Technological equipment in the ATP is designed to ensure the ability to perform the entire range of preventive and restoration work on vehicles, increase productivity and quality of work, increase occupational safety and reduce the impact of the enterprise on the environment.

A wide variety of work carried out on a car requires the use of specialized and universal equipment of a wide range.

ATP technological equipment is divided into main, auxiliary and special. TO auxiliary equipment include: various carts, cabinets, bathtubs, tables, racks, drawers.

TO special equipment include tools for vehicle maintenance and repair: keys; mandrels; pullers; pressure gauges; probes; dynamometers; technological equipment, etc.

The main technological equipment for general technical purposes is divided into the following groups:

– lifting equipment.

– transport equipment.

– equipment for assembly operations.

– equipment for cleaning and washing cars.

– lubrication and filling equipment.

– equipment for painting and drying works and anti-corrosion treatment.

– equipment for carrying out body repair work.

– tire fitting and repair equipment.

– equipment for carrying out diagnostic work.

Lifting equipment is widely used at ATP. Lifting equipment includes: lifting mechanisms, hoists and winches; span and jib cranes; various types of lifts.

This equipment is used for lifting, moving and feeding Right place vehicles and their assemblies, as well as for lifting and holding the vehicle in a raised state in order to ensure free access to all components and assemblies during inspection and repair.

Figure 7.1 – Classification of technological equipment of ATP

Transport equipment includes garage chain conveyors: load-bearing, pushing and driving – suspended and floor-mounted. This equipment is used for transporting cars and their components during maintenance and repair. Conveyors ensure a constant speed of movement of vehicles and their units and reduce air pollution in the working area.

Equipment for assembly operations is designed to ensure mechanization of assembly and disassembly operations during vehicle maintenance and repair. This equipment includes: hand tools, impact wrenches, automatic and semi-automatic machines for assembling threaded connections.

Car cleaning and washing equipment is designed to remove debris and dust from the interior, body, platform of the car and wash the car as a whole. This equipment includes different vacuum cleaners, jet, jet-brush installations, lines for washing and drying cars and equipment for waste water treatment.

Lubrication and filling equipment includes: oil-dispensing equipment, equipment for lubrication with plastic lubricants, combined lubrication and oil-filling equipment, equipment for filling brake fluid and compressor equipment. This equipment is designed to provide refilling of vehicle units and components with lubricating oils, brake fluid, inflation of tires and control of their pressure.

Painting and drying equipment includes: painting and drying chambers, installations for application paint and varnish materials, paint sprayers and paint mixers.

Equipment for applying anti-corrosion coatings involves supplying and spraying the coating using compressed air directly onto the underbody, into wheel arches and into closed voids of the body.

Equipment for body repair work is used to restore the geometric dimensions of the body after it has been damaged. This equipment includes special stands different designs and power tools.

Scientific organization of labor at workplaces of lines and maintenance posts, in zones and departments current repairs is a great reserve for increasing the productivity of repair workers.

The section contains standard projects for organizing workplaces for repair workers of motor transport enterprises: mechanics - engine mechanics, aggregators, battery workers, carburetor mechanics, electricians, tire fitters, coppersmiths, painters, upholsterers, locksmiths and workers who perform daily vehicle maintenance, first and second maintenance ( TO – 1 and TO – 2).

The equipment of workplaces provided for in these standard projects was adopted according to the sheet of technological and garage equipment at motor transport enterprises, as well as according to the recommendations of scientific research organizations and on the basis of the best experience of the best motor transport enterprises in the country.

Spare parts and necessary technical documentation are provided to workplaces centrally.

Each workplace must have a first aid kit, a sink with cold and hot water, a mirror, soap, a towel or an electric hand dryer.

All workplaces and areas must be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment.

Below are the symbols for Fig. 33 – 48:

1. Workplace of a mechanic - car repairman for fuel equipment (carburetor operator)

The main functions of a carburetor technician are: repair and maintenance of power system devices removed from vehicles; performing seasonal maintenance of power system devices.

Faulty devices or individual parts removed from the vehicle are taken to the carburetor operator’s workplace and washed in a washing unit. After washing, devices or individual parts are blown compressed air on a workbench equipped with a ventilation suction.

The technical condition of devices and parts of the power system is determined by inspection and testing in special installations. Devices that turn out to be in good working order, but require adjustment, are adjusted and then go to the working capital or warehouse. All repaired devices are adjusted and tested.

To ensure normal production activities of the carburetor department and reduce vehicle downtime due to malfunction of instruments or parts of the power system, the carburetor operator’s workplace must have a minimum supply of working units and parts, the size of which is determined by the production and technical department of the enterprise in accordance with the established working capital limit.

There must be a strict division of labor between carburetor workers. All complex work and adjustments are performed by a carburetor technician with a higher (4th) rank. The technological equipment of the carburetor operator's workplace consists of equipment, tools, devices and devices selected according to the types and volumes of work listed in the specification and shown on the layout of the carburetor compartment (Fig. 28). Organizational equipment is selected in accordance with the requirements of the scientific organization of labor for the successful and high-quality performance of basic and additional functions.

The area of ​​the carburetor compartment is determined by summing up the areas occupied by technological and organizational equipment, taking into account the equipment density coefficient of 4.

To perform the total amount of work, three carburetor operators of the 4th and 3rd categories are required. In this case, two carburetor technicians (3rd and 4th categories) work in the carburetor department and one (3rd category) on the line or maintenance area.

In accordance with the current Standard Standards, the carburetor operator is issued the following workwear and special footwear: a cotton suit; vinyl chloride apron; rubber boots (on duty); vinyl chloride sleeves; combined mittens.

Workplace equipment (Table 44 – 46)

Table 44 Technological equipment

Table 45 Technological equipment

Table 46 Organizational equipment

Selection and determination of the required number of diagnostic and repair equipment for motor vehicles of various types and capacities

Technological equipment, as one of the main parts of the material and technological base of maintenance and repair, significantly affects the labor intensity, quality and cost of work, the efficiency of the entire process of maintaining rolling stock in technically sound condition, as well as the productivity and efficiency of vehicle operation.

Wrong choice of equipment leads to: significant economic damage; loss of energy, materials, and sometimes to accidents and downtime at work stations. An increase in the number of pieces of equipment and an increase in the complexity of equipment, if it is chosen incorrectly, leads to an unjustified increase in the number of service personnel and an increase in material and financial costs. Therefore, the choice of equipment is the most important stage development and implementation of measures for mechanization of maintenance and repair at each ATP.

The list and characteristics of the selected equipment, the number of samples of the same name are determined by the requirements arising from the intended goals, scale and content of mechanization measures, and largely depend on the power of the ATP and the available equipment.

Experience shows that greater efficiency of mechanization is achieved if the use of new equipment is reasonably combined with the most effective elements of the current work technology and the use of equipment samples available at the ATP.

ATP various types and capacities have different requirements for the nomenclature and number of equipment samples of the same name.

With an increase in ATP capacity, conditions arise for deeper differentiation of work and specialization of work stations; there is a need to redesign technological production units to significantly increase the throughput of zones, sections and labor productivity of performers.

Under these conditions, it turns out that it is not sufficiently correct to solve the issues of mechanization only through the corresponding number of equipment of the same name. The use of more advanced, high-performance equipment is required, each of which is capable of replacing the existing ones.

The use of high-performance equipment not only reduces the need for labor, but also affects the organization and technology of work at a given workplace, and often also at other adjacent or technologically related ones, thus influencing the need for other samples.

The foregoing indicates an inextricable connection between the organizational and technological aspects of production, the technical capabilities of LTPs of various capacities and equipment of various capacities, as well as the need integrated approach to determine the range of equipment and the required number of samples of the same name.

Selection of diagnostic and repair equipment for ATP and service stations

When choosing equipment, numerous technical, economic, production, and operational requirements are taken into account; their totality can be satisfied at each ATP by various sets of equipment, and certain requirements will be met to varying degrees depending on the specific tasks of mechanization or automation of work. In this case, a multi-alternative task arises of selecting and determining a set of equipment that would best provide the solution to these problems.

For an informed or comprehensive choice necessary equipment For example, the following must be taken into account:

1. technical characteristics, scope, capabilities of each sample;

2. design of vehicles and their service areas using this sample;

3. adaptability of this sample to the types and models of cars available at the ATP;

4. daily or annual labor intensity of vehicle maintenance and repair at the ATP and its share attributable to work using a sample of equipment;

5. number, design, location and specialization of maintenance and TP posts;

6. organization and technology of maintenance and repair at ATP;

7. economic indicators of maintenance and repair and equipment (cost of work, sample, efficiency of its use, etc.).

Choosing the necessary equipment naturally involves comparison various options technical support of work taking into account various criteria and factors, determination the best combination diverse local production conditions and technological equipment capabilities.

The data characterizing the production conditions of the ATP are further called the ATP factors, and the indicators of the technical characteristics of the equipment are called the equipment factors.

Selecting equipment and determining the required number of its samples of the same name consists not only of obtaining or calculating the necessary data, but also of comparing, mutually linking production requirements and the capabilities of the sample.

Although, in some cases, equipment factors can play a primary role (for example, when introducing fundamentally new high-performance equipment, technology changes significantly, and often the organization of maintenance and repair work), and they cannot be considered leading.

Firstly, because such cases are not typical and are observed very rarely, and secondly, because the choice of equipment must always comply with production requirements. Therefore, when choosing equipment and determining the required number of samples of the same name, the primary basis should be the conditions and requirements of production, and therefore the ATP factors.

ATP factors.

1. “ATP capacity” includes data on the list quantity
cars for ATP, and therefore predetermines the daily (annual)
maintenance and repair program and, accordingly, their labor intensity.

The complexity of groups of work or operations by type of maintenance and TP are the basic indicators for determining the need for ATP in many types of equipment - washing and cleaning, lifting and inspection, etc.

2. “Specialization of ATP” characterizes mainly the specialization of ATP in terms of the composition of the vehicle fleet and its type (trucks, cars and buses). He has great importance with a mixed fleet, when choosing equipment specialized for one or two types of vehicles.

3. “The design of vehicles” that are part of the vehicle fleet provides for the need for a more in-depth consideration and detailed consideration of the requirements arising from the characteristics of the design and operation of individual units, vehicle components and the performance of work on them. These requirements are taken into account when choosing highly specialized equipment, for example, the installation of the K-465M model for testing power steering, designed to test the steering directly on cars.

4. “The number of workers, posts, zones and sections” includes the corresponding actual, prospective or calculated (for the construction of new ATP facilities) data. This factor is important when choosing the equipment necessary for arranging and equipping posts or equipment for individual use, for example, workbenches, kits wrenches and etc.

5. “Layout and dimensions of zones, sections, posts” involves the characterization of actual, prospective or calculated operating data of the ATP, the influence of which is manifested mainly when choosing equipment intended for use in different zones, in several sections, posts (for example, carts for transporting and dismantling car wheels, garage jacks, etc.).

6. “Energy-air-water supply” accumulates questions that characterize the capabilities of ATP in providing technological equipment with types of its drive, cooling, etc. The factor is important when choosing equipment of the same value, but with various types its drive, cooling work, for example, solid oil blowers, etc.

7. “The system for organizing maintenance and repair at the ATP” combines issues and requirements for equipment arising from the features of organizational and management decisions carried out at the ATP. The factor is important mainly for large ATPs, where it is often necessary to solve the problems of complex mechanization and automation of maintenance and repair processes, for equipment designed to support constant, specified processes in any production cycle (washing operations, recording and transmission of diagnostic information and etc.).

8. “Technology and content of maintenance and repair work” includes questions on equipment and requirements for it, various technological principles and the nature of the implementation individual transactions or their complexes, the need for a more differentiated approach to the selection of equipment in relation to the current ATP or standard technology.

9. “Specialization of maintenance and repair posts” covers issues related to the characteristics of the equipment of posts and the work performed at them. It provides a number additional requirements to the equipment: suitability for use in given conditions specialization of posts, technology of work on it, distribution of work between performers, etc.

10. “Basic devices of a maintenance and repair station” combine requirements for the selection of equipment related to different designs lifting and inspection base devices(inspection ditch, lift, overpass, etc.). These devices are called basic because they determine the type of post, its capabilities and the conditions for performing work.

11. “Safety” includes issues of ensuring work safety when performing maintenance and repair operations. This factor is universal, as it applies equally to both people and equipment. It is of particular importance when work is performed simultaneously by several performers.

Equipment factors.

1. “Main purpose” contains information about the functions performed by the sample and its intended purpose, which are given in the name of the equipment, in its technical documentation or instructions for use.

2. “Scope of application” combines data on the possibilities of using equipment in automobile transport enterprises (ATP, service stations, etc.) for certain types of cars, etc. Taking this factor into account when choosing equipment for products manufactured by plants of the Rosavtospetsooborudovanie association, such as usually does not cause difficulties, since it is clearly defined in its technical specifications. Some difficulties arise when choosing equipment for general technical purposes (welding equipment, metal-cutting machines, etc.), which is produced by factories in various industries.

Having received a quest from Cardan in the Zaton location, when he asks you to find various tools for him, head to the abandoned one. Without engaging in battle with zombified stalkers, go around the warehouse building on the hill and go down to a separate destroyed house.

Run past the stalled truck and dive through the doorway. Shoot the zombies inside the house, then in one of the 2 rooms find the stairs leading to the attic. Search the small room and take away the tools.

Each technician needs 3 types of tools: tools for rough work, fine work tools and calibration tools.

However, leaving the attic is not so easy. Zombified stalkers will gather in a heap to shoot and block the passage, preventing the player from exiting with inaccurate but dense fire. Break open the boxes in the attic and take out the grenades. Throw them into the cracks on the floor into the cluster of dead stalkers. When those are scattered by the explosion, go down and run as fast as possible.

After this, you should visit the substation west of the Circus anomaly. As you approach it, you will be stopped by the menacing shout of the mercenaries holed up in it. Make an agreement with them, promising to bring food. In exchange for food, the mercenaries will allow you to dig around in the backyard of the substation, where, after a short search, you will find another set of tools.

Nitrogen Tool Set

Moving to the Jupiter location, you will also have to look for tools for a local technician named Azoth. To do this, walk along the railroad tracks to the south until you come across an abandoned train on the bridge. Climb onto the bridge and jump down the open hatch on the roof. Run through the cabin to the vestibule, where you will find tools on the floor. Having received what you want, jump onto the windowsill, sit down and climb out the window.

Another set of instruments is located on the territory of the Jupiter plant. To do this, go to the “Concrete Bath” anomaly, where you will find iron gate leading to the factory yard. Once inside, move to the right multi-story building, where you climb to the very top. On top floor There will be tools in the right corner.

The tools for each technician are interchangeable. You can take the tools from the Jupiter location to Cardan at the Zaton location, and you can give the tools from the Zaton to Azoth at Jupiter. Such a replacement will not affect anything.

Calibration Tools

Having reached the Pripyat location, go north to the old building of the former KBO. Go to the second floor and search the shelves, one of which will contain tools. Take them and fight off or run away from the burer who attacked you.

Another set of tools is located in the south of the dead city in the basement of a department store. Having climbed into it, you will be attacked by a flock of mutated jerboas. Disperse them with bursts and follow the fleeing monsters. Run after them into the closet that served as their nest, finish off the remaining rodents and pick up the tools.