Complaints are often heard: “It's cold at home! Why should we pay for barely warm batteries? What should be the temperature in the apartment in winter? " Let's take a look at these issues and find out in which cases it is legal to file a complaint with the Housing Office, and in which it is not.

Heating season

For every little thing in Russia, there are special regulations... Our legislators did not ignore the climate inside the dwellings. They clearly established what temperature should be in the apartment of the average resident of the country. The law states that the period when the premises begin to be heated centrally occurs when the outside temperature is at “plus eight” for five days. Similarly, it ends heating season... Again, short frosts in the off-season are not obligatory for housing offices.

But what if the heating season has begun, and the house is still cold? Residents can write a statement to the housing office. However, the concepts of "cold" and "hot" are very subjective. In order not to be unfounded in your complaint, you need to measure the temperature with a thermometer and give clear figures for the indicators. Thus, the law meticulously sets out the minimum standards for different premises: in the living corner room should be +20, in the kitchen - +18, and in the bathroom, where we have to strip naked - and that's all +25.

At a height of one and a half meters from the floor, and a meter from outer wall install the thermometer and record its data. In housing and communal services they know what the temperature should be in the apartment. They also know that for every hour you deviate from these parameters, your heating bill should be reduced by 0.15 percent. Now take a calculator and calculate how much you should pay for barely warm batteries.

There are also well-defined guidelines on this issue. Hot water should be supplied to the taps all the year round: not lower than + 50 and not higher (to avoid burns) + 70 degrees. In the heating season, such water should also fill the batteries. How to check if hot water is supplied in your home as required by the standards? Open the tap, substitute a glass with a thermometer. A deviation of 4 degrees is allowed, but only upward.

Eliminating the problem

Perhaps the housing office is not to blame for anything, and your batteries are simply “airy”. In this case, the tenant writes a statement to DEZ.

The foreman must come and fix the breakdown within a week (depending on the complexity of the repair). After checking, the DEZ engineer draws up an act, one copy of which remains in the hands of the tenant and can serve as the basis for recalculating the rent for this period.

Recalculation of heating bills

If you suffer from a systematic deviation of indicators from the accepted standards (and they are determined by special Rules, which describe in great detail how services are provided, for which utility bills are taken), you can start trial... As a result, housing and communal services will either fix problems with heating, or you will pay less for it. Even in the event of an accident or other emergency, it is clearly stated how long people can be left without hot water... According to section VIII of the above Rules, tenants must inform the service dealing with accidents (housing office, housing and communal services, etc.) in writing about all problems, including the inadequate indoor climate. A commission comes with a check and draws up an act, which indicates what temperature should be in the apartment, and what it really is. This document is signed by the complainant himself. If the commission did not appear, a similar act can be drawn up by the tenant, who took neighbors as witnesses. The recalculation of the fee is established for the entire "ice age" - until the breakdown is eliminated and your house becomes warm again.

Well-being is influenced not only by the humidity of the air, but also by the temperature in the room that is comfortable for a person. Of course, each resident of the apartment is guided by different indicators to achieve an optimal condition, however, there are generally accepted norms that apply to the heating season. The batteries must be warmed up to such a level that the temperature in the house is at least 18 degrees.

Norm values

Unfortunately, it may not always be comfortable to be in the house. The thermal regime depends on several factors:

• Weather conditions in a specific region.
• Seasonal temperature drops.
• Distinctive features of some rooms (for example, it will always be colder in the closet).

In European areas, the normal temperature in the room in summer is +25 degrees, and in winter this figure should be equal to +22 degrees. These marks are maximum, there are also lower limits.

Air temperature

The human factor also affects the heat indicator. Some people like to air out their apartments for a long time, even during the cold season. And this lowers the mark by 2-3 degrees for a certain period. In the summer, the residents have air conditioners.

Comfortable room temperature - this is a very conventional concept. It is reliably known that the fair sex is more fond of warmth than men. Small children feel comfortable when the apartment is at least 22 degrees Celsius. At the same time, some people calmly endure the heat and never use the air conditioner, while others feel bad already at 25 degrees, so it is impossible to decide for everyone what temperature should be in the room.

Official data

However, there are sanitary standards fixed in the GOST. In an apartment building, fluctuations from +18 to +22 are permissible. At the same time, it should be warmer in the common corridors +16. Such indicators refer to winter time. All requirements regarding the cold season of the year can be found in the following table:

In summer, slightly different laws apply. In the warm season, the optimal values ​​can be + 22-28 on average in different types of rooms.

Validity of indicators

All standards regarding what room temperature should be in an apartment were calculated based on the characteristics of the living area and household premises, and medical standards important for maintaining a normal state of health were also taken into account. For example, doctors say that there should be no more than +18 in the bedroom during a night's rest. It promotes quality sleep and helps prevent insomnia.

With regards to the children's room, the standards directly depend on the age of the baby. How younger child, the more often he plays on the floor. This means that the room where children up to 2-3 years old live should be about +24. For an older child, the optimal mark is +21.

Temperature in the room and on mining components in summer

In the living room, a temperature of +19 is permissible, but +21 is best. The bathroom is different high level humidity, and people undress in this room, for this reason, the low temperature conditions cause severe discomfort. The ideal mark would be +25. In the kitchen, residents use household appliances, which produces additional heating. Therefore, even in winter, there is no particular need to maintain high performance. For a comfortable stay in the kitchen, + 19-20 degrees is enough. It is important to know that the heat difference between rooms in an apartment should not be more than 2 degrees. In this case, the person does not feel discomfort, since he does not feel a noticeable difference.

Influence of temperature and its regulation

Overheating, like hypothermia, has a very negative effect on human health. According to the current regulations, the indicators should be at the level of +22 degrees. Deviations from this criterion are harmful to the body. To people who have private house, you need to self-monitor the temperature in accordance with the standards.

Danger of overheating

The heat in the room provokes the emergence and reproduction of harmful bacteria. Such conditions are very favorable for the development of infectious diseases, although it seems that summer time is completely inappropriate for this.

The stuffy microclimate has a very negative effect on the work of the heart. In hot conditions, a person loses a lot of moisture, his blood thickens, so the heart has no choice but to start working intensively to distill the blood. This can cause a lot of adverse effects in people suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Besides, overheating causes dehydration, which can lead to a series of violations nervous system and problems with water and electrolyte balance.

Comfortable air temperature for the child.

Hypothermia problems

Medical term, denoting hypothermia of the body - hypothermia. This condition is very dangerous for the human body. Excessive cooling occurs negative impact on health, which can provoke the occurrence of various diseases.

The lowered body temperature is less than 36 degrees. Hypothermia can contribute to the emergence of acute respiratory diseases, as well as nervous pathologies. Hypothermia poses the greatest threat to the health of children, their body does not yet have the necessary heat transfer, and therefore it cools very quickly and does not recover well.

Room temperature control unit KTSM

Normalization methods

You always need to keep track of how many degrees of heat it is in the room. In order to regulate the temperature, certain conditions must be observed. Previously, all kinds of heating devices were used to heat the room - convectors, electric heaters, and so on. And in order to let coolness into the apartment, they opened the window, which made it possible to improve the microclimate in the house.

Today, there are many types of climate systems on sale. Modern models air conditioners are not only designed to cool the room, they also have the function of heating the air. Some types of equipment have a dehumidification function. This property helps a lot if the apartment is excessively humid, while the air is purified from unfavorable impurities. If in winter time the year in the room is too cold and generally accepted standards are violated, the owners need to:

• Strive to Management Company improved the quality of services provided, and also recalculated the amount of payments in case of unscheduled heating shutdowns.
• Seal the cracks in the windows.
• Purchase units for additional heating.

If the apartment is too hot, and there are no thermostats on the batteries, the situation is much more complicated. In order to improve the situation, you can

• Close the ball valve in front of the radiator. This will reduce the supply of hot water.
• Install . This part will allow the air to circulate properly.

Keeping track of and maintaining a comfortable temperature in your home is very important to your health. This is especially necessary if there are small children or elderly people in the family. Compliance with the recommended indicators will help maintain well-being and normal state organism.

All this REGARDING THE TEMPERATURE IN THE APARTMENT, I picked up from the Internet. I had problems with heating in an apartment (new building), I had to suffer with the HOA, but in the end I know my rights.

“The beginning of the heating period is set when the average daily outside air temperature is below +8 degrees Celsius, and the end of the heating period is set at the average daily outside air temperature above +8 degrees Celsius for 5 consecutive days. The heating period must start or end on the day following the last day of the specified period. "

What should be the minimum temperature?

Corner room +20; living room +18; kitchen +18; bathroom +25; lobby, staircase+16; elevator room +5; basement +4; attic +4.

In this case, the air temperature is measured at inner wall each room at a distance of one meter from the outer wall and 1.5 meters from the floor. But this is only after the start of the heating season. In the off-season, there are no standards - as much as you can get warm!

And the temperature of hot water must be provided year-round - not lower than +50 and not higher than +70 degrees (according to the sanitary norms and rules of SNiP 2.08-01-89 "Residential buildings"). This temperature is measured directly at an open tap by immersing a water thermometer in a glass under a stream to a special mark.

If the batteries do not heat well or water of a lower temperature is flowing from the tap, the tenant can write a statement to his DEZ with a request to check them. For this, a technician-caretaker or an engineer of the local DES usually comes. After checking the batteries or the plumbing system, utilities draw up an act in two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the apartment.

If the tenant's complaints are confirmed, utilities are obliged to fix everything on average in a period of one to seven days, depending on the complexity of the work. During the time of non-compliance with water standards, the rent is recalculated at the request of the tenant in the district settlement center, if the hot water temperature did not reach the norm more than 3 (during the day) and more than 5 (at night) degrees. Air temperature deviations in rooms are generally not allowed according to the standards. That is, the batteries must necessarily heat the apartment to the degrees specified in the sanitary standards. If this does not happen, then the rent is reduced individually for each "affected" apartment, depending on its footage.

Strange logic. On the one hand, deviations in air temperature are not allowed, on the other hand, in case of deviations, the rent decreases. Without a court, in which case, you will not understand. Nevertheless, it is useful to know all this.

GOST R 51617-2000 (indoor temperature standards)

Premises

Indoor air temperature during the cold season, ° С

Air exchange rate in 1 h, m3 / h, by exhaust (by inflow) or the amount of air removed from the premises

Living room of an apartment or dormitory

3 m3 per 1 m2 of residential premises

The same, in areas with a temperature of the coldest five-day period (provision 0.92) minus 31 ° C and below

Apartment and dormitory kitchen, cubic:

a) with electric stoves

Not less than 60 m3 / h

b) with gas stoves

Not less than 60 m3 / h

with 2-burner plates, not less than 75 m3 / h

with 3-burner plates, not less than 90 m3 / h

with 4-burner hobs

Drying cabinet for clothes and shoes in the apartment

Private restroom

Combined toilet and bathroom room

The same, with individual heating

Washroom common

Shared shower room

General washroom

50 m3 / h for 1 toilet

and 25 m3 / h for 1 urinal

Dressing room for cleaning and ironing clothes, washroom in the dormitory

Lobby, common corridor, lobby in an apartment building, staircase

Lobby, common hallway, dorm staircase

Laundry room

7 (at least 4)

Ironing, drying room in hostels

3 (at least 2)

Pantries for storing personal belongings, sports equipment; household and linen in the hostel

Dormitory isolation ward

Elevator machine room

Not less than 0.5

Waste collection chamber

1 (through the trunk of the garbage chute)

Notes (edit)

1 In the corner rooms of apartments and hostels, the air temperature should be 2 ° C higher than indicated in the table.

2 In the stairwells of houses for IV climatic region and IIIB climatic subdistrict, as well as houses with apartment heating the air temperature is not standardized (SNiP 2.01.01).

3 The air temperature in the elevator machine room during the warm season should not exceed 40 ° C.

Dear Julia!
The situation, if you described it correctly, is wild and strange.
First, the phrase “... V Homeowners' association offered to dress warmer ... ". Homeowners association for you is a performer of utilities and is fully responsible for their quality, v including heating. Read carefully standard"Rules for providing utilities Citizens ", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of 23.05.06. Write a written complaint to the chairman of the HOA, hand it over against receipt on the second copy. Maximum allowable break v heating - 24 hours. No more than 24 hours temperature may be below 18 degrees. Therefore, exactly one day later (or you can already right away) demand that you draw up a written act on the failure to provide heating services.
Having received your copy of the act, immediately write a statement v HOA on the repair, adjustment of heating and recalculation of payments for heating: reduction for every hour over 24 and for every degree below 18. Demand the HOA to pay a penalty - 1% of the cost of heating services for every hour of delay over 24 hours. Be sure to send written complaints with copies of acts v the district prosecutor's office and v State Housing Inspectorate, demand that the chairman of the HOA be held administratively liable under Article 7.23 "Violation standards provision of public utilities ”of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Secondly, the payment situation is also incomprehensible “… the plumber offers to change the batteries - the cost is 21,000 rubles…. V Homeowners' associations offered to dress warmer if they cannot pay ... "
All work on the repair and maintenance of the WHOLE heating system ( v including v apartments tenants, it doesn't matter - tenants or owners; v including replacement of radiators of batteries and sections of risers, etc.) are performed v utility bills for current repairs and maintenance of the common property of the house. If you regularly paid for these services, then you don't have to pay anyone else any more money for the repair of the heating! Money is vulgarly extorted from you. If this locksmith is "off the street" - drive him v

At the end of Indian summer, on the eve of the onset of cold weather, we begin to think with impatience about how to preserve such fragile and precious warmth in our homes. Cold outside, uncomfortable microclimate at home due to lack of heating, rapidly shrinking daylight hours - these and many other factors cause frequent colds and lack of sleep. Many negative phenomena for our well-being are associated with the usual inconsistency of the air temperature outside, with the temperature regime in living quarters and at work. We are trying, by looking at the thermometer inside the apartment, to remember what the temperature should be in a city apartment when the heating season begins.

A fairly low temperature in a house or in an apartment in the absence of heat outside is a frequent and familiar phenomenon, especially in the off-season. This situation is largely due to the weak thermal efficiency of apartment buildings, which were built in Soviet times and make up the lion's share of the housing stock in almost all settlements. The issue of saving energy resources was not as acute then as it is now.

What are the standards for heating in an apartment that exist today? What numbers do we have to focus on today, in what conditions should we live in our apartments? We will try to find an objective answer to these questions.

In theory, in accordance with scientific calculations for many years, the temperature in our apartments should be at around 20-25 0 Celsius. From a medical point of view, it is generally accepted that each person has their own temperature threshold for comfort. One likes it when the apartment is only + 16-18 0 C, the other likes it when it is hot in the apartment and the thermometer shows 23-25 ​​0 C. In order to achieve a comfortable temperature regime inside the apartment, it is necessary to take into account many factors, among which there are both purely technical and technological, and social and domestic ones.

One aspect that has crucial on temperature standards inside living quarters - this is a sick building syndrome. Poor condition of utilities, unsatisfactory condition of technological premises and main structural elements buildings can cause a decrease in the level of comfort in an apartment building.

The figure shows what effect is achieved from the insulation of the outer walls of the dwelling.

Important! In order to make your home comfortable, to create a cozy microclimate inside each room, you need to take care of the normal operation of the heating system in the house, provide yourself with additional sources of heating. In order to achieve maximum effect, you need to accordingly prepare your apartment for the onset of cold weather. External insulation of panels, insulation of window and doorways- measures that increase the thermal efficiency of an apartment by 20-25%.

If we talk about the factors that affect the temperature in your home, then the following should be considered:

• climatic features of the area in which you live;
• the intensity of the change of seasons;
• age and personal preferences of the inhabitants of the apartment.

The norm of temperature in a living room in each region of our country is different. For the northern regions, SanPiN (sanitary rules and norms) are the same, for middle lane and the southern regions are completely different. The climate is always different and this applies not only to air temperature, but also to the level of humidity in a given area, atmospheric pressure. For example, for more humid southern regions, temperature standards are higher.

The temperature indicators in the apartment are influenced by seasonality. For the middle zone of our country, the optimal temperature in a living room in winter is 19-22 0 C, in summer - 22-25 0 C. Despite the fact that the difference does not seem significant, even small changes in temperature affect the state of our body.

The main task of temperature control in residential premises is to create a comfort zone for the inhabitants of a city apartment. Human preferences do not always satisfy the medically correct temperature regime. Overheated, dry air, as well as excessively cool air in a living room, can negatively affect our condition.

For those families with a small child, the temperature in the apartment in winter should be stable. The optimal temperature regime for any room in this situation is 20-23 0 C. In the summer, these standards should be within the same limits. The main reason for this temperature balance is that young children, especially infants, do not naturally self-regulate their body temperature. The child either overheats quickly in a hot room or cools down quickly in a cool room.

Important! Can't be allowed large swings in the temperature balance in different rooms.

The temperature standards in the apartment are established by the Rules for the Provision of Utilities, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 06, 2011.

On a note: These standards set a lower temperature limit of +18 0 С, while about upper limit not said, not a word. We choose the upper mark of the acceptable temperature ourselves, focusing on our own preferences and feelings.

We study the existing temperature standards for our apartment

Why is it cold in our apartment? There may be several true reasons for such a problem, not only a poor heating system is the main reason for the insufficiently comfortable temperature in the premises in winter. A cool microclimate in an apartment can arise due to the following aspects:

• discrepancy between the temperature and pressure of the coolant at the entrance to the house with the calculated parameters;
• poor permeability of utilities in the house;
• differences of SNiPs, in accordance with which in different years construction of residential apartment buildings, laying of engineering communications was carried out.

In the table you can see the temperature parameters, which are approved by the current SNiP 2.1.2 1002-00.

Temperature norm in the apartment

Type of premises	air t, С	Resulting t, С	Humidity, %	Air movement, m / s
Autumn-winter period
Living room	18-24	17-23	60	0,2
The same parameters in the regions with the coldest five-day period (-31 0 С and below)	20-24	19-23	60	0,2
Kitchen	18-26	17-25	n / n *	0,2
Bathroom	18-26	17-25	n / n	0,2
Bathroom, combined bathroom	18-26	17-26	n / n	0,2
Area	16-22	15-21	60	0,2
Staircase, lobby	14-20	13-19	n / n	0,2
Storage rooms, mezzanines	12-22	11-21	n / n	n / n

Evaluating the information obtained from the table, the following conclusion can be drawn.

In an ordinary city apartment, in ordinary rooms, the minimum temperature threshold in winter is set at around 18 0 C. Corner rooms should be heated somewhat better. In them, the temperature should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. For the bathroom, the parameter is the highest +25 0 С.

To create such a temperature regime in an apartment, the standards for heating in a city apartment assume the temperature of the centralized heating batteries at a level: not less than 35 0 С and not more than 95 0 С. ideal option the batteries in the apartment should have a temperature within 50-70 0 С.

Important! At night, slight fluctuations in temperature are allowed due to a sharp drop in the temperature of the atmospheric air.

SanPiN establishes a time frame under which an apartment may not be heated in winter - no more than 24 hours a month, while a one-time lack of heat in the batteries should not exceed 16 consecutive hours.

The official opinion of experts on the temperature standards for housing facilities that exist today can be seen by watching the proposed video.

The standards we have looked at are a starting point for apartment building residents. On their basis, the best option heating in the apartment, the normal operation of residential buildings and premises is maintained. If any of the above parameters does not correspond to the norm, you can safely contact the management company, the organization - the supplier of heat resources, the housing office or the housing inspection.

The degree of air heating in residential premises is established at the state level. But often responsible persons or organizations violate the norms, which leads to a deterioration in living conditions. As an argument, they cite the unsatisfactory state of utilities or extreme weather conditions.

In this case, you need to know what temperature should be in your apartment in winter according to all standards. A deviation from the current standards for documentation is a violation.

Normative base

First you need to familiarize yourself with the content of current acts, GOSTs and SNiPs. These documents indicate the norms for heating air in apartments, flights of stairs and utility rooms. They can also be used to draw up a reasoned statement to the housing office or a similar management structure.

Currently, the following regulatory documents are in force that regulate the temperature in apartments in winter:

• GOST 30494-96. It specifies optimal performance microclimate for premises of various categories. The main indicator of a negative change is the occurrence of discomfort.
• SNiPs 23-101-2004, 23-01-99, 31-01-03. They are used in the design of residential buildings and utilities. With their help, the heat supply system and its components are calculated.
• Gosstroy Resolution No. 170. It regulates the maximum possible temperature changes and their duration.

One of the arguments of the ZhEK employees may be an unsatisfactory degree of insulation of external walls or heat loss through window constructions... If the temperature of the coolant is at the required level, other factors affecting the heating of the air are not included in the area of ​​responsibility of the Management Company (MC).

Temperature values ​​in apartments in winter

To check the heating of the water in the pipes and the temperature in the batteries, it is necessary to invite representatives of the Criminal Code. An independent measurement will not have legal force, since for this you need to use certified devices and follow the methodology. Alternatively, you can hire independent experts with the appropriate SRO clearance.

According to the above standards, the temperature in the apartment in winter must correspond to the following values:

• in residential premises (living room, bedroom) - not lower than + 18 ° С;
• for corner apartment this indicator should be + 20 ° С;
• lobby and staircase - from + 16 ° C and more.

In practice, during the inspection, it is not the temperature in the room that is monitored, but the degree of heating of the surface and pipes. The temperature of the water in the supply and return lines is measured. The normalized degree of heating depends on the outside temperature.

If the actual data do not coincide with the normative ones, you must write a statement to the Criminal Code. She is obliged to give an official answer and solve the problem within three working days. If this does not happen, you should contact the controlling organizations.

Sizes of Possible Compensations

On the fact of unsatisfactory heat supply, the accounting department of the Criminal Code is obliged to recalculate. This is possible if the maximum permissible norms for lowering the temperature in the batteries have not been observed. They are set out in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354.

Interruptions in heat supply to apartments:

• within one month - no more than one day in total;
• no more than 16 hours, at a minimum room temperature of + 12 ° С;
• no more than 8 and 4 hours, if the degree of air heating does not exceed + 10 ° С and + 8 ° С, respectively.

If these norms are violated, the tariff will be reduced for each hour by 0.15% of the base rate. The same penalty applies when the degree of heating of water in batteries is reduced by 3 ° C or more.

To prove the violation, it is necessary to draw up an act of checking the heating system of the apartment. This can be done using the services of independent experts or representatives of the management company. In the latter case, it is necessary to follow the actual readings of the instruments and the data entered in the inspection protocol.

The amount in payment receipts increases on a quarterly basis, especially during a crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of utilities leaves much to be desired. Times are tough for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, management companies responsible for providing hot water supply to apartment buildings often work in bad faith and strive to evade responsibility.

Temperature standards

Of course, a lot depends on the preferences of the residents - some like it colder and settle for a low temperature of 18 ° C, others prefer cozy warmth and 24-25 ° C. But you need to know what temperature should be in our apartment according to the legislation, since not only the state of health and well-being of the family depends on this, but also the budget.

The temperature standard in the apartment is contained in " GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. General specifications". These are the values ​​required to calculate the maximum output of the heating devices. Staircases in residential buildings should have a temperature of 14-20 ° C. This is the space that residents use for a short time, no more than an hour and are dressed in outerwear.

Medical standards for temperature conditions in a residential area

A little about what the optimal temperature should be in the house according to medical recommendations. The norms for living quarters are 22 ° C. This temperature provides high thermal comfort with an air humidity of 30%. Higher room temperatures may cause irritation. respiratory tract, the appearance of mucus, increased susceptibility to bacteria and viruses in the nose and throat. The only exception is the bathroom, where water vapor rises, and even higher temperatures do not threaten health.

When the child is at home, the temperature in the apartment should be raised by at least 1 degree, and in the bathroom or another room where he bathes, up to 28 degrees. In adult bedrooms, the temperature can be slightly cooler than in the living room - about 20 ° C. This figure guarantees deeper sleep and, therefore, better rest.

Heat rate control

In order to maintain the above recommendations and to minimize heating costs, it is necessary to properly control the heat norms, taking care of the thermal insulation of the house. It is necessary to seal the window and door frames. Do not cover radiators in the room, do not paint them with a thick layer of paint, and do not hang thick window curtains over them (heaters are usually installed under windows). Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators.

It is recommended to regulate the temperature schedule of the heating system using manual or electronic thermostats. When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be adjusted to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and programmed heat output for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and the habits of local residents.

Modern thermostats will also regulate heat output according to external conditions- warming or cooling outside, sunlight etc. You do not need to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example, by setting the economy mode to 15 ° C. A decrease in temperature even by 1 ° C increases the heat savings by 5-7.5%.

Factors affecting temperature

The temperature readings in the apartment are influenced by many factors, primarily external. They fluctuate due to the following conditions:

• turning off the heating;
• climatic features of the place;
• change of seasons;
• individual features of individual apartments.

The heating temperature schedule also depends on where the property owners live. For example, in the northern latitude, it will differ from the southern climate. The influence of factors such as atmospheric pressure and outdoor humidity also affect the normal value of the heat supply system in any month.

As the seasons change, the microclimate in the living rooms also differs. For example, during the winter months the temperature will be lower and during the hot season it will rise. When in the spring they stop supplying heat to the radiators, observing the shutdown schedule, the temperature in the apartment also drops. For middle latitudes, the optimal value in winter is about 22 degrees, and in summer - 25 degrees. Although at first glance, the difference of three degrees is insignificant, but it affects the well-being of everyone living in an apartment or private house.

Indoor climate control

When heating shutdowns occur, the temperature regime in the apartment must be monitored for the comfort of all citizens living in it. There are people who feel comfortable and comfortable in the hot months, they do not need to install climate control equipment. Also, some in the winter cold constantly ventilate the room. But all the requirements of the average citizen are reflected in the current regulations for any heat supply company for which a central shutdown schedule is set. heating appliances... After all, hypothermia, like overheating, has a negative effect on human health.

Among other things, norms also depend on gender. Women require higher temperature readings than men. Extremely carefully you need to observe the temperature regime in the apartment where the children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, therefore they are prone to rapid overheating and freezing compared to adults. As a result, the heat rate for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees.

In accordance with the current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain indicators of at least and no more than 22 degrees, and all deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being.

To maintain a normal temperature, certain conditions must be observed. Previously, the temperature was regulated with the help of batteries, and in order to warm up the room more, they used additional heat sources - various electric heaters, convectors, etc. To cool the room, they opened transoms and windows, thus solving the problem.

Today, scientific progress has made it possible to choose any climatic equipment that will provide comfortable conditions in apartments. For example, modern air conditioners not only cool the air flows coming from the street, but also have a heating function. They also have the function of dehumidification when the room is too humid, and purification of the air from harmful compounds.

The current sanitary regulations do not establish the temperature of the radiators. It is only important that the temperature in the housing corresponds to certain indicators, which is influenced by the differences in climatic conditions of the corresponding region. Indicators in the winter months should be at least 20 degrees. If this value is less, then the services of the heat supply organization are of poor quality.

At the same time, property owners need:

• strive to eliminate bad job on the provision of public services;
• demand from the management company when the heating is turned off unscheduled;
• carefully seal up all the cracks in the windows and doors;
• buy additional equipment for heating the room;
• supply autonomous heating devices.

How to increase or decrease the temperature

By GOST the lowest indicator in the apartment must correspond to 15 degrees. With this value, although it is quite difficult and uncomfortable to live, the management companies believe that all the standards have been met. Because of this, the population independently regulates the temperature regime, and when cold weather or massive heating outages come, they install double-glazed windows or seal the windows. At worst, they include electric heaters or convectors.

And what to do when the constant temperature in the house reaches 28 degrees, which happens when the batteries are too hot. Highest indicator in the standard it is 24 degrees, to which an error of 4 degrees is added. When thermostats are installed on the radiator, then there are no questions, you just need to adjust it to the required figure.

When there are no such devices on the battery, it is not very convenient to open the vents all the time because of the drafts in the room. If the apartment has Small child, then such actions are not a way out, for older people it is completely contraindicated. To fix the situation, you can:

• turn off the tap in front of the radiator;
• install an air recuperator.

When overlapping ball valve in front of the battery, you will reduce the amount of hot water that is supplied. The recuperator will allow the air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the housing already warmed up.

Optimum temperature during the heating season

Kaya is clear from the above, the comfortable value in the apartment is established SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are determined in the range of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of the housing. Kitchen, living rooms and a bathroom have different norms... Errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators. Unfortunately, according to the current legislation, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, claims cannot be made against the management companies. Also at a temperature of 30 degrees, when in winter the batteries are heated to the maximum. Here, as they say, - if you want to live - be able to turn around and contact the appropriate authorities.

Responsibility of public utilities for violations of norms

According to the law, tenants and homeowners have the right to apply for recalculation to management companies, which are obliged to reduce by 0.15 percent for each hour of violation of standards. If you calculate, then for 28 days of improper provision of the service, the payment is reduced to 90 percent. Naturally, the utilities themselves will not carry out such a recalculation, so you will have to go to the courts.

There are many cases when residents of apartment buildings sued the utilities for money not fully provided or low-quality services. For example, three years ago, Perm region managed to collect 136 thousand rubles from the management company for violating their obligations to provide heat to the apartment. Therefore, you should defend your rights and apply to.

Conclusion

The management company at the place of residence is obliged to provide the temperature according to the current standards and regulations. As a result, in case of identified cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services, it is necessary to inform this organization and, if required, draw up an act.

If it comes to a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or to modern efficient devices.

Housing and communal services enterprises are obliged to provide comfortable conditions in apartments, therefore, it should be warm in the dwelling in winter. Management companies do not always provide the prescribed temperature regime in the premises. As a result, residents of apartment buildings not only freeze, but also have to overpay for services of inadequate quality.

Let's look at ways to influence the management company.

Optimal temperature for humans

In the course of the research, the most acceptable living conditions for a person were determined. Normal temperature the apartment should be in the range of 21 to 25 degrees.

This wide spread is explained by:

1. individual characteristics of the body;
2. the age of the person;
3. his way of life;
4. gender.

The research results formed the basis for the adopted technical standards.

Current standards of permissible temperature in the dwelling

Requirements for the temperature regime in housing are established in GOST R 51617-2000. This document provides for differentiated indicators, taking into account the season and the purpose of the premises in the apartment. Permissible the temperature norm in the apartment during the heating season is in the range from 18 to 25 degrees.

The following indicators have been established for individual parts of apartments and common areas:

• for a living room from 18 to 24 degrees;
• for a bathroom at least 24 - 26 degrees;
• for the kitchen from 18 to 19 degrees (this is due to the heating devices located on it);
• for children's rooms, the norm is from 21 to 24 degrees (for babies, more heat, and for older children - closer to the lower limit);
• for the rest of the premises in the apartment, the norm is within 18 - 22 degrees;
• for staircase from 14 to 20 degrees;
• for the corridor between apartments from 16 to 22 degrees.

The air temperature in the apartment can deviate from the norm by no more than 3 degrees. With regard to the living room, the discrepancy is allowed only from midnight to 5 in the morning.

If the apartment is angular, then the minimum temperature level rises by 2 degrees, since the room has 2 walls facing the street.

Battery operation parameters and the procedure for measuring their temperature

To determine compliance with the legal temperature in the apartment during the winter, it is necessary to check the operation of the batteries. They should be periodically monitored to establish the feasibility of utility tariffs.

There are no guidelines for minimum radiator temperatures. At the same time, the maximum heating limit of the batteries is set, determined in SNiP 41-01-2003.

• If the heating system is two-pipe, then the radiator should not heat up more than 95 degrees.
• When the system is single pipe, the limit is 115 degrees.

To establish deviations from the permissible temperature norm and achieve recalculation, it is necessary to measure the temperature of the radiators in one of the following ways:

1. by applying a standard electronic thermometer to the surface of the battery (in this case, it is necessary to add no more than 2 degrees to the readings);
2. using a heat meter that senses infrared radiation;
3. using an alcohol-type thermometer (when measuring, it must be isolated from the environment).

Any of the devices used must have a certificate and a passport, which contains the rules of use and the characteristics of the error.

Measuring the temperature in the apartment

Violations can be detected by fixing the temperature in the apartment. Measurements should be carried out following a number of rules:

• it is necessary to fix the temperature on a cloudy day so that the sun does not heat the air;
• if doors, windows or walls are not airtight, then it is required to limit the air flow;
• measurements are carried out in 2 rooms (except for apartments with a single living space);
• the temperature is fixed at a distance of at least half a meter from the outer wall and heating devices and at least 60 cm from the floor;
• as in establishing compliance with the permissible battery temperature in an apartment, you should use a certified device that has a passport.

For temperature norms, see the video:

Anomalies detected

Having found a discrepancy in the temperature regime in the housing with the current standards, you must contact the management company. She should send a team to determine the reasons for the lack of heat.

If the source of the problem is not found, then you need to contact the housing and communal services operator with a request for measurements. The organization will check and draw up an act in which it will record the testimony received. Before signing the document, you should familiarize yourself with the equipment used and the test results.

The next step will be to send an act and a claim to eliminate the problems found and recalculate the cost of services already provided.

If the management company refuses to comply with the requirements, then you must go to court. This requires collecting all copies of documents (acts, statements and claims) exchanged between the citizen and the housing and communal services operator.

The plaintiff has the right to demand a reduction in the cost of services rendered by 0.15% for each hour of the period when the permissible temperature standard was not observed. Practice shows that it is possible to achieve the return of overpaid services only by initiating legal proceedings.

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