Today at reader's diary made a note about the Captain's daughter Pushkin. I recently met Pushkin's book The Captain's Daughter and I advise you, because the work of Alexander Pushkin Captain's daughter fascinates so much that you forget about time, but those who do not like complete works can get acquainted with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter by reading. Namely, with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter in a short retelling, we propose to get acquainted below.

Pushkin Captain's daughter summary

To make it simple and easy to get acquainted with the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, in order to find out the plot and, if necessary, write an essay based on the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, you must first of all read the work of the author. But since many schoolchildren are lazy or simply have little time to read the works in full, we propose to get acquainted with Pushkin and his Captain's daughter in a summary of the chapters, and the work begins with an acquaintance with the main character Pyotr Grinev, on whose behalf the retelling is conducted. ... Peter himself was born into a large family, but for some reason all the children in the family died, only he survived. The boy was brought up by a servant, but over time it seemed to his parents that their son was not educated enough and they decided to send a Frenchman from Moscow to teach the boy the language. Just an ordinary hairdresser arrived, and even a seducer, who leads an immoral lifestyle, for which he was expelled from the Grinev family.

Chapter 1

Even in childhood, the boys were enrolled in the regiment, which did Peter's father, having enrolled his son in the St. Petersburg regiment, however, when the time came, Peter's father changed his mind about giving to the capital, even better to the Orenburg province, where his son would not hang himself. Grinev also sends a servant with his son. On the way to the Orenburg province, Pyotr and his servant enter a tavern, where Pyotr plays a game of billiards to Zurin, who immediately demands to repay the debt. The servant, who had all the money, refuses to pay. But Peter insisted on his own, considering it his duty of honor to pay the debt.

Chapter 2

Having repaid the debt, Peter promises to the servant Savelich not to get involved in such matters anymore, but the music did not last long. This time, due to the frivolity of Peter Grinev, the driver, Savely and he fall into a blizzard. A passer-by helps them to get out of the snow-covered steppe. All together they get to the hut, where Peter wants to thank. However, the servant does not give money, especially since only recently he lost a large amount. Peter gives his sheepskin coat.

Chapter 3

Grinev arrived at his destination and, having attended an audience with the general, was sent to serve in the garrison that was in the distance. Here our hero gets to know the town, which looked more like a settlement. The Belgorod fortress was located forty versts from Orenburg. Peter gets acquainted with the life of the residents, who were engaged in handicrafts, and fishing, and hunting, and agriculture. Training took place on the parade ground. Peter, examining the area, is not happy with his place, the only joy is that the commandant has a good-natured family, however, the foundations are completely different from those that were in the Grinevs' house. His mother was quiet and all she did was cry when she saw the injustice on the part of Father Peter. Here, in the Mironov family, a woman ruled, to whom all household members obeyed.

Peter settled in the apartment of the Cossack Kuzov, who simply had to take a lodger with him, because he needed to compensate for the damage that Mironov had caused him.
And then the monotonous days in the fortress dragged on. Here Peter meets Shvabrin, who constantly spoke unflatteringly about the captain's daughter Masha, but soon Peter understood why Shvabrin did this, because he simply wanted to slander Masha in the eyes of Grinev because he himself had laid eyes on the Mironovs' daughter. Shvabrin constantly slandered the girl, but when Peter met Masha, he realized that all Shvabrin's conversations were deceitful. The girl was sweet, gentle, honest, true, without a dowry, but, as her parents said, what if someone would marry her. Peter, all the time, was worried about only one question, why Shvabrin ended all his conversations with unflattering comments about the Mironov family, in particular about Masha.

Chapter 4

Grinev is getting closer to the Mironov family, at the same time moving away from Shvabrin. Peter is fond of Masha and begins to write poetry to her, however, after reading the poem, Shvabrin advises not to send poetry, but to give something material. So, Masha will spend nights with him for earrings. The conversation develops into a quarrel and the friends set up a duel. Upon learning of the duel, Vasilisa Yegorovna scolded the guys who pretended to make up, but themselves appointed a duel for the next day. Masha talks about Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking to her, and then everything fell into place. However, there was a duel. Peter would have been the winner, because he was a good swordsman, but was distracted by the approaching Savelich and was wounded in the shoulder.

Chapter 5

For five days Peter was unconscious, and when he woke up, he saw Masha in front of him. Peter understands that he fell in love with a girl, she reciprocated. He writes home, where he announces his decision to marry the captain's daughter.

However, Grinev receives an angry letter from his father, because somehow he found out about the duel. He is against the wedding. Peter came to the conclusion that Savelich had informed about the duel, but an angry letter was also sent to him and it becomes clear to everyone that only Shvabrin could report the duel. Despite his father's refusal of the blessing, Peter still intends to marry Masha, but she does not want a secret wedding. Masha moves away from Peter, and he, in turn, realizes that life is not sweet to him without a girl.

Chapter 6

In the fortress of Belgorod, anxiety begins, because we are talking about rioters who are planning to attack the fortress and the general orders Mironov to prepare for defense. A certain Emelyan Pugachev, who was called Peter the Third, terrifies the surroundings. Rumor has it that he has already captured several fortresses and is already on his way to Belgorod. Since, in principle, there is no one to defend the fortress, Mironov wants to send his wife and daughter to Orenburg, but the wife does not want to leave her husband, and the daughter does not have time to leave.

Chapter 7

Pugachev was already at the walls of the fortress, along with several Cossacks who joined the rebels. Pugachev offers to surrender without a fight, but having received a refusal from Mironov, he took the fortress by storm. By order of the ataman, Ignatyich and Mironov, as well as Grinev, who refused to swear allegiance, they decide to hang him, but thanks to Savelich, Grinev was pardoned. Pugachev also kills Mironov's wife.

Chapter 8

Grinev, however, worries about Masha, who did not manage to leave the fortress and now, having changed her clothes, is in the priest's house. If they find her, then she will not live either. Meanwhile, Pugachev calls Peter to him and a conversation takes place between them. Pugachev grants freedom to Grinev.

Chapter 9

Pugachev sends Peter with news to Orenburg, where he must report on Pugachev's offensive. Grinev and his servant set off, leaving the walls of Belgorod. At this time, Pugachev went on further exploits, and Shvabrina appointed commandant in the fortress. Masha is ill and is in a delusional state.

Chapter 10

In Orenburg, Peter talks about what happened in Belgorod and talks about advancing on Belgorod, but all the military are against, they voted at the council for the defense of the city. The following describes the siege of the city, the famine of the inhabitants. Peter receives news from Masha that she is being held captive and that Shvabrin will soon marry her. Peter asks for an army to save the girl, but he is denied, then he decides to go on his own.

Chapter 11

Peter goes to Belgorod, but Pugachev's people come across. He was interrogated, where he told about all his intentions. Pugachev and Peter go to Belgorod. On the way, Peter learns from Pugachev that he wants to go to Moscow. Grinev asks Pugachev to surrender, but he is sure that it is too late and let what should have happened.

Chapter 12

Shvabrin keeps the girl on water and bread, but when Pugachev arrived, he ordered the girl to be released. Shvabrin resorted to a last attempt, saying that this was the daughter of the former commandant, but this argument did not work either. As Pugachev said, to have mercy means to have mercy and released Peter and Masha.

Chapter 13

Peter decides to go home with Masha, but on the way he meets an army that has come to the rescue, which must stop the mutiny of the rebels. In the boss, Peter recognizes Zurin, to whom he once lost a hundred rubles. Zurin offered to stay and Peter agrees. She herself sends Masha and Savelyevich to her parents. Finally, Pugachev was caught, the riot was suppressed. Peter was looking forward to meeting with Masha, but then soldiers arrive and he is arrested, sending the case of Pugachev to court.

Chapter 14

Grinev was captured, as he was slandered by Shvabrin, calling him an agent of Pugachev. Peter was found guilty and should have been executed, but the empress pardoned, exiling Grinev to Siberia. Having heard about all this, Maria decides to go to Catherine II and tell her everything. On the way she met a woman to whom she told her story. As it turned out, this was the empress. On the second day, Masha is summoned to an audience, where she learns that her beloved has been pardoned.

Pugachev was executed, and Masha and Peter got married, continuing the Grinev family.

Pushkin Captain's daughter main characters

Having got acquainted with the work of Pushkin, the Captain's daughter, we can single out the main characters. This is Pugachev, the chieftain, who raised the mutiny. Peter Grinev, his beloved Masha Mironova. The minor heroes are Shvabrin, the commandant of the fortress Mironov, Grinev's servant Savelich and Zurin.

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The story "The Captain's Daughter", the retelling of which is proposed in this article, was written by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in 1836. It tells the story of the Pugachev uprising. The author, creating the work, was based on the events that actually happened in 1773-1775, when the Yaik Cossacks, under the leadership of Peter Fedorovich Emelyan Pugachev, posing as Tsar, began taking villains, thieves and fugitive convicts as servants. Maria Mironova and Pyotr Grinev - however, the sad time of the civil war was truly reflected in their fates.

Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard

The story "The Captain's Daughter", the retelling of which you are reading, begins with the story of Pyotr Grinev about his life. He was the only child who managed to survive from 9 children of a poor noblewoman and a retired major, lived in a noble family with an average income. The old servant was actually the teacher of the young master. Peter received a poor education, as his father hired a Frenchman - the hairdresser Beaupre - as a tutor. This man led an immoral, dissolute lifestyle. For lecherous acts and drunkenness, he was eventually expelled from the estate. And Petrusha, a 17-year-old boy, his father decided to send to serve in Orenburg on old connections. He sent him there instead of Petersburg, where they were supposed to take the young man into the guard. To look after his son, he attached Savelich, an old servant, to him. Petrusha was very upset, because instead of the capital's festivities, a bleak existence awaited him in this wilderness. Alexander Sergeevich writes about these events in the story "The Captain's Daughter" (Chapter 1).

The retelling of the work continues. During one of the stops on the way, a young master meets Zurin, a rake-captain, because of whom he became addicted to playing billiards under the pretext of training. Soon Zurin invites the hero to play for money, and in the end Peter loses 100 rubles - a significant amount at that time. Savelich, who was entrusted with keeping the "treasury" of the master, protests that Pyotr Grinev should pay the debt, but the master insists on this. Savelich had to submit and give the money.

Chapter 2. Counselor

We continue to describe the events of the story "The Captain's Daughter". The retelling of the second chapter is as follows. Peter, in the end, begins to be ashamed of this loss and promises to the servant not to play for money anymore. A long journey awaits them, and Savelich forgives his master. But again, because of Peter's indiscretion, they are in trouble. Despite the impending storm, Grinev ordered the driver to continue on their way, and they got lost and nearly froze to death. However, luck was on the side of the heroes - they suddenly met a stranger. He helped the travelers get to

We continue our retelling of Chapter 2 of "The Captain's Daughter". Grinev recalls that he, tired after this unsuccessful trip, had a dream in the wagon, which he called prophetic: he saw his mother, who announced that Peter's father was dying, and his house. After that, Grinev saw in his father's bed a man with a beard, whom he did not know. The mother told the hero that this man is her named husband. Peter refuses to accept the "father's" blessing of the stranger, and then he grabs the ax, corpses appear everywhere. Grinev, however, he does not touch.

Now they are already driving up to the inn, which resembles a thieves' haven. A stranger frozen in one of his clothes asks for wine from Petrusha, and he treats him to it. An incomprehensible conversation in thieves' language begins between the owner of the house and the man. Peter does not understand its meaning, but what he hears seems very strange to the hero. Grinev, leaving the shelter, thanked, again to the displeasure of Savelich, his guide, giving him a hare sheepskin coat. The stranger bowed in response, saying that he would not forget this mercy forever.

When, finally, the hero gets to Orenburg, one of his father's colleagues, having read a letter with a request to keep the young man, sends him to serve in the Belogorsk fortress - an even more remote place. This upsets Peter, who has long dreamed of a guard uniform.

Chapter 3. Fortress

Chapter 3 of the story "The Captain's Daughter", the retelling of which is offered to your attention, begins with the following events. We meet the commandant of the fortress. Ivan Kuzmich Mironov was its owner, but in fact everything was ruled by the boss's wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna. These sincere and simple people Peter immediately liked him. The middle-aged couple already had a young daughter Masha, but so far her acquaintance with the main character has not taken place. In the fortress, which turned out to be an ordinary village, the young man meets a lieutenant named Aleksey Ivanovich Shvabrin. He was sent here from the guard for participating in a duel that ended in the death of his opponent. This hero often sarcastically about Masha, the captain's daughter, portraying her as a fool, and generally had a habit of speaking unflattering about people. After Grinev himself met the girl, he expressed doubts about the lieutenant's remarks. Let's continue our retelling. "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 4, in summary is offered to your attention further.

Chapter 4. Duel

Grinev, benevolent and kind by nature, began to communicate more and more closely with the commandant's family, and gradually moved away from Shvabrin. Masha did not have a dowry, but she turned out to be a lovely girl. Peter did not like Shvabrin's sharp remarks. In the evenings, inspired by the thoughts of this girl, he began to write poems to her and read them to Alexei Ivanovich. But he only ridiculed him, starting to humiliate the girl's dignity even more, saying that she would come at night to anyone who would give her earrings.

In the end, the friends had a big fight, and a duel was to take place. Vasilisa Yegorovna found out about the duel, but the heroes pretended that they made up, and they themselves decided to postpone the fight for the next day. In the morning, as soon as they drew their swords, 5 invalids and Ivan Ignatyevich brought them to Vasilisa Yegorovna under escort. After scolding the duelists, she let them go. Alarmed by the news of this duel, Masha told Pyotr Grinev in the evening about Alexei Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking to her. Then Grinev understood the motives of this person's behavior. The duel did take place. Peter turned out to be a serious opponent for Alexei Ivanovich. However, Savelich suddenly appeared in a duel, and, hesitating, Peter was wounded.

Chapter 5. Love

The retelling of the story "The Captain's Daughter" continues, we have already reached Chapter 5. Masha was leaving the wounded Peter. The duel brought them closer together, and they fell in love. Grinev, wanting to marry a girl, writes a letter to his parents, but does not receive a blessing. The father's refusal does not change the hero's intentions, but Masha does not agree to marry in secret. Lovers move away from each other for a while.

Chapter 6. Pugachevshchina

We bring to your attention a retelling of Chapter 6 ("The Captain's Daughter"). The excitement begins in the fortress. Mironov receives orders to prepare for an attack by robbers and rioters. Who calls himself Peter III escaped from custody and now terrifies local population... He is approaching Belogorsk. There are not enough people to defend the fortress. Mironov sends his wife and daughter to Orenburg, where it is safer. The wife decides not to leave her husband, and Masha says goodbye to Grinev, but she can no longer leave.

Chapter 7. Massacre

Pugachev offers to surrender, but the commandant does not agree to this and opens fire. The battle ends with the transfer of the fortress into the hands of Pugachev.

Emelyan decides to inflict reprisals on those who refused to obey him. He will execute Mironov and Ivan Ignatich. Grinev decides to die, but not to swear allegiance to this person. But the servant Savelich rushes to the ataman's feet, and he decides to have mercy on Peter. The Cossacks drag Vasilisa Yegorovna out of the house and kill her.

Chapter 8. Uninvited guest

This is not the end of the retelling of the story "The Captain's Daughter". Grinev understands that Masha will also be executed if they find out that she is here. In addition, Shvabrin took the side of the rebels. The girl is hiding in the house of the priest. In the evening, Peter had a friendly conversation with Pugachev. He remembered goodness and in return gave young man freedom.

Chapter 9. Parting

Pugachev ordered Peter to go to Orenburg in order to report his attack a week later. The young man leaves Belogorsk. Shvabrin becomes commandant and remains in the fortress.

Chapter 10. City siege

Grinev, upon arrival in Orenburg, reported on what was happening in At the council, everyone, except for the protagonist, voted not for the attack, but for the defense.

The siege began, and with it need and hunger. Peter secretly corresponds with Masha, and in one of the letters she informs the hero that Shvabrin is holding her captive and wants to marry. Grinev informs the general about this and asks the soldiers to save the girl, but he refuses. Then Peter alone decides to save his beloved.

Chapter 11. Rebellious settlement

Grinev on the way gets to the people of Pugachev, he is sent for interrogation. Peter tells Pugachev about everything, and he decides to have mercy on him.

They go to the fortress together, and they talk along the way. Peter persuades the troublemaker to surrender, but Emelyan knows that it is too late.

Chapter 12. Orphan

Pugachev learns from Shvabrin that Masha is the daughter of the former commandant. At first he is angry, but this time Peter manages to win Yemelyan's favor.

Chapter 13. Arrest

Pugachev lets the lovers go, and they go home to their parents. On the way, they meet Zurin, the former head of the outpost. He persuades the young man to stay in the service. Peter himself understands that duty is calling him. He sends Savelich and Masha to his parents.

In battles, Pugachev begins to suffer defeat. But he himself could not be caught. Zurin and his squad are sent to suppress a new rebellion. Then the news comes that Pugachev was captured.

Chapter 14. Court

We continue our brief retelling. Pushkin ("The Captain's Daughter") tells further about the following events. Grinev is arrested as a traitor, denounced by Shvabrin. The Empress pardoned him, taking into account the merits of her father, but sentenced the hero to exile for life. Masha decides to go to Petersburg to ask the Empress for her beloved.

By chance, a girl meets her for a walk in the garden and talks about her grief, not knowing who her interlocutor is. After this conversation, Maria Mironova was invited to the palace, where she saw Catherine II. She pardoned Grinev. Pugachev was executed. The lovers reunited and continued the Grinev family.

Only a brief retelling of the chapters has been offered to your attention. It does not cover all the events and does not fully disclose the psychology of the heroes, therefore, to form a more detailed understanding of this work, we recommend that you refer to the original.

Pushkin A. S. story "The Captain's Daughter": A summary.

The story is told from the first person of the protagonist of the story, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, in the form of family notes.

Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard.

In this chapter, Pushkin introduces the reader to Pyotr Grinev. His family had 9 children. However, all died as babies, and only Peter survived. Peter's father once served, but now he has retired. Peter was recorded before his birth in the Semenovsky regiment. While the boy was growing up, he was listed in his regiment as a vacation. The boy had an uncle Savelich, who was involved in his upbringing. He taught the boy Russian literacy and writing, gave him knowledge about greyhounds. After a certain time, Peter is sent a Frenchman as a teacher. The name of the Frenchman was Beaupre. His job was to teach the boy French and German languages, as well as provide education in the field of other sciences. However, the Frenchman was more concerned with booze and girls. When Peter's father noticed the Frenchman's negligence, he kicked him out. At the age of 17, his father sent Peter to serve in Orenburg, although the young man hoped to serve in St. Petersburg. At the moment of instructions before leaving, the father told his son that he needed to take care of "dress again, and honor from a young age" (Author's note: Subsequently, these words from the work Pushkin "Captain's daughter" become catch phrase). Peter left his native place. In Simbirsk, the young man visited a tavern and there he met Captain Zurin. Zurin taught Peter to play billiards, and then got him drunk and won 100 rubles from Peter. Pushkin wrote that Peter "behaved like a boy who broke free." In the morning, despite the active resistance of Savelich, Grinev pays the lost money and leaves Simbirsk.

Chapter 2. Counselor.

Grinev understood that he had done the wrong thing when he arrived in Simbirsk. Therefore, he asked Savelich for forgiveness. During the storm, the travelers lost their way. But then they noticed a man, "sharpness and subtlety of intuition" were noticed by Peter and delighted. Grinev asked this person to accompany them to the nearest house, ready to receive them. On the way, Grinev had a strange dream in which he returned to his estate and found his father dying. Peter asked his father for a blessing, but suddenly instead of him he saw a man with a black beard. Petit's mom tried to explain who this person was. According to her, it was allegedly his planted father. Then the man suddenly jumped out of bed, grabbed the ax and began to swing it. The room was filled with dead people. The man smiled at the young man and called for his blessing. Then the dream ended. Arriving at the place, Grinev looked closely at the man who agreed to see them off. This is how Pushkin described the counselor: "He was about forty, average height, thin and broad-shouldered. Gray appeared in his black beard, his lively big eyes were running around. His face had a rather pleasant expression, but rogue. His hair was cut into a circle, on him there was a ragged Armenian and Tatar sharavars. " A man with a black beard, that is, a counselor, spoke to the innkeeper in a language that was incomprehensible, allegorical for Peter: "I flew into the garden, pecked hemp; grandmother threw a pebble and passed by." Grinev decided to treat the counselor with wine and presented him with a hare sheepskin coat before parting, which again provoked Savelich's indignation. In Orenburg, a friend of his father, Andrei Karlovich R. sent Peter to serve in the Belgorsk fortress, which was 40 miles from Orenburg.

Chapter 3. Fortress.

Grinev arrived at the fortress and found it similar to a small village. Everything in it was run by the wife of the commandant of the fortress, Vasilisa Yegorovna. Peter met a young officer, Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin. Shvabrin told Grinev about the inhabitants of the fortress, about the established order in it and about life in these places in general. He also expressed his opinion about the family of the commandant of the fortress and extremely unflattering about his daughter Mironova Mashenka. Grinev found Shvabrin not a very attractive young man. He was "short, with a dark complexion and superbly ugly, but extremely lively." Grinev learned that Shvabrin got into the fortress because of a duel. Shvabrin and Grinev were invited to dinner at the house of commandant Ivan Kuzmich Mironov. The young people accepted the invitation. On the street Grinev saw how the military exercises were held. The commandant himself commanded a platoon of disabled people. He was "in a cap and a Chinese dressing gown."

Chapter 4. Duel.

Grinev began to visit the commandant's family more and more often. He liked this family. And I liked Masha. He dedicated poems to her about love. Peter became an officer. At the beginning he was happy to talk to Shvabrin. But his caustic remarks about his girlfriend began to annoy Grinev. When Peter showed his poems to Alexei and Shvabrin sharply criticized them, and then also allowed himself to offend Masha, Grinev called Shvabrin a liar and received a challenge from Shvabrin to a duel. Upon learning of the duel, Vasilisa Yegorovna ordered the arrest of young officers. The Palashka girl took the swords from them. And later Masha told Peter that Shvvabrin had once wooed her, but she refused him. That is why Shvabrin hated the girl and threw endless barbs at her. Some time later, the duel resumed. Grinev was wounded in it.

Chapter 5. Love.

Savelich and Masha began to look after the wounded. At this moment, Grinev decided to confess his feelings to Mashenka and propose to her. Masha agreed. Then Grinev sent a letter to his father asking him to bless him for the marriage with the daughter of the commandant of the fortress. The answer came. And from him it became clear that the father refuses his son. Moreover, he learned about the duel from somewhere. Savelich did not report the duel to Grinev senior. Therefore, Peter decided that this was the work of Shvabrin. Meanwhile, Shvabrin came to visit Peter and asked him for forgiveness. He said that he was guilty before Peter for everything that happened. However, Masha does not want to get married without the blessing of her father, and therefore she began to avoid Grinev. Grinev also stopped visiting the commandant's house. He lost heart.

Chapter 6. Pugachevshchina

The commandant received a letter from the general, in which it was reported that the escaped Don Cossack Emelyan Pugachev was gathering a villainous gang and therefore it was necessary to strengthen the fortress. It was immediately reported that Pugachev had already managed to plunder several fortresses and hang the officers. Ivan Kuzmich gathered a council of war and asked everyone to keep this news secret. But Ivan Ignatievich accidentally blabbed out to Vasilisa Yegorovna, and that priest, and as a result, rumors about Pugachev spread throughout the fortress. Pugachev sent scouts to the villages of the Cossacks with leaflets in which he threatened to eat those who did not recognize him as sovereign and would not join his gang. And he demanded that the officers surrender the fortress without a fight. We managed to catch one of these scouts, a mutilated Bashkir. The poor prisoner had no nose, tongue and ears. It was evident from everything that he was not rebelling for the first time and was familiar with torture. Ivan Kuzmich, at the suggestion of Grinev, decided to send Masha from the fortress to Orenburg in the morning. Grinev and Masha said goodbye. Mironov wanted his wife to leave the fortress, but Vasilisa Yegorovna firmly decided to stay with her husband.

Chapter 7. Attack.

Masha did not have time to leave the fortress. Under cover of night, the Cossacks left the Belogorsk fortress to go over to Pugachev's side. A few soldiers remained in the fortress, who were unable to resist the robbers. They defended themselves as best they could, but in vain. Pugachev captured the fortress. Many immediately swore allegiance to the robber, who proclaimed himself king. He executed the commandant Mironov Ivan Kuzmich and Ivan Ignatievich. Grinev was to be executed next, but Savelich threw himself at Pugachev's feet and begged him to be kept alive. Savelich even promised a ransom for the life of the young master. Pugachev agreed to such conditions and demanded that Grinev kiss his hand. Grinev refused. But Pugachev still pardoned Peter. The surviving soldiers and residents of the fortress went over to the side of the robbers and for 3 hours kissed the hand of the newly-made Emperor Pugachev, who was sitting in an armchair on the porch of the commandant's house. The robbers plundered everywhere, pulling out various goods from chests and cupboards: fabrics, dishes, fluff, etc. Vasilisa Yegorovna was stripped naked and taken out in this form in public, after which they were killed. The white horse was brought to Pugachev and he left.

Chapter 8. An uninvited guest.

Grinev was very worried about Masha. Did she manage to hide and what happened to her? He entered the commandant's house. Everything there was destroyed, plundered and broken. He entered Marya Ivanovna's room, where he met the sword in hiding. From Broadsword he learned that Masha was a priest in the house. Then Grinev went to the priest's house. In it there was a drinking party of robbers. Pyotr called for a priest. From her, Grinev learned that Shvabrin had sworn allegiance to Pugachev and was now resting with the robbers at the same table. Masha lies on her bed, delirious. The priest said to Pugachev that the girl was her niece. Fortunately, Shvabrin did not betray the truth to Pugachev. Grinev returned to his apartment. There Savelich told Peter that Pugachev was their former leader. They came for Grinev, saying that Pugachev was demanding him. Grinev obeyed. Entering the room, Peter was amazed that "Everyone treated each other as comrades and did not show any particular preference for their leader ... Everyone boasted, offered their opinions and freely challenged Pugachev." Pugachev offered to sing a song about the gallows, and the bandits sang: "Don't make a noise, mother green oak tree ..." When the guests had finally dispersed, Pugachev asked Grinev to stay. A conversation arose between them, in which Pugachev invited Grinev to stay with him and serve him. Peter honestly told Pugachev that he did not consider him the sovereign and could not serve him, since he had already sworn allegiance to the empress once. He also will not be able to fulfill his promise not to fight against Pugachev, since this is his officer's duty. Pugachev was amazed at Grinev's frankness and honesty. He promised to release Grinev to Orenburg, but asked to come in the morning to say goodbye to him.

Chapter 9. Parting.

Pugachev asks Grinev to visit the governor in Orenburg and tell him that in a week, Tsar Pugachev will be in the city. He appointed Shvabrin as commandant of the Belogorsk fortress, since he himself must leave. Savelich, meanwhile, compiled a list of the plundered lordly property and submitted it to Pugachev. Pugachev, being in a magnanimous state of mind, instead of punishment decided to give Grinev a horse and his own fur coat. In the same chapter, Pushkin writes that Masha fell ill in earnest.

Chapter 10. Siege of the city.

Grinev, having arrived in Orenburg, was sent to General Andrei Karlovich. Grinev asked to give him soldiers and allow him to attack the Belgorod fortress. General, having learned about the fate of the Mironov family and that Captain's daughter remained in the hands of the robbers, expressed sympathy, but the soldier refused to give, referring to the forthcoming council of war. The military council, at which "there was not a single military man," was held that evening. “All the officials talked about the unreliability of the troops, about the lack of luck, about caution, and the like. stone wall than on open field experience the happiness of arms. " great price behind Pugachev's head. They believed that the robbers themselves would betray their leader, tempted to a high price. Meanwhile, Pugachev kept his word and appeared at the walls of Orenburg exactly a week later. The siege of the city began. The inhabitants suffered severely because of hunger and because of the high cost. The robbers' sorties were periodic. Grinev was bored and he often rode a horse given to him by Pugachev. Once he ran into a Cossack, who turned out to be the sergeant of the Belogorsk fortress Maksimych. He gave a letter to Grinev from Masha, in which it was reported that Shvabrin was forcing her to marry him.

Chapter 11. Rebellious settlement.

To save Masha, Grinev and Savelich went to the Belogorsk fortress. On the way, they fell into the hands of robbers. They were taken to Pugachev. Pugachev asked where Grinev was going and for what purpose. Grinev honestly told Pugachev about his intentions. They say he would like to protect the orphaned girl from the claims of Shvabrin. The robbers offered to cut off the heads of both Grinev and Shvabrin. But Pugachev decided everything in his own way. He promised Grinev to arrange his fate with Masha. In the morning, Pugachev and Grinev rode in the same wagon to the Belogorsk fortress. On the way, Pugachev shared with Grinev his desire to go to Moscow: "... my street is cramped; my will is not enough. My guys are clever. They are thieves. I must keep my ears open; at the first failure, they will redeem their neck with my head." On the way, Pugachev managed to tell a Kalmyk tale about a crow that he lived for 300 years, but ate carrion and about an eagle that prefers hunger to fall: " better times get drunk with living blood. "

Chapter 12. Orphan.

Arriving at the Belogorsk fortress, Pugachev learned that Shvabrin mocked Masha and starved her. Then Puchev wished on behalf of the sovereign to marry Grinev and Masha immediately. Then Shvabrin told Pugachev that Masha was not a priest's niece, but the daughter of Captain Mironov. But Pugachev turned out to be a magnanimous man: "to execute, to execute, to grant, to grant," and released Masha and Grinev.

Chapter 13. Arrest

Pugachev handed Peter a pass. Therefore, lovers could freely go through all the outposts. But one day the outpost of the imperial soldiers was mistaken for the Pugachevskys and this was the reason for the arrest of Grinev. The soldiers took Peter to their boss, whom Grinev recognized as Zurin. Peter told his story to an old friend and he believed Grinev. Zurin proposed to postpone the wedding and send Masha, accompanied by Savelich to her parents, and Grinev himself to remain in the service, as required by the officer's duty. Grinev heeded Zurin's proposal. Pugachev was eventually defeated, but not caught. The leader managed to escape to Siberia and gather a new gang. They were looking for Pugachev everywhere. In the end, he was still caught. But then Zurin received an order to arrest Grinev and send him to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.

Chapter 14. Judgment.

Grinev was arrested because of Shvabrin's denunciation. Shvabrin claimed that Pyotr Grinev served Pugachev. Grinev was afraid to interfere with Masha in this story. He didn’t want to be tortured with interrogations. Therefore, Grinev could not justify himself. The Empress replaced the death penalty with exile to Siberia only thanks to the merits of Father Peter. The father was depressed by what had happened. It was a shame for the Grinev family. Masha went to Petersburg to talk to the Empress. It so happened that one day Masha was walking in the garden early in the morning. While walking, she met an unfamiliar woman. They got into conversation. The woman asked to introduce herself to Masha and she replied that she was the daughter of Captain Mironov. The woman immediately became very interested in Masha and asked Masha to tell for what purpose she had arrived in St. Petersburg. Masha said that she had come to the Empress to ask for mercy for Grinev, since he could not justify himself at the trial because of her. The woman said that she was at court and promised to help Masha. She took Masha's letter addressed to the Empress and asked where Masha was staying. Masha answered. On this they parted. Masha had hardly had time to drink tea after the walk, when the palace carriage drove into the courtyard. The messenger asked Masha to immediately go to the palace, since the empress demands her to her. In the palace Masha recognized the empress as her morning companion. Grinev was pardoned, Masha was given a fortune. Masha and Pyotr Grinev got married. Grinev was present during the execution of Yemelyan Pugachev. "He was present at the execution of Pugachev, who recognized him in the crowd and nodded his head to him, which a minute later, dead and bloody, was shown to the people."

This is summary by chapters Pushkin's story " Captain's daughter"

Good luck on your exams and A's on your essays!

Pushkin A.S. the story "The Captain's Daughter": Summary.

The story is told from the first person of the protagonist of the story, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, in the form of family notes.

Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard.

In this chapter, Pushkin introduces the reader to Pyotr Grinev. His family had 9 children. However, all died as babies, and only Peter survived. Peter's father once served, but now he has retired. Peter was recorded before his birth in the Semenovsky regiment. While the boy was growing up, he was listed in his regiment as a vacation. The boy had an uncle Savelich, who was involved in his upbringing. He taught the boy Russian literacy and writing, gave him knowledge about greyhounds. After a certain time, Peter is sent a Frenchman as a teacher. The name of the Frenchman was Beaupre. His duties included teaching the boy French and German, as well as educating him in other sciences. However, the Frenchman was more concerned with booze and girls. When Peter's father noticed the Frenchman's negligence, he kicked him out. At the age of 17, his father sent Peter to serve in Orenburg, although the young man hoped to serve in St. Petersburg. At the moment of instruction before leaving, the father told his son that he needed to take care of “ dress again, and honor from a young age"(Author's note: Subsequently, these words from the work Pushkin « Captain's daughter"Became a catch phrase). Peter left his native place. In Simbirsk, the young man visited a tavern and there he met Captain Zurin. Zurin taught Peter to play billiards, and then got him drunk and won 100 rubles from Peter. Pushkin wrote that Peter “ behaved like a boy who broke free". In the morning, despite the active resistance of Savelich, Grinev pays the lost money and leaves Simbirsk.

Chapter 2. Counselor.

Grinev understood that he had done the wrong thing when he arrived in Simbirsk. Therefore, he asked Savelich for forgiveness. During the storm, the travelers lost their way. But then they noticed a man, " sharpness and subtlety of flair"Were noticed by Peter and delighted. Grinev asked this person to accompany them to the nearest house, ready to receive them. On the way, Grinev had a strange dream in which he returned to his estate and found his father dying. Peter asked his father for a blessing, but suddenly instead of him he saw a man with a black beard. Petit's mom tried to explain who this person was. According to her, it was allegedly his planted father. Then the man suddenly jumped out of bed, grabbed the ax and began to swing it. The room was filled with dead people. The man smiled at the young man and called for his blessing. Then the dream ended. Arriving at the place, Grinev looked closely at the man who agreed to see them off. This is how Pushkin described the counselor: “ He was about forty, medium height, thin and broad-shouldered. Gray appeared in his black beard, and his lively big eyes darted about. His face had a rather pleasant expression, but a roguish one. His hair was cut into a circle, he was wearing a torn-off army jacket and Tatar sharavars". A man with a black beard, i.e. counselor, spoke with the innkeeper in an incomprehensible, allegorical for Peter, language: “ I flew to the garden, pecked hemp; grandmother threw a stone, but by". Grinev decided to treat the counselor with wine and presented him with a hare sheepskin coat before parting, which again provoked Savelich's indignation. In Orenburg, a friend of his father, Andrei Karlovich R. sent Peter to serve in the Belgorsk fortress, which was 40 miles from Orenburg.

Chapter 3. Fortress.

Grinev arrived at the fortress and found it similar to a small village. Everything in it was run by the wife of the commandant of the fortress, Vasilisa Yegorovna. Peter met a young officer, Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin. Shvabrin told Grinev about the inhabitants of the fortress, about the established order in it and about life in these places in general. He also expressed his opinion about the family of the commandant of the fortress and extremely unflattering about his daughter Mironova Mashenka. Grinev found Shvabrin not a very attractive young man. He was " short, with a dark complexion and superbly ugly, but extremely lively". Grinev learned that Shvabrin got into the fortress because of a duel. Shvabrin and Grinev were invited to dinner at the house of commandant Ivan Kuzmich Mironov. The young people accepted the invitation. On the street Grinev saw how the military exercises were held. The commandant himself commanded a platoon of disabled people. He was " in a cap and a Chinese robe«.

Chapter 4. Duel.

Grinev began to visit the commandant's family more and more often. He liked this family. And I liked Masha. He dedicated poems to her about love. Peter became an officer. At the beginning he was happy to talk to Shvabrin. But his caustic remarks about his girlfriend began to annoy Grinev. When Peter showed his poems to Alexei and Shvabrin sharply criticized them, and then also allowed himself to offend Masha, Grinev called Shvabrin a liar and received a challenge from Shvabrin to a duel. Upon learning of the duel, Vasilisa Yegorovna ordered the arrest of young officers. The Palashka girl took the swords from them. And later Masha told Peter that Shvvabrin had once wooed her, but she refused him. That is why Shvabrin hated the girl and threw endless barbs at her. Some time later, the duel resumed. Grinev was wounded in it.

Chapter 5. Love.

Savelich and Masha began to look after the wounded. At this moment, Grinev decided to confess his feelings to Mashenka and propose to her. Masha agreed. Then Grinev sent a letter to his father asking him to bless him for the marriage with the daughter of the commandant of the fortress. The answer came. And from him it became clear that the father refuses his son. Moreover, he learned about the duel from somewhere. Savelich did not report the duel to Grinev senior. Therefore, Peter decided that this was the work of Shvabrin. Meanwhile, Shvabrin came to visit Peter and asked him for forgiveness. He said that he was guilty before Peter for everything that happened. However, Masha does not want to get married without the blessing of her father, and therefore she began to avoid Grinev. Grinev also stopped visiting the commandant's house. He lost heart.

Chapter 6. Pugachevshchina

The commandant received a letter from the general, in which it was reported that the escaped Don Cossack Emelyan Pugachev was gathering a villainous gang and therefore it was necessary to strengthen the fortress. It was immediately reported that Pugachev had already managed to plunder several fortresses and hang the officers. Ivan Kuzmich gathered a council of war and asked everyone to keep this news secret. But Ivan Ignatievich accidentally blabbed out to Vasilisa Yegorovna, and that priest, and as a result, rumors about Pugachev spread throughout the fortress. Pugachev sent scouts to the villages of the Cossacks with leaflets in which he threatened to eat those who did not recognize him as sovereign and would not join his gang. And he demanded that the officers surrender the fortress without a fight. We managed to catch one of these scouts, a mutilated Bashkir. The poor prisoner had no nose, tongue and ears. It was evident from everything that he was not rebelling for the first time and was familiar with torture. Ivan Kuzmich, at the suggestion of Grinev, decided to send Masha from the fortress to Orenburg in the morning. Grinev and Masha said goodbye. Mironov wanted his wife to leave the fortress, but Vasilisa Yegorovna firmly decided to stay with her husband.

Chapter 7. Attack.

Masha did not have time to leave the fortress. Under cover of night, the Cossacks left the Belogorsk fortress to go over to Pugachev's side. A few soldiers remained in the fortress, who were unable to resist the robbers. They defended themselves as best they could, but in vain. Pugachev captured the fortress. Many immediately swore allegiance to the robber, who proclaimed himself king. He executed the commandant Mironov Ivan Kuzmich and Ivan Ignatievich. Grinev was to be executed next, but Savelich threw himself at Pugachev's feet and begged him to be kept alive. Savelich even promised a ransom for the life of the young master. Pugachev agreed to such conditions and demanded that Grinev kiss his hand. Grinev refused. But Pugachev still pardoned Peter. The surviving soldiers and residents of the fortress went over to the side of the robbers and for 3 hours kissed the hand of the newly-made Emperor Pugachev, who was sitting in an armchair on the porch of the commandant's house. Robbers plundered everywhere, taking out various goods from chests and cupboards: fabrics, dishes, fluff, etc. Vasilisa Yegorovna was stripped naked and taken out in this form in public, after which she was killed. The white horse was brought to Pugachev and he left.

Chapter 8. An uninvited guest.

Grinev was very worried about Masha. Did she manage to hide and what happened to her? He entered the commandant's house. Everything there was destroyed, plundered and broken. He entered Marya Ivanovna's room, where he met the sword in hiding. From Broadsword he learned that Masha was a priest in the house. Then Grinev went to the priest's house. In it there was a drinking party of robbers. Pyotr called for a priest. From her, Grinev learned that Shvabrin had sworn allegiance to Pugachev and was now resting with the robbers at the same table. Masha lies on her bed, delirious. The priest said to Pugachev that the girl was her niece. Fortunately, Shvabrin did not betray the truth to Pugachev. Grinev returned to his apartment. There Savelich told Peter that Pugachev was their former leader. They came for Grinev, saying that Pugachev was demanding him. Grinev obeyed. Upon entering the premises, Petra was amazed that “ All treated each other as comrades and did not show any particular preference for their leader ... Each boasted, offered his opinions and freely challenged Pugachev". Pugachev suggested singing a song about the gallows, and the bandits sang: “ Don't make noise, mother green oak tree ...“When the guests had dispersed completely, Pugachev asked Grinev to stay. A conversation arose between them, in which Pugachev invited Grinev to stay with him and serve him. Peter honestly told Pugachev that he did not consider him a sovereign and could not serve him, since once already swore allegiance to the empress. He also will not be able to fulfill his promise not to fight against Pugachev, since this is his officer's duty. Pugachev was amazed at Grinev's frankness and honesty. He promised to release Grinev to Orenburg, but asked to come in the morning to say goodbye to him.

Chapter 9. Parting.

Pugachev asks Grinev to visit the governor in Orenburg and tell him that in a week, Tsar Pugachev will be in the city. He appointed Shvabrin as commandant of the Belogorsk fortress, since he himself must leave. Savelich, meanwhile, compiled a list of the plundered lordly property and submitted it to Pugachev. Pugachev, being in a magnanimous state of mind, instead of punishment decided to give Grinev a horse and his own fur coat. In the same chapter, Pushkin writes that Masha fell ill in earnest.

Chapter 10. Siege of the city.

Grinev, having arrived in Orenburg, was sent to General Andrei Karlovich. Grinev asked to give him soldiers and allow him to attack the Belgorod fortress. General, having learned about the fate of the Mironov family and that Captain's daughter remained in the hands of the robbers, expressed sympathy, but the soldier refused to give, referring to the forthcoming council of war. The military council, at which “ there was not a single military man“, Took place on the same evening. " All the officials talked about the unreliability of the troops, about the lack of luck, about caution and the like. Everyone believed that it was more prudent to remain under the shelter of cannons behind a strong stone wall than to experience the happiness of weapons in the open field.". One of the ways out, officials saw in the appointment of a high price for the head of Pugachev. They believed that the robbers themselves would betray their leader, tempted to a high price. Meanwhile, Pugachev kept his word and appeared at the walls of Orenburg exactly a week later. The siege of the city began. The inhabitants suffered severely because of hunger and because of the high cost. The robbers' sorties were periodic. Grinev was bored and he often rode a horse given to him by Pugachev. Once he ran into a Cossack, who turned out to be the sergeant of the Belogorsk fortress Maksimych. He gave a letter to Grinev from Masha, in which it was reported that Shvabrin was forcing her to marry him.

Chapter 11. Rebellious settlement.

To save Masha, Grinev and Savelich went to the Belogorsk fortress. On the way, they fell into the hands of robbers. They were taken to Pugachev. Pugachev asked where Grinev was going and for what purpose. Grinev honestly told Pugachev about his intentions. They say he would like to protect the orphaned girl from the claims of Shvabrin. The robbers offered to cut off the heads of both Grinev and Shvabrin. But Pugachev decided everything in his own way. He promised Grinev to arrange his fate with Masha. In the morning, Pugachev and Grinev rode in the same wagon to the Belogorsk fortress. On the way, Pugachev shared with Grinev his desire to go to Moscow: “ ... my street is narrow; will is not enough for me. My guys are getting smart. They are thieves. I must keep my ears open; at the first failure they will redeem their neck with my head". On the way, Pugachev managed to tell a Kalmyk tale about a raven that he lived for 300 years, but ate carrion and about an eagle that prefers hunger to fall: “ it's better to get drunk with living blood«.

Chapter 12. Orphan.

Arriving at the Belogorsk fortress, Pugachev learned that Shvabrin mocked Masha and starved her. Then Puchev wished on behalf of the sovereign to marry Grinev and Masha immediately. Then Shvabrin told Pugachev that Masha was not a priest's niece, but the daughter of Captain Mironov. But Pugachev turned out to be a magnanimous man: “ execute, so execute, favor, so favor”And dismissed Masha and Grinev.

Chapter 13. Arrest

Pugachev handed Peter a pass. Therefore, lovers could freely go through all the outposts. But one day the outpost of the imperial soldiers was mistaken for the Pugachevskys and this was the reason for the arrest of Grinev. The soldiers took Peter to their boss, whom Grinev recognized as Zurin. Peter told his story to an old friend and he believed Grinev. Zurin proposed to postpone the wedding and send Masha, accompanied by Savelich to her parents, and Grinev himself to remain in the service, as required by the officer's duty. Grinev heeded Zurin's proposal. Pugachev was eventually defeated, but not caught. The leader managed to escape to Siberia and gather a new gang. They were looking for Pugachev everywhere. In the end, he was still caught. But then Zurin received an order to arrest Grinev and send him to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.

Chapter 14. Judgment.

Grinev was arrested because of Shvabrin's denunciation. Shvabrin claimed that Pyotr Grinev served Pugachev. Grinev was afraid to interfere with Masha in this story. He didn’t want to be tortured with interrogations. Therefore, Grinev could not justify himself. The Empress replaced the death penalty with exile to Siberia only thanks to the merits of Father Peter. The father was depressed by what had happened. It was a shame for the Grinev family. Masha went to Petersburg to talk to the Empress. It so happened that one day Masha was walking in the garden early in the morning. While walking, she met an unfamiliar woman. They got into conversation. The woman asked to introduce herself to Masha and she replied that she was the daughter of Captain Mironov. The woman immediately became very interested in Masha and asked Masha to tell for what purpose she had arrived in St. Petersburg. Masha said that she had come to the Empress to ask for mercy for Grinev, because he could not justify himself at the trial because of her. The woman said that she was at court and promised to help Masha. She took Masha's letter addressed to the Empress and asked where Masha was staying. Masha answered. On this they parted. Masha had hardly had time to drink tea after the walk, when the palace carriage drove into the courtyard. The messenger asked Masha to immediately go to the palace, since the Empress demands it. In the palace Masha recognized the empress as her morning companion. Grinev was pardoned, Masha was given a fortune. Masha and Pyotr Grinev got married. Grinev was present during the execution of Yemelyan Pugachev. " He was present at the execution of Pugachev, who recognized him in the crowd and nodded to him, which a minute later, dead and bloody, was shown to the people«

This is summary by chapter Pushkin's story " Captain's daughter«

Good luck on your exams and A's on your essays!

The novel is based on the memoirs of a fifty-year-old nobleman Petra Andreevich Grineva written by him during the reign of Emperor Alexander and dedicated to the "Pugachevshchina", in which a seventeen-year-old officer Petr Grinev by a "strange chain of circumstances" he took an involuntary part.

Pyotr Andreevich recalls his childhood with light irony, the childhood of an ignorant noble. His father Andrey Petrovich Grinev in his youth, “he served under Count Minich and retired as prime major in 17 ... year. Since then he lived in his Simbirsk village, where he married a girl Avdotya Vasilievna Yu., the daughter of a poor local nobleman. " The Grinev family had nine children, but all of Petrusha's brothers and sisters "died in infancy." “Mother was still a belly of me,” recalls Grinev, “as I was already enrolled in the Semyonovsky regiment as a sergeant.” From the age of five, Petrusha has been looked after by the stirrup Savelich, who was given to him as an uncle for “sober behavior”. "Under his supervision in the twelfth year I learned to read and write Russian and could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound dog." Then a teacher appeared - the Frenchman Beaupre, who did not understand the "meaning of this word", since in his homeland he was a hairdresser, and in Prussia - a soldier. Young Grinev and the Frenchman Beaupre quickly got along, and although Beaupre was contractually obliged to teach Petrusha "in French, German and all sciences", he soon preferred to learn from his student "to chat in Russian." Grinev's upbringing ends with the expulsion of Beaupre, who was convicted of disorderly conduct, drunkenness and neglect of the duties of a teacher.

Until the age of sixteen, Grinev lives "undersized, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys." In the seventeenth year, the father decides to send his son to the service, but not to St. Petersburg, but to the army "to sniff gunpowder" and "pull the strap." He sends him to Orenburg, instructing him to serve faithfully "to whom you swear", and remember the proverb: "Take care of your dress again, but honor from your youth." All the "brilliant hopes" of the young Grinev for a cheerful life in St. Petersburg were shattered, ahead of them was "boredom in the deaf and distant side."

Approaching Orenburg, Grinev and Savelich were caught in a blizzard. A random person who meets on the road brings the wagon, lost in a blizzard, to the office. While the wagon was "quietly moving" to housing, Pyotr Andreevich had a terrible dream in which fifty-year-old Grinev sees something prophetic, linking it with the "strange circumstances" of his future life. A man with a black beard is lying in the bed of Father Grinev, and mother, calling him Andrei Petrovich and "the planted father," wants Petrusha to "kiss his hand" and ask for blessings. A man waves an ax, the room is filled with dead bodies; Grinev stumbles over them, slides in bloody puddles, but his “terrible man” “tenderly calls”, saying: “Don't be afraid, come under my blessing”.

In gratitude for the salvation, Grinev gives the “counselor”, dressed too lightly, his hare sheepskin coat and brings a glass of wine, for which he thanks him with a low bow: “Thank you, your honor! God reward you for your virtue. " The outward appearance of the “counselor” seemed to Grinev “wonderful”: “He was about forty years old, of medium height, thin and broad-shouldered. His black beard showed gray; lively big eyes kept running. His face had a rather pleasant expression, but rogue. "

The Belogorsk fortress, where Grinev was sent to serve from Orenburg, meets the young man not with formidable bastions, towers and ramparts, but turns out to be a village surrounded by wooden fence... Instead of a brave garrison, there are disabled people who do not know where is the left and where is the right; instead of deadly artillery, there is an old cannon clogged with debris.

The commandant of the fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, is an officer "from the soldiers' children", an uneducated person, but honest and kind. His wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, completely manages it and looks at the affairs of the service as if it were her own business. Soon Grinev became “native” for the Mironovs, and he himself “imperceptibly [...] became attached to a kind family”. In the daughter of the Mironovs, Masha Grinev, "I found a sensible and sensible girl."

The service does not bother Grinev, he was carried away by reading books, practicing translation and writing poetry. At first, he became close to Lieutenant Shvabrin, the only person in the fortress who was close to Grinev in education, age and occupation. But soon they quarrel - Shvabrin scoffed at the love "song" written by Grinev, and also allowed himself dirty hints about the "disposition and custom" of Masha Mironova, to whom this song was dedicated. Later, in a conversation with Masha, Grinev will find out the reasons for the stubborn slander with which Shvabrin pursued her: the lieutenant wooed her, but was refused. “I don’t like Alexei Ivanovich. He is very disgusting to me, ”Masha admits to Grinev. The quarrel is resolved by a duel and by wounding Grinev.

Masha takes care of the wounded Grinev. Young people confess to each other "in a heartfelt inclination", and Grinev writes a letter to the priest, "asking for parental blessing." But Masha is a dowry. The Mironovs have “only one soul, Palashka,” while the Grinevs have three hundred peasants. Father forbids Grinev to marry and promises to transfer him from the Belogorsk fortress "somewhere farther away" so that the "nonsense" will pass.

After this letter, life became unbearable for Grinev, he falls into a gloomy reverie, seeks solitude. "I was afraid either to go mad or to go into debauchery." And only "unexpected events," writes Grinev, "that had an important impact on my whole life, suddenly gave my soul a strong and good shock."

In early October 1773, the commandant of the fortress received a secret message about the Don Cossack Yemelyan Pugachev, who, posing as “the late emperor Peter III"," Gathered a villainous gang, made indignation in the Yaik villages and has already taken and destroyed several fortresses. " The commandant was asked to "take appropriate measures to repel the aforementioned villain and impostor."

Soon everyone was talking about Pugachev. A Bashkir with "outrageous sheets" was captured in the fortress. But it was not possible to interrogate him - the Bashkir's tongue was torn out. From day to day, the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress are expecting an attack by Pugachev,

The rebels appear unexpectedly - the Mironovs did not even have time to send Masha to Orenburg. At the first attack, the fortress was taken. Residents greet Pugachevites with bread and salt. The prisoners, among whom was Grinev, are taken to the square to swear allegiance to Pugachev. The first to die on the gallows is the commandant, who refused to swear allegiance to "a thief and an impostor." Under the blow of a saber, Vasilisa Yegorovna falls dead. Death on the gallows awaits Grinev, but Pugachev has mercy on him. A little later, Grinev learns from Savelich "the reason for the mercy" - the ataman of the robbers turned out to be the vagrant who received from him, Grinev, a hare sheepskin coat.

In the evening Grinev was invited to the “great sovereign”. "I have pardoned you for your virtue," Pugachev says to Grinev, "[...] Do you promise to serve me with zeal?" But Grinev is a "natural nobleman" and "swore allegiance to the empress". He cannot even promise Pugachev not to serve against him. “My head is in your power,” he says to Pugachev, “if you let me go, thank you, you will execute me - God is your judge.”

Grinev's sincerity amazes Pugachev, and he lets the officer go "on all four sides." Grinev decides to go to Orenburg for help - after all, Masha remained in a strong fever in the fortress, whom the priest passed off as her niece. He is especially worried that Shvabrin has been appointed commandant of the fortress, who has sworn allegiance to Pugachev.

But in Orenburg, Grinev was denied help, and a few days later the rebel troops surrounded the city. Long days of siege dragged on. Soon, by chance, a letter from Masha falls into the hands of Grinev, from which he learns that Shvabrin is forcing her to marry him, threatening to otherwise give her out to the Pugachevites. Once again, Grinev turns to the military commander for help, and again receives a refusal.

Grinev and Savelich leave for the Belogorsk fortress, but they are captured by the rebels near the Berdskaya settlement. And again, Providence brings Grinev and Pugachev together, giving the officer an opportunity to fulfill his intention: having learned from Grinev the essence of the matter in which he was going to the Belogorsk fortress, Pugachev himself decides to free the orphan and punish the offender.

On the way to the fortress, a confidential conversation takes place between Pugachev and Grinev. Pugachev is clearly aware of his doom, expecting betrayal primarily on the part of his comrades, he knows that he will not wait for "the Empress's mercy" either. For Pugachev, as for an eagle from a Kalmyk fairy tale, which he tells Grinev with “wild inspiration”, “than to eat carrion for three hundred years, it is better to drink living blood once; and there what God will give! " Grinev draws a different moral conclusion from the fairy tale, which surprises Pugachev: "To live by murder and robbery means to peck at the carrion for me."

In the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev, with the help of Pugachev, frees Masha. And although the enraged Shvabrin reveals deception to Pugachev, he is full of magnanimity: "Execute, execute, grant, grant, this is my custom." Grinev and Pugachev part "amicably".

Grinev sends Masha as a bride to his parents, and he himself remains in the army due to his "duty of honor". The war "with robbers and savages" is "boring and petty." Grinev's observations are filled with bitterness: "God forbid to see a Russian rebellion, senseless and merciless."

The end of the military campaign coincides with the arrest of Grinev. Appearing before the court, he is calm in his confidence that he can justify himself, but Shvabrin stipulates him, exposing Grinev as a spy dispatched from Pugachev to Orenburg. Grinev was convicted, shame awaited him, exile to Siberia for an eternal settlement.

From shame and exile, Grinev is saved by Masha, who goes to the queen to "ask for mercy." Walking through the garden of Tsarskoe Selo, Masha met a middle-aged lady. In this lady, everything "involuntarily attracted the heart and inspired confidence." Having learned who Masha was, she offered her help, and Masha sincerely told the lady the whole story. The lady turned out to be the empress, who pardoned Grinev in the same way as Pugachev once pardoned both Masha and Grinev.