How to keep chrysanthemums in winter - warming methods and practical advice. Chrysanthemums in winter

Chrysanthemum, although it is not a "sissy", in our climate, without additional measures, the period of cold weather in open ground will not bear. There are several ways to save chrysanthemums in winter, and for each of its varieties, a different method is chosen. When choosing it, one must take into account both the peculiarities of the climate in the place of cultivation, and the degree of readiness for extreme conditions associated with low temperatures.

Note. Shelter for the winter should not be taken literally. Depending on the variety, some varieties of chrysanthemums are not left outdoors until spring. But those belonging to the category of frost-resistant need some preparation for extreme conditions.

For those summer residents who have paid due attention to caring for this flower throughout the season, the work is somewhat simplified. But if the chrysanthemum grew "by itself", without special supervision, then it is necessary to carry out a whole range of measures.

Inspection and removal of old, withered stems, remaining foliage.
Pruning bushes. The height of the "stumps" is determined independently, depending on the method of shelter and the expected thickness of the snow crust. As a rule, 15 ± 5 cm.
Cleaning of the territory in the place of flower cultivation. With construction waste, pests are also removed from it, and they settle there for the winter.
Chrysanthemum treatment with drugs.
Top dressing of the soil (only with formulations based on potassium and phosphorus).
Pre-winter watering.

This is a general list of works that are carried out on the site before the onset of cold weather. If everything is organized correctly, then the plant will be well prepared for the winter and will withstand low temperatures. Otherwise, in our climate, even high-quality insulation may not help.

Chrysanthemum shelter methods

Increasing the mulch layer

For regions with soft and snowy winters Is the most convenient option. If this method of hiding the chrysanthemum is chosen, then the plant is cut to 10 cm, and the mulch layer is brought to a level that completely covers the flower. Such insulation is quite enough to make him feel comfortable during the entire period of cold weather. Additionally, spruce branches, sawdust, shavings can be placed on top.

In the southern regions, it is enough to only huddle the chrysanthemum, that is, throw an earthen mound around it.

Storage above ground

In this case, the chrysanthemum is not cut too low. The "trunks" are pulled into a "cocoon", gently bent to the ground, and on top are covered with any material capable of retaining heat. It is only necessary to ensure that the protection itself does not get wet, otherwise the development of rot, which will spread to the chrysanthemum, cannot be avoided. In practice, summer residents cover the insulation with polyethylene film, and to eliminate the risk of its displacement, the edges are pressed down with a load (bricks, pipe cuttings, etc.).

Dome storage

More effective method protecting chrysanthemums from severe frosts... How to equip such a shelter depends on the flower planting scheme.

If these are separately located specimens, they will have to be insulated with individual structures. For example, overlay with bricks installed on the edge. On them - a sheet of slate, plywood or a pair of boards, on top - a layer of earth (or mulch). After the snow falls, it is thrown over the shelter to create additional thermal insulation.

Another option is a wire arc frame. They are installed crosswise, and are covered from above insulation material+ film.

For chrysanthemums that are planted in a row, the "tunnel" design is more convenient. The arcs are placed at a certain interval, long slats are tied to them, and the already formed frame is covered with any elastic material that will ensure proper warming of the flowers.

Recommendation - with any method of shelter, the risk of a greenhouse effect must be eliminated. That is, to foresee in advance something similar to ventilation / holes, which, if necessary, will have to be opened to ventilate the chrysanthemum.

Saving the plant during the cold season

In some cases, leaving the chrysanthemum outdoors is not worth it. When asked whether to dig it out or not, you will have to look for the answer yourself. Although the plant (especially the varieties that are more common in the Russian Federation) is capable of withstanding low temperatures, but before making a decision, several points should be taken into account.

How the climate is changing in the region. When analyzing the features of the weather, it is worth taking into account not only the level of soil freezing, but also the intensity of precipitation in winter period whether thaws were observed over the previous couple of years (how often, their duration), the thickness of the snow cover, changes in the direction of the wind. If the winters have recently been unpredictable in terms of various "surprises", then it is hardly worth the risk, leaving chrysanthemums on the site even under cover. Temperature jumps will lead to the fact that the plant either stifles under it, or its root system freezes out.

Chrysanthemum variety. Basically, hybrids are grown in the dacha and house plots - some of the properties of the parents are leveled, if not completely lost. It is pointless to hope that their offspring will also easily endure frosts.

By the way, many experts agree that harvesting chrysanthemums for the winter from the site is much preferable. And they explain this for several reasons.

Such a plant, after planting in open ground, blooms much earlier than those that hibernated in it.

The chrysanthemum, which was removed from the site for the period of cold weather, is much stronger, stronger than its counterparts left on the territory. With home storage, its condition is regularly monitored, so the slightest signs of damage are detected immediately. This means that appropriate measures are taken immediately, including those of a preventive nature.

Many are not satisfied with the removal of chrysanthemums from the ground for the winter because there is nowhere to store it. But is it?

Chrysanthemum storage in winter

In the trench

The optimum depth of the ditch is within half a meter. But the place should be chosen on a hill, otherwise melt water flood the chrysanthemum and it will rot before it can be planted on the territory. The bottom of the ditch and the walls must be insulated (for example, with expanded clay and boards). Flowers are dug up together with clods of earth and tightly packed into the trench. From above, it is covered so as to prevent moisture and cold from getting inside. Actually, everything that is at hand will be used - pieces of slate, roofing material, film and so on.

This method of shelter is convenient because the chrysanthemum is in its natural environment. Therefore, it blooms after planting in the place in early spring.

In the cellar on the floor

The root system of the bushes, which are dug up and transferred with the remnants of the soil, is covered with material (or placed in linen bags). If the floor is earthen in the cellar, this is quite enough for the chrysanthemum to be comfortable during the entire cold period. Depending on the microclimate in such a confined space, the fabric may be moistened periodically. The main thing is to prevent root rotting.

In a container

As such, boxes, buckets are used, that is, everything where you can put the chrysanthemum and load the soil mixture from above. It's easy to find a place for them for the winter - basement, barn, insulated balcony, the same cellar (on the rack). The temperature should not go beyond 0 - 5 ° C (naturally, with a plus sign). The prepared soil is poured into the selected container. Its most common recipe is peat + coarse sand (in equal proportions).

There is no single recommendation for the start time of work related to the shelter of the chrysanthemum. You need to be guided by the weather. "Signal" - the first frost. Experienced florists it is advised to wait a few days for the flowers to undergo a slight hardening. This will allow them to better survive the winter, regardless of the chosen method of saving in the cold season. That is, pruning of bushes and all other activities are carried out approximately on the third or fourth day.
Use plant debris during the winter shelter of chrysanthemums, weeds, branches, straw should not be, although there are such recommendations. It is not for nothing that everything that is collected on the site is disposed of in the oven. It is in the fallen leaves, cut dried shoots that they like to settle garden pests... If all this is put on a chrysanthemum, then it is unlikely that she will meet the spring unaffected.
In the process of storing chrysanthemums, the main thing is the stability of the microclimate. Sudden jumps in humidity or temperature can destroy the flower, and it will not survive the winter.

It turns out that there is nothing difficult in preparing a chrysanthemum for winter. If you take care of the plant during the season, then in the fall it will only be necessary to cover it or move it from the site to another place.

How to keep chrysanthemums in winter? Do I need to dig up the chrysanthemums for storage or can I just cover them up? What varieties of chrysanthemums winter best? How and when to cover chrysanthemums for the winter? How to prune chrysanthemums before winter shelter? These wintering questions

Chrysanthemums in winter. Dig up or cover?

1. What are the winters in your area? Chrysanthemums, like other plants, are better preserved under snow and more difficult to endure snowless winters with frost. Temperature changes with alternating thaws and frosts are also detrimental to chrysanthemums. If the winters in your region are rainy (this happens here), chrysanthemums can die from stagnant water.

2. Chrysanthemum variety. In regions with frosty winters, choose the so-called. Korean chrysanthemums, or Korean chrysanthemum hybrids, which in Russia are also called ‘oak’. This is a conditional species, in which many varieties of chrysanthemums are collected, for every taste and color. Korean chrysanthemums successfully zoned in the Middle zone and the Moscow region and winter with minimal shelter.

When buying a blooming chrysanthemum in a pot, make no mistake by adopting a thermophilic homemade chrysanthemum for a cold-resistant garden. You can tell them apart by the size of their leaves and flowers: garden chrysanthemums have smaller leaves and flowers, while domestic chrysanthemums have larger ones. Heat-loving chrysanthemums are not only poorly preserved in winter, but also require a much longer warm season to lush bloom, which in cold regions is possible only behind the glass of a greenhouse or loggia.

See also: Zones of winter hardiness of plants in Russia and Europe

3. Planting and caring for chrysanthemums in your garden. So that chrysanthemums do not vomit during thaws, they are recommended to be planted on a hill where rain and melt water does not accumulate. In cold regions, it is better to plant flowering chrysanthemums from the store into the open ground no later than the end of August, so that the plant has time to take root before winter. When planting, add phosphate fertilizers to the pit. Fertilize garden chrysanthemums nitrogen only in the spring, at the very beginning of the season, and in the summer, carry out regular fertilizing with potash fertilizers, which contribute to flowering.

Did you know that a particularly important part of caring for a chrysanthemum is regularly dividing the bush? If bush chrysanthemums are not divided every 2-3 years, they quickly age and die. Chrysanthemums, which are regularly divided, are much better preserved in winter than old bushes, which tend to die in winter, even if the weather was quite favorable. To be sure, plant parts of the divided bush of your favorite chrysanthemums in different places in the garden, which will increase the plant's chances of a successful wintering.

4. Shelters of chrysanthemums for the winter. Chrysanthemums are vomited under excessively warm shelters. Often in cold regions, chrysanthemums die precisely from damping, and not from frost.

For cold regions, there are 2 main ways to preserve chrysanthemums in winter: shelter and digging up with subsequent storage. The most practical gardeners successfully combine both methods to ensure that their favorite varieties of chrysanthemums are preserved in winter. They cover the main chrysanthemum bush, and a small part is separated from the roots and stored in a cellar, in a basement, on a cold terrace, in a trench or other room in winter, which, if it freezes, is only slightly. Read about storing chrysanthemums (roses, hydrangeas and other plants) in a prikop in our special article.

Some initially grow chrysanthemums in containers (pots and tubs). With this growing method, transfer chrysanthemums to winter storage very easy and no digging required.

In order to preserve chrysanthemums in the garden under cover in winter, when the temperature approaches zero or even after the first light frosts, the plants are cut to a height of approx. 20 cm and spud with peat, humus, sawdust, shavings, garden compost or just earth. Top of the chrysanthemums are covered with a layer of dry leaves and covered with spruce branches. Lapnik traps snow over the chrysanthemum bush and keeps the air inside the winter shelter.

There is a widespread belief that chrysanthemum is a capricious flower and its cultivation is troublesome. This statement is absolutely not true. To answer the question: how to preserve chrysanthemums in winter, you need to determine which one garden group your chrysanthemum applies.

Korean or bush. This group of chrysanthemums is the most hardy, unpretentious and winter-hardy; for the similarity of its leaves with oak, the people received the name "oak". This group is ideal for beginner flower growers, and even with minimal maintenance will delight with long and long flowering.

Indian or large-flowered. This group of chrysanthemums is the most difficult to cultivate and cut. To obtain large flowers requires shaping and constant care... Due to complex agricultural techniques and low winter hardiness, it is very little widespread.

Globular or multiflora. A relatively new group of chrysanthemums, which quickly became widespread. Distinctive feature this group is a genetically laid spherical shape of the bush.

Preparation for wintering

Regardless of which garden group your chrysanthemum belongs to at the end of August - September, for a successful wintering, a number of preparatory measures should be carried out:

Chrysanthemum bushes should be checked for pests and diseases and, if necessary, carry out appropriate processing, because, as you know, they are strong and healthy plants wintering will be better.
Feed the bushes with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, for example, "Potassium Monophosphate", which will increase the frost resistance of plants.
When a steady cold snap sets in, prune the plants, leaving hemp no more than 10 cm high.

Wintering

There are 3 options for wintering chrysanthemums: in the open field, in the basement or indoors.

Wintering in the open field. This wintering method is only suitable winter-hardy varieties belonging to the group of Korean chrysanthemums.

After preliminary pruning, the bushes must be earthed from all sides. It is very important when performing this process to avoid the formation of pits in which water can accumulate.

Important! Water is the worst enemy of chrysanthemum bushes in winter and spring. Its accumulation will cause the bushes to get wet and dry out in the spring.

Many varieties of chrysanthemums successfully winter in the garden until spring under the snow without the construction of additional shelter, it will only be enough to huddle them. But if frosty winters with a small amount of snow are typical for your region, then for a successful wintering you need to build a simple shelter.

To arrange a shelter, bricks are placed on the sides of the bush, if there are several bushes, then a whole row can be laid out of them. Put on top wide board, a sheet of slate or iron, which it is desirable to press down with something heavy to exclude the possibility of being blown away by the wind. Thus, you have built a shelter that protects against water ingress and is well ventilated from the sides.

Many people use another method of sheltering plants for the winter. With the onset of stable frosty weather, the bushes are covered with coniferous spruce branches or, in its absence, with tree branches, which are then covered with leaves. For shelter, you can also use artificial materials, such as "Spunbond".

Attention! As a shelter, sawdust or peat cannot be used, which have the ability to accumulate and retain moisture, which will inevitably lead to damping of plants.

Wintering in the basement or cellar. This method of wintering is suitable for heat-loving chrysanthemums belonging to the Indian or multiflora groups; it is also used for especially valuable varieties in order to exclude the possibility of their loss.

With the onset of stable frosts, the cut bushes are dug out of the garden and, together with an earthen lump, are placed in boxes or pots, which are placed in a basement or cellar for further storage, where a low positive temperature is maintained throughout the winter.

Attention! With this method of storage, the bushes are very often affected by various rot, so they must be periodically inspected and, if necessary, treated with fungicides accordingly.

Indoor wintering. This method of wintering is used mainly for late-flowering varieties from the Indian and spherical groups, which do not have time to open their buds in open ground conditions.

At the onset of the first frost, these varieties are dug out of the garden, placed in containers of suitable size and transferred to a bright, cool room. Spherical chrysanthemums look especially beautiful in pots.

After the end of flowering, watering is reduced, the plants are cut off and for further wintering the pots with plants are placed in a place with a temperature of no higher than 5 degrees.

Attention! Chrysanthemum necessarily requires a dormant period at low temperatures. If this condition is not met, the plants are depleted and do not bloom so abundantly.

Many gardeners are discouraged by the need to harvest chrysanthemum roots for the winter. But the same dahlias or gladioli, which are widespread in gardens, also require annual digging and storage at low temperatures, especially planting material chrysanthemums are much better stored than eternally rotting tubers.

Regardless of which storage method you choose, none of them will give a 100% guarantee of the safety of the roots until spring. Experienced flower growers use a combined wintering method to preserve the most valuable varieties, some of the bushes are covered and left in the open ground, some are dug up.

Your brownie.

Hello! Every year you have to spend a lot of energy on planting spherical chrysanthemums in summer cottages. They say she can survive the winter? If so, tell us more about such an amazing flower as spherical chrysanthemum - wintering in the open field, preparation and so on.

Chrysanthemum - favorite plant many summer residents. Because of her beauty, they are ready to spend a lot of time and effort. And, indeed, chrysanthemum can overwinter outdoors. Depending on the variety, they easily tolerate wintering not only in the south, but also in middle lane our country. Of course, in order for such a plant as spherical chrysanthemum, wintering in the open field to pass without consequences, you need to prepare accordingly.

Preparation for wintering

With the arrival of autumn, flowers fall from the chrysanthemum, leaves wither. So it's time to make sure that your favorite flower can easily survive the winter.

For this, the bushes are cut to a height of about 10-12 centimeters. It is advisable to use a sharp pruner for this - the stems are quite delicate and easily damaged. A dull pruner will chew on them more than cut them off.

In the southern regions of the country, where there are no frosts, this is quite enough. If you are growing in the middle lane, you need to take care that the first frosts do not kill the stems and roots. For this, the chrysanthemum is covered with spruce branches or a thick layer of sawdust. The first option is more convenient - there will be no need to remove sawdust in the spring. But the second is more accessible - not everyone has the opportunity to stock up the right amount spruce branches.

If the winters in the region are very frosty and with little snow, then the only way out is to transfer to flowerpots and storage in the basement or cellar, followed by disembarkation.

Spring works

In the spring, as soon as the snow melts and it becomes warm enough, spruce branches or sawdust should be removed from the chrysanthemum. Excess moisture must go away so that young shoots are not attacked by rot and mold. But if the nights are cold, cuttings should be covered with rags in the evenings.

In general, it is not advisable to grow one chrysanthemum bush for more than two years in a row - there are fewer flowers, and the bush itself disintegrates. Therefore, at the end of the second season, the bush should be divided into cuttings and transplanted. Then the flower bed will delight you with its beauty for more than one year.

The video will tell you in detail about the wintering of chrysanthemums:

Experienced gardeners know that with the arrival of autumn, a crucial moment begins in the field. Almost everyone needs special care and special preparation for wintering. In order for flowers, decorative and trees to rest, gain strength and in spring they can grow, they need to provide special care in the cold season.

Preparatory work

Preparation of chrysanthemums for winter begins at the end of August - the last summer month.

Wintering chrysanthemums in the ground

Warming and storage of chrysanthemums in winter open ground possible in both mild and rather harsh climates. First of all, around the bushes you need to paddle the soil well, carefully huddle. Try to prevent pits near the stems, otherwise the soil will begin to swamp, and the roots may rot. And in frosts, the soil will freeze too much, cover with a crust, which will also lead to the death of the bush. If your winters are mild, a lot of snow falls, chrysanthemums will hide well under it. Under other conditions, additional shelters must be built over the bushes. It can be a canopy that protects against excessive moisture, "huts" of spruce branches for insulation or a pile of fallen leaves, straw, hay. But peat, sawdust are not the materials that can be used for shelter. They absorb too much moisture and can lead to the blooming of the bushes. If the plant needs to be dug, and there is nowhere to store it until spring, you can dig a small trench, put bushes in it along with a lump of earth on the roots, cover it with slate on top, wooden board or an iron sheet, and then sprinkle with earth. In the spring, chrysanthemums are pulled out and planted again.

This is the kind of care required by these beautiful