, they support not only the handrails, but also the tutor and steps, as a result of which the load on them increases many times.

Select design

Despite the many all kinds of options for inter-storey stairs, there are not so many design types. There are only two of them: screw and marching. The first are chosen when the places under the stairs are all a bit and need to use it rationally. In the second case, the staircase may be an impressive, straight, located in the middle of a large hall. However, there is a second option - to arrange the route staircase along the wall, while the role of one of the guys will perform the wall.

Obviously, the choice of one or another design depends on the place allotted under the stairs, but there is another important component - this is a common architectural idea. For example, in a minimalist style Loft, a modest spiral metal staircase will look much better, and not a pompous march, while in the classic interior such a large-sized design is simply necessary.

Thus, it is necessary to rely not only on the possibility, but also on the combination of the selected option with the surrounding environment.

Screw

Small screw stairs are familiar to everyone. They are a single reference pole to which steps are attached to a spiral image. The most important quality of such options is the small flow rate. So, for the screw staircase will need only 1 square meter. At the same time, they look pretty interesting and are able to become a bright accent of the entire interior.

On the other hand, these stairs are extremely uncomfortable, especially if the vestibular apparatus is not strongly developed. The width of the adoption remains completely small, in connection with which the risk of injury is increasing, clutching during the descent or lift. For elderly people, it will be extremely difficult to climb on such a staircase, so if the option is selected only in favor of stylistics, it is better to refuse it.

Well screw staircases are organized in specially designated archer niches, providing them along the entire length of the railings. Then the risk of injury will be minimized, and the convenience will increase repeatedly. And it is also necessary to draw the backlight of the steps in order not to notice.

Movie

Marsh stairs are a sample of pomp, an indicator of wealth. They require a lot of space, while staying most convenient to date. Depending on the material, such options can be both pretentious and modest, homely, traditional. Also, much depends on the occupational elements: if all of them are available, then such a ladder is more classical. The exclusion of some details indicates a state-of-war model.

The marching stairs are available in several versions: straight, swivel and curvilinear. Each of them is beautiful in its own way and complicated. The form depends not only on the direction of the theater or Kooowar, but also on the form of the degrees themselves. It is safe to declare that the various variations of the marching stairs allow you to choose the desired shape under any style direction of the interior. In some cases, it is possible to save a significant place due to the failure of some elements.

It is worth paying particular attention to the fact that this measure is really reasonable, since in case of a refusal of a single part, the load on all the others is significantly increasing.

Straight

Direct marching stairs do not mean the presence of bends or fesoms throughout the length. A visual illustration can serve as classic large stairs in the halls of two-storey pompous buildings. Direct type stairs occupy the most space, while they are the most comfortable of all. Marshmakers or staircases, except base and vertex, is not provided. For the direct marching staircase look appropriate, you need to take care of the environment.

Having such a staircase in the middle of the hall, it must be remembered that the style should be traditional. A used location will fit in almost any style, however, it is most interestingly looking in a modern avant-garde, if at the same time put color accents.

It is interesting to look simplified designs with a minimum of visible reference elements.

Swearing

The manufacture of rotary marching stairs allows you to save space allocated for the construction of a staircase. Here it is implied for at least one intermediate march - on the site of a break. The so-called turns are customary to have a wall at the corner, if it comes to a used location, or at the necessary height when placing between two walls. An example can be seen in the entrances of apartment floors. Rotary marching stairs is more difficult in manufacturing, but much more convenient in operation. They take not so much space, while the opportunity appears to rationally use the space at the wall, which often remains unused.

Thanks to such qualities, it is turning marching structures that is the most common option. When placing an inter-storey staircase for the cottage, the main task is to "domesticate" such a capricious subject. The unwitting association with high-rise buildings can kill all the comfort in the house. So that everything happens, pay special attention to the selection of materials suitable for these purposes.

You should try to refuse concrete, as well as too sharp corners. An example of a "treated" facility can be seen in the image below.

Curvilinear

The curvilinear marching stairs can also be called radial due to their curved form. If, in the case of turning options, it was about ninety-gradual turns, then the bends should be smooth, soft, unobtrusive. However, exceptions are also possible when the bending is strong, but the speech screw does not yet go. Since the rounded bends of the walls can be found quite rarely, it is impossible to conclude that radius stairs are made only in these cases. Much more often you can meet cases when the staircase is collected due to the fact that it expands the book.

The curvilinear designs are not as compact as screw, although they also allow to save a lot of space. Interestingly, they look in modern styles, but with notes of classics, for example, fusion. Sometimes the rotary stairs are made in order to emphasize the unusual form of a niche, which was assigned to the construction. Then it is advisable to make a radial staircase of almost the same scope as Niche itself.

Materials

Inter-storey cottage stairs are not built from such a large number of materials, as it might seem at first glance. Previously, the scatter of raw materials was much more, and now, with the proper budget, the choice of practical is not limited. However, the maternity hosts have long refused the abundance of materials that can easily be replaced by cheaper counterparts. For example, marble stairs are almost never found in private houses, but there is a cheaper equivalent, which is easy to give a marble appearance is concrete.

Undoubtedly, natural raw materials are still in honor. Many do not stop even quite high cost and difficulty in work. Materials from which you can build a staircase yourself deserve special attention, especially if you don't want to spend a lot of strength, money and time. For special details, you can contact a blacksmith workshop or to professionals, the work on the processing of the remaining elements is completely on the owner's shoulders.

Wood

A tree for many centuries does not give up its position. The best analogues in resistance, convenience in work, durability have not yet come up. The tree allows you to create a special atmosphere in the house, while even the most primitive staircase will look worthy. In this regard, many homegrown and professional masters choose it. It is worth noting that the cost of wood can fluctuate.

Of course, for the ladder, it is best to choose the most expensive solid array that is properly processed. However, some declare that a good solid staircase can be built from pressed sawdust, if you choose the MDF plate of sufficient thickness. In any case, it is impossible to leave a wooden staircase without processing.

It will take staining, etching or opening with varnish, which will lead to additional financial and labor costs. This fact should certainly consider.

Concrete

Ladders from concrete for the most part are associated with an intestine space in the entrances, and in vain. The current technologies allow you to make almost any designs from concrete both in difficulty and appearance. The material can be given any kind, while it will not differ at all from the original in the view of the inexperienced viewer. Until a certain time, a big problem when working with concrete was his impressive weight, however, in recent years the substance "facilitated" significantly ", and now the concrete ladder can weigh no more than metallic. At the same time, strength quality was not injured at all.

Some of the types of concrete can withstand constant contact with water, while water will not damage them. The complexity is to give the concrete elements of the necessary form. As experience shows, still it is best to contact a specialized agency for a concrete staircase, refusing attempts to make such a construct independently. It is not a fact that the resulting product will be appropriate quality, but a lot of money and time will be lost.

Metal

Metal stairs themselves can be found not so often. Much more often from metal, carriers and support elements or railings are manufactured. Metal structures can be appropriate only in some stylistic concepts, in many cases they will look too clean and futuristic, which is not always plus. With metal, it is possible to work well, especially if you own the Aza welding and forging. These works may need to be performed, especially if we are talking about openwork intricate structures.

Metal is a relatively supportive material, but not all its views are suitable for the construction of the stairs. For example, it is better to give up from aluminum, while steel and cast iron will fit perfectly. For many, big questions cause the weight of the finished design. Indeed, if the staircase is made only from the metal, it will have an impressive mass, so it is necessary to strengthen the foundation and inter-storey overlaps in places in which its installation is planned.

Design and calculation

Before proceeding with the construction of any design, it is necessary to first be carefully planted, ranging from the location and ending with the number of materials. It is necessary to approach this step as soon as possible, since the success of the entire enterprise depends on the preparation. Optimal values \u200b\u200bwill be given as an example, however, an important step is to remove their own measurements. To begin with, the drawing should be drawn on which all basic information will be clearly reflected. To do this, you need to make simple calculations using the step-by-step instructions below.

Based on these parameters, it is possible to calculate the number of necessary materials in the future and approximate how much time it is necessary to build, it is possible to cope with it alone, or have to resort to the help of a partner.

Number and height of steps

First of all, the height and number of steps are calculated. However, before proceeding directly to these calculations, need to learn the height of the ladder itself. It is done very simply: you just need to determine by measuring the height from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second floor. It can be done easier: take the height of the walls on the first floor and add the thickness of the overlap between the floors to this magnitude. For example, the height of the wall is equal to 3.1 m, the overlap thickness is 40 cm. Then the height of the stairs is 3.1 + 0.4 \u003d 3.5 m.

The height of the riser is standard And it can be fluctuated in the range of 15.2-19.7 cm. higher or below to make steps is not recommended, as they are inconvenient when lifting. You should choose any value in the specified limits, for the example, take 18 cm. To calculate the number of steps, the height of the stairs should be divided into the height of the riser: 350/18 \u003d 19.44 cm. Rounding is better in the most side: the number of steps will be equal to 20. With uncomplicated Recalculations It turns out that the height of the riser will be 17.5 cm: 350 (the height of the stairs) / 20 (number of steps).

Width

The width of the adoption should be within 22-40 cm. To calculate the width suitable for a particular case, there is a formula: the double height of the riser in the amount with the width of the adoption gives 64 cm. According to the second formula, the height of the riser, summed with the width of the adoption, gives 47 cm. It is worth considering how the formulas work.

64 - 17.5 (the width of the riser) \u003d 46.5 cm. In this case, the width turned out to be too large.
47 - 17.5 \u003d 32.5 cm. The width of the ads is at optimal limits, so you can take this value for the reference. It should be rounded up to 33 cm.

As practice shows, it will be suitable only by one of the formulas, so it's not to be lazy to calculate both on the first and second formula

Width Marsha

The minimum width of the staircase is 80 cm, however, it is not limited anywhere else. A greater emphasis is not done that it is necessary to make marches of some particular value, but on their number. It depends on the location of the stairs and is determined on the spot. It is worth noting a method for determining professionals.They choose a march with a width that can be divided without a residue to the width of the adoption. In our case, the following values \u200b\u200bare suitable: 66 cm (33x2), 99 cm (33x3), 132 cm (33x4) and so on.

Length of stairs

The length of the staircase is simply determined. To do this, you will need two previously derived values: the number of steps and width is done. It is necessary to multiply them: 33x20 \u003d 660 cm. The ladder is obtained very long, so you need to consider the options for the rotary or curvilinear staircase. Little in which houses can be placed almost 6.5 m long. The length of the screw staircase will need to count with the help of special programs.

Height of Sumset

This refers to the distance from the ceiling to steps. From this parameter, it depends on exactly the size of the hole in the second floor floor, to which the staircase is adjacent. It should be remembered that the clearance between the ceiling and the staircase should be at least 180 cm, ideally 200 cm. It should be noted under the opening where it is the distance between the ceiling and the step becomes less.

Length of Kourow

To calculate the length of the Kouryer, it will be necessary to use the Pythagora theorem: the length of the stairs in the square add to the height of the staircase in the square and output the square root. On our example it will turn out 660² + 350² \u003d 435600 + 122500 \u003d 558100; √558200 \u003d 747.06 cm. Take with a reserve, rounded up to 750 cm. As can be seen, the calculation scheme is quite simple. You can do without all kinds of professional values \u200b\u200bof the type of tilt angle, simply calculating all the necessary indicators, using school knowledge in mathematics. The slope of the stairs at the same time will be comfortable, so it will not be necessary to bend or be afraid to fall due to the fact that the staircase turned out too steep.

This article is a review on the most popular types of stairs, and also contains practical advice to make and calculate the stairs to the second floor in a private house with their own hands. Scheme, calculations, sizes, and drawings are attached. At the end of each chapter there is a video with a visual display of the design of the construction.

For ease of reading, the article is divided into several chapters:

the first chapter contains general recommendations;
the second chapter represents the methods of creating a project of a screw staircase, which can be used when working;
the third, the fourth and fifth chapter have examples of creating conventional structures from wood, concrete and metal;
the latter offers 10 design projects and responds to the question of optimal width.

For convenience, the article has a navigation panel, with which you can go to any item and start reading with the necessary chapter.

Example of a metal stairs project

How to calculate the staircase to the second floor in a private house with your own hands correctly - general recommendations

The staircase is used for comfortable movement between the floors. As a rule, this design is used daily - two-storey houses are most often built with the location of the bedrooms and the bathroom on the second floor. From this you can get the two most important rules when designing the design - security and convenience.

Above racks

Important: The staircase is a source of increased traumaticity for people of all ages. The fall can extremely negatively affect human health, because it should be made as safe as possible. For this there are several ways that allow you to completely minimize risks.

First of all, it is necessary to make steps of optimal height and width. On too high steps just stumble, and it is extremely difficult to go on a narrow, so you can easily slip. It is necessary to take into account this when designing, laying the size in advance to the project.

In a big house

The most optimal height of the steps can be considered 150-200mm. This is enough to make a confident step, without fear stumble or misconceve my leg. Depth, or width should be at least 200mm - this requirement is not difficult to get a person from the average length of the person.

In addition, each staircase is needed railing. They allow you to move with great comfort and safety - the risk of falling is significantly reduced.

Important: The material must be not slippery. The staircase is better not to do from a tile or lacquered tree - they have a smooth surface that is very uncomfortable for movement. If the tree is still used, it is not superfluous is the processing of emery paper or upholstery of the carpet.

Above the sofa

Convenience often depends on security. If the steps are safe, then, at the same time, will be comfortable. Of course, sometimes for the sake of convenience you can slightly retreat from standard sizes - if only a large growth person is used, you can make the height of the steps more than 200mm.

Schedule of the tilt of the stairs to the convenience of use

How to make a screw construction yourself

A spiral staircase has its own special appearance, at the expense of which the possibility of creating absolutely unlike anything appears. In addition, the screw design saves a lot of space on both floors by making the room more ergonomic.

Screw

Calculation of the screw staircase on the second floor

In the case of creating a screw staircase to the second floor, the calculation must be started from the number of steps and the height of their location. Based on the said in last chapter, the optimal height between the steps is 200mm, and the depth is 200-300mm. But it is necessary to take into account that the coil stairs have the form of expanding cones, therefore, their depth must be calculated by a special way.

With a central counter

It is better to use mathematical formulas to calculate. To begin with, you need to find out the length of the circumference of the structure. It is most convenient to do this with the formula 2 * 3,14 * R, where R is the width of the span. For example, with a width of a flight in 1000mm, a circle will be equal to 6280mm. To get the width of the stage from the outside, a sufficient distance to divide on the number of steps in one span. For example, at 10 stages, the distance will be 628mm, which will create a flat staircase without voids.

Screw model calculation scheme

The height of the structure is determined by the height of the room, as well as when creating a conventional staircase. The height between the steps should be optimal - for example, it is usually enough 150-250mm. The optimal height is better to count on the height of the room. For example, the height of the ceilings in the room is 2700mm. The steps will be thick 20mm, the thickness of the overlap is 150 mm.

Tip: Calculations must be started from the floor - the floor is a zero stage. First you need to summarize the height of the room and overlap, since it is for this distance should a staircase go. In this case, it equals 2850mm. To obtain the number of steps, it is necessary to divide it on the appropriate height of one step with its height - for example, 220mm. The result, with rounding, is 13 steps. The last, 13th step, in this case there will be a floor of overlapping the second floor.

Graphic construction and sizes

At this stage, it is best to create a project on paper. It is not necessary to make it as accurate as possible in the drawing plan, but even a simple sketch will help better understand the project.

Screw stairs on the second floor

When calculating the size, it is necessary to repel from the most comfortable width of the stairs at 800-1000mm. This is enough to pass even with a large cargo in the hands, while not embarrassing yourself in the movements (unfortunately, large-sized furniture will still have to lift through the windows).

Project screw model

A spiral staircase is a circle, because the diameter is equal to the addition of the width of the passages and, if the staircase is built with a central support, the size of the support. On average, the diameter of this design is 1600-2000mm, which is enough for its convenient use, regardless of the characteristics. In more detail in the table below

Tip: Very often the size of the stairs depends on the height of the ceiling. For a small country house, there is no point in making a very wide staircase - it will be enough to 700mm in order to go to the second floor. For attic performed exactly the same rule.

Video Project Staircase Screw Type

This video shows how to make stairs to the second floor in a private house with your own hands (the scheme and the size of the project are attached). The main points of installation, as well as all the features of working with this type of designs are shown.

Wooden staircase on the second floor with your own hands

The usual staircase can be built according to similar calculations and methods. The wooden staircase on the second floor in a private house is made with their own hands much easier by the screw, but it takes a relatively more space. Next, consider the main points of the calculation and video instructions.

From wood

Calculation of a wooden staircase for the second floor

In this case, it is necessary to repel from the same average values \u200b\u200b- with a depth of 200-250mm and a height of 200-250mm. The distance must be divided into the same way - leading calculation from the floor of the first floor to the floor overlapping the second.

Example of calculation

The calculation of the wooden staircase on the second floor should take into account the length - it is the addition of the depth of all the steps. The more they are, the greater the length itself will be. For a regular staircase indoor on average, 10-12 steps are enough, which will be tightly equal to 2000-2500mm with a depth of 200mm and 2500-3000mm with a depth of 250mm.

Draft stairs with a turn of 90 degrees

Tip: The width of a similar design should be 800-1000mm. This amount should provide complete freedom of action. Consequently, if the railing is scheduled, then for them there must be an additional place on the steps.

The opening of the design should begin with the place where less than 2000-2200mm remains from the stage to the ceiling - this is enough for any of the human growth. Do not make the opening too short - savings in this case can turn into inconvenience and additional labor costs.

Designations

If it is planned to create a turn, then it is necessary to calculate it with the same conditions - the only change is the width of the stage - the level in the area of \u200b\u200brotation is calculated similarly to the screw, but can be done with a stop in the wall.

Video instruction

This video is an instruction for designing and installing a wooden staircase with a turn of 90 degrees.

Concrete staircase on the second floor with your own hands - video instruction

Concrete is an excellent material for stairs - it is very durable and allows you to work with any volumes. Often, for such a design, it is enough just to collect the frame and pour it.

Formwork for concrete design

Important: It should be noted that the creation of a concrete staircase for the second floor with their own hands requires very large investments - a huge amount of concrete is due to a completely lit construction. Most likely you have to order a full-fledged concrete mixer - the usual manual method process will go extremely long.

Mounted design

To facilitate this process, you should additionally strengthen the span with different blocks. A good idea is to create a frame of foam blocks, for which the formwork is subsequently stacked. This allows you to get an additional space under construction and use it for shopping needs.

The video below shows the process of assembling the formwork and its influence with the image of the main points of work.

Metal staircase for the second floor with your own hands - calculation and video instructions

Metal is extremely plastic and while durable material. Metal staircase for the second floor with his own hands, unfortunately, is not the most comfortable - it is quite difficult to heat, but the strength will be very high. In addition, the staircase made of metal takes little space - it is relevant for homes with a small total area.

Design of iron

To the characteristics of the calculation in this case, the fact that the metal stage takes very little space. Usually its size equals 5-10mm, and with all the height of the design, their total volume rarely exceeds 90-100mm.

Calculations are no different from ordinary stairs, but with the difference that it is necessary to take into account the resistance of materials. For the design we advise you to use metal pipes with a wall thickness of at least 8mm, and for steps - the reinforcement is not thinner than 7mm. At the same time, with wide steps, you should use thickened options that will not be fed under the weight of a person.

Single-hour iron staircase for the second floor with your own hands

Tip: If the design is created from square profiles, it is worth selecting them with a cross section of at least 5mm - square profiles are much more stable than round, due to rigid faces. You can work with metal as welding and fasteners.

In the video, the following is an example of creating a metal staircase, which is subsequently trimmed by plasterboard. It displays the main points of work.

What should be the width of the stairs on the second floor in a private house - the right dimensions?

This question is purely personal. Despite the optimal width of the span in 800-1000mm, this value can be seriously varied depending on the personal preferences of the person. It must be borne in mind that the wider the opening will be, the more resources will be required.

Examples of the width of different types of stairs

It is worth installing a minimum border in 500mm - a narrower design will be completely uncomfortable for use, and some things or furniture will move it quite problematic. The maximum border depends exclusively from the room, but still, you should not make a width more than 2000-2500mm, especially in cases where the staircase is not the main in the lobby.