Installing the pump in the well is a very important process, from the correctness and quality of the execution of which the duration is normal and uninterrupted work equipment. Installing the pump for the well is made after the drilling and surface equipment of the well or well is completed.

Most often on country areas Not much space, so the drilling of the well prefers digging the well. The well itself does not take up much space, which cannot be said about the well, which is a huge advantage.

Water supply from the well can be carried out using the installation. In order to ensure the rise of water from the well, the installation of a downhole pump will be required. In order to install the submersible pump with your own hands, you need to know the features of the work and equipment connection.

The main characteristic properties of the submersible pumping equipment The following are:

• the ability to create water pressure at the level on which its optimal removal from the well and supply to the water supply system is ensured;
• high duration of uninterrupted operation;
• cylindrical shape of the case, which provides certain convenience during the installation process;
• some models are capable of pumping out of a well, which has impurities in the form of sand and clay, such devices are made of materials that have high wear resistance.

Deep pumping equipment is different good quality manufacture and high degree of reliability. These qualities allowed these devices to win high popularity and become popular with the owners country houses and country sites.

If the pump is stuck in the well, then pull it out without damaging the device itself, it is quite difficult, without serious costs ...

Selection of pump equipment for well

The choice and installation of the well pump depends on the large number of factors:

• equipment location;
• required pressure;
• the coefficient of water pressure loss due to the occurrence of technological friction in the pipeline;
• the magnitude of the pressure difference when it is turned off and on;
• reliability of equipment;
• convenience of operation;
• cost of equipment.

For utility farm and autonomous water supply country house or cottage plot Submersible pumps are selected according to the following parameters:

• dimensions;
• power available power supply;
• performance;
• cost.

The main technical criteria for wells:

• the depth of dive, which is measured in meters, the value of this parameter characterizes the height to which water should lift the deep pump;
• the volume of water that enters the well in an hour is the indicator characterizing the flow rate, is measured in cubic metersIn accordance with this criterion, power is selected.

Performance should not exceed the productivity of the well with the simultaneous sufficiency of the capacity of the equipment to raise water to the height.

Reliability and durability of functioning depth equipment First of all depends on the correctness of the installation in the well.

If there is a neglighteous volume of knowledge and skills, you can connect a well pump yourself. For installation, with your own hands, it is necessary to thoroughly examine the methods and technologies for installation work and connectivity.

Each model has its own features of the connection. For this reason, the manufacturer to the pump is made by the installation scheme. Connection diagram contains consistent installation instructions and connecting equipment to the power grid.

When you hold the connection, it is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's instruction. This will avoid difficulties and errors in installing the pump and breakage during operation.

Preliminary installation work

Before lowering the pump in the well, all its parameters should be measured. Basic technical parameters are:

• depth;
• statistical and dynamic water level.

If everything is clear with the depth and width at once, what is the statistical and dynamic levels of water, not everyone knows. These terms are most often known to professionals.

Dynamic potential affects the power of the instrument used and determines which volume of the water of the well is capable of issuing per unit of time.

The statistical indicator indicates which minimum height pumping is capable of raising water. It indicates the distance from the ground surface to the water level.

Before installing the pump in the well, determine how often the pump will be used. If frequent use is assumed, then it makes sense to bring a stationary power line for pumping equipment. With irregular use, the extension can be used to power the equipment.

When connecting the extension, it should be borne in mind that the power consumption of the device is quite high, so the conductor wire must have a suitable cross section to prevent overheating and, as a result, closure and fire.

Rules for installation work

In order for the device to serve for a long time, when it is installed, you must comply with the connection technology. Before carrying out all installation operations, it is required to compare the technical characteristics of the pump with the characteristics of the well on their compliance with each other.

After comparison, the characteristics should be worried about ensuring the equipment of the power supply. Depending on the pump model, one-phase or three-phase current may be required. Before the installation of the submersible pump, it will be necessary to prepare the following tools:

• insurance cable;
• kit for creating a head board;
• clamps made of stainless steel;
• hose;
• pND pipe;
• a set of necessary fittings;
• gate having a ball design.

Cable and hose should be prepared for such a length so that it is enough for the entire depth of the well.

Additionally, during the installation, the voltage stabilizer will be required. This is due to the high sensitivity of the equipment to the voltage drops on the network.

If necessary, it is necessary to extend the power cable. To connect the pieces of cable to each other with soldering, it is required in order to improve the electrocontact between the cable pieces.

When building a cable, the wires should be carefully combined according to their color.

The ball valve is installed at the outlet of the pipe from the well and is used to adjust the stream.

It should be remembered that in the absence of water in the well, the inclusion of the device into the power grid is prohibited.

Installation of equipment in the well

Before connecting, checking the casing for irregularities, narrowings and curvatures is carried out. All identified defects affect the functioning of the device and complicate the installation of the pumping machine.

Before installing the well pump, the well must be cleaned and pump.

On video installation of a well depth pump in the PVC casing tube:

The pump installation can be carried out only after the preparatory work. In the process of connecting the pump, if the check valve is not provided in its design, it is recommended to be installed independently.

For convenience, the hose, the power cable and the safety cable are connected together using an insulating tape. To seal well on the surface, the headband is installed to which the safety cable is mounted, and the pipe and power cable are displayed out.

Connecting pipes is carried out without the use of threaded compounds, which reduces the level of impact on the elements of the design of corrosion processes, damaging metal structural elements.

When choosing a pump for a cottage or country house, you want it to be simple, reliable, economical, convenient and most importantly - cheap. This is exactly the pump vibrating submersible, which is paid to many daches first. With the help of such a pump you can water the garden, pump water from the basement or open reservoir, take water from the well. In this article we will focus in detail on how the vibration pump is arranged and how it works. These knowledge will give us the opportunity to figure out where the pump of this type will show itself in best of sightand where it is not worth using it. Low price Vibration pumps invariably attract buyers, but it will also be important to pay attention to the characteristics and parameters of the aggregate. And even though they are unpretentious in service, still have weaknesses.

The inner device of the vibration pump is quite simple, just a few basic elements that determine the specifics of the unit operation.

1. Power element pump. It is an electromagnet that consists of a P-shaped core. The core of the magnet is taken from plates of electrical steel and wound with winding, with an insulating varnish coated. Core flood epoxy resin With quartz sand and is in the power of the pump. The magnet is fixed by the resin, which also isolates the winding, preventing them from contact with water, the sand is needed to improve heat removal.
2. Vibrator It consists of the second part of the P-shaped magnet, on which the rod is fixed. From the reverse side of the stock, the shock absorber is fixed - rubber washer. The productivity and efficiency of the entire unit depends on the quality of the shock absorber. The shock absorber is a plastic remote clutch, based on it, this clutch isolates the pump chamber into which water is recruited, from the electrical part. Inside the coupling there is a diaphragm that sends and fixes the rod.
3. Digging camera For water, which is later squeezed out of this chamber in the pipeline through channels 11.
4. Suction chamber. Here comes water from the source.
5. Shock absorberwhich is sometimes protected by a metal ring.
6. Washers. If you add and reduce the amount of washers, you can adjust the stroke of the piston, and accordingly the performance.
7. Stock. There are models of vibration pumps, in which the rod is slightly longer and acts into the suction chamber. In this chamber inside the cast ears in the form of a guide ring, by which the rod goes. This design slightly increases the pump performance, since the movement of the rod is limited and its displacement in the transverse direction is minimized.
8. Check valves. In this case, there are rubber mushroom inserts. Through the reverse valve, the water enters the inside of the suction chamber, but does not exit back, since the valve closes when squeezing the piston. It is very important that the check valve is elastic and in good condition, since otherwise Or when polluted garbage, it will not be tightly closed when squeezed by the piston, and part of the water will go back to the source.
9. Nutfixing and fixing piston.
10. Rubber piston He is the most important working part, most often failing. Dirty water quickly destroys.
11. Channels for water removal in pipeline. With increasing pressure in the injection chamber, the water is squeezed through the channels into the pipeline.

From all parts of wear is subject to rubber piston and check valves, if the water is dirty. The remaining elements and parts are rather durable, although unnecessary vibrations can significantly accelerate their failure.

Principle of operation of the vibration pump

The vibration pump is operating due to the pressure change in the pump inlet chamber. Water seats in the suction chamber is provided by reciprocating movements of the rubber diaphragm / piston.

If we consider in more detail, it looks like this. When the unit is included in electric networkThe coil winding is supplied to the coil and the magnetic field is formed around. As a result, the coil of the P-shaped core (1) is magnetized and attracts the vibrator (2) - the coil located in the pumping chamber.

As a result, the rubber piston / diaphragm (10) through the rod (7) bends inside and pulls up closer to the pumping chamber, therefore a vacuum is created in the suction chamber (4), the pressure is reduced. The space of the suction chamber is filled with water, which is suitable through the check valves (8) from the source.

The essence of the alternating current is such that for some moment the magnetization disappears, the rod (7) is discarded back using the shock absorber (5). The piston begins to put pressure on the water inside the suction chamber, the pressure rises there. Since the check valves (8) are closed with water pressure, it does not remain anything else, how to rush into the pumping chamber (3).

When the magnetization appears again and the rod is delayed back along with the piston, the pressure and water increases in the injection chamber and the water is displaced along the channels (11) to the pipeline. At the same time, in the suction chamber there is a vacuum and injection of water from the source.

Such tacts - magnetization / demagnetization - occur with a frequency of 100 times per second. Return-translational movements of the rod, in fact, are vibrations, for which this species The pumps were called "vibration".

How can I use submersible vibration pump

The design of vibratory pumps is quite simple, so they do not require a special relationship and are unpretentious aggregates. They do not need to be lubricated in them, since there are no rotating parts and bearings. The mechanism is practically not heated when working, therefore, parts are wearing less. Vibration pumps freely pump alkaline water, not afraid of mineral salts in water and can operate at any temperatures ambient. Everything speaks about the reliability of the unit, but still let's think about what.

Vibrations that make water bend from the source, and then move to the pipeline, can act destroying. Actually, any vibrations act destructively. Under the influence of vibrations, what should not move, but should be static. Knowledge of this particular property and determines where the vibration pumps can be installed, and in what cases cannot be used.

Using a vibration pump:

• Pull the water from the well, which just dug up or when it is necessary to inspect the aquifer keys or clean it.
• Serve water from a well for life.
• Serve water from an open water source - rivers, lakes, pool, artificial reservoir.
• Water supply from tank - tank, tanks, etc.
• Pull the water from the flooded room, trenches, basement, pit and dr.

Perhaps you noticed that in this list there is no usual option when the vibration pump is used to supply water from the well. Pump submersible vibration reviews leaves a variety of. Some say that they have a Babe vibration pump standing in the well for 10 years and works perfectly well, and others have become unusable for others, and the foundation of the house collapsed.

Is it possible to use a vibration pump in the well

Understanding the processes occurring inside the well helps to correctly pick up the submersible pump for it. It also becomes clear why vibrating pumps cannot be used.

Imagine a well in which the immersion pump of vibration type is. Water will dig out from the well until it is there. When the water becomes little, the sand will begin to rise and will be sucking the pump along with water. As a result, at the exit - dirty water with sand. But it is enough to turn off the pump and give water to stand up like sand settles, and again it becomes normal. And what about the well?

The pipe along which water rises from the well is lowered to the aquifer itself and at the end has a mesh filter with a shallow cell. This filter delays small fractions that are sucked together with water, and prevents them from entering the pipeline. In the process of operation around mesh filter A cone from the sand of various fractions is formed. In calm state, this cone is actually an additional filter that does not pass suspended particles inside the pipe.

What happens if you lower the vibration pump in the well?As soon as the pump turns on, the cone will start moving. A peculiar separation of the breed occurs: large particles rise up the cone, and small dusty sand pieces fall down - to the filter itself. You can observe a similar picture, if you simply affect the vibration on bulk breeds - they simply begin to "swim".

If the small sand particles are the same size as small filter cells, the filter will break, and the flow of water will decrease - they say the debit of well decreased.

If small sand particles turn out to be less than the filter cells, then dust particles penetrate the pipe and fill it. This can lead to two results:

1. Sand will rise together with suction water and the exit will be water with sand. In this case, they say "the well sand".
2. The sand completely scores the pipe and pump. In this case, they say "the well stunned."

The term "rolled" in this case is not appropriate, of course, but it is used, since the word is simple and memorable. More correctly called the process "Colmation filter with dust sand".

But it does not change the essence, as a result of Colmation, the owner will inevitably be serious problems. The best way - He will get to raise the vibrating pump upstairs and clean it, and then call specialists to clean the well. The worst option - the pump is finally stuck, and the well will not work to exploit, it will turn into a useless hole in the ground.

Not always everything can end so sad. Much depends on the structure of the soil in the well. The smaller the particles are, the easier, they break off from the scene and rush to the filter, drought by the stream.

Everything positive reviews The operation of the vibration pump in the well is associated with the fact that the soil breed represents a lack of sand, quartz or even stone fractions. Then the particles of rocks do not penetrate the filter, and accumulate around it.

If the breed is a soup or fine-grained sand, then the well will be "pebble" until the pump is broken.

The vibrating submersible price is the lowest among all pumps. In comparison with the centrifugal pump, the difference can be 300 - 500%. If the vibration pump "River" or "Baby" can be purchased for 30 - 40 cu, then the centrifugal will cost no cheaper than 80 - 150 cu. Exactly low cost seduces many risks and install a vibrationman in the well. But is this risk justified? After all, in addition to the fact that the filter on the pipe can be clogged, the breeds of the wells begin to collapse and move under the action of vibrations, and it will end it can collapse of the entire well, and sometimes the foundation of the house if the well is located nearby.

But the vibration of the pump can be used and with good well. New just drilled wells develop and increase their debit with vibratory pumps. Destruction of breeds from vibrations plays in this case in our favor. But only a specialist should produce such work.

Characteristics and parameters of vibratory pumps

Choosing a pump, you need to pay attention to its characteristics.

Performance - main parameter any pump. It is necessary to select it with such a calculation so that it does not exceed the debit of the source. Usually, the performance of vibration pumps is divided into three categories: low - 360 l / h, the average - 750 l / h, high - 1500 l / h, but there are models and 2000 - 3000 l / h.

Water lift height - highly an important indicator. Since the water source is located on the removal from the consumer, it is necessary to calculate what pressure should provide a pump so that the water pressure in the consumer was normal. To calculate, it is necessary to fold the depth of the pump setting, the distance from the ground to the mirror, add the length of the pipeline and throw another 20% losses. Minimal pressure, which provide vibration pumps - 40 m, most often use those models that feed water by 60 m, more powerful models are less common - up to 80 m.

Immersion depth All vibration pumps are the same - 7 m.

External diametermaybe from 76 mm to 106 mm. If you plan to use the unit in the well, its diameter should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the casing.

Location of water intake in the pump - on top or bottom - very important. If the water intake is located on top of the pump, then it will not suck sand from the bottom of the source. Place such a pump is necessary 30 cm above the bottom.

If the water intake is located below, then suction of sand and other small particles can not be avoided. Such models can be used to pump well, for pumping dirty water from the well, basement or trench. Place the unit must be 100 cm above the bottom.

Important! Vibrating pumps with lower water intake can overheat if the pump remains without water. Therefore, many do not recommend using them. In fact, it is important to buy a pump with thermal protection, regardless of where the water intake is.

Thermopower- overheating protection in case emergency situation, for example, if the piston is crossed or a voltage jump occurs. Also dangerous "dry stroke" of the pump. In all cases, the core coil overheats, and damage can occur as with a short circuit. In the models of vibratory pumps with the top fence of water thermal protection, it is suitable, it serves that it serves that the unit of the unit is under water, which always cools it, but only if the pump is immersed completely into water. In the vibration pumps "Kid" of the Moscow plant with a lower water fence, a somewhat more perfect mechanism of thermal protection, as soon as the core winding overheats, the pump is disabled and turned on again only after it becomes cooled.

Weak seats of submersible vibration pumps

Despite the simple design and principle of work, as well as unpretentiousness in service, yet the vibration pump has weak places about which it is worth knowing.

• Do not like idle / dry stroke. If the pump model is not equipped with a thermal protection, then even 5-30 seconds of work is enough enough that the winding overheated and damaged. And this is when immersing the pump into the water, if the pump is not omitted into the water and turn on, then damage can be several times more.
• Threaded compounds are promoted. Under the action of vibration, the thread fastening the piston and check valves is spinning. It will not be superfluous immediately after buying a vibration pump to replace all standard nuts on self-locking.
• Corrosion bolts housing. As shows the demonstrating pump vibrating submersible photo, its body is made of aluminum, but for some reason the fastening bolts for some reason, rust. Even the coating zinc is not able to protect them from the effect of water. After buying, they must be replaced with non-ferrous metals bolts.

• Rubber pump parts are rapidly wearing under the influence of sand and small particles. As a result, the performance and efficiency of the pump fall. You can fight such a misfortune to consolidate metal grid on the suction hole of the pump.
• Quite often even in new pumps Check valve is fixed enough Or the opposite is too much. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the mount. To do this, dropping the pump into the water, it is necessary to check how it opens and adjust the nuts or at the same way - to replace the self-locking.
• Sensitivity to voltage drops. The voltage drop is only 10% reduced pump performance by 2 times. For example, if the pump can supply water 40 m in height, then at a voltage of 200 V, it will be able to raise only 20 m. The increase in the same voltage increases the pressure, but at the same time the load on the mechanical nodes and the pump parts is also increasing. For example, the rod beating appears, as a result of which the wear of the rubber piston / the diaphragm and rod increases. Therefore, the vibration pump is necessary to use the voltage stabilizer.

What vibrating pump is better

On the market you can meet models of vibration pumps of Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian and Chinese manufacturers. All of them are quite high-quality, although they have a number of differences. But the foreign models from Italy and Germany are difficult to meet, they are practically not taken. The reason is simple - the market is saturated with domestic goods, which sufficiently satisfies the needs of buyers.

The pump vibrating submersible value is stable and the price range is small from 30 to 50 cu. And practically does not depend on the manufacturer.

The most demanded in the CIS. He gained enviable fame and reputation as a reliable unit. Pumps with the name "Kid" Different factories are produced, among which "AEC Dynamo" (Moscow) and "Electric Motor" (Baleva). The characteristics of these pumps must be clarified, as you can meet the Babe vibration pump with an upper water intake, and you can also with the bottom. But such an important detailAs thermal protection, all the models of "kids" are equipped, which served as a guarantee of their reliability and durability.

Popular no less "baby". These models are made with an upper water fence and possess a pressure of 60 m. They produce them several different plants: the product of OJSC Livgidromash (Russia) is called "River Tekra", but the product of JSC Technopribor (Belarus) is called "Peres 1". And as tests show, they have different characteristics. For example, "Rouh" Russian raises water at 50 m of 598 l / h, and the Belarusian "River 1" is only 30 m and 300 l / h.

Ukrainian production is somewhat more expensive than their fellow (50 cu). The lineup The aggregates of this manufacturer are quite wide and diverse, so you can choose a pump for any needs: with pressure of 90 - 100 m, with a capacity of 1500 l / h, with two check valves. Absolutely, all models of Ukrainian "Aquarius" are equipped with thermal protection. Please note that the Russian product with the same name is significantly inferior in the characteristics and opportunities of Ukrainian.

When choosing a submersible vibration pump, in addition to the main characteristics, you should pay attention to small structural trifles that facilitate its operation. For example, a long cable in a solid rubber winding / insulation will allow you to use the pump at any temperature. The length of the electrical cabin should be such that without any problems bring the plug to the socket. Also important will be comfortable threaded connections and the presence of a universal adapter, which allows you to connect the standard water pipe 25 mm or 19 mm.

Pump Vibrating Submersible - Video Instructions for Repair

In order to effectively solve such tasks as a pumping with big depth And feeding into the system of autonomous water supply water, it is necessary to understand the device of the submersible pump for the well. The use of such pumps allows you to pump water from wells whose depth reaches 80 meters. In this article, we consider how the submersible pump works, which categories are divided and how to choose such a device.

Types of pumping equipment for pumping liquid media

The main purpose of the deep pumps is the pumping of the liquid medium from the underground source and its further transportation along the pipeline system under a certain pressure. Hydromachines this type Equip various systemswhich, in particular, includes systems of autonomous water supply and drainage, irrigation systems, etc.

Depending on the scope of application, deep pumps may relate to:

• devices industrial purposewhich, at the expense of high power, are able to raise liquid pumped with them from depth reaching up to 1000 meters (such equipment is characterized by significant sizes and is used in various industries);
• submersible pumps domestic destinationapplicable to ensuring the effective operation of autonomous water supply systems of country houses and cottages, as well as for the functioning of irrigation systems (submersible pumps of this type are characterized by compact sizes and sufficiently high power).

According to the installation scheme in the well, rod and basic submersible pumps are distinguished. To the devices of the second type, in particular, relate pump installations with electrical centrifugal pumps (WEZN).

The rod pump is a hydromist, the drive motor of which is located on the surface of the Earth, outside the well, while only its intamine part is immersed in the pumped liquid medium. The rods present in the design of such a device are designed to transfer the thrust generated by the drive electric motor to the intake part.

The drive electric motor of the volatile pumps is located in one case with the intake mechanism and is immersed in the pumped liquid medium with it. Such submersible devices They got the greatest distribution, as they are more comfortable in installation, and in operation.

On various types of immersion pumping equipment is also divided by constructive execution and the principle of action. So, depending on these parameters, the deep pumps of the centrifugal and vortex, or vibration, type are distinguished.

The submersible centrifugal pump is a device, the main working body of which is a wheel with blades, fixed on the shaft rotating using an electric motor. When rotating such a wheel (impeller), the pumped liquid in the inner chamber, under the action of centrifugal force being rendered on it, is discarded to the chamber walls, which contributes to the pushing of the liquid medium into the pressure pipe. At the same time, air is created in the central part of the chamber, due to which the new portion of the pumped liquid is absorbed from the pipe located in the well.

Borehole submersible pump "Djilex"

In order to prevent interior The centrifugal immersion pump of solid inclusions contained in the pumped liquid is used to use such devices in a set with coarse cleaning filters installed on the feed pipe. The most significant disadvantage of centrifugal pumps, which can be operated in year-round mode, is their fairly high cost, if we compare it with the price of vortex type equipment.

Vortex (or vibrating) depth pumps are used in cases where the water is required from a well of a small depth. The principle of operation of this type of devices is that high-frequency oscillations are created in their inner part, which lead the mechanical piston. The latter and ensures the suction of the pumped medium from the feed pipe.

The most significant advantages of the pumps under consideration should be attributed:

• compact dimensions;
• low cost (compared to the price of centrifugal pumps);
• minimum electricity consumption.

Among the minuses of immersion pumps of vortex type usually allocate:

• the destruction of the walls of the well from vibrations (minimize the vibrational effect of the vigor pump on the walls of the well, if we put rubber rings onto its body);
• low power;
• a fairly low productivity of pumping the liquid medium.

Vibration pump for the well "Kid"

Constructive features of deep pumps

The device of the deep pump and its design features are largely determined by the principle of action and the type of drive electric motor of this hydromachine. The fence of the pumped liquid medium using such pumps is carried out using a special pipe placed in a mine serviced well or a well. For the power supply of the drive electric motor, disposed at a certain depth, is responsible electrical cableplaced in a protective shell.

In the device of the well pump centrifugal type, you can highlight two main parts:

• drive electric motor that can be built-in or outdoor;
• directly the pumping part of the equipment itself.

If the pump motor is built-in, it is usually placed at the bottom of the device. The water intake when using the pumps of this type can be carried out both through the upper and the lower part of their housing. Preference in this case gives a fear of the pumped liquid through the lower part of the case, as it allows you to clean the deep part of the well from the sludge in it and sand. Submersible pumping devices, which is very convenient, cooled with the liquid medium in which they are placed. This allows you to protect such devices from overheating capable of quickly leading them into disrepair. The depth pumps of the centrifugal type, although they are more complex in design than vibration devices, are characterized by higher reliability, performance and longer operational period.

The main elements of the design of the vortex submersible pumps are the case, a special glass, drive electric motor and a vibrator. The vibrator in these devices is the most complex structural element consisting of an anchor, rubber shock absorber and adjusting washers. The necessary conditions for the fence of fluid from the well carried out by the vibration pump creates its rubber shock absorber, which in the process of operation of such a device is compressed and squeezed.

A mandatory element of equipment of the submersible pumping equipment is a coarse filter that protects the inner part of the devices from entering it solid inclusions contained in the pumped medium. To ensure more efficient operation of the immersion pumping equipment and ensuring its protection against negative factors, various sensors are used, automatically stopping the pump in the event of freelance situations (too high in the composition of the pumped liquid liquid and sand, reducing the water level in the well, etc.).

Among different species Pumping equipment used to pump water from a well or well, precisely submersible devices are most popular. It is explained by such popularity as a number of advantages of submersible pumps, which should be attributed to:

1. no noise when working;
2. the possibility of ensuring uninterrupted water supply from the well-serviced well;
3. ease of installation;
4. the ability to ensure the supply of water from wells of considerable depth;
5. compact dimensions;
6. no need for additional cooling of the drive motor;
7. anticorrosive properties of materials from which the housing is manufactured.

Without a deep pump, it is practically not to do if the depth of the well, from which the liquid medium has to be pulled out exceeds 10 meters.

When choosing such a device, you should pay attention to such parameters as:

• the total need for water intake points in water should provide a selected pump;
• well characteristics from which water (diameter and depth) have to be pulled out;
• the geological data of the site on which the drilling of the well was made (the depth on which groundwater is located, the type of soil, etc.);
• the presence on the site where the pump equipment is planned to be installed, the power source.

The arrangement of the well is the perfect way to arrange a private "plumbing" on the section of the country house or in the country with the ability to complete the dwelling with water. The quality of the object being created in modern conditions can be provided in winter, in the usual Russia's usual and harsh frosts, and in a warmer summer time of the year.

For this purpose, it is invented, for example, a well adapter, as well as competently functioning and ideally suitable on the site with a home principle of operation of the water supply. The design of the well of the well is not as complicated, as it may seem at first glance, so it can be equipped in a short time.

Principle of operation of the well

Scheme of the design of the well and its standard arrangement

Regardless of your well, the principle of operation of all wells for water is identical and is as follows:

1. After drilling the wall, in order to avoid swinging, strengthen the casing;
2. For the primary purification of water from sand or other solid inclusions, a filter is installed through which water and enters the well;
3. The mouth is sealed by the head board;
4. Pump for water pipes raises water;
5. The water pipe is connected to the water supply, and the well is heated depending on the selected method;
6. Installed equipment for automatic water supply.

Equipment selection

Choosing equipment for the arrangement of your future well - one of the most important stagesso exactly from right choice The quality and life of it will depend. The most important equipment, whose choice should be paid attention to, this is: pump, caisson, wellhead and hydroaccumulator.

Principle of arrangement with caisson or adapter

Cement can be called the main element of the design of the future well. Externally, it resembles a container similar to a barrel and is used to protect equipment from groundwater and freezing

Inside the caisson, you can position all the necessary components for automatic water supply (pressure switch, membrane tank, pressure gauge, various filters Water purification, etc.), thus release the placement of the house from excess equipment.

Metal caisson is manufactured or plastic. The main condition so that it is not subject to corrosion. Cable dimensions typically make up: 1 meter in diameter and 2 meters in height.

In addition to the caisson, you can also use the adapter. It is cheaper and has its own characteristics. Let's look at what to choose a caisson or adapter and what are the advantages of each of them.

1. All additional equipment can be placed inside the caisson.
2. It is better suited for a cold climate.
3. Durable and reliable.
4. Quick access to pump and other equipment.

1. To install it, you do not need to dig a pit.
2. Quick installation.
3. Economically.

Select the caisson or adapter also follows from the type of well. For example, if you have a well on the sand, many experts advise to pay attention to the adapter, since the use of caisson is not always beneficial due to a small life of such a well.

Pump units

One of the key elements of the entire system is the pump. It is fundamentally possible to distinguish three types:

1. Surface pump. It is only suitable if the dynamic level of water in the well will not fall below 7 meters from the ground.
2. Submersible vibration pump. Budget decisionIt is rarely used precisely for the water supply system, as it has a small productivity, moreover, it can destroy the walls of the well.
3. Centrifugal borehole pumps. Profile equipment for water supply systems from a well.

Borehole pumps are widely represented on the market with a large abundance of manufacturers, for every taste and wallet. The selection of the characteristics of the pump occurs according to the well parameters and directly your water recovery system.

Concept construction of borehole pumps: electric motor at the bottom, pumping part - in the upper

It is important to note, in the event of a pump fails, expenses are not only for the purchase of new, but also the rise of the broken out of the well and the installation of purchased back. Therefore, the manufacturer's choice should come with full responsibility.

Hydroaccumulator and relay

The key function of this equipment is to maintain constant pressure in the system and the accumulation of water. The hydroaccumulator and pressure switch control the operation of the pump when the water in the tank ends, the pressure drops in it, which caulates the relay and starts the pump, respectively, after filling the tank, the relay disables the pump. In addition, the hydroaccumulator protects the water supply equipment from the hydroudar.

Hydroaccumulators are horizontal and vertical type

In appearance, the hydroaccumulator is similar to the tank, made in oval form. Its volume, depending on targets, can range from 10 to 1000 liters. If you have a small country house or cottage, the volume of 100 liters will be quite enough.

Hydroaccumulator - accumulates, relay - manages, manometer - displays

Headband for well

For the arrangement of the well also installed the headband. Its main purpose is to protect the well from entering it various garbage and mavel Water. In other words, the headband performs the function of sealing.

Stages of creating and arrangement of the well

The arrangement of the well with their own hands takes place in several stages, allowing to get water on the site. These include the following actions.

Scheme of the wellbore under water

Preparation

The first stage is preparation, when only it is planned to build a well and designate its final principle of operation, and also carry out basic operations.

It is developed, the bottom of which is leveled by sand, the pump is carried out to the water level, which is subsequently connected to the main pipe, the main source that gives water on the plot.

At this stage, an insurance cable is used, after which everything is attached to the ledge of the well along with the creation of the parting; The final trench is laid to the house for creating a convenient water supply in the country where work is underway.

ROOM KOTHLAND for a well. First stage

Mounting work

The second stage is the main installation work. In the first place, the caisson is set, but, if you create a well without caisson, this step varies somewhat, instead of caisson insulating water, an additional adapter for water circuit is installed or the so-called "strapping" is carried out, the comprehensive connection of its entire pump to protect it it from water; By the way, it is a high-quality adapter that is the main trick that allows you to abandon the caisson, everything is attached to hermetically used by the sense

A hydroaccumulator is installed, complemented by pressure switch, after which communication on the pre-prepared tranner is summarized directly to the country, bath, sauna or any other structure where water is needed. A high-quality well can give water not even one dacha, but become a central water supply for several neighboring houses.

Mounting work. Second phase

Let's look at the installation of everything necessary equipment For well

Installation of Kesson

Before starting the installation of the caisson, you should first prepare a pit. Of course, the sizes of the pits should correspond to the gabarites of the purchased capacity. After you immersed the caisson in the pit, only its cover should remain at the ground level.

If there is at the place of the future well groundwaterIt is necessary to provide additional deepening, so if necessary to produce timely pumping.

Only after the Kesson was lowered in the pit and secured it, you can begin to fasten the casing.

Installation of the submersible pump

Submersible pump is the most important element Well and when installing it, it is necessary to take into account some nuances:

1. Before you finally install the pump should be thoroughly clean the well. It must be pumped in such images so that the water does not give the precipitate in the form of sand and other small particles.
2. Specialists recommend installing the pump so that it is completely under water and at the same time the bottom did not touch. The minimum distance of the submersible pump from the bottom of the well must exceed 1 meter.
3. Install the check valve follows the meter from the pump on the water pipe.
4. With the help of special automation and dry stroke sensor, you can protect the pump from work without water.
5. It is important that the cable, thanks to which the pump is attached to the cap cover, was strong and protected from corrosion.

Installation of hydroaccumulator

If you want to provide your uninterrupted water supply area, the installation of the hydroaccumulator is required. This type of equipment can be installed both in the room and in the caisson. System work technology is quite simple. After the pump was turned on, water is supplied to an empty tank. If you have turned on the crane, the water turns directly from the hydroaccumulator directly from the well.

Installation of the hydroaccumulator should be done in such a way as to further provide unhindered access to it. It should also be provided with a check valve and a crane, for overlapping and draining the water.

Finishing settings

The third stage is the final settings that allow you to adjust the operation of the entire system, the optimal pressure is checked and the pump itself is connected directly to the electricity network, the system starts the first time, is tested and in case of finding problems, the pipes and insulation are once again checked for leakage. .

In the event that it is planned to arrange a wellbore with your own hands, it is better not to neglect preparatory work And for advice to refer to experienced and proven professionals who have already received good reviews.

They will help pick up the best place To organize a source of water, as well as recommend the best pump, allowing you to cope with a specific volume of fluid, and the adapter, and also put a point in the question of the need to install the caisson and will help solve many other problems, explaining the principle of work as much as possible.

Required equipment for wellgrading

Among the necessary equipment for creating a well in country house It is sufficient enough a large number of Elements, among whom they have a special place:

1. The pump intended directly to obtain water from the well, as well as the details, without which the pumping of the pump will not be completed.
2. Borehole headband designed for the full sealing of the main casing.
3. Pressure relay, allowing to control the pump and control the status of its operation.
4. Steel cable, necessarily made of stainless material, and necessarily the same stainless cable clamps.
5. PE pipe pipes, necessary for the construction of the water supply system, subsequently used exclusively for economic resources.
6. The feed valve for water transmitting liquid is only in one direction - towards the house or any other structure, for which the private well water supply is created.
7. Nipples, desirable, brass, characterized by carvings at the ends and connecting pipes with each other, as well as other types of fasteners and connections, correctly selected for a specific project.
8. Directly the hydroaccumulator transmitting the volume of the fluid in the desired direction under pressure.
9. Tees that make it possible to create branches from the main pipe of the water pipeline.
10. Pressure gauge, which also allows you to control the water pressure indicator in the pipes.
11. Hoses and cranes, giving the opportunity to send water to the right points of the house.
12. Various consumables, kind of sealant, electrodes and others.
13. Kesson himself, waterproof chamber, protecting devices at a depth of water from the well from the well.
14. Adapter pulling pipes through the main casing The entire well created, as well as an additional adapter required for sealing in case of refusal of caisson.

The largest and most expensive item is a caisson, the rest of the equipment for the most part can be called consumable materials, the number of which depends on the size of the designed system.

Properly organized well will be constant water sources, independent of the season - so even in the winter there will be a constant flow clean waterserving for any purpose and providing comfortable conditions Accommodation in a private house.

In addition to the right organization, a high water level and durability of the use of a well provides competently selected equipment, such as a well adapter, so that it is also worth paying attention to the project.

If the garden can be watered from shallow reservoirs with the help of surface electric pumps, the simplest low-power vibration pumps, submersible drainters, then with a permanent water supply of a country house from a deep well, the situation is different. Wanted high-performance devices capable of removing water from large depths with high pressureAt the same time, their efficiency should be quite high. All these requirements fully satisfy centrifugal submersible electric pumps, most widely used in domestic water supply.

Fig. one Appearance borehole submersible electric pumps

Principle of operation and the device of centrifugal electrics

The main element centrifugal pump It is the engine, hermetically placed in the body of the apparatus, and the impeller in the form of a disc with a unilateral impeller, fixed on its shaft. When working, the fluid is drawn through the inlet of the housing, located in the central part of the impeller, and its radially curved blades pushed it into the periphery. Water is assembled in an ulitko-shaped ring collector and is displaced out through the outlet nozzle under pressure the next flow of water entered into the case.

Fig. 2 Principle of operation of the depth centrifugal type pump

To increase the pressure in the system, several wheels are often used with separate chambers and outputs, called steps, from each of them to the subsequent liquid transmitted with increasing pressure. Centrifugal pumps have a high efficiency and can work with insane water.

Fig. 3 centrifugal water pump device

The device of the submersible pump of a centrifugal type of a standard industrial sample, made according to GOST, is as follows:

1. Case. In the domestic pump, it is made of a steel pipe with thick walls - it gives the unit high rigidity and durability. For massive devices, the rod fastening method is used in the well.
2. The working wheels are designed with dynamic unloading - it led to a decrease in pressure forces on axial bearings, and significantly increased their service life.
3. Centrifugal wheels are made on proprietary technology from durable plastic, reinforced with stainless steel - it increases their resource.
4. Eight-marched bearings are applied to improving sand output from the mechanism.
5. The pump's inlet is closed perforated with a built-in stainless steel filter.
6. Stainless steel and shaft electric enginewhere working wheels are placed.
7. The "Belich region of the cell" of the electric pump rotor is made of copper alloy - it increases the reliability and performance of the operation of the electric motor at large loads.
8. The significant length of the stator and the rotor is designed to increase the reliability of the electric motor, reduce its susceptibility to the fluctuations of the supply voltage, improve the cooling conditions.
9. Self-centered radially stubborn bearing compensates for axial pressure.
10. Winding copper wire The stator with a high-temperature insulating coating (up to 100 seconds) in the form of isolated harnesses is stacked in its grooves, production technology reduces the reaction of the electric motor to the voltage jumps and increases its service life.
11. An inserted check valve prevents the wheel to rotate in the opposite direction, holds water in the system, facilitating the start of the electric motor and preventing the hydrowards.

Fig. 4 scheme of the device of an industrial centrifugal pump for water ETSV

Distinctive features of Grundfos centrifugal electric pumps

The Danish company Grundfos is considered the world leader in the production of pumping equipment, so its products are a guide for any manufacturer and has weighty differences from domestic analogs. On the example of its electronasos, you can show what kind of design should have a good submersible well pump and what functions it should perform. The devices are designed to fence water in a well or well with a significant depth and have the following features:

Fig. 5 Exterior of electric pumps Grundfos

• The housing is made of durable of stainless steel, working wheels and some internal parts from heavy-duty polyamide.
• The modular design of the electric pump includes three components: control electronics, a module with an engine, a centrifugal working wheel module - it allows you to easily disassemble and collect the device.
• The unit is designed to work with clean drinking waterTherefore, material manufacturing material and internal parts does not adversely affect the composition of the water.
• A very durable housing allows you to lower the electric pump to a significant depth, unlike domestic models, oil is not squeezed out of it.

Fig. 6 GRUNDFOS SP and SQE

• The cable winding is made of rubber, manufactured and certified in Germany. The material is designed to operate in drinking water.
• Electric pumps are easy to control - on the CU-301 control unit, you can set the device mode of operation - to change the pressure, stop the pump in the well, during fails in the system on the block the red indicator lights up and the electric pump stops.
• The device of the deep pump includes overload protection - when the water is supplied in the filled system or when clogged pipes Electronasus is turned off.
• The device is equipped with a dry-run protection that turns it off in the absence of water.
• There is protection against electricity surges - the pump enters the emergency mode with their values \u200b\u200bgreater than 315 V. and below 150 V.
• The devices have built-in plastic check valves.

Fig. 7 Electronics Grundfos.

• Built-in pump for well electronic system The smooth start of the engine on permanent magnets reduces the wear of parts and elements of the plumbing system after hydraulic shocks at multiple launches and shutdowns of the electric pump.
• Due to the higher GRUNDFOS efficiency, spend less electricity to lift the same water volume with other pumps. The frequency converter built into the electric pump and control speed of rotation of the working wheels allows you to bring electricity savings to 40% of the standard counterpart.
• The reliability of Grundfos is very high, they can work in wells up to 20 years in the most difficult conditions.
• The principle of operation of the GRUNDFOS SQE submersible pump allows you to change the frequency of the shaft rotation from 65% to 100% - this allows you to adjust the devices individually for each well.

Centrifugal electric pumps are the main devices to ensure the water supply of country houses. In the case of deep wells with severe conditions, the price ratio is quality - the reliability of pumps from the well-known foreign manufacturer can be better than domestic analogs.