Construction of carcass houses turnkey - a priority direction for the company "Dreparevo". We are building on this technology for more than 15 years, so we can offer customers excellent conditions for the purchase and construction of country housing.

We can buy a frame house inexpensively in the Moscow region and regions. Availability of the price can be held in the following solutions:

we have a huge catalog of ready-made projects, so that when ordering a project, you do not need to additionally pay for the work of the architect;

construction in typical development goes faster, the masters are familiar with the design and subtlety;

we know what can be saved, and where the savings are unacceptable. Therefore, we developed a series of inexpensive frame houses with a special complete set. They implemented all the advantages of technology, while the cost remains accessible;

we have our own production of impregnated wood, country housing is built on the "eternal" framework without additional charges;

we cooperate with manufacturers of modern insulation, window and door structures, so prices for our customers are lower than market.

We offer to build a turnkey frame house in Moscow for 4-8 weeks. The duration of construction and the ability to build at minus temperatures also have a positive effect on the cost - our workers are busy all year round, and the buyer has the opportunity to build a country housing at a convenient time for it.

Features of our carcase houses turnkey

Regardless of the price, the construction of framework houses under key is carried out with a clear observance of technology and the use of quality materials. Wood with stabilized humidity is used for the frame, which does not shrink and retain its geometry under the influence of atmospheric phenomena and operational loads. Warming of walls, gender and overlaps is performed efficient, safe for health material from basalt fiber. The design of the design from moisture and wind is performed, the roof ventilation is equipped.

To find out which frame houses will cost inexpensively, use the online calculation service on our website. Also a detailed description of the projects you will find in our catalog.

The duration of construction of multi-storey panel structures is depending on the total floor, however, as a rule, it lasts no more than 12 months.

There are several types of panel houses:

• Frame-panel buildings. The house consists of columns, overlapping interpanel type and walls. Frame construction is suitable for residential buildings with a small number of floors.
• Frameless structures. The longitudinal carrier wall rests on the transverse non-carrying.

The originality of the typical building with panel buildings is an easily accessible home in the most compressed dates. The design of the panel house for the present period allows the housing issue. The demand for a cheap dwelling is high, and thanks to the developers, the selection of economical housing becomes freer and colorful in the direct and portable value of the phrase.

Typical buildings of past years

Standard construction in Russia started at Peter I in St. Petersburg. Practically from girlfriend, by analogy with rural Mazans, clay buildings were erected. Such a dwelling was extremely economical and harmless, since clay is a material sustainable fire.

By the beginning of the 20th century, when a period of state coups, a project was developed on the territory of the architect Le Corbusier in Russia, the project called "Domino" was carried out, which suggested the construction of Paris with type-old residents. The plan was never implemented, but it was he who made the starting point of the new modernist destination in architectural art and became referred to as brutalism. The key feature is a finish of structures with the help of untreated concrete. A vivid example of the style is the monuments of communism located on the territory of Bulgaria and the countries of the former Yugoslavia.

During this period, Corbusier came to Moscow and met the main Soviet constructivists of Konstantin Melnikov, Moses Ginzburg and spring brothers. Inspired by the projects of the architect from France, they built more than two hundred buildings in the capital.

One of such structures today is the building of the Moscow Centraulus. After that, a period of construction of panel houses was started.

Types of residential buildings

Before keeping talking about "panels", it is necessary to consider the available types of apartment buildings. For the entire period of the existence of a typical building, the design and construction of buildings of a variety of series were carried out. Some of them have official names, "folk" nicknames were glued to others. Nevertheless, each of these species is highlighted by its own original characteristic.

• Block housing. The building of this type is erected from the concrete block. The difference between block and panel houses is that the first are assembled from blocks similar to each other, panel, in turn - from a certain number of pieces of figure type. This quality of block structure makes it possible to redecessing, knit interroom overlap and connect the premises. Of the minuses - low-quality plaster and uneven ceiling. Official cipher series || -18.
• "Stalinki". Houses belong to the elite type of residential building. They are distinguished by comfortable, spacious apartments, high ceilings, comfortable entrances. Lined mainly on the central streets of the city. The leading building material that was used during the construction is brick and slagoblock. The construction of Stalin's houses ended in 1956, they were replaced by budget "Khrushchevki".
• "Khrushchevki". Traditional five-story buildings, which were erected at the board of Khrushchev. A feature of this type of apartment is the presence of small kitchens, ceilings up to 2.5 meters and combined bathroom. The garbage chute and elevator in such dwellings were not envisaged. Construction passed promptly, which had an impact on the level of material quality, and as a rule, at home was erected near the metro station. Bad thermal insulation is the main minus of Khrushchev.
• "Brezhnevka". The name originated from the gene. Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Brezhneva L.I. The construction of residential facilities of this type continued until 1980. Actual is advanced Khrushchev with high ceilings, garbage chute and elevator.
• Individual types of apartment buildings. To date, one of the most famous types. Brick high-rise buildings, the form and improvement of which are not limited to almost no framework.
• The price of housing in this building is high, but it is stacked, in addition to other household goods, the close arrangement of ecological zones: park zones, rivers.
• Monolithic houses. The unique property of monolithic structures is the lack of seam on the walls. Such buildings are erected from concrete. Directly on the construction site create a formwork and poured it with concrete, giving up different architectural forms in the future. Often, the monolithic buildings say that the walls in such dwellings do not "breathe", nevertheless the concept of "respiration" of walls is no more than the national standard.
• Cypic-monolithic houses. The basis of such an object is built by their monolithic reinforced concrete blocks, and the outer walls are laid out with a brick. The brick-monolithic house has good sound and thermal insulation.
• Brick housing. Such houses are high-quality structures with a relatively high cost. Apartment brick object refer to elite housing type. The duration of the construction of a multi-storey house is about two years.
• Panel house. This type of housing is divided into several categories:
  • Large share house. Apartments with spacious cuisine and quadrature up to 70 m.
  • Housing middle class. Quadrature no more than 60 m2.
  • The most budget solution of the panel apartment. Small kitchen room.

Panel house: pros and cons

As mentioned earlier, one of the benefits of the panel house is the operational period of its construction. Well-known stereotypes are: a cheap home without the necessary number of comfortable living conditions, a low ceiling, construction materials of weak quality, lack of uniqueness. Clearly note the properties of the panel house:

• Efficiency. The construction of a panel type house, as a rule, covers no more than one year, which is cost-effective both for buyers and developers. The speed of execution of all works provides an opportunity without much risk to buy an apartment even during the period of recovery. This significantly reduces the return time of the project.
• Production process. The automated process of making each panel reduces the possibility of marriage, which is characteristic of man's work over the part. The technology of forming a reinforced concrete block section guarantees the highest quality.
• Large details. Implement control over the assembly of panel buildings in the presence of a large size of the panels is much easier, which affects the quality of the future panel house.

The construction of panel houses in nine floors requires about 450 panels for each building.

• The season during which construction is carried out, does not matter much. The breeding methodology provides the ability to not suspend work in winter due to technological processes and high-quality frost-resistant material.
• Standard. Often the door and window opening in the panel apartment have a standard size. This in turn means that future owners will not face the problems of selecting atypical doors and windows.
• Price. The panel line acts as an affordable object due to low-cost technologies of formation and construction.
• Operating time. Based on the design calculations, the operational period of the panel house is up to 50 years, but the actual service period reaches more than 100 years.
• Repair work. The inner plane of the panel is smooth, which frees the upcoming owners from excessive costs for additional facing operation. Internal panel systems do not need capital preparatory processes before applying paint or bleaching wallpaper. From among the benefits of panel type high-rise buildings, it is necessary to note the presence of a uniform drawdown, which provides the ability to start finishing work immediately.

From time to time, the living space in the panel house is sold immediately with the finish, which makes it possible to enjoy indoors immediately after passing the object and a certain period to live without fully repairs.

What is bad panel house?

• Planning. Mostly walls in the panel dwelling bearing. Refirm can not be redeveloped.
• Bad level of sound and thermal insulation. The thickness of the walls in the panel apartment cannot protect against sound noise. In addition, in the winter period of time in the room is pretty cool, and in the summer - hot. The audibility is very high, so, for example, the conversation of the tenants of the neighboring apartment is perfectly determined. In particular, this refers to the old houses of this species.
• Dampness. Often due to low-quality material or a long period of operation at the junction of the seams in the corner of the room there are cracks. Through them, the moisture is selected in the living space, which adversely affects the repair. In the old "panel" you can find a wet stain on the wall in the corner, under the ceiling or windowsill. In case the ventilation system in the building is broken, mold or fungal education appears on the wet stain section.
• Heat accumulation in the panel construction is low. The walls are quickly cooled at a minus temperature, because of this, the owners must partially dump the street. In addition, the concrete wall is quickly warming up and transfers heat in the summer, which becomes hot in the room.
• Mandatory interpanel seams are also a minus panel house. Such an element of construction requires a high level of sealing. In the case of the appearance at the junction of the seams and in the corners of the gaps, it is possible to penetrate into the residential premises of moisture, as a result of which the level of sound and thermal insulation becomes more worse.
• Lack of underground parking. This lack of a panel house is an irresistible factor with which residents have only to accept.

Monolithic or panel housing?

In the event that the buyer arises a problem, in which building it is more expedient to purchase a living space and what the difference between the monolithic house from the panel, it is necessary to clearly know about the leading types of apartment structures.

If the price of the apartment in that and other house suits the owner, then it is necessary to focus and give preference to housing in the house of monolithic type. A similar type of residential facility notes the absence of interpanel seams, has a wide method, an unusual layout, the possibility of self-combination of rooms. The thickness of the walls in the monolithic apartment has high sound insulation.

Apartment in a brick or panel house?

With a separate analysis of the brick and panel residential facility, it is necessary to designate that the brick house is built much less often, as it has time-consuming processes and large financial costs. In addition, the brick residential object does not have outer interpanel seams, retains heat, suppressing noise.

The advantages of the modern panel house will take a little later, since a large number of minus the last century is no longer relevant.
Below are important properties for which you need to pay attention to the selection of housing:

• Panel house. It has low heat and sound insulation. Operating period of about 50 years. It is built in one year and has a model layout.
• Brick house. It has high sound and thermal insulation. The design period of the building is about 150 years. It is erected within two and a half years with freezing in the winter period. Planning Here in such houses is carried out, based on the preferences of the customer.
• Monolithic house. High sound and thermal insulation. Service life of about 150 years. Erect lasts up to two years with freezing for the winter. Apartments in such houses have an individual layout.

Eco-friendly house: what to choose?

Often, in view of the need to save, we neglect the level of quality of building material, and sometimes we do not think at all about the level of environmental friendliness and influence on tenants.

The 21st century is the century of automation and mechanization of technological processes, including in the field of construction. During the production of building material - concrete, ceramic brick, reinforced concrete and other, waste chemical and metallurgical industries are used, which makes it possible to reduce the price of the cost of the finished product.

In the event that the owner is important in the level of the security and environmental friendliness of the apartment, then in favor of these properties will be a brick type house.

Walls built of bricks durable and frost-resistant. In addition, such a house has good thermal conductivity.

Reinforced concrete building material is a durable product that is steadily in front of physical and chemical factors. It is resistant to corrosion and fire, and also does not miss moisture.

Low heat resistance and air permeability of the apartment negatively affects the climate in the rooms, carrying out a violation of the natural ventilation system. Initially, it refers to Soviet panels.

Ventilation system in the house panel type

The system of ventilation of a large-pointed house, as a rule, has a supply-exhaust system of work. From the living space, there are two exits to the general ventilation unit - from the kitchen room and the bathroom, which among themselves have no intersection. The thrust appears in the ventilation channel due to the natural inflow of oxygen and the temperature mode in the room and outside the window. In order for the natural hood of the room to function, you need to open the windows and run into the room fresh air.

So, for example, if one of the cons of the panel five-story building is bad thermal insulation, the open window in the winter period is unlikely to have the necessary effect. Room ventilation will certainly come true. In addition, it will be possible to put a part of a harmful gas from the street in return for a warm room. A similar picture will not make a single owner, is not it?

Then the device of the supply ventilation system called the breeze comes to the rescue. The breeze carries out air purification from harmful gas inclusion, dust and bacteria by venting the room even with the window closed. Another unique property of the breeze is to heal fresh air to the temperature regime in the room.

Panel housing at different times

The new buildings of the panel type have a significant difference from the Soviet brothers in that they eliminated many of the shortcomings of the past time:

• Diversity and recognition. A distinctive feature of many current residential facilities is the presence of numerous options, color solutions and external facing of buildings. The period of boring gray house panel type is over.
• Improved layout. Roses the pitch of the carrier wall. In the old panel type apartment, it was a little more than 3 m, and in the new reaches 6.5 m. High ceiling, wide room, comfortable configuration.
• Convenience. The buyer can buy a living space immediately with a glazed balcony or several bathrooms.

In the near future, a great increase is expected in economic development. Ecology and aesthetics of panel houses are improved annually. To date, there is no need for every decade to conduct an update or repainting the facade of the building. Due to the latest technologies, the production of reinforced concrete block sections provides for the addition of the coloring element directly into the concrete.

The design of the panel house makes it possible to accommodate a balcony and a loggia in various rooms of living space. As a result, engineers are glad to expand the range of architectural compositions of new residential type panel objects. It helps to exercise free planning and creating apartments in several levels. The presence of underground parking, bright decorative solutions on the outer facing wall are the advantage of a new panel building, which does not have differences from the elite high-rise building. The lower floors, as a rule, are rented under the office, beauty salon, pharmacy, shop and other convenience necessary for a comfortable stay.

Any of the above buildings has its pros and cons. Perhaps, in the future, a completely housing method will arise, and so far, when the apartment is selected it is more expedient to repel from their own capabilities and preferences.

Panel cottages sometimes seem to be aliens from the past, they are strongly reminded to all the "panels" who came, live in which was considered not the best option. However, today the Liberal panels are often used for private construction. And it is precisely because they have a number of huge advantages over other types of structure. But before building a house from such panels, you need to deal with the features that have panel houses, and to solve the main issue for many developers - how to determine the bearing walls.

Material material and its characteristics

To determine the difference between the usual brick house and the structure of the progress, it is necessary to figure out what material is offered on the market. The standard concrete concrete is distinguished by the presence of an inner steel structure. The process of casting is associated with the introduction of the plates of the reinforcement frame in the "body", due to which the load resistance increases, the ability to resist bending and significantly increases the strength of products. Such high-quality characteristics allowed manufacturers to produce ready-made block elements suitable for the construction of multi-storey buildings in the most modern projects.

Advantages and disadvantages

Despite the fact that the panel houses at all on hearing, the repetition of minuses and advantages can be useful. So, first about shortcomings:

1. Bad thermal insulation;
2. Low noise insulation;
3. The coldness and massiveness of the wall panels.

It was this typical and became the main argument that the opponents of the Zhby plates took the base. These shortcomings were relevant 20-25 years ago, today's reinforced concrete is composite materials having a polymer base. Due to the presence of polymers, the plates retain all the unique parameters of strength and practicality, but at the same time it weighs little. The surface of the elements is always covered by a special composition that repels water, due to the same, high energy efficiency is preserved and the permeability of sounds is reduced. But this is not all the advantages of the material:

• Speed. The house from the progress is built literally commemorated. Large sizes of elements allow you to build a house literally in a matter of weeks.
• The strength and durability of the material is also known for a long time. As experts are joking, the house from the progress is able to confront even a small explosion, not to mention the hurricane winds, shoes and snowfall.
• All-season buildings.
• Variability of buildings.
• Canceled fire safety.
• The possibility of finishing with any grain material.
• Inexpensive cost of products compared to other construction materials.

The advantages of the Ruby provide. That is why, assuming and wanting to reduce not only temporary, but also financial costs, it is necessary to consider the plates of reinforced concrete as the main material of the construction.

Private construction of houses from the Zhby panels: Stages and Technology

Considering how the panel houses are built, it is necessary to initially determine that this is a process associated with the use of special equipment. Even the lightweight panel weight requires lifts.

Important! In the panel house all the walls of more than 140 mm are considered carriers! The wall thickness is measured without layers of plaster and wallpaper. The inner walls are a bit thinner, 80-120 mm. In the event that the carrier wall from the manufacturer comes with a thickness of 120 mm, see the project - such values \u200b\u200bare also allowed, but with engineering calculations and justifications.

So, the stages of construction.

1. Design. An important step on which the process of elapping estimated documentation occurs, the size and filling of the house are determined, including not only the outer walls, but also internal partitions, overlaps, openings, etc.

Important! A properly compiled project will save the owner from overpowering materials. Here it is impossible to write off "for overruns", since the panels are brought in strictly limited quantities. And remember that it is not necessary to choose a typical project - a variety of material formats allows you to embody literally any fancy developer.

1. Foundation. Panel weight requires a solid foundation. The base may be tape, but very well beaten. In concrete fill, the framework of the reinforcement is built. The height of the bearing base is an average of 160-180 cm, of which at least 140 cm are located underground. The width of the foundation from 40 cm. Be sure to lay in the trench of a sand pillow, which performs the role of drainage. The carrier casting is made from the cement brand not lower than M250. The ventilation holes are paved in the process of casting a concrete base. Most often, these are gloomy, located a little higher than the level of the soil.

Tip! All-season foreseement is known, but it's better not to fill the foundation for the reason for the bottom. In the heat for uniformity of drying the mixture, it is recommended to water the top of the bearing base with water to warn cracking.

1. Installation of wall panels and overlaps. Alone, the construction of panel private houses is not conducted, it is not a brick. Here we need a technique, so it should be pre-prepared the foundation, to ride a number of materials, and then hire a lift. The construction is carried out quickly, so the crane will not need for a long time.

Tip! Bring all the materials on the construction site is not entirely convenient - bulky panels will literally float the plot, and move around it to commit the construction process will be difficult

1. Installing walls. Everything is simple here, it is enough to see photos of projects and workplaces. A truck crane, a concrete mixer and a welding machine will be required. The first will raise the panels, a mixer to prepare a solution that is useful for seeding seams, and the device will help link the elements of the structure into a single integer. Due to the accelerated process, the financial costs are really low, even if the developer hires professional masters team.
2. Crossing the roof, like the overlaps it will not be difficult, if you precisely follow the project. Powerful foundation will withstand any overlaps, which should also be solid. The rafter system is selected depending on the type of roof, and here there are no restrictions - see photos of houses from the Zhby panels and choose any roof. The advantage of buildings is that almost any material forms: from soft roll sheets to iron.
3. Warming, finish. Any house must be insulated. But everything depends on the type of plates. If ordinary progress products are selected, does not interfere with the layer of insulation, waterproofing and final coating. And, for example, if you use European slab elements, they are some puff "pie" with the presence of insulation inside. First reinforced concrete, then the layer of the insulation and completes all the plaster. At the same time, the owner does not have to pay extra for the inner finish of the wall panels - it is already there! There will be enough seams and you can live.

Tip! Such a "cake" technology is well suited for overlapping. Such structures differ in a slight weight, which will reduce the load on the foundation, high heat-saving and noise-absorbing qualities.

As for the facade of the structure, his finish in the hands of the host. Very often, houses from reinforced concrete are left in real form. But if you want, you can apply any materials - on the plates there is both paint and plaster, tile, cladding of stone and other materials. An important part of construction work is that the cottages built from the progress plates do not require preliminary trim or putty. They are ready for design in any stylistic key immediately after the construction.

Construction on the basis of flat reinforced concrete panels was born at the very beginning of the 20th century. Conducts for the world's first project of a large-pointed house a lot - after World War II, almost all of Europe was engaged in searching for a quick and cheap housing problem.

The abroad will not help

In 1927, the numerous delegation of Soviet specialists is heading to Germany to study the German experience of mass housing construction of suburban workers. Our architects and engineers are more interested in the system of industrialized houses based on pexob concrete panels, developed and actively advertised by the German architect Ernst Maime.

The delegation of Soviet specialists meets the construction of a worker village on the project of Ernsta Main in the suburbs of Frankfurt-on Main

Panels size 3 × 1.10 × 0.20 m and weighing 726 kg are installed with a small crane. Installation of a 2-storey building with a cellar takes from 1.5 to 17 days, depending on the number of workers employed on the construction. And May put on the conveyor not only the production of houses, but also the entire system of designing the working settlement as a whole.

The working settlement of Pronheim, built on the project E. Mai in 1927-28.

Working settlement, modern view.

Ernst May, together with a large group of foreign architects, was invited to the Soviet Union and worked with us for several years, but he had to design the Soviet city of the future, located behind the Urals, not from the concrete latal in our country, but mostly from more affordable wood. In 1933, May left the USSR.

From Boezovsk to Sokolina Mountain

The active scientific development of the problems of industrialization of housing construction began in 1940, in the Research Institute of Construction Engineering Academy of Architecture of the USSR team under the leadership of Kuznetsov. However, the war interrupted these works. As a result of the era of large-passenger house-building in our country, it came only in 1945 and not in Moscow, and in the distant Ural city of Berezovsk. It was there at the end of 1945, on the basis of the construction constructions built over the year before the Berezovsky plant, the first in the USSR large-pasted one-storey house with an incomplete framework on the project of architects G. Potapov and G. Rostov.

2-Haliable large-scale house in Berezovsk built in 1946

Berezovskaya series of low-rise prefabricated large-pointed houses was replicated in the working villages of the Sverdlovsk region until 1951. For exterior walls, 3 × 3 m with mineral felt were used. Between the panels were combined with mounting loops, the joints were combined with mineral felt. The facades were decorated with concrete cornices, horizontal traction, nachets, attached steel bolts.

In Moscow, experimental series of frame and frame-panel houses were designed parallel to several teams. Since 1947, almost every year is marked by the implementation of a new experimental project. In 1947-48, the project developed by the construction equipment of the Academy of the USSR architecture (arch. B. Bogomolov, Ing. G. Kuznetsova), the first experimental frame-panel house with a full frame of steel is being built on a falcony mountain.

The house with the planning of the corridor type had a three-gun transverse steel frame with the sizes of the spans 5.24 + 1.78 + 5.24 m. In the course of further experiments from the steel frame in housing construction, reinforced concrete. Also, on the experience of this first house, it became clear that more reliable and hermetic, protected from purging the solution for docking and fixing panels. When building a house on a falconry grief, a significant part of the work occurred at the construction site: the device of heat and vapor insulation of wall panels, the inner decoration with gypsum small plates - everything was done in the construction conditions, which reduced the speed of construction.

Experimental Quarter

Already in the next, 1949 in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Khoroshevsky highway begins the construction of a series of experimental frame-panel sectional houses developed by the Moshorproekt (Arch. M. Posokhin and A. Mdoyantz, Ing. V. Belarus). In 6 houses of the first stage, they still did not have time to abandon the steel frame, but in the future they switched to the construction of reinforced concrete.

Quarter of frame-panel houses 1948-1952, Arch. M. Posokhin, A.Mdoyantz, V. Belarus

The reinforced concrete frame of the houses of this series consists of two-storey columns with consoles and relying on the console of the riglels. High rise of houses with 4 floors in the first stage by the end of construction in 1952 increased to 10 floors. This tendency is to start with a small floor, and then gradually by the end of the experimental period, it is preserved in the following experimental Moscow series of houses. True, in this experienced construction project, it was not yet possible to fully realize the idea of \u200b\u200bthe industrial production of all elements of the house: the panels were not in the factory, but right on the construction site in the metal formwork, the joints were embedded with forests. Nevertheless, the house was built for a record short time: at first for 90-100, and by 1951 in just 60 working days. The construction of a similar brick house would take at least a year.

House design on Khoroshevsky highway: a - general scheme; 1 - rack; 2 - Rigel; 3 - overlap panel; 4 - Sleep panel; 5 - window panel; 6 - Gypsopilic plates of the partition; B - Detail of fastening outdoor wall panels to overlapping. The fastening of the outer wall panels to the frame and overlaps was made by strip compensatory plackets and bolts, followed by compounds. The exterior wall panels were installed on the other on the solution, vertical joints in order to eliminate the injection and freezing were filled with warm solution. (Source: Drozdov P. F., Sebebin I. M. Design of large-panel buildings (frame and frameless). M., Stroyzdat, 1967)

In total from 1949 to 1958 in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Good Highway (Kuusinennaya Street, Zorge, Dobrolyubov and the 1st Kostovsky Pr-d), 21 house of the experimental frame-panel series height from 4 to 10 floors with cozy inner courtyards was built. Today, this building spoils only the concrete architectural decor in many places.

Experimental frame-panel houses. 1949-50. Arch. M. Posokhin and A.Mdoyantz, Ing. V. Belarus

Experiments on sandy

In 1948, the metropolitan press wrote: "These houses are the beginning of the new Moscow street that is born on the wasteland at the Falcon. She will connect Leningrad and good highway. 14 residential buildings are laid and built. In each 44 apartments. Different prefabricated details for construction are made immediately in many plants. " We are talking about the beginning of mass development of the sandy streets area, where a large-scale experiment on the speed of 300 hectares, a large-speed construction experiment turned on with a new flowing method of prefabricated carcase houses of the experimental series.

Constructive scheme of frame-panel houses on ul. New sandy in Moscow. Plates with a thickness of 40 mm with edges along the contour with filling in foam concrete blocks with a volume weight of 600 kg / m 3

The building was carried out by a brigade of architects in N. Sweden, A. Bologon, M. Zilberglete, Andreeva, Engineer L. F. Brenkevich under the direction of Z. Ozenfeld. The director general of the territory was developed by architects Z. Rosenfeld and P. Pomazanov. Due to the complex development, the area received a convenient, complete planning with cozy yards, its own central square and a wide central boulevard.

Novopescha Street in the 1960s.

The first stage of construction (1948-1949) included four-storey houses. Corner buildings, designing the area, ended with attic unusual for Moscow, and their central sections had increased floors. The facades of the houses of the first stage are lined with light silicate brick. Decorative elements on the facade for those times the minimum: houses of houses are decorated with concrete blocks that simulate Rust, the window openings of the first floor are framed by the concrete platbands. All architectural elements were manufactured at the factory. In addition to the full factory readiness of the elements, construction accelerated and thanks to the streaming method, at which the assembly was carried out at once all the houses of the quarter. The four-storey house was built for 96, and the 5-storey - for 120 business days.

On the second stage (1949-51), the floors were raised to 6-8 floors, on the third (1950-1955) - up to 6-9 floors. For corner houses, architects also offered a more diverse architecture - on one of the facades, seven-piece ceramic blocks are used. Motor sections, mezzanine, arches and pools make a variety of build structure. True, part of the concrete decor could not withstood the test of time and was dismantled due to pedestrian safety reasons. In addition to residential buildings in this microdistrict, schools were built - on the same frame-panel technology, according to typical projects. In the houses of the 3rd queues, many first floor were allocated to non-residential features - shops, residential services, kindergartens, etc. Recently the building ensemble of sandy streets 1947-1955. Received the status of the territory of historical and cultural significance.

To be continued

Images: M. Meerovich, Archiday.com, Pastvu.com, Moya-moskva.LiveJournal.com, Synthart.LiveJournal.com, FrankFurter-bilderBogen.de

• Topics:

The technology of panel house-building appeared in our country about half a century ago. Five-storey panels- "Khrushchevki" or later typical nine-story houses are familiar, probably every Russian. However, this housing has ceased to meet the needs of buyers over time.

Old VS new panel

The main disadvantages of old panel houses are faceless facades, very large apartments, poor noise and thermal insulation, monotonous layouts. According to Svetlana Shmakova, Vice-President Sapsan, the old ill-conceived planning with Khrushchev's kitchens for 6-8 square meters, as well as long and narrow corridors, have long been irrelevant, and long and narrow corridors, because of which many useful areas are lost.

The modern panel allows you to more flexibly solve construction issues. It is easier for her to "fit up" under the new town planning, volume-planning, architectural requirements. The main advantage of the new technology is the ability to finalize the planning "under the customer". Reinforced concrete structures allow you to erect objects of any complexity with various types of facades and types of facing materials.

So, specifically for the first stage of construction of the LCD "River Park" company "LSR" designed a non-standard model of the EUROP series buildings. In this series, the project developer can choose to build various arrangements of 25 apartments, among which have compact studios with an area of \u200b\u200b25-28 square meters. M. At the same time, the height of the ceilings is 2.8 meters.

LCD "River Park"

Of course, not all new series suggest optimal configurations of rooms, kitchens and balconies. But the panel house with free layout is now a completely common option.

"For 10-15 years of market development, the old series has already been partially improved, the qualitative characteristics of panel houses have improved"

Alexander Teeth, "New Vatutinki"

From innovations, it is also worth noting special designs for air conditioners and public areas on the first floors. It became possible to build a different plane houses, a block section appeared with apartments of various rooms. The modern panel, in contrast to the old, insulated and thickened, and when installed, the new seam technology applies. Therefore, all past drawbacks (bad thermal insulation and severe audibility) are already irrelevant. Stayed in the past and small kitchens. Modern kitchen of the panel house on average has an area of \u200b\u200b10-14 square meters.

The guaranteed life of new "panels", thanks to constructive and technological features, increased twice and amounts to about 100 years. Therefore, such houses in the coming decades will not go under demolition. In some cases, they will require serious reconstruction, such as, for example, in the case of wet facades (plaster). This option, compared to mounted and brick facades, is extremely short-lived. As if qualitatively, the developer does not make the walls, at best they will lose color, and in the worst case, they still crack.

However, in terms of construction, the panel houses of the old and new series are practically no different. As Georgy Novikov told, the head of the Department of Analysts and Consulting of Miel-Novostroy, the duration of the installation phase, possibly decreased, but slightly (the residential building of the typical panel series is mounted for 10 months). But if we consider the overall construction cycle from a legal point of view (from recovery to commissioning), it has not changed and is about 1.5 years.

Leader in the panel housing market- P-44T / K

According to experts, the most popular panel series today is P-44T / K. Such houses are characterized by more interesting planning solutions and a small number of apartments on the floor. Popular series "Europe", "Hrad" (Grad-1m, Grad-2m, Grad-4m).

An example can also be given a panel series "Peak-1" GK "Peak", designed from scratch. Its innovation is at a lower production cost.

Another example is the "Dommam" series, the own development of the developer of GVSU Center. It features the variability of facades, including the presence of design solutions of houses with stained glass and veneer of ventfassades.

At the moment, quite a lot of new buildings are erected using a modern panel. Thus, the "LSR Group" builds several facilities in the capital at once on new technology, among which the residential complex of the comfort class "Ray" in the area of \u200b\u200bSolntsevo, a residential complex in the region of Beskudnikovsky and residential buildings in the Dmitrovskoye highway. As Konstantin Kuznetsov told, managing "LSR. Construction - Moscow, "in the LCD" Luchi "(Series" Europe ") will be built by 9 different-storey residential buildings from 6 to 25 floors with apartments of various squares and layouts.

According to experts, approximately half of the volume in the houses of the panel series falls on the new generation panel. In particular, among the projects in the "old" Moscow, the implementation of which began the last two years, in the seven residential complexes are built by corps according to the most modern technologies: "River Park" (Series "Europe"), "Warsaw Highway, 141", "Meshchersky Forest "," Yelninskaya, 14B "(all three - Series" Peak-1 ")," Mitino Mir "," Olgino Park "in the town of Zheleznodorozhny (" Dommam "series) and" Nekrasovka "(Domrick). The new microdistrict in Yuvao Moscow - LCD "Quarters 21/19" is built up with P-44T / k.

"In the new series of residential buildings, the rate is made on an attractive architectural appearance, energy efficiency, functionality and convenience of planning solutions"

Igor Sibrenkov, Morton-Invest LLC

New panel housekeeping technologies are used in Zelenogradsky LCD (Andreevka) and Domodedovo Park (Domodedovo). The construction of houses in Zelenograd is underway with the use of sandwich panels with an additional 25-centimeter insulation. A distinctive feature of the houses is mirror glazing. In the LCD "Domodedovo Park" in a number of buildings there are houses of the Europa panel series, which differ in a seamless "warm" facade.

Panel VS Monolith

Modern panel houses are often so similar to monolithic buildings that many buyers do not immediately distinguish the panel from monolith. Thus, the boundaries between different types of housekeeping are gradually erased. Soviet stereotypes that the panel house is an economy version with all the consequences that arise from this go back. Therefore, if in the same project there is both panel and monolithic houses, then the first is often even buying more due to lower cost.

Some buyers are confused by the fact that compared to the monolithic house in the panel more bearing walls, so the options of "alterations" of the apartments are somewhat limited. But residents can still, for example, expand the bathroom at the expense of the corridor area or transfer the doorway. On the other hand, in a monolithic house during repair, it is necessary to spend additional funds for the construction of walls. However, it is worth noting that less and less buyers are wondering the redevelopment issue and want to buy the finished housing "turnkey". And this means, the panel house-building offers today the most optimal options suitable for the average family.

According to Andrei Kolochinsky, managing partner of GK "Vector Stroyfinance", panel houses are popular with developers primarily due to the speed of their erection. Such a building is built 1.5-2 times faster than similar in size monolithic house. Monolith is, as a rule, an individual project, so in the course of construction there may be unforeseen problems that require new architectural and technical solutions. Because of this, the speed of construction is braked. In addition, the coordination of project documentation for an individual monolithic project lasts much longer than for panel, because such projects require a separate examination, as they are not familiar to the authorities, unlike the standard panel.

"Modern panel houses look no worse than those that were built on an individual design project"

Maria Lithinetskaya, Metricium Group

Developers prefer panels and purely economic considerations. In the early 2000s, up to 60-70% of the buildings of Moscow accounted for typical construction - panel houses. For the first time, the proportion of monolithic housekeeping exceeded panel in 2004 and already in 2006 it almost reached 80%. The new stimulus for the emergence of typical new buildings was the crisis of 2008-2009. So, in 2009, half of the objects published was panel houses. In 2010, the share of such buildings increased by 1.5-2 times compared with the pre-crisis period.

Nevertheless, from the mid-2000s, the monolithic house building confidently holds leadership in Moscow, and from 2012 to 2014 it accounted for almost 90% of the capital's new buildings. In 2016, the situation has changed. The share of supply in panel houses in the mass segment of the primary market "Old" Moscow was 23%. For comparison: at the end of 2015, the apartment in the panel houses occupied only 12% of the Moscow market.

The distribution of the supply volume expressed in the total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the construction technology relative to the total supply of the company, according to the company, it looks like this (for July 2016).