There is never a lot of grapes on the site. After the first success, the harvest of wine berries, the gardener is seriously carried away new culture... The confidence in the result encourages the expansion of the area occupied by grapes. The experience of cultivation adds decisiveness: the rooting of donated shanks, the acquisition of one-year-old seedlings - the home vineyard grows.

Owners of large garden plots can experiment and test new varieties - the area allows. Owners of 6 acres must correctly assess their capabilities - to plant such a number of grape bushes so that the plants give maximum yield v comfortable conditions... Therefore, it is important to know at what distance to plant grape bushes from each other.

1. A standard set for a beginner grower - 3 varieties of varieties: white, dark and raisin raisins.
2. When choosing a variety Special attention should pay attention to its self-fertility. Non-self-fertile varieties require planting in the neighborhood of "male" and "female" plants: there is no point in hoping for cross-pollination - the harvest will be of poor quality and in scanty quantities.
3. Novice growers sometimes draw a parallel with fruit trees and grapes of medium and even late ripening are planted on the site. This is a big mistake - in the Middle Lane it does not ripen due to the lack of sunny days. Only early and very early varieties should be selected.

When calculating the number of bushes, the productivity of the variety must be taken into account. Zoned varieties habitual to weather surprises, with proper care for 4-5 years of growing season, reach the level of 20-30 kg per bush - 3-4 grape bushes will provide a family of 4 people the most useful berries for the whole autumn.

Non-covering grape varieties are planted near a gazebo, near a fence, a wall of a house or outbuildings - it turns out that the bush itself practically does not take up space. Wintering vine varieties are distinguished by high productivity and longevity - a 15-20 year old bush produces up to 100 kg of berries. Such varieties of dark grapes such as "Isabella" are usually used for processing into wine. Therefore, there are no problems with harvesting storage.

Why is the thickening of grape plantings dangerous?

Under favorable conditions, the grape bush gives annual shoots up to 5-6 m. For the gardener, such a growth force of the vine turns into the need for constant monitoring of the situation. except autumn pruning during the growing season, the green shoots are harvested.

Insufficient pruning-cutting very quickly leads to thickening of the bush and, as a result, to fungal diseases, loss of yield, non-ripening of the vine and loss of the bush in winter.

Growing grapes without taking into account the minimum required distance leads to the same sad consequences.

Flaw free space inexperienced summer residents try to compensate with top dressing - this only aggravates the situation. After fertilization, the vine grows and thickens the bush even more, the living space becomes less and less - the result:

• mildew spots appear;
• leaves dry and crumble;
• photosynthesis is disrupted - the amount of sugars decreases;
• bunches do not receive enough sugars - the quality of the crop falls;
• due to a lack of carbohydrates, the wood does not ripen;
• the bush leaves for the winter weakened.

The death of a productive plant due to a lack of understanding of the importance of the problem is an expensive price for saving 0.5 meters of the garden bed.

Grapes can grow practically on stones without organic matter and water - in the shade and thickened plantings, it dies from disease and lack of sunlight.

What factors and how affect the distance when planting grapes at home

The planting density of seedlings depends on the size of the bush of the adult plant. Since we are talking about cultivated vines, the geometry of the bush is only partly determined by the selected variety. These sizes (and the distance between bushes) depend more on other factors.

1. Trellis type (1- and 2-plane): the same number of vines, placed on a 2-plane trellis, reduces the distance between bushes by almost 2 times.
2. The conditions in which the bush grows affect the strength of growth: soil fertility, a large planting pit, drip irrigation etc.
3. The strength of the bush's growth is largely influenced not by the varietal affiliation, but by the method of obtaining the seedling - own-rooted (rooted vines) always lag behind in growth from the grafted.

Basic rule experienced gardeners, which they are guided by in the formation of a productive grape bush: for sufficient photosynthesis between the vines, a distance of at least 15 cm is required, preferably 20-25 cm.

At what distance to plant grape bushes from each other

Depending on the type of trellis, the seedlings must be placed at a distance not less than the minimum given in the table.

For any method of placing vines (trellises, arches, etc.) on fertile areas, it is necessary to add 0.5 m.

The distance between the rows of the vineyard should also be at least 2.5-3.0 m. The best option growing - in 1 row:

• ideal conditions for airing the bush and a minimum of shading;
• convenient to take care of the landing;
• located at the edge of the plot hedge from grapes practically does not take up space.

The gardener tells about some of the planting schemes and methods of caring for the vine.

Vineyard layout: density and placement of bushes

Planting grapes should be placed only on well-lit and sun-warmed areas - the southern and southwestern slopes. Depending on the slope, terraces of various widths can be equipped.

For sloping areas, in order to avoid soil erosion and destruction of the slope, it is advisable to arrange the rows across the slope or along an inclined spiral.

On flat areas, the rows of grapes receive the maximum possible insolation, being oriented in the north-south direction. This does not change the rules for planting with a row spacing of 3.0 m.

When planted near the walls of the southern and southwestern exposure (lighting), the grapes ripen earlier due to the formed microclimate - the absence of a blowing wind, warming up during the day and heating at night (the wall gives off the accumulated heat).

A common mistake of novice winegrowers is to mix seedlings of covering and non-covering varieties. In winter-hardy plants, the aerial part of the bush is many times larger - root system frost-hardy grapes require a larger area for nutrition. Such winter hardy varieties can be successfully arranged even on decorative supports such as "whatnot" or "umbrella" in certain areas of the garden.

Planting a seedling of a wintering variety near the wall of a building or outbuilding should be carried out at a distance of at least 1 m.

1. The preparation of a planting pit measuring 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.0 m in any case requires respecting the distance.
2. Even the wall-mounted version of planting the vine involves placing it on a trellis, since a humid microclimate is created in the contact zone of the grape bush and the wall, which harms both the plant and the building.

It is impractical to plant several grape bushes near the building. Much easier methods formations, take the cordon along the entire facade and plant several varieties.

Industrial planting of grapes involves deep planting of the soil, the installation of a system drip irrigation, special designs of trellises. Investments pay off for many years in advance with intensive grape growing technology. The continuous formation of vines throughout the season makes it possible to reduce the distance between bushes in a row to 1.5 m, the distance between rows remains 3.0 m, the minimum for vehicles to travel.

Conclusion

A clever layout of a backyard vineyard can ennoble a summer cottage - give a southern flavor to buildings, hide a household yard from prying eyes, decorate fences and gazebos. A minimum set of 4-5 bushes is able to provide a family with grapes and products of its processing - wine, raisins, juices and others. Grapes are not as complex a culture as is commonly believed.

Gardeners planning to grow grapes on their site should know the basic rules for caring for them. The distance between the bushes when planting seedlings should be such that any grape varieties fully grow and develop. If you do not observe the distance between the grapes when planting, then such bushes can be affected by pests, in addition, the fruits do not develop sufficiently in tight passages. First of all, after making a decision to grow grapes, you need to think about and allocate an area for planting.

When growing several bushes or different varieties the area of ​​the site should not be less than 5-10 sq. m, while the distance between the bushes must be strictly observed.

To decide at what distance to plant grapes, you need to count the number of cuttings and determine the planting site. Some varieties are grown specifically for beauty and grafted onto walls of fences, houses and arches, while others are grown for delicious wine and bulk fruit. Before planting seedlings on the site, you need to prepare the soil and cuttings.

• Choosing a place on the site.
• Weeding and soil fertilization for seedlings.
• Choosing the best time of the year for planting.
• Preparing shoots for planting.
• Thorough care of plantings and vines.

What should be the distance between the grape bushes?

First you need to calculate the distance between the rows, then the distance between the vines. Trees can be arranged in several ways: moderate, medium and more voluminous. Moderate planting is 2 bushes per 1 sq. m, average - 2-3 bushes, volumetric - 3. You need to choose the right future arrangement of trees and plant them so that there is optimal distance and the shoots looked beautiful.

Please note that, based on many years of experience of experienced gardeners, it is advisable to make the distance between grape bushes the same as between the rows.

This is done in order to plant, grow, care and harvest grapes conveniently. On average, the distance varies from 1.8 to 2.3 m. Also, grapes grow at a smaller distance between seedlings. The main thing when landing is that they do not touch each other. At what distance to plant grape bushes, it's up to you, based on the variety of seedlings and the available space.

Choosing the right place for planting grapes

It is necessary to plant any grape varieties in sunny places of the site. Such a culture is considered sun- and heat-loving, therefore it is necessary to provide the plantings with a suitable place. It is best to plant seedlings where the ground protrudes slightly: such a structure will serve as a kind of lift and the roots will not rot in heavy rains. Grapes grow very well in the hills. If you observe correct distance between the vines, several different varieties can be grown and a bountiful harvest can be obtained.

If planted according to a large scheme, then you can grow several seedlings in one area, but the varieties of grapes are likely to become tall and finicky. There should be such a distance between the vines so that they do not interfere and do not take away the rays of the sun from each other. When choosing a place, it is worth making sure that there is sufficient distance between the vines for ventilation. If it is absent, then pests can start in the bushes. You need to choose a place where the soil is fertile. There are some grape varieties that can grow in less scarce soils.

The earth should be nutritious and rich in vitamins and minerals. Before planting, you need to thoroughly fertilize the soil. If the top dressing was not done on time, then you can fertilize the soil immediately after planting. The land is fertilized between the rows, with seedlings after a certain amount of time. Usually, feeding is done several times a year. If fertilized before the flowering period, then the plantings need to rest, the procedure can be repeated only after a while. The earth should not be oversaturated with any one mineral element. You need to feed with complex fertilizers and only when necessary.

If you have a certain scheme for planting seedlings, then you should strictly adhere to it. If necessary, the planting pattern can be changed if you decide to plant more additional bushes.

If the seedlings are too densely planted, the spacing between the vines can be evened out by regular pruning.

Before you start planting young shoots, you should draw up a plan, it should also be drawn in advance detailed diagram planting trees. In this case, it is necessary to focus on the previously calculated sketches and plant them based on the plan.

Front correct calculation the optimal distance take into account weather conditions, soil composition and the exactingness of the variety. Also to some extent correct pruning affects the workload and stocking density. If you row the bushes in time, all the bunches ripen evenly, and this correct scheme... When grapes have the entire crop on one shoot, it tilts to one side under the weight of the bunches and can block the natural light from others.

Planting grapes is an undertaking that requires careful preparation. In accordance with the characteristics of the viticulture zone, you need to choose the planting time, place and provide future harvest the choice of a zoned variety. After planting correctly, in two years it will be possible to get the first bunch of grapes from a new bush.

How to plant grapes correctly?

The grape bush occupies a large area, and enough fertile soil must be allocated to nourish the plant. In addition, it is necessary to place the plant in Better conditions on long years... The thoughtfulness of the layout will help you determine the amount of planting material you need. Consideration should be given to the ability to pollinate and the predominance of female flowers in one group of varieties and mixed flowering in others.

The establishment of a new plantation or the planting of one bush is subject to the laws of creating favorable conditions for the development of the plant and includes:

• choosing a planting site;
• preparation seat;
• the choice of the landing date;
• seedling preparation;
• planting a plant;
• care of the seedling in the first year of the growing season.

If these activities are carried out taking into account climatic conditions and, guided by the lessons of planting grapes in the videos that are posted on the resources, vine will thank you with the harvest.

Choosing a landing site

The future plantation should be located in an open area for sun rays place without shading by adjacent plantings. If it is supposed to place a bush against the wall of a building, then it should be located from the south and at a distance of at least 70 cm from the facade. The illumination of each grape leaf is an indispensable condition for culture.

Planting material

Planting material can be prepared independently from a well-ripened healthy vine in the fall. This is a responsible event for experienced winegrowers. They store the prepared material in special conditions so that the prepared shanks are alive at the time of landing.

Planting can also be done with a bush that has already taken root, but is still young. So it is best to plant the vineyard in the summer, which is desirable to finish in June.

A buried vine cutter can serve as a seedling, which by August will give a root system and will be ready for planting. The material for breeding is a vine with a part of the sleeve. Reproduction can go by seeds, so new varieties of culture are bred.

Grape planting dates

When you can replant grapes to a permanent place depends on climatic zone and the experience of the gardener. Autumn plantings are dangerous due to winter freezing or podoprevanie new immature plant. But in the spring the surviving bush develops faster, since while the ground was frozen, it managed to take root well. For the winter, the new plant is insulated and protected from mice. In the fall, you can buy healthy seedlings of the right variety.

In the spring, it is more difficult to get high-quality planting material. Spring planting should be carried out only in warm ground. If the seedlings have leaves, then hardening of young plants is required before planting. Spring planting requires more careful watering, since a weak root cannot yet provide nutrition, and moisture keeps the shank from drying out. The grapes planted in summer require shading and otherwise the plant will die, not take root.

Preparing a planting site for grapes

Grapes are planted with a distance between the bushes of 2, and between the rows of 2.5 meters. At this distance, the landing pits are being prepared. The less fertile the soil layer and the harder the soil sublayer, the deeper the pit is prepared. The depth and width ranges from one meter to 60 cm. At the same time, for watering the deep layer and feeding the plants, a drainage layer is subsequently created in the pit and a tube is inserted into it, the end of which will always be above the surface.

Deep watering through the tube will allow you to deliver nutrients to the root system.

After that, a layer of fertile soil is formed. Landing composition of the mixture at fertile land includes 2 buckets of humus, 0.5 kg, 2 liters of wood or plant ash. A well-mixed nutrient mixture fills two-thirds of the pit, where the root system of the grape bush will develop for a century. The earth will fall asleep from above without fertilizers.

Preparing a seedling and planting grapes

The strongest seedlings are selected, and the formation of the root system is carried out. Only the roots are left on the heel, which should develop. The rest of the roots from the buds upstream are removed. The plant is kept in water for several days, it contains honey or another stimulant. How to plant grapes from green layers prepared during the summer are described in detail on the website. But this method is no different from rooting seedlings obtained by other propagation methods.

Such a bush is planted in a prepared place so that the heel roots are at a depth of 45 cm, the layer most favorable for preserving the root system in winter. The seedling is arranged obliquely, so that later you can lay the vine for winter insulation... When planting, the roots are straightened, covered with earth and watered for better contact with the soil.

When placing the seedlings in the pit, you need to set it up so that the buds from which the vine will form are directed along the row to strengthen them on the supports. The inclined position of the seedling will make it easy to remove the vine for winter shelter.

Later, the pit is poured to the edges, compacted and watered more. When planting, you need to pour 4 buckets of water on each bush, and additionally make sure that the soil is moist during rooting. From above, the planted bush is covered to retain moisture and the desired microclimate. The shelter is removed after two weeks.

Caring for grapes in the first year of life consists in the formation of 2 to 4 shoots, depending on the strength of the bush, pinching them. In August, shoots are chased, and the root system is catarovated, that is, the roots that come out above the heel are cut off. For this, the stem is dug into two buds. These roots will still freeze on the surface.

Video about a proven and reliable method of planting grapes

Before planting any garden culture, it is necessary to comprehensively study the process of planting and leaving it. Since it is these processes that directly affect what kind of harvest will be obtained in the end. Of course, the experience of other gardeners plays an important role in such a matter. However, practice shows that from year to year they make the same mistakes, the elimination of which can significantly increase the yield. Moreover, when it comes to grapes.

Immediately before the planting process, you need to carefully plan all subsequent actions, taking into account all the nuances that can affect the growth, development and fruiting of the plant.

Influencing factors

To make the result of labor pleasant, in advance, you should do the following:

• choose a suitable planting material;
• assess the condition of the soil throughout the site, the degree of its fertility and suitability for planting grapes;
• plan the necessary measures for caring for the bushes and their approximate dates;
• determine the degree of soil moisture and the method of irrigation.

The answers to the above tasks will help to correctly determine the distance between future bushes. This value is influenced by many nuances that should not be underestimated. Even if you want to plant several bushes in the country, for a test, you should not plant them at random. Yes, with a fortunate coincidence, even randomly planted bushes bear fruit. But subject to all necessary conditions their quantity and quality will certainly increase. If the results obtained are unsatisfactory, it will not be possible to replant the plants.

There is only one way to fix the picture - by removing the bushes after one, thereby the distance between adjacent bushes can be increased, but the area will be spent irrationally. V otherwise you will have to uproot the landings and start all over again, spending a lot of time and effort almost in vain.

The timing

Another factor that influences the location of the vines is the planting time. As a rule, it is produced during periods such as:

• in the spring- usually this is the period from the second half of April to mid-May;
• in the fall- October or early November.

It is worth saying that these time periods depend on the climatic conditions of the region in which the vineyard is planned to be planted, so they may shift. The main criteria are the degree of soil warming or, conversely, the onset of early frosts.

Do not think that grapes can only be grown in the southern regions. Special adapted for middle lane Russian varieties are given wonderful harvest, if you do not delay planting and do everything on time.

In spring, seedlings with open or closed root systems are planted. The first - earlier, because it takes longer for them to take root. Planting material, even hardened by light and air, requires more heat during the growing season. All work should be done before the start of the movement of juices and rapid growth. Cuttings are planted in autumn, since all processes in the plant slow down by that time, adaptation to new conditions is easier. To avoid freezing, plantings must be properly insulated. To do this, you can use spruce branches, sawdust, straw and even polyethylene.

Varieties

When marking a plot for grapes, it is important to consider which variety was chosen, namely:

• sprawling, vigorous bushes should be located at a distance of three to four meters from each other;
• for medium-sized people, this figure is about three meters;
• for small ones - from one and a half meters.

If one row is planned, then the landing direction can be arbitrary. If there are several rows, you need to start from north to south. When distributing seedlings, it should be borne in mind that higher stands should be located on the north side. Low-growing options are located on the south side. In addition, it is necessary to alternate cuttings of pollinator varieties with unisexual flowers.

The distance between the bushes of grapes

Depending on the climatic conditions, you can opt for early, mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties. If the grapes bear fruit early, they don't need a lot of space.

Late, more powerful and cold-resistant varieties, with long sleeves, require more space around them. If the plantings are dense, the vine will grow crooked and the work carried out with it will be difficult due to lack of space.

Landing over late varieties at a distance of less than three meters is possible only in the case of constant monitoring and cutting off excess shoots.

In addition, there is a big difference in planting between commonly available and selective varieties. The latter are used on large farms. Planting, watering and processing them is carried out in a mechanized way, which standardizes the distance between rows and individual seedlings in them. On a production scale, more than frequent landing compensated by careful breeding, as well as subsequent selection planting materials, balanced mineral additives and a competent irrigation system.

In very limited areas, you can find the planting of seedlings at a distance of up to a meter between each other. Harvest under such conditions is possible, albeit not in full, and dense plantings require a lot of effort. For beginners, it is better to choose two or three varieties of different characteristics and try your hand.

Seat selection

To get a rich harvest at the end of the season, There are a few tips to keep in mind when placing grapes.

• The area for growing grapes should be chosen especially carefully. He must have good lighting, without tall fruit trees. The minimum distance to them should be at least three and a half meters, and the more, the better. Bushes are often placed along buildings or fences. In this case, make sure that it is the sunny side, not the shady side.
• It is worth paying attention to groundwater. Being close to the surface of the earth, they can lead to the death of seedlings. In addition, such soil freezes deeply, contains cavities, therefore, in this case, ridge landing is used, which increases the distance to the underlying water. At the base of the hole, a sand and gravel mixture is necessarily laid. And on the sides of the site, drainage grooves are dug for drainage.
• The amount of applied substances and fertilizers, as well as the seeding scheme, depends on the composition of the soil. Peat and clay soil not suitable for grapes. Ideally, a site with sandy soil or soil that includes rubble for good drainage and fertile top layer... In addition, the soil should be slightly alkaline, with low acidity.

• Soil fertility directly affects the distance between seedlings. It should be at least 2 m in a more fertile area, which can provide food for a rather spreading bush. And much less if the soil is less suitable for growing a given crop.
• Very often, gardeners seek to fill the aisle with benefit. Indeed, when the area suburban area is limited, and the distance between the rows is on average from two to three meters, there is a desire to sow it with at least forbs, or even vegetables that are more needed in the economy. However, this must be done carefully. Substantially impoverish, which means - take away nutrients, most garden crops... Some wild plants, for example, thistle, mustard, bitter wormwood, nettle, can negatively affect the growth of grapes. And also do not plant flowers such as bells, carnations, calendula near the vineyard.
• Legumes and melons and gourds as well as cereals. In the fight against diseases that grape bushes are susceptible to, you can plant dill, sorrel, strawberries or celandine nearby. Greatest benefit will bring roses. Usually they are placed at the beginning of the row, especially since the methods of planting and leaving them are similar.

To maintain the proper humidity level, the selected area must be well ventilated to prevent moisture accumulation. For the same reason, especially during the period of active growth of the root system, you need to ensure that a crust does not form on the surface of the earth. You can fight it with the help of loosening and timely watering.

Schemes

For the most common planting method, you need to dig a hole about a meter wide. The irrigation tube is installed in it. Drainage in the form of crushed stone, broken brick, small stones is laid on the bottom with a layer of at least 15 cm. Then the top fertile layer is filled up, removed here, and a little higher - less fertile, from the same pit. The seedling itself is installed at an angle on a mound formed in the lower wet layer, along which the roots are straightened. Top temporarily can be worn plastic bottle or any other device for keeping warm.

To shape the upper part of the bush, on both sides of the seedling, columns are driven in or dug in, about two meters high. The average distance between them should be 2-3 m, as well as the distance between seedlings. At a distance of about half a meter, a wire is stretched between them. There may be several of them depending on the option of forming a bush. All work on the preparation of the pit can be done in the fall.

If you plan to plant a rather large area with seedlings, you should mark it in advance with pegs and a rope. Instead of holes, it is better to use trenches in which the seedlings will be planted in rows. The distance between the rows should not be less than two meters on average. Alternatively, for summer cottages, grapes can be placed at a distance of 30 cm from the fence or 50 cm from the foundation of the building. But the distance between the seedlings should still not be 1.5 meters. Even if you want to save money, you should not do it, because there is a risk of getting the wrong result that you would like.

Tips from experienced amateur gardeners will help you calculate the correct distance for planting grapes.

Many people love grapes, so they undertake to grow it on their own plot. Viticulture is a fascinating business, but it has many of its own rules and nuances. One cannot do without certain knowledge. One of the first questions that a novice grower might have is the placement of the bushes.

How to arrange grapes on your site

The following factors have a significant impact on the distance between grape bushes in a row and between rows:

• Soil fertility. On fertile soil, the grapes will grow more intensively, so you need to leave more distance to the next bush.
• The magnitude of the growth force of the bushes. If growing a vigorous variety, it is also necessary to leave more distance between the bushes.
• The nature of the alleged grape shaping. The future shape in the horizontal direction (its size, number of arms and their location) is a significant point in determining the spacing between bushes.
• The need to shelter the plant for the winter. Covering viticulture assumes the presence of wide row spacings.
• Trellis construction. Single-lane options require less row spacing than two-lane options.

A two-lane trellis requires more row spacing than a single-lane

From what has been said, it can be seen that the grape placement scheme is determined by two parameters - the intervals between the bushes and the row spacing.

Exists general recommendations growers according to the arrangement of plants on the site. The placement of rows from north to south or from east to west is considered optimal, but in practice this advice is not always followed, more often it comes from the shape of the site, the presence of buildings and other objects on it.

Regarding the layout of the grapes, the recommendations are as follows:

• Row spacing should be greater than or at least equal to the distance between plants in the row.
• For a single-plane trellis, an inter-row distance of up to 2.5 m is sufficient, but not less than 2 m.
• When using two-plane trellises, the optimum distance between them is at least 2.5–3 m.
• From one bush to another in a row, the distance can fluctuate within 1.5–4 m. As a guide, you can take the feeding area required for each bush. It should be at least 5–6 m 2.

The growers who are the most scrupulous about the planting scheme can use the existing methods for calculating its parameters for production purposes. For example, on 10.1 m, you can place 5 rows of grapes, each 9.95 m long, with an interval of 2.4 m between them.

In any case, it should be understood that all theoretical recommendations are a skeleton on which to build up the muscles of reality. They must be adapted to specific conditions: the peculiarities of the microclimate of the site, the composition of the soil, the grape variety, the nature of its upcoming formation.

When planting culture on your site, you must not forget about the interests of your neighbors.

Clause 6.7. SNiP 30-02-97 *, approved by the edition of December 30, 2010 No. 849 "Planning and development of the territory of horticultural (summer cottage) associations of citizens, buildings and structures", states that the minimum distance to the neighboring site should be for the trunks tall trees- 4 m, medium-sized - 2 m, shrubs - 1 m.

Building regulationshttps://www.crimea.kp.ru/daily/25887/2848140/

* SNiP - building codes and regulations.

Regardless of the regulatory legal acts, the grape trellis should not shade the plants beyond the border. In addition, the need to use chemicals for processing grapes can provoke conflict. Experienced viticulture enthusiasts advise not to plant grapes along the northern border with neighbors in general, and with a different arrangement of trellises, retreat about 3 m deep into your site. With such a solution to the issue, neither the vines nor the roots of the grapes will penetrate the neighbors' plot.

In areas where it is permissible to grow crops without shelter for the winter, bushes are often planted along the walls of buildings, near gazebos, arches, pergolas. This landing has its own nuances.

The vineyard should be located against the most illuminated wall of the building during the day.

When planting grapes near the wall of a building or structure, it is placed at a distance of 1–1.5 m from the foundation so that the roots of the plant do not destroy it, and the walls do not get damp during watering. The culture is brought to the wall using an inclined trellis. At the same time, one should not forget that this is a sun-loving plant, therefore, it should be placed near the wall of the building that is most illuminated during the day.

For vine bushes near a gazebo, arches, pergolas, the following are important:

• the absence of nearby competing plants - shrubs and trees;
• location of grapes outside the shadow of buildings and economic facilities.

If these conditions are met, the grapes will not only grow and develop successfully, but also give good harvest berries.

Video: grape planting schemes

Table: distance between grapes and objects on the site

Planting scheme depending on the variety

One of the decisive factors that determine the grape planting scheme is the growth strength of a particular variety:

• vigorous;
• medium-sized;
• undersized.

For vigorous grapes, the shoots of which exceed 2 m, a larger feeding area is required - up to 5–6 m 2. Proceeding from this, as well as from the methodology for the further formation of the bush, the distance to the neighboring one is determined. So, when forming in one sleeve with a row spacing of 2 m, a distance in a row of 2.5–3 m will be sufficient for vigorous grapes. With two-armed vines formation, when the shoulders of two neighboring bushes will go towards each other, the distance between them should be at least 5-6 m.

A gross violation of the growing conditions necessary for grapes leads not only to a decrease in yield, but also to a loss of fruit quality.

Table: Nutritional areas for different grape varieties

Greenhouse grapes

In many regions with cold climates and short summers, grapes are grown in greenhouses. A solid experience of such viticulture has already been accumulated. But this method is also used in regions of traditional vine growing in open ground, since the greenhouse protects the plant from many adversities - the vagaries of the weather, wasps and other pests, diseases.

Grape bushes in the greenhouse are placed at a distance of 2.5-3 m from each other

In a greenhouse, as evidenced by the practice of viticulture, it is possible to plant 3 vines even with its small area of ​​6 m 2. In this case, the planting scheme is no longer as important as the peculiarities of grape placement. So that the plant does not receive sunburn, in contact with the walls or roof of the greenhouse, a planting hole or trench for planting several vines is made at a distance of half a meter from the wall, and the upper wire of the trellis should be at least 0.4 m away from the greenhouse roof. Several grape bushes in the greenhouse are placed at a distance 2.5–3 m apart.

When growing grapes in a greenhouse, the choice of variety is of particular importance. The plant should not be vigorous, prone to formation a large number stepchildren, while in cold regions it is important that its ripening period is not very long. For example, in the Moscow region, the following varieties are recommended for greenhouses:

• Michurinsky;
• Russian corinka;
• Moscow sustainable;
• Northern early.

In the Urals and to the north, preference should be given to grapes:

• Delight is perfect;
• Black Hamburg;
• Bulgaria is stable;
• Foster's white.

Features of planting grapes in different regions

No matter how attractive greenhouse viticulture is, in the most different regions regardless of the climate, there are still enthusiasts for growing vines in the open field. At the same time, the scheme and process of planting grapes undergo the most insignificant changes.

Ural and Siberia

In the Urals and Siberia, summers are short, and winters are long and cold. In the open field, grapes grow slowly, so there are recommendations not to prune it for the first year or two, so that the vine gains growth. The varieties are selected for winter-hardy and with a minimum or medium ripening period. Recommended early frost-resistant varieties:

• Li-4;
• Alyoshenkin;
• Early purple;
• In memory of Golikov.

The planting density of the bushes also changes - each is given about 1 m 2 for feeding, but the depth of the planting pit increases to 1 m. The bushes are placed in the trench at a distance of 1 m from each other. Of course, in these regions, grapes are harvested for the winter.

In the Urals and Siberia, grapes have to be covered for the winter

Middle zone of Russia

In these places, viticulture began to develop relatively recently thanks to the emergence of new varieties bred by breeders. Such grapes have a short period of fruit ripening and have time to yield a harvest in a short summer. Here it is recommended to plant varieties:

• Augustine;
• Don Agate;
• Alyoshenkin;
• Alexander;
• In memory of Dombkovskaya;
• Rusevn;
• Firstborn of Kuibyshev;
• Ilya Muromets;
• Lucille.

They use the following planting scheme: in a row between bushes 1-3 m, between rows - 2-3 m. Planting depth - no more than 0.4 m.

Moscow suburbs

This region has become a springboard for the movement of grapes to the north. They cultivate here ultra-, super- and simply early varieties, otherwise they will not have time to ripen, and have frost resistance up to -35 ° C. The depth of the planting pit, depending on the density of the soil, can be from 0.2 to 0.5 m.It is recommended to leave 2 m between the bushes, and 3 m between the rows.

For many regions

Russian early pink table grapes can be recommended for growing from Ukraine to the Urals, Siberia and Of the Far East... It winters well in frosts of -23 ° C, that is, in more southern regions it can be grown without shelter, and in more northern regions - under careful shelter. It is planted in planting pits 80x80 cm, 2 m are left between the bushes.

One of the oldest and most northern grape varieties, Amur is unpretentious, frost-resistant and perfectly adapts to growing conditions. You can grow it in any natural area... It can be cultivated as a technical one, then when planting, between the seedlings they leave from 0.8 to 1 m. To obtain table grapes, this distance is increased to 1.5 m. The distance between the rows is 2–2.5 m.

The correct grape planting scheme, correlated with all other parameters of vine cultivation, can become the key to successful viticulture, provided that the plant is further regularly taken care of in accordance with all the rules of agricultural technology.