If your intention is to build a lumber or log house, Ask how the employees will be joining the crowns between them. If the nails or even by means of valves, consider whether to invite the crew need.

When neighbors dacha conceived to build a house from a bar, they have found a company that is ready to realize their desire. There for them an estimate, but explained that the total cost of the work is valid if the box home will be collected on a bed of nails. And if the customer wishes to crowns were collected at home wooden pegs It is necessary to pay more than 50 000 rubles. For advice on how to proceed, they came to me.

Let us estimate the price

Even if the builder, without regard to common sense, decides to build a log house made of logs or on the nails, then it will cost him more! Let me explain in more detail.

Work in progress wooden house widely used board thickness of 25 mm - so called dyuymovka. She goes to the production of formwork, black floor, sheathing and for other purposes. From the boards inevitably remain short cuttings, suitable only for firewood. Of them, then you can prepare nageli, as they say, it is nothing.

When I was building lumber house Of accumulated scrap-board cut into dyuymovka miter saw 120 mm long billets. Then dismissed them band saw along on the bars of square section 25 * 25 mm. Then the ax sharpened these wedges from both sides. Within a few hours I have prepared more than 600 pegs - for the whole house! For the purchase of the same number of nails 6x 200mm will need more than 6000 rubles.

Blockhouse assembly services

Collect crowns on such pegs - a pleasure! Initially, two adjacent beams are placed in the desired position and mark the location of each Nagel. The upper timber is inverted and via the polygon and simple layout pattern is transferred to the central axis of the upper and lower beams. Nasverlit left holes in both the bars and the score in nageli lower crown... Then they lay the mezhventsovy insulation and install the upper beam with holes on the pointed pins. For settling down, you can walk on a bar and knock with a sledgehammer.

I use a cheap pen drill with a drilling depth mark. Of course, the total depth of the holes in both beams must be greater than the length of the dowel, otherwise, during shrinkage, the beams will hang on the dowels with the formation of cracks. Short pins do not interfere with the normal shrinkage of the timber box: they work to cut, fixing the position of the beams.

Drive a square dowel into round hole- a little unusual, but practical! If the wall is deaf, then I place the pins every 1.0-1.5 m in a checkerboard pattern. For a wall, regardless of its width, you need at least two dowels.

Once I saw a picture of how workers assembled a house from a bar on long wooden dowels, similar to rake cuttings. They lifted another heavy raw timber and drilled through the wall. long drill- I will note, not cheap. Subsequently, during the shrinkage, the house hung on these sticks, huge gaps formed between the crowns. Even when assembling furniture, it is impossible to drill strictly vertically shallow holes for dowels and self-tapping screws, just holding the drill in hand. In the case of a house, deviations from the vertical are inevitable and very large!

Now about nails

As with long wooden dowels, the house can hang on the nails when it shrinks (fig. 1). It is difficult to hammer long nails into the timber without drilling. This means that the labor intensity will increase and the estimate will increase, since nails of this size are not cheap. On the market, one 6x200 mm nail costs on average more than 10 rubles apiece (I have already said about the manufacture of short nails).

But you should not completely abandon nails. For example, the topmost crown, connected to the veranda, or spacer inserts between the rafter beams can be easily fastened with nails.

Often there is a layout when a large span cannot be covered. wooden beams without intermediate support. This support is usually a wall or column. But when you need to do without them, use reinforced beam(fig. 2). It is assembled from two bars, fastened precisely with nails. Moreover, if you hammer nails at an angle, then the strength of the connection will be even higher. I usually do this - I put a support under the not yet connected beams of the composite beam so that there is no sagging. Then I fasten the bars with nails, after which I remove the support.

In conclusion: each material - its place! Applying nageli and nails in those places where it is necessary to obtain a warm and durable home without extra costs!

How to connect the crowns log: Ways to photo

1. Drilling crown under nageli.
2. Installation pegs in Venice
3. To hammer a large nail into a dry board or timber, it is advisable to drill a hole using a long drill.
4. Nagel napilennye of scrap boards.
5. Rice. 1. Assembling the walls: and - on nails; 6 - on pins. When assembling on nails log normal shrinkage impossible gap will be formed between the rims. Nagelja length must be less than the total depth of the holes in the upper and lower rims bars.
6. Fastening nail upper crown.
7. Rice. 2. Run, nailed two beams, used for intermediate ceiling beams support.
8. Struts of lumber between podstropilnymi beams can be fastened with nails.
9. If overlapped span large, as a run using composite beam collected from the two boards, fastened with long nails.

All photos from the article

Construction technology log houses As well as the homes of the logs has a number of features associated with the specific building material... For example, the project must be considered a decent shrinkage at home, as a lot depends on whether the house was assembled from bars right. Taking into account a lot of nuances, this issue is considered in more detail.

General stages of building a log house

Assembly wooden houses from a bar - just one of the stages of construction of the house, in addition to this construction technique involves steps such as:

• installation of foundations - a detailed discussion of this stage does not make sense, we need only note that a 2-storey house suitable belt reinforced with the foundation, and a one-story structure can suffice, and columnar or option to raft;

• followed by the assembly of timber directly from a frame, is performed by laying wreaths here for performance of work may differ in detail. Some prefer for greater strength and stiffness of walls nageli use, others use a corrugated board without pegs. Detailed this step is discussed below;

Note! Piece profiled bar typically extends the drying chamber, so is ideal for building a house. Minor flaw can be regarded as its cost, but the increased price is justified - because the buyer receives the timber with minimal humidity, which reduces the period of shrinkage and cracking of wood likely.

• then the roof is built and the house is allowed to stand. The time during which the house "sits down" varies greatly depending on the construction conditions, the type of wood, the type of lumber, and even the time it was harvested;

• the final interior decoration at home, the installation of windows and doors can be performed after the house has completely shrunk. In order to at least roughly navigate the timing, you can use a moisture meter, the average moisture content of the timber should not be higher than 20-25%.

Note! If the deadlines are tight, then glued laminated timber can save the situation. Assembling a house from laminated veneer lumber does not provide for long-term standing of the house, this is not necessary, since the timber itself is glued from several well-dried boards beforehand.

More about building a house

Assembling a house from logs or timber is a rather painstaking job, so it's better not to rush. The negligence committed at this stage can turn into serious troubles in the future, which cannot be eliminated 100%.

Walling

For additional protection of the log house, beams are first laid on the foundation bottom strapping, their cross section is slightly larger than the thickness of the future wall. And if the foundation is columnar, then the assembly of a log house from a bar involves the use of a double lower strapping. This is necessary due to the fact that the beams will work in bending, so you need to increase their height.

Note! Before laying the lower trim, a waterproofing layer must be applied to the foundation surface (coating waterproofing can be used).

After that, you can proceed to laying along the crowns, until one crown has been laid, you cannot start laying the second. If an ordinary solid timber is used for construction, then it is possible to recommend using pins through 3-4 beams with a step between them of 2-3 m.The pins can be both wooden and metal and significantly increase the rigidity of the wall, the risk that the wall will lead when drying decreases significantly.

Basically, the assembly log house can be carried out without additional combining of the beams in the vertical plane. This is quite acceptable when using a profiled dried timber, in this case, the selected grooves on the surface of the lumber are sufficient.

Note! When using a comb profile great importance has observance of the geometry of teeth and grooves. It is not uncommon for the bars to crack during operation due to the mismatch between the size of the tooth and the groove.

• The Finnish profile does not imply contact over the entire surface between the lower and upper beams, so insulation must be placed between the beams. Prefabricated timber houses of this type are more reliable in construction and even a slight deviation from the geometry of the tenons will not entail serious consequences.

Also, when erecting walls, attention is paid to the corners, it is not enough to simply dock the logs / beams, therefore the connection is made according to the thorn-groove scheme with laying in the gaps of the insulation. This "warm corner" ensures that there are no drafts and a secure connection of the logs.

Assembling for wood grouse

Another extreme is also possible - assembling a bar on a capercaillie. The term "wood grouse" is simply a large screw with a turnkey head that tightens the logs, but a thin long threaded metal stud can also be used.

The use of this method of combining the bars is difficult to consider expedient in our time:

• the risk of rotting of the timber from the inside increases (due to condensation on the metal);
• the cost of such pins is high (it can go up to 400 rubles / m), since screeds are installed with a step of 1.5-2.0 m to a depth of 30-40 cm, then in total such a purchase will not be cheap;
• one of the advantages of this method is called by some to adjust the shrinkage, but this does not correspond to reality. The only thing that can be achieved is that the bars will not lead when they dry.

There is an opinion among professionals that the tendency to use screed studs started from the time when the assembly of laminated veneer lumber was just being mastered. It was necessary to minimize the warpage of the timber in any way, and the screed solved this issue. In principle, the Finns also use something similar, but there metal ties are used only on the releases, this is just justified.

At all budget option assembly of a bar on nails is also possible, but this is not the best way, its only advantage can be considered as low cost.

Floor device

After the walls have been erected, you can start arranging the floor of the first floor and floor slabs.

Instructions for installing the floor of the first floor will look like this:

• the beams will be attached to the bottom rail. If a double beam is used, then in the upper one you can simply make cuttings up to 5 cm deep and thus rigidly fix the ends of the floor beams. In the case of a single beam, steel brackets can be used to support the ends of the beams on them;

• then small bars are attached to the bottom of the beams to create support for the subfloor. The subfloor is laid on them;
• then follows a layer of insulation, on top of it - a vapor barrier membrane;
• only then can the finished floor boards be laid on the floor.

The construction of the floor slabs can be simplified and a heat-insulating layer can be dispensed with. In this case, the floor beams can be left as an element of the interior, this will only decorate the room.

Finished timber houses

If the cost does not matter, then you can order a ready-made log house. That is, the question of how a house is assembled from a bar does not have to be decided, the specialists will first assemble it in their production facilities, then disassemble it, deliver it to the construction site and reassemble it. After that, you can proceed to finishing.

At the same time, the process itself is a bit like a constructor - all parts are already perfectly sized and marked with numbers. So it only remains to arrange them in accordance with the project.

The assembly of a bath from a bar can be performed in the same way. Although, the bathhouse is not such a large-scale structure, so you can try to build it yourself. To facilitate the work, you can use regular dried timber and nails instead of dowels to join the bars.

05.02.2016 08:24

When building a house from a bar, two main types of fasteners are used - these are nails and a dowel. They work in tension and bending, which is why they are so popular.

The company "Russian Houses" in its work uses both types of fasteners. But it should be understood that when building a house from a bar, it is better to use a dowel, but for building a bath or country house nails are fine too.

What is the difference between these types of fastening? Both of them serve the same purpose - to prevent the timber fastening elements from moving. But at the same time, the assembly on the dowel and on the nails have many differences. Let's consider them in this article.

Nails as an element of fastening a bar

Nails are made of metal, and therefore conflict with wood, but at the same time are often used in the construction of houses. And this is sometimes very justified, since this type of fastening has its own advantages:

• Collect a building from a bar using nails very quickly;
• The cost of such work is significantly lower.

But, at the same time, nails have their disadvantages:

• Nails are prone to corrosion;
• Compared to pins, the bending work of a nail is much worse.

In addition, when assembling a bar on nails, one must also take into account such a moment as the depth of their sinking. It should not exceed five millimeters, otherwise, when the building sits down, cracks may form.

Assembling a bar on a dowel

If you translate the word "nail" from German, it means "nail". At its core, it looks like a pin made of wood. The dowels can be square or round. They allow you to prevent the displacement of the elements of the bar and keep them at a certain level.

The main requirement for such fastening elements is that they must be smooth, otherwise cracks in the wall may appear.

• Benefits of assembly on pins:
• They do not corrode;
• They work perfectly for bending the timber;
• They are not afraid of the influence of temperature differences;
• The assembly on the dowel does not subsequently interfere with the shrinkage of the walls.

This type of fastening dries out simultaneously with the walls from the timber. The company "Russian Houses" recommends using a dowel made of harder types of wood than the timber itself. For example, if a pine log is used, it is better to use a birch dowel with a round cross-section, with a thickness of at least 25 mm.

Wooden "nails" have absolutely no drawbacks. If you need to build a house from a bar - this is perfect solution because this type of fastening is a homogeneous material. The only negative is that such work will cost more, and building a house will take a little longer than using metal nails. It is also important to prepare the wooden rods in advance.

The construction of walls using this technology should be carried out in compliance with all the rules and requirements, but then the construction will delight with strength and durability.

With the help of one dowel of the appropriate length, you can immediately fix two stacked crowns. It is hammered into pre-drilled holes using wooden mallet... The blows should not be strong - otherwise, both the attachment element itself and the bars can be damaged. You need to hammer in a wooden pin so that it does not reach about two centimeters to the bottom of the hole.

That the shrinkage was then carried out evenly, the holes must be made strictly vertically. The first pin should be driven in about half a meter from the corner, and all the rest should be staggered, at a distance of about two meters from each other.

There is only one conclusion from all of the above - it is quite possible to use nails when assembling a bar, but only if a summer cottage or a bath is being built, which are subject to exterior decoration... If the owners live in the house permanently, it is better to build it with wooden pins.

How to fasten the crowns of a log house

If you are planning to build a log or log house, ask how the workers will connect the crowns to each other. If using nails or even reinforcement, consider whether you need to invite this team.

When the neighbors in the summer cottage decided to build a house from a bar, they found a company ready to fulfill their desire. There they made an estimate for them, but explained that this total cost of the work is valid if the box of the house is assembled on nails. And if the customer wishes that the crowns of the house were assembled on wooden dowels, then more than 50,000 rubles must be paid. For advice on what to do, they came to me.

What is the price?

Even if a builder, disregarding common sense, decides to build a lumber or log house on nails, it will cost him more! Let me explain in more detail.

In the process of building a wooden house, boards with a thickness of 25 mm are widely used - the so-called inch. It is used for the manufacture of formwork, subfloors, battens and other purposes. From the boards inevitably remain short cuts, suitable only for firewood. Of these, it is possible to prepare dowels, as they say, for nothing.

When I was building a log house, I cut workpieces with a length of 120 mm from the accumulated scraps of inch boards on a miter saw. Then he dismissed them on a band saw lengthwise into square bars of 25 * 25 mm. Then he sharpened these blocks with a hatchet on both sides. In a few hours, I prepared more than 600 dowels - for a whole house! The purchase of the same number of nails 200 mm long will require more than 6,000 rubles.

Assembly of a log house

Collecting crowns on such pegs is a pleasure! First, two adjacent beams are placed in a predetermined position and the location of each dowel is marked. The upper bar is turned over and, using a square and a simple template, the markings are transferred to the central axis of the upper and lower bars. It remains to drill holes in both beams and drive the pins into the lower crown. Then they lay the mezhventsovy insulation and install the upper beam with holes on the pointed pins. For settling down, you can walk on a bar and knock with a sledgehammer.

I use a cheap pen drill with a drilling depth mark. Of course, the total depth of the holes in both beams must be greater than the length of the dowel, otherwise, during shrinkage, the beams will hang on the dowels with the formation of cracks. Short pins do not interfere with the normal shrinkage of the timber box: they work to cut, fixing the position of the beams.

Driving a square dowel into a round hole is a bit unusual, but practical! If the wall is deaf, then I place the pins every 1.0-1.5 m in a checkerboard pattern. For a wall, regardless of its width, you need at least two dowels.

Once I saw a picture of how workers assembled a house from a bar on long wooden dowels, similar to rake cuttings. They lifted another heavy raw timber and drilled the wall with a long drill - not cheap, I note. Subsequently, during the shrinkage, the house hung on these sticks, huge gaps formed between the crowns. Even when assembling furniture, it is impossible to drill strictly vertically shallow holes for dowels and self-tapping screws, just holding the drill in hand. In the case of a house, deviations from the vertical are inevitable and very large!

Back to the nails

As with long wooden dowels, the house can hang on the nails when it shrinks (fig. 1). It is difficult to hammer long nails into the timber without drilling. This means that the labor intensity will increase and the estimate will increase, since nails of this size are not cheap. On the market, one 200 mm nail with a diameter of 6 mm costs on average more than 10 rubles apiece (I have already said about the manufacture of short nails).

But you should not completely abandon nails. For example, the topmost crown, connected to the veranda, or spacer inserts between the rafter beams can be easily fastened with nails.

Often there is a layout when a large span cannot be covered with wooden beams without an intermediate support. This support is usually a wall or column. But when you need to do without them, use a reinforced beam (Fig. 2). It is assembled from two bars, fastened precisely with nails. Moreover, if you hammer nails at an angle, then the strength of the connection will be even higher. I usually do this - I put a support under the not yet connected beams of the composite beam so that there is no sagging. Then I fasten the bars with nails, after which I remove the support.

In conclusion, I will say: each material has its own place! By using pins and nails where you need it, we get a warm and durable home at no extra cost!

Stepan Shkantov

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