Often tenants on the first floors of apartment buildings are faced with the problem of the ice surface of the floor in winter. Therefore, the question is relevant how to carry out thermal insulation correctly, which methods exist and the better to use in one situation or another. Practical recommendations, how to choose the optimal insulation of the floor of the first floor, as well as instructions for performing work with your own hands are designed to help solve this problem.

Materials for choice

In apartment buildings there are two types of coverage: wooden and concrete. Depending on this, the corresponding type of insulation is selected.

The bases for the warm coating on the floor are liquid, loose, as well as in the form of blocks and in rolls. They can be used together with each other or separately.

Liquid

In the insulation, there may be a cement mixture with filler from clay, foamflast or other materials.
Currently, polymer foaming is widely used.

However, in order to work with it, special equipment is necessary.

Bulk

From the insulation of this group, clamzit, foam crumb, wood sawdust are distinguished. They are suitable for insulation floors in apartments, where there is a unheated basement.

Ceramzite is durable and durable, has a low thermal conductivity. But by choosing it as a heater, you need to take care of high-quality waterproofing, as its granules are well absorbed moisture.

Block

They are in the form of plates and matte mineral wool, foam, basalt fiber.

Polyfoam has a low thermal conductivity, it is not enough and environmentally friendly. But he is fragile, and with strong heating melted, highlighting harmful pairs.

A more modern version of foam - polystyrene foam. It has better density, does not burn. Sheets of such a insulation are convenient because they can mount a warm floor, install a board, fill the screed and so on.

The most environmentally friendly material among blocks is vermiculite, which is obtained by treating mineral products.

However, it is by no means cheap and in order to save items, it is possible to use it analogue with granulated vermiculite.

Rolled

In the form of rolls, polystyrene insulation, plugs, mineral wool and foil bases are made. When the thickness of the torque of the roll type is not enough, they are put in two layers or are used in conjunction with blocks.

Mineral wool, being a cheap insulation, guarantees low heat transfer. But, it must be borne in mind that over time she can compact, because of which its properties will lower. In addition, when mounting the Ministry of Service it cries and forms dust harmful to health, therefore it implies the use of respirator and overalls in working with it.

Concrete floor

Concrete is durable and therefore very often used as overlap. However, this material is very cold. Therefore, in those houses where it is used, careful thermal insulation is needed on the first floors. Otherwise, any heating will not be able to warm properly.

The first floor of the apartment owners should do with waterproofing, since dampness is often formed in the basement, as a result of which the mold will appear on the walls without the relevant work.

Instructions for work

Start the process from the preparation of the base. To do this, it is necessary to remove all the coating and check the plates for the presence of slots, chips and cracks. If there are defects, they are eliminated by a special mortar based on concrete or cement. After the surface is frozen, it is treated with a special impregnation that strengthens the layer.

Next, we should make waterproofing. It is quite suitable plastic film. It should go to the walls of about fifteen - twenty centimeters. Could cope with the task and special primer of deep penetration.

For mounting the insulation, the frame is made. For this, the bars are placed, and under them - pieces of rubberoid. Lags are put on bars, and the whole design is attached to concrete.

After that, you can set the bulk insulation one or part with a liquid option. On top of it in the cavity of the design lay mineral wool. You can also use foam or other material.

Then the film is stacked, an insulating pair that is fastened with brackets to lagas.

Ends the process of installation of roughing floor. Depending on the type of finish coating, it can be made of boards or thick plywood.

In modern high-rise buildings no longer put floors from the tree. But they can often be found in the homes of the old type.

A tree is a warm and environmentally friendly material, but over time it tends to diverge, which is formed the slots in the floor. And they become the cause of drafts. Therefore, it will correctly be such coatings to additionally process.

Insulation technology

To warp on the first floor, you need to perform the following steps:

• dismantle the old coating, check and if there is a need to be replaced, and at normal condition it can be put in place;
• the surface is treated with antifungal antiseptics and give dry;
• install the insulation and coat it with a vapor barrier film;
• on top to the surface, the board is merged.

Opening from the basement

An apartment on the first floor is possible to insulate from the side of the basement. For this purpose, thermal insulation material is fastened to the ceiling in the technical room. They may be a foam or penplex that are simply glued. Suitable in this quality and mineral wool. But it will be more difficult to attach it. For this you need:

• fix the bars with a thickness of a couple of centimeters larger than the insulation layer;
• to put minvatu between the elements of the installed structure;
• using a stapler, set a vapor barrier membrane on the surface
• decide the design of plywood or wood fiber plates.

This type of insulation is becoming increasingly popular. Thanks to him, the surface of the floor on the first floor will always be warm, the humidity in the apartment will decrease, its microclimate will improve. The system happens:

• electrical mounted in the screed or over rough coating;
• infrared, from a special film installed under the piston coating;
• water when the liquid is constantly heated and injected into the heating system.

Best of all such structures are laid in the leveling screed. Water floors can be used for wood coating. But it will be more difficult to implement, since the pipes from the polymer should be laid in the grooves done for them and close the foil. The system is installed on top of the system.

Such a coating is used not only as decorative, but also as a heat insulation, especially on the first floor. Special mixtures guarantee thermal insulation and waterproofing, as well as fire safety.

They are made of environmentally friendly materials that can be installed independently.

Instructions for laying

Before starting the installation, it is important to qualitatively prepare the basis.

• whatever the rough surface - concrete, wood, ceramic tile or cement screed, it is necessary to thoroughly check it;
• close crack cracks, chips, loosely lying elements to dismantle and replace;
• all coverage cleaned;
• tree and concrete pollute;
• richly primed the floor so that all the pores were completely closed;
• after a day, after that, you can start styling.

The prepared mixture is simply poured out of the bucket and aligned with the spatula. The whole room is covered immediately to get a smooth surface. At the end, to avoid the appearance of bubbles, you need to walk with a roller with needles throughout the coating. Polyurethane varnish is applied to the dried floor.

To work in the apartment successfully, some points should be taken into account:

• the walls of the basement for detecting there are cracks, holes and chips, which must be neglected;
• holes for ventilation in the basement for the winter can be covered, but not completely;
• installation of vaporizolation is required.

The insulation of the floor of the first floor, the selection of thermal insulation material and the technology of laying each type of insulation.

The need for insulation of sex on the first floor

The heat insulation of the floors on the first floor is needed both in a private house and in the apartment. In the first case, insulation will help save a decent amount of money on energy, which is relevant for the cold season of the year, in the second - to make an apartment cozy and warm.

In multi-storey houses, especially panel, always cold basements. As a result, in winter, whatever hot radiators, the floor always remains cool, and the temperature in the apartment often falls below the level of comfort.

Thus, the reasons to carry out insulation of the first floor floors in the house, quite a lot:

• Saving funds. Through the floor takes up to 30% of heat. Heated it, you can save well. The question is relevant for owners of private residential buildings.
• Improving tactile sensations. Walking on the cold floor barefoot unpleasant. You have to wear slippers and socks in addition. The instended floor is pleasant to the touch, you can walk by barefoot, without fear of getting sick.
• Elimination of dampness. On the first floor of a private house, moisture penetrates from the ground, in the high-rise building - from the basement. Most insulation requires waterproofing. After their laying, the floor will always be dry.

Selection of material for the insulation of the floor of the ground floor

Before the heat insulation of the floor you need to decide on the material that will be used. The insulation market is diverse. On sale you can find thermal insulation from natural substances and synthetic. To select the optimal material at the ratio of technical specifications / price, you will have to deal with each type of separate, and then draw conclusions.

For the insulation of the floor of the first floor in a private house or high-rise building, such materials are used:

1. Ceramzit. It is made from pure clay, which is burned in furnaces at high temperatures. It happens three fractions - crushed stone, gravel, sand. For the best heat insulation of the floor, a mixture of two fractions (gravel, crushed stone, sand is obtained with partial destruction of the material at the time of installation). The insulation is spilled by density. For heat insulation, you need to choose enough tight material. Ceramzit absorbs moisture well and gives it badly, so waterproofing is required when laying. It may be a mastic or a dense polyethylene film. The thermal conductivity of the ceramisite is 0.18 W / m * to.
2. Ekwata.. It is made from the remnants of the paper industry - waste paper. Boric acid is used as mandatory additives. The bora is a strong antiseptic, prevents the moisture set and rotting. Boric acid acts as an antipyrin, making an emotor less than fire hazardous. For sale, the insulation comes in a highly pressed form in plastic bags. Before working, it needs to be fluffy using a drill with a mixing nozzle and scratching the pre-content of the package into a large tank. Thermal conductivity is an EcoWhat - 0.032-0.041 W / m * to. Insulation air and vapor permanent. Double-sided waterproofing is not required, since when the emotion is wetted, it takes a thick enough durable crust and protects the rest of the insulation, while the thermal conductivity remains at the same level. Class of fire hazard - g2, non-unambiguous. Equata is not interesting for mice.
3. Mineral wool. It happens three varieties - glass gamble, slag, basalt wool. The best technical characteristics are the latter, it is worth 30 percent more expensive. Produced in rolls, mats, plates. The thermal conductivity depends on the density: how it is higher, the better the material carries out heat. Technical characteristics of mineral wool: Low thermal conductivity (0.032-0.045 W / m * K), good air and vapor permeability. The insulation is off, at a temperature of + 1000 ° C melts. Mineral wool is not interesting for mice.
4. Polystyrene foam. This includes the usual foam and the brand of extruded polystyrene foam, which has become a nominal, penplex. Despite the same foundation, insulation differ not only by appearance, but technical characteristics. Polyurex is better than foam in many of them: thermal conductivity - 0.032 W / m * K, water absorption - 0.4% (in foam plastic 4%), a combustible group - G1-G4. The insulation does not miss moisture, convenient to the street. True, it is expensive. Under the usual cement screed, it is cheaper to use simple foam, and under the "warm floor" system - penplex.
5. Polyurene Foolder. It has a low thermal conductivity (0.019-0.028 W / m * K), almost zero water absorption and weak vapor permeability, the class of fire hazard - G2-g3 (GOST 12.1.044), is absolutely inert to chemical media and natural solvents, uninteresting rodents. Applied using a special installation spraying material under pressure. If you purchase it (there are disposable), all work can be done with your own hands. Polyurethane foam is of different density (from 18 to 300 kg / m 3), the lower this indicator, the weaker in terms of mechanical strength it turns out the thermal insulation layer. The material "grows" strongly when contacting air, covering all the slots and pores, has excellent adhesion to any types of bases.
6. Foilized insulation. Presented on the construction market with rolls of fine mineral wool or foamed polyethylene. Such thermal insulation pursues two goals - insulation and repulsion of heat back to the room. In order for fooled thermal insulation to work correctly, a controller is established (the thickness of the timber is 3 cm and more), the tipped board is stacked on top as the finish coating of the floor.

Before working on floor insulation, it is necessary to correctly calculate the thickness of the heat-insulating material. If you put too thin layer, the desired protection effect of cold penetration will be achieved if the installation of too thick insulation will be installed, excess funds are expected, which is inappropriate.

Thermal insulation technology of the floor of the first floor

Each of the listed insulation stacked in its own way. It also matters which reason it is necessary to insulate - concrete capital, wooden or gender by lags. Ceramzit and expanded polystyrene are laid under a concrete tie, and under the pure wooden floor. Keramzit also falls asleep on lags with mandatory two-sided waterproofing. Penoplex (extruded polystyrene foam) is always placed under the "Warm floor" system, the EcoWhat is falling asleep in the cavity between the draft and the first floor, the mineral wool is placed on lagas and is never used in a concrete screed due to insufficient strength characteristics and increased water absorption. Foilized insulation are not used independently, as they have a small thickness.

Floor insulation on the first floor with clay

This material insulates several types of floors: on the ground, in the houses on the screw piles, by lags. The first two options are similar to the installation technology.

To work, you will need: clamzit, cement mixture (concrete screed), kneading capacity, drill with a nozzle mixer, Kelma, reinforcing mesh, dense polyethylene (thickness 200 micro and above), rake.

The order of work on the warming of concrete floor of the first floor:

• Disassemble the finishing floor. Wooden mindfully remove, inspect each floor, clean it from old paint, treat with antiseptics, retain to dry out, then put horizontally so as not to smoke. The remaining types of flooring, tile, plywood, chipboard are dismantled and emitted.
• Inspect the draft base, remove the garbage and dust, check the level level. It is necessary to pour clairzite as soon as possible, without drops in height.
• Treat the draft floor with an antiseptic and let him dry.
• Place polyethylene, be sure to start it on the walls, centimeters at 5-7 above the level of the estimated first floor. Cut after installing plinths. The joints of the film fasten the scotch.
• Pour clairzit, crush it with robbles, check the level in places where there were deviations from the horizontal. Fill there insulation, if required, and scatter once again.
• Slamp ceramzite cement milk. It will strengthen the adhesion between the granules.
• Install the reinforcing grid. The height of the installation racks is 3 cm.
• Calm the cement mixture by water according to the instructions, let it stand for 5 minutes and mix again.
• Fill the floor, produce parts, thoroughly aligning each of them to the cells and checking the level.
• Give the surface to dry and score working strength. This will take about a month (28 days).
• Install the finish coating. Do not forget to put plinths and trim the surplus polyethylene film.

The procedure for the insulation of the floor of the first floor with a groove clay and in case the house stands on piles, about the same. Tools and materials are the same as when working with a concrete base. Additionally, sand and crushed stone for arranging pillows will be required.

We perform work like this:

1. Disassemble the floor.
2. Remove the top layer of the Earth and delve into the ground around half the meter.
3. Failure the bottom of the resulting pit. For these purposes, it is suitable or a small rink, or a special machine, or a self-made device consisting of a heavy handle and a dense, durable sole of arbitrary size.
4. Fall off the sand with a layer of 10 cm, swipe it with water, sink.
5. Place the rubble layer of 15 cm over the sand, sink. It is better to use a special typewriter for tamping.
6. Put on the sand (10 cm), swipe it with water, sink. Check the resulting surface on the level level.
7. Place a polyethylene film, get it on the walls at a height of 5-7 cm above the level of the future of the first floor, the joints lock the scotch.
8. Pour the ceramzite, the thickness of the layer is at least 15 cm, crumple the rake and span cement milk.
9. Install the reinforcing grid.
10. Fill the concrete tie and let it dry for a month.
11. Place the finish coating. Install the plinths. Cut surplus waterproofing film.

Also possible is a variant of insulation with a clay of lags. In this case, the rough base is cleaned, placed polyethylene film and fix with a construction staple to lags. The joints of the film are fixed by construction scotch. Between the lags, the ceramzite is flushed. From above, one more layer of polyethylene is mounted and placed the tipped board - clean floor.

Important! For houses on the pile foundation, it is not necessary to dig a kitty. The thickness of a sand and chump pillow, insulation and a concrete screed must reach the level of the first floor in the house.

Thermal insulation floor of the first floor mineral wool

For such thermal insulation, it is convenient to use rolls. They are reproduced before laying in size. The width of the roll should be over a half-meter to exceed the step of the lag. You can also use mats. Mineral wool conduct wood insulation on the first floor of lags.

Order of work:

• Remove the old wooden floor. Inspect the boards, remove the old paint, shrust, process the antiseptic. Leave dry, then put horizontally.
• Remove the garbage and dust from a rough base. Carefully inspect the lags that rotted replace.
• Treat all lags by antiseptic and let dry.
• Place the tight polyethylene, insulate the joints of the construction chest, secure the waterproofing of the stapler to lags.
• Remove the Minvatu and put it between the lag. The insulation must lie tightly!
• Close the material from the top view of the vapor insulation membrane, the joints also connect the scotch and attach to the lags in the stapler.
• Place the prepared old boards. Install the plinth.
• Cut surplus waterproofing.
• Finished coating color.

If there is a basement in a private house, you can carry out insulation of the floor with mineral wool below. In this case, the help of someone from relatives or friends will be required. The ceiling in the basement should be projected to antiseptic, then set the lag system with a thickness with insulation, to cut off the minvatu, fasten the waterproofing film, to lay thermal insulation between the lag, close it on top of the vapor insulation membrane and make a finishing finish, for example, moisture-resistant plywood. In this case, the height of the residential premises will remain the same, and the temperature of the floor will become much more comfortable.

Floor insulation on the first floor of Eco

This insulation is placed in several ways: blown, spray (for wetting use water or glue composition), fall asleep. For independent work, only one option is suitable - frustration.

To insulate in this way comfortably wooden floors:

1. Disassemble the finishing floor.
2. Process the boards in the same way as in the case of the Minvata.
3. Clean the base from dust and garbage.
4. Open the package with the insulation and lay it out in a big tank.
5. Fuck the material with a drill with a nozzle mixer.
6. Lay the waterproofing layer, it will suit the dense polyethylene. Fix the joints to scotch. Do not forget about the occasion on the walls.
7. Put the Eclaw in the first compartment between the lags. Start it, using a wide celma, or make a kind of tamping plane with a knob along the type of cell.
8. Trambula until you feel much effort at hand.
9. Pour the insulation and repeat the action. The final option is a tightly laid insulation flush in the level of lag.
10. Repeat all actions with the rest of the cells between lags.
11. Place the finishing coating, install the plinths and cut the excess waterproofing.

Heat insulation on the first floor expanded polystyrene

For heat insulation, the floor on the soil or in the house on the pile foundation it is recommended to use foam (under a concrete tie). If you need to warm the concrete base, the foam is also poured into the concrete tie. It is important to take into account the height of the room. In standard apartments with a ceiling height of 2.3-2.4 m, such insulation "Eat" at least 10 cm.

Polystyrenes are sensitive to the quality of the base, which are stacked. If there are obvious convexities and large deviations horizontally, this insulation can crack when the load on it can be cracked. Therefore, it may additionally be necessary to align the roughing floor, and this will take another 3-5 cm of the room height.

If this is the only possible option, act according to the following plan:

• Remove the finishing finish - remove wooden flooring, running tiles.
• Inspect the base and check it on the level level.
• If the height differences are more than 1.5 cm on the temporon meter, there is a hollow, you need to align the base. Felt irregularities, dust the floor, pour the self-leveling cement screed of the desired thickness (3-5 cm). Give her to dry and score working strength.
• Next, proceed directly to insulation.
• Remove the foam with fine hacksaws.
• Squeeze tight polyethylene on the draft floor, connect the edges of the cloth building tape, make the film on the walls and secure.
• Place the foam in two layers. So you avoid cold bridges. Put the first layer with the dressing of vertical seams. The second is similar, but the whole plate from the second should be located above each suture of the first layer. Also observe the dressing.
• Install the reinforcing grid. The height of the racks should be 3 centimeters.
• Prepare a mixture for a screed: Get water according to the instructions, stirring with a drill with a mixing nozzle.
• Implement base concreting. Pour the floor with parts. Each compartment is smoothed by Celma and check the level on the level.
• Wait for complete drying and durability (about 28 days, depending on the conditions).
• Swipe finish. The optimal option is a tile, laminate, linoleum, carpet. Wooden floor on lags "takes" additional centimeters of height, so this option for standard rooms is unacceptable.

The insulation of the floor of the first floor is polystyrene in the soil or in the house on lags is carried out similarly to the heat insulation by clay.

Brief technology:

1. Disassemble the floor, remove the top layer of the soil, delve into it half the meter.
2. Make a sandwicp pillow.
3. Place the polyethylene, on top of the insulation plate, observing dressing.
4. Install the reinforcing mesh and fill the concrete screed.

Just as in the case of insulation with a clay, in houses on a pile foundation for the thermal insulation of the first floor, a dig of a kittle is not required. Slide the surface of the soil, sink it. Next, accurately calculate the thickness of the heat insulating cake: a sand and crushed pillow + insulation + concrete screed.

Its height should completely close the distance between the soil and the fingerboard in the house. The deepening below the soil level may be required only if there is not enough space from the soil to the floor to arrange a full-fledged insulated concrete tie.

Combined heat insulation floor of the first floor

Floor insulation is optimally produced in combination with a foil insulation (it is better to take a foogrisolone, it is thinner than foil minvate in rolls). In the case of such thermal insulation, the finishing coating can only be a t-shut-off board, lagging, otherwise the foil will not work.

Mounting technology of a combined heat insulation cake:

• Remove the old finish coating.
• Clean the rough base from the garbage, inspect the lags.
• If required, make a replacement of rotten lags, put new, treat all the wooden parts by an antiseptic.
• Place the plates of the fastener. Heat thickness - flush with lags. Materials need to be put in the niches as much as possible. Plates should not hang out!
• Close the insulation with folgisolone from above, make the fastener and secure the joints with a metallized scotch, make a mount to the lags.
• Install a controlled. Use the bar, a minimum thickness of 3 cm.
• Make a t-shirt board (clean floor).

Insulation polyurethane foam floor on the first floor

This material gives a large open space. They can easily be warm both from the inside (from the side of the dwelling) and outside (from the basement or fill the space between the earth and the floor, if the house stands on the piles).

Typically, such works hire professionals. This is due to the fact that for sputtering polyurethane foam requires a special installation. However, progress does not stand still. Disposable installations appeared on sale, they are not seeking, however, if you make a complete calculation, a certain benefit will still be.

Deciding to insulate the floor on the first floor of polyurethane foam independently, choose the Foam Kit system. A detailed instruction manual is applied to the equipment, so special skills will not be required. Such installations do not need to be connected to the power grid, which is very convenient when the floor insulation in the country house, if there is no electricity.

The second task, which will have to be solved - Polyurethane (PPU) itself. It must be high, only in this case the layer of the insulation will turn out to be durable and will have excellent specifications.

PPU spraying technology:

1. Prepare a base in the standard way - remove the garbage, drive the antiseptic.
2. If the base is concrete, without lag, install a system of wooden beacons (they are similar to lagham, their height is equal to the thickness of the heat insulation layer). If there are laugs, insulation is carried out directly on them.
3. Spray polyurethane foam in one cell. Apply the composition evenly. When contacting with air it increases in size, so do not rush. If in some place the thickness of the layer is not sufficient, add some material.
4. Similarly, process the remaining cells.
5. After frozen the PPU cut the surplus to the lugs and put the finish coating of the headboard.

Important! Do not work with PPU at low and negative temperatures. It ill will affect the quality of the heat insulating layer. The optimal temperature for working with polyurethane foam is + 10 + 40 ° C.

How to make a warm floor on the first floor

The perfect and most expensive option is to install the "Warm floor" on the first floor. This work is unemployed, but it is necessary to have knowledge in the electrician. If there is no desire to understand this, but at the same time I want to save, carry out a preliminary combined insulation of sex by penplex (insulation plus foil thermal insulation), and for the laying of warm floor, invite professionals.

In this case, the laying of the fusion will be carried out not by lags, but as under a concrete tie:

• Spend preparatory work on cleaning the foundation and alignment.
• Squeeze the penurex in two layers, the joints take it with a scotch or special sealant.
• Cover the insulation with thin foil with thermal insulation, the joints close the joints with metallized chest.

How to insulate the floor on the first floor - watch the video:

To properly insulate the floor on the first floor, you need to have an idea of \u200b\u200bthermal insulation materials, to be able to correctly choose and calculate the necessary thickness. All types of work are available to perform with their own hands, it is only necessary to make everything to make it high quality and save a family budget.

Concrete remains one of the most sought-after and used materials in multi-storey construction. With many characteristics necessary for such construction, concrete remains an indispensable material, but in some cases its properties are not very suitable for residential premises. So, high thermal conductivity leads to the fact that the concrete floor, especially on the first floors of high-rise buildings, is usually very cold.

Concrete floor insulation scheme.

In this regard, it is often necessary for the additional insulation of the concrete floor of the first floor. Due to the presence of a variety of modern construction, repair materials and insulation, there are many ways to insulate such a floor. Considering those or other insulation for floors, you need to take into account different factors and characteristics of the room.

Choosing a heater, it is necessary to take into account several factors:

• the number of financial resources that is ready to spend the owner of the apartment for this type of work;
• the condition of the basement or basement under the apartment (temperature, humidity, the ability to carry out independent work);
• the height of the ceiling in the apartment itself (any variant of sexual insulation involves a decrease in the height of the ceiling).

Taking the same solution by the most insulation material, you can consider the following options that today are the most used and convenient:

Concrete floor insulation scheme with roofing coating.

1. Styrofoam. Cheap and convenient material that allows you to warm the concrete floor from both the basement and the apartment itself. I am inferior to more modern variants of insulation in the fact that when used in the apartment will take a lot of space due to its thickness necessary to achieve a good effect.
2. Extruded polystyrene foam. An excellent insulation that, like a foam, can be used in any rooms and is very easy to attack any surfaces. Much hard foam and has less thermal conductivity. From foam plastic, it is unprofitable only at the price, but its other properties will reach this drawback.
3. Mineral wool (basalt, glass gamble, slag). A sufficiently good version of the insulation of concrete sex when ensuring the necessary level of waterproofing and ventilation of the underground space.
4. Ceramzit and other bulk materials. An inexpensive option used in different insulation versions. The disadvantage is that when it is used, a significant part of the height of the room is eaten.
5. Hypus fiber leaf (GVL); Isolon. These two material are used to ensure a certain level of insulation of concrete floors in low ceilings apartments.

When applying different variants of insulation, of course, additional materials will be needed, as well as tools. Here is the standard list:

Floor insulation scheme polystyrene foam.

• when arranging outdoor lags, wooden bars will need, the width of which will have to correspond to the width of the heat insulating layer. In addition, you will need fasteners (self-tapping screws, dowels, anchor mounts) and perforator;
• for fastening sheet materials, such as foam, it will take construction glue or mastic;
• almost in any embodiment, the waterproofing layer should be used, for which dense polyethylene is quite suitable;
• construction foam may also be needed, for example, to fill the gaps between the sheets of foam in their use in the basement.

Popular options for thermal insulation

Next, you need to decide on the most suitable option for the warming of the concrete floor of the apartment on the first floor. Of the following ways, it is best to choose the one that will combine the necessary level of efficiency, the permissible level of financial costs and the ability to fulfill all the work independently and quickly.

Basement

Installation of insulating material from the basement side is more advisable to do with low ceilings in the apartment.

With this option, the foam panels are best suitable, because the appearance and thickness of the insulation are not so important in the basement. Works are carried out in several stages:

Concrete heat insulation scheme.

• in the case of increased humidity of the basement (especially if sewer tubes flow or liquid accumulates in the basement for other reasons), you can use a penetrating waterproofing composition. The procedure for its application is sufficiently long, but with its help you can completely protect yourself from sending floors;
• the foam itself is very easy to glue to the concrete surface of the basement ceiling. To do this, you can use any assembly and construction adhesive mixture;
• crakes and gaps that can form between polyplate sheets are filled with construction foam.

Thus, with free access to the basement, under the apartment, it is possible to simply simply and inexpensively provide hydro and thermal insulation of concrete floor in the entire apartment located on the first floor.

Lagat concrete floor

The most common option today is the insulation of gender of lags, in which you can effectively use different insulating materials. There is such insulation at the following steps:

1. Installation lag. If necessary, you must first eliminate the floor with waterproofing material, and then with the help of screws and dowels to attach wooden bars with a step of 40-60 cm. Step and height of BRUSEV depend on the selected insulation, which is suitable for any options - foam and extruded expanded polystyrene foam, minvat and Keramzit, etc.
2. Laying insulation. There is a thermal material between the lags, on top of which the waterproofing layer of polyethylene should be used.
3. Laying a rough or finishing floor covering. Boards, chipboard, plywood and other materials can be used here. It is important to leave the ventilation gaps along the edges of the room, which will then be covered with plinths.

The only disadvantage of such a method of insulation of the concrete floor of the apartment on the first floor is to reject the height of the dwelling, which, depending on the material selected, can range from 8 to 15 cm.

Low room insulation

If there is no possibility to allocate as much space due to low ceilings, then you can apply less efficient, but more suitable for low rooms. Method of floor insulation using GBL:

Floor insulation scheme of the first floor.

1. Aligning the sex concrete basis, fill the waterproofing layer with the wall at the walls.
2. Next, we fill the first layer of GVL sheets, which should be a thickness of 12 mm.
3. The second layer of GWL is placed on mastic, placing sheets so that their joints do not coincide with the joints of the sheets of the first layer.
4. Similarly, fill the third layer, on top of which the floor coating is mounted.

In low rooms, such modern material as isolon can be used to effectively. If you purchase it folly on both sides, it can be simply aligned on the aligned concrete surface of the floor without waterproofing. The joints between the strips of isolon are glued with a construction tape, after which it is possible to fit the floor covering.

Thus, due to the presence of a variety of materials, you can pick up a successful version of the insulation of the concrete floor for any room. It is important not to forget with each method of insulation on creating a waterproofing layer, as well as to ensure the ventilation of the underground space, where the insulation will be. Ventilation is very simple: slots are left along the walls, which are then closed by plinths with leaving the ventilation holes.

Heat the floors in the house on the first floor - this is a mandatory task. It cannot be the only solution to achieve full comfort in the dwelling and is often only a stage from a whole complex to ensure heat. We are talking about the insulation of walls, ceiling, input groups and window openings. But the logical to start taking care of thermal insulation still from the floor. The article will talk about the insulation of the floor overlap of the first floor.

Floor floor device

To begin with, it is necessary to solve what type of the widest range of materials will be insulation of the surface. The most demanded at the moment are:

• styrofoam;
• polystyrene foam;
• dry screed from clay;
• glass gaming;
• mineral (stone) wool.

They differ not only at cost, but also for a number of characteristics that it is worth considering more. Since some of the concluded materials have similar origins or erroneously accepted as analogs, then the comparative characteristic will help determine the choice.

Insulation for the floor of the first floor

Polyfoam or foamed polystyrene

• If we talk about kinship, then these two insulation it is undoubtedly available. The foam is somewhat older, polystyrene foam is rather an improved version.

• Differences begin already at the stage of production. Polystyrene granules are used as raw materials. To obtain foam plastic, they are treated with a stream of hot air, and they, expanding, are connected. A product is formed with a porous structure. The extrusion method is more progressive, and as a result of its use, the granules of the source material are melted. The output is a material with a single structure, more dense than the above-described instance. At the same time, the cellular structure, which contributes to the holding of heat, is preserved in it.
• The foamed polystyrene is stronger than its "fell" to bend 5-6 times, and it will not become crushing if the conditions of the external environment change. In addition, the polystyrene foam is worse absorbing moisture, and due to the improved density indicator, there are much more effectively absorbs noise.
• Both materials are minor and non-toxic (subject to the use of quality building goods from proven trademarks). They are not yet susceptible to rotting and the mold is not formed on them. Refractory indicators are good and in other products. Polyfoam is more advisable to use for insulation of floors in those rooms where small permeability is assumed, and the surface will not experience additional loads from, for example, massive furniture. He is suitable for those who wish to save. However, as follows from the above technical characteristics, this desire is not always appropriate.

Glasswater or Minvata

Another difficult task is to choose between glass and mineral wool.

• The latter has very impressive refractories, so it is used most often when the wooden floor is insulation. The natural inorganic origin of stone wool gives the right to talk about its ecology, resistance to the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms.
• The heat-insulating properties of Minvati are not questioned. It is safe to say that its use will reduce the cost of heating the premises. She will also provide a high soundproofing. All these wonderful properties will not "work", if the laying technology will be broken when the floor insulation is broken. Therefore, giving preference to rock, you should clearly comply with the installation recommendations.
• Glasswater is characterized by the fact that it is produced on the basis of broken glass, that is, in fact, it does not have a relative attitude towards mineral wool. In this case, loses to it (insignificant) in the insulation indicator and still in the ability to give a shrinkage with time. In addition, it's not so comfortable to work with her, as with Rockvul because of the formation of small "glass" dust, annoying respiratory tract and hands, if they are not protected. But it will cost much cheaper of the "stone" counterpart. So those who agree to experience some discomfort when laying the material and want to save, you can stop your choice on glass.

Benefits of Ceramzita

• This porous material is sobody, in fact, clay. It is molded with granules and processed at high temperatures. The result is a great insulation, its flowability makes it easy to fill all empties.

It is good in several indicators:

• durability;
• environmental friendliness;
• nonseasing;
• full resistance to the development of microorganisms does not cause interest in rodents and other pests;
• cheapness.

• Due to the porous structure, it is a sufficiently light material, but is inferior to other insulation on this indicator, including those described earlier. And the ceramzite creates an excellent layer promoting natural ventilation. Soundproofing achieved after its use is considered one of the best.
• Copyright can also play the thickness of the floor of the first floor, as it will take a significant margin in height for organizing a high-quality layer of thermal insulation. The minimum recommended layer of submetocks is 20 cm, and 40 cm is considered optimal. And again you should not forget to add a screed height.

• To finally decide on the insulation material, you will need to take into account many factors. At the cost of glass gamble, foam or clamzite - most preferred options.
• If the time is a decisive indicator, then foam plastic is easier and faster.
• When it is required to perform the procedure according to all the rules and requirements of fire safety, then mineral wool will become the best choice.

• And the needs and possibilities of the structure owners were also important criteria. But in any case, to independently perform all the work at any home master.

Thermal insulation floor of the first floor using clay

Ceramzite is very well picking moisture. This is the main minus of this material. Therefore, the construction of a qualitative waterproofing layer becomes the first and very priority stage. Next, a detailed first floor floor pie will be painted when using clay.

• Protection against moisture. Material - polyethylene film most commonly used for these purposes. You need to take the most durable. Naturally, one can not do with one web, so the place of the joint is carefully sicked by the construction tape. Calculation When creating a cloth waterproofing should be emphasis on the fact that its edges should exceed the entire alleged subfocation along with the screed. Extra centimeters after can be trimmed.
• Preparing insulation. The maximum effect will contribute to the preparation of a mixture of the material of various fractions. The use of clay sizes from 5 to 20 mm will serve as a better distribution of the granules and will create a more acceptable for clutch with concrete.
• Lighthouses. Their exhibition is necessary to create an ideally smooth surface without drops and slopes. The first is located on the distance from the walls in several centimeters. Fixation is carried out on small piles of a fairly thick cement mortar. Next, the beacons are placed in parallel to the first. The installation distance corresponds to the length of the rule. It will be applied to subsequent screed alignment. Typically, a metal profile is used for guides. If the insulation of the floor with the subsequent fill is carried out independently for the first time, it is better not to "save" on the number of lighthouses.

• Prepared ceramzite can be filled. It is evenly distributed and slightly tamped. Failure level needs constant control to avoid sludge. Then it will be necessary to soak the intake with a solution of liquid cement. Such a "cement milk" will give the strength of the layer of the insulation and will allow it to remain in the original position with further fill. The reinforcing layer of a metal grid will be completing in this stage.
• Fill. The prepared solution is evenly distributed from the wall at the level of beacons. Smoothed by rule. So gradually move to the entrance to the room.
• You can walk on the screed not earlier than after 7 days, and completely covers the coverage and will be ready for the finish finish in a month. While the process of drying is underway, in order to avoid cracking, you should make the future floor with water. Check for "Willingness" can be carried out in this way: to put a glass jar in the neck. If condensate is formed on its walls, it means that there is a lot of moisture in the floor and begin to lay the finish coating until early.
• As a result, a durable and warm flat surface is obtained, on which the tile, laminate or any other type of flooring will be perfectly looked.

As an option, you can consider the "dry" screed using clay and GVL (gypsum fiber sheets).

• Creating a waterproofing layer. It is mounted, as in the first case, the joints are carried out with a mustache for about 20 cm, and the stock of 6-7 cm is made on the walls.
• On the entire perimeter, the placement of the place of contact of the film with the wall is closed by a damper ribbon.
• Lighthouses are exhibited.
• Ceramzit is falling asleep. It is smoothed and slightly tamped. After that, it is necessary to check the consistency of the height in the level. This operation is produced gradually on separately taken areas. As soon as one piece of the floor is prepared, it immediately covers the HBLE slab. It is filling in two layers, sinking among themselves and additionally fastens with self-draws.

• The seams at the joints of the GWL are sweeping, you can walk along them with a layer of bituminous waterproofing.
• The remnants of the film and the damper tape are cut, the base is ready for the finish finish.

Floor insulation of the first floor with mineral or glass gamble

If the desire to insulate the floor has already arisen during the operation of the structure, then you will first need to get rid of the old outdoor material. When the boards are disassembly, which are later planned to be returned to the place, then for the convenience of assembly, they can be numbered.

• The condition of the lag and draft flooring is estimated.. If you have rotted elements, then work is carried out on their replacement.
• Waterproofing. It is better to choose polyethylene with a density indicator of 100 μm and higher. It is stacked by a 10 cm wavelength. Near the walls in height, it is necessary to leave its stock, too, by about 10 - 15 cm. If the groundwater is locked too close to the surface, then it is preferable to choose a rubberoid or pergamine as a vaporizolation.
• Between the lags of the first floor the selected insulation is laid. From above it is covered by another layer of insulating material.

• With a thickness of 2 cm constructed a controlled. Its function is to provide ventilation gap.
• Constructs new flooring or mounted back the former boards.

If you need to insulate the concrete floor of the first floor of the mining, then the lags are first mounted. Variazolation films will not need.

Floor insulation house foam with her own hands

• Layer of waterproofing Created by technologies described earlier. It is assumed that it is filling on the aligned surface.
• Out of the lighthouses are exhibited.
• Cement screed is performed. Its thickness is 4 cm.
• On her chess mounted plate foam plateswhich when laying tightly customized to each other. After that, the screed is left alone for a couple of days.
• After drying the first layer, picture screed is performed. Lights for her are attached to the insulation plates. The thickness of the cement layer is 70 mm. Its pouring is performed using the reinforcing grid. After moving and drying the solution, the floor is ready for finishing with any coating.

Proper use of extrusive polystyrene when creating heat insulation

• In the event that the polystyrene foam is stacked inside the lag, then they must be located apart from each other at a distance of 60 cm.
• Initially, the waterproofing layer is paved, and then the insulation is tightly paired between the lags.

• With the help of a construction stapler, another layer of vapor barrier is fixed. From above, this puff construction is closed by sheets of plywood or boards.
• A prerequisite is the ventilation gap, which is left to the perimeter of the entire room (approximately 0.5 cm). It will not be noticeable after mounting the plinths.
• With relatively high cost, the foamed polystyrene creates a high-quality and warm layer, which will serve for a long time. However, experts recommend to take into account the next moment when used: if the polystyrene foam is used for the insulation of the floors, then with a similar procedure with the ceiling and walls, it is better to give preference to more "breathable" materials in order not to create a greenhouse effect in the dwelling.

As you know, warm air has a property climb up, as a result, the floor remains the coldest place in an apartment or house. This applies to the first floor under which there is often a basement or an underground. In our article, we will tell about how to insulate the floor on the first floor and not only.

The most reliable way to protect from cold is the use of insulation, which can be in the form of blocks, rolls or bulk materials. By deciding whether the floor is better, it is necessary to choose between the cost, thermally insulating properties and durability of the material.

Warming of the basement

Builders are not very careful about tightness when floor lay out. In the base space, the slits most often remain. They can even be seen from the basement. The first thing to be taken is to close the cracks in the overlap. Small holes can be scaled below. In a private house to overlapping from the bottom side, you can stick the insulation slabs.

The mounting glue for foam is suitable here. How to make insulated floor from below, so that the plates do not lag behind? For this, they are additionally grabbed by parachute dowels, and the joints are proper.

The explicit advantage of the method is that you do not need to break anything. Everything will remain as it was, and in the house will be warm.

Wood floor insulation

Old gender board can be replaced with a new one. If it is in good condition, the floor gently disassembled. At the same time, you need to mark the boards, then not to waste time and strength to fit. This is especially true of half the floor. Disassembly make in order to also collect back. Nails are removed carefully, so as not to damage the boards. When assembling the floor, it is advisable to apply the screws that create more durable connections and are easily removed.

Before insulationing the floor on the first floor, the slots should be thoroughly close using mounting foam, putty and cement-sandy solutions. Lags should be checked and further strengthen. Otherwise, the floorboard will also creak, as before. In building stores, there are racks that are screwed into the lags and rest in the overlap. They can also be made of steel studs.

The slabs of the overlap are tightly laid by a mineral wool that should go on the walls. The budget solution is to use mats from straw or sawdust, but they decompose over time. You can also use clayzite, foam crumb or slag. In principle, any insulation is suitable if it performs its functions. A layer of vapor barrier is placed on the overlap, so that the moisture is not accumulated from which the properties of the insulation deteriorate significantly.

How to insulate the floor with polyfoam or polystyrene foam

If the floor is covered with ceramic tiles or cement screed, it can be insulated with thin sheets of polystyrene foam or foam.

Also used fiberboard and drywall GVL. But their heat insulating properties are significantly lower.

A layer of vapor insulation is placed on the concrete overlap, and on it - a layer of insulation and plastic film. Then the top of the cement tie or a special mixture is placed on top. It must be reinforced by the grid. To compensate for temperature fluctuations around the perimeter of the wall, the edge ribbon is stacked. From above, a new floor covering is installed: tile, parquet, laminate or linoleum.

Warming Substrate for Linoleum

The problem of how to insulate the floor on the first floor can be solved in the simplest way due to the linoleum with the substrate. It is the most common, cheap, convenient in the installation and maintenance of the coating. It is enough to cut it right and insert under the plinth.

The material is a layer of PVC with a pattern, fiberglass and substrate, which is often used by the same material from two sides, it does not allow to deform the coating when the temperature is changed.

There is also a heaters for the floor under linoleum. It is a lower layer that can be made of jute or fabric.

Additional substrate under linoleum

If the coating does not have the necessary protection from the cold below, additional substrates are applied under the main coating: plug, flax and expanded foam. The plug is a good insulation, but it can be used as an independent coating. Ordinary plywood or fiberboard also have thermal insulating properties, but the effect will be significantly larger if they additionally put the polystyrene layer. The insulation for the floor under the linoleum is best laid under the faeer or fiberboard.

This is done as follows:

• the insulation substrate is laid on dry and smooth floor;
• plywood is stacked and attached by self-pressing to the floor;
• the linoleum is covered on top and hide the edges under the plinth that protects the substrate from the penetration of water.

This method is applied in rooms with high ceilings.

How to connect a warm floor

It makes it possible to create uniform heat indoors. It is a heating system located under the coating, which gives the most favorable temperature distribution in the height room.

The problem of how to insulate the floor on the first floor using electrical heating can be solved in one of the following ways:

1. With a polymer applied under any floor covering. It does not require pouring screed.
2. The power of which varies depending on the temperature. Cold areas he warms more, and warm - less. It requires a pouring screed.
3. Carbon rods fixed on fiberglass grid can be poured with conventional tiled glue.

After installation you need to know how to connect a warm floor. This requires the thermostat, to which the warming cable is connected. All connections should be made according to the instructions, carefully performing all the steps.

Water heating is made using pipes with circulating hot water. They fit under the floor or poured with a screed. Heating is performed through copper, polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes that are connected to the system heating system.

Heating of the floor can be distributed so that individual sections are connected. To do this, take the collector with adjusting valves.

Conclusion

Heat the floors can be due to the installation of heat-insulating materials used separately or as a substrate flooring. Especially effective are thermal insulation panels from the bottom of the ceiling. When they are installed, there is no need to disassemble the floor upstairs. In addition, you can install a warm floor system that can be autonomous or logged into the home heating system.