• We begin to prepare the pear for winter by harvesting fallen spoiled fruits, which are always enough by the end of the season under any fruit tree, and leaves. Leaving leaves and rotting fruits under the tree cannot be, since various harmful insects, and rot and scab multiply.
• Over the summer, dried tips have appeared on the branches - they need to be cut off in a sector. If some branches are damaged and dried up, they should not be left either, as well as young shoots coming from the root. Do not forget to lubricate the places of the cuts with garden varnish.
• We carefully examine the bark. Some damage, wounds, irregularities appeared on it. We thoroughly clean all of them from dead particles until only healthy wood remains at the site of the wounds. We will process these places with a solution of copper sulfate and cover them with the same garden pitch.

We rake everything with a rake, knock down those fruits that have rotted on the branches with a stick, and remove them from the site. You can burn it all, you can just throw it into compost pit.

Autumn feeding of fruit trees and their treatment from pests

Fertilizers for pears are best applied in spring. But some gardeners feed fruit trees and shrubs in the fall. This is not worth doing, since, having received fertilizers, the trees continue to grow. However, feeding the pear in the fall can take place if the fertilizers are selected not for growth, but so that the tree can fully stock up on nutrients for successful wintering.

1. Autumn feeding of pears is done to increase the frost resistance of plants and consists of the introduction of potassium sulfate and superphosphate. To speed up the flow of the necessary substances to the roots, it is better to dig out small depressions (about 20 cm deep) and add 1 table for each m2 of the trunk circle. spoon of these fertilizers.
2. How else to feed a pear in the fall? V trunk circle you can pour rotted manure along with peat (mulching). Only it is better to do this just before the very frosts, so that useful substances from the humus reach the roots not earlier than spring.

To protect fruit trees from pests, we will prepare one of the following solutions:

• in one liter plain water add 0.25 kg wood ash, boil the solution for about an hour, then add water to two liters. We insist for a day and spray the trees;
• add 1 glass of ordinary table salt to a bucket of water. After spraying with these solutions, all harmful insects will bypass your garden far away.

Protection from bright sun, rodents and frost

Do not forget about whitewashing. It is necessary not only in spring, but also in autumn, so that with the onset of the first sunny spring days, the rays do not burn the bark of trees.

1. You can buy ready-made whitewash in the store, but you can also do it yourself. To do this, we dilute one and a half kilograms of clay and two or two and a half kilograms of ordinary lime in a bucket of water. We brush the trunk from the lower branches to the ground with a brush. Young seedlings can be whitened completely. Better to use a regular paint brush.
2. To protect the lower parts of the trunks from rodents, they can be wrapped with spruce branches (down with needles) and tied with twine.
3. Next, we shallowly dig up the trunk circles. We water them well, then the trees will more easily endure the approaching frosts.
4. After abundant watering, cover these circles with mulch with a layer of about 15-25 cm. It can be peat or sawdust. With this coating, the roots are more likely to stay healthy.
5. If the winter is not very snowy, do not forget to shovel snow onto the trunk circle during the winter.

Preparing seedlings for winter

The branches of a young pear can be neatly tied to the tree trunk so that strong winter winds and wet sticking snow cannot break them. We tie the tree itself to a peg driven in near the trunk. Some gardeners recommend tying the branches of young pears to the pegs with a string (each branch to a separate peg). Just like mature trees, we water the seedlings well before frost. Cover the trunk circles with mulch (sawdust, peat) with a layer of up to 30 cm. We collect more snow on the roots. But we make sure that this snow does not become covered with a crust of ice after the thaw. If this happens, you need to loosen it so that air can pass to the trunks of the seedlings.

We wrap the trunks with spruce branches and tie them with twine (from rodents).

It is better to transplant seedlings in the spring, as unrooted plants can freeze or will hurt for a long time until they can recover.

When we talk about insulating seedlings, we mean the correct protection of their roots from frost. Frozen branches can come to life in spring, in extreme cases they are cut off. And you need to start preparing for this long before the onset of frost - preferably immediately after the leaf fall.

Warming of plants may depend on the climate in which they live. If winters are predominantly mild, temperatures do not drop below 10-15 degrees, many of the young trees and bushes do not need to be seriously wrapped. In harsh conditions, plants have to be seriously protected. Plants that are planted in the fall are especially in need of insulation - they are still weakly rooted and can die without heat. It's best to dig them in.

It is necessary to choose the right plants of different cultures. You can pay attention to Michurin seedlings - they are well tested and are great for planting right in open ground in Central Russia.

Planting young plants in open ground should take place on time so that the earth is sufficiently warm. When the plant is already in the ground, it needs special care and attention for some time, and for the winter it should be especially carefully covered.

Insulation materials

To do this, use special means- agrofibre, mineral wool... Spruce branches, fallen leaves, needles are excellent. The earth has ideal protective properties. It is covered with a large layer of low plants.

Important!

You cannot use polyethylene for insulation - it does not allow air to pass through, the plant cannot breathe and dies.

We insulate the bushes

The most widespread and popular in our gardens are currants and raspberries. They are insulated for the winter in about the same way.

1. Currant is a frost-resistant culture. But with more low temperatures ah (from -25) may die. To prevent this from happening, you need to do the following:

• bend the bush to the ground and press down with a load... In this case, it is necessary to press down the ends of the shoots. Use shingles as a load - there are grooves on its surface in which the shoot can be placed. Do not use metal weights - due to their high thermal conductivity, they can freeze branches.
• You cannot bend all branches under one weight - it is better to distribute several pieces. After all, they grow in different directions, and if they bend them the other way, this can harm the shoots.
• Dig up the shoots with earth- she is the perfect insulation. The thickness of the ground cover must be at least 10 cm, then even without snow the bush will withstand frost down to -30 degrees.
• If the planting of currants in the ground was in the fall, it must be wrapped completely from above.

Another good way is to wrap it up with agrofibre. Its only drawback is that it takes a lot of time. It is necessary to wrap each branch separately, and insert mineral wool between them. This method of warming currants is also suitable for those bushes that were planted in the fall.

1. We insulate raspberries in the same way.

But you need to start preparing the bushes for winter with pruning them. This should be done in early October.

Then you should bend the shoots to the ground. When they are still flexible enough, they will not break, and on next year will bear fruit. Each stem must be bent to the ground separately and cannot be tied.

It is important to make sure that no leaves remain on the raspberry - they only take away strength from it.

Wrapped in this way, currants and raspberries can withstand significant frosts. For a greater guarantee, they should be bent over and sprinkled with a layer of earth even in such a "fur coat". And then they will successfully survive the cold.

How to dig in seedlings correctly

Digging in the "young growth" will help the young plant survive the cold without loss. But for everything to go smoothly, you need to do the following:

• Remove all leaves so that they do not take away moisture from the seedling. Without them, the plant will be more frost-resistant.
• At a small (up to a meter) elevation, dig a hollow in which to place the seedlings.
• Plants should not be laid out in a "heap", the distance between them should not be less than the length of the palm.
• Near the roots, your young should be well watered while covering the roots with earth. Its layer should be about 15 cm. The earth must be lightly tamped.
• With the onset of cold weather, the dug-in seedlings must be completely covered with loose earth. All winter, after snowfalls, it is necessary to remove snow near them within a radius of 2-3 meters.

Useful Tips

• In order not to confuse the young, it is worth attaching a plastic tag with the name of its species to each of the trees. It is better to make the inscription with a marker - it will not be washed away by precipitation.
• To protect against rodents, it is worth spreading branches near the digging hole. thorny plants like blackberries. In the straw, the mice will surely arrange minks for themselves. "Thorns" will prevent rodents from reaching the seedlings.

Warming of fruit trees

If the seedling of a fruit tree is already "adult", then there can be no special problems with its insulation - you just need to well mulch the ground near the trunk - how to fill its root zone with sawdust and peat - by 5-10 cm. Straw and just sawdust should not be used worth it - because of the rodents.

Spruce branches protect well from cold weather. It allows air to pass through and does not allow rodents to reach the trunk. They just have to wrap the tree well.

It is imperative to whitewash the trunks - this will protect the trees from sunburn.

In the fall, seedlings should be chosen. winter-hardy varieties apple trees, pears and other fruit trees. It is easier to protect them from frost in the first year. The roots should be well covered with agrofibre and kept under a large layer of snow at all times.

Warming of coniferous seedlings

So that young seedlings conifers are not frozen, they are covered for the winter with spruce branches, bags of sawdust. For them, there is another danger - under the weight of the snow, their branches can break off. It should be shaken off them regularly.

Conifers are quite frost-resistant and need insulation only in the most severe frosts.

Particular attention can be paid to the cedar. Among all conifers, it stands out for its extraordinary decorativeness and the benefits that it can bring to health. Phytoncides that emit essential oils cedar, have a good effect on the state of the human respiratory system, they have high antibacterial properties, and this smell is also not tolerated by moths. And if you grow a cedar in your area, you can say goodbye to many diseases. True, an ordinary cedar is a plant of considerable size, it needs a lot of space. For suburban areas, a smaller view is displayed - Siberian cedar... Breeders have developed many different varieties of it. It differs from the usual only in size.

You can grow it from seeds (nuts) or purchase Siberian cedar seedlings. Practice shows that those who were dug in before winter take root better.

If Siberian cedar seedlings grow in a pot, for the winter they must be completely buried flush with the ground.

The sun can play a special danger for him. It reflects off the snow and can severely burn the needles. So, on bright sunny winter days, you should cover the cedar with non-woven fabric.

Gardeners consider the pear to be a whimsical tree, so it must be carefully prepared for winter, with the utmost care and patience. For such an attitude towards herself, she will definitely reward good harvest in the coming warm season. The preparation of this fruit tree for winter consists of several main stages.

Site cleaning

Cleaning begins by collecting all the fruits remaining on the branches and under the tree. It is imperative to clear the area from volunteers, fallen leaves, mulch. All this stuff can be fine organic fertilizer after a special procedure and a certain time interval. If you leave all this in the area between the trees, then there is a danger of the appearance a large number pests and various infectious diseases.

After cleaning the garden area, it is recommended to renew the mulch layer in the pear tree trunks. Any organic matter, except chopped straw, can be used for these purposes, as it can become an attractive habitat for field mice.

Pruning

After thorough cleaning, you can proceed to pruning fruit trees. Autumn is a good time to remove all damaged and dead branches that will no longer bring any benefit to the culture and will not be able to bear fruit in the new season.

Preventive measures

Scab is a fungal disease that affects leaves and fruits. You can protect the pear from it with the help of preventive autumn spraying with a urea solution (5%) or special chemicals... It is necessary to spray the entire crown of the tree and its trunk.

If painful growths have formed on the bark of a pear, then they need to be cleaned, washed with an antiseptic solution (for example, copper sulfate), and then process the cleaned areas with garden pitch.

Top dressing with phosphorus and potassium content, introduced in the autumn, will help to increase the frost resistance of the pear and stimulate its wood to ripen. But it is not recommended to use nitrogen-containing fertilizers in the fall, since nitrogen promotes the appearance of new shoots, and they simply will not survive winter period... For weakened trees, this top dressing will only do harm.

Timely application of fertilizer to the near-stem circles of fruit trees helps them start flowering a little faster and bring bountiful high-quality harvests.

For each fruit tree, in particular for the pear, a mixture of superphosphate and potassium sulfate fertilizers is recommended. For one square meter the land plot will require one tablespoon of each drug. This dry mixture must be poured into prepared holes (about 20 cm deep), watered abundantly and covered with soil.

Watering

Abundant watering is especially necessary for trees before wintering, if the summer was dry and hot, and autumn - with minimal rainfall. Each adult pear should receive about one hundred buckets of water.

Pest control

Harmful insects mainly harm trees in the spring and summer period, but in winter mice and hares love to feast on the tender and tasty bark of pears. After their "meal" the trees get sick and may die. The most reliable protective material against rodents is spruce branches, plastic mesh with small cells, burlap or a specially prepared mixture for coating the trunks of fruit trees. The composition of the deterrent mixture: water and equal proportions of mullein and clay. A thick "whitewash" is applied to the trunks of pears and scares off uninvited visitors with its unpleasant, pungent aroma.

How to properly prepare fruit trees for winter (video)

Pear is the real queen in orchard... That is why it is necessary to provide appropriate care for this crop in the autumn. It consists in following a number of simple rules.

Below you will find information on preparing a crop for wintering, features of care, pruning, shelter, and a diagram of how to properly prune a pear in the fall.

Tips for caring for a pear in the fall and preparing for winter

Initially, in the autumn period, it is necessary to carefully remove private plot from fallen leaves. Clearing the space around the trees. The remaining dry leaves and rotten fruits are removed from the branches of the tree. Otherwise, they will be sources of infectious diseases in the future.

All collected waste is put into a compost pit. In a few years, it will become an excellent fertilizer for fruit trees.

If the crops show signs of various diseases, then the garbage must be burned.

Whitewashing trees is a rather important process of preparing pears for winter. With its help, the possibility of burns on the bark against the background of temperature fluctuations is eliminated.

For the procedure, it is recommended to use lime mortar... It reliably fights against pathogens of various diseases, and is also an excellent reflector. sun rays... Whitewashing is carried out the next year after disembarkation.

Pruning pears in autumn

After the foliage has fallen, it is imperative to prune the pear in the fall. With its help, full-fledged fruiting of the tree will be ensured.

Why prune a pear

Correct pruning pears in the fall allows you to save the strength of the tree and significantly increase the harvest level for the next year. With this procedure, the tree is not only thinned out, but the correct crown is also formed. The pear is tall enough fruit crop... By shortening the branches of the tree, it will not grow too high, which will eliminate the possibility of shading for smaller trees in the garden.

Video: pruning pears in autumn ( useful information for beginner gardeners).

When is the best time to prune a pear - in spring or autumn?

Some gardeners, especially beginners, are wondering "when to prune a pear - in the fall or spring." But everything is very simple. The procedure can be carried out at any time of the year.

It is better to prune the crop in the fall when the goal is to form the correct crown of the tree. And in the spring, it is recommended to prune dry branches that have not survived the frost.

Timing of pruning pears in autumn

We figured out that it is possible and necessary to prune a pear in the fall. And when is it better to do it? Timing in this matter plays an important role.

How to properly prune a pear in the fall - instructions and diagram

In order for the tree to be normally even and to please with fruits, it is necessary to carry out the procedure correctly. And how to properly prune a pear in the fall?

Trimming should be carried out in accordance with certain rules:

• Initially, it is necessary to remove from the tree all branches that are withered or affected by diseases. Otherwise, they can break in winter and damage healthy branches.
• After that, it is necessary to remove branches from the tree that grow at an angle of 90 degrees.
• If the branches grow incorrectly, then this requires partial removal. It is necessary to remove branches from the culture, because of which the fruitful branches cannot fully develop. If the gardener thinks that it is necessary to remove some more branches, then they need to be shortened. The branches are removed the next year.
• If the branches are removed completely, then this must be done in such a way that hemp does not remain. A well-visible ring is located at the very base of the branch. It should be a guide for the saw cut.

Scheme of pruning pears in the fall.

After removing the branches in the autumn, they must be burned. This is due to the possibility of collecting pathogenic bacteria on them, which can lead to the defeat of a large number of trees in the garden.

Video: how to properly prune a pear in the fall.

Features of pruning young and old pears in autumn

In order to form the crown correctly, it is necessary to cut off the main trunk of a young pear every autumn. As a rule, in the future this procedure will greatly simplify the trimming process. During the formation of the crown, it is necessary to ensure that it has a pyramidal shape.

In order to correct formation crowns, pruning of pear seedlings in the fall begin to produce from the first year.

Pruning of pears in the fall, which is more than one year old (2, 3 years), is carried out twice a year. If the tree has been grown for more than 4 years, then the layout of the second tier of skeletal branches is necessary.

After 5 years after planting the culture, new branches appear on it quite rarely. That is why only selective pear pruning is carried out. Otherwise, the removal of fruiting branches may be observed.

Video: how to prune a young pear in the fall.

Older plants are pruned using a rejuvenating method. This requires removing old branches that are not bearing fruit. Such pruning makes it possible to stimulate the emergence of new shoots. It is also used to thin out the crown and provide high-quality ventilation inside it, which will lead to improved fruiting.

Shelter pears for the winter

In order to eliminate the possibility of freezing of the culture, it must be covered appropriately for the winter. Its selection is carried out in accordance with the age of the tree and the characteristics of the climate of the region in which it grows.

How to cover a pear for the winter

In order to eliminate the death of a plant and ensure its full fruiting, it is necessary to provide it with a full-fledged shelter. The culture is a thermophilic plant and therefore needs quality shelter.

How can you reliably cover a pear for the winter? For this purpose, the application is carried out:

• Lapnik;
• Brushwood;
• Sticks;
• Boards;
• Poles.

The plant must be protected in winter from freezing temperatures and precipitation. It is necessary to start insulating the root system of the plant in October, when the first cold weather begins. Initially, all supports are removed from the tree so that the branches are as close to the ground as possible. In order for the pears to stick to the ground, you can use a variety of weights in the form of sand, vegetable tops, etc.

The branches of the plant are sprinkled with soil from above. The pear is also covered with snow. It must be poured under the tree trunk immediately after the first precipitation appears. In order for the culture not to freeze under the influence of snow, it is necessary to first put a layer of small brushwood or vegetable tops on the ground.

Features of the shelter of young and old pears for the winter

Young pears are overly sensitive to low temperatures. That is why it is necessary to approach their insulation as responsibly as possible.

How to shelter a young pear for the winter? To this end, it is recommended not only to cover the periosteal circle, but also to wrap the tree trunk itself. For this, white paper is taken, folded in several layers and wrapped around the trunk. You can fasten the material with ropes or wire. The paper can be replaced with bags.

We must not forget that it is necessary to cover the pear seedling for the winter, as it needs protection from the cold.

Old pears need insulation of the trunk circle. For this purpose, the use of brushwood, spruce branches and other materials is carried out. Some gardeners carry out mulching of the peri-stem circle. This provides not only warming of the tree, but also its fertilization, which leads to an increase in yield.

Features of preparing pears for winter in different regions

Caring for a pear in the fall and preparing a tree for winter must be carried out with the implementation of a number of specific rules. Also, in this case, it is recommended to take into account the region where the tree is grown.

In the middle lane (in the suburbs)

The middle zone is characterized by a relatively warm climate. That is why, when growing a crop, standard insulation will be enough. After cleaning the area around the tree, it is necessary to prune the pear in the fall in accordance with the instructions. At the next stage, small branches are laid around the trunk circle. After the first snow appears, it is collected throughout the site and a mound is made around the tree.

In the Volga region

The Volga region is characterized by a temperate climate, so it is quite easy to prepare pears for wintering here. To insulate the root system, soil mulching is often carried out. After cleaning the area, it is necessary to dig up the trunk circle, and then mulch it.

In the Urals

In order for the tree to fully survive the winter, fertilization is carried out in the autumn. After that, it is recommended to insulate the root system using standard methods. When growing a tree in this region, it is necessary to wrap the trunk with paper. This will eliminate the possibility of burns against the background of strong temperature fluctuations in the autumn and winter time.

In Siberia

Siberia has a rather harsh climate. That is why it is necessary to approach the warming of culture as responsibly as possible. Otherwise, under the influence of excessively low temperatures, the plant may die.

The trunk circle is not only mulched, but also covered with a rather thick layer of small branches. A large snow embankment must be made on top. In this case, it is also recommended to insulate the trunk. With its help, protection from insects and pests will be provided.

Typical mistakes

Novice gardeners often make mistakes when preparing pears for winter. The most common of these is that they the wrong way to insulate the plant, which often leads to his death. That is why it is recommended to take into account the climate in which the culture is grown without fail.

Some people leave the pruning process for the spring.. But it's not right... In the fall, it is imperative to prune pears and remove dry and diseased branches. The crop is also pruned to form the crown. If you prune the crop in the fall, it will be less traumatic for the plant and will not negatively reflect on the yield level.

Fertilizer must be applied before the pear is insulated.... This will allow the plant to fully survive even the most severe frosts. For this purpose, the use of superphosphate or potassium phosphate is recommended. Fertilization is carried out while digging the trunk circle. You can also make a moat around the tree, the depth of which is 40 centimeters, and fertilize it. And you can also lay humus in the moat. Procedure is underway late autumn so that nutrients reach the roots only in spring.

The fruit of the tree is a very nutritious fruit that many people want to grow in their garden. In order to preserve the fertility of the culture, it is necessary to properly care for it in the autumn, as well as properly prepare it for wintering.

Even novice gardeners can do the care, pruning and sheltering of pears in the fall. The main thing is to follow the recommendations.

In contact with

The pear, along with the apple tree, is the most popular fruit tree. This thermophilic crop when grown in middle lane requires insulation for the winter. Preliminary preparation to a responsible event includes caring for the tree in the fall. From the article you will learn how to insulate a pear for the winter.

It is especially important to cover a young tree sapling in the autumn, since it root system still weak and defenseless against the frost. As crops mature, they become more winter-hardy. Competent shelter of young pears for the winter, as well as the creation of protection for adult trees, will save them in the cold from the appearance of frost cracks on the main stem, due to which there is a violation of the nutrition of the culture. Only removing the bark on damaged areas will help, and if they are large, grafting with a bridge will be needed to save the tree. Covered pears in the spring they will begin to grow actively, and in the future they will give a good and high-quality harvest.

Video "Preparation for wintering a pear seedling"

In this video, you will learn how to properly prepare a pear seedling for the winter period.

Preparation

You can prepare fruit trees for the upcoming wintering in August, for this, fertilizers are applied to the soil. 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate and potassium sulfate are laid to a depth of 20 cm, after which the pits in the near-stem circle must be buried.

In mid-October, dried fruits and fallen leaves are harvested. Pruning is recommended for crops older than 1 year and is carried out twice a year. Requires charging watering in the amount of 50-100 liters of water under the tree. At the end of the autumn period, the trunks of crops are whitened with a mixture water-based paint with lime or chalk, sawdust is poured into the trunk circles.

How to insulate

Next, we will tell you how to independently prepare a pear for winter, using materials such as spruce branches, brushwood, as well as boards and sticks available on the farm to create a shelter. The first time the event is held in October, the stands must be removed from the tree, and the branches must be bent closer to the surface of the earth. Loads of sand or vegetable tops will help to do this. Further, the branches are covered with earth or fallen snow.

Root shelter

For mature cultures, it is important to cover the trunk circle with the help of brushwood, spruce branches and other materials. Preference should be given to organic matter, namely: peat, humus, sawdust. Mulching is carried out in a layer of up to 5 cm. When spring comes, the material will need to be removed, loosening should be carried out. And when the tree gets older, there is no need to create mulch.

Barrel protection

In young trees, both the trunk circle and the trunk itself need protection. You can insulate it with old bags or wrap it in paper. A more difficult option is the use of roofing material or a protective material similar in properties. But if you wrap them around tree trunks, you can count on not only protecting the trunk from freezing, but also from damage by rodents. As for Siberia and the Far North, where the average temperature in severe winters can be as low as -30 ° C and below, thermal insulation roofing felt and polyethylene will come to the aid of gardeners, from which whole mini-greenhouses are created.

Features of preparation for winter in the regions

Protection of pears in the Moscow region, the Leningrad region or another region of the country will be slightly different due to climatic features.

In gardens near Moscow, pears can winter well if, after harvesting, places near trees and pruning are laid around a branch small size, and from the snow that has fallen from the entire site, make a high embankment. The climate in this area is quite warm, there will be enough such protection for the seedlings.

In the Volga region, it will also be correct to remove the territory from fallen leaves and debris, dig up the trunk circle with a shovel and make mulch for warming the roots. Special efforts are not required due to the presence of a temperate climate.

Gardeners of the Urals in the autumn period should feed pear trees, then cover the roots with spruce branches or other suitable material, and wrap the trunk with thick paper, securing it with rope or wire. The procedure will also help to protect the bark from burns, which are not excluded in autumn and winter due to a strong temperature drop.

The harsh Siberian climate dictates its own conditions. It is more difficult to protect trees here than in other areas, but it can save crops from death due to very severe frosts... In addition to mulch, small tree branches must be poured into the trunk circle, and on top they are additionally insulated with a layer of snow. The trunk is insulated with roofing felt or other suitable store-bought material.

Novice gardeners should be especially careful to select The right way protecting the tree, taking into account the growing climate, carry out autumn, not spring pruning.

By competently preparing trees for wintering, you can save them from death and maintain high fertility.