Edition with changes No. 1, 2, 3, 4, approved in June 1976, March 1980, February 1986, March 1989 (IUS 7-76, 5-80, 5-86, 5-89 ).

Resolution State Committee Standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on September 3, 1974 No. 2089 Date of introduction is established

01.07.75

The limitation of the term was filmed by the decision of the USSR State Standard from 13.03.89 No. 455

This standard applies to paintwork (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of products of products and establishes groups, technical requirements and designation of coatings.

1. Coating groups

1.1. Depending on the purpose of the coating is divided into groups installed in Table. one.

Table 1

Coat group	Operating conditions	Designation of operating conditions
Weather-resistant	Climatic factors
Waterproof	Marine fresh water And her couple
	Freshwater and her couple
	Sea water
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological effects, etc.
	X-ray and other types of radiation
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 ° C)
	Open flame
	Impact of biological factors
Oclochno-resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
	Mineral oils and lubricants
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
Chemically resistant	Various chemical reagents
	Aggressive gases, couples
	Solutions of acids and acidic salts
	Solutions of alkalis and base salts
	Solutions of neutral salts
Heat-resistant	Temperature above 60 ° C
Electrical insulating and electrical wires	Electricity, tension, electric arc and surface discharges
	Electrically insulating
	Electrically conductive

Note. The value of the limiting temperature is added to the designation of the operating conditions of heat-resistant coatings, for example, 8,160 ° C.

If necessary, the value of the limit temperature is added to the designation of the operating conditions of other coatings, for example, 4 60 ° C, 6/1 150 ° C, 8,200 ° C.

Section. one.

2. Technical requirements

2.1. Coatings must comply with the requirements set in Table. 2.

table 2

Class coating	Name of defect	Norm for coatings
										relief
		monophonic							pictures (hammer)	"Moaren"	"Shagrenova"
		high-glossy	glossy, including lesing effect		semiLantsev	semmatovy		deeply matte	glossy and semi-units	semiam and matt	semmatovy
	Inclusion:	Not allowed
	quantity, pc / m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	distances between inclusions, mm, not less
		Not allowed					Not allowed
		Not allowed					Not allowed
	Strokes, risks	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Mound	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	size, mm, no more
	distance between inclusions, mm, no more
		Alignment is allowed							Not normalized
	Strokes, risks	Separately allowed
		Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed
	Mound	Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure	Not normalized							Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	quantity, pcs / m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
				Alignment is allowed					Not normalized
				Not allowed
	Strokes, risks			Separately allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound			Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure			Not normalized					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	size, mm, no more
	distance between inclusions, mm, not less
				Allowed					Not normalized
				Not allowed
	Strokes, risks			Separately allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound			Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure			Not normalized					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	quantity, pcs / dm, no more
	size, mm, no more
					Allowed				Not normalized
					Separately allowed
	Strokes, risks				Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound				Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure				Not normalized				Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	quantity, pc / dm 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
					Allowed				Not normalized
					Separately allowed
	Strokes, risks				Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound				Allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure				Not normalized				Allowed
	Inclusion				Do not normal						Do not normal
					Not normalized						Not normalized
					Do not normal						Do not normal
	Strokes, risks				Do not normal						Do not normal
	Waviness, mm, no more				Not normalized						Not normalized
	Mound				Not normalized						Not normalized
	Inhomogeneity of Figure				Not normalized						Not normalized

Notes:

1. The sign "-" denotes that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or economically inappropriate.

2. In technical cases, the use of high-chart coatings for III - IV classes, glossy - for V - VII is allowed. At the same time, the standards for high-glossy coatings of III - IV classes must comply with the standards for glossy coatings, glossy V - VII classes - for semiamatic.

3. For products with an area of \u200b\u200bstainable surface less than 1 m 2 For I - III classes, the number of inclusions are counted on this area if not the integer is obtained, then the value is rounded towards a larger number. The table shows the size of one inclusion. When assessing the coating, all inclusions visible under the conditions of paragraph 2.6 are taken into account. For the coating of all classes, another number of inclusions is allowed if the size of each power on and the total inclusion size does not exceed the specified class specified for this class in the table.

4. Allocated for IV - VII classes, individual surface irregularities due to the condition of the surface to the surface.

5. Allowed for cast products weighing more than 10 tons increase in the waviness of 2 mm coatings for III - VI classes.

6. It is allowed for welded and riveted products with a stainable surface of more than 5 m 2 increase in coating waviness by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for IV - VI classes.

7. It is allowed to apply the classification and designation on regulatory and technical documentation in the event that the specifics of the stained non-metallic materials do not allow to characterize the class of coating in the table. 2.

2.2. Coating defects are not allowed that affect the protective properties of the coating (punctures, craters, wrinkling and others).

2.3. Requirements for the surface of the painted metal are given in Appendix 2. Requirements for non-metallic surfaces are set in standards or technical conditions on the product.

2.4. Requirements for roughness of the primed or covered surface are shown in Appendix 2A.

2.5. Planting requirements are shown in Appendix 3.

2.6. The control is carried out in a daily or artificial scattered light, at a distance of 0.3 m from the inspection object. Artificial lighting standards are accepted by SNIP II-A9-71.

2.7. Methods for determining the brilliance and presence of coating defects are given in Appendix 4. Estimation of the profilograph profilograph-profilometer is given in Appendix 5.

2.1 - 2.7.

2.8. Coating quality control is allowed to be carried out according to a sample, manufactured and approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications on the product.

(Modified edition, change No. 3).

3. Designation of coatings

3.1. The designation of coatings is recorded in the following order:

a) the designation of the paintwork of the external coating layer according to GOST 9825-73;

b) Class coating in Table. 2 or according to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation indicating its designation;

c) Designation of operating conditions:

in terms of exposure to climatic factors - a group of operating conditions according to GOST 9.104-79;

in terms of the impact of special environments - by table. one.

3.2. It is allowed in the designation of the coating instead of the paintwork material of the external coating layer to record the designation of paint materials in technological sequence Application (primer, putty, etc.) indicating the number of layers or designate a coating in accordance with standards or specifications.

3.1, 3.2. (Modified edition, change No. 3).

3.3. The designation of the paintwork material, the coating class and the designation of the operating conditions is separated by points. When exposed to various operating conditions, their designation is divided by the "dash" sign. Examples of the designation of coatings are given in Table. 3.

Table 3.

Designation of coating	Characteristics of the coating
Enamel ML-152 blue. VI.U1	Blue enamel ML-152 coating in class II, operated on open air Moderate macroclimatic area
Enamel xs-710 gray. Luck XC-76.IV.7 / 2	The coating of the HS-710 gray enamel with the subsequent varnish lacquer x-76 by IV class, operating when exposed to solutions of acids
Enamel HF-124 blue v.7 / 1-T2	The coating of the Blue Emal CH-124 according to V class, operating under a canopy in the atmosphere, contaminated with gas and other industries, in a tropical dry macroclimatic area
Primer FL-03K Brown VI.U3	The coating of the primer FL-03K according to the IV class, operated in a closed room with natural ventilation Without artificially adjustable climatic conditions In a moderate macroclimatic area
Enamel PF-115 Dark gray 896.III.U1	Covering dark gray 896 PF-115 enamel in III class, operated in the open air of a moderate macroclimatic area

(Modified edition, change No. 3, 4).

3.4. Recognition of coatings is allowed to indicate special conditions operation full name.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or alternately in different conditions Operation, then they are all indicated in the designation. At the same time, the main condition for exploitation is in the first place.

3.6. If the paintwork is preceded by a metal or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designations are separated by a fraction, and the designation of the paint coating is put on the second place. For example, a cadmium coating with a thickness of 6 μm, followed by staining with red-brown polyvinylbutiral enamel VL-515 by III class, to operate the coating when exposed to petroleum products:

CD6 / Enamel VL-515 red-brown. III.6 / 2.

(Modified edition, change No. 3).

ATTACHMENT 1 . (Excluded: No. 3).

Appendix 2.

Mandatory

Requirements for painted metal surfaces

Class coating	Name of the indicators of the surface	Norm for coating
										relief
		monophonic							pictures (hammer)	"Moaren"	"Shagrenova"
		high-glossy	glossy and glossy with lesing effect		semiLantsev	semmatovy		deeply matte	glossy and semi-units	semiam and matt	semmatovy
		Visually comparison with the sample approved in accordance with the NTD on the coatings, during the arbitration - profilograph-type 1 profilometer according to GOST 19300-86 or other devices of a similar type
	Risks, strokes	Visually, comparison with the sample approved in accordance fromNTD on coatings
Inhomogeneity of Figure
Mound
Wavy coatings	The calibration line of 500 mm long, applied to the edge on the verified surface. Using another line or probe, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is set in such a way that the highest waviness is determined on the surface being checked.

ATTACHMENT4 . (Modified edition, change No. 3, 4).

Appendix 5.

Score assessment by profilograph-profilometer

Higure estimation by a profilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the device at the maximum length of the transit of the sensor 40 mm. The recommended vertical increase when recording 2000 - 4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.

Shagreen is characterized by a height h.and the foundation t.irregularities. By a profilogram define middle height and the average base in millimeters for five maximum protrusions:

where h. 1 , h. 2 , h. 3 , h. 4 , h. 5 - Height of irregularities at five points;

where l. 1 , l. 2 , l. 3 , l. 4 , l. 5 - the basis of irregularities at five points.

Accuracy Assessment is given in the table.

ATTACHMENT5 . (Introduced additionally, meas. No. 4).

This standard applies to paint and varnishes (hereinafter referred to as coatings) surfaces of products and establishes groups, technical requirements and references.

Designation:	GOST 9.032-74 *
Name Rus:	ESZKS. Paint coatings. Groups, Technical Requirements and Designations
Status:	suitable
Replaces:	GOST 9894-61 "Paint and varnish coatings. Classification and designation "
Text update date:	01.10.2008
Date to add to the database:	01.02.2009
Date of introduction:	01.07.1975
Designed:	Ministry of Chemical Industry of the USSR
Approved:	State Standard of the USSR (09/03/1974)
Published:	Standards Publishing House No. 1991 Standinform No. 2006.

State Standard of the SSR Union

Unified corrosion and aging protection system Paint coatings Groups, Technical Requirements and Designations Unified, System of Corrosion and Ageing Protection. Paint Coatings. Groups, Technical Requirements and Designations	GOST 9.032-74
Date of administration 01.07.75

The present standard applies to paintwork coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of superficials and establishes groups, technical requirements and references.

1.Groups of coatings

1.1. Depending on the purpose is covered with groups installed in.

Coat group	Operating conditions	Designation of operating conditions
Weather-resistant	Climatic factors	By GOST 9.104-79
Waterproof	Sea, fresh water and her couple
	Freshwater and her couple
	Sea water
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological effects, etc.
	X-ray and other types of radiation
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 ° C)
	Open flame
	Impact of biological factors
Oclochno-resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
	Mineral oils and lubricants
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
Chemically resistant	Various chemical reagents
	Aggressive gases, couples
	Solutions of acids and acidic salts
	Solutions of alkalis and base salts
	Solutions of neutral salts
Heat-resistant	Temperature above 60 ° C
Electrical insulating and electrical wires	Electric current, voltage, electric arc and surface discharges
	Electrically insulating
	Electrically conductive

Note. The value of the limiting temperature, for example, 8, is added to the designation of the conditions opened the heat-resistant coatings. 160 ° FROM .

Adpendivity The value of the limiting temperature is added to the designation of the conditions opened other coatings, for example, 4 60 ° C, 6/1 150 ° C, 9 200 ° FROM .

Class Pleas Rent	Name of defect	Norm for coatings
		smooth							relief
		monophonic						pictures (hammer)	"Moirovy"	"Shagreen"
		high glossy	glossy, including lesing effect	semiLantsev	semmatovy	matte	deepomatovy	glossy and semi-units	semiam and matt	semmatovy
	Inclusion:
	size, mm, no more	Not allowed
	distances betweeninclusions, mm, not less
	Shagreen	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Thiecks	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Strokes, risks	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Mound	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	number of pcs / m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	distances betweeninclusions, mm, not less
	Shagreen	Alignment is allowed						Not normalized
	Strokes, risks	Separately allowed
	Thiecks	Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed
	Mound	Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure	Not normalized						Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	number of pcs / m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	distances betweeninclusions, mm, not less
	Shagreen		Alignment is allowed					Not normalized
	Thiecks		Not allowed
	Strokes, risks		Disclaimed individuals
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound		Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure		Not normalized					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	number of pcs / m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	distances betweeninclusions, mm, not less
	Shagreen		Alignment is allowed					Not normalized
	Thiecks		Not allowed
	Strokes, risks		Disclaimed individuals
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound		Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure		Not normalized					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	size, mm, no more
	distances betweeninclusions, mm, not less
	Shagreen		Not allowed					Not normalized
	Thiecks		Not allowed
	Strokes, risks		Disclaimed individuals
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound		Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure		Not normalized					Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	number of pcs / dm 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	Shagreen			Allowed				Not normalized
	Thiecks			Disclaimed individuals
	Strokes, risks			Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound			Not allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure			Not normalized				Not allowed
	Inclusion:
	number of pcs / dm 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	Shagreen			Allowed				Not normalized
	Thiecks			Disclaimed individuals
	Strokes, risks			Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Mound			Allowed
	Inhomogeneity of Figure			Not normalized				Allowed
	Inclusion:			Do not normal						Do not normal
	Shagreen			Not normalized						Not normalized
	Thiecks			Do not normal						Do not normal
	Strokes, risks			Do not normal						Do not normal
	Waviness, mm, no more			Not normalized						Not normalized
	Mound			Not normalized						Not normalized
	Inhomogeneity of Figure			Not normalized						Not normalized

Notes:

2. In technically grounded cases, the applying coating coatings are allowed forIII -IV classes, glossy - forV-VII. At the same time, the standards for high-gloss coatings of the III-II classes must be the provisions for glossy coatings, glossy V-VII classes - for PRULATE.

3. For products with an area of \u200b\u200bstainable surface less than 1 m 2 forI. -III Classes The number of inclusions recalculate on this area, if not the integer, then the value is rounded towards a larger number. The swab is given the size of one inclusion. When evaluating the coating, there are acquisites visible under conditions. For the coatings of the classes, another number of inclusions is allowed if it does not exceed the specified class in the table.

4. It is allowed for IV-VII classes, individual surface irregularities, due to the condition of the surface to be painted.

5. It is allowed for littering mass of more than 10 tons increase in the waviness of 2 mm coatings for III- IV classes.

6. It is allowed for welded and riveted products with a painted surface of more than 5 m 2 increase in the waviness of the coating by 2.5 MMDL III class, by 3.5 mm for IV-VI classes

7. It is allowed to apply the classification and designation of non-physical and technical documentation in the event that the specificity of the stainable steelmetallic materials does not allow to characterize the Class of coating software.

2.2. The defects of the coating affecting the protective properties of the coating (punctures, craters, wrinkling and others) are predicted.

2.3. Requirements to the surface of the painted metal are provided in the required.

Requirements in coherellar painted surfaces establish and standards or technicical conditions on the product.

2.4. The roughness of the roughness of the primed or covered surface is given by reverend.

2.5. Requirements for the shine of coatings are given in the recommended.

(Changed subsection, change No. 4).

2.8. The area of \u200b\u200bthe coating is allowed to be carried out according to the sample made by it approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical conditions.

Designation of coating	Characteristics of the coating
Enamel ML-152 blue.II .U1	Covering blue enamel ML-152 to 11 class, operated in the open air of a moderate macro-climatic area
Enamel xs-710 gray. Varnish xs-76.IV .7 / 2	The coating of the HS-710 gray enamel with the subsequent varnish lacquer x-76 by IV class, operating when exposed to solutions of acids
H-124 blue enamel.V .7 / 1-T2	The coating of the Blue Emal CH-124 according to V class, operating under a canopy in the atmosphere, contaminated with gas and other industries, in a tropical dry macroclimatic area
Primer FL-03K brown.Vi .u3	Coatings of primer FL-03K according to the VI class, operated in a closed room with natural ventilation without artificially adjustable climatic conditions in the conditions of a temperate macroclimatic area
Enamel PF-115 Dark gray 896.III .U1	Covering dark gray 896 Emale PF-115III Class, operated in the open air of a temperate macroclimatic area

3.4. In the designation of coatings, indicator operating conditions for the full name is allowed.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or in various operating conditions, they are all specified by the designation. At the same time, the main condition for exploitation is in the first place.

3.6. If the paintwork is preceded by a preceded or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designated fraction is designated, and the designation of paintocks is put on the second place. For example, a cadmium coating, a thickness of 6 microns, with the launcher of the red-brown polyvinyl butyral enamel of VL-515 in the III class, for the operation of focus on the effects of petroleum products:

CD6 / Enamel VL-515 red-brown.III .6 / 2

(Modified edition, change No. 3).

Attachment 1. (Excluded: No. 3).

Appendix2.

Mandatory

Requirements Coccusky Metal Surfaces

Class Pleas Rent	Name of the indicators of the surface	Norm for coating
		smooth							relief
		monophonic						pictures (hammer)	"Moirovy"	"Shagreen"
		high glossy		semiLantsev	semmatovy	matte	deepomatovy	glossy and semi-units	semiam and matt	semmatovy
	Roughness RZ. according to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more
	Nonflake, mm.	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Individual irregularities (height, depth)	Not allowed				Not allowed
	Roughness RZ.
	not subject to spittle
	to be spacious
	Nonflake, mm.	Not allowed
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm	Not allowed
	Roughness RZ.according to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle
	to be spacious
	Nonflake, mm.
	not subject to spittle	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5	1 , 5
	to be spacious
		Not allowed
	Roughness RZ. According to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle
	to be spacious
	Nonflake, mm.
	not subject to spittle	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
	to be spacious	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5	3,5
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
V.	RoughnessRZ. According to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	-	320	320	320	320	320	320	320	320
	to be spacious	Not normalized
	Nonflake, mm.
	not subject to spittle	-	2,5	2,5	2,5	2,5	2,5	2,5	2,5	2,5
	to be spacious	-	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
VI	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more	-	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
	RoughnessRZ. According to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	-	Not normalized
	to be spacious	-	Not normalized
	Nonflake, mm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	-	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
	to be spacious	-	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more	-	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
VII	RoughnessRZ. According to GOST 2789-73, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	-	Not normalized					-	-	Not normalized
	to be spacious	-	Not normalized					-	-	Not normalized
	Nonflake, mm.
	not subject to spittle	-	Not normalized					-	-	Not normalized
	to be spacious	-	Not normalized					-	-	Not normalized
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more	-	5	5	5	5	5	-	-	5

Notes:

1. The "-" sign indicates that the use of coatings for this class and is inexpedient.

2. For all classes of coatings are not allowed, unevenly cropped, sharp edges and angles in the transition places from one cross section to another.

3. When painting cast details Weighing more than 10 tons allowing non-plane for 2 mm forIII- VI classes.

4. It is allowed for products with a stainable surface of more than 5 m 2 An increase in non-plane by 2.5 mm for III class, by 3.5 mm for IV-VIK grades.

5. When dyeing cast parts weighing more than 5 tons forIII andIVclasses It is allowed to increase the surface roughness to be added to 630 microns.

6. Only local putty is allowed to cover class 1 of the class.

7. Under the individual surface irregularities, they understand irregularities with dimensions (length or width) not more than 20 mm.

8 Requirements for non-plate surfaces are given for flat surfaces with the greatest size more than 500 mm. When evaluating non-planned surfactant, individual irregularities are not taken into account

9. For surfaces subjected to shtatlevanka, under the coatings of the III of the class are allowed to have separate irregularities up to 1 mm high.

(Modified edition, change No. 3, 4).

Annex2a

Reference

Roughness requirements of the primed or covered surface for different classes of coatings

"Moirovy"

Class Pleas Rent	Rough roughness RZ. primed or covered surface according to GOST 2789-73 μm, no more, for coatings
	smooth monophonic						relief
	high glossy	glossy and glossy with lesing effect	semi-conventional and semimas	matte	deepomatovy	pictures (hammer) glossy and semi-con	"Moarev" (half-timing or matte)	"Shagoshevy" (semiamatic
I.	4	4	-	4	-	-	-	-
II.	6 , 3	6 , 3	6 , 3	6 , 3	6 , 3	20	20	20
III	10	10	10	10	10	80	80	80
IV	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80
V.	-	320	320	320	320	320	320	"Shagreen"
high glossy	glossy, including glossy with a lesing effect	semiLantsev	semmatovy	matte	deepomatovy	glossy	semiLantsev	semmatovy	matte	semmatovy
More than 59.	From 59 to 50	Slicer FB-2 on products or samples-witnesses with a coating obtained by technology accepted for products or visually by comparison with the sample approved in accordance with NTD to cover
Inclusion:	Visually
quantity	Line of drawing according to GOST 17435-72 and Li-3-10 magnifier´ According to GOST 25706-83
the size
Shagreen	Visually compared with the sample, approved and in accordance with the NTD on the coating, during the arbitration - profilographic profilographer type -I. According to GOST 19300-86 or other devices of a similar type
Risks, strokes	Visually, comparison with the sample approved in accordance with the NTD to cover.
Thiecks	Also
Inhomogeneity of Figure	»
Mound	»
Wavy coatings	The calibration line of 500 mm long, applied to the edge on the verified surface. Using another line or probe, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is set in such a way that the highest waviness is determined on the surface being checked.

(Modified subsection, change No. 3, 4).

Annex5.

Evaluation Summer profilographsProfilometer

The estimate of the phenosheniprofilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out according to the symbulation to the device at a maximum length of the sensor of 40 mm. The recommended increase in the recording of 2000 - 4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.

Shagreen characterizes heighth. And the foundationl. irregularities. According to the pro-films, the average height and average base of bulkmeters for five maximum protrusions are determined:

where . (Introduced, measured. No. 4).

Informants

1. Developed by Ivesen by the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the USSR

Developers

A. M. Elisavetsky, Cand. Chem. sciences; K. Kozlovsev; G. A. Mironova; S. P. Kotova (head of the topic); A. T. Schegolev; O. A. Barysheva

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED RESOLUTION OF THE STATE COMMITTEE OF THE STANDARDS OF THE CENTER OF CERTIFICATERSSR OF 03.09.74. № 2089.

3. Periodicals: 5 years

4. Instead of GOST 9894-61

5. Labor regulatory and technical documents

NTD designation to which link is given	Point number, applications
GOST 9.104-79	1.1, 3.1
GOST 2789-73	Appendix 2.
GOST 9825-73	3.1
GOST 17435-72.	Appendix 4.
GOST 19300-86	Appendix 4.
GOST 25706-83

This standard applies to paintwork (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of products of products and establishes groups, technical requirements and references.

1. Groups of coatings

1.1. Depending on the purpose of the coating, they are divided into groups installed in Table 1.

Table 1

# G0 group of coatings	Operating conditions	Designation of operating conditions
Weather-resistant	Climatic factors	On # M12291 1200005221Gost 9.104-79 # s
Waterproof	Sea, fresh water and her couple	4
	Freshwater and her couple	4/1
	Sea water	4/2
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological effects, etc.	5
	X-ray and other types of radiation	5/1
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 ° C)	5/2
	Open flame	5/3
	Impact of biological factors	5/4
Oclochno-resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products	6
	Mineral oils and lubricants	6/1
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products	6/2
Chemically resistant	Various chemical reagents	7
	Aggressive gases, couples	7/1
	Solutions of acids and acidic salts	7/2
	Solutions of alkalis and base salts	7/3
	Solutions of neutral salts	7/4
Heat-resistant	Temperature above 60 ° C	8
Electrical insulating and electrical wires	Electric current, voltage, electric arc and surface discharges	9
	Electrically insulating	9/1
	Electrically conductive	9/2

Note. The limiting temperature value is added to the designation of the conditions of operation of heat-resistant coatings, for example, 160 ° C.

If necessary, the value of the limit temperature is added to the designation of the operating conditions of other coatings, for example, 60 ° C, 150 ° C, 200 ° C.

Section 1.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Coatings must comply with the requirements set in Table 2.

table 2

# G0.

Norm for coatings

smooth

relief

Class

Name of defect

monophonic

drawing ( tray)

you-

gloss, including lesser effect

half-

half-

matte

casual

glossy and semi- glossy

half- out and mato

half-

I.

Inclusion:

quantity, pcs / m, no more

size, mm, no more

Not allowed

–

–

0,2

–

–

–

–

distances between inclusions, mm, not less

Shagreen

Not allowed

–

–

Not allowed

–

–

–

–

Thiecks

Not allowed

–

–

Not allowed

–

–

–

–

Strokes, risks

Not allowed

–

–

Not allowed

–

–

–

–

Waviness, mm, no more

Not allowed

–

–

Not allowed

–

–

–

–

Different shadion

Not allowed

–

–

Not allowed

–

–

–

–

II.

Inclusion:

quantity, pcs / m, no more

4

4

4

4

8

8

8

8

8

size, mm, no more

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

distance between inclusions, mm, no more

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Shagreen

Alignment is allowed

Not normalized

Strokes, risks

Separately allowed

Thiecks

Not allowed

Waviness, mm, no more

Not allowed

Different shadion

Not allowed

Inhomogeneity of Figure

Not normalized

Not allowed

III

Inclusion:

number, pc / m, no more

size, mm, no more

–

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

Shagreen

–

Alignment is allowed

Not normalized

Thiecks

–

Not allowed

Strokes, risks

–

Separately allowed

Waviness, mm, no more

–

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

Different shadion

–

Not allowed

Inhomogeneity of Figure

–

Not normalized

Not allowed

IV

Inclusion:

quantity, pcs / dm, no more

–

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

size, mm, no more

–

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

distance between inclusions, mm, not less

–

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Shagreen

–

Allowed

Not normalized

Thiecks

–

Not allowed

Strokes, risks

–

Separately allowed

Waviness, mm, no more

–

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Different shadion

–

Not allowed

Inhomogeneity of Figure

–

Not normalized

Not allowed

V.

Inclusion:

quantity, pcs / dm, no more

size, mm, no more

–

–

2,0

2,0

2,0

2,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

Shagreen

–

–

Allowed

Not normalized

Thiecks

–

–

Separately allowed

Strokes, risks

–

–

Allowed

Waviness, mm, no more

Different shadion

–

–

Not allowed

Inhomogeneity of Figure

–

–

Not normalized

Not allowed

VI

Inclusion:

quantity, pcs / dm, no more

size, mm, no more

–

–

3,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

Shagreen

–

–

Allowed

Not normalized

Thiecks

–

–

Separately allowed

Strokes, risks

–

–

Allowed

Waviness, mm, no more

Different shadion

–

–

Allowed

Inhomogeneity of Figure

–

–

Not normalized

Allowed

VII

Inclusion

–

–

Do not normal

–

–

Do not normize

Shagreen

–

–

Not normalized

–

–

Do not normal

Thiecks

–

–

Do not normal

–

–

Do not normize

Strokes, risks

–

–

Do not normal

–

–

Do not normize

Waviness, mm, no more

–

–

Not normalized

–

–

Do not normal

Different shadion

–

–

Not normalized

–

–

Do not normal

Inhomogeneity of Figure

–

–

Not normalized

–

–

Do not normal

Notes:

1. In technical cases, the use of high-gloss coatings for III-IV classes, glossy - for V-VII is allowed. At the same time, the standards for high-gloss coatings of III-IV classes must comply with the standards for glossy coatings, glossy V-V-VII classes - for semiamatic.

1. For products with an area of \u200b\u200bstainable surface of less than 1 mdla of I-III classes, the number of inclusions are recalculated on this area if not the integer is obtained, then the value is rounded towards a larger number.

The table shows the size of one inclusion. When evaluating the coating, all inclusions visible under the conditions of clause 2.6 are taken into account. For the coating of all classes, another number of inclusions is allowed if the size of each power on and the total inclusion size does not exceed the specified class specified for this class in the table.

1. It is allowed for the IV-VII classes, individual surface irregularities due to the condition of the surface in the surface.

1. It is allowed for cast products weighing more than 10 tons increase the waviness of coatings for 2 mm for III-VI classes.

1. It is allowed for welded and riveted products with a stained surface of more than 5 the winning of the waviness of coatings by 2.5 mm for III class, by 3.5 mm for IV-VI classes.

1. It is allowed to apply the classification and designation on the regulatory and technical documentation, in case the specificity of the stained non-metallic materials does not allow to characterize the class of coating according to Table 2.

2.2. Coating defects are not allowed that affect the protective properties of the coating (punctures, craters, wrinkling and others).

2.3. Requirements for the surface of the painted metal are provided in the mandatory application 2.

Requirements for non-metallic stained surfaces are set in standards or technical conditions on the product.

2.4. Requirements for the roughness of the primed or covered surface are given in the reference application 2a.

2.5. Requirements for the shine of coatings are given in the recommended Annex 3.

2.6. The control is carried out in a daily or artificial scattered light, at a distance of 0.3 m from the inspection object. Artificial lighting standards are accepted by SNIP II-A9-71.

2.1-2.6. (Modified edition, meas. N 3, 4).

2.7. Methods for determining the shine and the presence of coating defects are given in Appendix 4.

Score estimate by profilographic profilometer is given in Appendix 5.

(Modified edition, meas. N 3, 4).

2.8. Coating quality control is allowed to be carried out according to a sample, manufactured and approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications on the product.

(Modified edition, meas. N 3).

1. Designation of coatings

3.1. The designation of coatings is recorded in the following order:

a) the designation of the paintwork of the external coating layer of the coating of software # M12291 1200008480Gost 9825-73 # S;

b) the class of coating according to Table 2 of this standard or according to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation indicating its designation;

c) Designation of operating conditions:

in terms of exposure to climatic factors - a group of operating conditions for # M12291 1200005221Gost 9.104-79 # S;

in terms of the impact of special environments, according to Table 1 of this standard.

3.2. It is allowed in the designation of the coating instead of the paintwork material of the external coating layer to record the designation of paintwork materials in the technological sequence of application (primer, putty, etc.) indicating the number of layers or designate the coating in accordance with standards or specifications.

3.1, 3.2. (Modified edition, meas. N 3).

3.3. The designation of the paintwork material, the coating class and the designation of the operating conditions is separated by points. When exposed to various operating conditions, their designation is divided by the "dash" sign. Examples of the designation of coatings are shown in Table 3.

Table 3.

# G0 substantive coating	Characteristics of the coating
Enamel ML-152 blue. VI.U1	Blue enamel ML-152 coating in class II, operated in the open air of a moderate macroclimatic area
Enamel xs-710 gray. Luck XS-76.IV.7 / 2	The coating of the HS-710 gray enamel with the subsequent varnish lacquer x-76 by IV class, operating when exposed to solutions of acids
Enamel HS-124 Blue v.7 / 1-T2 Primer FL-03K brown. VI.U3.	The coating of the Blue EMAL-124 VO class, operating under a canopy in an atmosphere contaminated with chemical and other production gases, under conditions of a tropical dry macroclimatic area, operated in a closed room with natural ventilation without artificially regulated climatic conditions in a temperate macroclimatic area
Enamel PF-115 Dark gray 896.III.U1	Covering dark gray 896 PF-115 enamel in III class, operated in the open air of a moderate macroclimatic area

(Modified edition, meas. N 3, 4).

3.4. In the designation of the coatings, it is allowed to indicate special conditions of operation of the full name.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or alternately located in various operating conditions, then they are all specified in the designation. At the same time, the main condition for exploitation is in the first place.

3.6. If the paintwork is preceded by a metal or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designations are separated by a fraction, and the designation of the paint coating is put on the second place. For example, a cadmium coating, a thickness of 6 μm, followed by the staining of the red-brown polyvinyl butio enamel of VL-515 in the III class, for the operation of the coating when exposed to petroleum products:

CD6 / Enamel VL-515 red-brown. III. 6/2.

(Modified edition, meas. N 3).

Appendix 1. (Exclosed, meas. N 3).

Appendix 2.

Mandatory

Requirements for painted metal surfaces

# G0.		Norm for coating
		smooth															relief
Class	Name of the indicators of the surface	monophonic												figured (hammer)					"Stephen
		you-	glossy and glossy with a forest effect	half-		half-		matte			casual			gloss and semi- gliangian			half- out and mato		half-
I.	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more	4	4	–		–		4			–			–			–		–
	Nonflake, mm.	Not allowed		–		–		Not allowed			–			–			–		–
	Individual irregularities (height, depth)	Not allowed		–		–		Not allowed			–			–			–		–
II.
	not subject to spittle	6,3	6,3	6,3		6,3		6,3			6,3			20			20		20
	to be spacious	80	80	80		80		80			80			80			80		80
	Nonflake, mm.	Not allowed
	Separate neuro- (height, depth), mm	Not allowed
III	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	10	10	10		10			10		10			80			10			80
	to be spacious	500	500	500		500			500		500			500			500			500
	not subject to spittle	1,5	1,5	1,5		1,5			1,5		1,5			1,5			1,5			1,5
	to be spacious	3	3	3		3			3		3			3			3			3
		Not allowed
IV	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	80	80		80	80			80		80				80		80			80
	to be spacious	500	500		500	500			500		500				500		500			500
	Nonflake, mm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	2	2		2	2			2		2				2		2			2
	to be spacious	3,5	3,5		3,5	3,5			3,5		3,5				3,5		3,5			3,5
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more
V.	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	320		320	320			320		320				320		320			320
	to be spacious	–	Not normalized
	Nonflake, mm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	2,5		2,5	2,5			2,5		2,5				2,5			2,5		2,5
	to be spacious	–	4		4	4			4		4				4			4		4
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more
VI	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	Not normalized
	to be spacious	–	Not normalized
	Nonflake, mm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	4		4	4			4			4				4		4		4
	to be spacious	–	5,5		5,5	5,5			5,5			5,5				5,5		5,5		5,5
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more
VII	Roughness according to # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	Not normalized													–		–		Do not normal
	to be spacious	–	Not normalized													–		–		Do not normal
	Nonflake, mm, no more, surfaces:
	not subject to spittle	–	Not normalized													–		–		Do not normal
	to be spacious	–	Not normalized													–		–		Do not normal
	Separate irregularities (height, depth), mm, no more

Notes:

1. The "-" sign indicates that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or economically inappropriate.

1. For all classes of coatings are not allowed, unevenly cropped edges, sharp edges and angles in the places of transition from one section to another.

1. When dyeing cast parts, more than 10 tons are allowed to increase non-plane by 2 mm for III-IV classes.

1. It is allowed for products with a stained surface of more than 5 unparallers for 2.5 mm for III class, by 3.5 m for IV-VI classes.

1. When dyeing cast parts weighing more than 5 tons for III and IV classes, an increase in the surface roughness to be putty is allowed to 630 microns.

1. For class I coatings, only local putty is allowed.

1. Under the individual surface irregularities, they understand irregularities with dimensions (length or width) not more than 20 mm.

1. Requirements for non-plane surface are given for flat surfaces with the greatest size of more than 500 mm. When assessing the non-plane of the surface, individual irregularities are not accepted.

1. For surfaces subjected to spit, under coatings of the III class, the presence of separate irregularities with a height of up to 1 mm is allowed.

(Modified edition, meas. N 3, 4).

Appendix 2A.

Reference

Requirements for roughness of the primed or covered surface for

different classes of coatings

# G0.	Rough roughness of the primed or covered surface on # M12291 1200003160Gost 2789-73 # S, μm, no more, for coatings
	smooth monophonic						relief
Class	highly glossy	glossy and glossy with lesing effect	semi-man out and half	matte	deeply matte	pictures (hammer) glossy and semi-con	"Moarev" (half-timing or matte)	"Shagoshevy" (semiamatic)
I.	4	4	–	4	–	–	–	–
II.	6,3	6,3	6,3	6,3	6,3	20	20	20
III	10	10	10	10	10	80	80	80
IV	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80
V.	–	320	320	320	320	320	320	320
VI	–	Not normalized
VII	–	Not normalized

Note. The "-" sign indicates that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or economically inappropriate.

Planting Requirements

# G0 Sleeping shine,%, for coatings
smooth								relief
monophonic						pictures (hammer)		"Moirovy"		"
highly glued	glossy, including glossy with a lesing effect	half-	half-	matte	deeply matte	gliangian	half-shine	semi-matte	matte	half-
More than 59.	From 59.	From 49 to 37	From 36.	From 19.	No more than 3.	From 59 to 39	From 39 to 24	–	–	From 12.

Appendix 2A, 3 (modified edition, meas. N 2).

Methods for determining the gloss and defects of coatings

# G0power external view	Definition method
	Slicer FB-2 on products or samples-witnesses with a coating obtained by technology accepted for products or visually by comparison with the sample approved in accordance with NTD to cover
Inclusion: quantity	Visually
the size	Line of drawing software # M12291 1200014041Good 17435-72 # S and magnifying glass Li-3-10x software # M12291 1200023814Gost 25706-8 # S3
Shagreen	Visually compared with the sample approved in accordance with the NTD on the coating during the arbitration - a profilograph of the type 1 profilomer 1 by # M12291 1200004988Gost 19300-86 # s or other devices of a similar type
Risks, strokes	Visually, comparison with the sample approved in accordance with the NTD on the coverage
Thiecks	Also
Inhomogeneity of Figure	“
Mound	“
Wavy coatings	The calibration line of 500 mm long, applied to the edge on the verified surface. Using another line or probe, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is set in such a way that the highest waviness is determined on the surface being checked.

(Modified edition, meas. N 3, 4).

Score assessment by profilograph-profilometer

Higure estimation by a profilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the device at the maximum length of the transit of the sensor 40 mm. The recommended vertical increase when recording is 2000-4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.

Shagreen is characterized by height and base of irregularities. According to the profilogram, the average height and average base in millimeters for five maximum protrusions are determined:

where is the height of irregularities at five points;

where is the basis of irregularities in five points.

Accuracy Assessment is given in the table.

(Introduced additionally, meas. N 4).

The text of the document is drilled by:

official edition

M.: Publishing standards, 1990

Paint and varnish coatings should:

It is firmly held on the surface;

Have the necessary mechanical strength, troopiness and elasticity;

Have resistance against the impact of moisture, petroleum products that exhaust gases and sun ray;

Be water and gasproof;

Keep your qualities at positive temperatures in summer negative temperatures in winter;

Be neutral, not cause corrosion of painted surfaces;

Quickly dry after applying to the surface and do not require complex drying devices for this;

Provide the necessary color of the painted surface when minimum thickness and the number of layers applied, i.e. have good covers;

Being inexpensive, durable and allow to produce partial or complete restoration of inexpensive and affordable ways.

Not one of modern materials It does not fully meet the specified requirements. According to this and a number of other reasons, in most cases, coatings are made multi-layered.

10.2 Structure of paint and varnish and requirements for basic materials

The main elements of the structure of the multi-layer paint coating are: a layer of soil, a layer of twinweight and several layers of paint (Figure 10.1).

The first coating layer is applied to the prepared surface - ground. Its main purpose is to provide high adhesion between metal and subsequent coating layers.

Based on this, the soils are required:

High adhesion (adhesion) to metals, wood and other structural materials;

The ability to maintain subsequent coating layers due to the interpenetration of materials;

Good anti-corrosion properties;

If possible, rapid drying.

1 - stained surface;

2 - a layer of soil;

3 - layer of local putty;

4 - a layer of common putty;

5 - a layer of paint.

Figure 10.1 - the structure of a multilayer paint coating

Puttlevka is used to align the surface in the surface. There are local and general sweep layers. The first intends to align large defects, the second is to obtain a smooth coating throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe area.

Sweattte materials required:

Good adhesion to soil;

Sufficient mechanical strength, especially impaired and vibration resistance;

Relatively good dryness;

Ability to grind.

The processed spatlet or primer is covered with several layers of paint. Each layer passes the stage of drying.

From the paints required:

Sufficient adhesion to soils and spatles;

The ability to form a solid protective film;

High weather resistance;

Resistance to the effects of technical fluids and other substances with which the coating is in contact with the operation of the machines.

10.3 Classification of paints and varnishes

Paintwork materials are indicated by five groups of characters.

The first group of signs determines the type of paintwork material and is denoted by a full word, for example, "primer", "spiteling", "enamel", "lacquer".

The second group of signs determines the main resin that is part of the film-forming substance, and is denoted by two letters: GF - glyftali, PF - pentaftali, FL - phenolic, ml - melamine, EP - epoxy, VL - polyvinyl acetate, NC - Nitrocellulose, Ma and vegetable oil and etc.

The third group of signs determines the group to which the paintwork material is assigned to its purpose: 0 - primers and varnishes semi-finished, 00 - Plocks, 1 - Weather-resistant, 2 - resistant indoors, 5 - special (for skin, rubber, etc. ), 7 - resistant to various media, 8 - heat-resistant, 9 - electrical insulating. Between the second and third groups of signs is rated.

The fourth group of signs relates mainly to enamels and defines their color. Dimensional words ("white", "blue", and if there are shades "Blue - 1", "Blue - 2", etc.). If the enamel color is assigned a number, then in the fifth group of characters, the color number first is indicated, and then writes the color completely words. There is a dash between the fourth and fifth groups of signs.

Example legend: "Enamel ml - 12 - 38 blue" (enamel, basic film-forming resin methylinic (ml), weather-resistant (1), sequence number of the second (2), color blue (38).

Paint coatings are classified according to the coating material, the appearance of the surface of the coating (coating class) and by operating conditions.

According to the appearance of the surface of paints and varnish coatings are divided into four classes. The first class is characterized by a smooth, monophonic surface, without defects visible to the naked eye (body passenger cars). The second class allows on the surface of individual minority defects: sorts, strokes, trail of stripping, etc. (buses, cabins, and the plumage of trucks). The third class allows irregularities associated with the condition of the surface to be painted to its color. The fourth grade admits visible defects that do not affect the protective properties of the coating. According to the third and fourth grade, frames, axes, wheels, cargo platforms and other parts of the machines that need only in anti-corrosive protection are stained.

Under the conditions of operation (stability), paintwork coatings are divided into eight groups: resistant indoors (P); Weather-resistant (a) (car coatings); chemically resistant (x, hk, housing); waterproof in fresh (B) and sea water (VM); heat-resistant (T); oil resistant (M); Gas-resistant (b) and electrical insulating (E).

According to the degrees of gloss, paints and varnish coatings are divided into glossy, semi-convened and matte.

An example of the conventional designation of the paintwork; "EM NC - 25, Blue, I. P" (coating applied to nitroemal (NTS) of blue color, Completed according to the first class (i) and resistant during the operation of indoors (P).

To the most an important indicators Nakov and paints include: viscosity, bottling (the ability of paints to give a flat, smooth surface, without strokes from the brush and without ripples when applied by a pulverizer), drying time, hide (paint property when applied to a thin uniform layer to make an invisible surface color), adhesion (The ability of paint film sticks to the painted surface), strength and hardness of film, water and oil-resistance, toxicity and flavors.

10.4 Technology Coloring car bodies. Auxiliary materials

Technology Coloring car bodyworks on automobiles, as a rule, includes the following main operations: degreasing; phosphating; primary priming and drying; applying secondary primer or twin and drying; Application of enamel of a certain color and drying.

The painting of engine parts, chassis and transmissions is usually produced in one layer along the skim and phosphatic surface.

Auxiliary materials are designed to prepare the surface in front of the color, breeding paintwork materials to a working viscosity, accelerating the drying of the coating.

Solvents are used to clean surfaces before coloring, as well as solvents apply to working viscosity. As solvents are used different organic compounds And in some cases water. Organic solvents are single-component or multicomponent (mixtures of single-component solvents), called compound solvents, diluents or discharge. The most common single-component solvents and their purpose are shown in Table B.1 of Appendix B. Composition and purpose of multicomponent solvents are shown in Table B.2 Appendix B. Using solvents Motion is made - special compositions designed to remove old paint coatings. Washings contain the following components: active solvents, thickeners, evaporation moderators, baking powers, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors and special additives. The composition and purpose of spokes of paintwork are shown in Table B.3 Appendices B.

Degreasing the surface in front of the color is to remove from the surface of conservative and technological oils, lubricants, grinding and pollution compounds, various contaminants. Organic solvents, alkaline or acidic water solvents are used for degreasing detergent, Emulsion formulations (Tables B.4 and B.5, Appendix B). Requirement Degreasing is achieved by a combination of various means of degreasing in the same technology. Degreasing car body bodies, as a rule, begins with pre-training: The outer surfaces are wiping with a brush or white-spirited winds, and places having a light rust rack, dioxidin - a special deoxidating fluid. A more progressive method of preliminary preparation of the surface of the bodies in front of the color is the jet washing with an aqueous solution of the composition "Omega - 1", which has detergent and deoxidizing action.

Phosphating of the metal surface in front of the color allows us to provide the necessary level of protective properties of paint coatings - increases the adhesion of the coating to the metal and significantly slows down the development of the underfloor corrosion. Phosphating produce surface treatment aqueous solutionscontaining phosphate salts of metals and various additives that play the role of activators of the process of phosphating, corrosion inhibitors, thickeners and fillers. For phosphating, solutions based on zinc salts, iron, manganese, as well as their mixtures (Table B.6, Appendix B) are used. The surface treatment with phosphating solution in the factory conditions is made with dipping or spraying. In the repair technology also applies the obulation and brush or tampon.

Grinding and polishing operations are part of technological process Coloring car bodies. Before the flow of car bodies, there is grinding of external surfaces to eliminate metal defects and ensure roughness of no more than 2 microns. In the technology of coloring body grinding, grinding is used to improve adhesion between separate layers of coating, smoothing the layers of spitels, as well as eliminating defects - influx, irregularities, fattened layers of paint and varnish coatings. For grinding, abrasive materials are used in the form of powders, pastes, grinding skins on a paper and tissue basis. There is dry and wet (with water) grinding methods. More common wet fashionFor which waterproof grinding skins are used.

10.5 Chemicals for car care

By destination chemicals To care for the car, divided into the following types: detergents, cleaning, polishing, protective, sealing, operational, auxiliary.

10.5.1 Detergents

The difficulty of removing the removal from the surface of the car pollution can be conditionally divided into three types: weakly coupled (sand with clay impurities), medium-dimensional (sand with clay impurities, as well as with impurities of organic and oil substances) and firmly related (asphalt particles, various resinous contaminants). Weakly coupled pollution can be washed with water, medium-sized and strength contaminants are removed using one water.

For washing paintworks, as well as upholstery and plastic parts of the car, an autosampuna is used, which includes surface active substances, alcohols, carboxylomethylcellulose, liquid sodium glass and other substances. The recipes of the car sucks are selected in such a way that they do not have a corrosion action. There are car supersampou, the use of which contributes to anti-corrosion protection, they are especially recommended for washing a damaged paint and varnish coating.

Exist detergents for washing and short-term conservation of paintwork coatings (varnish wedge).

A high efficiency is the auto-ready-making of the thresholds type, intended for washing the closed cavities and the bottom of the body before anti-corrosion processing.

10.5.2 Cleaners

For the cleaning different parts and car units from contaminants that are not removed using shampoos (rust, naigne and other strength connections) are used special cleaning products.

To remove bitumen, fat and oil spots with paint surfaces of the car, liquid preparations of the "Choy cleaner of bitumen spots" containing highly efficient solvents are very effective.

To remove rust chemical method From metal surfaces before applying anticorrosers, paste-like rust cleaners type "Omega - 1" are used.

For rapid removal of dirt, oils and other water insoluble pollution from the surface of the engine and the units, effective liquid drugs like "engine-chipper". It is applied to the cleaning surface and after 10 - 15 minutes are washed with water until the resulting emulsion has been removed. It is not allowed to clean the engine with gasoline.

For cleaning the car body braid with moderate and low temperatures (up to - 27 0 С) Used liquid auto-product preparations "Choysterifier - 2 glasses", containing alcohols, surfactants, etc. This remedy can be poured into the bracket of the opener of the glass in pure form Or diluting with water in a ratio of 1: 5. It is not recommended to wash the car's windscreen cleaner for window glass.

To remove contaminants from paints and decorative parts of cars without water use (which is especially convenient in winter time) Applied a "fast remedy with silicone"). When using this tool on the purified surface, a protective film is formed, protecting paintwork and galvanic coatings from harmful atmospheric influences. It is not allowed to clean the paint surfaces to use gasoline.

There are also means for removing scale from the cooling system ("Choosing cleaner - 1 scale"); Nagar removal ("Nagar-Choice"); cleaning and degreasing friction linings ("STOP"); Removing ice and Inea from the glass and defrosting of the castles ("Authority") and others.

10.5.3 Polishing agents

To maintain and restore the gloss of paintwork, the maintenance of its service is applied special polishing agents.

Depending on the life of the car and the state of the paintwork, polishing the following types are used:

For new paintwork coatings (for cars in the first year of operation);

For odd paintworks (for cars operating within 2 - 3 years).

For old paint coatings (after 3 years of operation).

When leaving the old coating, a longer surface polishing is required.

Enhancement of the atmospheric resistance reaches the introduction into the composition of polishing and preservatives, special additives that improve the physicomechanical properties of the obtained on the surface protective filmswhich as a result can withstand up to 5 - 10 miles.

10.6 Questions for self-test

1 for which serve paints and varnishesapplied in road transport?

2 List the basic requirements for paint coatings?

3 Call the main elements of the paintwork structure?

4 List the basic requirements for the soil layer?

5 List the basic requirements for spatle materials?

6 List the basic requirements for car colors?

7 How are paints and varnish materials are classified?

8 What basic operations includes a typical technology of painting automobile bodies?

9 For what purpose are solvents used at painting cars?

10 For what purposes does the degreasing surfaces are performed?

11 For what purposes is the phosphating of painted surfaces?

12 For what purposes and when the grinding is used when painting cars?

13 How are chemicals for car care in their intended purpose divided?

14 How are contaminants for the difficulty of removing removal from the surfaces of the car?

15 What are the main components that are part of the car shut-off?

16 For what purposes when caring for a car uses cleaning products?

17 What are the main types of polishing agents, indicate the areas of their application?

1. This standard applies to paintwork covers (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements for selecting coatings on decorative properties.

2. Under the decorative properties understand the properties of the coating, providing its aesthetic perception.

The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, glitter, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74 *.

3. The choice of coating on decorative properties is carried out at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.

4a. Designed in the process of artistic design, finishing options are recorded in the map of the color factor solution of the finishing of the product.

(Introduced additionally, meas. No. 1).

10. Types of harmonious color combinations are given in.

11. An example of selection of coatings on decorative properties is given in.

ATTACHMENT 1 Mandatory
Coating classes for products

Group of industrial products	Painted surfaces	Class coating, not lower
Top class cars (type ZIL-117) and large class (type "Seagull"), medium, small and especially small class (type "Volga", "Moskvich", "Zhiguli", "Zaporozhets") *
Cargo cars, trailers and semi-trailers
	Rama, chassis details
	Metal parts platform
True career automobiles	Cabs, knots, plumage, battery boxes
	Exterior surfaces of platforms of fuel and oil tanks
	Rama, corners, chassis
Buses **
mAGUS railways King 1520 (1524) mm: locomotive traction (passenger, postal, luggage), electric trains and diesel trains	Side walls of the bodies of passenger cars of locomotive traction
	Side walls of wagons of electric trains and diesel trains, as well as postal and luggage wagons, raids, windscreen parts of the heads of electric trains
	The middle part of the roofs, frames of wagons, trolleys and boiler rooms
	End walls of car bodies
cargo railway railways 2020 (1524) mm	Exterior surfaces
Construction and road vehicles, self-propelled, mounted and mobile	The surface of the parts of the machines in the field of view of people (with the exception of surfaces whose coverage is carried by the conservation service)
	The remaining surfaces of construction and road machines
Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment	Facing details of agricultural machinery
	The remaining surfaces of agricultural machinery
Machines, blacksmith-presses and foundry machines:
machine tools for accuracy A, B and C according to GOST 8-82 *	The main surfaces defining appearance Machines
	Surfaces available for ferris, but not defining appearance
* For all-wheel drive cars of a particularly small and middle class of body coating not lower than III. ** For a small class of type "Youth" bruise, the body cover is not lower than II.
machines of ordinary performance, blacksmith-presses and casting machines	The main surfaces that determine the appearance of machines and machines
	Surfaces available for ferris, but not defining appearance
	The surfaces inside the machines and machines are not available for the ferris (surfaces of the hydro and lubricant equipment, etc.).
	The main surfaces that determine the appearance of the device
instruments of direct communication with a person in the area of \u200b\u200bpermanent visual perception: large, for example, copiers, aggregative means of computing equipment (rack consoles, etc.).
middle, for example, countable machines, wall-key computing machines, cash registers, analytical devices - chromatographs, household radio electronic equipment, etc.
small, for example, portable writing machines, Felix countable machines, household optical and medical devices
Instruments surrounding humans, but entering the zone of visual perception irregularly:
large, for example, shields of auxiliary instrumentation
middle, for example, secondary electronic automatic devices with recording and showing device (potentiometers)
small, for example, pressure gauges, voltage stabilizers, relays, etc.
Automatic devices in servicing a person does not take part:
large, such as wagon scales (platforms);
middle, for example, weather appliances and equipment;
small, for example, diffmanematers and other devices
Notes: 1. When several classes are specified for the same surfaces, the specific class is set by standards or technical conditions on the product. 2. Classes of coating for products in export performance are set according to standards or specifications on the product.

Appendix 2. Recommended
The maximum achieved class of coatings for enamels and varnishes

Name of material	Gloss, covering texture	The maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 *
Melamine	Smooth monophonic
ML-1110 according to GOST 20481-80 *	High-glossy
ML-197 according to GOST 23640-79 *
	High-daisy and glossy
	High-glossy
ML-1156 according to GOST 5971-78 *	Glossy
ML-1156 Black according to GOST 5971-78 *	Semi-bang
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-units
ML-279 OP according to GOST 5971-78 *	Semmatovye
ML-279 according to GOST 5971-78 *
	Smooth Pictures (Hammer)
	Semi-man
	Semmatovye
	Relief "Shagren"
	Semmatovye
Urea	Smooth monophonic
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-units
	Semi-man
	Semmatovye
	Glossy
MCh-145 according to GOST 23760-79 *	Glossy and semi-units
Pentafthalic and glyphthalova
	High glossy
PF-163 according to GOST 5971-78 *	Glossy
	Semmatovye
	Semi-man
	Deep matte
Nitrocellulose
NTS-11 according to GOST 9198-83 *	High-glossy
	Glossy
NTS-25 according to GOST 5406-84 *
	Glossy
Nts-256 according to GOST 25515-82 *
NTS-5123 according to GOST 7462-73 *	Semi-conventional and semmatovy
	Glossy
	Semi-man
NTS-1125 according to GOST 7930-73 *	Semi-conventional and semmatovy
	Semmatovye
	Semi-man
	Semmatovye
NC-134 lacquer with aluminum powder
Epoxy and epoxy epoxy
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-units
EP-140 according to GOST 24709-81 *	Semi-man
EP-51 according to GOST 9640-85 *
	Semi-man and matte
EP-773 according to GOST 23143-83 *	Semmatovye
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-units
EF-1118 GOST 5971-78 *	Semi-man
EF-1118 PM according to GOST 5971-78 *	Semmatovye
EF-1118 m according to GOST 5971-78 *
EP-525 according to GOST 22438-85 *
	Semi-man
	Semi-man
	Glossy
	Semi-man
	Glossy
Enamel:
	Glossy
PF-188 according to GOST 24784-81 *
	Semi-man
	Deepmate
	Semiam and semi-man
PF-218 according to GOST 21227-93
	Semi-man
	Semi-man
	Semmatovye
KH-1100 for TU 6-10-1301-83
	Frosted and semiam
	Semmatovye
	Semiam and matte
Xs-119 according to GOST 21824-76 *
Xs-119 e in accordance with GOST 21824-76 *
EP-255 according to GOST 23599-79 *	Semi-conventional and semmatovy
Oil and alkyidity
	Semmatovye
	Semi-man
	Glossy
Polyester unsaturated
	Glossy
	High glossy and glossy
Polyacryl
	Semmatovye
	Glossy
	High-glossy
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-units
	Semmatovye
	Glossy
	Semmatovye
	Glossy
	Semmatovye
	Glossy
	Glossy
	Glossy
Phenolic
	Glossy and semi-units
	Semmatovye
Rubber
	Semi-man
Polyvinilacetal
Silonyorganic
	Semi-man
KO-88 according to GOST 23101-78
	Semi-conventional and semmatovy
	Semiam and matte
	Smooth monophonic
	Semi-man
Polyurethane
	High-glossy
	Glossy
Alkyd-urethane
	Glossy
Oil	Relief "Moir"
	Semiam and matte
Bituminous	Smooth monophonic
Kanifolny
		EF-083, EF-083 L

Notes: GOST 9.402-80 *

Method of coloring

Method of drying coatings

Degreasing

Pneumatic spraying

Convective

Phosphating

Passivation

Chemical oxidation

Anodic oxidation

Mechanical cleaning with grinding skins No. 5-4 according to GOST 10054-82 *

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum to № 6 according to GOST 3647-80 *

Degreasing

Pneumatic spraying

Convective

Phosphating

Natural

Passivation

Spraying in the electropol

Temorradiative convective

Etching

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Mechanical cleaning with grinding skin No. 6-5 according to GOST 10054-82 *

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum to № 12 according to GOST 3647-80 *

Degreasing

Pneumatic spraying

Convective

Phosphating

Natural

Passivation

Spraying in the electropol

Thermoradiation

Etching

Temorradiative convective

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Airless spraying

Mechanical cleaning with grinding skurt number 25-6 according to GOST 10054-82 *

Hydroprocessing sand cleaning of no more than 0.5 mm

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum to № 25 according to GOST 3647-80 *

Degreasing

Pneumatic spraying

Phosphating

Passivation

Spraying in the electropol

Etching

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Airless spraying

Mechanical cleaning with grinding skurt

Inkjetty with an exposure in solvent pairs

Droblastry, shot, hydraulic cleaning with fraction size not more than 0.8 mm

Dipping

Hanting

Mechanical cleaning with metal brushes

Mechanical purification by edctocorund

* - From January 1, 2006, GOST 9.402-2004 is introduced (hereinafter).

Notes:

1. Under coatings with a putty surface preparation operation before painting is not rationed.

2. It is allowed to apply other surface preparation operations, besides those specified in the table, providing the required quality of the painted metal surface according to GOST 9.032-74 * and other methods of staining and drying that ensure the necessary quality of the coating.

3. For IV class of coating, the number of grinding skins and electrocores are not regulated.

Appendix 5. Reference
Types of harmonious color combinations

1. Using the color of paintwork coatings to create the appropriate color solutions of products is determined by the psychological (emotional) and physiological impact on a person some colors and color combinations.

When choosing the color combinations of coatings, their harmony must be the first and main condition.

2. For receipt harmonious combinations Colors It is necessary that there is a certain relationship between the colors (contrast or similarity between the colors color Tone, light or saturation).

3. The relationship between flowers is achieved using the principles of choosing color combinations in a color circle (damn 1).

Color circle

Well - yellow; Jo - yellow-orange; O - orange; Ko - red-orange; K - red; P - purple; FP - purple-purple; F - purple; C - blue; SZ - blue-green; Z - green; Zhz - yellow-green; I, II, W, IV - Color Zones

Heck. one

4. When choosing color combinations, the characteristics of four psychological optimal primary colors are taken into account - yellow (221), red (7), blue (427), green (324) and intermediate - orange, purple-purple, yellow-green.

5. Color combinations are divided into five major groups on psychophysiological characteristics: contrasting, related, relative-contrast, equitonal, complex.

9. The car is operated in atmospheric conditions of moderate and tropical climate, polluted by road dust, mud and exposed to a periodic washing of hot and cold water With the help of brushes. Interremant dates are 3 years, car care is permanent.

10. The specified operating conditions are satisfied with paintwork coatings obtained on the basis of melamino-alkyd enamel ML-12, perchlorvinyl enamel of the HC-110.

The coating system consisting of two layers of enamel ML-12, applied to the primed surface, resistant under atmospheric conditions of moderate and tropical climate for 3 years.

The coating system consisting of two HP-110 enamels, applied to phosphated and primed surface, is also resistant under conditions of moderate and tropical climates for 3 years.

11. The color, texture, brilliance and enamel class ML-12 and the HC-110 meet the requirements: enamel color ML-12 orange (121, 128), H-110 enamel yellow (285, 286), coatings according to recommended - smooth , glossy (ml-12), semi-conjunctive (HPF-110), the maximum achieved class of coating II for enamel ML-12 and III for enamel of the HC-110.

12. Considering the level of production of the painting area (production - serial, staining on the streaming conveyors by the method of pneumatic spraying or spraying in the electric field, drying in thermoadiating drying chambers at a temperature of 130 ºС), the enamel ML-12 should be selected, which is applied by the specified method and has mode Thermoradiation drying at a temperature of 130 ºС for 20 minutes.