Rich variety of grape varieties pleases the eye. A simple man in the street, filling the basket of fruit, knows that this is a berry one of the most useful and tasty. Grapes, due to the content of flavonoids, is a powerful natural antioxidant, and rightly can be called a berry of life, a bunch of youth.

A full spectrum of vitamins and minerals, the fiber and proteins necessary for a person, make the grapes "satisfying" dish. Such a fruit can replace a full dinner, will positively affect health, well-being and figure.

Grape varieties are divided into main types:

Gardeners, grapeters, choosing varieties, are focused not only on flavoring characteristics and beneficial features, as well as on the dates of ripening, resistance to cold and diseases. For businessmen focused on the agricultural industry, modern, high-quality, selection types of crops are preferred.

Paradise grapes - variety effect

Effect - new Sort The grapes obtained as a result of the successful crossing of the two source parents of the Talisman and the XVII-10-26 (reddish Early Muscat).
Effect ( Kinelel grapes) One of the modern selection forms of the plant is distinguished by important characteristics for the manufacturer:

In a kineel, with good weather conditions, the effect is kept already in July. Even with incomplete maturation has pleasant taste qualities. If the bunches persist on the vineyards until the end of September, then become dark with extremely high sugar content.

The history of the effect and his remarkable features

The famous breeder of Evgeny Georgievich Pavlovsky has long been famous among the gardeners that are frightened by viticulture. On the account of the scientist breeder dozens famous varietiesderived experimented. Among them, Rochefort, Monarch, Super Extra and many others enjoy certain success. From new promising forms, the variety effect has been highlighted, which has already won its place under the sun.

Despite the fact that the new grade is still in the improvement stage and has not entered the world market, but it has already become famous in the circles of gardeners-winemakers and caused great interest.

The main advantage of the variety, this is a fitness to the climate of the northern latitudes, easily carries out on new lands, is popular and in the southern regions. The second name of the variety is the Kineel Early. Distinctive features The hybrid shape of grapes are derived by experimental ways:

Finally detailed video review varieties effect, kineel early. Vitely will show and tell about the grapes of the owner of the nursery, the gardener Dmitry Reznikov.

Question. Stepan Viktorovich Drozdenko (Kinel) asks:when is it better to put a grape vine?

Olga Mikhailovna Nechaeva asks: why do you talk a little about growing grape vines?

Dear daches! Two years ago, we were printed in several our journals about this culture in which our experiences with you were shared by the famous Samara grapes of Kalashnikov. Obviously, you recently began to read our magazine, so we repeat the article from the September 2013 magazine.

1. Where to buy good varieties Grape vine?

I took seedlings from the famous grapes Samara - Kalashnikov. I had in the garden, I saw their vineyard, numbering more than a hundred varieties. From the best bushes ate berries. There were many hours of conversations with Valentina and Victor concerning the last, most promising varieties and hybrids of this interesting culture.

Favoring, having heard and making sure that the highly qualified specialists were in front of me, I took the best in your business, I took the best that there is in the Kalashnikov collection. Although it was difficult to choose, they do not hold bad. Why land by mediocrity when so many interesting varieties and hybrids appear every year around the world (and they have French and American varieties in the garden).

Sometimes they have to emerge very much good bushes In order to plant a rare copy of a supernovae.

Kalashnikov believes that September - best time For planting grapes, contrary to popular belief that it is possible to plant it only in the spring, but it is necessary to plant it correctly so that it is not extinct.

2. Equipment planting grape vines.

Victor Kalashnikov digging the landing pits with a depth of at least 80cm. On the bottom there is a broken red brick - this is a drainage, on top of it lays a layer wood waste (Old Churbaki, Boards) - In order for the drainage to "swim". Such a flooring at the bottom of the pit is well cut off the deep cold - it likes all the seedlings of fruit and decorative crops, have this in mind. I now do drainage under all landings.

Another chip is an installation in the planting pit of irrigation pipe. I use plastic pipe diameter in 3-5 cm. Her lower end to cut the damn, so that the water freely passes and install the pipe so that its upper end is tumped over the soil surface by 5-10 cm

Now it is necessary to mix with fertilizers from the pit out of the pit: two veins humidia, two liters of ash, two glasses of superphosphate and a bucket of claying crumbs.

We embarrass the fertile mixture to the bottom of the pits with a height of about 25 cm, we put a seedling, fall asleep his land, weanly water, mulch.

The main mistake of novice dacnishes - grapes plant as a regular seedling, and it is necessarybulk . The distance from the heel to the upper edge of the pit should be at least 40-45 cm. The heel on the seedling of grapes is called the start of the growth of roots.

Since the landing is carried out by the method of transshipment, it is not necessary to worry about the survival rate of grapes.

Trimming young sapling We will make in spring for 2 kidneys. We will take the shelter in the winter at the end of October, read about it in the next room.

Attention!

Vintage has male and female varieties.

Among all the hybrid shapes of grapes, a special place in our country is occupied by the varieties of the breeder of Evgenia Georgievich Pavlovsky. The grapes of Rochefort, Super Extra, Monarch and a few more dozen hybrids belong to its undoubted success. From new forms it is worth highlighting the variety effect. Despite the fact that it is at the study stage and is still not so famous in circles of winegartes, the effect deserves special mention, as it is derived to popularize viticulture in the northern regions. Moreover, general characteristics This grapes allowed to obtain recognition in private vineyards of the southern regions.

Bush effect with harvest in early August

Characteristic variety

The effect is the hybrid shape of grapes, which was obtained as a result of the selection activities of EG. Pavlovsky. Parental varieties - Talisman and XVII-10-26 (Superradia Red Muscat).

Another name of this grapes is the Kineel Early.

The purpose of the effect of the effect was to obtain a grape variety, which will be adapted to cultivation in the northern regions. With the task of experienced Pavlovsky, on whose account there are dozens of hybrid forms, coped.

Grapes have the main qualities necessary for the "Northern" varieties:

• early aging vine;
• frost resistance;
• resistant to fungal lesions and diseases.

In addition, indices of yields and taste properties make kineel early in demand and in the southern regions.

Description of the basic characteristic features of the variety effect

Refers to early and very early grades in maturation. The boathing time varies depending on the region (the end of July is the beginning of August). The period of active vegetation is 100-115 days.

• High yield, characterized by stability.
• Obroat flower. High pollination.
• Good "holds" high loads on the bush. The norm is 2 trunks on the shoot. With such a load, the level of sahara accumulation does not suffer.
• The bushes are distinguished by medium or high greenery, depending on the conditions and region of cultivation. When forming large number Inflorescences on the shoot, 2-3 pieces, slows down the overall germination of the vine. For this reason, the indication of grapes to the low growing effect is not separated. Vine ripens well over the entire length.
• "Issues" inflorescences in stepsing.
• It is good and develops with a kinsevocological cultivation.
• Resistance to mildew, oidium and gray rot - high, but requires clarification, since these indicators are currently at the study stage.
• Frost resistance - high. There is no accurate data at the moment, the estimated indicator is minus 24 degrees.
• It is not serious about the OS.

The effect is desirable to stream in the early years

Features of care

The variety in question is unpretentious in care. In descriptions there are no special requirements for the choice of landing sites in terms of lighting and quality of soil, which implies compliance general requirements For these parameters.

The average rose, the possibility of its regulation due to the control of loads on the bush, allows you to grow grapes in places with less free spaces. The distance between the plants in the row is from one and a half meters between the rows - from two meters.

Preparation of a plot for winter - disease prevention

The big advantage is resistance to diseases and exposure to the OS. Such features allow you to minimize processing and limit the standard preventive measures Spraying and processing. The effect does not require excessive attention to circumcision, sufficiently autumn and spring procedures. During the season, you can control the load on the bush, depending on the desires of the grapeter.

Despite the fact that the variety is different high rates on stability to cold, requires special attention To hiding in the central and northern regions.

Effect perfectly multiplied with cuttings

Varietal signs and fruits

Description Brozdy:

• Beautiful clusses of medium and large size.
• Middle Weight - 500-800 grams. It is possible to form a slope weighing up to two kilograms.
• Breakdi can stay on the bush for a long time, do not lose their qualities to taste berries and appearance.

Description of berries:

• The weight of fruits from 6 to 9 grams. Size - 28x26 mm.
• The form of fruits - rounded or rounded-oval.
• In size, the fruits are small, which is often indicated as minus, from the point of view of the market.
• Color - red-purple. When saving on a bush until mid-September, the fruits acquire a pronounced black color with a very high content of sugar.
• The flesh is solid, juicy. The skin is dense, when eating food is not felt.

Berries Grade Effect Large and Tight

• The taste is sweet, with pronounced nutmess notes.
• Perhaps a small penetration. In most of the descriptions, it is indicated that the effect is not susceptible to consideration, but many grapes indicate such a feature, although its insignificance is emphasized.
• Berries are not susceptible to cracking and rotting, even in seasons with alternating rain and arid hot weather.
• High rates for transportability and marketability. The effect is in great demand among consumers, and the popularity is noted in the markets in the southern regions, despite the small size of the berry.

It is grown for food intake. The effect often becomes a choice of grapes as a variety for sale.

Farming-farm "Klimanov", a better known in the Samara region as "Kinelel Grapes", produces the cultivation and breeding of grapes on an industrial scale. This is the northernmost industrial vineyard in the country. In the Kinelsky district, about 140 varieties are represented in 6 hectares. Of these, for growing on garden sites They are recognized by the best about 30-40 varieties.

Among the table varieties of this grapes are distinguished about 10 best. These are such varieties like Victor, Transformation, Libya, Novocherkasska, Moldovia millennium, Codryaka, Arcadia. From technical varieties is Kineelsky-1. The most large-face variety is a transformation. The largest berries at Victor varieties, the anniversary of Novocherkasska, the monarch.

Cinelese grapes - best varieties

Table. a brief description of The best varieties.

Selecting planting material

Grape saplings

On a note! The most important thing when growing grapes is to choose the right seedling.

The seedling should be with normal sheet plates and at least 50 cm high from the start of the root system to the top so that it can be deepened to a depth of 50 cm.

When to plant?

It is necessary to plant grapes from May to October. Kinelel grapes with a closed root system. That is, it can be reached from the container, cut off the bottom of the container, and then plant grapes to a depth of 50 cm in order for the root system does not extinct.

Step-by-step instruction for landing of the Kinelel grapes

It is recommended to plant in a container, as the plastic serves as a thermal screen that reduces the risk of freezing the root system. The moisture always present around the roots always, therefore put crushed clay. Under the roots, the underlining layer of fertile soil, and even lower - the ceramzite by 10 cm. The pit can be digging or drilling a bromide 200 mm. This is enough and the plant is accepted.

1. First you need to choose a sapling length not more than 0.5 m.
2. Then dig out the recess in the ground is 0.6 m in width and 0.7 m in depth.
3. Fly to float crushed clay at 0.1 m, so that the moisture absorbed faster. From above pour 0.1 m soil mixture (sand, humid, soil, wood ash).
4. From above to plant a seedling and half sprinkle the earth.
5. During the summer on the plant, up to 4 sleeves (shoots) should appear.
6. In the fall, it is necessary to shove the soil to the top of the vertex.
7. Sleeves should grow horizontally over the ground, and not up.
8. It is necessary to ensure that the shoots grow parallel to the ground, so that the grapes are comfortable to be comfortable for the winter.

Video - Landing grapes

The figure shows a diagram of a two-plane chopling: 1 - a roof of polycarbonate; 2 - boards to which the reinforced film is attached; 3 - wire for which during the season we will be tied up with a vine; 4 - young vines that grow out of the kidneys during the season; 5 - overwhelming kidney sleeves; 6 - racks Trelliers, supports for the formation and garter of the bush; 7 - Fastening of the Plant to Wedge on Sleere

Fighting Osmi.

It is produced in spring with the help of the drug "Adamant". In the spring, the wasps wake up from the winter hibernation. The uterus is preparing to make offspring, and the wasps fly and are looking for food. A bait made of pieces of meat, fish, mixed with the drug "Adamant", which is poison acting only on insects. He is a long action. The wasps feed the uterus, she dies.

Podkord

For Kinelel grapes, Italian fertilizers of Vallagro are recommended. Use both root and extra-green subcordsSo that the roots get everything you need, the leaf had good photosynthesis, the vine aging was happening and it was possible to get a stalk. The sleeves should be rided brown, with bunches and kidneys. Such escape is ready for winter, it will turn out of great seedlings.

Important! Grapes need potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. In this case, the fruits will be very useful for the human body.

SAMI early subordinate - When the kidneys burst. At this time, nitrogen is given (content - 30%).

In June, phosphorus is added more, which gives energy blossom. Also at this time, it is necessary to give Bohr (it, by the way, should be given in May). Total contribute 3 times before flowering. This is done so that pollen is not dry. Otherwise, it does not pollinate the plants, the berries is not formed or formed, but very small.

In the second half of the summer it is not necessary to give nitrogen. It is necessary to include potash fertilizers in feeding. This contributes to the fact that the wood itself becomes more dense. Calcium helps also regular formation cells.

In the autumn period increase potassium. Processing is carried out after harvest. To raise winter hardiness, boron, magnesium, calcium, manganese are made in the fall.

Grape seedlings

After planting seedlings behind grapes, it is especially important to carefully care for. Regular procedures need to be produced to obtain strong shoots. Care includes painstaking ground processing, right watering, loosening and feeding, protection against diseases and pests, as well as the shelting of plants for the winter period.

Young plants in the first 12 months after landing are quite demanding of the care. If you do everything right during this period, then in the future, Kineel grapes will delight good crops year after year.

The main thing is that efforts should be directed - this is the formation of strong shoots. It is better to strive for the development of one viable and strong sleeve than to try to maintain the growth of several more fragile processes. They may not bring harvest. It is also very important to pruning bushes. It is performed by B. spring period. At the same time cut off the extra sprouts and free the root system.

Grape bushes do not require a large amount of moisture when watering. It is necessary to stop the procedure at the moment when the moisture will no longer be absorbed into the soil. Drying soil near plants can be prevented if you cover it with a layer of sawdust or film. In the summer, it is desirable to add mineral fertilizers. At the same time, they should be selected, taking into account the composition of the Earth. Chuly feeding is chosen for application in alkaline ground. In this case, neutral fertilizers are suitable.

Important! Another important event is a competent building of grape shelter during the cold season. It will help him survive frosts, while retaining the future high harvest.

Kinelel grapes are sufficiently resistant to cold, but many varieties need winter shelterwhich is a difficult procedure. First, feeding grapes minerals. It is produced in the latter summer numbers or at the very beginning of the fall. The composition of the fertilizer is chosen, based on the composition of the soil. Then in the fall produced the soils of the soil around the plants. After 2-3 weeks, it is necessary to rush to water with water, filling the holes in width.

When the air temperature begins to fall below zero, shelter is produced. To do this, do the following:

• break through small ones on the width of plants (its depth should be about 0.3 m);
• sleeves to bandage rope and gently put in ditch;
• from above, pour soil (10 cm), then the layer of humus (10 cm) and cover with another layer of soil (10 cm).

Video - Cinema Grapes

If I were asked to name the best table grapes for Moscow and the Moscow region, I would not have conceived much. The climate of harshs, sometimes unpredictable, summer is warm, winter is cold, the shorter the timing of ripening in grapes than stronger the immunity of the plant, the better. Choose any seedlings with a maturity of 95-120 days, not mistaken.

If you are conducting a country household in the northwest of the Moscow region, then squeeze the will in the fist, and forget about everything that matures longer than 115 days.

I often complain Muscovites: planted different varietiesBut unsuccessful - sour, tasteless, and the recommendations gave the best. If you ask the names, and, however, varieties are excellent! And here is the timing of ripening 130-140 days. You still wait a couple of weeks when it matures, and then the snow went - your schedules did not coincide, hence frustration.

A couple of years ago, when we came to exhibitions in Moscow, we were surprised by the modesty of Muscovites' requests. And Isabella do you have? - asked us. Aleshchenkin, Rusball, Cinnika variety, was very popular. Old varieties, someone has sincere love for them, but, as they say - you can more!

Now we are increasingly meeting with grapes who have a huge practice of growing grapes in the Moscow region, and, with excellent results. At one of the exhibitions, we met with a colleague, which grows grapes in the northwest of the Moscow region, on peatlands, about 50 varieties! Part of the listed varieties we would immediately show off to buy, risky, and it grows everything, and everything gives fruit.

Of course, it was necessary to apply different tricks and tricks: some plants were planted into the greenhouses, part in insulated slides, it grows something in open soil. But the fact is that the choice of Muscovites and residents of the region is much more than they imagine. Output, be bold, learn successful experience And everything will turn out.

And now the first 5 best. Of course, the "five" in quotes, because to limit yourself with only five sorts sorry. But, let's say, this is a selection of varieties that can be planted and have nothing to think about, they will not let you down.

Opens our chartsVictor Or Victor . We have in your nursery on the stress do not parry, grapes on both options responds.

What will he interest you? The timing of ripening is 95-105 days. In mid-August, if the weather does not suit malicious goats, you already enjoy it harvest. Berries are large, if not to say, huge. Normally their mass of 9-14 g, in some cases until 20 g.Victor it's nice everything - both the color and taste, and obesity of large, rich covers. Mass of one from 500 g to kilogram. This is not a baby Isabella. The taste is wonderful, the pulp of fruit juicy, dense, mouth rejoices! OSS K.Viktor There are no special claims, therefore berries, if you have a weak appetite, they can hang up to October without special external transformations. Even if they are slightly searched by frost, it will not cause significant damage to them. But, I hope you are not only admissive grapes, but you fly for both cheeks, so such deep hanging is yoursViktor Do not threaten, he will be eaten before October.

The second grade, which enjoys the constant demand in the vicinity of Moscow -Super Extra . The dates of ripening are the same as Victor - very early, but to leave the berries on the vine for a long time I do not recommend, quickly lose the form. But it is not scary. At this time, it's time to rummage with your grapes, hereSuper Extras And start. The taste of her is rustled, in the gourmet look, and for me so wonderful. To open the season - the most. What else conquers inSuper Extra - Unusual internal force. Last year, I have two seedlings in the container, two-year-olds depended on my dacha. In our nursery, it is customary to leave in the seedlings of the wound, so that they are removed by the buyer. This is such an inner ritual - the client sees that everything is in order with a saplress (someone needs it, so that the greenery is more, and the berries at once), and then his own borders abruptly or have already formed a bunch, so that the sapling has enough strength to overrevail. On my saplings just there were such cliffs, by the middle of August they ripe, and I ate them - what will happen? Och-ch-Chen tasty! The color of the fruit of SE is white with Zelenzaya, they are filled with soft enjoyment. Large, egg-shaped berries, I am something reminiscent of Arkadia berries, so I always confuse their photos if I forget to make signatures to them.

Baikonur - my love. My weakness and my dream. Ideal variety (or rather hybrid) in all respects - taste, color, optimal for the northern regions physical characteristics. It is noted that on the "north"Baikonur showed itself even better than in southern latitudes. I have already left the seedlings for myself several times, but I led to the consciousness of buyers, surrendered and gave, with the thought: Well, I'll take myself. And then ... they have ended with us. This year not saving, I will definitely show. Already innerpege! Last season I made a photo session withBaikonurom Starting from the moment he had just begun to repose the barrels. And enjoyed it with staining and adopting to deep autumn. The bush in the nursery is young, the slope is not enough, the berries are not very large.

Rarely which variety is able to cause such delight. I have one secret pet, no two, trying which I cry tears of luniaBaikonur I replenished my list of the mostst-most beloved varieties.

Purple-red berries painting, in some with dark blue, almost asphalt, black tint, in a beautiful twist. They stay on the vine for a very long time, the bunches are large 500-1000. The shoots are agreed perfectly, there will be no problems with wintering. But most importantly, of course, taste. It is difficult to describe it, almost impossible. Sweet, juicy, very light unobtrusive nutmeg tone. You fall in love with him, that's for sure!

Long-awaited - Another hybrid that would like to recommend to residents of Moscow and Moscow region, and other adjacent territories. The timing of ripening has a little later, but it is good. I do not like when all the berries on the cottage shot and sit, we will miss, wait for the next season.Long-awaited Harmoniously will extend the grape pleasure. In terms of timing, he fits perfectly into Moscow grape rows and has one cute nuance. Bone in berriesLong-awaited Weakly pronounced, often practically no, rudimentable. Some seller sellers even includeLong-awaited In the list of kischimi in its directory. The grapes are very beautiful, elongated, large bunch, elongated, large berries of amber pleasant color, which are shining in the sun, become almost amber ..

Another variety that must be included in his grape collection iskishamis 342. . I myself am not a big fan of kischimi, I do not understand why chasing the grapes without bones, simply because it is too lazy to spit them. By the way, I do not do this with a bone, it is in them the most useful materialthat are in grapes (including in the ridge, but it does not want it somehow). Most chief Criteria Tastiness grapes, this is when you can not say, there is a bone or not, and they are. But