September 25, 2018
Specialization: philological education. Work experience as a builder - 20 years. Of these, the last 15 years led the brigade as a foreman. I know everything about construction - from design and zero cycle to interior design. Hobbies: Vocals, psychology, quailing.

Greetings, my dear readers.

When making furniture, each element of its body has its own meaning. Important role The tsar, which is little known among ordinary users, also plays. What is this element, what is it for, in what types of furniture is it present, what are its characteristics? Let's figure it all out.

What is a king?

Most of the cabinet furniture parts have fairly simple names. By these terms, it is possible to quickly understand which particular structural element is being discussed.

Element characteristics

But among the furniture parts there are those whose names say little to non-specialists. Among them is the king. The term comes from the German word "Zarge", which translates as "frame".

The drawer side is a horizontal connecting bar. It is placed between the legs of a bed, sofa, chair, table and other pieces of furniture. The bar reinforces the body and gives it sufficient rigidity. This is due to additional fixation elements of the product with its ends.

1. Furniture equipped with four or more legs (tables, chairs, etc.)... In this case, the tsar is a frame made of boards or bars, which rigidly connects these supports.
2. Beds, sofas, doors... In these designs, the drawers are horizontally oriented crossbars. They ensure the connection of the uprights to each other. That is, these are the upper or lower horizontally oriented frame straps.

1. Panel furniture... In its manufacture, interconnecting strips are also used. They fulfill their traditional function - they impart rigidity to the structure.

However, these elements look a little different. Most often, they are a wide and heavy panel. These details play an aesthetic role, often a central one. In addition, such details overlap the fixing and other technical elements of the object.

What pieces of furniture is present in

Any rectangular piece of furniture has a connecting piece located between the body (or seat, table top) and the legs. For tables and chairs, a connecting strip is the most important structural element, mounted along their entire perimeter.

Element materials

The tsarga can be made from such materials:

1. From chipboard, including laminated chipboard (chipboard), veneered, plasticized or painted.
2. Made of solid natural wood.
3. Made of MDF with or without wood core.
4. Made of thick plywood, including plasticized, laminated, veneered or painted.
5. From metal (steel, aluminum, bronze, brass, etc.).

In the case of upholstered furniture, the drawer side is often covered with some kind of dense fabric, leather or its substitute.

Drawer in various furniture

Photo	Piece of furniture
	Bed It can have from two to four connectors. Their specific number depends on: do you have sleeping place headboard and footboard; is there only one backrest; whether the headboard and footboard are missing. The connecting elements of the bed mate with each other and the back. This ensures the strength and reliability of the furniture frame. The slats are also responsible for holding the bed, for example, a mattress. In the simplest case, to assemble a new bed, you just need to fix the fastening planks between the headboard and the foot of the furniture. Connecting elements of a soft bed can be covered with upholstery, fabric or leather.
	Table This piece of furniture has a drawer side with a particularly significant connecting element. It connects the table top and support legs to each other. The tsarga in this case consists of four strips mounted along the perimeter of the object. Fixing rails are found only on traditional wooden tables: They are placed under the table top and the furniture legs mate with each other. In addition, the table can have an additional connecting belt located at the bottom. It is called a slip or ligament. Fixing the planks to the worktop gives the piece of furniture additional reliability, strength and stability. Not all table options have a drawer side. After all, not every model is equipped with four support legs. Therefore, there is no need to connect them to each other.
	Seats (chair, stool, armchair, etc.) For this piece of furniture, the connecting belts, like for the table, can be mounted in two places: the first tsar is placed at the top of the chair; the second belt of slats is placed at the bottom and is called a prog. In the case of armchairs, the drawer side is also mounted at the bottom of the frame. It connects the armrests to each other.
	Sofa For this piece of furniture, the drawer side is mounted from below. It matches the armrests with each other. Following the installation, the tsar is sheathed with fabric or leather. In addition to connecting the frame elements to each other, it ensures the strength of the sofa. The height of the side of the sofa can be up to 0.3 m, and its length - up to 1.9 m.
	Cupboard This piece of furniture has a connecting strip with the rigidity and strength of its body: It is mounted on longitudinal spans with shelves. In this case, the drawer side is placed horizontally on the back of the cabinet. It connects the uprights and side panels of furniture to each other. In addition, the drawer can be mounted at drawers cabinet. In this case, it is needed to support them in an even position. It should be noted that the absence of connecting strips in the cabinet will lead to the fact that its body is deformed and skewed. Some unscrupulous manufacturers do not install drawers on their products, thus saving raw materials and trying to reduce the cost of furniture.

Furniture doors, as well as interior counterparts

It is worth mentioning the doors separately. After all, they can be both part of the furniture (when it comes to wardrobes), and separate element premises.

For all types of doors, drawers are necessary to give them additional strength. These elements are two pairs of strips. One of them is oriented horizontally, and the other is oriented vertically.

The materials of manufacture are selected:

• coniferous or deciduous wood species;

The inner section, which connects the slats to each other, can be made from any facing material... In fact, this part of the door is a decorative insert. The more the drawers are installed, the stronger and more rigid the door frame will be.

For completeness appearance the frame and filling of the door can be decorated:

• laminate;
• natural veneer;
• polyvinyl chloride coating;
• several layers of paint.

Advantages of doors with drawers:

1. Increased structural strength and reliability.
2. Convenience phased installation and ease of further repairs.
3. Missing seams on the finish and joints of parts.
4. Aesthetic appearance.
5. When changing elements of its frame, the appearance of the door changes. This situation plays into the hands of those who regularly change the design of their home on their own, thereby saving finances.

Self-assembly

Often, users undertake to do their own simple items furniture, such as a stool, table, or chair. Indeed, there are no complex elements in their design, and the work is not very laborious.

Here you need to take into account that all furniture elements must be correctly made:

1. To make a simple stool or chair, you need to prepare four interconnecting strips.
2. If you choose a hard wood for this, the piece of furniture will last a long time.

1. The dimensions of each element depend on the expected dimensions of the stool, table or chair. Based on this, it is extremely important to determine in advance what the length and width of the piece of furniture will be.
2. Corner trims for furniture legs must be cut at an angle based on its specific design features. This should be taken into account when assembling the item. In addition, it is important to consider at what angle its supports will be fixed.

1. It is necessary not only to do the job correctly, but also to correctly choose the material for assembling furniture, as well as elements of the lifting mechanism (if provided).

When you select furniture in a salon or place an order for its assembly, take a closer look at the quality of performance of its individual parts. Reliability, durability, comfort and service life of a household item depend on this.

Output

Tsarga - important element bed frame, as well as any other cabinet furniture. It connects the elements of the object with each other. Thanks to this, the structure becomes more robust, reliable and durable.

If you have any questions, then voice them in the comments. Hereby I say goodbye and success in your endeavors.

A lot of toxic impurities remain in the moonshine obtained by an ordinary moonshine still. The most important task is to get rid of toxic substances that bring many problems to a person, for example, a hangover syndrome.

By modernizing the moonshine still, you can dramatically improve the quality of alcohol. For example, using the tsarga (it can be ordered separately from the distillation still on our website).

The tsarga is a structural unit that helps to cleanse moonshine from toxic substances. The drawer for the moonshine still will help to improve your unit (distiller) into a real unit for making moonshine of the highest quality.

Distillation in Latin means - dripping. With this chemical reaction such world famous alcoholic drinks like cognac, schnapps, whiskey and moonshine. Distilling mash in moonshine stills is the process of separating moonshine from water with various impurities. And the tsar for the moonshine still increases the degree of purification of the obtained moonshine tenfold, which makes this set a full-fledged rectification column. When using a drawer, distilling moonshine, it is possible to get 96% alcohol .. These models have an optimal drawer length of 40 cm, a diameter of 6.5 cm, which will provide a 60-fold degree of purification of alcohol vapors, and the dimensions allow you to fit under a kitchen hood.

If a moonshine still with a vertical sidebar is already available or is planned for purchase, then you need to take care of filling the inner cavity of the sidebar with a nozzle. In the purchased device, an ordinary metal household sponge is used as it, which is not expensive, it is easy to purchase it in any household goods store and replace it. It must precipitate phlegm, heavy harmful impurities condense on the filler of the tsargi, do not enter the selected moonshine, only light pure alcohol vapors pass through. If you do not want to periodically change these inexpensive, but eventually failing washcloths, then it makes sense to purchase a Panchenkov nozzle. Its material is stainless steel. The packing is made of spiral-prismatic thin wire coils that are good at precipitating phlegm. Such a nozzle does not have to be measured, it is enough just to periodically rinse it. Panchenkov's nozzle was developed specifically for the chemical and oil refining industries, and later successfully borrowed by amateurs to make moonshine at home. Such a tsarga for a moonshine still with a chemically inert substance in it will give purified alcohol.

Purifying alcohol vapors only with a dry steam generator, it is impossible to obtain a product of high quality and strength. It is rectification that will make it possible to do this.

One set of Panchenkov's attachments (length 150cm, width 10cm) is enough to fill the vertical side of the apparatus of our store. The mesh is laid in the tsargo 3mya ru

Lons of 50 cm

Drawer for moonshine still, inside view

If a moonshine still with a rectifying device is made, then you need to take care of a good filling (packing) of the tsargi. In a simple purchased device, an ordinary metal household sponge, cut into pieces, is usually used as it. She must precipitate phlegm. It would be better to change such a nozzle (filling) to a spiral-prismatic one. Its material is stainless steel. The packing is made of spiral-prismatic thin wire coils that are good at precipitating phlegm. Such a tsarga for a moonshine still with a chemically inert substance in it will give purified alcohol. Ceramic filling is also used. This material is also inert. Purifying alcohol vapors only with a dry steam generator, it is impossible to obtain a product of high quality and strength. It is rectification that will make it possible to do this.

On the price and appearance of a simple rectification device

Receiving rectified alcohol with a strength of 96 degrees at home, you can make different liqueurs with tinctures. An alcoholic product of high alcohol concentration will make it possible to obtain such a device as a tsar for a moonshine still (with a reflux condenser). Its price is from one to several thousand rubles. In appearance, it is a tube. It can be filled with both stainless steel and copper. Can be sold without filling at all. The diameter of such a tube is usually 38 to 50 mm. It can even be filled with glass beads to precipitate reflux. Will work.

About homemade

For self-made drawers come in handy a stainless steel tube with a diameter of an inch. You can connect it to the distillation cube through an adapter by cutting a thread. A sieve is also placed in the adapter to hold the bulk. We also need a dephlegmator, which is fixed on top of the tsar. You will get a rectification column. Its height can be more than a meter. You can distill the mash into alcohol without a reflux condenser. In this case, the upper end of the drawer side is connected to the coil. Raw alcohol will go to the exit.

A drawer for a moonshine still is a device that is well known to moonshiners, if, of course, they monitor the quality of the product and its strength. What is the tsar for and why is this device in demand? The device helps to significantly improve the quality of products, to cleanse them of harmful impurities and oils.

Moonshine still with tsarga

During the fermentation process, various substances are formed in the mash, in addition to alcohol. It is these substances that are extracted during distillation using various devices for alcohol purification. The purified moonshine is collected and consumed, but there is always a desire to rid the drink of the remnants of the fuselage and increase its strength. It was for this that the king was invented.

Functions and structural features

The drawer for the moonshine still is a pipe, the length of which is of decisive importance. If in the moonshine still the length of the tsar is 15 centimeters, then it will help to make the moonshine 20 times cleaner. If you use a pipe with a length of at least 45 centimeters, then it will help to purify alcohol 60 times and, as a result, get alcohol with a strength of 96 degrees.

Such a fortress is considered ideal, since it is impossible to obtain alcohol with a strength of 100 degrees at home. This requires special equipment, which is in laboratories and compliance with certain conditions.

Various devices are used to purify moonshine, but, perhaps, the ratification tsar is one of the most effective.

The main functions of the device:

1. Helps increase alcohol strength.
2. The use of tsargi helps to cleanse the drink from fusel oils and other substances of little use.
3. Helps to obtain alcohol with a strength of 96 degrees.

What a tsarga is, is clear from the description of its appearance, but in fact it is not just a tube with a diameter of several inches, but a device that resembles a filter, it traps vapors and helps to significantly purify alcohol.

With the help of the tsargi, you can strengthen the existing equipment in order to obtain high quality moonshine, which will not have bad smell and taste.

But since the structure of the drawer is similar to a filter, it can become clogged. This will affect the quality of alcohol, but it is almost impossible not to notice the malfunction. In order for the device to work correctly again, it is necessary to remove it and clean it, replace some parts.

Buying a tsar is a simple matter, finding such devices is not difficult, but you can make a pipe for cleaning with your own hands, there is nothing complicated about it. But before taking on the tools, you should familiarize yourself with the principle of the device.

How does it work?

A drawer for a moonshine still is somewhat similar to a dry steamer, since the principle of operation of these devices is identical. The reflux process is the condensation of vapors with different boiling points. As a result of the higher productivity of the drawer side, it is considered to be more efficient.

The purification of alcohol is only possible if there is a counterflow of vapors. It is the backflow of vapors that helps to clear the drink from the booze and increase its strength.

Drawer for moonshine still

To make it clearer how the device works, it is worth imagining a moonshine equipped with a tsarga, the essence of which is as follows:

• The vapor stream turns into condensate and gradually flows out of the drawer head.
• Vapors move towards condensation, but the slower this happens, the better. The speed depends on the size of the pipe.
• Condensate, or phlegm, feeds the vapors.
• Heat exchange does not allow stopping the process and stopping the purification of alcohol.

If it is still not clear why the tsarga should be used, then it is worth explaining that the device is used to enrich phlegm with alcohol-containing vapors. For the same purpose, the devices are supplied with dry steam tanks and condensers.

In fact, traps for alcohol can also partially replace the tsarga - they pull out ethanol residues from the vapors that cannot be separated.

Alcohol traps, additional condensers and a steam chamber can affect the cost of the drawer. Additional filters not only make the moonshine cleaner, but also regularly clog up with particles different sizes... This is a lot of hassle. If the device gets heavily clogged during the distillation of the mash, it can explode together with the moonshine still.

For this reason, distillers are cool with those models that are equipped with additional modules and differ in design complexity.

Having figured out how the device works, you can start making it. Consider the most primitive tsarg, which, however, can be supplemented with various modules and increase its efficiency.

Do it yourself: lessons of skill

The moonshine still has a number of advantages - its work is considered more efficient due to the fact that it is possible to distribute the drink into fractions. The cleaning process is slower, which allows you to rid the moonshine of impurities, to take away the "heads" and "tails".

To start making the device, you need to stock up on raw materials.

What you need:

1. A pipe, preferably made of of stainless steel, since this particular material is resistant to solvents, alcohols and oils. Other metals can oxidize during the distillation of moonshine and contact with various substances, which cannot be said about stainless steel. The length of the pipe is 35–45 centimeters, and it is she who will become the basis for the adaptation.
2. You will also need a conductor, it will be used as an attachment to the limiter.
3. A sieve with holes, it is advisable to choose a sieve that will not differ large size mesh. It is recommended to give preference to the smallest.
4. You will also have to buy about 30 washcloths, they should be made of stainless steel. Such washcloths are in the household department of any supermarket.
5. You will also need a probe from a digital thermometer and an elastic band from a medical dropper.

The tsarga will have to be made in several stages, the principle of operation will be as follows:

• The first thing to do is to pick up the pipe and attach a conductor to it, it should be located at the top of the pipe. The adapter should be 1 inch.
• The pipe should then be turned over and positioned at the bottom of the pipe with another 3.5-inch adapter.
• And after the conductor is installed, we attach the distiller in the upper part.
• Then it is worth measuring 3.5 centimeters from the bottom of the pipe and drilling a hole in the pipe. The hole should be 6 millimeters wide, it is advisable to strictly observe the proportions.
• Install a probe in the hole, which is equipped with a digital thermometer. And to fix the probe, it is worth pulling an elastic band from a medical dropper on top of it.
• Then it is worth shoving a stainless steel washcloth into the pipe, and attach a sieve to the bottom of the drawer side.

When the device is ready, it is worth checking out. To do this, you will need home brew or ready-made moonshine, which requires additional cleaning. If the process of making the device did not deviate from the scheme and everything was done correctly, then after distillation you can notice that the alcohol has become cleaner, the smell has disappeared and the taste has changed, and at the same time the strength of the drink has increased.

The tsarga is a fairly simple device. But if there are no skills in the design of moonshine stills and rectification pipes, then it is better to buy a device in a store, since the desire to do everything with your own hands can lead to a loss of time and money.

The frame of the furniture has various elements, each of which has its own purpose and name. Most of the structural elements have rather simple names, you can easily guess from the name which part of the frame is in question. Also, among these elements there are names that few people know, one of these elements is the king. It is not surprising, because most likely this word is borrowed from German language"Zarge" is a frame.

What is a king?

We have already figured out why this element of the furniture frame has such an unusual name, now we will figure out which element in the furniture design is called the tsar and what is its purpose. To better understand this, we need a photo of the furniture, on which we can see the tsar.

Tsarga- This is the upper connecting bar located between the legs of a table, bed, chair or other furniture. Its purpose is to strengthen the frame, due to the additional fastening of furniture parts with their ends.

Not all tables have a drawer in their design, this is due to the fact that design features some tables do not imply the presence of four legs, which means there is nothing to fasten. The presence of four legs also does not guarantee the presence of a fastening strip between them, but still if we consider the classic wooden table, then it is present there. Let's look at the photo above where it is located and how it looks. The drawer is located directly under the table top of the table, between its legs, if there is an additional strip at the bottom of the legs, it is called a slip.

The bed can have four, three or two connecting strips. The number of fittings will depend on the presence of one (headboard), two backs or their complete absence. Unlike a table, bed frame and other upholstered furniture can be hidden under the upholstery. Sometimes, in order to collect new bed it is enough just to fix the drawers between the head of the bed and the headboard.

The bar is located directly under the seat and is fixed between the two armrests, if the sofa is angular, then the element is attached to another part of the furniture. The straight sofa has one drawer side, almost always upholstered in fabric. Sofas and armchairs have the highest drawer side, unlike other furniture. The deformation of the drawer side is the reason why the sofa sags; in such situations, it is necessary to replace the bar with a new one.

Tsarga of chairs

The photo shows a chair, the legs of which are fixed with planks in two places. Among these reinforcing elements, only the upper planks that form the frame under the seat are called tsarga. The elements located below, between the legs of the chair, are called pads.

At the time of this writing, even Wikipedia did not give an exact answer to the question "What is a furniture frame?" After reading this article, you should easily understand what kind of structural element and easily identify it in cabinet and upholstered furniture.