Cement is one of the building materials that is used to prepare a binder solution. Exists various brands, differing in the strength of the final product, which also has some classification.

Quality construction requires that the brand of mortar be identical to the brand building material(cement). Determine how much cement powder is needed to obtain 1 cu. meter mixture at a ratio of 1/4 (binder and aggregate) is very simple.

Determining the quality level of a solution is very simple. To do this, you need to divide the brand of cement by the number of buckets with the sand used.

You only need to know:

1. Percentage of aggregate - the amount of sand in the solution. The optimal solution is the use of sand of different grain sizes. This is necessary for better mixing them together.
2. The amount of binder.
3. Density of cement– varies depending on the storage time. Fresh cement has an average density of 1100-1200 kg/m3. After long storage it rises to 1500-1600 kg/m3. The average cement density is 1300.

If the ratio of binder and aggregate is 1:4, then the composition will contain 20% cement.

If we take into account its density, then its consumption per 1 cubic meter of solution can be easily calculated as follows:

Average density (1300)/number of parts in solution (5) = 260 kg. This equals 5 bags of cement. With a similar formula, you can carry out the necessary calculations using a specially designed online counter on the Internet.

The use of cement is very wide, therefore, it has to be calculated in many cases:

• Foundation works- in this case, a high quality solution is required;
• For the subsequent production of reinforced concrete and other building products;
• Bricklaying;
• For the production of asbestos-cement products.

The main thing when calculating the required volume of a binder is not to make a mistake in the notation and not to confuse kilograms with grams, for example.

Depending on the application, the percentage of elements may vary. For example, to make brickwork a ratio of 1:3 and 1:4 is used.

In practice, the amount of cement in the manufacture of the mortar is slightly higher than expected. This is due to the fact that the sand has a larger fraction size.

As a consequence, cement fills voids very well when mixed with aggregate.

Using the example of calculating the required volume of cement powder in a 1/3 solution, consider another calculation method.

To do this, you need to know the following data:

• In 1 cu. a meter of space contains 1000 liters;
• The mass of a bag of cement is 50 kilograms;
• 1 bag contains 36 liters;

Also, in order to know how many cubes are in 1 bag of cement, you need to understand its “stuffing”.

Cement contains:

1. Clinker is an intermediate element. It is obtained by heating lime and clay quite strongly. Then it is crushed and mixed with gypsum. In the composition of cement, it is 85%.
2. Various additives defining the properties of the final product.

A 1:3 ratio solution is calculated according to the following steps:

• 1 cu. meter of sand + 1/3 cu. meters of binder (333 liters);
• 333 liters *1.4 kg/l. It turns out 466 kg of cement, which is necessary to obtain 1 cubic meter of mortar.

In a similar way, one can calculate required amount cement powder in any ratio with sand. So, to calculate the price of 1 cu. a meter of solution in general, and a binder in particular, is not difficult at all.
1 bag of cement how many cubes of mortar

There is such a thing as water-cement ratio. It characterizes the percentage of water content in the final product. This parameter is determined depending on the volume of the binder. This is what characterizes the quality of the resulting concrete. If the water-cement ratio is 0.50, this means that the volume required water will be equal to 50% of the amount of binder.

This indicator can characterize concrete, defining it:

1. Mark- the main indicator that focuses on itself when buying building products. The brand of concrete is indicated in this way: m 70, or m 75. These figures characterize the strength finished product when compressed.
2. Class- also characterizes the strength of the material and has a directly proportional dependence on the brand. The higher it is, the more value class. It is designated as - B 10.
3. Frost resistance- resistance to the destructive effect of low temperatures.
4. Consistency;
5. Plastic and other characteristics.

Based on the above calculations, you can determine how much concrete is obtained from 1 bag of cement. First you need to decide on the proportions.

If we adhere to the classical ratio, then the proportions will have the following form - 1: 2: 3 (cement, sand and crushed stone, respectively).

A simple calculation leads to the formula - 50 * (50 * 2) * (50 * 3) \u003d 300 kg. The density of the concrete obtained at this ratio is 2400 kg / cu. meters. To determine the volume of a product, you need to divide the mass by the density. The result is 0.125 cubic meters. meters.

What affects the consumption of cement in the manufacture of a mortar cube?

The selection of the components of the finished concrete mix is ​​subject to some features. For example, you need to know that with an increase in the brand value of cement, the amount of binder will decrease. Also, in some cases, stone dust is introduced into the solution. This securely preserves its structure.

Consumption of cement per 1 cu. meter of finished product depends on:

1. Mortar grades- it shows the degree of strength of the resulting product. Its value is chosen depending on the final purpose of using the resulting material. Solutions of maximum strength are used in the manufacture of building supports. Internal walls require a lower binder content.
2. Mortar type- sand, clay or limestone. They differ in the ultimate purpose of using the resulting product, and as a result, require different ratio in solution. So, in the case of using clay, cement is used in a ratio of 1:9.
3. Solution composition- specific ratio of binder and filler.

How much cement is needed per cube of mortar?

The approximate amount of cement consumed per cubic meter. a meter of the resulting solution, according to the standards for the manufacture of building materials, is equal to 200 kg of a binder. Such a volume is necessary in the case of using 100 cement grades.

How many bags of cement to buy?

The preparation of the optimal mortar for foundation, screed and other construction work requires an accurate calculation of the ratio of cement and other components of the finished product. This value must be determined based on the brand of binder.

For example, for masonry mortar you need to use 1 cube. meters of sand with a third of the cube. meters of cement. Here the number of components of the solution is indicated without taking into account the inclusion of water in its composition. The volume of sand should be equal to the final volume of the product.

Depending on the goals, a certain amount of mortar is used, and, accordingly, cement.

The finished concrete product consists of the main components:

1. Binder- on its basis, the solution is mixed. It is a powder material that quickly hardens and crystallizes after moistening.
2. Ballast- sand mixed with gravel.
3. rubble- a material that is large loose grains.
4. building additives- improve the properties of the finished product.

In most cases cement is used in ratios of 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5.

Recipe for the preparation of cement mortar

Before you start cooking concrete product here are some helpful tips:

• Cement is applied of the brand, which exceeds the required value of the concrete class at least 2 times;
• For the manufacture of 1 cube of solution much more dry materials are needed than in the calculations, because when the mixture is obtained, it noticeably decreases in volume;
• crushed stone strength must be 2 times higher than the calculated grade of the finished product;
• When mixing sand and cement you need to use a measuring bucket, not a shovel;
• foundation concrete it is better to knead with a concrete mixer;
• The process of preparing the solution is reduced to the following algorithm of actions:
  • pour water into the concrete mixer;
  • fill in the rest of the components;
  • add liquid;
  • mix the solution;
• The use of cement mortar is necessary no more than two hours after preparation.

The manufacture of cement-lime mortar is as follows:

• 2/3 of water is poured into the concrete mixer;
• lime is poured, then cement, doing this alternately;
• add sand;
• filled with the rest of the water.

Such a solution is used no later than 5 hours after manufacture. At temperatures above 25 degrees, the application time is significantly reduced.

For greater contact of the solution with the previously laid masonry, it must be moistened. If the solution is applied with a trowel, it is not necessary to press the finished mixture into the slots of blocks that have voids. Otherwise, the thermal insulation of the wall will be significantly reduced. During long breaks in the construction of walls, the masonry is covered with a film, which prevents precipitation from falling on it.

In concrete, cement is the composition that binds all of its components. The technical characteristics of the solution depend on its quantity and quality - strength, frost resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance.

As part of the mixture, the price for it is the highest, so the issue of cement consumption per 1 cubic meter of concrete is acute - too much, the profitability of construction will decrease, cracks appear after hardening, a little - the required technical and operational characteristics will not be achieved.

Consumption of cement per 1 m3 of concrete (M100, M200, M300, M400, M500).

To calculate how much cement is needed for 1 cubic meter concrete, you need to know what it will be used for. On average, 1 m3 of concrete will require from 240 to 320 kg of cement, depending on the brand of cement. Next, we will consider which brand of concrete should be chosen for what purposes and what cement consumption will be in the manufacture of each of them.

Calculation rules.

When performing the calculation, it is necessary to take into account the mobility of the finished solution. If the volume of cement is less than required, then it will not be able to hold the binder and filler. As a result, after drying, the concrete may crack under the influence of the external environment.

However, it is also not worth significantly exceeding the recommended value. This can also cause cracking. That is why each cube of the finished mixture may contain a hardener only one kilogram less or more than that obtained as a result of the calculation.

We will find out how much cement per 1 m3 of M200 concrete is needed.

As a rule, M200 concrete is used for floor screed and foundation construction. The reason is that this brand is characterized by high performance strength and frost resistance. In addition, the material is perfectly combined with reinforcing cage. If we consider concrete in terms of load perception, then M200 is considered a medium-strength material.

But to prepare a quality product, it is necessary not only to select all the components correctly, but also to combine them in the correct ratio. We give the required amount of all ingredients for concrete M200.

How much cement and other components does it contain:

• portland cement - 265 kg;
• sand - 860 kg;
• gravel or crushed stone - 1050 kg;
• water - 180 l;
• plasticizer - 4.8.

If you decide to prepare a solution with my own hands, then it is not convenient to use such a proportion. It's best to use the part-ratio approach.

In this case, the required amount of ingredients will look like this:

• cement - 1 part;
• sand - 2.8 parts;
• crushed stone - 2.8 parts;
• To the water must be removed 20% of total weight mixtures.

We consider how much cement per 1 m3 of M300 concrete is needed.

In order to get 1 cubic meter. of high-quality M300 concrete, it is necessary to use 366 kilograms or 244 liters or 5.88 bags of M400 cement, and in the case of using M500 cement, respectively: 319 kilograms or 213 liters or 4.26 bags of M500 cement.

When performing calculations, it was taken into account that the density of cement is about 1500 kg/m3. This figure corresponds to the average friability of the cement, which is typical for material supplied in 50 kg bags. Compliance with the indicated proportions of the content and quality of cement in concrete during its preparation will make it possible to obtain ready-mixed concrete of the M300 grade at the output, which meets all the requirements of construction.

Consumption of cement grades M400 and M500 per 1 cubic meter of concrete.

If in order to obtain the necessary specifications you need to know the proportions of sand and crushed stone, then in order to calculate the financial costs of construction, you need to calculate the cost of cement per 1 cubic meter of concrete. These data are calculated and summarized in the appropriate tables:

For M400:

Similar reference data have been developed for the M500, if necessary, this indicator is calculated using the figures for the proportions of the components for preparing the mixture.

Proportioning.

To calculate the amount of cement used per cube of concrete, you need to know the brand of the mixture, in addition, the brand of the binder used is also taken into account. The proportional ratio of the components is indicated in special tables. In construction, M400-M500 are more often used, and the proportion is drawn up in mass parts.

For M400:

For M500:

This means that for the preparation of M300 concrete from M400 cement, you will need to take 10 kg of cement, 19 kg of sand, 37 kg of crushed stone. The result is 66 kg of finished material. The average density of the mixture is 2200 kg/m³, so the mass of the binder used is 2200/66*10≈330 kg. Such calculations have already been summarized in special tables to facilitate the work of designers and builders.

Selection of the required class of concrete.

The required grade of concrete must be specified in the design documentation for the construction site. If the construction is carried out independently, you should decide on the brand of the mixture, since this is in critical affect the strength and cost of the building or structure being built.

The purpose of concrete of the most common grades is given below:

• M100- used for the installation of footings, the installation of parebriks, small architectural forms;
• M150- it is used in the construction of paths, sealing of fence supports;
• M200- for the construction of walls, porches;
• M250– manufacturing monolithic foundations, grillage, foundation slabs, lightly loaded floor slabs, stairs, retaining walls;
• M300– for any loaded structures: walls, ceilings, foundations;
• M350 – bearing walls, columns, ceilings, beams, monolithic foundations.

Additives for concrete solution.

• modifiers. Designed to increase the strength and increase the frost resistance of concrete.
• plasticizers. Increase the mobility and water resistance of the mixture.
• Mobility regulators. They allow to extend the setting time, maintain mobility during transportation.
• Antifreeze additives. Provides normal setting of the solution at negative temperatures down to minus 20 degrees.
• Setting accelerators. Increase setting speed providing maximum speed dial strength on the first day.

When using additives, the consumption of materials per 1 m3 of concrete should be determined taking into account the manufacturer's recommendations. Violation of the instructions for use can have quite the opposite effect.

Comments:

Concrete is the main building material today. For its mixing, a certain amount of cement is used in 1m3 of solution.

Concrete is the most popular type of building material due to its physical characteristics and low price.

No construction is complete without the use of concrete. For this reason, builders must clearly know how the components of the solution are mixed and in what proportions, depending on the type and category of the object being built.

Components used in the preparation of cement mortar

When mixing a cement composition, as a rule, four components are used:

• water;
• sand;
• cement;
• coarse filler.

Sometimes, to give the composition special properties that are required in a given situation, additional components are introduced into the composition of the composition. Depending on the proportions used in the preparation cement mixture components, ultimately depend on the properties of the resulting solution. Each of the components of the solution gives the mixture certain properties.

Most often, the strength characteristics of the resulting product depend on the ratio of components. In order to produce a cement-concrete composition with predetermined concrete properties, it will be necessary to strictly observe the proportions of the components when preparing the solution for work.

Ideally, the prepared cement-concrete composition consists of crushed stone of various fractions, sand that fills all the voids, cement as the main binder and water. Crushed stone in the preparation of the solution is used in various fractions in order to minimize the presence of voids between its elements. The resulting empty space is filled by the cement-sand mixture present in the composition, the better the mixture fills the voids between the stones of the crushed stone, the more high-quality and durable the concrete is after it hardens.

When preparing a concrete composition, certain recommendations must be strictly followed. This will make it possible to obtain a high-quality solution and ensure a guaranteed service life. concrete structure, in addition, compliance with the rules and recommendations in the preparation of the composition allows you to properly plan the cash costs for construction works and materials. To obtain the required results of the work, you need to know and understand the essence of the process of preparing a cement-concrete composition.

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Factors affecting the consumption of materials

The consumption of building materials for mixing 1 m3 of mortar depends on several factors:

1. Purpose of the prepared composition. When preparing a composition for pouring the foundation of a building, piles or load-bearing structures structures require an increased consumption of filler. If a solution is planned to create a variety of partitions, screeds or work on plastering wall surfaces, the binder consumption can be significantly reduced.
2. Brands of cement used. To save money, cheaper cement is often purchased. When it is used in the process of preparing the mixture, the ratio between the components used changes.

In addition, cement consumption is affected by physical characteristics binder. Sand is always present in the cement composition, and this building material can be coarse-grained and fine-grained. How larger size fraction, the more voids are formed in the total volume, which require filling with cement during the preparation of the composition.

Experienced builders claim that in order to get one cubic meter of a cement-sand composition, one cubic meter of sand is required. It is by the volume of sand that the required volume of the sand-cement mixture is determined. Water and cement fill all the space between the sand particles.

Failure to comply with the recommended proportions leads to the fact that the filler does not fill all the voids between the sand particles. The solution, which was mixed in violation of proportions, after solidification in its thickness has a large number of voids that reduce the strength characteristics of the product, making it more brittle.

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Calculation of the consumption of materials in the preparation of a cement mixture

To prepare a sand-cement composition with the correct proportions, you can use special tables that contain all the data required when preparing the mortar. However, in the absence of the necessary table, an understanding of the principle of preparation of the building composition is required.

For the calculation, the following ratios are used: one cubic meter contains 1000 liters, and the liter volume of the binder weighs 1.4 kg. With this ratio, to prepare a composition with a cement to sand volume ratio of 1:4, it will be necessary to use 250 liters of cement per cubic meter of sand. This volume of binder, in accordance with the accepted ratio, weighs 250 liters x 1.4 kg equals 350 kg.

A standard bag of cement, which is most often found in construction stores, weighs 50 kg. When preparing a sand-cement mixture with a volume ratio of 1: 4, 7 bags will be required. The amount of filler used in the preparation of the solution must be clearly controlled, since its lack can not only reduce the strength of the product, but also reduce frost resistance with water permeability, which, when used in the product metal fittings contributes to the development of corrosion processes.

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Rules for calculating the consumption of filler in the preparation of the mixture

In practice, in order to simplify the calculation, a rule is used that states that in order to obtain the required concrete grade, it is necessary to use a filler grade 1.5-2 times higher. For example, when preparing a mixture of concrete having the M200 grade, you will need to use the M300 grade filler. Although there are other methods of calculation. Usually, concrete mortar prepared in the following volume ratio: 1 part binder, 3 parts sand and 5 parts gravel.

It has been experimentally established that to prepare a solution with such a volumetric ratio of components for one cubic meter of the mixture, it will be necessary to use about 400 kg of filler, which is equal to 8 standard packaging bags with a mass of one 50 kg.

The mass of the filler used when mixing the composition depends not only on the brand of the required concrete, but also on the brand of the binder itself.

Observing different proportions of the preparation of sand- cement mortar, you can get the basis for concrete of any brand at the output. Therefore, in this article we will talk about methods for obtaining solutions for pouring, masonry and other needs, considering a variety of proportions, as well as the technology for mixing components.

Components of cement-sand mixture and concrete

Such building materials consist of three mandatory components:

• binder - cement acts in this role;
• filler - in this capacity, sand and a mineral component (crushed stone) are used;
• water - it starts the reaction of the formation of cement stone, due to which the viscous building material gains strength.

A typical binder is Portland cement grades 400 and 500, less often 300 or 600. And the larger the grade number, the stronger the casting or masonry will be. In addition, the strength characteristics are also affected by the proportions that determine the ratio of the binder and filler. Typical fillers are sand and gravel. Moreover, the thinner the first component (sand), the greater the percentage of the second component of the filler (crushed stone). Therefore, commercial solutions take medium and coarse sand that has passed through a sieve with a cell diameter of 1.2 to 5 millimeters.

The sandy part of the solution should not contain clay. Upon receipt of commercial and fatty solutions, soils are separated in a water jet using a washing procedure, since even a small amount of clay in the filler significantly reduces all the strength characteristics of concrete. Crushed stone in solutions is used either gravel or granite. The size of the crushed stone fraction can be set in the range from 4-5 to 7 centimeters. However, the grain should not be more than 2/3 of the minimum distance between the reinforcing bars. Therefore, in most cases, crushed stone of 40-50 millimeters goes to commercial solutions.

Water is supplied to the commercial solution in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:2 by weight of cement. The water-cement ratio of 0.3 and 0.5 provides sure hydration and high plasticity, and then the hardness of the resulting mixture. And the liquid itself can be both drinking and technical, but it must be clean. In addition, a number of additives are added to heavy and fatty solutions that improve the plasticity of the medium and the moisture resistance of the resulting casting. There are also reinforcing fiber additives that increase strength characteristics.

Household solution 1:4 or 1:5

Before diluting cement, most homegrown builders and finishers look at its grade. And if we have the 400th composition, then four parts of the filler are taken for one part of the binder, adhering to the ratio 1:4. Accordingly, for the 500th brand, a ratio of 1:5 is used. These solutions have become a kind of household classic, used both when laying bricks and when pouring concrete foundations, tiles, pillars. At the same time, water and crushed stone are added "by eye", and the components are measured not in kilograms, but in buckets.

The result is a moderately strong and frost-resistant solution, captivating with ease of manufacture and low cost. However, very soon the slabs and plaster obtained in this way begin to crack not even from the load, but from frost. After all, when combining cement with sand, it is necessary to focus not only on the mutual volumes of these components, but also on the mass fraction of water, crushed stone and various additives. Therefore, further in the text we will give industrial recipes, determining the exact consumption of cement and sand per 1 m 3 of a standard mortar used for masonry, finishing and pouring.

Mortar for brick or block masonry

To connect individual blocks or bricks, we need a mortar based only on loose filler. There shouldn't be any rubble here. At the same time, for loaded walls, the freight composition will be determined by the ratio 1:3, and for unloaded walls - 1:4. The consumption of cement per cubic meter of mortar in this case can be calculated both in liters and in kilograms. And, according to the proportions, for a loaded wall, it turns out that 750 liters of filler must be added to 250 liters of binder (1 m 3 \u003d 1000 l). And since a liter contains 1.4 kg of cement, the mass of the binder will be 350 kilograms.

Part of the sand is calculated by the formula 1 liter \u003d 1.2 kilograms and equals 900 kilos. In this case, water is needed no more than 175 liters (350 × 0.5).

For an unloaded wall, 1m 3 is divided into a 200-liter binder part and an 800-liter filler residue. According to kilograms, it turns out 280 and 960, and water here needs no more than 140 liters. According to the recipe, the first option is similar to the M300 concrete grade, but does not have its strength due to the absence of crushed stone in the structure. The second option is similar to M200, at least this amount of binder is present in concrete of this particular brand. However, the real M300 (B22.5) and M200 (B15), used when pouring reinforced concrete products (concrete products), are prepared using completely different technologies.

Concrete for pouring reinforced concrete products

In this case, we need grades with high strength characteristics B22.5 (M300), B25 (M350) and B30 (M400), which are able to withstand a load of 22.5 to 30 MPa. For the production of such solutions in a volume of one cubic meter, it is necessary to follow the following recipe:

• For M300: 380 kilos of cement are mixed with a ton of sand and 830 kg of crushed stone, adding 175 liters of liquid. Mixing takes place in a concrete mixer, and a plasticizer is used as an additive (at least 6.2 kilos per cubic meter).
• For M350: 420 kilograms of cement mixed with a ton of sand and 795 kg of mineral filler. In this case, when deciding how much water is needed, they are guided by a water-cement ratio of 0.4 and pour 175 liters of liquid into the concrete mixer, adding 6.9-7 kg of plasticizers.
• For M400: 470 kilos of cement, a tone of sand, 0.76 tons of crushed stone and 175 liters of water are poured into a concrete mixer and mixed with the addition of 7.7 kilos of plasticizer.

Using the M300, you can fill in any household structure - from a path in the yard to the foundation for a low-rise cottage. In addition, this grade goes to elements of flights of stairs and molded panels. But to achieve strength, you need to know how much and what to add to the concrete mixer, and follow the above recipe without deviation.

The foundations of factory floors and large supermarkets are cast from the M350. This grade also goes for panels and ceilings for multi-storey buildings. If you use the M350 in everyday life, you will not see how long such a casting will last. It will live longer than one generation of users. The M400 brand is used to fill spans and piers for bridges, manufacture monolithic bank vaults, and equip foundations for special machines and presses. Having prepared such a solution, you will get concrete of very high strength, but its use in everyday life is unjustified due to the solid cost of the components.

Cement-based finishing mortars

For rough finish basement floors and the arrangement of leveling screeds, it is better to use concrete grade M200. To prepare it, based on the output of one cubic meter, you will need 260 kilos of a viscous substance (cement), 1.08 tons of sand, 900 kg of crushed stone and 155 liters of water. Mixing can be done manually (in a trough) or in a concrete mixer.

As plaster solutions it is better to use compositions with a cement content in 1 cube of the finished mixture, as in the option for laying bricks or blocks. Recall its composition: 280 kilos of cement, 960 kg of sand and 140 liters of water. To seal small cracks, chips and holes, only a binder can be used, however, before diluting the cement (without sand), take into account the high fragility of the hardened mass. That is, it is no longer possible to lay such a solution at the corners. And try to use no more than a liter of water per five kilos of cement.

From the correct planning of the consumption rates of building materials, not only the completion date of the work depends, but also to a greater extent the quality of the structure. The most difficult thing in the calculations is exact compliance with technological standards. In addition, knowing the exact amount of materials, you can significantly reduce construction costs, since the amount of waste will be minimized.

Why bother with proportions

If it is quite difficult to make a mistake in calculations applied to materials measured in linear units, then in the case of dry mixtures and their components, errors are quite common. It will not be difficult to calculate the number of bricks to build a wall, knowing its dimensions, but to calculate the number of components for a cube of masonry mortar, difficulties may already arise. In a word, we will consider the consumption of cement per 1 cubic meter of mortar for various purposes today.

To obtain a high-quality cement mortar for various purposes, it is necessary to strictly observe the proportions not only of cement, but also of all other components. Crushed stone, sand, like cement, must also be added in a certain proportion. The fact is that if the consistency of sand or gravel is exceeded, the consequences for the structure as a whole can be the most disappointing.

Consumption of cement and sand per cube of mortar

If too much crushed stone is added to the solution, then cavities will remain between the fractions, into which cement has not entered, and, accordingly, the product or structural element will not be monolithic and will not correspond to the calculated load and other characteristics. Hence the short service life, premature repair costs or, in general, the replacement of a failed element, if this is possible.

The same story can happen when the proportion of sand exceeds the norm. In this case, we involuntarily increase the consumption of cement per cube of screed mortar, but we do not get the necessary strength in any case. From here comes Golden Rule proportions of cement:

Water should be added exactly as much as required specifications, no more, no less. The main factor affecting the quality and suitability of the concrete mixture for certain conditions is the grade and quantity of cement. In addition, we provide several different tables with approximate proportions for cooking. concrete mixtures completely different purpose.

The Golden Ratio of Concrete

In principle, cement consumption rates fit into clear mathematical calculations, but in order not to overload builders with rough mental work, these tables have been created. Each of them corresponds to the principles of proportionality, which we have given above - 1/3/5. Accordingly, to obtain a hypothetical unit of the finished solution, it is necessary to mix nine equal parts of all components.

In order not to delve into the arithmetic course for the third grade secondary school, let's say that in order to obtain an average cubic meter of mortar, it is necessary to have 333 kg of average cement. All the difference in proportions is dictated by the peculiarities of one or another technological process, in which the mixture is used - per cube of mortar for plaster and for the same amount of mixture for a strong screed, naturally, the amount of cement will be slightly different, as indicated in the tables.

The value of the brand of cement

In this case, it is also necessary to take into account the brand of cement. It is not necessary to recalculate the proportions each time if the purpose of the cement mortar or the brand of cement has changed. Each of the solutions is marked according to the brand of cement. So, if grade 300 concrete is needed for the foundation, and only M400 grade cement is available, it is enough to check the tables that will give the necessary correction for the cement consumption of the grade that is supposed to be used.

For example, to get a cube of concrete of grade 100, you need to spend:

• 390 kg of cement grade 300;
• 300 kg m400;
• approximately 250 kg of cement grade 500.

Features of the preparation of masonry mortar

But this is still half the trouble. For the preparation of concrete, for example, for screeds or foundation pouring, it is not necessary to take into account the properties of materials that are in direct contact with the solution. Masonry mixtures are much more difficult to prepare and calculate, and all because each of wall materials has its own characteristics.

As a rule, the consumption rates of materials for masonry mortar are adjusted based on the structure, porosity, ability to absorb moisture, of a particular building material. It is certain that golden ratio for brickwork will be correct, but an experienced bricklayer will always make changes in proportions just by looking at the quality of the brick or wall block.

Thus, the calculation of the amount of materials for the preparation of the solution is based on data verified by practice, summarized in tables, however, subject to amendments that provide for the characteristics of a particular material. Happy kneading!