Your knife for EDC is so good how good the steel is from which it is made. When the knife steel is high-quality, then the knife will be sharp, it will be good for sharpening and it will not be afraid just like that. But if the quality of steel leaves much to be desired, then such knives are stupid quickly, and break at the most inopportune moment.

Considering that there is great amount knife steelsEach of which has its advantages and disadvantages, becomes much more difficult to choose a suitable knife, which requires a more detailed study of the issue. Therefore, we will tell about several of the most popular materials that are most often used in production. knives for edc..

What do you need to pay attention to in the knob first?

• Hardness and durability. Or rather, the balance of these two qualities. You do not need a blade that can bend under load, as does not need a material that is capable of losing some of its properties.
• Sharpening and ability to keep sharpening. The knife should be sharp and should remain sharp as long as possible. And at the same time you should be able to sharpen it. That is, the balance of two qualities again. Which is largely determined by the amount of carbon in steel.
• Corrosion resistance. Knives from ordinary steel need special care and maintenance. With stainless steel products, the situation is much easier, but they can also rust if they won't receive due attention. Elements such as chrome and vanadium reduce rusting speed knife steelSo pay attention to it.

There is a huge number of different items of materials depending solely from the manufacturer. As a rule, the name of steel partially displays its composition, facilitating the orientation. But this is not always happening. And if the manufacturer is silent about the name of the material, then this is exactly the reason to change your mind to buy this tool.

And now 10 most effective examples good knife steel.

1. 1095 Carbon Steel

1095 Carbon steel - a typical example of conventional steel with a carbon content of 0.95 percent. This allows you to get a rigid blade that perfectly holds the cutting edge. But rust without proper care. So do you pay special attention Lubrication and storage conditions. In addition, the knives of 1095 became usually thick, since it is possible to avoid excessive brittleness of the blade.

2. D2 Tool Steel

This material is used for the manufacture of large industrial instrumentsused for cutting and stamping products from softer steel. Therefore, the instrumental steel D2 is characterized by increased strength and resistance to wear. And a much less leaning to rust. Here are just such heavy and durable knives extremely difficult to sharpen without special equipment.

3. 420hc.

This little old-fashioned high carbon stainless knife steelFrom which classic hunting and gentlemenic knives were manufactured. 420hc is not as strong as some other materials on our list, but perfectly suitable for daily intensive use. Moreover, such knives are extremely easy to sharpen. And almost a non-polished dyshko of a ceramic plate.

4. Sandvik 12C27 / Sandvik 14C18N

Knife steel with an average carbon content (0.6 percent), in which there is also a large admission of chromium. The blades from this material are distinguished by increased wear resistance, as well as resistant to rust. Due to the relatively low carbon content, Sandvik 12C27 may have problems with sharpness, but proper processing and suitable tools allow it to be solved. And Sandvik 14C18N is simply different large quantity Carbon, so a little better holds sharpening.

5. 8CR13MOV.

One of the most common options because it provides quite high performance at a relatively low price. The name 8CR13MOV displays the composition - 0.8 percent of carbon and 13 chromium. This is universal knife steel, Ideally suitable for budget knives. It normally holds sharpening, relatively durable, not rust. There are other variations, but they, at the expense of a smaller amount of carbon, it turns out worse to remain sharp.

6. 440С.

This is stainless knife steel with particularly durable crystal structure and high chromium content. In principle, in steel 440s as much carbon as in 1095, but more chromium content makes it resistant to corrosion. And since it is alloyed steel, it is less fragile than 1095, and wear resistance will be higher. So it is great for folding knivesnot differ in massiveness and dimensions.

7. AUS-8

According to the properties of almost identical to stainless steel 440С, only contains where there is more vanadium in its composition. The material itself is beautiful, but the quality of knives is largely depends on the quality of forging and temperature processing. If you acquire a knife from the steel AUS-8, then make sure the manufacturer is disassembled in the subject. Such knives are both easily sharpened, it is rather quickly blinking, so regularly update the cutting edge so that there are no problems.

8. 154CM.

Further development of the idea of \u200b\u200b440s. Due to the addition of Molybdenum, it turned out to achieve even greater strength and efficiency of sharpening, than in other types of stainless steel. Such knives even sharpen on their own quite easily, which makes the cutting steel 154cm practically the perfect choice As a material for EDC knife.

9. VG-10

VG-10 - high quality knife steel With a high carbon content, which is usually used for the most expensive kitchen knives. And if you add to this more and excellent resistance to rust ... In short, it is quite expensive material, but it costs my money.

10. CPM-S30V / CPM-S35VN

This steel, despite its highest quality, is extremely complex in production due to the use of vanadium carbides. But it is worth it - the CPM-S30V and CPM-S35VN and CPM-S35VN became, like any others know how to keep sharpening. Therefore, they are most often used in the most expensive and high-quality knives.

Knife Steel: Basic brands. Check before buying

➡ Imported knife steel:

● 1095/1080/1070 /.../ 1050 / ...

Ordinary carbon steel used for the manufacture of knives. Country of manufacture - USA. Low corrosion resistance. The number "10" at the beginning of the number indicates that this steel is specifically designed for the production of knives. The last two digits in the room show the amount of carbon - respectively, than it is less - the steel is softer and worse holds sharpening. Steel from this series with low carbon content are used in the manufacture of swords where plasticity is required. 1095 is usually taken for knives. It is used in the production of KA-BAR and COLD STEEL knives. Analogs - our U8, U10A.

● 12C27

Stainless steel, produced in Sweden. Carbon content - 0.6%. Simple and high-quality steel. Unnecessary impurities are absent. Analog - 420ns.

● 15N20.

Tool steel. Country of production - Sweden. Used in the manufacture of damask steel.

● 154cm

59-62 HRC. High-tech stainless steel bearing steel. Country of manufacture - USA. Analog ATS-34. High rigidity. One of the best steels for the knives is quite expensive. Used in the "SpyDerco" and "Benchmade" knives.

● 1770 SS / 1778 SS / 1870 SS

SS - Sweden Standart. A series of good Swedish structural steel.

● 3CR13

Stainless steel, production country - China. This modification of steel grade 440A, hardened to 57 HRC. Used in the production of the knives of the average price range. Also goes to the manufacture of axes.

Composite powder steel for knives. Country of manufacture - Sweden. Carbon content - 1.4%. Indicators of hardness, stiffness, shock viscosity, wear resistance and anti-corrosion resistance - at the highest level.

● 420.

Carbon content 0.5%. The simplest and cheap knife steel. High resistance to corrosion. Soft, badly holds sharpening, but sharpened without problems. Scope - cheap China and various kitchen knives. Analogue - Japanese AUS-4. If there is an inscription type "Stainless", "Inox", "Super-Steel", etc. - then it is most likely to have 420 steel.

● 420J2.

Japanese stainless steel, cheap, usually used in composite alloys, is easy to process. Weak wear resistance. Used in low-cost knives made on endless expanses of Southeast Asia. What to compensate for the softness of the 420th steel has to increase the thickness of the blade.

● 420hc.

High carbon knife steel. Easy in processing, anti-corrosion, average strength, but keeps the cutting edge well. Enough low cost. The largest application found from the company "BUCK", and 420hc from "buck" significantly exceeds 420hc other ellovers. This is achieved by cryogenic processing. Analog - Swedish 12C27.

● 440A.

56 HRC. Stainless steel. Carbon content - 0.75%. Well resists corrosion. High-quality alloy, well withstands load. Widely used in the Knives of the company "SOG". If there is a marking "440" on the blade, or "440 Series Stainless" is most likely 440a.

● 440V.

● 440С.

60 HRC. High-tech stainless steel, carbon content - 1.2%. Well holds RK. One of the most balanced knife steel is one of its properties. Steel 440s more expensive than 440A and 440B. Analog - Japanese AUS-10. It is worth noting that 440s the Spanish knives are softer than the other Europeans.

● 5160.

Professional high-quality spring steel. Very strong, well holds RK. Popular in the manufacture of knives for heavy work.

● 52100.

Bearing steel. Low strength and resistance to corrosion. But keeps the sharpening well. Analog - Shx15. Widely used for the manufacture of hunting knives.

● 8CR13MOV.

56-58 HRC. High carbon, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum. Country of manufacture - China. It holds the sharpening well and is hosted well. Used "SpyDerco". Close to Japanese AUS-8.

● 8CR14MOV.

The same as 8cr13mov, but due to the increased chromium content more anti-corrosion. Many Chinese replicas are made of this steel.

● 9CR14MOV.

Due to the greater carbon content, slightly harder than 8CR13MOV. Widely used on Chinese replicas. It cuts for the knives of this price category is good and easy in sharpening.

● A-2

60-62 HRC. American carbon self-tapping tool steel. High strength I.

ability to keep sharpening. Used by Chris Reeve in combat knives.

● ATS-34

58-60 HRC. High-tech stainless steel. Country of manufacture - Japan, Hitachi. Analog 154cm. High rigidity. One of the best steels for the knives is quite expensive. Used in the "SpyDerco" and "Benchmade" knives. Also used for manufacture shaving blades and blades of jet turbines.

● ATS-55

Unlike ATS-34 does not contain molybdenum, respectively cheaper. Meets SpyDerco.

● AUS-4

54 HRC. Rare stainless cheap steel due to low carbon content. Country of manufacture - Japan. Quickly loses sharpening, but it is easily sharpened. Analogue - 420th steel.

● AUS-6

56 HRC. Stainless steel. Country of manufacture - Japan. Analog 440A. Used by Al Mar.

● AUS-8

58 HRC. Stainless knife steel. Country of manufacture - Japan. Analog 440B. Widely applied due to good wear resistance. Used by the company "COLD STEEL".

● AUS-10

60 HRC. Stainless knife steel. Country of manufacture - Japan. Analogue of the American 440C, but due to the smaller chromium content is less corrosion-resistant. Good wear resistance.

● Beta-Ti Alloy

Titanium alloy. Diving and kitchen knives.

● BG-42

60-64 HRC. Japanese stainless steel for knives. High rigidity, well holds RK. This steel in his knives "Sebenza" uses Chris Reeves.

● Blue Paper Super

Alloy steel. Produced in Japan. It goes to make professional cook knives.

The steel brand, the owner of which is Cold Steel. By properties, this knife steel is similar to O-1 and 1095.

● COWRYX (RT-6)

63-67 HRC. Amorphous metallic corrosion-resistant alloy. Country of manufacture - Japan.

● COWRYY (CP-4)

61-64 HRC. Amorphous metallic corrosion-resistant alloy. Country of manufacture - Japan.

Good stainless steel for knife. Holds the RC well, hides with difficulty. This steel uses Sean McWilliams

60-62 HRC. Instrumental knife steel, which is also called "half-resistant". More corrosion-resistant than carbon steel, but it does not reach the properties of "stainless steel". High strength, keeps well sharpening. Analog is our H12MF. Country of manufacture - Japan. It is used in the Bob Dozier, Benchmade. Optimal for a universal knife. Does not be final polished. Good knives from D2 releases Steelclaw.

Steel obtained by powder metallurgy. Not alloy.

Tool steel. Scandinavian blacksmiths are widely used.

Good stainless steel for knife. Rare enough. Used in the "SpyDerco" knives.

58 HRC. Stainless steel for a knife. Excellent corrosion resistance, good cutting properties, perfectly holds sharpening. Complex in processing. Used usually in SpyDerco knives.

Exclusive steel for the knife is used only by the company "BUSSE".

54-57 HRC. High strength stainless steel for knives. Increased corrosion resistance. It is widely used by Opinel.

Alloy steel, Japan, Hitachi. Used in the production of cook knives and razors.

Steel for tape saws. High strength, keeps well RK.

● LAK41, LAK42

Knife steel used in the production of cheap kitchen knives.

61-66 HRC. Figsy tool steel used in the production of knives. Ideally holds sharpening. Low corrosion resistance and sensitivity to shock loads. It is used for the production of cutters and drills. Used by Benchmade.

Stainless steel. Widely applied to Swedish knives.

60-64 HRC. Good carbon steel oil hardening for the manufacture of blades. Despite the low cost is characterized by good strength. Used by the company "Randall Made Knives". Muck in forging. Quick rust.

Stainless steel, Germany.

Inexpensive stainless steel, it goes to the manufacture of kitchen knives.

● S30V (CPM S30V / S60V / S90V)

Stainless martensitic powder steel for knives. Designed by Chris Reeve and Dick Barber. High strength. Applied by many knife manufacturers. High corrosion resistance and shock viscosity. All this family of steels is well holding sharpening, especially S60V and S90V. But they are more fragile than S30V and more difficult to sharpen them. These steel are optimal for universal knives. Another name of these steels is "Metal Glass". Widely used by LEATHERMAN and Zero Tolerance.

S30V - 58-61 HRC

S60V - 55-57 HRC

S90V - 56-59 HRC

And from this line:

CPM 1V - 57-59 HRC

CPM 3V - 58-60 HRC

CPM 9V - 54-56 HRC

CPM 10V - 60 HRC

CPM 15V - 61-63 HRC

CPM M4 - 60-64 HRC - Special Filter Tool Steel

CPM D2 - 60-62 HRC

● Silver 1,3,5

Brand stainless Japanese steel. Used in the manufacture of kitchen knives and scissors.

Tool Japanese steel. As a rule, it is used for the manufacture of agricultural instruments.

French steel.

Very rare steel due to the complexity of processing. Excellent wear resistance

59-61 HRC. Japanese knife steel. He holds middle. High corrosion resistance. Well processed. As a rule, it goes to the manufacture of cook knives.

Carbon steel, goes to the manufacture of files.

Powder knife steel top quality. Country of manufacture - Japan, Hitachi. There are no analogues yet. It is used in the PREMIUM-Class knives. High price. Very complex in sharpening. Ideal for knives that are intended exclusively for their main function - for cut.

➡ Domestic steel for knives

Chromomolybdenum steel. It is used in the manufacture of a medical instrument.

● 40x13 / 65x13 / 95x18 / 110x18

Domestic analogues of Steel 420 and 440. The most wide application In the manufacture of blades - 95x18. Quite durable and flexible, well sufficient and keeps sharpening. Corrosion-resistant.

95x18 - 57-60 HRC

65x13 - Surgical (medical) steel. From it also produces knives our "Kizlyar".

Structural spring steel. Quickly rust, keeps poor RK. But excellent shock viscosity. Ideal for knives designed for logging.

Filter steel. It is used for the manufacture of mechanical saws. It keeps sharpening well, but fragile. Low corrosion resistance.

Domestic instrumental steel used in the manufacture of knives. U7-U9 - increased high viscosity, knives from these steels can be calmly chopped. U10-U13 - increased hardness, fear of shock loads. All these steel hold well sharpening. Corrosion is not stable, corrosion penetrates into the depths of the blade.

Steel determines the working properties of the blade. This is the alloy of carbon and iron, where other elements are added, which allows changing the properties of steel. Also, the properties of the steel are determined by the degree of hardening and heat treatment (i.e. the finish process).

The properties of steels are determined by the following characteristics: Visit Web Page

• Hardness (Hardness) - the ability to resist the deformations and loads under the influence of external forces
• Strength (Toughness) - Square resistance or cracks during the "heavy" use. Also, it is also characterized by the ability to be stuffed and not to break. Than the hard steel, the less its strength.
• Wear resistance - the ability to resist wear, abrasion during normal use
• Corrosion resistance - the ability to resist external environmental impacts (rust, etc.) high resistance to corrosion, as a rule, is achieved to the detriment of other properties of the knife.
• The ability to hold sharpening.

The biggest problem in the development of steels is the balance of strength and hardness. You can create extremely solid steel, but such a blade can operate on pieces if you drop it on asphalt. Conversely, the blade can be very durable and it will be possible to bend it with your hands - but it will not normally hold sharpening.
Therefore, a question "What is the best steel for the knife" The answer can only be one - "depends on its purpose." Not knowing how the knife will be used, it is impossible to pick up the optimal steel for it. Steel kitchen knives have their own requirements for its composition, it may be "laminate" when solid steel conclude into the shell of softer.

M390.
Stainless steel with good wear and rust resistance due to high chromium and vanadium content. Steel turns well and perfectly holds sharpening. One of the best modern knife steels. Benchmade is widely used. It becomes popular in many ways thanks to the "People's" Benchmade Barrage (one of the cheapest knives with M390). Slowly begins to be used by other manufacturers.

ZDP-189.
Japanese steel, characterized by a large hardness, but, nevertheless, acceptable plasticity. It is very polished, it cuts out perfectly. Gently loved by Spyderco, which puts her in knives of the senior price segment and some "limit" versions. Disadvantages of steel - fragility, tendency to choking.

Hunter knives The special type of blade cold weapons used in hunting purposes (for cutting carcasses, in the parking lots) is referred to. Samples of such products may differ in materials used for manufacture, sizes, shape, type and practical purpose. But at the same time, the main parts hunting knife have common names for all models:

• blade - cutting metal strip;
• the shank is a metal base that handle is planted;
• the blade is sharply sharpened part of the blade;
• obukh - non-stuck part of the blade opposite to the blade;
• the edge - the zone in which the volatile and blade converge;
• heel - blade area at the base of the handle;
• dolas - narrow grooves along the ribs that give rigidity and facilitating the metal canvas;
• handle designed to hold a knife when performing actions.

For storage and wearing hunting knives, a special case is intended - the so-called sheath. They can be made of different materials, Including skin and metal. Explanatory sheath hunting knives For mounting to the belt, a belt ring should have, or a special hole.

Steel for hunting knives

Hunting knife - multifunctional tool. To help it on the hunt, it was possible to cope with a number of tasks, metal for hunting knife There must be durable and durable. It is important that high cutting abilities and reliable performance characteristics of the main hunting tool are provided.

As a rule, for the manufacture of blades such models, carbon, powder, alloyed, damask or bout steel with high-quality hardness indicators are used. This property of the metal depends on the shares of carbon in the alloy: the higher, the harder blade and the higher the ability of its cutting surface to maintain sharpness. A special HRC coefficient is used as an indicator of this hardness. Best Steel for Hunting Knife - with a coefficient, not less than 55-60 HRC.

These requirements are suitable for brands U8, U9 and U10, during the production process undergoing hardening heat treatment. The required properties are available at steel 40x, subjected to improved heat treatment with high-frequency currents. Among foreign alloys, AUS 6, AUS 8 and AUS 10 has recognized quality, which correspond to the domestic analogs of 440 A, 440 V and 440 C.

Some manufacturers have recently practiced the manufacture of titanium coating knives, which are applied to the surface of the blades of the layer to three microns. They can be distinguished by black or golden colors of the metal strip. Thus, the blade not only receives additional protection against corrosion, but also increases its hardness (up to 90 HRC). It is capable of keeping the primary factory sharpening for a long time, showing all the properties of the flexibility and elasticity of steel, from which is made. But keeping constantly such a coating on the cutting surface is not possible, since every diatling it will inevitably be braid.

Common modern stamps steels for blades hunting knives

Today, the most famous on domestic expanses steel for hunting knives - Stamps 440 C. This metal is valued for the fact that even with a rather low hardness of products from it, they have the desired elasticity of the material. Such knives are easy to drain, keeping the blade sharpness for a long time. The big plus is that chromium and molybdenum additives provide products with excellent resistance to corrosion.

As a common alternative to the brand 440С, serves domestic steel SRM 440 V. It is obtained as a result of a forging powder metal mixture high temperatures. It is noticeably superior to the traditional brand of wear resistance, it retains the sharpness of sharpening well, but at the same time its sharpening - the process is very complex.

Imported brands from American (155cm) and Japanese (ATS-35) manufacturers are not inferior to the popularity of 440s. It is believed that of modern materials - this is the best steel for hunting knifeaccording to its functional characteristics. Such a knife is easily sharpened and endowed with excellent flexibility, which makes it very convenient in use. The disadvantages include quite high costs and weak anti-corrosion stability of products.

The strongest steel for hunting knife - from high carbon alloys. Among them, it is possible to highlight the brands of the Red and H12MV. Samples made of diamond doped carbon steel HP5 have a high hardness (with a coefficient up to 70 HRC) and differ in first-class cutting properties. Such an alloy contains chromium and tungsten additives that gives the metal special strength. The hardness of the instrumental stamped doped steel grade X12MV is 60 HRC. It includes chromium, providing its anti-corrosion properties, molybdenum, an increase in the viscosity of the material and vanadium, which contributes to the greater heat resistance of the metal. Hunting knife bladeof the steel of the Red or H12MV, with constant use in work, it can be done for a very long time without sharpening.

Knives for hunting performed in the technique of old masters

Boulat alloy - good steel For hunting knife, famous at all times and until today, using well-deserved demand. Bulat from Bulat serve for a long time and reliably, withstanding significant thermal and mechanical loads. They do not rust and are characterized by excellent cutting properties, without needing constant drainage. Additional beauty of the product add bizarre patterns on metal, formed as a consequence of the inhomogeneous structure of carbonaceous alloy.

Damaskaya steel for hunting knife In the strength and cutting properties of the blade is not inferior to the bouling. Having a 60 HRC hardness coefficient, products from it are capable of keeping the transverse sharpening for a long time. But such knives are strongly subject to corrosion, therefore require constant protection against wet environments. After use, they need to wipe dryly, regularly covering the surface of the blade with special oil.

How to choose a knife from good steel

When choosing a knife, as a reliable tool for a good hunt, you do not need to save or hurry. It must meet the quality and convenience requirements, be suitable for multipurpose use. The first thing to pay attention to is to the blade itself. It should be preferred with samples made of high-quality steel, with an optimal form and a length of the blade, from well-known manufacturers. The Russian market presents a wide range of knives intended for any types of hunting, domestic and imported production.

The length of the product should not be such that it was uncomfortable to wear. If the clock on the blade is given by ring long sound, this indicates good quality of the metal. What steel is better for hunting knife - Everyone decides itself, based on the needs, practical experience and personal preferences. Today, quite a few models of modern type, reliable and ergonomic, stainless and carbon steel, which cause undoubted confidence in the professionals of their business are offered.

Main manufacturers of high-quality steels and hunting knives

Best Steel for Hunting Knife It is produced by the leaders of world metallurgy: the German "Solingen", the English "Winkin", the Swiss "Wenger" and a number of other firms. The same countries - in the first of the first, where they produce the best hunting knives. German masters make samples of unsurpassed quality and flawless design. Among them are analogs of Finnish knives and models of Norwegian type adapted for hunting use. Possessing a considerable price, they are nevertheless able to serve for long years and show themselves from the best side in critical moments.

Leading positions in the world belong also products swedish companieswhere the structures of knives adopted by the centuries are combined with the introduction of advanced technologies in the production. Some of the highest quality hunting knives produce countries such as Finland, USA and Japan, since there is a hunt - a traditionally popular occupation. Today and domestic producers are trying not to yield to foreign manufacturers in the branch of knife production.

Nowadays, I gained fame and managed to become popular products of Kizlyar and Zlatoust plants. They make high-quality hunting knives using modern technologies in accordance with world standards and requirements. Steel for hunting knivesdomestic production is most often brands: from stainless steel - H12BM, 40x12, 50x13, 95x13, 95x19, 65x13, as well as from instrumental U-8. Such products in their characteristics are not inferior, and sometimes exceeds foreign samples.

Rules for the storage and wearing steel hunting knives

In the conditions of hunting to prevent possible damage to the blade and ensure safe wearing, it is recommended to use n.hunting knife. They must be so durable, so that regardless of the position of the body, firmly fix the knife, ensuring the ability to quickly pull it into the most unforeseen and critical situations. It is also important that they do not interfere with the movement and did not damage the tool itself.

The most common type is leather sheath. They meet the basic requirements: strength, lightness and convenience. They are comfortable to wear on the belt, or under the arm. Turning high-quality and valuable blades into leather sheath has long become a tradition. They are made of raw materials of thin dressing, firmly stuffed thick thread and treated with moisture-resistant impregnation. It should be selected such a shape of a sheath so that the tip and blade of the blade cannot accidentally cut it.

Leather sheath for hunting knives Do not differ in particular variety of models. Usually, they reach the handle in the front of the front, and the rear wall is to its top, while forming the belt ring, with which the belt is trained into the sheath. At the top of the sheath mounted strap with a clasp for fixing the handle. Also there are models in which the knife can be invested from the handle. For this principle, the sheath of some foreign manufacturers of hunting knives are designed, for example, firms tank. They make a completely deaf model, entirely hiding and blade, and handle, and at the same time closed with a valve with a fastener.

In the sheath put only dry and clean blade. Steel knives after hunting is thoroughly washed cold water And wipe dry. It does not interfere with their wax or weapon oil and hold some time separately from the sheath.

It is strongly recommended to wash leather sheaths for hunting knives. If they are wedrochy, they should be dried, peeped, purified from dirt and impregnated with cream or special solution for leather products. During the period of hunting offsension, according to the advice of professionals, the knife should be stored separately from the sheath. It will save the metal of the blade from the harmful effects of tanning substances used for the selection of leather.

Cutting steel hunting knives

Sooner or later anyone, even the best steel for hunting knives Requires blade sharpening. Before proceeding with this operation, it is necessary to carefully examine the blade geometry. The most convenient processing is a double wedge form having a uniform blade of the blade on both sides. With such a knife, you can cut almost everything, even to harvest the tree, and at the same time it is possible to put it without problems.

What can not be allowed - so these are changes in the initial angle of sharpening. The smaller this angle, the one for more accurate work the knife is intended. Light and thin operations produce blades styled under 10-15 degrees, 20 degree sharpex is considered universal, and for heavy and rough work Designed knives with sharpened under 30 degrees blades. Therefore, it is best to sharpen steel blades at an angle of 15-30 degrees.

Usually hunting knife blade Cold O. grindstone With non-bubble surface. For such purposes, it is recommended to use sufficiently long, centimeters 20-25, flat and wide stones. Actions are produced on the surface of a fixedly fixed stone. Before sharpening it is necessarily moistened: vegetable or technical oil, in extreme cases, soapy water.

Two hands, placing the blade at the right angle, carry out a knife several times with a tangible pressure of cross movements on themselves. At the same time try to sharpen even direction. After five to six such movements, the knife turn over and repeat all the actions with the reverse side of the blade, as well as controlling the correctness of the movements.

At the place of sharpening there should be a brilliant strip of the same width over the entire length of the blade. If the knife has not come out of one time enough, the procedure is repeated, accompanying a little less effort. For greater acute, the entire cycle with a smaller number of movements can be repeated on a stone with a fine-grained grinding surface. Then, along the reverse side of the leather belt, the final editing and polishing of the pointed part produce. Well-ended hunting knife bladeIf it is modeled vertically on a list of newspaper, there should be no effort to cut the newspaper paper without an application under its own severity.

In especially complex casesTo correctly sharpen the blade, you can use imported tools. On the horizontal plate into the holes at a certain angle, sharpening ceramic sticks are attached, accurately asking for sharpening. Moves with a knife from top to bottom. In this way, it is possible to unmistakably reach the angle of sharpening within 15-25 degrees.

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Types and brands of popular steels

I. Types and brands of popular steels

Production and art Screws It is constantly evolving and introduced its own adjustments to our lives. Already no one surprise with a stainless steel knife. At the time when being a little hooligan, I did not imagine a knife that would not rust from the apple chosen. But life goes, science is developing, and some types and stamps of steels on the knives are replaced by others. Depending on the purpose, complexity of production and pricing policy, the manufacturer can be divided into three type With reference to the price of the knives manufactured from them:

Inexpensive become, popular Steel, I. premium steel used mainly for top and limited versions of the knives produced.

Here I have to make a reservation for sophisticated readers who will certainly be ready to go into a dispute with me about the pricing of specific steel grades. Types of materials are divided into a very conditional to designate some price boundaries on knives, and informative character is most likely for the convenience of focusing the inexperienced buyer.

Before you begin a review of the steels themselves, it is necessary to understand the chemical composition and influence individual elements on physical characteristics.

Carbon (C) - most important element In steel, it increases its strength, without a sufficient carbon, it is very difficult to obtain a suitable hardness.

Chromium (CR) - gives an alloy increased anti-corrosion properties, chromium carbides increase wear resistance and calcination. Excessive chromium content in the alloy increases its fragility. Contained in stainless steel any brand.

Manganese (Mn) - its content is positive effect on the alloy grain structure, and also contributes to a better calcination. Increases wear resistance and strength. Contained in almost all modern steel brands.

Molybdenum (Mo) - forms carbides to prevent the occurrence of steel fragility, allows you to maintain strength at high temperatures. Also increases corrosion resistance, strength, hardness, calcination, shock viscosity and promotes better workability,

Nickel (Ni) - increases strength, shock viscosity and corrosion resistance.

Silicon (Si) - increases the strength and wear resistance of steel. Like a manganese, he makes steel more stable and reliable.

Vanadium (V) - forms the structure of carbides in such a way as to increase resistance to wear, vitality and calcination.

Also in the composition may include nitrogen (N.), niobium (N.), tungsten (W) and sulfur (S)

TO inexpensive Steel can be attributed the following brands:

420 Low carbon content (less semicircuit), make this steel too soft and poorly holding sharpening. Due to its high corrosion resistance, it is often used in the manufacture of submariner knives. Often used for very inexpensive knives; In addition to using salted water, too soft for the manufacture of functional blade. From it there are almost all Chinese "nonyam" knives, which brought her bad fame. Indeed, in the "Eastern" execution, this is a low-quality material, according to the characteristics closer to our "kitchen" 40x12. In the "Western" execution, 420-a0 steel is considered a normal inexpensive knife material. The Spanish knives of the 420 oh became very soft, almost like Chinese. But Swiss ("Victorinox", "Wenger") and Austrian ("Fortuna"), as well as some other knives good manufacturers Of the 420 oh, the greater hardness and accurate execution are distinguished. It should be noted especially the American quality of the design of the 420-oh steel knives. Along with almost souvenir products from United Cuttlery, the company "SOG" and "BUCK" makes out of the 420th steel of excellent knives with a hardness of the blade to 57 HRC, and at the same time the blade is often quite thin and elastic. This once again confirms the provisions that high-quality hardening and processing is often more important than the brand (chemical composition) of steel. Knives of the 420th steel do not always have appropriate labeling. If there is no inscription from an unknown manufacturer on a knife or written simply "INOX" "Stainless", "Stainless Steel", "Rostfrei" (in fact, the word "stainless steel" in various languages), "Super-Steel" and so on, then most likely it It is the 420th steel with all the ensuing consequences.

420hc. (High Carbone - "high-carbon") one of the popular alloys used for the mass production of knives in recent years. Many well-known manufacturers prefer this steel due to its low cost, the ease of its processing, sufficient for the average durability knife and good anti-corrosion survivability. Steel 420hc keeps the cutting edge nicely, however, it needs sharpening from time to time, yielding to the more high-end steel, it is easy to drag from it from it.

420J2.Japanese steel, for a long time used in the production of knives different companies. Due to its availability, ease of processing and significant distribution, knife manufacturers use it both independently and as part of composite alloys, where 420J2 plays the role of the fold, concluding more hard steel.

440A - 440B - 440C The carbon content (and hardness, respectively) of this type of stainless steel increases from A (0.75%) to in (0.9%) to C (up to 1.2%).

All three types of 440th have become well resist corrosion, and 440A - best of all and 440c - the smallest of these three. In the knives "Sog Seal 2000", steel 440a, "Randell" ("Randell") uses steel 440V for its stainless knife. The 440s brand is common everywhere, as it is the best of all three! If your knife is marked "440", it is most likely the least expensive steel 440a - if the manufacturer used more expensive 440С, it will certainly indicate it. For general sensations, steel 440a (and similar to it) is good enough for everyday use, especially when it is high quality (many good reviews About the hardening of steel 440A by the company "SOG"). The 440V version can be called an intermediate version, and the steel 440c is the hardest of the 440s.

12C27 (Composition: C - 0.6%, Mn - 0.35%, CR - 14.0%.) It is considered traditional Scandinavian and is used to make the Finnish knives "Pukko", Swedish knives "Mora of Sweden", as well as Norwegian knives . It is also traditionally known for "clean composition" - i.e. The lack of any extraneous impurities - sulfur and phosphorus.

Sandvik14c28N. Medium carbon high-chromium stainless steel with the addition of molybdenum, phosphorus, silicon and sulfur, which has exceptional corrosion resistance, excellent strength and durability. Pretty folded in the production of Swedish knives "Mora of Sweden".

1095 It is used most often for nonsense knives (fixed). If you build in order of the brand starting from 1095 and to 1050, in general it can be said that when the room descends, the amount of carbon in steel decreases, it worse holds the blade sharpening and becomes more viscous. Therefore, most often the brand is 1060 and 1050 are used for the manufacture of swords. For knives, 1095 is considered a "standard" brand of carbon steel, not the most expensive and at the same time with good qualities. Also, this brand has sufficient rigidity and keeps sharpening very well, but it easily rust. This simple steel brand containing, except for iron, another one or two elements - about 0.95 carbon and sometimes about 0.4% manganese.

9Cr13Comov. Chinese production stainless steel with an increased cobalt content added to obtain a stronger cutting edge. It has high corrosion resistance at a low price. Fouring steel, alloyed by vanadium and cobalt, have increased cutting properties. Cobalt increases heatproof, magnetic properties, increases impact resistance. The greater the cobalt alloy, the higher the strength to bending and better mechanical properties, but with a large amount it decreases the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy. Of those used in knives, cobalt contains steel VG-10 and N690 in an amount of about 1.5%.

8cr13mov. Chinese steel characteristic of the "BYRD" knives line of the company "Spyderco". It is steel with a sufficiently high content of carbon, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum, it is well holding sharpening and at the same time it is easily sharpened.

8cr14mov. Chinese steel, similar to the previous, including chemical composition. The presence in it is more than in 8CR13MOV chromium quantity allows it to combine the same cutting and strength quality with improved anti-corrosion protection.

TO popular Steel, average price category, you can attribute the following brands:

3CR13 Chinese stainless steel, which is a modified steel grade 440A, hardened to a hardness of approximately 57 HRC. Thanks increased content Carbon Its cutting properties are superior to 420J2, but 420ns are inferior. It is used on the knives of the average price category different manufacturers, However, rarely quite.

AUS-6 - AUS-8 - AUS-10Japanese stainless steel steel, approximately comparable to 440A (AUS-6.65% carbon), 440V (AUS-8.75% carbon) and 440c (AUS-10, 1.1% carbon), respectively. The widespread use of AUS-8 steel made it very popular and, although it does not keep strength at the ATS-34 level, many note its outstanding wear resistance. Also, some manufacturers label AUS-8 as AUS-8A, but there are no real differences. Steel AUS-10 has a slightly large carbon content, but contains less chromium, so it is a slightly less corrosive, but more solid. All listed steel contain up to a quarter of a percent of vanadium, which makes it possible to increase wear resistance. The composition of the most popular AUS-8 is as follows: C \u003d 0.75%, Mn \u003d 0.5%, MO \u003d 0.2%, Cr \u003d 14%, Ni \u003d 0.5%; Si \u003d 1%, v \u003d 0.2%

95x18. Not bad domestic stainless steel, but there is no humus without good - it is rather capricious in hardening and processing. With proper heat treatment has high hardness, good flexibility and sufficient strength. The knife from this material is not so easy to sharpe, as the usual kitchen, but keep the blade sharpness is good. With long-term contact with moisture and, especially with salt, corrosion can manifest. With all this - one of the best steels of domestic production with which they work as large manufacturersand dear private masters. The imported analogue is the steel 440c. Composition: C \u003d 1%; Cr \u003d 18%; Mn≤0.8%; Si≤0.8%; S≤0.025%; P≤0.03%

4116 High-quality stainless steel made in Germany at Thyssen Krupp enterprises. This steel is used in industries with elevated hygienic requirements (for manufacture medical equipmentThis steel is an excellent choice of material for the manufacture of kitchen knives. The optimal percentage ratio of carbon and chromium in this steel provides it with a high degree of corrosion resistance, as well as the beautiful mechanical strength and durability of the cutting edge. The resistance of the cutting edge in the cutting tests exceeded the similar characteristics of the blades made of stainless steel 420 and 440 episodes. Other alloying elements used in the manufacture of 4116 krupp contribute to an increase in the strength of the blades and allow you to make them thinner without loss of strength properties. Composition: C \u003d 0.45-0.55% Si<1%, Mn<%1, P<0,04%, S<0,015% Cr=15%, V=0.1-02%, Mo=0.5-0.8%

1055 The chemical composition and physical properties of carbon steel 1055 are located at the boundary between medium and high carbon steel, with a carbon content between 0.50% -0.60%, and with a manganese content between 0.60% -0.90%. Such a carbon and manganese content allows to achieve alloy hardness between RC 60-64, depending on the exact content of carbon. A combination of a number of factors in production made it possible to make one of the most difficult steels, while it is enough martensite, without excessive carbides. This steel is particularly suitable for those working, where the strength and shock viscosity is estimated above all other qualities.

SK5 Japanese tool steel, which is equivalent to American steel 1080, with a carbon content between 0.75% -0.85% and manganese between 0.60% -0.90%. This steel may have a hardness of up to 65 Rc, and contains a mixture of carbon in martensites with some dissolved cementites. Increasing the content of cementites in steel increases its resistance to abrasion and allows you to achieve an ideal balance between the high strength characteristics of the blade and a high degree of unlucky of the cutting edge. Thanks to these characteristics, the steel of this class is traditionally used to make various hand tools, as well as for the manufacture of chisels and mechanical saws in the woodworking industry. This steel has withstood the test of time and is used for many years in many countries.

Smoothly we approach the steels used on more expensive knives and limited copies.

Premium (top) steel:

VG-1 San Mai III "San Mai" means "three layers". This term is used to describe traditional laminated blades used for Japanese sword and daggers. Laminated structure of the blade is important because it allows the strip from different stamps to merge into one blade. A simple way to imagine this type of construction is to imagine a sandwich: meat - in the center, solid steel with high content and slices of bread on both sides - steel strips with lower carbon content. The cutting edge of the blade should be as solid as possible in order to cut sharpening longer and effectively cut and chop, but if all the blade was so hard, it could be damaged during the battle or work in lateral loads. To give the clinch additional strength, flexibility and resistance to corrosion to it and weld additional, more "soft" steel lining. Composition: C \u003d 0.95-1.05%; CR \u003d 13-15%; Mo \u003d 0.2-0.4%; Ni \u003d 0.25%. Usually hardened to 58 - 61 HRC.

VG-10. It was specially developed by TAKEFU Special Steel Co., Ltd. (Japan) for the needs of the knife industry. It is used in the production of knives of such Japanese brands as "Tojiro", "Kasumi", "McUSTA", as well as in the production of some models of non-Japanese brands "Spyderco", "Cold Steel", "Camillus", "FallkNiven", "Browning" . But the blades for them, and even the knives of the whole, as a rule, are produced in Japan. The viscosity of this has become sufficient to keep the cutting edge even when quenching to hardness 60-63 Rc. Composition: C \u003d 0.95-1.05%; Cr \u003d 14.5-15.5%; Co \u003d 1.3-1.5%; Mn \u003d 0.5%; MO \u003d 0.9-1.2%.

A-2.(AISI Type A2, UNS T30102 American tool steel for rollers, stamps and punches used in the manufacture of blades. Non-toxic, non-magnetic, non-stable, resistant to corrosion steel. Easy to welding and does not become fragile. Composition: C \u003d 1%, Mn \u003d 0.8%, Si \u003d 0.3%, Cr \u003d 5.25%, MO \u003d 1.1%, V \u003d 0.2%.

ATS-34 and 154CM Some of the most modern high-technological stainless steel. 154cm is the original American steel, its outstanding indicators make it also quite expensive, it is not used in every knife. ATS-34 is a product of the Japanese Corporation "Hitachi" and in its indicators is very close to 154cm. Steel of these brands is usually harnessed up to 60 HRC and with this hardness behaves stable, while maintaining high rigidity, but they are not so resistant to rust, as steel series 440. These steels can rightfully be considered one of the best to date. Composition: C \u003d 1.05%, Cr \u003d 14%, Mn \u003d 0.5%, MO \u003d 4%, Si \u003d 0.3%

S60V. (440V) and S90V. (420V) These two steamedly hold sharpening (better than ATS-34). In both steels, the high content of Vanadium, so that they are incredibly wear-resistant, but the blades of them are hard to appear. Spyderco produced knives from steel S60V limited edition. At the same time, they shoulded it only up to 55-56 rc, so that with sufficient hardness, the blade is easier to sharpen. S90V is a CPM steel steel, an analogue of S60V steel, with a lower chromium content and twice the shares of vanadium, more wear-resistant and more durable than S60V. Composition S60V: C \u003d 2.15%, Cr \u003d 17%, Va \u003d 5.5%, Mn \u003d 0.4%, MO \u003d 1%, Si \u003d 0.4%. S90V: C \u003d 2.3%, Cr \u003d 14%, VA \u003d 9%, Mn \u003d 0.4%, MO \u003d 1%, Si \u003d 0.4%.

H-1. Stainless steel characteristic of SPYDERCO knives. Due to its unusual chemical composition, has increased corrosion resistance, including in the sea, where the amount of salt is increased. Also boast of high cutting characteristics and the ability to hold the sharpening for a long time. However, it is a little softer Steel AUS8 or 154CM. The steel is quite complex in treatment, therefore it is relatively rare, most often - in the production of professional knives for yachtsmen, sailors, divers, etc. Composition: C \u003d 0.15%, Cr \u003d 14-16%, Mn \u003d 2%, MO \u003d 0.5- 1.5%, ni \u003d 6-8%, p \u003d 0.4%, Si \u003d 3-4.5%, S \u003d 0.03%. 3G Swedish always laminated (3-layer) powder steel steel, one of the best in its class. The high content of carbon (1.4%) gives it the hardness and rigidity necessary for the "knife" alloy, and additional impurities contribute to the high resistance to corrosion, good shock viscosity and wear-resistance. Developed and applied by FallkNiven. The composition of the central core (SGPS steel): C \u003d 1.4%, Cr \u003d 15%, V \u003d 2%, Mn \u003d 0.4%, MO \u003d 2.8%, Si \u003d 0.5%, p \u003d 0.03%, S \u003d 0.03%. The plates are usually from VG2 steel, its composition is almost the same as the core, but the hardness is much lower.

S30V(Full name - CPM S30V) is a stainless martensitic powder steel, which was developed by a wild bubber in collaboration with a well-known knife manufacturer Chris Rive. In the manufacture of this steel, vanadium carbides are formed, the properties of which gives a greater strength than the use of chromium carbides. In addition, Vanadium carbides make it possible to achieve more perfect steel grains. This steel has quickly earned popularity and is currently widely used in the manufacture of knives of many companies. C \u003d 1.45%; Cr \u003d 14%; Mo \u003d 2%; V \u003d 4%

CTS-BD30P. Production "Carpenter Inc". It is equivalent to S30V - the gold standard of the powder steel industry. Handing CTS-BD30P is recommended to 58-61 units. On the Rockwell scale. Despite the considerable hardness, the blade from CTS-BD30P is easy to direct. The cutting edge of the blade of steel CTS-BD30P on wear resistance (that is, according to the ability to hold sharpening) exceeds 440c by 45%, and 154 cm by 30%, which is confirmed by an independent examination conducted by Catra. For impact strength, steel CTS-BD30P is four times strongest on the break rather than the famous steel 440Si 3.5 times more than 154cm. According to users, steel is still different from the standard S30V for the better. C \u003d 1.45%; Cr \u003d 14%; Mo \u003d 2%; V \u003d 4%

CPM D2. Modern tool steel, which is sometimes called "semi-stainless". It has a sufficiently high chromium content (12%), but still its quantity is not enough to classify this steel as stainless. Despite this, according to the "corrosive resistance" parameter, it far exceeds any carbon steel. It also has high strength, which allows for a long time to keep the cutting edge. M4 and D2 steel can be both called CPM, which means "powder". Initially, they are "rolling" stools, but only powder is used in the knife industry to obtain a more uniform composition of steel. Typical Composition: C \u003d 1.45-1.65%; Si \u003d 0.1-0.4% cr \u003d 11-12.5%; MO \u003d 0.4-0.6%; V \u003d 0.15-0.3%.

ZPD-189. Japanese powder steel highest category. Designed by Hitachi Metals in 1996. It combines an extremely high hardness, which almost does not have analogs at the moment among other steel grades, corrosionally stable, but, at the same time, the lateral loads on the edge are afraid, as it can be chosen. Such steel applies only by several companies on the best models of knives from the range, in price it also exceeds all the analogues. Composition: C \u003d 2.9-3%; Si \u003d 0.35%; Cr \u003d 19-20.5%; MO \u003d 0.9-1%; V \u003d 0.25-0.35%.

ZDP-247. Hitachi Metals (Japan), high-carbon tool steel manufacturing, developed on the basis of amorphous metal alloys, used in knives manufacture. The composition of steel is a commercial secret of Hitachi Metals Corporation.

CPM-125V. One of the hardest and wear-resistant stainless steels. Contains a lot of vanadium carbides. In essence, this is an American answer to the Japanese ZDP-189, but not so fragile and not so rust like M4. Very hard in processing, so it is very little produced from it. 25-50% wear-resistant than S90V. For milling, grinder and sharpening this steel, special machines are used, which consume a large amount of abbrasive. Composition: C \u003d 3.30% Mn \u003d 5% Cr \u003d 14% ni \u003d 0.4% v \u003d 12% Mo \u003d 2.5% w \u003d 0.5% Si \u003d 0.5%.

CPM M4.Special fast-cutting tool steel containing a large amount of vanadium. This steel shows itself more durable and wear-resistant than M2 and M3 in operations that require light and fast cut. CPM M4 is also supplied in several modifications, for example, steel, including a large carbon content, which makes it capable of hardening in the process of heat treatment and high sulfur steel process for improving machines on machines. Like all CPM steel, CPM M4 is created by Crucible Materials Corporation using the CRUCible Particle MetallureGy patented technology, which allows to achieve uniformity, strength and good workability compared to the steel obtained in traditional metallurgy. Composition: C \u003d 1.42%; Cr \u003d 4%; MO \u003d 5.25%; V \u003d 4%; W \u003d 5.5%; Mn \u003d 0.3-0.7%; S \u003d 0.06-0.22%. This steel is very corroded in a wet environment, therefore requires careful care, or the blade must have an anti-corrosion coating.

CTS-BD1 Steel production carpenter. Very close by properties to popular 154cm, ATS-34 and GIN-1. Not powder. Chemical composition: C \u003d 0.9% Mn \u003d 0.6% Si \u003d 0.37% CR \u003d 15.75% MO \u003d 0.3%, V \u003d 0.1%. High chromium content provides good hardness and resistance to rust.

S35VN. Full title CPM-S35VN. Martensitic stainless steel production concern "Crucible Inc.", which is a recognized leader in powder metallurgy. For strength, this steel exceeds CPM-S30V steel by 15-20%, but it is better to be mechanical processing. CPM-S35VN is distinguished by the presence of niobium in its composition, which makes steel more durable, wear-resistant and able to maintain sharpening compared to most chromium-containing alloys, for example, such as 440С and D2. Like CPM-S30V has excellent corrosion resistance. The best properties reaches when quenching to hardness 58-61 HRC. Composition: C \u003d 1.4%, Cr \u003d 14%, V \u003d 3%, MO \u003d 2%, NB \u003d 0.5%.

CPM-S110V. High-alloyed martensitic stainless tool steel produced by Crucible Industries concern (USA). CPM-S110V contains a rather large amount of vanadium and niobium, which increase strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steel. Due to this composition, the CPM-S110V steel has better corrosion resistance than steel 440C or CPM-S90V. The steel production technology gives a uniform distribution of carbon in steel CPM-S110V compared to other instrumental stools, which gives a relatively good mechanical workability and strength characteristics. Used to produce parts and tools with increased wear resistance and corrosion resistance. 3% of niobium were added to the composition: C \u003d 2.8% CO \u003d 2.8% MO \u003d 2.25%; Cr \u003d 15.25%; Nb \u003d 3%; V \u003d 9%. Hardness from 58 to 61 HRC.

M390. If steel M390 is used for the manufacture of a knife, the blade will definitely have increased corrosion resistance, since the composition was very high chromium concentration. It is also worth noting that this steel is widely used in industry for the production of various drill plants and machines performing a complex process of drilling solid materials. The blade from this steel has beyond high performance, excellent cutting ability and wear resistance due to its structure with a high concentration of vanadium and chromium carbides. The unique powder metallurgical production process contributes to the uniform distribution of carbide in the remaining balancing chemical elements of steel, which makes steel M390 very popular, among users and erected. Steel M390 is used in surgical cutting tools, scalpels, saws, knives and devices that are fundamentally requiring high characteristics and properties. Composition: C \u003d 1.9% Si \u003d 0.7% Mn \u003d 0.3% Cr \u003d 20% MO \u003d 1.10% v \u003d 4% w \u003d 0.6%.

CPM3V.Powder steel was developed by Crucible Materials Corporation, one of the most durable steels. CPM 3V CRUCIBLE CPM 3V steel is designed to provide maximum resistance to a flow and choking among highly resistant tool steels. The shock viscosity of CPM 3V is greater than A2, D2, CRU-WEAR or CPM M4 and approaches S7 levels and other shockproof steels. At the same time, it provides excellent wear resistance, high hardness and heat resistance. Possessing HRC 58-60 hardness, CPM 3V steel can replace instrumental steel where there are constant problems with breakdown and chocks. Composition: C- 0.83%, Mn- 0.39%, p- 0.17%, S- 0.005%, Si- 0.90%, Ni- 0.065%, CR- 7.49%, V- 2 , 61%, W-0.038%, MO-1.45%, C- 0.045%, Cu- 0.053%. Hardness 60-61 HRC.

BG42. Bearing corrosion-resistant steel Lescalloy BG42 (AMS 5749), developed by the American company "Timken Latrobe". More recently popular material in the manufacture of knife blades of a number of copyright and serial models. It can be called without a doubt the best non-cooked steel, but now it becomes rare. Composition: C \u003d 1.15%, Mn \u003d 0.5%, Cr \u003d 4.5%, Si \u003d 0.3%, Mo \u003d 4%, V \u003d 1.2%. Hardness59-60hrc.

Cronidur 30.High-acted, corrosion-resistant bearing steel, developed by Fag (Germany). Marked high plasticity. Composition: C \u003d 0.3%, n \u003d 0.42%, CR \u003d 14.5%, MO \u003d 1%, V \u003d 0.1%. Hardness 59-60 HRC.

Vanax This type of steel was originally made by Bohler-Uddeholm for industrial needs, in the conditions under which the need arises to be in contact with the aggressive medium - salty water. Now such steel is used for the production of knives. Vanax is a low-carbon powder and a high nitrogen content. There are two types of VANAX - 35 and 75. VANAX 75 has a very unusual composition: C \u003d 0.2%, N \u003d 4.2%, Si \u003d 0.3%, Mn \u003d 0.2%, Cr \u003d 21.2%, MO \u003d 1.3%, V \u003d 9% . Nitrogen with vanadium forms rigid nitrides, which cause high stability and resistance to corrosion. Vanax two and a half times tight than steel 440С and absolutely not rust.

Elmax It is a universal stainless steel composition similar to M390: C \u003d 1.7% Si \u003d 0.8% Mn \u003d 0.3% Cr \u003d 18% MO \u003d 1.10% v \u003d 3%). This is one of the newest powder materials, has the best value for money. With several similar to S35VN and M390, the composition wins in the properties due to the set of uniformly distributed carbides. Practically does not rust (17-18% chromium) is hard enough, but very well holds sharpening. At the moment, it is used in Kershaw, Zero Tolerance and "Microtech" knives. According to SAL GLESER, in the SPYDERCO laboratory, this steel showed very good results.

CTS-XHP. Stainless steel production "Carpenter". It has a high carbon and chromium content (Composition: C \u003d 1.6% Cr \u003d 16% v \u003d 0.45% Mo \u003d 0.8% Ni \u003d 0.35% Mn \u003d 0.5% Si \u003d 0.4%). Very recently began to be applied in the knife industry mainly on limited versions. The hardness is within 62-64hrc, differs in addition to the hardness of high wear resistance and good corrosion resistance. At times, surpasses S30V for resistance, is at the level of D2 or ZDP-189 by hardness, but does not have the negative characteristics of the latter.

CTS-204P. Also, the production of "carpenter", which is talking about the CTS prefix. It has a much greater carbon and vanadium content than CTS-XHP (Composition: C \u003d 2.2% CR \u003d 13% V \u003d 9% MO \u003d 1.3% Mn \u003d 0.5% Si \u003d 0.3%), which theoretically should make this steel better, But practically is approximately at the same level with real tests. Both steel CTS-XHP and CTS-204P are one of the best today, but prices for knives from these steels are very high.

HITACHI BLUE SUPER STEEL (AGAMI SUPER STEEL) Japanese alloy steel of high purity produced by Hitachi (Japan), popular in the production of professional cook knives, saw, braid. Composition: C \u003d 1.40-1.50%, Si \u003d 0.10-0.20%, Mn \u003d 0.20-0.30%, Cr \u003d 0.30-0.50%, w \u003d 2.00-2.50%, MO \u003d 0.30-0.50%, v \u003d 0.30-0.50% .

An important aspect in the manufacture of a knife blade is heat treatment of steel. Proper heat treatment, as it was written above, is able to give sufficient hardness inexpensive 420th steel and bring it to a higher level and, on the contrary, turning expensive premium steel in plasticine, which quickly fills when cutting in vegetables in a salad.

Materials are taken from the site: http://x-gear.com.ua/pages/nozhevie-stali/