Water heating system. Boyler of indirect heating: the principle of operation and the rules of the independent connection

Have problems with hot water? The situation will save the nozzle for the water heating - a device embedded in the kitchen or bathroom faucet and providing residents of a country house or an apartment with water with the required temperature. The compact water heater on the tap is recommended for use in cottages, which are located far from the central network of water supply. You do not need to purchase a single nozzle and the crane. In specialized stores of plumbing can already buy a flow mixer with a water heater for a kitchen or a bathroom. It is suitable for apartment buildings.

It is advantageous to install it in apartments, where for the summer period is disconnected by hot water or its temperature in the system does not correspond to the regulatory indicators. In such cases, contemporaries usually install the water heater, but the nozzle to the crane, which can be used in fact in any plumbing store, will cost 7 times cheaper. Recalls the mixer with the heater and in emergency situations. The scope of application of plumbing equipment is extensive. You can install a crane for hot water, the price of which can vary in the range from 2,900 to 5,200 rubles, in:

beauty salons and entertainment centers;
medical institutions;
cotton houses;
careci sphere institutions and so on.

Mixer installed in the house or apartment with a flow water heater will work from the mains. Heated substance takes 5-7 seconds since the opening of the crane. Depending on the model and manufacturer, the nozzle for a water heating of water can heat the substance to 60-800c. Each type of mixer provides fluid temperature adjustment. Therefore, the device for heating water to the crane can be used in apartments and homes where small children grow. Tests have shown that the plumbing equipment of this class is as securely as possible and safely. This is how the Chinese manufacturer's device for a washbasin looks like.

Advantages of portable heaters

Universality.

In most cases, electric tap for water, the price of which depends on the manufacturer, buy for country houses. Users consider in this case the installation of such a device is a profitable solution. In other cases, electric taps are considered to be excesses. This opinion is not entirely true. A portable water heater electric faucet is profitable and when intermittent / disconnected in a hot water apartment. It can be installed on the "Problem", then dismantle and connect the usual mixer.

An electric crane that warms the water itself, the price has access to and is installed in a horizontal way. The principle and technology of installation is similar to the classic mixer. The only nuance of the installation is the water heater on the faucet in the bathroom or the kitchen is connected only to the pipe of cold water and in addition to the network. The installation is performed on the sink or sink sink, baths in the provided holes. Portable electrical nozzle for water heating can be installed without the help of a plumbing.

Available cost.

Buying a boiler, its installation and maintenance will cost an order of magnitude more expensive than the nozzle for the faucet for heating water, the price of which will pay, if you believe to report users, after 6-8 months.

Fast and uniform fluid heating.

Hot liquid from the mixer will flush after 5 seconds after turning on the crane. In this regard, the water heating mixer, the price of which is an order of magnitude lower than the cost of the boiler, is a more practical device.

Saving time.

Heated water on the stove or with a boiler will take from 40 minutes to 1.5-2 hours. In order not to spend time, it is more profitable to buy a water heater for a bathroom or kitchen, which will serve a hot liquid of a given constant temperature during the entire period of operation of the device. Based on this, many consumers consider the device to heal water to the crane most practical option - the hot liquid does not finish at an inappropriate moment, there is no need to perform heating again.

Saving funds.

When the fluid is heated on the plate or with the help of boiler, consumers spend gas / electricity for a long time. At the same time, the boiler warms the liquid every 15-25 minutes. And the electric water heater on the tap in the bathroom, which can be with a guarantee to 3-5 years, functioning in fact. When a hot liquid is needed, then the user gets it. The rest of the time the nozzle for heating water to the crane, the price of which depends on the type of mixer does not consume electricity. A portable mixer with an electric water heater consumes 3 kW per hour of electricity.

Compact dimensions.

Due to the design features, the faucet is a water heater, which can be used in several reliable Chinese manufacturers, has an enlarged case. Dimensions determines the nozzle for the warming of water to be heated, which can be used separately from the mixer (if the repair is required). But whatever the magnitude did not have a water heater or nozzle for a crane, and the dimensions of the plumbing electrical device will be much less than the boiler. Like the localization area. An innovative electrical faucet for the kitchen or bath takes as much space on the washing or sink, the side of the plumbing, as well as typical.

Water consumption savings.

A compact portable water crane is always complemented by a special nozzle for saving fluid flow. It is a aerator that warns the splashing of the substance. Using the water heater flowing electric to the crane, consumers can complement the mixer and a special aerator that enhances the jet, reducing the volume of the subservation subservation. Modern water heater faucet has water consumption from 6-8 liters per minute.

High decorative qualities.

Many users believe that the nozzle for the water heating is spoils the appearance of the plumbing device and makes it typical design. This opinion is mistaken. In some manufacturers, you can purchase a mini-water heater flowing to a crane with a unique color solution. At the same time, the style of the mixer itself may be different. According to designers, the water heater flowing to the crane not only does not spoil the appearance of the device, but also makes it unusual, unique. In the market, you can buy an electric mixer for hot water with different color of the case - red, granite, gray, milky white, yellow, frosiness and so on. In the leading manufacturers, you can buy a heater for a tap for water with a unique form of extinguishing, levers or valves of non-standard geometry.

An innovative water heating mixer has another advantage - it is safe. The device is grounded, it is supplied with control mechanisms that are not heated during the operation of the water heater for the crane, and the lever for adjusting the temperature of the water.

Features of the design and principle of work

The principle of functioning of the device is extremely simple. As mentioned above, the water heater electrical flowing to the crane is connected only to the pipe of cold water. When the mixer is turned on, the liquid is fed to a special reservoir, which is placed in a TEN. Within 3-5 seconds, the substance is heated and entered into the evidence. In order for the electrical mixer to safely perform its functions, it is supplied with the following components:

Case. It contains a water heater for a crane, the price of which depends on the operational characteristics of this item, and electronic nodes. The housing can be performed from thermoplastic or metal. In 87% of cases, the water heater nozzle to the mixer is sewn into a heat-resistant body. This ensures the safety of the operation of the device.
Spin. Form and dimensions depend on the type of water for water supply. If you need a water heater for a tap in the bathroom, the price of which will depend on the external data, then the emission will be shortened, like typical mixers. Kitchen variants of devices are equipped with high and arcuate poles. A fixture can be installed to heat the water to the bath in the bath. There are beautiful models of plumbing equipment equipped with a hygienic shower. In this class of devices, you can buy a water heater for a crane with a shower and a long / shortened spout. A variant of sanitary devices set.
Control lever. This element of the water heater crane is installed only in three positions. If the user needs to turn on cold water, you need to turn the right lever. If it is necessary that the water heater on the crane starts to function, the left element should be rotated. If the lever is put straight, then the mixer will stop functioning. In any way otherwise, turn the lever of the mixer with a water heater can not, which guarantees the safe use of the device - the incorrect use of the spout and burn is excluded (the liquid is not warmed instantly).
Flexible eyeliner.
Ceramic cartridge.
Thermocouple and pressure valve.
Performance indicator in heating mode.

Since the water heater in the mixer is an electrical device, it must be isolated from contact with flowing water. For these purposes, waterproof protective membranes are used in high-quality cranes. They are isolated electrical nodes. In addition, the electric faucet for hot water has a Uzo - a device that automatically turns off the TEN if there are failures in the power grid. Uzo warns the occurrence of accidents (user shocks) and protects the heater of hot water to the crane from the brave.

The pressure valve used in the mixer design also performs a protective function. If the nozzle works to heat the water to the mixer and the water pressure in the pipes at this moment drops to 0.4 atm. Or the substance ceases to succumb, the TEN will automatically turn off. Automation and for water pressure in 7 atm. Disable the flowing water heater on the crane, which can be used for kitchen equipment in the house where small children grow.

In order for the mixer flowing water heater, due to the hydrowarder, a silicone damper is provided in the design. It is also worth remembering that the nozzle for a crane for hot water does not heat the liquid above the set norm, so the burns are excluded. In stores consumers can buy a device capable of heating the substance strictly to a temperature of 60 and 700c. Observing this indicator monitors the sensor built into the mixer body. When the nozzle for the water heating of water, the cost of which depends on the technical data of the device, heated the liquid to the norm, the sensor automatically turns the TEN.

Are there any deficiencies in the tap nozzle?

Yes there is. Users noted that the water heater per mixer, the price of which is significantly lower than that of other electrical appliances for heating a large volume of fluid, with long-term operation, water supplies a lower temperature. What does it mean? This means that if the mixer heating water functions continuously for 45 minutes - an hour, then the TEN ceases to have time to warm up the flow substance to the desired temperature. In this case, the nozzle for a faucet for water heating is cheaply purchased to heat the liquid to 45-500c. If you give the device to a breather, it will again begin to warm the liquid in the specified mode.

Experts also note that the water heater for the crane, the price of which is significantly lower than the cost of the boiler, requires checking wiring before installation. It is necessary to fear the overload of the power grid and closure. In addition, it is recommended to install coarse filters, otherwise the mixer with a heating element, which can be used only in foreign manufacturers today, fails after 3-5 years of operation.

No other disadvantages of the water heater on the mixer showed. Users for hot water devices for a crane in their reviews are positively responding about devices. Their main recommendation is to acquire a water heater flowing electric for a mixer in reliable manufacturers or suppliers that guarantee the originality of the device.

What manufacturers offer high-quality faucet nozzles?

So: You decide to buy a heating faucet for water, rated the market and designated the price category of devices, but what model do you not know what model? Let's figure it out. The most reliable water heater faucets offer only several manufacturers.

Budgetary crane for heating water offers TM "Akvaterm". It is as simple as possible in the installation, guaranteed working without failures for up to 5 years (this is confirmed by user feedback from the devices of this company) and heats up the liquid to 600C. If you need an inexpensive and high-quality tap for heating water, you can buy it from Aquaterm. The mixer has the maximum degree of protection: UZO, membrane isolation, pressure sensor and ground wire. But the most important device on the water heating faucet can be supplemented with a nozzle to the shower and necessarily has a filter for cleaning the water supply substance. The design of the crane heating for the water of this brand can be any.

Akvatermovsky faucet Crane Water heater is available in various color variations. You can choose a plumbing device for any interior solutions. Opinion of experts: Available in price Water heater flowing to akwaterm crane is an ideal solution for cottages, in which year-round and apartments live. Innovative mixer The heater is inexpensive and shows good performance.

Not bad respond about Kruss (China). The manufacturer offers an improved classic. Its models have a minimized and streamlined design, so the devices fit perfectly into interior solutions. It has a faucet for heating flowing water and structural differences - a nickel lever, a blue indicator light and a hardened flexible liner. Maximum water heating temperature 600C. The main advantage is the electric trailers, the price of which will be not much higher than the devices of the previous manufacturer, is equipped with a thermostat. The consumer itself can set the water temperature needed.

Delimano today offers the most advanced devices. The manufacturer can purchase an inexpensive electric water heating mixer with a display, which displays the current water temperature. Plumbing equipment looks stylish and bright, heats up the liquid to 600c. In this case, the nozzle on the water heating mixer is built into the plastic case, which it seemed impractical to some users - weak stability to the loads are scratched. The Deliman mixer with the built-in water heater will be able to function without interruptions if the water pressure is ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 atm. Users noted that the devices of this TM have an elongated electric pump - up to 1 m. In this case, the mixer flows through the jet pressure. Often in the plumbing equipment of this manufacturer uses aerators to save water - the jet is saturated with air.

The above manufacturers are listed, whose heating cranes for water are close in price and have maximum functionality, quality and safety. But the market can offer both devices from other manufacturers: "Aquastrum" (minimum dimensions of the device, a convenient system of electricity saving), "Corraveni" (ceramic valve, chrome surface, built-in water temperature control system) and "Rapid" (multi-level overheating protection). These manufacturers have the price of water heaters on the tap above - to buy them from the official suppliers of sanitary equipment.

Experts recommend to select a faucet for heating flow water in its safety characteristics. It is worth paying attention to the montage method. Do not choose models with short flexible liner hoses - a typical version of 60 cm. Also specify the supplier from which materials the case is made. The quality of the cartridge is also important. Durable and more practical will be instruments with ceramics. By the rest of the parameters, the water heated mixer is chosen as well as a classic plumbing device.

Every year the pools are gaining popularity. Owners of private houses and country sites are increasingly and more often installed pools - it is convenient, prestigious and relatively available. At the stage of planning the purchase and design of the pool, a number of issues relating to water heating should be solved. After all, the use of Bacsein wants not only hot summer, but in the cold season.

There are special devices heating water in the pool to the optimum temperature. Between themselves, they differ in the principle of action, the efficiency of use, the cost-effectiveness of work and cost.

Water heating systems in the pool

Water heating is needed both for indoor pools and outdoor pools. Of course, in the summer, water in the pool will completely warm up from direct sunlight, but with the approach of autumn, when the nights become cold, and the days are all shorter, there is a need for additional heat sources.

For a comfortable swimming in the pool (depending on the category of "bathers"), the water temperature should have the following indicators:

for active, sports games - 22 degrees;
for children - 28-30 degrees;
for adults - 24-26 degrees;
for older people - at least 26 degrees.

You can maintain the optimal water temperature in the pool using special heating devices, the choice of which determines the heating system.

Water heating systems in the pool can be divided into two types:

heating due to the electric heater;
heated by heat exchange.

The heating system based on heat exchange includes:

heat exchangers acting on the basis of solar energy;
heat exchangers in which the main heat sources are the central water supply system, the heating boiler;
heat exchangers using other heat sources (thermal pump).

Based on the calculation of water heating in the pool, in which all the features of the design and operation will be taken, the water heating system for the pool is selected.

Water heating devices: principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages

Flowing electric heater - optimal option for a small basin

Electric heater for the pool, perhaps the easiest and most affordable way to heal water. The main purpose device is heating a continuous flow of water with minimal pressure fluctuations.

The principle of operation of the heater: water circulates through the housing in which the Tanes are located. The housing of the heater is made of stainless steel, titanium or high-quality plastic, and the beans - from durable alloys of stainless steel capable of withstanding high temperatures. An electric heater behind the filtering equipment is installed, so the water in the pool is already purified.

For the placement of thermal equipment, a separate large room is not required, since the heater has compact dimensions - a sufficiently small indoor booth.

Buying, flowing water heater for the pool, you should pay attention to the following parameters.

The power of the device (3-18 kW). Some models are designed to connect through a three-phase network. For closed pools inside the room, the heater power is calculated based on 0.3-0.5 kW per 1 sq.m. Pool, for open - 0.5-1 kW.
Maximum heating temperature. Most flow electric heaters for pools this indicator is 30-40 degrees.
The volume of duct and working pressure.
The presence of protective and regulatory devices (protection sensor, thermostat and flow sensor), which protect the device from breakdowns.
Materials manufacturing electric heater. Heaters whose housing is made of stainless steel are more durable.

It should be borne in mind that with significant heat loss (open-type pools or pools located in unheated rooms) electricity consumption increases significantly

The flow of flow heaters is not enough for large swimming pools, the volume of more than 35 cubic meters, especially if such a pool is located on the street. In addition, this unit cannot be used in a house with a restriction on energy consumption or "weak" wiring.

Small heaters (3 kW power) are often used to heal water in Intex basins and other inflatable and frame pools.

It is important to remember that during the work of the heater is strictly prohibited in the pool!

Advantages of flow heaters:

water heating occurs fast enough;
using the thermostat, water temperature can be adjusted;
in the absence of water, the flow sensor turns off the heating of water;
compact size of equipment;
management system is automated.

Disadvantages of the electric heater:

substantial money heating of water (great electricity consumption);
small power;
not in all houses have the ability to install this system.

Solar collectors - an innovative approach to the heating of the pool

The sun is an inexhaustible heat source, which can be effectively used to heal water in an open and closed pool.

Many believe that the outdoor pool is quite heat from direct sunlight. However, this statement is true only when the pool is located on the sunny plot. And if it is located under a canopy or indoors? With heliosystems, solar heating of water in the pool becomes more adjustable.

The solar water heating system consists of three main elements:

solar collector (tube interconnected on the big screen);
pump filter;
control valve.

The mechanism of action of the helium system is quite simple. With intensive solar illumination, the sensors give the command to the automatic rejected valve to send the flow of water from the pool through the collector heat exchanger. Inside the heat exchanger will be heated water due to the coolant circulating in a closed heliosystem (collector tubes).

When the desired heating temperature is reached, water comes back to the pool. If the solar collector has cooled (cloudy weather), then water does not circulate through it.

The solar collector is usually placed on the roof or on a well-lit plot.

For heating in ODA in the pool, the following types of solar collectors can be used:

high-selective flat and flat collectors;
vacuum tubular collectors.

Their choice will depend on the climatic conditions of the region, the installation site and the volume of heated water.

When calculating the size of the Heliosystem (Collector Square), a number of factors should be considered:

pool parameters;
pool type (closed, open);
attendance of the basin;
the pool is covered or not;
required water heating temperature (minimum and maximum);
installation location and angle of the collector.

For the outdoor pool, the installation surface should be about 70-100% of the water surface area, for the indoor - about 60% of this area

The advantages of heliosystems include:

the versatility of use - can be used to heal water in the pool and for the supply of a private house with hot water;
convenience management;
fast water heating;
system service costs are practically absent.

Disadvantages of using the "solar" system:

the coefficient of collector heat transfer sharply decreases into cloudy weather;
buying equipment and installation of the helium is quite expensive.

Heat exchanger - substantial savings in water heating

To heal water in the pool, heat exchangers are often used, which are connected directly to the heating system at home.

Externally, the heat exchanger resembles a large flask, and the coil is located inside the device, through which hot water passes (coolant). Water from the pool is around the coil, wash it, and heats up.

From the total heating system in the serpent, water comes with a circulation pump, whose work is controlled by an electromagnetic valve. The valve, in turn, is controlled by a thermostat. The owner of the pool sets the temperature level, and the rest of the process is regulated by automation.

The main criterion for choosing a heat exchanger is its power that can reach 200 kW. The power selection directly depends on the size of the pool.

When you first start the heat exchanger, the necessary water temperature will be achieved only after 28 hours. Such a long and gradual heating is needed, to avoid the instrument collapse associated with the expansion of the fluid. The further operation of the device consists in maintaining a given temperature.

A heat exchanger is placed after the pumping and filtering station, but before the disinfecting system, to avoid the extra contact of the equipment with chlorine contained in water. In pools with sea or highly chlorinated water, it is better to install titanium heat exchangers.

Advantages of heat exchangers:

saving water heating;
high power that allows you to apply devices for heating large pools;
ease of control (all processes are automated).

The disadvantages of the heat exchanger include long-term heating of water.

Heat pump - environmental energy as a heat source for the pool

The use of the heat pump is a fairly new method of heating water, the operation of which is based on the principle of multistage heat transfer from various coolants with condensate, compression of gases, etc.

The initial source of heat (first heating steps) may be household (industrial) drains, heat released during flue gases, heat of groundwater, thermal waters. Any sources whose temperature at least slightly exceeds the temperature of the water in the pool, can be used by the thermal pump for heating the pool.

The principle of the thermal pump is as follows. The working fluid (mixture of toosol and water) is pumped through a pipeline located underground. Due to the temperature of the soil, the working fluid at the outlet is heated by a pair of degrees, and is sent to the heat exchanger, where it transfers the resulting heat to the refrigerant.

The refrigerant, in contact with the heated fluid, instantly boils - a pair is formed, which enters the compressor and shrinks there to 25 atmospheres. When compressed, a sharp rise of temperature up to 50-55 degrees occurs. The resulting energy is spent on heating at home or water for the pool.

A significant proportion of energy is sheltered on the functioning of the cyclic operation of the system (refrigerant and the working fluid, passing through the cooling system, there are and the cycle is repeated).

The power of thermal pumps is enough to ensure complete heating not only the pool, and the country cottage as a whole.

Advantages of using heat pumps:

fast and sufficient heating of water, room;
high power;
use alternative free heat sources.

To date, heat pumps have not been widely used, due to its high cost.

Fuel heater - use of gas and liquid fuel for water heating

Fuel heater - equipment operating on liquid fuel or propane (gas heaters). They are quite effective and economical, provided that they are used not only for heating the water of the pool, and for heating at home.

Before using the fuel heater will have to solve a number of questions:

obtaining permission to install the equipment;
registration and proper paperwork;
installing the fire system;
building chimney;
control of fuel reserves.

To maintain the optimal water temperature in the pool, fuel units can be used:

Advantages of fuel heaters:

economical fuel consumption;
the possibility of integrated use of the heater (home heating, water heating);
automation system.

Disadvantages of heaters:

difficulties in design, registration and installation;
great initial cost of buying equipment;
some systems require annual cleaning.

How to cut thermal water loss in the pool

The efficiency of any heating installation will increase significantly if timely take care of the decrease in heat losses:

The type, power of the heating system and its cost will depend on the design features of the pool. Equipment installation is better to entrust professionals that can guarantee the smoothever and safety of the use of heating elements.

Two DHW schemes of a country private home - what to choose?

What needs to be done so that hot water flows immediately after opening the crane?

Depending on the water heating method hot water systems (DHW) for a private country house are divided into:

DHW with flowing water heater.
DHW with cumulative water heater (boiler).

Hot water supply circuit with flow water heater

As a flow water heater, you can use:

gas column of DHW;
heating outline of DHW two-kinning heating boiler;
electric flowing water heater.
plate heat exchanger connected to the heating contour.

Flowing water heater begins to warm the water at the time of the start of waterWhen you open a crane of hot water.

All energy consumed for heating moves from the heater to water almost instantly, for a very short time of water movement through the heater. In order to obtain the water of the required temperature over a small period of time, the design of the flow water heater provides for limiting the flow rate of water. The water temperature at the outlet of the flow heater depends very much on water consumption — the magnitudes of the jet of hot water flowing from the crane.

For a normal supply of hot water only one horny in the shower, the power of the flow water heater must be at least 10 kw. Fill the bathroom for reasonable time you can from the heater with a capacity of more than 18 kw. And if when filling the bath or shower work, you also have a crane of hot water in the kitchen, then for comfortable use of hot water, the power of the flow heater will take at least 28 kW.

For heating at home, economy class is usually enough boiler less power. Therefore, the power of the two-door boiler is chosen Based on the need for hot water.

The DHW circuit with a flow water heater cannot provide comfortable and economical use of hot water in the house for the following reasons:

The temperature and pressure of the water in the pipes are very dependent on the amount of water flow. For this reason when opening another crane, the water temperature and pressure in the DHW system varies very much. At the same time, use water even in two places is not very comfortable.

With a small consumption of hot water the flowing water heater does not turn on and does not heat the water. To obtain water, the necessary temperature often have to spend more water than necessary.
With each opening of the watershed crane, the flow water heater starts again. Constantly turns on, then it turns off that reduces its work resource. Each time hot water appears with a delay, only after the heating mode is stabilized. Frequent restart of the heater reduces efficiency and increases energy consumption. Part of the water uselessly goes into the sewer.
It is impossible to make water recycling in house wiring pipes. Hot water from the crane appears with some delay. Waiting time is growing as the length of the pipes from the water heater to the place of water analysis. Part of the water at the very beginning has to be useless to drain into the sewer. And this is water that has already been heated, but managed to cool down in the pipes.
Quickly accumulate On a small surface inside the heating chamber of the flow water heater. With tough water, frequent cleaning from scale will be required.

Ultimately, the use of a flow water heater in the GWS system leads to a not reasonable increase in water consumption and volume of drainage sewage, To increase the energy consumption for heating, as well as to the insufficiently comfortable use of hot water in the house.

The DHW system with a flow water heater is used, despite its disadvantages, due to relatively low cost and small equipment sizes.

The system works better if Separate individual flow water heater set near each place of water analysis.

In this case, it is convenient to install electric flow heaters. However, such heaters during the analysis of water simultaneously in several places can consume significant power from the power supply (up to 20-30 kw). Typically, the power grid of the private house is not calculated, and the cost of electricity is high.

How to choose a flow water heater

The main parameter for the choice of a flow water heater is the amount of water flow, which he can heat.

from the crane of washing or washbasin 4.2 l / min (0,07 l / s);
bath or soul crane 9 l / min (0,15 l / s).

For example.

Three point of analysis - wool in the kitchen, washbasin and bathtub (shower) are attached to one flow water heater. To fill only the bath you need to choose a heater, which is capable of issuing at least 9 l / min. Water with temperature 55 About S.. Such a water heater will also provide the use of hot water at the same time from two cranes - in washing and washbasin.

Having used hot water simultaneously in the shower and washbasin will be comfortable if the heater performance is no less than 9 l / min+4,2 l / min=13,2 l / min.

Manufacturers in specifications usually indicate maximum productivity Flowing water heater, based on water heating on a certain difference in temperatures D T, for example, 25. About S., 35 About S. or 45. About S.. This means that if the water temperature in the water supply is +10 About S., with maximum performance from the crane, water will flow with a temperature of +35 About S., 45 About S. or +55 About S..

Be careful. Some sellers in advertising indicate the maximum performance of the device, but "Forget" write, for what difference temperatures it is determined. You can buy a gas column with a capacity of 10 l / min., But it turns out that with this consumption it will heat the water today at 25 About S.., i.e. Up to 35. About S.. Enjoy hot water with such a column may not be very comfortable.

For our example is suitable Gas column or double-circuit boiler with a maximum capacity of at least 13.2 l / min for d t \u003d 45 About S.. The power of the gas apparatus with these parameters of hot water will be about 32 kw.

When choosing a flow water heater, pay attention to another parameter - minimum performance l / minat which heating is turned on.

If the water flow in the pipe will be less than the magnitude specified in the technical characteristics of the device, the water heater will not turn on. For this reason, often it is necessary to spend more water than necessary. Try to choose a device with a smaller minimum performance as possible, for example, not more than 1.1 l / min.

Electric flowing water heaters intended for use in everyday life have the maximum heater power of about 5.5 - 6.5 kw. At maximum performance 3.1 - 3.7 l / min Heat water on D T \u003d 25 About S.. One such water heater is installed for servicing one waterstening point - shower, washbasin or washing.

DHW circuit with cumulative heater (boiler) and water circulation

The accumulative water heater (boiler) is a heat-insulated metallic tank of quite large volume.

In the lower part of the tank of the water heater, two heaters are most often embedded - electric tank and tubular heat exchanger connected to the heating boiler (). Water in the tank most of the time is heated by the boiler.

The electric heater is turned on as needed, during the stopping boiler. Such a boiler is often called boyler indirect heating.

Hot water in an indirect heating boiler is spent from the top of the tank. In its place in the lower part of the tank, cold water from the water pipeline immediately arrives, heats up the heat exchanger and rises up.

In the countries of the European Union, the DHW system in new homes are mandatory equipped with a solar heater - a collector. To connect a solar collector in the lower part of the boiler of indirect heating, another heat exchanger is set.

DHW circuit with layered heating boiler

Recently pictures the popularity of the DHW system with a boiler of layered heating, Water in which heats up with a flowing water heater. In such a boiler, there is no heat exchanger, which reduces its cost.

Hot water is spent from the top of the tank. In its place in the lower part of the tank, cold water from the water pipeline immediately comes. The pump water from the tank is driven through the flowing heater, and is served immediately into the upper part of the tank. Thereby, hot water from the consumer appears very quickly - No need to wait until almost the entire volume of water is warmed, as it happens in an indirect heating boiler.

Fast heating of the upper water layer, allows you to install a smaller boiler in the house, as well as reduce the power of the flow heater,without prejudice to comfort.

The layer heating boiler Galmet SG (S) Fusion 100 L is connected to the DHW contour of the double-circuit boiler or the gas column. The boiler has a built-in three-speed circulation pump. The height of the boiler is 90 cm., Diameter 60 cm.

Manufacturers produce double-circuit boilers with a built-in or remote boiler of layered heating. As a result,the cost and dimensions of the equipment of the DHW system are somewhat less than with an indirect heating boiler.

Water in the boiler is heated in advance, Regardless of whether it is spent or not. The reserve of hot water in the tank allows you to use hot water in the house for several hours.

Due to this, the heating of water in the tank can be produced quite a long time, gradually accumulating thermal energy in hot water. Hence another name of the boiler - cumulative Water heater.

Great water heating duration allows use the heater relatively low power.

Cumulative Gas Water Heater - Boiler

Cumulative boilers, water in which heats up the gas burner, are less popular in the GVS of the private house. The device in the house of heating systems and DHW with two gas apparatus - a gas boiler and a gas boiler, it turns out noticeably more.

Cumulative Gas Water Heater - Boiler

Gas boilers are profitable to put in apartments with central heating or in private houses with heating solid fuel boiler and water heating in the GVS system with liquefied gas.

Gas water heaters also, like boilers, are produced with an open combustion chamber and closed, with forced removal of flue gases and with a natural chimney.

There are accumulative gas boilers on sale, which do not require connection to chimney. (Household gas plates, too, work without chimney.) The power of gas burners of such devices is small.

Gas boilers with a volume of up to 100 liters are designed for mounting on the wall. Large water heaters are installed on the floor.

In water heaters are applied different gas ignition methods - with duty wick, electronic on batteries or hydrodynamic approach.

In devices with duty phylet The little flame is constantly burning, which is first lit up manually. A some amount of gas is useless combustible in this torch.

Electronic subsign Works from the power grid or battery, battery.

Hydrodynamic Palsy It starts from the rotation of the turbine, which is driven by the flow of water when the crane is opened.

How to choose a savings water heater - boiler

The larger the volume of the accumulative water heater - the higher the comfort of the use of hot water in the house. But on the other hand, the larger the size of the boiler, the more expensive, the higher the cost of its repair and maintenance, the more space it takes.

The size of the boiler is chosen on the basis of the following considerations.

Increased comfort will provide a boiler whose volume is selected at the rate of 30 - 60 liters per user with water.

The high level of comfort will provide a water heater at the rate of 60-100 liters per living in the house.

To fill the bath, you need to spend almost all the water From a boiler with a volume of 80 - 100 liters.

How to choose a boiler power for a boiler DHW

When choosing a boiler, you must pay attention to the power of the heating element, which is installed in it. For example, to heat 100 liters of water to temperature 55 About S. In 15 minutes, a heater must be installed in the boiler (heat exchanger for the boiler, the built-in gas burner or TEN) with a capacity of about 20 kw.

In real conditions, the water temperature in the boiler is equal to the water temperature in the water supply only when the heating is first turned on. In the future, the boiler is almost always heated to some temperature water. For water heating to the required temperature, low power heating devices are used for an acceptable time.

But still it is better to check how much time will take water heating in the boiler. This can be done using the formula:

t \u003d M CW (T2 - T1) / Q, wherein:
t. - water heating time, seconds ( from);
m. - the mass of water in the boiler, kg (the mass of water in kilograms is equal to the volume of the boiler in liters);
cW. - Specific water heat capacity equal to 4.2 kJ / (kg k);
t2. - the temperature to which the water should be heated;
t1. - the initial water temperature in the boiler;
Q. - boiler power, kw.

Example:
Water heating time with a capacity of 15 kw In a 200 liter boiler from temperature 10 ° C. (We accept that water entering the boiler has the temperature) to 50 ° C. will be:
200 x 4.2 x (50 - 10) / 15 \u003d 2240 from, that is, about 37 minutes.

DHW circuit with water recycling in the system

The use of a cumulative water heater in the GWS system allows you to organize hot water recirculation in pipelines. All hot water selection places are connected to the annular pipeline, which constantly circulates hot water.

The length of the pipe of the pipe from each place of consumption of hot water to the ring pipeline should not be more than 2 meters.

Circulating pump of the hot water recirculation system of hot water has small sizes and a small power

The recycling of water in the GWS system provides a circulation pump. The power of the pump is small, several dozen watts.

Pumps for DHW, unlike heating pumps, must have a maximum working pressure of at least 10 bar. Heating pumps are often designed for maximum pressure not more than 6 bar. Another difference is that the DHW pump must have a hygienic certificate allowing the use of drinking water supply systems.

Water in GWS systems is constantly updated and the oxygen content in it remains quite large. The corrosion activity of hot water is high. In addition, hot water must comply with the sanitary requirements for drinking water. Therefore, for the manufacture of DHW pumps, non-ferrous metals or stainless steel are used. For these reasons, circulation pumps for the DHW are noticeably more expensive for heating systems.

In some designs, DHW pipelines, it is possible to create a natural recycling of water, without a pump.

As a result of circulation of water in the DHW system hot water to selection places is served constantly.

In the DHW system with a cumulative heater and water recycling, the water supply mode is more stable:

In the selection places, hot water is constantly present.
Water welding is possible simultaneously in several places. Temperature and water pressure when the flow rate changes slightly.
You can pick up any of the crane, how small, the amount of hot water.

The recycling circuit allows not only to increase the comfort of water supply in remote points of the house, but gives ability to connect the contours of warm floors to it in separate rooms. For example, in a water bathroom, a warm floor will be comfortable all year round.

In the system of DHW with water recycling, energy is constantly consumed For the operation of the circulation pump, as well as to compensate for the heat loss in the boiler itself and in circulating water pipes. To reduce energy consumption, it is recommended to install a circulation pump with a built-in programmable timer, which turns off the circulation of water into the clock when it is not needed. The boiler and pipes with hot water are insulating.

Disadvantages of the DHW system with a two-circuit gas boiler or water column

Bottling two-kilt in heating

As you know, a double-circuit gas boiler can provide a house with hot water and be the source of heat in the heating system. The preparation of hot water is carried out in the flowing heat exchanger of the boiler. About the general shortcomings of the DHW system with a flow heater, read at the beginning of this article. But the gas devices with a flow heater there is another problem - it is the complexity of choosing the maximum power of a two-kilt or a hydraulic gas column.

Most often it turns out that the required power boiler for the preparation of hot water, much more power required for the heating of all rooms in the house.

As mentioned in the article above, to obtain hot water the necessary temperature and its maximum consumption, two-circuit gas boilers and water heating columns have a sufficiently large maximum power, about 24 kw . or more. Boilers and columns are equipped with automatic, which can due to the modulation of the burner flame reduce their power to the minimum equal to about 30% of the maximum. The minimum power of the two-kilt gas boiler or column is usually equal to about 8 kw. or more. This is the minimum boiler power, both in the DHW mode and heating.

The gas burner of a two-kilt or column due to design features cannot work consistently with power, less minimal (less than 8 kw.). At the same time, to work with the system of heating a private house or autonomous heating of an apartment, the heating boiler should very often produce with a capacity of less than 8 kW.

For example, power 8 kW. enough to ensure the warmth of the houses or apartments area of \u200b\u200b80 - 110 m 2.And in the coldest five-day heating season. In warmer periods, performance, the power of the boiler should be significantly less.

Due to the fact that the boiler can not work with power below the minimum, there are problems with adaptation (coordination) of the two-kilt and heating system.

In small objects, with low heat consumption for heating, the boiler gives more heat than the heating system can take. As a result of inconsistency of the parameters of the boiler and the system, the double-circuit boiler begins to work in a pulse mode, "Take" - As they speak in the people.

Work in the "Tact" mode significantly reduces the resource of the work of the boiler parts, significantly reduces the efficiency.

Gas boiler tact or column in DHW mode

Chart of heating tap water by a two-circuit gas boiler or a water column depending on temperature ( T. About S.) and consumption ( Q. l / min) hot water. The bold line shows the boundaries of the working area. Gray zone, pos.1 - zone tact Boiler or column (switch between ON / OFF).

For normal heating of water with a boiler or column, on the diagram, the point of intersection of the temperature lines and the hot water flow (operating point) should always be inside the working area, the boundaries of which are shown on the bold line diagram. If the hot water consumption mode is chosen so that the working point will be in the gray zone, pos. 1 in the diagram, then the boiler, the column will be tact. In this zone, with a small water duct, the power of the boiler, the column turns out to be redundant, the boiler, the column is disconnected from overheating, and then turns on again. It goes from the crane, then cold water.

Low efficiency of dual circuit gas boilers and columns

Dual-circuit gas boilers when working with maximum power have an efficiency of more than 93%, and less than 80% when working with minimal power. Imagine how even the efficiency will decrease if this boiler will have to work in a pulse mode, with a constant rebircuit of the gas burner.

Note that a two-round boiler for the year most of the time works with minimal power. At least 1/4 part of the consumed gas will literally fly out useless to the pipe. Add to this the cost of replacing the prematurely worn items of the boiler. It will be the payment of installation in the house of cheap heating equipment and DHW.

What do you want - choose

If the power of the two-king gas boiler is more than 20 kW., chosen at the calculation of heating the maximum accurate hot water flow, then the boiler can not provide economical and comfortable work In the mode of low heating power and when water is heated with a small flow rate. The same can be said about the operation of the water column.

Most often, there is no need to prepare large hot water streams. For many people, it is much more important to ensure comfortable and economical use of hot water with its small consumption.

For such economical hosts, many manufacturers produce double-circuit gas boilers and maximum power columns about 12 kW. and minimal less than 4 kW. Such boilers, columns provide more economical and comfortable heating and use of hot water in an amount sufficient to make a shower or washing dishes.

Before buying a double-circuit boiler or column, the owners need to be resolvedWhat kind of hot water consumption is more profitable and comfortable - with high water consumption or small. Based on this solution, choose the power of the boiler or column. If you want both, then you will have to choose a DHW system with a boiler.

Fans of the soul, for the preparation of hot water and heating houses and apartments with heated area up to 140 m 2.with one bathroom power 12. kw. They best comply with the needs of heating systems and GVS small private houses and apartments.

Those who like to take a bath, as well as for houses and apartments of large sizes, area of \u200b\u200bmore than 140 m 2., I am very advised to use a single-circuit boiler.

Many manufacturers of heating equipment produce special kits, the boiler plus a built-in or remote boiler, which is for such cases. Such a set of equipment will be more expensive, but will ensure the increased resource of the equipment, gas savings and more comfortable use of hot water.

DHW circuit with heat generation heat recuperator

In Western Europe and the world, various ways of saving energy during the operation of a private house are popular.

From the house of hot water after use flows into the sewer and he takes a significant part of the thermal energy, which was spent on her heating.

Recovery Recovery Scheme of Seasoning Sewage Sewage in the DHW system

To reduce energy losses in the house apply the heat recovery scheme (return) of heat from sewage operations in the GVS system of the private house.

Cold water before getting into the DHW boiler, passes through the heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, strokes from sanitary equipment are sent.

In the heat exchanger, two streams, cold water from the water pipeline and the hot water of water, are found, but do not mix. Part of the heat from hot water is transmitted cold. In the boiler, the DHW receives already impressed water.

In the diagram shown in the figure, the strokes of only those sanitary and technical devices are sent to the heat exchanger that work with a hot water duct. Such a recovery scheme is beneficial to apply with any method of water heating - both with a boiler and with a flow heater.

To return heat from stocks of sanitation and technical devices, which first accumulate hot water, and then descend it into the sewer (bath, swimming pool, washing and dishwasher), use a more complex circuit with water circulation between the boiler and the heat exchanger at the time of emptying these devices.

For houses and apartments with permanent accommodation, I am very advised to use gVS system with a boiler of layered heating and a double-circuit boiler, or with an indirect heating boiler and a single-mounted boiler. The volume of the boiler is at least 100 liters. The system will provide good comfort for the use of hot water, economical expenditure of gas and water, as well as a smaller volume of drainage in the sewer. The only minus of such a system is a higher cost of equipment.

With a limited construction budget in small country houses for seasonal residence you can install a DHW system with a flow heater.

DHW circuit with a flow heater is advisable to use in houses with a kitchen and one bathroom, where the heating source and the selection of hot water are compact, Little distance from each other. It is recommended to connect no more than three cranes for water to disrupt water to one flow heater.

The cost of such a system is relatively small, And the disadvantages of operation in this case are less pronounced. A double gas boiler or gas column takes little space. Almost all the necessary equipment is mounted in the case of the device. To install the boiler with power up to 30 kw or the gas column does not require a separate room.

For the preparation of hot water and heating houses and apartments with heated area up to 140 m 2., with one shower in the bathroomI recommend installing the two-circuit gas boilers maximum power 12. kw.

In the GVS system with a gas column or a two-kilt The stability of water supply mode will increase significantly if in the scheme between the heater and water parsing points set buffer containers - Normal accumulative electrical heater. It is especially recommended to install such a buffer cumulative electrical heater near the dismissal points removed from the gas apparatus.

In a scheme with a buffer tank, hot water from the gas column or a two-kilt boiler first enters the tank of the electric boiler - water heater. Thus, the tank always contains a reserve of hot water. The electric heater in the tank only compensates for heat loss and maintains the necessary hot water temperature during the period when there is no analysis of the water. There is enough electrical heater with a tank of a small capacity - even liters 30, and the use of hot water will be much more comfortable.

DHW system with flow water heater and embedded in boiler or remote boiler of layer-by-layer heating It will be somewhat more expensive. But here it will not be necessary to spend expensive electricity to maintain water temperature, and the comfort of using water will be the same as with an indirect heating boiler.

In houses with an extensive network of DHW Implement a circuit with a storage water heater (boiler) and water recycling. Only such a scheme will ensure the necessary comfort and economical operation of the DHW system. True, the initial costs for its creation are the largest.

It is recommended to buy boilers that are sold complete with a boiler. In this case, the parameters of the boiler and the boiler are already correctly chosen by the manufacturer, and most of the additional equipment is built into the boiler housing.

If the heating in the house is carried out by a solid fuel boiler, It is profitable to establish to which and connect the DHW system with water circulation.

Otherwise, to heal water in the house, to solid fuel boiler join An indirect heating boiler, additionally equipped with an electric heater.

Electric GWS boiler profitable to use in a solid fuel boiler house

Often to heat the water in a house with a solid fuel boiler, only electricity is used. For DHW in the house, near the water parsing points, a cumulative electric boiler is installed - water heater. The circulation system of hot water is not made in this option. Near the remote water parsing points it is more profitable to establish your separate accumulative heater. In this case, water heating electricity is spent more economical.

When water heated above 54 About S. Solutions of rigidity are distinguished from water. To reduce the formation of scale If possible, heat the water to the temperature below the specified one.

Especially sensitive to the formation of scale flowing water heaters. If the water is rigid, contains more than 140 mg. Caco 3 in 1 liter, the use for heating the water of flowing water heaters, including with boilers of layered heating, is not recommended. Even small deposition of scale is scored by channels in a flow heater, which leads to the cessation of water flow through it.

Water supply to flowing water heater is recommended to produce through an anti-pump filter, which reduces water rigidity. The filter has a replaceable cartridge that will have to be regularly changed.

To heal hard water, it is better to choose a storage system of the DHW with an indirect heating boiler.The deposition of salts on the heating element of the boiler does not interfere with the water fluctuate, but only reduce the performance of the boiler. The boiler is easier to brush from scale.

It should be remembered that long-term heating of water to a temperature less than 60 ° C can lead to the appearance in the storage tank (boiler) with hot water of the Human health bacteria of the Legionella type. Recommended periodic perform thermal disinfection of the DHW system, increasing for some time the temperature of the water to 70 o C.

Direct heating boiler

In water heaters of this type, the energy carrier is spent on the heating of water only inside the tank. There are gas boilers direct heating and electrical, which carry out water heated using the Tan.

Such water heaters are a metal housing, which placed a container with water, surrounded by a thermal insulation layer. In addition to the gas burner or the Tan, direct heating boilers are equipped with a magnesium anode, a thermostat, nozzles and a security group.

Classification of water heaters by the type of cumulative system

Also, water heaters are divided into flow and accumulative. And each of these species have their advantages and disadvantages.

Flowing boilers for water heating

Flowing water heaters are instruments capable of quickly heating the liquid without limitation. Previously, this function was performed, and in modern more compact devices, water passing through a TEN, made in the form of a flask, heats up to a comfortable temperature of 60˚C. Such a quick result is achieved due to the high power of the heating element. However, the device performs its functions, only on one water point.

Another disadvantage is that this type of heating equipment requires large energy consumption. To reduce costs, it will have to use hot water economically. One who is not ready to limit himself in the consumption of hot water should look at the boiler storage type. Also deciding to buy a flow boiler must be taken into account the number of people living in the apartment and their need for heated fluid used for hygienic purposes.

viksenia, Russia, Tsarskoye Village - Pushkin:Flowing water heater NEVALUX 5611 - forgot what to light with matches!
Advantages: Small, compact, silent, perfectly warming
Disadvantages: Calculated for 1 point of water treatment, will not turn on if the small water pressure, the lower wires
When we drove into our house, we already stood the column and the old, Soviet times, that is, the former owners did not change it. From 1976, we drove in 2006, that is, the gas water heater was 30 years. Ancient however. But we did not start anything at the beginning, since the column was in working condition.
For the first year, everything worked fine with us, even accustomed to the wick to heal with matches (in the middle). It was very uncomfortable and unusual for the first time, as in another house when we lived in St. Petersburg, we just had hot water and without any gas. But accustomed to the gas water heater.
With such a column, too, there are advantages when the water is turned off as a rule in the summer and it happens that for a week or two in houses is not on gas, it is very uncomfortable, and we have hot water at any time)))).
More details For Ozzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_2725066.html

Cumulative boilers for water heating

The most convenient in operation is the accumulator water heater, with the volume of the inner tank - 10-500 liters. For apartments, as a rule, choose equipment with a reservoir capacity up to 150 liters (depending on the number of people living and their needs). Cumulative boilers are a tank with thermal insulation and placed inwards by thesters, which heat the water up to 35-85˚C. When the temperature decreases, the automation is triggered, and the heating elements are repeatedly turned on. The maintenance of the required temperature responds the built-in.

Thanks to the accumulative system, it is possible to provide hot water at once all watershed points in a private house or apartment. Cumulative water heaters for the villas of a small volume are very popular, which, in principle, have enough shower and washing dishes. For heating 10 liters of water to 45 ° C, it will be necessary about 15 minutes, but a 100 liter boiler will be basked for about 4 hours.

Cumulative type water heaters can be mounted vertically or horizontally, which allows you to enter them into any space. Large-volume boilers are mainly located horizontally and on the floor, and the connection K is performed using flexible hoses.

The separation of boilers by the type of energy carrier

As we have already found out, boilers differ in many parameters and another difference is the type of energy carrier, with which water is heated.

Electric boilers for water heating

Electric water heaters are greater popularity and presented by manufacturers in a fairly wide assortment. The energy carrier performs an electric current, and the heating element is a TEN, which, depending on the placement, can be "dry" or "wet" type. In an electric boiler for water, a special sensor is installed next to the heating element, which controls the operation of the entire device through the electronic or electromechanical thermostat.

Between the metal or plastic body of the water heater and the inner tank is the thermal insulation layer, which allows you to maintain the desired fluid temperature for a long time. Through the incoming nozzle located at the bottom of the tank, cold water flows, and already the heated liquid through the upper pipe is supplied to the consumer after the opening of the corresponding one.

Most electric tanks for water heating are equipped with a magnesium anode, which, due to its lower electrobotential, attracts free ions of the salts in the liquid from the water supply. As a result, scale settles on the anode, and not the walls of the reservoir and thene. Over time, the anode is destroyed and its replacement will be required for the normal operation of electrical water.

At the site of the attachment of the boiler to cold water supply, a security group with a safety valve is established, which protects the water heater from the devastating effects of overpressure.

Gas boilers for heating water in a private house and apartment

Gas water heaters are not as popular as their electrical analogues due to the complexities of installation (project agreement, ventilation, chimney, registration). Gas boilers for water consist of a thick-walled body, internal tank, thermal insulation and combustion chambers. Gas burners, located in the lower wall of the tank, heat the aqueous tank, and, accordingly, the liquid in it. Additionally, the water is transferred from the central channel, according to which combustion products are displayed.

The accumulative gas boiler is controlled by a temperature sensor and thermostat. These control elements determine the temperature of the water and, if necessary, disconnect or include the gas burner. Also, the boiler is equipped with a special safety valve for emergency reset over. Like electrical water heaters, gas devices for water heating can be equipped with a magnesium anode, which in time needs to be replaced.

How to choose a boiler for home and apartments

Before you buy a water heater, you should consider all the criteria that have already been mentioned. Now it is worth summing up and before choosing a boiler for the house, briefly list, for which characteristics choose a device for heating water.

So, first of all, we are determined with the volume of the tank. Manufacturers offer boilers from 5 to 500 liters. However, when a person lives in an apartment one, then why a water heater is needed, if it is enough for the needs of 50 liters of water. The family of 3 people will suit a boiler with a tank capacity of up to 120 liters, and for a home or apartment with 4 and more tenants need an aggregate, designed for 150-200 liters.

It is also important to know the necessary power of the heating element, from which the rate of heating of a certain volume of fluid is directly dependent on a given temperature. The optimal power of the Tan is 2 kW.

The type of accumulative system is played, depending on the needs of the family in hot water - accumulative, flow or bulk. Of great importance is, when solving, what company it is better to choose an electric equipment, the price. The fact is that if the family needs a low volume water heater and also to install in the country, then there is no need to acquire an expensive device when you can do the cheaper analogue.

Manufacturers of boilers and their model range

To make it easier to buy an electric boiler for water heating should be familiar with the most popular manufacturers of water and their model rules.

Producer / Description	The lineup
ARISTON. The perfect combination of price and quality. Prices for heating brand devices start from $ 100, which makes Ariston boilers available to any consumer.	SG Series represented by budget models with a volume of 10 to 80 liters	ABS Pro Eco Series - Boilers with tanks with high protection from bacteria	ABS Pro Eco Slim Series Represents compact models intended for small rooms	ABS SLV. - Water heaters of this series have a special coating Silver Protection and the original design
Electrolux Brand's water heating equipment meets all modern requirements, is functionally and distinguished by a relatively low level of energy consumption.	EWH SL.	EWH QUANTUM SLIM.	EWH Magnum Slim.	EWH 15S.
AEG The company manufactures water heating equipment and guarantees high quality of all components and assembly. Also much attention is paid to the safety and environmental friendliness of their products.	Aegewh Universal El.	Aegewh 10 mini.	AEGDEM BASIS	AEG EWH COMFORT EL
Termex. The company offers its customers high-quality water heaters at an affordable price. The features of the thermack boilers can be attributed to the ability to adjust the capacity from 1.3 to 3 kW.	Flat Touch.	Flatp Lus.	Round Plus.	Elite
Gorenje. Slovenian company offers boilers with plastic or steel tanks, and an enameled coating of the inner surface.	GT. - These are models with a volume of 10-15 liters	TG. - the main series of boilers	GB. - devices having a "dry" TEN	OGB.- Models with high warranty

Lyubagrom, Ukraine: Water heater Accumulative Gorenje GBFU 80 Simv9 is a good boiler, but hard to navigate in the amount of hot water.
Advantages: Two dry tan, magnesium anode, well retains the temperature of hot water, reliable.
Disadvantages: There is no temperature indicator of heated water, there is no possibility to disable one of the Tan.
In apartments and houses, where there is no stable supply of hot water, the water heater of any design will help solve the problem of water heating. By purchasing a water heater accumulative Gorenje GBFU 80 Simv9, I paid attention to the reliability and necessary litter for our family. My choice fell on a storage water heater with a volume of 80 liters.
More details For Ozzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_767802.html

Average prices of boilers for water heating

The cost of water heaters directly depends on the manufacturer, the volume of the internal tank, the technologies used, power and many other. Consider the most popular equipment for equipment of various capacity and their price.

Models	Volumes of internal tank, l.
Models	15	30	50	80	100
Electrolux	EWH 15S.	EWH 30.	AXIOMATIC SLIM.	EWH Digital.	EWH Magnum Slim.

	5 375 rub.	from 5 000 rub.	from 8,000 rubles.	from 11 000 rubles.	from 8,000 rubles.
Gorenje.	GT 15 UV6.	TGR30NGB6.	TGR 50 NGB6	TGU 80 NGB6	TG 100 NGB6

	6 990 rubles.	6 130 rubles.	7 700 rub.	8 180 rub.	9 100 rubles.
Termex.	Hit 15 U.	Flat Plus IF 30 V	Ultra Slim IU 50 V	Flat Plus IF 80 V	Flat Plus IF 100 V

The temperature of the water in the pool, if it does not affect it, it becomes equal to the ambient temperature. But if the air temperature of degrees in 17-18 can still be called a balanced, then for swimming, such a temperature is already suitable. That is why in our northern latitudes there is rather acute the issue of water heating in the pool, especially if it is open (albeit in closed rooms, the water temperature often falls lower than that I would like).

If you discard subjective perception, there are regulated temperature standards for different types of pools. For swimming and sports pools, the temperature is considered to be 24-26 ° C, for children's pools, the norm is increased to 28-30 ° C, and in hydromassage and spa pools, the standard reaches 32-38 ° C. But to maintain the right temperature, there were no problems, it is desirable to choose the correct heating equipment, preferably at the design stage. This article is just designed to help you navigate in this matter and choose a model of suitable type and power.

All water heating systems work on the principle of heat transfer "from hot to cold". Differences are in principle for obtaining heat for heating. IN recreperate heat exchangers Circulating water heated in one way or another transmits heat through the walls, thereby heating the water. Electric heaters, Predictably, heated due to electricity. Heat is transferred to water directly from the so-called TEN (tubular electric heaters). Consider each of the varieties in more detail.

Heat exchangers

It is a flask, inside which there are 2 contours. In the primary contour, or the heating circuit, the water from the boiler circulates. The secondary contour passes water from the pool. The heat exchange is happening between the contours - the water from the pool is heated, and the boiler begins to cut the water out of the heat exchanger. The cycle is closed and continues until water in the pool reaches the desired temperature.

Heated heat exchanger The water back falls into the pool. Time required to achieve water required temperature depends on the power of the heater and the volume of the pool. By achieving a given temperature, the heater is either disconnected or starts to operate in temperature maintenance mode. It depends on the settings.

Water-water heat exchangers are also taken to divide the type of heating contour. They are called vertical and horizontal, illustrating their title position in which they are more convenient to mount.
Horizontal heat exchangers Call models with heating contour in the form of a spiral.
W. vertical heat exchangers The contour is a bundle of thin tubes, for each of which water passes. The presence of a large number of tubes in the beam increases the area of \u200b\u200bheat transfer. Also, some manufacturers provide a dismantled bunch of tubes, which ensures the maintenanceability of the heat exchanger.

The housing of the heat exchangers is made from either composite plastic or stainless steel. Although the titanium enclosures are found in premium models. The heating circuit (both horizontal and vertical) is made of stainless steel (usually AISI316), titanium, nickel and a back. The first option is great for the price / quality ratio for freshwater pools, however, for sealed water filled with water, more expensive anti-corrosion materials should be selected.

In most cases, water-water heat exchangers will become an ideal solution for water heating. They are relatively cheap and do not require high costs during operation. However, it requires the presence of a gas boiler in its work. In the case of its absence, an electric boiler can be installed, but it is expensive and far from always justified.
Another unpleasant feature is that on the claimed capacity, the heat exchanger will only work with the difference in the temperature difference and secondary circuit, as well as the ratio of fluid velocities in them. Assess the drop in the performance of the heater, in case of deviation from passport values, it is possible by attached graphics. (Chart A and Diagram B)

To estimate the operation of the heat exchanger on the heating of the pool, without taking into account deviations from the claimed power and loss of heat, there is an empirical formula:
T \u003d 1.16 * V * T / P,
Where t is the desired time in hours, V is the volume of the water of the pool in cubic meters, T is the required temperature difference in degrees, P is the stated power.
With its help, you can estimate in advance how long it will take the heating of your pool with a heat exchanger of a certain power. And believe me, this process is quite long. For example, for water heating at 20 ° C in the pool of 30 cubic meters. By means of a heat exchanger with a capacity of 6 kW, you will need 116 hours. And repeat, it is excluding losses.
It is also worth remembering that in a set with the heat exchanger are not supplied to connect the components. So, when buying, you will also need to purchase a set of strapping consisting of precipitated metal-plastic couplings (for a smooth transition from plastic pipes to a metal rod of the heater), the circulation pump (if it is not in the boiler initially) for pumping the coolant, solenoid valve (to prevent spontaneous circulation) , and, if necessary, the thermostat.

Solar collectors

In addition to water-water, there is another type of recreperate heat exchangers for the pool. Solar panels They are a collector, which heats up under the action of sunlight and allows you to use it warm to heating water in the pool using a thin tube system.

It would seem, do not need a gas boiler. No need to spend electricity. However, such a system is unlikely to become a good solution in our latitudes. Even on a clear day, subject to all the rules of operation, the square meter of the surface of the solar battery will produce thermal energy in the range of 0.6-0.9 kW * h. That is, to cover the power even the weakest water-water heat exchanger, the battery area will be required comparable to the surface area of \u200b\u200bthe pool. If you also remember that in the same Moscow for the year an average of 184 cloud days and 98 - cloudy, the use of "alternative energy sources" will be under a very big question. We are not trying to dissuade you with all the forces from the acquisition of solar panels, but our experience suggests that this heating system can only be used by sunny summer.

Electric heaters

Alternative to heat exchangers are performing electric heaters. A TEN (tubular electric heating element) is installed in their housing, which transmits heat flowing through the device. There are no fundamental differences between models, so choosing a suitable electric heater, it is sufficient to navigate the output power and material of the manufacture of the case and the Tan. As in the case of heat exchangers, when used in sea water in the pool, the TEN must be selected from the material resistant to the aggressive oxidative media: titanium, nickel or a darger.

Starting from the models of the average price range, the electric heaters are equipped with a thermostat with a display that allows you to adjust the temperature of the water up to the tenth of the degree. What benefits them are distinguished from heat exchangers.
There are electric heaters and another important feature. They are equipped with a set of automation, which does not give them to work with water flow below a certain value. For this, electric heaters are equipped with a flow sensor or pressure sensor. The first option is better and more accurate. But regardless of the type of sensor, you should always remember that with too slow water velocity in the pipes, the electric heater will not work.
Installation of electric heaters also has one small feature. It is necessary to put it through the so-called "loop." This means that the pipe entering the heater should be directed vertically down. This is done so that the tank of the device is always filled with water. Otherwise, with a breakdown of automation, the device will turn on without water inside. The heater TEN, in such a situation, may simply burn.
Unlike heat exchangers, electric heaters are originally equipped with everything necessary for their launch and work. In addition to the stream / pressure sensor, they are also equipped with a temperature control sensor, overheating protection sensor, and fastened set.

It would seem that electric heaters in all better heat exchangers, but it is not quite so. Heating water with their help consumes a huge amount of electricity, By significantly increasing the cost of maintaining the pool. And if we move from theory to practice, for many summer cottages there are restrictions on the total amount of energy allocated. So few people can afford an electric heater with a capacity of over 3-6 kW. Models of greater power require a three-phase connection to the network, which is also far from all. So, usually, electric heaters are used for very small private pools (no more than 12 cubes for open and no more than 20 - for closed). In other cases, if the conditions allow, it is preferable to use a heat exchanger.

It is worth noting that despite the seeming simplicity, the task of maintaining the required temperature in the basin is not so easy to solve. The formula for calculating the heating time of water does not take into account such an important feature, as heat loss during evaporation. Because of these very heat loss, water heating system has to work even longer, despite the fact that the process of heating and so usually takes 2-3 days. That is why it is worth thinking about auxiliary means for heating: thermal bedspread, coating the walls of the pool with thermal insulation spraying and the use of the solar system as an aid heating.

Power definition

Well, finally, some practical information. There are several maximally simplified formulas that allow you to choose the right water heater:
For street pools, the power of the heat exchanger (in kilowatts) is selected equal to the volume of the basin (in meters of cubic).
In the case of an electric water heater, the power must be 1/2 from the volume.
For closed pools, the heat exchanger is selected by power equal to 3/4 volumes.
Well, and from the electric heater will need a power equal to 1/3 of the pool volume.
If you still decide to risk and purchase a heating system on solar panels, know that the total area of \u200b\u200breservoirs should be equal to the area of \u200b\u200bthe pool itself.

So let's summarize:
- Heating water in the pools is mainly used water-water heat exchangers, electric heaters and solar panels. The first two options have their advantages and disadvantages, and the third can be used mainly as an additional heating.
- The form of a suitable model is based mainly on the power of the heater.
- Using the pool with sea salt, you need to be ready to spend decent to the heater from anti-corrosion materials.
- The process of heating occupies quite a long time.

We hope this article will help you navigate the diversity of water heating systems and choose the model you need.