The concept of comfort is closely connected with a warm and calm home. To create some brick or concrete walls today is not enough. Therefore B. modern construction The various thermal insulation materials are so popular, one of which is the well-known mineral wool. Does this insulation be able to save homemade warm Under conditions of harsh winter and provide coolness to a hot summer, we will tell in detail.

Mineral Wat and its types

This is one of the most famous. modern materialsused for thermal insulation. It consists of randomly twisted individual fibers. Such a structure is formed as a result of spraying of molten glass, rocks, or a domain slag. As a rule, the Minvata is made in the form of mats or plates. For a stronger clutch of fibers in the stoves, they are impregnated with different substances, such as water-repellent oil and phenol swept. The plates are most often used as a heat insulating layer on individual objects, and mats are for isolation of large surfaces.

There are several varieties of mineral insulation:

• It is made from glass fiber obtained as a result of mixing of glass and various substances (sand, limestone, dolomite, soda). This species Differs high chemical resistance. The density of the material is 130 kg / m3 in loose state, the fiber length reaches 15-50 mm with a thickness of 5-15 μm. The maximum heating temperature, which is capable of withstanding glass gamble - 500 degrees.

• . Most often is made from the melt of gabbro-basalt rocks. The length of the fiber 4-12 microns with a thickness of 16 mm. Such a wool withstands the heating temperature not higher than 300 degrees.

• obtained from molten blade slag is identical with stone wool fiber dimensions. But the maximum temperature that it can withstand is equal to 600 degrees.

Minvata has a different fiber structure: corrugated, horizontally layered and vertically laminated, which allows it to be used in a variety of structures.

Scope of mineral wool

The main purpose of the Minvati is the sound and thermal insulation of construction objects (with a temperature not higher than 700 degrees). It is used:

• for thermal insulation in mounted facades, oil and gas pipelines, pipelines on power plants, as well as pipelines of thermal networks;

• as insulation of concrete and three-layer panels;

• for unloaded isolation of inclined, horizontal and vertical enclosing construction objects;

• for heat and sound insulation, flat-type roofs;

• as the heat insulator ceilings, floors and inner partitions.

The use of minvati for certain purposes depends on its density. This indicator has notation: P-75, P-125, PJ-175, PPH-200. The latter look has increased rigidity and is used mainly to increase the fire resistance of the erected structures.

Mineral wool has a valuable set of functional qualities and is considered the most optimal option insulation country houses and cottages.

Advantages of using Minvati

Choosing a mineral wool for insulation, you are undoubtedly getting certain benefits. Because:

• Mineral Wool promotes aircraft, perfectly passing air and couples, and minimize the formation of condensate. Therefore, the climate in premises warmed by the Minvata is always favorable.

• Because of its foundation - mineral crumb, minvat is absolutely not susceptible to burning. What makes it a fire-resistant material, and walls insulated with its help acquire additional protection against fire. This quality is especially valuable for wood buildings, which are known to be afraid of fires.

• Mineral wool has a rather high level of resistance to moisture. With good vapor permeability, it also has a water-repellent ability. This insulation effectively prevents the penetration of dampness, which is especially useful for frame-type houses. And the structure, protected from moisture, has a longer service life.

• In rooms equipped with the participation of Minvati, guaranteed protection against outdoor noise. Possessing elasticity and flexibility, the mineral insulation is rightfully considered excellent material for sound insulation.

• Stability to mechanical stress positively affect the service life of Minvati. For all the time it does not change the form and size and is not prone to shrinkage.

• Various atmospheric phenomena (including repeated periods of freezing and thawing) do not have a negative impact on physical properties This insulation and does not destroy the structure of its fibers.

• Minvata does not take you inconvenience during transportation and will not require special skills when installing. Plates of mineral insulation are easy to cut, so their size can be changed according to your requests.

• This material has various options Coatings: glass cholester, aluminium foil, Special kraft paper.

• Minvata refers to the number of few materials with the optimal value for money and quality. By choosing it on the role of the insulation, you get a decent product at an acceptable value.

• Mineral insulation will please you with lack of deformationsSince all the time it gives only a minimum shrinkage.

• The fact that minvat is an inorganic product guarantees protection against attacks of microorganisms and rodents.

Impletent list positive qualities Mineral wool highlights it against the background of other competitors. Possessing the complete arsenal of the necessary characteristics for the effective thermal insulation of structures, it is considered durable and durable material.

Are there disadvantages of mineral wool?

However, purchasing this product, consider all negative points related to its use. For example:

• In the process of working with mineral wool, there is a chance of allocating a dangerous substance to human health - phenol. But experts argue that this situation may occur only at very high temperatures. And in conditions with normal temperature Minvata is not more dangerous than other building materials. And yet, when working with a mineral insulation, it gets into the air of the smallest particles, entering them into the lungs and the eyes of a person is extremely undesirable and dangerous. To prevent unpleasant consequences, the use of respirator and safety glasses is recommended.

How to choose high-quality minvatu, avoiding fakes?

The effectiveness of thermal insulation of any structure depends on the quality of the material used. In order to determine the quality of mineral wool, we recommend to take note useful advice :

• If the packaging does not notice information about the product and the manufacturer, the links to the GOST are not presented, which should correspond to the characteristics of the material, the quality of this product sold is quite doubtful.

• High-quality glass wool has a uniform structure and color, it does not stick to the touch, it does not break and does not rush.

• Plates are good stone wati Do not relax, have a uniform structure, do not crumble, are not subject to deformation and keep the initial form.

• Mineral wool, produced in Germany, is considered the best quality.

• The price of this product depends on its density. Consequently, the higher the density, the more expensive mineral insulation. Do not seduce at cheap slag and glassware, since their thermal insulation qualities will be quite low.

Important Tip: Carefully examine the product label and information specified on it. In order to make sure whether the thickness of the wool corresponds to the package declared on the package, partially open it and compare!

Technology of insulation of facades with mineral wool

Armed with high-quality minvatu, you can proceed to the insulation of the facade yourself. This step-by-step instruction will help to achieve best result And avoid mistakes when installing.

1. The first thing should be cleaned the surface on which the wool will be attached. Remove dust, garbage and oil spots. Eliminate cracks and Oskol, if any.

2. Prepare a solution for gluing the material. In this case, this is a special glue for mineral wool. It is for sale in bags in the form of a dry mix, which you want to fall asleep into the container. Then add cold water, the number of which is designated on the package, and mix thoroughly.

3. The next step is the fastening of the insulation. For accuracy of laying, use the level, do not forget to control the joints that, in order to avoid the appearance of the "cold bridges", must be minimum thickness. To prevent the formation of cracks during operation, it is advisable to apply plastic dowels. Due to the high weight of the wool, a warmed surface can be simply collapsed, and the presence of dowels will help prevent this unpleasant moment.

4. Reinforcement is an extremely important procedure that protects and strengthens insulation material preventing linear expansion. To perform reinforcement, apply a cooked glue solution on the Minvatu, then put a special grid resistant to alkalis. Next, re-apply glue already on the grid.

5. Implementation decorative finish - the final stage. Decoration is carried out using special plaster and facade paint.

The thickness of the plates of Minvata is selected according to the climatic conditions of the region. In the absence of the material of the desired thickness, the insulation is allowed into two layers, using the "Missing" method.

Video: What is mineral wool?

Arbolit: On the unique properties of the "forgotten" building materials

Minvatu is used for thermal insulation of buildings of all types, heat trains, pipelines. Material is based on natural components - rocks with the addition of synthetic binder. The insulation is distinguished by high strength, low thermal conductivity, simple installation. Below are given detailed description and characteristics of mineral wool for insulation.

Mineral wool - This is a thermal insulation material with a fibrous structure, which is made of mineral raw materials from the depths of the Earth using the synthetic binder. Molds of rocks protrude as raw materials.

Mineral wool has the following varieties:

• Basalt Vata.(stone) - made of melts of erupted rocks
• Shlakov - Made from the melt of a domain slag
• Glass - made of glass melt

Other material names - Minvata, mineral wool insulation.

Composition and technology of production of minvati

The composition of the insulation of mineral wool includes silicate melts of domain slags, erupted and sediment rocks. Materials from the earth's crust make up to 80% of its composition. The combination and percentage of entry of this or that raw material depends on the type of Minvati.

Stone wool in its composition contains gabbro or diabases, blast slags, mixtures. Mineral components - clay, dolomite, limestone - added to it as impurities to increase the flow of material. Their content reaches 35%. The binder is a substance based on the formaldehyde resin, which in the composition is much less - 2.5-10%.

Shelotte also has a fibrous structure. It is made from domain slag - waste of the metallurgical industry when smelting cast iron in the domain. Material fibers have a small size - a thickness of 4-12 microns, a length of up to 16 mm.

Raw materials for the production of glass gambles are sand, dolomite, soda, limestone, bora, glass battle.

The percentage of the starting materials is selected so as to ensure the maximum quality of future fiber - hydrophobicity, chemical neutrality, durability, high thermal insulation indicators, resistance to loads.

The production of mineral insulation begins with melting the mixture of raw materials. To do this, they are loaded into bathrooms, vagranca or mine melting furnaces. The melting point is strictly observed, which is in the range of 1400-1500 s, since the length and width of the fibers depends on the degree of viscosity of the melt, and therefore technical and heat insulating properties Minvati.

The mixture brought to the desired degree of viscosity is then placed in centrifuges with rolls rotating at speeds of more than 7000 revolutions per minute. They tear it on thin fibers. The fiber centrifuge is covered by the binder component. After that, the powerful air flow throws them into a special camera in which they form a carpet of the right size.

Next, the material enters the corrugated or lamella car, where it is attached to the necessary form and volume. After that, it is exposed to high temperature effects in the thermocamera. At the same time, the binders undergo polymerization, and the wool acquires the final volume and form. The final thermal processing forms the strength characteristics of the insulation. Finished minvatu is cut into blocks and pack.

The concept of "mineral wool" and materials related to it are defined in GOST 31913-2011 (international Standard ISO 9229: 2007).

Marking and release form

Classification and marking of mineral wool are produced on the basis of its density. In accordance with this parameter, the following grades of insulation are distinguished:

• P-75. This is a wool with a density of 75 kg / cube. It is used for insulation of horizontal unloaded surfaces - attic, roof, as well as for insulation of pipelines of heatpets, oil and gas pipelines
• P-125. Wool density of this brand - 125 kg / cube. It is used to isolation of unloaded surfaces of any position in space, as well as floors and ceilings, as a middle layer in three-layer walls of the buildings of small floors of ceramzitbetone, brick, aerated concrete
• PJ-175. Watt this brand isolate walls and overlaps from reinforced concrete and profiled metal sheet
• PPH-200. The scope of the previous brand is identical, plus an increase in fire resistance of engineering and building structures

Mineral wool manufacturers for insulation offer consumers various forms of this material, which have some differences in the characteristics and scope of application:

• Basalton-based plates have the greatest density. They can be used under concrete screeds and in places where the insulation will be exposed to high loads
• Rolls and mats have a small density, so designed for the insulation of unloaded structures - inter-storey overlaps, walls, roofs, etc. The firmware thermal insulation mats from mineral wool are used to insulate the surfaces of industrial equipment and pipes having a temperature of up to 400 C.

Cylinders with a hole inside are considered the best option For insulation of pipes

Characteristics of mineral wool

• Strength. 0.08-06 kg / kV. See depending on the material brand.
• Mineral wool density. 35-100 kg / cube. M depending on the density of the material. Heat plates have an average size of 0.6 square meters. m, so they have a small weight, which facilitates installation.
• Shrinkage Minvates are negligible and amounts to the interests of the percent. Due to this, even with long-term operation of its properties, such as fire resistance and sound absorption, do not deteriorate.
• Thermal conductivity. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of mineral wool depends on the density and is 0.036-0.060 W / mgrad. The thermal conductivity of the insulation is inferior only with polystyrene materials. It should be borne in mind that in the first years of operation due to the absorption of moisture, thermal conductivity increases by an average of 50%.
• Frost resistance. Accurate values \u200b\u200bare not set by gtostas and that. W. different manufacturers Indicators may differ.
• Water absorption. The hydrophobized wool has an indicator of 6-30% with full immersion in water. Humidity of dry material - 1%
• Parp permeability. In the absence of vaporizolation equal to 1.
• Fire resistance. Material refers to non-combustible and is used to insulate surfaces with a temperature of up to +400 C. Mineral wool fibers start melting only after a 2-hour effect of temperature in 1000 C.
• Cost. Depending on the form of release, it is determined per square meter. m or cube. m. The price of plates from mineral wool depends on many factors - thickness used raw materials, density, etc. Shops also assign the price for packaging.
• Soundproofing. Insulation is used as noise insulation. The coefficient of ivocoloscopes of special acoustic plates from the Minvati is 0.7-09.
• Toxicity. The results of the latest studies show that mineral wool health harm does not represent. According to the Classification of Mair, it refers to the 3rd group of carcinogenic substances to which products like coffee and tea also belong.
• Life time. Declared by manufacturers Term - 50 years.

The advantages and disadvantages of Minvati

The benefits include:

• Low thermal conductivity, which makes it excellent insulation
• Foreign safety
• Resistance to temperature drops. The material is not deformed when heated / cooling
• Chemical I. biological stability
• Excellent vapor permeability, thanks to which the material "breathes"
• Easy mounting

Disadvantages:

• Requires treatment with water-repellent means to reduce moisture absorption. When absorbing moisture, heat insulating properties are reduced, cold bridges are formed
• Large mass Compared with foam, which increases the cost of delivery of the material

Scope of application

Minvatu is used for the heat and sound insulation of buildings and structures, as well as structures and pipelines. Specific use methods:

• Heat insulation of walls and ceilings bath
• Unloaded isolation of enclosing structures of any spatial position of all types of buildings
• Thermal insulation of mounted ventilated facades
• Warming in systems wet facade
• Insulation industrial equipment, networks and highways
• Heat and sound insulation of roofs

Methods of installation

Plates from Minvati are mounted in two ways: dry and wet. The first implies laying the plates into the gap between the wall and the trim. To do this, a wooden or metal frame is created. The insulation is laid between the profiles. Wet fashion - It is sticking the plates to the surface of the wall with the subsequent carrying of primer and the reinforcement of the grid. Installation of mineral wool cylinders is produced using self-adhesive tape or thin wire.

Questions and answers on the topic

Any residential premises must be warmly insulated. Maintaining a comfortable temperature is one of the primary tasks that you have to solve when erecting a new object, or after an expiration of its operation. One of the reliable and qualitative materialsWith which it is possible to deter heat inside the room, is mineral wool.

The definition of this insulation is enshrined by GOST 31913-2011. This type of materials includes any heaters made of molten rocks and melted metal shag. Minds of Minvati There are several, each of them is characteristic, features of execution.

According to the composition, materials are similar, the difference is in the duration and volume of composite particles that fill the element for insulation. The number and size of the components are different, the properties can be changed. It is important to understand, a variety is required in a certain case. The choice of one or another material is predetermined, depending on the need to maintain mechanical loads, weather conditions in the region.

Composition and varieties of Minvati

Various manufacturers offer different variants Structures of material. They differ density, composition. At the heart, in any case, a certain rock will be lying. More often is carbonate or breed based on basalt. All this is the residual composition after metal production. Approximately 10% of Minvati includes additives that serve to improve characteristics.

To increase the density, a knitting composition is used. It is usually a resin with a phenol or clay from Benita. To increase the thermal insulation and better storage of the material, on top of the insulation is covered with the finest paper layer. Aluminum and polyethylene particles are added to it. You can receive more detailed information about the composition of the insulation by reading the information on the package.

Mineral wool varieties

The characteristics of the insulation are completely dependent on the particles that make up the material.

Severators distinguish between insulation:

• The most common type of insulation. The thickness of the villi is 5-15 μm, length - up to 5 cm. This size of the components makes the plates durable, elastic. It is important to comply with the safety rules during the implementation of insulation activities. Thin threads may damage airwaysIf breathing near the composition. The fibers are forced to hide the skin, cause allergies, burning. Be sure to use the respirator and gloves, overalls.

• Slag. Consists of 4-12 μm thick fibers, their length is 1.5 cm. Because of its composition, there are unreasonable disadvantages. They do not allow using material in many areas. When interacting with the metal, it will definitely be oxidized. The insulation quickly absorbs fluid, and thermal insulation characteristics are almost completely reset. It is rarely used to work in residential buildings.

• Stone wool. The thickness fibers do not exceed 5-12 microns, along the length of 1.6 cm. The properties are similar to the previous type of wool. The advantage - the substance is not stroke, which will make it easier to the installation process. Water absorbs badly, because the material is often used for work on the insulation of residential objects or economic premises.

• Basalt wool. Made from Gabbro. Does not contain many unpleasant additives such as limestone and other types of slags. Usually, the Minvat insulation is sold in rolls, thanks to which the contents do not deteriorate for a long time. The insulation is not in combustion, with direct contact with the flame, melting occurs.

Minvata, the dimensions of which can be very different depending on the manufacturer, varies with stamps. They differ in density and degree of insulation.

Options are possible:

• P-75. Density of 75 kg / cm 3.
• P-125. Density 125 kg / cm 3.
• PJ-175. Density of 175 kg / cm 3.
• PPH-200. The density is 200 kg / cm 3.

Comparative Table of Mineral Wool Characteristics

Pros and Cons Mineral Wool

To properly select the thermal insulation material, decide on its type, it is important to know the advantages and disadvantages.

Among the advantages of mineral wools are distinguished:

• High thermal insulation characteristics. Minvata occupies one of the leading positions among insulation this indicator. It is used everywhere, there is no need to add an additional thermal insulation layer or material.
• Waterproof. Vata misses couples well and poorly absorbs water. Thanks to this property, the wall walls will always be dry if the laying was performed correctly, vapor barrier and waterproofing were added.
• Resistance to chemical compounds. Mineral wool retains properties and characteristics, does not deteriorate when exposed to aggressive acids, not destroyed in an alkaline medium.
• High air exchange rates. Heater Mineral Wat passes air, therefore, a comfortable microclimate in the room is preserved. Walls will not raw. No need for ventilation is often absent.
• Good sound insulation. If the room is insulated by the Minvata, almost no sounds will be heard from the street.
• Fire resistance. One of the important characteristics. The material will not support the flame, contribute to its distribution. There is no excretion of caustic substances when melting.
• Duration of operation. Manufacturers set the service life of elements at the level of 25-50 years. During this period in inner space Insulation will not spread microorganisms, multiply the fungus. Rodents do not make holes in the stoves.
• Environmental purity. The production process does not affect the environment. During operation, harmful substances are not highlighted.

Disadvantages of mineral wool:

• lowering operational characteristics after wetting. After water absorption by 2%, thermal insulation properties decrease by 10%. To correct the situation, manufacturers surround Minvatu with additional layers. Mandatory is the installation of high-quality vapor barrier and waterproofing;
• allocation of dust. Especially relevant for glass gambles and slag. When working, harmful villi, capable of harming human health. When working with the material, protective elements must be used;
• selection of steam resins. Some manufacturers argue that the discharge from the resin is able to harm health. However, according to the results of the latest studies, it became clear that this is not the case. The number of dangerous discharge is so small that it is unable to harm the person.

Speaking of shortcomings, it is worth considering the manufacturer. Many minuses are practically reduced due to modern additives, additives.

Is mineral wool for health harmful

The binding elements highlight harmful components for humans, this is true. Mineral wool manufacturers claim that the content of substances capable of harming the human health in the insulation is negligible. It is possible to fully ensure health safety only if all prescribed operating rules are performed.

Important: Even the slightest deviation from the norm, the technologies of execution, or error during installation, lead to negative for health effects.

It is possible to determine that the harm of health is caused by mineral wool, it is possible by certain signs. Headaches arise, pressure drops. The state of a person worsens slowly, there is a general ailment. It is possible to identify the source of negative sensations after checking the room. Sometimes problems arise due to errors made by mounting.

Phenol is present in the mineral wool. The substance is quickly absorbed through the skin, affects the brain. Minimum poisoning can cause nausea, headache. In order to prevent this one, it is worth following the installation rules installed by the manufacturer.

Choice and use of minvati

You can purchase goods in the form of tiles or rolled rolls. The insulation is suitable for working with the roof, vertical surfaces, interior space and floor. It is possible to use in other suitable places. Work can be conducted on a flat surface, or with bends - the properties from this do not change. The composition is divided into brands that differ in the indicator of density. They are used in different places.

Use of mineral wool:

• P-75. You can use in attics, roof. The main thing - the wool should not be exposed to large loads due to a minor density. The composition turns around the heat center, pipes. In the case of a density is lower than that of the P-75 brand, use is possible only in places where the load is completely absent.
• P-125. Warm floor, ceiling, walls between rooms. It is possible to use as a sound insulation material.
• PJ-175. Due to the high rigidity rate, the use of material is possible on concrete Walls or metal sheet profiles.
• PPH-200. Used in the same place where the previous variety. The difference is to increase the fire safety material.

The cost of the product is completely depends on the density. The indicator above, the more difficult production process. The amount of fibers increases, the thermal insulation characteristics increase. It should be selected based on the location of the dwelling, on how cold winters and hot summer.

Characteristics are changing depending on the location of the fibers. Vertical location is the best protection against noise and maintaining heat. Chaotic - increased strength, the ability to withstand dynamic loads.

Be sure to check whether the product is made according to GOST. Information about this is applied to packaging. The dimensions of the insulation may differ in the package. Be sure to tell the seller to open it to make sure that the thickness of the sheets personally. It is advisable to acquire the goods from manufacturers from Europe. The composition is mainly better than domestic.

Slotovat and glass gamble are inexpensive, if compared with other materials for insulation. However, it is necessary to thoroughly think about their acquisition. They contribute to the formation of redness of the skin, allergic reaction, skin cover itches if the installation is made incorrectly and occurred with the body. During operation, the same problems for residents at home are possible.

Best Mineral Wool Manufacturers

Manufacturers of Minvati will not be added to the list by defining the best or worst. Each of their material has its drawbacks, advantages, there is a difference in characteristics.

The following brands enjoy confidence:

Goods are manufactured and implemented in Russia, although the roots of the enterprise are in Denmark. Price cheating minimum, goods worthy quality. Builders confirm that products are worthy of respect. Here are increased fire-safety indicators (up to 1000 o C), noise absorption. Environmental purity is confirmed by the international Ecomaterial Green certificate. To buy only reliable suppliers - a lot of fakes in the market.

Paroc.

Wat perfectly keeps the size, does not begin to dry even after 10 years of operation. Products are worthy, however the price is high. The main stop manufacturer makes high rates Heat insulation. Isolation from noise, too, at the height.

Isover

It is made only glass gamble and stone wool. The manufacturer has a deservedly good reputation in Russia, abroad. There are all the necessary quality certificates. One of the new products is glass gamble without dust and with minimal stratification. The price / quality ratio is optimal here, although product quality is unlikely to compare with more expensive brands.

Knauf.

Produces many products for construction market. Heat insulation is one of the best, she enjoyed in all spheres. Isolation can be specialized, that is, it serves for a specific purpose: heat insulation, noise, steam. Other indicators may be underestimated, due to which the price of the product is down.

URSA.

It offers a new generation mineral wool. Performed by special technology. Product is environmentally friendly. The binding element from acrylic is completely safe for health. There are many other types of watts that do not differ in price and quality from other manufacturers in the top.

Often a detailed analysis of competitors, material properties, characteristics, insulation dimensions, minvati or some other, allows you to determine which option is optimal. With mineral wool, it will not be possible to determine. Many manufacturers supply a truly high-quality product, approximately equal by price, characteristics.

FAQ

How to determine whether wata quality?

The quality of the composition can be checked by examining the packaging. It is necessarily applied to the GOST, it is stamped. The mark of the passage of the relevant expertise is set.

How to understand whether the product is suitable for home?

Determine whether the mineral wool is suitable for a specific area of \u200b\u200bthe house, it is possible by the density of the material. Consider worth performance features, wall thickness of the dwelling. For example, Vata brand P-75 is not suitable for installation on the walls, it is better to use more dense compositions.

What kind of wool is better?

Determine what kind of wool is better, the technical characteristics of which will definitely fail. Each manufacturer offers a product that is slightly characteristic. It is worth choosing based on the price category. Preparate only products of proven manufacturers.

Are the rodents in the mineral wool (flickering, slag stone cotton,)?

In the mineral cotton, rodents are breed, so it is worth thinking about the additional protection of the material.

Mineral wool is one of the best insulationavailable on the market. It possesses all necessary characteristics, quality. Correct installation It will improve the thermal insulation of any surface of the house, and the durability of the material allocates it among other similarities in the functions of the compositions.

High-quality thermal insulation of the house reliably protects against frost and summer heat. For its installation, a wide range of materials is offered. Among them, the mineral wool, its varieties and characteristics, we consider it a worthy place.

Mineral wool - fibrous insulation, properties and structure of which depend on the initial raw materials. For its production, three types of material are used:

• glass;
• domain slag;
• mountain breeds - dolomite, basalt, diabases.

Raw materials for mineral wool production due to processing to give persistent fibers and have low temperature melt. Material used B. pure form (basalt, diabases) or in the composition of the mixture. From chemical composition Raw materials depends the diameter and length of fibers. Their standard size is 1-10 μm, length from 2-3 mm to 20-30 cm. With an increase in the fiber diameter, its thermal conductivity increases, so the parameter value is usually limited to 8 microns. Long fibers add softness and elastic products.

Features and properties of minvati varieties

Glass wool - made of a mixture of sedimentary rocks (limestone, sand, dolomite), as well as from glass waste. In the production process, elastic fibers are obtained. yellow color. After transportation and opening of the package, the material quickly restores the form. The mineral wool insulation is offered in rolls and plates of different stiffness.

Products with foil or glass cholester layer are available. The lack of material is the brittleness and quilk of the fibers. They cause irritation on the skin, in the eyes and lungs. Working with insulation is needed in protective glasses, suit and respirator. Material Indicators:

• thermal conductivity - 0.03-0.052 W / (M * K);
• length and diameter of fibers - 15-50 mm, 5-15 microns;
• limit temperature - + 450ºC.

The slag wool is made from the waste of domain and Marten furnaces. This type of insulation has fragile fibers and requires careful circulation. Material has high hygroscopicity, and when wets, acidic properties are shown. It is not recommended to use for thermal insulation of pipes and facades of the building.

The slag wool is installed as a filler in frame houses, But only for dry premises. This is the most unreliable view of the mineral wool, its dignity is low cost.

Characteristics:

• thermal conductivity - 0.046-0.048 W / (M * K);
• length and diameter of fibers - 16 mm, 4-11 microns;
• operating temperature - + 300ºC.

Stone wool - raw materials for its production melts of rocks. Bituminous, composite and synthetic compositions are used as binding substances. The use of phenol formaldehyde resins is common, thanks to which thermal insulation properties are improved. Mineral wool plates From the basalt is not lit, withstand high loads, do not attract rodents. Durable material is used for thermal insulation of buildings and to protect the air ducts, columns, overlaps, penetrations through the roof.

Stone wool indicators:

• thermal conductivity - 0.035-0.042 W / (M * K);
• length and diameter of fibers - up to 50 mm, 5-10 μm;
• limit temperature - + 600-1000º.

Main characteristics of mineral wool

The popularity of material among consumers is explained by its working properties and affordable price. The insulation is produced by the form of rolls, plates, mats and a fibrous mass applied with a compressor. Among the benefits of Minvati:

• Fire resistance - material one of the few insulation, which does not support burning.
• Low thermal conductivity coefficient - mineral wool reliably holds heat, preventing it in passing. The insulation layer of 10 cm in terms of efficiency is 25 cm of a bar and 117 cm of a brick wall.
• Parry permeability - layer of thermal insulation does not limit the natural air exchange and provides a healthy microclimate indoor.
• Biological stability - all types of mineral wool are not exposed to mold and fungus, do not represent interests for rodents.
• Durability - basalt material retains properties for 50 years. The slag minvat will last less, it is advisable to use it for temporary buildings - warehouses, sheds.
• Soundproofing - thanks to a fibrous structure with a large air content, the insulation is an excellent noise insulator.

Roll size heat insulating material Makes up: width - 1.2 m, length from 7 to 12 m, thickness - 50 mm, and the plates have a greater variation of the dimensions depending on the manufacturer's brand.

Effect of density on the properties of the insulation

When choosing a heat-insulating material, it is necessary to take into account its density and thickness. Weighing, resistance to load and deformation and the cost of the insulation are dependent on these indicators.

• Rolled canvas density of 35 kg / m3 is used to horizontal placement without load.
• Mineral wool plates 75 kg / m3 are installed in interior partitions, Floor and ceiling.
• The facade insulation occurs with the material with an indicator of 125 kg / m3.
• Hard plates Minvati are used for inter-storey floors and carrier reinforced concrete structures.

Provide protection of building structures from fire and sufficient strength for insulation of the roof and floors under the tie allows the increased rigidity of the material and the density of 200 kg / m3.
This indicator slightly affects sound insulation properties and vapor permeability.

Minvata in the form of plates: properties and features

The insulation in the stoves is convenient in the installation, models are produced with grooves for dense docking without cold bridges. Size ranges from 0.6-1 per 1.2m, the thickness is 30-200 mm. The material is made with one or more layers, it can rein the fiberglass, increase resistance to moisture due to additives. The hardness of the plate mineral wool there are several types:

• soft - laid in attics, turn the pipelines;
• semi-rigid - compacted by spraying bitumen or synthetic resin, are used for the outer insulation of the walls, the manufacture of sandwich panels;
• hard - serve for thermal insulation metal structures, outer walls, roofs.

Mats, cylinders and minvat for strangling

Mineral wool slabs are small and easily installed independently. Mates differ from them with large dimensions - 7-12 m. Working with such a material is better with a partner. The essential area of \u200b\u200bthe insulation allows you to quickly lay a layer of thermal insulation on the ceiling or wall. As a result, the minimum of the seams that need to be embedded are formed. When transporting, the mats are folded into the roll, after buying and cutting the packaging, they easily restore the form.

Cylinders are used for thermal insulation of highways. Strengthen the stiffness of the design of the wool allows the use of a reinforcing grid, and the foil protects it outside. Product dimensions: Inner diameter from 12 to 325 mm, length 1.2 m, thickness from 20 to 90 mm.

Material based on fiberglass is used without the formation of rolls or plates, it is blended to the surface that needs to be inspired. Such technology allows you to isolate complex constructive elements Roof.

Disadvantages of thermal insulation material

Due to hygroscopicity, mineral wool isolation needs mandatory moisture protection. When using a material in a multi-layered structure, it is powered by hydro and vaporizolation web.

Another minus insulation - brittle fibers that are irritated when mounting the skin and mucous membrane. This is especially true of glass and slag wool. They need them in protective equipment and respirator.

Consumer anxiety causes formaldehyde composed of Minvati. The insulation with phenolic compounds is better to use outside, although it is not dangerous at normal temperature. When using mineral wool, it is important to comply with technology and be sure to cover the material layer. vaporizolation film, inappropriate dust from fibers to penetrate the room, and moisture into thermal insulation.

Due to the constant rise in price of coolants and increasing payment costs communal services Many people pay attention to the insulation of their homes.

Among other materials, the use of mineral wool is far from last.

What is Minvat and what is its features?

Distinctive characteristics

Mineral wool is a derived insulation, in order to use heat-insulating structures with its help.

Recently, due to the fact that it has stunning characteristics, it began to be widely used in the construction of both residential buildings and the construction of commercial facilities. Moreover, used on a par like slabs having various sizesAnd her rolls.

Most often with the help of minvats, walls and roofs of residential premises are insulated. The reason for the small thermal conductivity, which has a stone wool.

Features of stone wool

Thanks to its technical characteristics, mineral wool confidently leads among other varieties of thermal insulation materials.

With regard to thermal conductivity, sound insulation, flammability and vapor permeability, she confidently walks in front of competitors. To date, most of the companies selling mineral wool market offer it in several form of release.

See the video in which a specialist explains in detail the features of mineral wool as insulation: