Sergeant of the Guard

The protagonist of the novel, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, recalls. He was born into the family of a small landowner. Grinev's father is a retired officer. Even before the birth of his son, he assigned him as a sergeant to the Semenovsky Guards Regiment.

When Peter was five years old, his father assigned him a servant, Arkhip Savelich, so that he would raise the little master. The servant taught the boy to read and understand Russian and hunting dogs. At the age of twelve, the French teacher Beaupré was discharged for Petit. But he became addicted to vodka and did not miss a single skirt, completely forgetting about his duties.

Once the maids complained about the teacher, and Grinev's father came straight to class. A drunken Frenchman was asleep, and Petya was making from a geographical map kite... The angry father kicked out the Frenchman. That was the end of Petya's studies.

Grinev turns sixteen, and his father sends him to the service. But not to Petersburg, but to his good friend in Orenburg. Savelich is traveling with Petya. In Simbirsk, at an inn, Grinev meets the hussar captain Zurin, who teaches him to play billiards. Peter gets drunk and loses one hundred rubles to the military man. In the morning he drives on.

Chapter II

Counselor

On the way to the duty station Grinev and Savelich go astray. A lone wanderer leads them to the inn. There Peter manages to examine the guide. This is a black-bearded man of about forty, strong, lively and of the most robbery kind. He enters into a strange conversation with the innkeeper, full of allegories.

Grinev gives the guide his hare sheepskin coat, since the black-bearded one is practically undressed. The escort pulls on a sheepskin coat, although it is bursting at the seams on it, and promises to remember the kindness of the young master for centuries.

The next day, Grinev arrives in Orenburg and introduces himself to the general, who, on the advice of Father Petit, sends the young man to the Belogorsk fortress under the command of Captain Mironov.

Chapter III

Fortress

Grinev arrives at the Belogorsk fortress. It is a village surrounded by a palisade with a single cannon. Captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov is a gray-haired old man, under whose command about a hundred old soldiers and two officers serve. One of them is the elderly one-eyed lieutenant Ivan Ignatyich, the second is Alexei Shvabrin, who was exiled to this backwater for a duel.

Peter is settled in a peasant hut. That evening, he meets Shvabrin, who describes the captain's family in faces: his wife Vasilisa Yegorovna and daughter Masha. Vasilisa Yegorovna commands both her husband and the entire garrison, and Masha, according to Shvabrin, is a terrible coward. Grinev himself meets Mironov and his family, as well as the police officer Maksimych. He is terrified of the upcoming service, which he sees as endless and boring.

Chapter IV

Duel

The idea of ​​the service turned out to be wrong. Grinev quickly liked the Belogorsk fortress. There are no guards or exercises here. The captain sometimes drills the soldiers, but so far he cannot get them to distinguish between "left" and "right".

Grinev becomes almost his own in Mironov's house and falls in love with Masha. And he likes Shvabrin less and less. Alexey makes fun of everyone, speaks badly about people.

Grinev dedicates poems to Masha and reads them to Shvabrin, since this is the only person in the fortress who understands poetry. But Alexey cruelly ridicules the young author and his feelings. He advises to give Masha earrings instead of poetry and assures that he himself tested the correctness of this approach.

Grinev is offended and calls Shvabrin a liar. Alexey challenges the young man to a duel. Peter asks Ivan Ignatyich to become a second. However, the old lieutenant does not understand such a cruel showdown.

After lunch, Grinev informs Shvabrin of his failure. Then Alexey proposes to do without seconds. The opponents agree to meet in the morning, but as soon as they converge with swords in their hands, they are arrested by soldiers led by the lieutenant.

Vasilisa Yegorovna makes the duelists reconcile. Shvabrin and Grinev pretend that they are reconciled, they are released. Masha says that Alexei had already wooed her and was refused. Now Peter understands the malice with which Shvabrin slanders the girl.

The next day, the opponents converge again by the river. Shvabrin is surprised that Grinev can give such a worthy rebuff. Peter manages to press the officer, but at this time Savelich calls out to the young man. Grinev turns around abruptly and is wounded in the chest.

Chapter V

Love

The wound is serious, Peter regains consciousness only on the fourth day. Shvabrin asks for forgiveness and receives it from his opponent. Masha looks after Grinev. Peter, taking advantage of the moment, declares his love to her and learns that the girl also has tender feelings for him. Grinev writes a letter home, in which he asks for a parental blessing for marriage. But the father refuses and threatens to transfer his son to another place so as not to make a fool. The letter also says that mother Grineva fell ill.

Peter is depressed. He did not write anything to his father about the duel. How did the mother know about her? Grinev decides that Savelich reported it. But the old servant is offended by this suspicion. As proof, Savelich brings a letter from Father Grinev, in which he scolds the old man for not reporting the injury. Peter learns that Mironov also did not write to his parents and did not report to the general. Now the young man is sure that Shvabrin did it to upset their marriage with Masha.

Learning that there will be no parental blessing, Masha refuses to marry.

CHAPTER VI

Pugachevshchina

At the beginning of October 1773, a message comes about the Pugachev revolt. Despite all the precautions and attempts by Mironov to keep this secret, the rumor spreads instantly.

The captain sends the sergeant Maksimych to reconnaissance. Two days later, he returns with the news that a huge force is moving. Excitement rises among the Cossacks. The baptized Kalmyk Yulai reports that Maksimych saw Pugachev and went over to his side, and now he is inciting the Cossacks to revolt. Mironov arrests Maksimych, and puts Yulaya in his place.

Events are developing rapidly: the sergeant escapes from under the guard, the Cossacks are unhappy, the Bashkir is captured with the appeal of Pugachev. It is not possible to interrogate him, since the prisoner has no tongue. Vasilisa Yegorovna bursts into the officers' conference with bad news: the neighboring fortress has been taken, the officers have been executed. It becomes clear that soon the rebels will be under the walls of the Belogorsk fortress.

It was decided to send Masha and Vasilisa Yegorovna to Orenburg.

Chapter vii

Attack

In the morning Grinev learns that the Cossacks left the fortress and forcibly took Yulai with them. Masha did not have time to leave for Orenburg - the road was blocked. Already at dawn, Cossack and Bashkir patrols appeared near the fortress. By order of the captain, they are driven away by cannon shots, but soon the main force of the Pugachevites appears. Ahead is Emelyan himself in a red caftan on a white horse.

Four traitorous Cossacks drive up to the walls of the fortress. They offer to surrender and recognize Pugachev as sovereign. The Cossacks throw Yulai's head over the palisade straight to Mironov's feet. The captain orders to shoot. One of the negotiators is killed, the rest rush away.

The assault on the fortress begins. Mironov says goodbye to his wife and blesses the frightened Masha. Vasilisa Yegorovna takes the girl away. The commandant manages to fire the cannon one more time, then he orders to open the gate and rushes to the sortie. But the soldiers don't follow the commander. The attackers rush into the fortress.

Grinev is tied up and brought to the square, where the Pugachevites are building a gallows. The people are gathering, many greet the rioters with bread and salt. The impostor sits in a chair on the porch of the commandant's house and takes the oath of allegiance from the prisoners. Ivan Ignatyich and Mironov refuse to take the oath. They are immediately hung up.

The turn comes to Grinev. With surprise, he finds out Shvabrin in the circle of the rebels. Peter is led to the gallows, but then Savelich falls at the feet of Pugachev. The servant manages to beg for a pardon, and Grinev is released.

Vasilisa Yegorovna is taken out of the house. Seeing her husband on the gallows, she calls Pugachev an escaped convict. The old woman is killed.

Chapter viii

Uninvited guest

Grinev is trying to find out about Masha's fate. It turns out that she lies unconscious with the priest, who passes the girl off for her seriously ill niece.

Grinev returns to his ransacked apartment. Savelich explains why Pugachev suddenly spared the young man. This is the same guide whom the young officer presented with a hare sheepskin coat.

Pugachev sends for Grinev. The young man comes to the commandant's house, where he dines with the rebels. A military council is held at the meal, at which the rioters decide to go to Orenburg. Afterwards, everyone disperses, but Pugachev leaves Grineva for a private conversation. He again demands to swear an oath of loyalty, but Peter refuses. Grinev cannot promise that he will not fight against Pugachev. He is an officer, therefore he is obliged to follow the orders of his commanders.

Honesty young man bribes the leader of the rioters. Pugachev lets go of Peter.

Chapter IX

Parting

In the morning, the impostor emerges from the fortress. Before leaving, Savelich comes up to him with a list of goods that the rebels took away from Grinev. At the end of the list, a rabbit sheepskin coat is mentioned. Pugachev gets angry and throws the paper away. He leaves, leaving Shvabrin as commandant.

Grinev rushes to the priest to learn about Masha's condition. He is informed that the girl is in a fever and delirious. Peter has to leave his beloved. He can neither take her out, nor stay in the fortress.

With a heavy heart, Grinev and Savelich wander on foot to Orenburg. Suddenly they are caught up by the former Cossack sergeant Maksimych, who is leading an excellent Bashkir horse. This Pugachev ordered to give young officer horse and sheepskin coat. Grinev gratefully accepts the gift.

Chapter X

City siege

Peter arrives in Orenburg and reports to the general about what happened in the fortress. The council decides not to oppose the impostor, but to defend the city. Peter is very worried that he cannot help Masha in any way.

Soon the army of Pugachev appears, the siege of Orenburg begins. Grinev often goes out on sorties. Thanks to his fast horse and luck, he manages to remain unharmed.

In one of his sorties, Peter encounters Maksimych, who gives him a letter from Masha. The girl writes that Shvabrin took her from the priest's house and forces her to become a wife. Grinev asks the general for a company of soldiers to liberate the Belogorsk fortress, but is refused.

Chapter XI

Rebellious settlement

Grinev is going to flee from Orenburg. Together with Savelich, he safely leaves in the direction of the Berdskaya settlement, occupied by the Pugachevites. Peter hopes to go around the settlement in the dark, but stumbles upon a detachment of sentinels. However, he manages to get away. Unfortunately, Savelich is being detained.

Peter returns to rescue the old man and is also captured. Pugachev immediately recognizes Grinev and asks why the young officer left Orenburg. Peter says that he wants to free the orphan, whom Shvabrin offends.

Pugachev is angry with Shvabrin and threatens to hang him. The fugitive corporal Beloborodov's adviser to the impostor does not believe Grinev's story. He believes that the young officer is a spy. Suddenly, another adviser to Pugachev stands up for Peter - the convict Khlopush. It almost comes to a fight, but the impostor pacifies the advisers. Pugachev undertakes to arrange the wedding of Peter and Masha.

Chapter XII

Orphan

Arriving at the Belogorodskaya fortress, Pugachev demands to show him the girl whom Shvabrin is holding under arrest. Alexey makes excuses, but the impostor insists. Shvabrin leads Pugachev and Grinev into a room where Masha is sitting on the floor, exhausted.

Pugachev asks the girl why her husband punished her. Masha indignantly replies that she would rather die than become Shvabrin's wife. Pugachev is dissatisfied with Alexei's deception. He tells Shvabrin to write out a pass and lets the young couple go on all four sides.

Chapter XIII

Arrest

Grinev and Masha hit the road. In the fortresses and villages captured by the rebels, they are not hindered. There is a rumor that this is Pugachev's godfather. A couple enters a town in which a large detachment of Pugachevites should be stationed. But it turns out that this place has already been vacated. They want to arrest Grinev, he bursts into the room where the officers are sitting. Fortunately, an old acquaintance Zurin is at the head of the garrison.

Peter sends Masha and Savelich to his parents, while he himself remains in Zurin's detachment. Soon, government troops lift the siege from Orenburg. The news of the final victory arrives. The impostor is captured, the war is over. Grinev is going home, but Zurin is ordered to arrest him.

Chapter XIV

Court

Grinev is accused of treason and espionage in favor of Pugachev. The main witness is Shvabrin. Grinev does not want to make excuses so as not to involve Masha in the trial, who will be summoned as a witness or even an accomplice.

They want to hang Peter, but Empress Catherine, taking pity on his elderly father, changes the execution to an eternal settlement in Siberia. Masha decides to throw herself at the Empress's feet and ask for pardon. She goes to Petersburg.

Stopping at an inn, the girl learns that the hostess is the niece of the court stoker. This woman helps the girl to get into the Tsarskoye Selo garden, where Masha meets an important lady. The girl tells her story, and she promises to help.

The novel is based on the memoirs of a fifty-year-old nobleman Petra Andreevich Grineva written by him during the reign of Emperor Alexander and dedicated to the "Pugachevshchina", in which a seventeen-year-old officer Petr Grinev by a "strange chain of circumstances" he took an involuntary part.

Pyotr Andreevich recalls his childhood with light irony, the childhood of an ignorant noble. His father Andrey Petrovich Grinev in his youth, “he served under Count Munnich and retired as prime major in 17 ... year. Since then he lived in his Simbirsk village, where he married a girl Avdotya Vasilievna Yu., the daughter of a poor local nobleman. " The Grinev family had nine children, but all of Petrusha's brothers and sisters "died in infancy." “My mother was still a belly of me,” recalls Grinev, “as I was already enrolled in the Semyonovsky regiment as a sergeant.” Since the age of five, Petrusha has been looked after by the stirrup Savelich, who was given to him as an uncle for “sober behavior”. "Under his supervision, in the twelfth year, I learned to read and write Russian and could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound dog." Then a teacher appeared - the Frenchman Beaupré, who did not understand the "meaning of this word", since he was a hairdresser in his homeland, and a soldier in Prussia. Young Grinev and the Frenchman Beaupré quickly hit it off, and although Beaupre was contractually obliged to teach Petrusha "in French, German and all sciences", he soon preferred to learn from his student "to chat in Russian." Grinev's upbringing ends with the expulsion of Beaupre, who was convicted of dissipation, drunkenness and neglect of the duties of a teacher.

Until the age of sixteen, Grinev lives "undersized, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys." In the seventeenth year, the father decides to send his son to the service, but not to St. Petersburg, but to the army "to sniff gunpowder" and "pull the strap." He sends him to Orenburg, instructing him to serve faithfully "to whom you swear", and remember the proverb: "Take care of your dress again, but honor from your youth." All the "brilliant hopes" of the young Grinev for a cheerful life in St. Petersburg were shattered, ahead of them was "boredom in the deaf and distant side."

Approaching Orenburg, Grinev and Savelich were caught in a blizzard. A random person who meets on the road brings the wagon, lost in a blizzard, to the office. While the wagon was "quietly moving" to housing, Pyotr Andreevich had a terrible dream in which fifty-year-old Grinev sees something prophetic, linking it with the "strange circumstances" of his future life. A man with a black beard is lying in the bed of Father Grinev, and mother, calling him Andrei Petrovich and “the planted father,” wants Petrusha to “kiss his hand” and ask for blessings. A man waves an ax, the room is filled with dead bodies; Grinev stumbles over them, slides in bloody puddles, but his “terrible man” “tenderly calls”, saying: “Don't be afraid, come under my blessing”.

In gratitude for the salvation, Grinev gives the “counselor”, dressed too lightly, his hare sheepskin coat and brings a glass of wine, for which he thanks him with a low bow: “Thank you, your honor! God reward you for your virtue. " The outward appearance of the “counselor” seemed to Grinev “wonderful”: “He was about forty years old, of average height, thin and broad-shouldered. His black beard showed gray; lively big eyes kept running. His face had a rather pleasant expression, but rogue. "

The Belogorsk fortress, where Grinev was sent to serve from Orenburg, meets the young man not with formidable bastions, towers and ramparts, but turns out to be a village surrounded by wooden fence... Instead of a brave garrison, there are disabled people who do not know where is the left and where is the right; instead of deadly artillery, there is an old cannon clogged with debris.

The commandant of the fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, is an officer "from the soldiers' children", an uneducated person, but honest and kind. His wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, completely manages it and looks at the affairs of the service as if it were her own business. Soon Grinev becomes “native” for the Mironovs, and he himself “imperceptibly [...] became attached to a kind family”. In the daughter of the Mironovs, Masha Grinev, "I found a sensible and sensible girl."

The service does not bother Grinev, he was carried away by reading books, practicing translation and writing poetry. At first, he became close to Lieutenant Shvabrin, the only person in the fortress who was close to Grinev in education, age and occupation. But soon they quarrel - Shvabrin scoffed at the love "song" written by Grinev, and also allowed himself dirty hints about the "temper and custom" of Masha Mironova, to whom this song was dedicated. Later, in a conversation with Masha, Grinev will find out the reasons for the stubborn slander with which Shvabrin pursued her: the lieutenant wooed her, but was refused. “I don’t like Alexei Ivanovich. He is very disgusting to me, ”Masha admits to Grinev. The quarrel is resolved by a duel and by wounding Grinev.

Masha takes care of the wounded Grinev. Young people confess to each other "in a heartfelt inclination", and Grinev writes a letter to the priest, "asking for parental blessing." But Masha is a dowry. The Mironovs “have only one soul, Palashka,” while the Grinevs have three hundred peasants. Father forbids Grinev to marry and promises to transfer him from the Belogorsk fortress "somewhere farther away" so that the "nonsense" will pass.

After this letter, life became unbearable for Grinev, he falls into a gloomy reverie, seeks solitude. "I was afraid either to go crazy, or to fall into debauchery." And only "unexpected incidents," writes Grinev, "that had an important impact on my whole life, suddenly gave my soul a strong and good shock."

At the beginning of October 1773, the commandant of the fortress received a secret message about the Don Cossack Yemelyan Pugachev, who, posing as “the late Emperor Peter III”, “gathered a villainous gang, stirred up indignation in Yaik villages and had already taken and destroyed several fortresses”. The commandant was asked to "take appropriate measures to repel the aforementioned villain and impostor."

Soon everyone was talking about Pugachev. A Bashkir with "outrageous sheets" was captured in the fortress. But they failed to interrogate him - the Bashkir's tongue was torn out. From day to day, the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress are expecting an attack by Pugachev,

The rebels appear unexpectedly - the Mironovs did not even have time to send Masha to Orenburg. At the first attack, the fortress was taken. Residents greet Pugachevites with bread and salt. The prisoners, among whom was Grinev, are taken to the square to swear allegiance to Pugachev. The first to die on the gallows is the commandant, who refused to swear allegiance to "a thief and an impostor." Under the blow of a saber, Vasilisa Yegorovna falls dead. Death awaits Grinev on the gallows, but Pugachev has mercy on him. A little later, Grinev learns from Savelich "the reason for the mercy" - the ataman of the robbers turned out to be the vagrant who received from him, Grinev, a hare sheepskin coat.

In the evening Grinev was invited to the “great sovereign”. "I have pardoned you for your virtue," Pugachev says to Grinev, "[...] Do you promise to serve me with zeal?" But Grinev is a "natural nobleman" and "swore allegiance to the empress." He cannot even promise Pugachev not to serve against him. “My head is in your power,” he says to Pugachev, “if you let me go, thank you, you will execute me - God is your judge.”

Grinev's sincerity amazes Pugachev, and he lets the officer go "on all four sides." Grinev decides to go to Orenburg for help - after all, Masha remained in a strong fever in the fortress, whom the priest passed off as her niece. He is especially worried that Shvabrin has been appointed commandant of the fortress, who has sworn allegiance to Pugachev.

But in Orenburg, Grinev was denied help, and a few days later the rebel troops surrounded the city. Long days of siege dragged on. Soon, by chance, a letter from Masha falls into the hands of Grinev, from which he learns that Shvabrin is forcing her to marry him, threatening to otherwise give her out to the Pugachevites. Once again, Grinev turns to the military commander for help, and again receives a refusal.

Grinev and Savelich leave for the Belogorsk fortress, but they are captured by the rebels near the Berdskaya settlement. And again, Providence brings Grinev and Pugachev together, giving the officer an opportunity to fulfill his intention: having learned from Grinev the essence of the matter in which he was going to the Belogorsk fortress, Pugachev himself decides to free the orphan and punish the offender.

On the way to the fortress, a confidential conversation takes place between Pugachev and Grinev. Pugachev is clearly aware of his doom, expecting betrayal primarily on the part of his comrades, he knows that he will not wait for "the Empress's mercy" either. For Pugachev, as for an eagle from a Kalmyk fairy tale, which he tells Grinev with “wild inspiration”, “how to eat carrion for three hundred years, better times get drunk with living blood; and there what God will give! " Grinev draws a different moral conclusion from the fairy tale, which surprises Pugachev: "To live by murder and robbery means to peck at the carrion for me."

In the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev, with the help of Pugachev, frees Masha. And although the enraged Shvabrin reveals deception to Pugachev, he is full of magnanimity: "Execute, execute, grant, grant, this is my custom." Grinev and Pugachev part "amicably".

Grinev sends Masha as a bride to his parents, and he himself remains in the army due to his "duty of honor". The war "with robbers and savages" is "boring and petty." Grinev's observations are filled with bitterness: "God forbid to see a Russian rebellion, senseless and merciless."

The end of the military campaign coincides with the arrest of Grinev. Appearing before the court, he is calm in his confidence that he can justify himself, but Shvabrin slanders him, exposing Grinev as a spy dispatched from Pugachev to Orenburg. Grinev was convicted, shame awaited him, exile to Siberia for an eternal settlement.

From shame and exile, Grinev is saved by Masha, who goes to the queen to "ask for mercy." Walking through the garden of Tsarskoye Selo, Masha met a middle-aged lady. In this lady, everything "involuntarily attracted the heart and inspired confidence." Having learned who Masha was, she offered her help, and Masha sincerely told the lady the whole story. The lady turned out to be the empress, who pardoned Grinev in the same way as Pugachev once pardoned both Masha and Grinev.

A poor landowner from the Simbirsk province decided to give his 16-year-old son, Petrusha Grinyov, to military service - and not to the St. Petersburg Guards regiment, to which his son was assigned from infancy, but to an ordinary army, to the Urals.

Together with his loyal serf pestun Savelich Petrusha went to Orenburg. On the way, in one of the taverns in Simbirsk, the impudent captain Zurin beat the inexperienced young man at billiards by a hundred rubles.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 2 "Leader" - a summary

Leaving Simbirsk with the driver, Petrusha and Savelich were caught in a strong blizzard. They were almost covered with snow. Salvation was brought only by an unexpected meeting in an open field with a strange man who showed the way to the inn. With joy, Petrusha presented the savior with his hare sheepskin coat, for which he thanked him heartily. A peasant met in the field and the innkeeper were talking to each other in some strange phrases that only they could understand.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 3 "Fortress" - a summary

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 4 "Duel" - a summary

The sarcastic and impudent Shvabrin spoke of all the inhabitants of the fortress tartly and dismissively. Grinev soon began to dislike him. Petrusha especially did not like Shvabrin's greasy jokes about the captain's daughter Masha. Grinev entered into a quarrel with Shvabrin, and he challenged him to a duel. The reason for Shvabrin's irritation was also found out: he had previously unsuccessfully wooed Masha and now saw his rival in Grinev.

During a duel on swords, the strong and brave Petrusha almost drove Shvabrin into the river, but he was suddenly distracted by the cry of Savelich running up. Taking advantage of the fact that Grinev turned away for a moment, Shvabrin wounded him below his right shoulder.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 5 "Love" - ​​a summary

For five days the wounded Petrusha lay unconscious. He was courted not only by the faithful Savelich, but also by Masha. Grinev fell in love with the captain's daughter, and with Shvabrin he magnanimously reconciled.

Petrusha wrote to his father, asking him for his blessing to marry Masha. But the parent replied with a sharp refusal. He had already learned about the filial duel. Petrusha suspected that the insidious Shvabrin had informed her father about her. Grinev offered Masha to get married against the will of his parents, but she said that she could not go for it. Petrusha took the refusal of his beloved as a heavy blow and fell into a gloomy mood, until unexpected events suddenly brought him out of melancholy.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 6 "Pugachevshchina" - a summary

At the beginning of October 1773, Captain Mironov summoned the officers to his place and read the notification that had come from the higher authorities to them. It reported that a certain rebel Emelyan Pugachev gathered a villainous gang, raised a riot in the surrounding areas and had already taken several fortresses.

The captain was very worried. The garrison of Belogorskaya was small, its fortifications were weak, and the hope for local Cossacks was very doubtful. Soon, a Bashkir with outrageous sheets was captured nearby, and then the news came that Pugachev had taken the neighboring Nizhneozernaya fortress. The rebels hanged all the officers there.

Captain Mironov and his wife Vasilisa Yegorovna decided to take their daughter Masha to Orenburg. Masha said goodbye to Grinev, sobbing on his chest.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 7 "Attack" - a summary

But Masha did not have time to leave. The very next morning, Belogorskaya was surrounded by Pugachev's gangs. The defenders of the fortress tried to defend themselves, but the forces were too unequal. After a hot attack, crowds of rebels broke into the ramparts.

Pugachev, who rode up, sitting in armchairs, began to administer his own judgment. Captain Ivan Kuzmich and his assistant Ivan Ignatyich were hanged on the gallows erected there and then. Grinev was surprised to see that Shvabrin had already put on a Cossack caftan and was sitting next to Pugachev. The rioters dragged Petrusha to the gallows. He was already saying goodbye to life when Savelich rushed to Pugachev's feet, begging to have mercy on his master. Emelyan gave a sign, and Grinev was released.

The rebels began to loot houses. Masha's mother, Vasilisa Yegorovna, ran out onto the porch of one of them, screaming, and immediately fell dead from the blow of a Cossack saber.

Pugachev's trial. Artist V. Perov, 1870s

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 8 "Uninvited Guest" - a summary

Grinev found out that Masha was hidden with Akulina Pamfilovna's priest to protect her from violence. But just in time Pugachev came to feast with his comrades. Booty hid the captain's daughter in the next room, passing her off as a sick relative.

Savelich, who approached Grinev, asked if he recognized Pugachev. It turned out that the rebellious leader was the very "leader" who had once brought them out of the snowstorm to the inn, having received a hare sheepskin coat for this. Grinev realized that Pugachev had pardoned him in gratitude for this gift.

A Cossack who ran up said that Pugachev was demanding Grinev to his table. Petrusha was given a place at the feast of the robber leaders. When everyone had dispersed, Emelyan reminded Grinyov of the incident at the inn and invited him to his service, promising to "be promoted to field marshals." Grinev refused. Pugachev almost got angry, but the nobleman's sincerity and courage impressed him. Patting Grinev on the shoulder, he allowed him to go out of the fortress wherever he wanted.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 9 "Parting" - a summary

In the morning of the next day, Pugachev with their crowds set out from the Belogorsk fortress, leaving Shvabrin as its new chief. Masha, whose hands Shvabrin once molested, remained in his power! There was no way to take her out of the fortress: from the shocks with the captain's daughter, a fever became at night, and she lay unconscious.

Grinev could only hurry to Orenburg and beg the local military authorities to send a detachment to liberate Belogorskaya. On the way, he was overtaken by a Cossack with a horse and a sheepskin coat, which Pugachev bestowed upon him.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 10 "The Siege of the City" - a summary

Arriving in Orenburg, Grinev told the general about what had happened in Belogorskaya, and at the military council he advocated decisive action. But the opinion of the cautious adherents of defensive tactics prevailed. The authorities preferred to sit out behind the strong walls of Orenburg. Pugachev soon approached the city and began a siege.

In Orenburg, famine began. The brave Grinev took part in sorties every day, fighting with the rioters. In one battle, he accidentally met a familiar Cossack from Belogorskaya, who gave him a letter from Masha. She reported that Shvabrin was forcibly forcing her to marry him, otherwise threatening to send her as a concubine to Pugachev.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 11 "Rebellious Sloboda" - a summary

Distraught with grief, Grinev decided to go alone to Masha to save her. The devotee Savelich insisted that he would follow along with him. Passing along the exit from Orenburg, the settlement, where the headquarters of Pugachev was located, they were captured by a patrol of five men with clubs.

Grinev was taken to the hut to Pugachev, who immediately recognized him. When questioned, Petrusha explained that he was going to Belogorskaya to save his bride, whom Shvabrin offends there. In a fit of generosity, Pugachev said that tomorrow he would go to Belogorskaya with Grinev and himself would marry him to Masha.

They drove out the next morning. Grinev, sitting with Pugachev in the same wagon, tried to persuade him to end the hopeless rebellion. The rebellious leader, in response, told a tale about a raven, which makes a living for carrion and lives for 300 years, and an eagle, dying at 33, but drinking fresh blood.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 12 "Orphan" - a summary

In the Belogorsk fortress, Shvabrin at first did not want to give Masha, but, under the threats of Pugachev, inevitably yielded. It turned out that he kept Masha locked up, feeding her only bread and water.

Pugachev allowed Grinyov and the captain's daughter to go wherever they themselves wanted. The next day their wagon left Belogorskaya.

A.S. Pushkin. Captain's daughter. Audiobook

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 13 "Arrest" - a summary

Not far from the fortress, the wagon was stopped by government soldiers who had arrived to suppress the Pugachev rebellion. The head of this unit was Ivan Zurin, who once beat Grinev in the Simbirsk tavern and now recognized him. Petrusha joined his unit as an officer, and Masha was sent with Savelich to his parents' estate.

Pugachev's uprising was soon suppressed. Grinev was looking forward to the day when he would be allowed to go to his native estate, to his father, mother and Masha. But Zurin suddenly received an order to arrest Grinev and send him to Kazan - to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 14 "The Court" - a summary

Shvabrin, who was captured during the suppression of the rebellion, acted as a witness against Grinev. He claimed that Petrusha was a secret agent of Pugachev and conveyed information about the state of the besieged Orenburg to him. Grinev was found guilty and sentenced to death, which Empress Catherine II replaced with eternal exile to Siberia.

Having received the news of this, selfless Masha went to Petersburg to ask her betrothed for mercy. Having settled at Tsarskoye Selo, during a morning walk in the garden, she met Catherine II herself and told her the details of the history of her family and Grinev. The Empress ordered to fully acquit the innocent officer. Grinev married the captain's daughter, and their offspring prospered for a long time in the Simbirsk province.

Today at reader's diary made a note about the Captain's daughter Pushkin. I recently got acquainted with Pushkin's book The Captain's Daughter and I advise you, because the work of Alexander Pushkin captains the Captain's daughter so much that you forget about the time, but those who do not like complete works can get acquainted with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter by reading it. Namely, with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter in a brief retelling, we propose to get acquainted below.

Pushkin Captain's daughter summary

To make it simple and easy to get acquainted with the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, in order to find out the plot and, if necessary, write an essay on the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, you must first of all read the work of the author. But since many schoolchildren are lazy or simply have little time to read the works in full, we propose to get acquainted with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter in summary by chapters, and the work begins with an acquaintance with the main character Pyotr Grinev, on whose behalf the retelling is conducted. Peter himself was born into a large family, but for some reason all the children in the family died, only he survived. The boy was brought up by a servant, but over time it seemed to his parents that their son was not educated enough and they decided to send a Frenchman from Moscow to teach the boy the language. Just an ordinary hairdresser arrived, and even a seducer, who leads an immoral lifestyle, for which he was expelled from the Grinev family.

Chapter 1

Even as a child, the boys were enrolled in the regiment, which did Peter's father, enrolling his son in the St. Petersburg regiment, however, when the time came, Peter's father changed his mind about giving to the capital, even better to the Orenburg province, where his son would not hang himself. Grinev also sends a servant with his son. On the way to the Orenburg province, Peter and his servant enter a tavern, where Peter plays a game of billiards to Zurin, who immediately demands to repay the debt. The servant, who had all the money, refuses to pay. But Peter insisted on his own, considering it his duty of honor to pay the debt.

Chapter 2

Having repaid the debt, Peter promises to the servant Savelich not to get involved in such matters anymore, but the music did not last long. This time, due to the frivolity of Peter Grinev, the driver, Savely and he fall into a blizzard. A passer-by helps them to get out of the snow-covered steppe. All together they get to the hut, where Peter wants to thank. However, the servant does not give money, especially since only recently he lost a large amount. Peter gives his sheepskin coat.

CHAPTER 3

Grinev arrived at his destination and, having attended an audience with the general, was sent to serve in the garrison that was in the distance. Here our hero gets to know the town, which looked more like a settlement. The Belgorod fortress was located forty versts from Orenburg. Peter gets acquainted with the life of the residents, who were engaged in handicrafts, and fishing, and hunting, and agriculture. Training took place on the parade ground. Peter, examining the surroundings, is not happy with his place, the only good news is that the commandant has a good-natured family, however, the foundations are completely different from those that were in the Grinevs' house. His mother was quiet and all she did was cry when she saw the injustice on the part of Father Peter. Here, in the Mironov family, a woman ruled, to whom all household members obeyed.

Peter settled in the apartment of the Cossack Kuzov, who simply had to take a lodger with him, because he needed to compensate for the damage that was caused by Mironov.
And then the monotonous days in the fortress dragged on. Here Peter meets Shvabrin, who constantly spoke unflatteringly about the captain's daughter Masha, but soon Peter understood why Shvabrin did this, because he just wanted to slander Masha in the eyes of Grinev because he himself had laid eyes on the Mironovs' daughter. Shvabrin constantly slandered the girl, but when Peter met Masha, he realized that all Shvabrin's conversations were deceitful. The girl was sweet, gentle, honest, true, without a dowry, but, as her parents said, what if someone would marry her. Peter, all the time, was worried about only one question, why Shvabrin ended all his conversations with unflattering comments about the Mironov family, in particular about Masha.

Chapter 4

Grinev is getting closer to the Mironov family, while at the same time moving away from Shvabrin. Peter is fond of Masha and begins to write poetry to her, but Shvabrin, after reading the poem, advises not to send poetry, but to give something material. So, Masha will spend nights with him for earrings. The conversation develops into a quarrel and the friends set up a duel. Upon learning of the duel, Vasilisa Yegorovna scolded the guys who pretended to make up, but themselves appointed a duel for the next day. Masha talks about Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking to her, and then everything fell into place. However, there was a duel. Peter would have been the winner, because he was a good swordsman, but was distracted by the approaching Savelich and was wounded in the shoulder.

CHAPTER 5

For five days Peter was unconscious, and when he woke up, he saw Masha in front of him. Peter understands that he fell in love with a girl, she reciprocated. He writes home, where he announces his decision to marry the captain's daughter.

However, Grinev receives an angry letter from his father, because somehow he found out about the duel. He is against the wedding. Peter came to the conclusion that Savelich informed about the duel, but an angry letter was sent to him, and it becomes clear to everyone that only Shvabrin could report the duel. Despite his father's refusal of the blessing, Peter still intends to marry Masha, but she does not want a secret wedding. Masha moves away from Peter, and he, in turn, realizes that life is not sweet to him without a girl.

Chapter 6

In the fortress of Belgorod, anxiety begins, because we are talking about rioters who are planning to attack the fortress and the general orders Mironov to prepare for defense. A certain Emelyan Pugachev, who was called Peter the Third, terrifies the surroundings. Rumor has it that he has already captured several fortresses and is already on his way to Belgorod. Since, in principle, there is no one to defend the fortress, Mironov wants to send his wife and daughter to Orenburg, but the wife does not want to leave her husband, and the daughter does not have time to leave.

Chapter 7

Pugachev was already at the walls of the fortress, along with him several Cossacks who joined the rebels. Pugachev offers to surrender without a fight, but having received a refusal from Mironov, he took the fortress by storm. By order of the ataman, Ignatyich and Mironov, as well as Grinev, who refused to swear allegiance, they decide to hang him, but thanks to Savelich, Grinev was pardoned. Pugachev also kills Mironov's wife.

Chapter 8

Grinev, on the other hand, worries about Masha, who did not manage to leave the fortress and now, having changed her clothes, is in the priest's house. If they find her, then she will not live either. Meanwhile, Pugachev calls Peter to him and a conversation takes place between them. Pugachev grants freedom to Grinev.

Chapter 9

Pugachev sends Peter with news to Orenburg, where he must report on Pugachev's offensive. Grinev and his servant set off, leaving the walls of Belgorod. At this time, Pugachev went on further exploits, and Shvabrina appointed commandant in the fortress. Masha is ill and is in a delusional state.

Chapter 10

In Orenburg, Peter talks about what happened in Belgorod and talks about advancing on Belgorod, but all the military are against, they voted at the council for the defense of the city. The following describes the siege of the city, the famine of the inhabitants. Peter receives news from Masha that she is being held captive and that Shvabrin will soon marry her. Peter asks for an army to save the girl, but he is denied, then he decides to go on his own.

Chapter 11

Peter goes to Belgorod, but Pugachev's people come across. He was interrogated, where he told about all his intentions. Pugachev and Peter go to Belgorod. On the way, Peter learns from Pugachev that he wants to go to Moscow. Grinev asks Pugachev to surrender, but he is sure that it is too late and let what should have happened.

Chapter 12

Shvabrin keeps the girl on water and bread, but when Pugachev arrived, he ordered the girl to be released. Shvabrin resorted to a last attempt, saying that this was the daughter of the former commandant, but this argument did not work either. As Pugachev said, to have mercy means to have mercy and released Peter and Masha.

Chapter 13

Peter decides to go home with Masha, but on the way he meets an army that has come to the rescue, which must stop the mutiny of the rebels. In the boss, Peter recognizes Zurin, to whom he once lost a hundred rubles. Zurin offered to stay and Peter agrees. She herself sends Masha and Savelyevich to her parents. Finally, Pugachev was caught, the riot was suppressed. Peter was looking forward to meeting with Masha, but then soldiers arrive and he is arrested, sending the Pugachev case to court.

Chapter 14

Grinev was captured, as he was slandered by Shvabrin, calling him an agent of Pugachev. Peter was found guilty and had to be executed, but the empress pardoned, exiling Grinev to Siberia. Having heard about all this, Maria decides to go to Catherine II and tell her everything. On the way, she met a woman to whom she told her story. As it turned out, this was the empress. On the second day, Masha is summoned to an audience, where she learns that her beloved has been pardoned.

Pugachev was executed, and Masha and Peter got married, continuing the Grinev family.

Pushkin Captain's daughter main characters

Having got acquainted with the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, one can single out the main characters. This is Pugachev, the chieftain, who raised the mutiny. Peter Grinev, his beloved Masha Mironova. The minor heroes are Shvabrin, the commandant of the fortress Mironov, Grinev's servant Savelich and Zurin.

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The novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", conceived in 1833, is based on materials about the Pugachev rebellion. And this is quite justified, because the author was then working on a historical essay "The History of Pugachev." Collect unique material Alexander Sergeyevich succeeded in these events thanks to a trip to the Urals, where he had the opportunity to communicate with the living Pugachevites and record their stories.

As at that time, almost two hundred years ago, and now this work will be of interest to the reader.

The main characters of the novel:

Petr Andreevich Grinev

Petr Andreevich Grinev- a sixteen-year-old boy, the son of Prime-Major Grinev, retired, whom his father sent to military service in the Orenburg Fortress. As fate willed, he ended up in the Belgorod fortress, where he fell in love with the daughter of Captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, Maria Ivanovna. Pyotr Andreevich is a decent man, who does not tolerate meanness and betrayal, selfless, striving at all costs to protect his bride at a time when she falls into the hands of the traitor Shvabrin, an evil and terrible man. To do this, he risks his life and contacts the rebel Emelyan Pugachev, although he does not even allow the thought of betrayal and that, like Shvabrin, go over to the side of the enemy and swear allegiance to the impostor. Distinctive feature Grineva - the ability to be grateful for the good. At the moment of obvious danger from Pugachev, he shows wisdom and attracts the robber to himself.

Emelyan Pugachev

Emelyan Pugachev - the controversial image of the ataman of a gang of robbers who rebelled against the nobles, will not leave indifferent any of the readers. It is known from history that this is a real person, the Don Cossack, the leader of the peasant war, the most famous of the impostors who pretended to be Peter III. During the first meeting of Grinev with Pugachev, he sees that the appearance of the rebel is not remarkable: a forty-year-old man, broad-shouldered, thin, with shifting eyes, and a pleasant, albeit roguish expression on his face.

Cruel and stern, without mercy, cracking down on generals and those who do not want to swear allegiance to him, Pugachev, however, during the third meeting with Grinev, reveals himself as a person who wants to give mercy to whoever he wants (of course, it is clear that he played with the sovereign ). Emelyan is even dependent on the opinion of his entourage, although, contrary to the advice of those close to him, he does not want to execute Peter and acts according to his own considerations. He understands that his game is dangerous, but it is too late to repent. After the rebel was caught, he was subjected to the well-deserved death penalty.

Maria Ivanovna Mironova

Maria Ivanovna Mironova is the daughter of the captain of the Belogorodskaya fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, a kind, pretty, meek and modest girl, capable of ardent love. Her image is the personification of high morality and purity. Thanks to the dedication of Masha, who wished at all costs to save her beloved from lifelong shame due to imaginary betrayal, her beloved Peter returned home completely justified. And this is not surprising, because a kind girl sincerely told Catherine II the real truth.

Alexey Shvabrin

Alexey Shvabrin is the complete opposite of Pyotr Grinev in actions and character. A crafty, mocking and evil person who knows how to adapt to circumstances, he achieves his goal by deception and slander. A stab in the back during a duel with Grinev, going over to the side of the rebel Pugachev after the seizure of the Belogorodskaya fortress, mockery of the poor orphan Masha, who would never want to become his wife, reveal the true face of Shvabrin - a very low and mean man.

Minor heroes

Andrey Petrovich Grinev- Peter's father. Strict with his son. Not wanting to look for easy ways for him, at the age of sixteen he sends the young man to serve in the army, and he, by the will of fate, ends up in the Belogorodskaya fortress.

Ivan Kuzmich Mironov- the captain of the Belogorodskaya fortress, where the events of the story of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" unfold. Kind, honest and loyal, devoted to the Fatherland, who wished better to die than to break the oath.

Vasilisa Egorovna- the wife of Captain Mironov, kind and economic, who was always aware of all the events in the fortress. She was killed by the saber of a young Cossack on the threshold of her house.

Savelich- the serf Grinevs, assigned to Petrusha from childhood, a devoted servant, an honest and decent person, always ready to help and protect the young man in everything. Thanks to Savelich, who stood up for the young master in time, Pugachev did not execute Peter.

Ivan Ivanovich Zuev- the captain who beat Petrusha in Simbirsk and demanded a debt of one hundred rubles. Having met Pyotr Andreyevich for the second time, he persuaded the officer to serve in his detachment.

Stick- the serf of the Mironovs. The girl is lively and courageous. Fearlessly seeks to help his mistress, Maria Ivanovna.

Chapter first. Sergeant of the Guard

In the first chapter, Pyotr Grinev talks about his childhood. His father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, was a prime-major, and since he retired, he settled in a Siberian village and married Avdotya Vasilievna Yu, the daughter of a poor nobleman, who gave birth to nine children. Many of them did not survive, and Peter himself, from the womb of his mother, was “enrolled in the Semyonovsky regiment as a sergeant, by the grace of the Major of the Guards, Prince B ...”.

Grinev's childhood was initially unremarkable: until the age of twelve, Petya was under the supervision of Savelich, having learned Russian literacy; then his father hired the French hairdresser Beaupré for the boy, but the lessons with him did not last long. For drunkenness and indecent behavior, the father expelled the Frenchman, and the child has since been partially left to himself. However, from the age of sixteen, the fate of Pyotr Grinev changed abruptly.

“It's time for him to serve,” my father once said. And then, having written a letter to Andrei Karlovich R., his old friend, and having gathered his son, he sent him to Orenburg (instead of Petersburg, where the young man was supposed to serve in the guard). Petya did not like such a sharp change in circumstances, but there was nothing to do: she had to accept. The servant Savelich was ordered to look after him. On the way, stopping at a tavern where there was a billiard room, Peter met Ivan Ivanovich Zurin, the captain of the hussar regiment. At first, it would seem, their friendship began to grow stronger, but due to inexperience, the young man succumbed to the persuasion of a new acquaintance and lost him a whole hundred rubles, and besides, he also drank a lot of punch, which greatly upset the servant. The money had to be paid, much to Savelich's displeasure.

Chapter two. Counselor

Peter felt guilty and looked for an opportunity to make peace with Savelich. After talking with the servant and relieving his soul, the young man promised to continue to behave smarter, but still it was a pity for the money thrown into the wind.

A storm was approaching, as a small cloud foreshadowed. The driver offered to go back to avoid the harsh weather, but Peter did not agree and ordered to go as soon as possible. The consequence of such recklessness on the part of the young man was that they were overtaken by a blizzard. Suddenly in the distance the travelers saw a man, and, having caught up with him, asked how to get to the road. Sitting in the wagon, the roadman began to assure that the village was not far away, because there was a breath of smoke. Having heeded the advice of the stranger, the coachman, Savelich and Peter drove wherever he spoke. Grinev dozed off and suddenly saw unusual dream, which was later considered prophetic.

Peter dreamed that he returned to his estate, and the sad mother reported about his father's serious illness. She took her son to the patient's bed so that dad would bless him before his death, but instead of him the young man saw a man with a black beard. “This is your planted father; kiss his hand, and may he bless you ... "- insisted my mother, but since Peter would never agree to agree, the black-bearded man suddenly jumped up and began swinging the ax to the right and to the left.

Many people died, dead bodies were scattered everywhere, and the terrible man kept calling the young man to come under his blessing. Pyotr was very frightened, but suddenly he heard Savelich's voice: "We have arrived!" They found themselves in an inn, and entered a clean, bright room. While the owner was busy about tea, the future soldier asked where their leader was. “Here,” a voice from the floor suddenly replied. But when the owner started an allegorical conversation with him (as it turned out, with jokes informing about the affairs of the Yaitsk army), Peter listened to him with interest. Finally, everyone was overwhelmed by sleep.

The next morning the storm died down, and the travelers began to gather for the journey again. The young man wished to thank the counselor by presenting him with a hare sheepskin coat, but Savelich objected. However, Peter showed perseverance, and the tramp soon became the happy owner of a solid, warm thing from the master's shoulder.

Arriving in Orenburg, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev appeared before the general, who knew his father well and therefore treated the young man favorably. Deciding that there was nothing to do in Orenburg, he decided to transfer him as an officer to the *** regiment, and send him to the Belogorodskaya fortress, to Captain Mironov, an honest and kind person... This upset the young soldier, because he went to study discipline in an even greater wilderness.

We bring to your attention where strong and outstanding personalities are described, within each of which a conflict is brewing, which inevitably leads to tragic consequences.

Chapter three. Fortress

The Belogorsk fortress, located forty versts from Orenburg, contrary to Peter's expectations, was an ordinary village. The commandant's office turned out to be wooden house... The young man entered the vestibule, then into the house, and saw an old woman in a kerchief sitting at the window, She called herself the mistress. Having learned the reason why Peter came to them, his grandmother consoled him: "And you, father, do not be sad that you were taken to our backwoods ... If you endure it, you will fall in love ..."

This is how it began for a sixteen year old boy new life... The next morning he met Shvabrin, a young man who had been exiled to the Belogorsk fortress for a duel. He turned out to be witty and far from stupid.

When Vasilisa Yegorovna invited Pyotr Andreevich to dinner, the new friend followed him. During the meal, conversation flowed peacefully, the hostess asked many questions. We touched on different topics. It turned out that Masha, the captain's daughter, is very timid, unlike her brave mother. About her, Grinev had conflicting feelings, because at first Shvabrin described the girl as stupid.

Chapter four. Duel

The days passed, and the new life in the Belogorodskaya fortress seemed to Peter to some extent even pleasant. Every time he dined with the commandant, he got to know Maria Ivanovna better, but he stopped accepting Shvabrin's sharp remarks about this or that person with the same gaiety.

Once Pyotr Andreevich shared with his friend his new poem about Masha (in the fortress he sometimes did creative work), but suddenly he heard a lot of criticism. Shvabrin literally ridiculed every line written by Grinev, and it is not surprising that a serious quarrel arose between them, threatening to develop into a duel. The desire for a duel nevertheless became firmly established in the hearts of the former comrades, but, fortunately, Ivan Ignatievich, who arrived in time to the place of the appointed duel, prevented the implementation of the dangerous plan.

However, the first attempt was followed by another, especially since Grinev already knew the reason why Shvabrin treats Masha so badly: it turns out that he married her last year, but the girl refused. Fueled by a feeling of extreme dislike for Alexei Ivanovich, Peter agreed to a duel. This time everything ended worse: Grinev was wounded in the back.

We bring to your attention the poem by A.S. Pushkin, where the story of the fate of an ordinary resident of St. Petersburg, who suffered during the flood, Eugene, and historical and philosophical reflections on the state are combined ...

Chapter five. Love

The young man lay unconscious for five days, and when he woke up, he saw the alarmed Savelich and Maria Ivanovna in front of him. Suddenly Grinev was so overwhelmed by love for the girl that he felt extraordinary joy, all the more convinced that Masha had reciprocal feelings. Young people dreamed of tying their fates, but Peter was afraid not to receive his father's blessing, although he tried to write him a convincing letter.

Youth took its toll, and Peter began to quickly recover. A positive role was also played by the joyful mood that the hero of the novel experienced every day now. Not being vindictive by nature, he made up with Shvabrin.

But suddenly happiness was overshadowed by the news from his father, who not only did not give his consent to the marriage, but scolded his son for unreasonable behavior and threatened to petition to be transferred away from the Belogorodskaya fortress.

In addition, the mother, having learned about the injury of her only son, went to bed, which further upset Peter. But who reported him? How did your father know about the duel with Shvabrin? These thoughts haunted Grinev, and he began to blame Savelich for everything, but in his defense he showed a letter in which Peter's father poured rude expressions at him for hiding the truth.

Maria Ivanovna, having learned about her father's categorical unwillingness to bless them, resigned herself to fate, but began to avoid Grinev. And he finally lost heart: he stopped going to the commandant, sat in the house, even lost the desire to read and all kinds of conversations. But then new events took place that influenced the whole future life of Pyotr Andreevich.

Chapter six. Pugachevshchina

In this chapter, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev describes the situation in the Orenburg province at the end of 1773. During that turbulent time, riots broke out in different places, and the government took strict measures to suppress riots from the wild peoples inhabiting the province. Trouble came to the Belogorodskaya fortress. On that day, all the officers were urgently summoned to the commandant, who told them important news about the threat of an attack on the fortress by the rebel Yemelyan Pugachev and his gang. Ivan Kuzmich sent his wife and daughter to visit the priest in advance, and during a secret conversation he locked the servant Palashka in the closet. When Vasilisa Yegorovna returned, at first she could not find out from her husband what actually happened. However, when she saw how Ivan Ignatievich was preparing a cannon for battle, she guessed that someone might attack the fortress and cunningly squeezed out information about Pugachev from him.

Then the harbingers of trouble began to appear: a Bashkir, captured with outrageous letters, whom at first they wanted to whip in order to obtain information, but, as it turned out later, not only his ears and nose, but also his tongue were cut off from him; an alarming message from Vasilisa Yegorovna that the Lower Lake Fortress was taken, the commandant and all the officers were suspended, and the soldiers were held captive.

Peter was very worried about Maria Ivanovna and her mother, who were in danger, and therefore offered to hide them for a while in the Orenburg fortress, but Vasilisa Yegorovna was categorically against leaving home. Masha, whose heart was languishing from a sudden parting with her beloved, was hastily collected on the road. The girl, sobbing, said goodbye to Peter.

Chapter seven. Attack

Unfortunately, the alarming predictions came true - and now Pugachev with his gang proceeded to the fortress. All roads to Orenburg were cut off, so Masha did not have time to evacuate. Ivan Kuzmich, anticipating a quick death, blessed his daughter and said goodbye to his wife. Fierce rebels rushed into the fortress and captured the officers and the commandant. Ivan Kuzmich, as well as Lieutenant Ivan Ignatievich, who did not want to swear allegiance to Pugachev, posing as a sovereign, were hanged on the gallows, but Grinev escaped death thanks to the kind and loyal Savelich. The old man begged the "priest" for mercy, offering to hang him better, but let the lord's child go. Peter was released. Ordinary soldiers swore allegiance to Pugachev. Vasilisa Yegorovna, who was dragged naked from the commandant's house, began to shout for her husband, cursing the fugitive convict - and died from the saber of a young Cossack.

Chapter Eight. Uninvited guest

Alarmed by the unknown about the fate of Masha, Pyotr Andreevich entered the destroyed house of the commandant, but saw only a frightened Broadsword, who reported that Maria Ivanovna was hidden with the priest, Akulina Pamfilovna.

This news worried Grinev even more, because Pugachev was there. He rushed headlong to the priest's house and, entering the entrance, saw the Pugachevites feasting on. Quietly asking Palasha to summon Akulina Pamfilovna, he asked the priest about Masha's condition.

Lies, my dear, on my bed ... - she answered and said that Pugachev, when he heard Masha's moan, began to wonder who was behind the partition. Akulina Pamfilovna had to come up with a story on the go about her niece, who has been sick for the second week. Pugachev wished to look at her, no persuasion helped. But, fortunately, everything worked out. Even Shvabrin, who had gone over to the side of the rebels and was now feasting with Pugachev, did not betray Maria.

A little reassured, Grinev came home, and there Savelich surprised him by informing that Pugachev was none other than a tramp they met on the way to Orenburg, to whom Pyotr Andreevich presented a hare sheepskin coat.

Suddenly one of the Cossacks ran up and said that the chieftain was demanding Grinev to come to him. I had to obey, and Peter went to the commandant's house where Pugachev was. A conversation with an impostor aroused conflicting feelings in the young man's soul: on the one hand, he understood that he would never swear allegiance to the newly-minted chieftain, on the other, he could not risk death, calling himself a deceiver. Meanwhile, Emelyan was waiting for an answer. "Listen; I'll tell you the whole truth, ”the young officer spoke up. - Judge, can I recognize the sovereign in you? You are a clever man: you yourself would see that I am cunning. "

Who am I, in your mind?
- God knows you; but whoever you are, you are joking a dangerous joke ... "

In the end, Pugachev yielded to Peter's request and agreed to let him go.

Chapter nine. Parting

Pugachev generously released Grinev to Orenburg, ordering him to report that he would be there in a week, and appointed Shvabrin as the new commander. Suddenly Savelich handed the chieftain a sheet of paper and asked him to read what was written there. It turns out that it was about the property of the commandant's house plundered by the Cossacks and about compensation for damage, which angered Pugachev. However, this time he also pardoned Savelich. And Grinev, before leaving, decided to visit Maria again and, entering the priest's house, saw that the girl was unconscious, suffering from severe fever. Alarming thoughts haunted Peter: how to leave a defenseless orphan in the midst of evil rebels. It was especially depressing that Shvabrin became the new commander of the impostors, who could harm Masha. With a pain in his heart, tormented by strong emotions, the young man said goodbye to the one whom in his heart he already considered his wife.

On the way to Orenburg, a traitor-sergeant overtook them with Savelich, saying that "my father favors a horse and a fur coat from his shoulder," and even half a dollar (which he lost on the way). And although the sheepskin sheepskin coat was not worth half the looted by the villains, Peter nevertheless accepted such a gift.

Chapter ten. City siege

So, Grinev and Savelich arrived in Orenburg. The sergeant, learning that the newcomers were from the Belogorodskaya fortress, took them to the general's house, who turned out to be a good-natured old man. From a conversation with Peter, he learned about the terrible death of Captain Mironov, about the death of Vasilisa Yegorovna and that Masha remained with the priest.

A few hours later, a military council began, which was attended by Grinev. When they began to discuss how to act against criminals - defensively or offensively, only Peter alone expressed a firm opinion that it was necessary to resolutely resist the villains. The rest leaned towards a defensive position.

The siege of the city began, as a result of which hunger and misfortune raged. Grinev was worried about the fate of his girlfriend. And once again, having left for the enemy's camp, Peter unexpectedly ran into the police officer Maksimych, who handed him a letter from Maria Ivanovna. The news, where the poor orphan asked to protect her from Shvabrin, who forcibly forces her to marry him, pissed off Peter. He rushed headlong into the general's house, asking for soldiers to quickly clear the Belogorodskaya fortress, but not finding support, he decided to act on his own.

Chapter eleven. Rebellious settlement

Peter and Savelich rush to the Belogorodskaya fortress, but on the way they are surrounded by rebels and lead to their chieftain. Pugachev is again supportive of Grinev. Having listened to the request of Peter Andreevich to free Masha from the hands of Shvabrin, he decides to go to the fortress. On the way, they have a conversation. Grinev persuades Pugachev to surrender to the mercy of the empress, but he objects: it is too late to repent ...

Chapter twelve. Orphan

Contrary to Shvabrin's assurances that Maria Ivanovna was ill, Pugachev ordered him to be taken to her in the parlor. The girl was in a terrible state: she was sitting on the floor, in a torn dress, with disheveled hair, pale and thin. Nearby stood a jug of water and a loaf of bread. Emelyan began to be indignant at Shvabrin for deceiving him by calling Masha his wife, and then the traitor betrayed the secret: the girl was not the priest's niece, but the daughter of the deceased Mironov. This angered Pugachev, but not for long. Grinev managed to justify himself here, because, having learned the truth, the impostor's people would have killed a defenseless orphan. In the end, to Peter's great joy, Emelyan allowed him to take the bride. We decided to go to the village to see our parents, because it was impossible either to stay here or to go to Orenburg.

Chapter thirteen. Arrest

In anticipation of long happiness, Pyotr Andreevich set off with his beloved on the road. Suddenly, with terrible abuse, a crowd of hussars surrounded them, confusing them with Pugachev's traitors. The travelers were arrested. Having learned about the impending danger of the prison, where the major ordered him to be put, and the girl to be brought to him personally, Grinev rushed onto the porch of the hut and boldly entered the room, where, to his surprise, he saw Ivan Ivanovich Zuev. When the situation cleared up, and everyone realized that Maria was not Pugachev's gossip at all, but the daughter of the late Mironov, Zuev went out and apologized to her.

After some persuasion on the part of Ivan Ivanovich, Grinev decided to stay in his detachment, and send Maria with Savelich to his parents, in the village, having handed over a cover letter.

So Pyotr Andreevich began to serve in Zuev's detachment. The centers of the uprising, flaring up in places, were soon suppressed, but Pugachev was not immediately caught. More time passed before the impostor was neutralized. The war ended, but, alas, Grinev's dreams of seeing his family did not come true. Suddenly, like a bolt from the blue, a secret order to arrest him came.

Chapter fourteen. Court

Although Grinev, who, according to Shvabrin's denunciation, was considered a traitor, could easily justify himself before the commission, he did not want to involve Maria Ivanovna in this situation, and therefore kept silent about the real reason for the sudden departure from the Orenburg fortress and meeting with Pugachev.

Mary, meanwhile, was warmly received by Peter's parents and sincerely explained why their son was arrested, refuting any idea of ​​treason. However, a few weeks later, the priest received a letter stating that Pyotr Grinev had been sentenced to exile and would be sent to an eternal settlement. This news came as a big blow to the family. And then Maria decided to go to St. Petersburg and personally explain the situation, having met with the Empress, Catherine II. Fortunately, the girl's plan was a success, and providence contributed to this. On an autumn morning, already in Petersburg, she got into a conversation with a lady of about forty and told her about the reason for her arrival, not even suspecting that the Empress herself was in front of her. Sincere words in defense of the one who risked his life for the sake of his beloved touched the empress, and she, convinced of Grinev's innocence, gave the order to release him. The happy lovers soon reunited their destinies. Pugachev was overtaken by a well-deserved execution. Standing on the block, he nodded his head to Pyotr Grinev. A minute later, she flew off his shoulders.

"The Captain's Daughter" - a novel by Alexander Pushkin

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