There are two main cooking methods hot water... First, the water heats up while moving along the heater and is supplied to the water intake. Such a heater is called a flow heater.

The second way - a large volume of water is heated in a heat-insulated container, then it is gradually consumed. Such a heater is called a storage heater. The energy source is usually gas, electricity, or hot water from the heating system.

Flow-through - high peak power

An instantaneous heater must be relatively powerful in order to provide the required flow of hot water in the tap. A shower head requires a power of at least 10 kW, for filling a bathroom - from 15 kW, for two hot water taps - from 20 kW.

Heating water with an electric flow heater is not cheap. In addition, you need a three-phase connection (over 6 kW) and a special permit for high power.

Optimally for securing several cranes, install a compact electric flow heater... At the same time, protection against their simultaneous operation is put in order not to overload the network.

A cheaper option is to heat water with gas. Are used gas water heater, or the second circuit of the heating boiler. The capacity of such devices can be enough for two taps, and hot water is cheaper.

Disadvantages of flowing

With a flow-through circuit, the heater should be located as close to the tap as possible in order to drain less water until it gets hot. The recommended distance is no more than 5 meters. But in any case, there will be an overconsumption of water and energy. A similar disadvantage is typical for the storage heater.

Another drawback of the flow-through scheme of hot water supply (hot water supply) is the inability to pick up a little hot water. Each device has its own minimum power. Therefore, at low water consumption, it simply does not turn on.
As a result, water and energy was also overrun.

Pressure surges in the system cause discomfort as they change the outlet water temperature.

V retail outlets to sell an unsuitable flow electric heater, simply indicate that it produces so many liters of water at such a temperature, for example, +50 degrees, which at first glance is acceptable. But it is not indicated at what temperature the water is heated. The key characteristic of such an apparatus is the difference in heating temperatures. After all, cold water is usually +6 - +10 degrees, and not +15 or +20.

Accumulative water heating system

The main advantage of an electric storage tank with a capacity of 1.5-2.0 kW is that it can be installed anywhere, in any house and apartment, where there is a 220 V power supply. Its volume is usually 25 - 150 liters (running volume 50 - 100 liters) ... The water in it heats up gradually to a predetermined temperature, and during the intake, a large flow is possible, the temperature decreases gradually.

It is cheaper to heat water with a gas storage heater with a low-power burner (up to 3 kW). The fact is that such a heater does not need a special chimney. But it can be installed only by agreement with Gorgaz, probably on a separate project. Provided with air from the room (with an exhaust system).

Disadvantages of savings

• Limited amount of water, which can be difficult. For example, if one portion of the tank volume is consumed for bathing, then it takes a long time to prepare the next volume.
• The heater must be installed next to the water intake, if the bathroom and the kitchen are separated, then a separate storage tank must be installed on each tap.
• There is an overconsumption of energy from the cooling of unused hot water in the heater.
• Excessive consumption of water when draining water from the tap, which has cooled down in the pipeline.

Indirect heating boiler - stable DHW system

Boiler advantage indirect heating the fact that heating uses the energy of the heating system, which is abundant, and it is usually not expensive. Therefore, there can be a lot of hot water, its temperature is stable, water is cheaper.

The indirect heating boiler is a storage tank for 100 - 300 liters. Heating is carried out by a spiral pipeline through which a coolant heated to 80 - 90 degrees moves.

Heating systems are created in such a way that when the hot water supply cools down below the threshold value, for example +50 degrees, the boiler switches to heating the boiler. At the same time, it gives out an increased temperature and operates at full capacity, heating the hot water supply to the upper threshold value, for example, +60 degrees. Then it switches back to heating.

With a buffer tank - the largest supply of energy

V buffer tank the opposite is true - a large-volume container is used, about 1 ton or more is filled with a coolant, and the heated water moves in a spiral, i.e. direct flow heating occurs. But when additional taps are opened, its temperature changes insignificantly, since the structure has a large reserve for the amount of transmitted energy.

The hot water temperature will be the same as that of the heating medium in the heating system. Sometimes this is not suitable, therefore, it is included in the water supply scheme and mixing unit to reduce the temperature ...

The buffer tank is mainly supplied to heating systems with solid fuel boilers.

Other features of heating water heating

The boiler is often supplied with single-circuit gas or liquid boilers.

Another feature of the system is the ability to create a constant circulation of water through the circular water supply pipeline. Then, when you open the tap, we immediately get hot water. Cooling water is not considered a waste of energy, because it is used to heat the house.

There is also an opportunity to save money - an additional heating coil is placed in the boiler and connected to the solar collector. The energy of the sun is called free, the expense for solar collectors in this case it pays off. This makes it possible to heat the water in summer, if there is not enough energy, the boiler is connected.

Layer heating boiler

The main disadvantages of a conventional direct-flow heating system with a gas heater (second boiler circuit) or an electric one are solved by installing a layer-by-layer heating boiler. One or more for each crane. It is a thermally insulated container into which hot water is supplied from above. Its fence is carried out from the same level.

Such a boiler makes it possible to simultaneously receive a lot of hot water at a stable temperature. With it, you can pick up and "a little water", as well as provide the smallest descent cold. A conventional heating boiler can also be used as such an intermediate storage.

Error - incorrect connection of the DHW boiler

One of the common mistakes when creating a hot water supply system in a house is connecting an indirect heating boiler to the second circuit of a double-circuit boiler. This circuit itself is designed to prepare hot water, therefore, it has a maximum temperature limitation of +60 degrees so that thermal burns do not occur.

Now the most comfortable and economical solution on the creation of a hot water supply system is the installation of an indirect heating boiler, where possible. The rest of the DHW schemes can be considered forced decisions that are dictated by circumstances, for example, savings in creating ...

An electric storage-type water heater, or, in a simple way, a boiler, has long and firmly entered our life, providing additional comfort and allowing you not to depend on communal hot water supply systems. This simple device automatically maintains the required water temperature, while having a certain supply of it. Industrial devices come in a variety of shapes, sizes and exterior design... Despite the apparent differences, at their core, all water heaters have a similar design and a single operating principle. However, when making a choice between a particular model of a boiler, one should not only understand how it works, but also understand the features of the execution of some of its components.

In fact, any water heater of this type is a large thermos with a tubular electric heater (TEN) inside, therefore, the design of all boilers has the following elements:

• external casing with parts that allow the device to be mounted on a wall or floor;
• internal tank;
• a heat-insulating layer between the inner container and the body;
• tubular electric heater;
• thermostat with the ability to adjust the heating temperature;
• safety valve;
• protective magnesium anode;
• control and indication circuit.

When choosing a boiler, one cannot fail to notice a big difference in price, even between different models one manufacturer. It is primarily due to the technology and material of manufacture of the internal tank, as well as the presence of an electronic control and display unit.

These parameters determine the convenience of using the device, as well as the duration of its service.

Frame

The bodies of water heaters have both strictly cylindrical and oval and even rectangular shape, a variety of colors and design designs. Often on outside a thermometer is attached to the casing to monitor the operation of the device, as well as regulators or control elements. The material for the manufacture of cases is steel sheet or plastic.

To install a boiler, there are fasteners in the housing design, depending on the type of placement (wall or floor circuit installation). The space between the cylinder body and the internal tank is full thermal insulation material- most often dense polyurethane acts in its role.

Inner tank

The design of the internal tank of the boiler must meet the criterion of increased corrosion resistance and at the same time withstand constant temperature changes, therefore, manufacturers pay a lot of attention to this element, developing new tank coatings and applying methods of protecting it.

Steel tanks coated with glass enamel or glass porcelain

Such a coating is obtained by spraying a protective layer with its subsequent firing at high temperature(up to 850 o C). Glass enamel is not capable of oxidation, therefore it does not corrode at all. In addition, its smooth surface resists limescale build-up.

Paradoxically, the main disadvantage of such a coating stems from its dignity - high hardness the layer is low-plastic and over time, constant changes in water temperature lead to the formation of microcracks in its layer, which ultimately contribute to the destruction of the tank.

Manufacturers are constantly looking for new formulations for this type of coating. For example, the addition of titanium powder equalized the temperature coefficients of expansion of glass porcelain and steel, slightly improving the resistance of the layer to cracking. It is possible to slightly reduce the harmful effect of temperature exposure by setting the water temperature in the boiler to no higher than 70 ° C, although you still have to warm up the device as much as possible at least once a month in order to comply with sanitary rules. Another disadvantage of the glass-porcelain coating of the tank can be considered the increased weight of the boiler. Companies producing water heaters with tanks of this type, give a guarantee for their products for no more than 3 years.

Titanium coated steel tanks

By spraying titanium powder onto interior tank achieves excellent corrosion resistance. Moreover, this type of coating has high strength and mechanical resistance, having weak points only at the welding joints. The warranty for a device with such a tank is up to 10 years, which is a huge advantage, even if you take into account its rather high cost.

Stainless internal tanks

Such containers are devoid of the disadvantages of the two previous elements. Stainless steel, like titanium, is able to withstand the effects of impurities in the water, as well as corrosion. It is believed that stainless steel gives water a peculiar smell and taste that appear during its heating, but this is just speculation, absolutely not confirmed scientific research... It is known that the "stainless steel" does not enter into chemical reaction with water. Manufacturers also give up to 10 years warranty for such tanks, but they are the most expensive ones. Bucky out of stainless steel, as well as with titanium spraying, are more prone to scale formation than glass porcelain, but this does not detract from their merits in the least. Inlet pipes are installed in the inner tank cold water and hot outlet, as well as an electronic heating and protection unit.

Heating and protection unit

The elements responsible for heating water to a certain temperature, as well as protecting the metal of the inner tank from destruction, are installed on a metal flange, which is connected by means of a seal to the inner tank of the device.

Heating elements of various capacities are used to heat water. Depending on the heating principle, a distinction is made between:

• "Wet" heating elements, which are in direct contact with water, therefore inevitably become covered with scale, which must be periodically removed, otherwise the heating element will fail due to overheating;
• dry type heaters. Devoid of this drawback, since they are installed in a metal tube, which makes contact with the liquid. This scheme allows you to get rid of scale not only on the heater, but also on the tube covered with a layer of glass porcelain.

Some boiler models are equipped with several heaters. This design allows for stepwise regulation of heating, and also reduces the number of switching cycles for each of them (voltage surges during switching on of devices affect their durability).

Together with heating elements, a thermostat and a magnesium rod (anode) are installed on the flange. The thermostat is responsible for turning on heating element when the water temperature drops below the set by the consumer. Thermoregulators of both mechanical type and electronic devices operating in conjunction with an electronic control unit are used. Often, the thermostat device includes a safety shutdown circuit for the heating element in the absence of water in the tank. The magnesium electrode is designed to reduce the exchange of ions of metal components inside the boiler, giving up its own particles in return. This scheme reduces the effect of leaching electrons from structural elements and they corrode to a much lesser extent. At the same time, the magnesium rod itself collapses rather quickly and requires periodic replacement (when thinning to 10 mm or reducing the length to 200 mm). The control and indication circuit provides additional convenience when using the water heater, having the functions of precise adjustment of the water temperature, switching on heating by time, maintaining a different degree of heating depending on the time of day.

The principle of operation of storage water heaters

The boiler operation scheme is based on the principle of separation of water layers with different temperatures... As you know, warm layers of liquid are at the top. They are taken from the water heater through a hot water outlet pipe, the length of which allows the use of the upper, warmest layer. Cold water, on the other hand, enters the lower part of the tank, where the water heaters are installed. In addition, a divider is installed on the short inlet pipe, which prevents the liquid from flowing out and thereby facilitates mixing of warm and cold water.

The peculiarity of the warm liquid to rise up will not allow the use of a vertical design boiler, placing it parallel to the ground. You should pay close attention to this when choosing the type of device to suit your needs.

Heating of cold water is carried out by a heating element (one or more). A thermostat monitors its temperature. When the set temperature is reached, it opens the electric power supply circuit of the heater.

Good thermal insulation allows you to maintain the desired water temperature, spending a minimum of energy on its constant heating.

In the case of using several heaters, one heating element is used to maintain the temperature at a given level. The rest are switched on at a high flow rate, increasing the heating power many times over. This scheme increases the efficiency and reliability of the device.

Selected from above warm water is constantly replaced by newly heated liquid, which is supplied from the main. This is how the continuous heating process works. With a high flow rate, the temperature of the water leaving the boiler drops over time, therefore it is necessary to select the volume of the storage tank based on the amount of hot water draw-off.

A thermostat failure is possible, while the water can boil, as a result of which the pressure in the internal tank rises to a dangerous level. To prevent an accident, a safety valve is installed on the cold water supply pipe - when the maximum pressure is reached, it opens, thereby dumping part of the liquid into the supply line. The same valve is used to drain water from the device during maintenance work.

A detailed video on the boiler device is presented below:

Do not neglect to conduct periodic preventive measures, consisting in cleaning the boiler from scale and rust. They will allow the device to work reliably and efficiently, as well as save you from unplanned expenses.

Now it is difficult to imagine modern housing without hot water, which should be available around the clock. And if earlier it was supplied to almost every apartment centrally, now every owner must take care of this on his own. Until recently, in those houses where there was no centralized hot water supply, people heated water for bathing, washing, etc. with the help of electric boilers or even pots, there was such a thing, but now the situation has changed radically. Bulky and not always safe equipment was replaced by a modern and highly efficient boiler for heating water.

A water heater of this type consists of a body, inside which there is a container, surrounded by a layer of thermal insulation. The internal tank contains a heat exchanger, usually made in the form of a coil. The pipes of the heating element are led out to the heat source. The coolant, circulating along the circuit, heats the water.

There are indirect heating boilers for water heating, in which there is no coil. This design is called a "tank in a tank" and the liquid is heated by a coolant that is moved between the walls of the outer and inner containers.

The advantages of indirect heating water heaters include:

• reduction in energy consumption;
• fast heating;
• ease of installation;
• great performance.

The disadvantage is the dependence of the boiler on the connected heat sources. So, for example, if it is used as such a source, then in the summer this type of water heater will not work.

More clearly about indirect heating boilers is described in the video

Direct heating boiler

In water heaters of this type, the energy carrier is spent on heating the water only inside the tank. There are gas boilers direct heating and electric ones, which heat water using heating elements.

Such water heaters are a metal case in which a container with water is placed, surrounded by a thermal insulating layer. In addition to a gas burner or heating element, direct heating boilers are equipped with a magnesium anode, a thermostat, nozzles and a safety group.

Classification of water heaters by the type of storage system

Also, water heaters are divided into flow and storage. And each of these types has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Flow-through boilers for water heating

Instantaneous water heaters are devices capable of quickly heating a liquid without restriction in volume. Previously, this function was performed, but in modern more compact devices, water, passing through a heating element, made in the form of a flask, heats up to a comfortable temperature of 60˚C. This fast result is achieved thanks to the high power of the heating element. However, the device performs its functions only at one water intake point.

Another disadvantage is that this type of heating equipment is energy intensive. To reduce costs, you will have to use hot water more economically. Those who are not ready to limit themselves in the consumption of hot water should take a closer look at storage-type boilers. Also, when deciding to buy a flow-through boiler, you need to take into account the number of people living in the apartment and their need for heated liquid used for hygienic purposes.

viksenia, Russia, Tsarskoe Selo - Pushkin: Instantaneous water heater NevaLux 5611 - Forgot what it is to light with matches!

Advantages: small, compact, quiet, heats up perfectly

Disadvantages: designed for 1 point of draw-off, it will not turn on if the water pressure is small, the lower wires

When we moved into our house, we already had a column and, moreover, it was old, of Soviet times, that is, the previous owners did not change it. The house is from 1976, we moved in in 2006, that is, the gas water heater was 30 years old. Ancient however. But at first we did not change anything, since the column was in working order.

The first year everything worked fine for us, we even got used to lighting the wick with matches (the window in the middle). It was very uncomfortable and unusual at first, because in another house when we lived in St. Petersburg we just had hot water and without any gas. But they got used to the gas water heater.

Such a column also has its advantages, when hot water is usually turned off in the summer and it happens that for a week or two in houses not on gas, this is very inconvenient, but we have hot water at any time)))).

More details on Otzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_2725066.html

Storage boilers for water heating

The most convenient to use is a storage type water heater, with an internal tank volume of 10-500 liters. For apartments, as a rule, equipment is chosen with a tank volume of up to 150 liters (depending on the number of people living and their needs). Storage boilers are a tank with thermal insulation and heating elements placed inside, which heat the water to 35-85˚C. When the temperature drops, the automation is triggered, and the heating elements turn on again. The built-in is responsible for maintaining the required temperature.

Thanks to the storage system, it is possible to provide hot water at once to all water points in a private house or apartment. Are very popular storage water heaters for small summer cottages, which, in principle, is enough for taking a shower and washing dishes. It will take about 15 minutes to heat 10 liters of water to 45˚C, but a 100 liter boiler will warm up for about 4 hours.

Storage water heaters can be mounted vertically or horizontally, which allows them to fit into any space. Large volume boilers are placed mainly horizontally and on the floor, and the connection is made using flexible hoses.

Separation of boilers by type of energy carrier

As we have already found out, boilers differ in many parameters and another difference is the type of energy carrier with which the water is heated.

Electric boilers for water heating

Electric water heaters are more popular and are presented by manufacturers in a fairly wide range. The energy carrier is electricity, and heating element - heating element, which, depending on the location, can be of the "dry" or "wet" type. In an electric water boiler, a special sensor is installed next to the heating element, which controls the operation of the entire device through an electronic or electromechanical thermostat.

Between the metal or plastic casing of the water heater and the inner tank there is a heat-insulating layer that allows maintaining the desired temperature of the liquid for a rather long time. Cold water flows through the inlet pipe located at the bottom of the tank, and the already heated liquid through the upper pipe is supplied to the consumer after opening the corresponding one.

Most electric tanks for heating water are equipped with a magnesium anode, which, due to its lower electrical potential, attracts free ions of salts in the liquid from the water supply. As a result, scale settles on the anode, and not on the walls of the tank and heating elements. Over time, the anode collapses and for the normal operation of an electric water heater for an apartment, it will need to be replaced.

At the place where the boiler is connected to the cold water supply, a safety group with safety valve, which protects the water heater from the destructive effects of overpressure.

Gas boilers for heating water in a private house and apartment

Gas water heaters are not as popular as theirs electrical analogs due to the complexity of installation (project approval, ventilation, chimney, registration). Gas boilers for water consist of a thick-walled body, an internal tank, thermal insulation and a combustion chamber. Gas burners located in the lower wall of the tank heat the water reservoir and, accordingly, the liquid in it. In addition, heat is transferred to the water from the central channel through which the combustion products are removed.

Cumulative gas boiler controlled by a temperature sensor and a thermostat.These controls detect the water temperature and, if necessary, turn off or turn on gas burner... Also, the boiler is equipped with a special safety valve for emergency discharge of excess. As well electric water heaters, gas devices for heating water, they can be equipped with a magnesium anode, which eventually needs to be replaced.

How to choose a boiler for a house and apartment

Before buying a water heater, you should consider all the criteria that have already been mentioned. Now it is worth taking stock and before choosing a boiler for the home, we will briefly list the characteristics for choosing a device for heating water.

So, first of all, we determine the volume of the tank. Manufacturers offer boilers from 5 to 500 liters. However, when a person lives in an apartment alone, then why do we need a large-volume water heater, if 50 liters of water is enough for the needs. For a family of 3 people, a boiler with a tank capacity of up to 120 liters is suitable, and for a house or apartment with 4 or more residents, a unit designed for 150-200 liters is needed.

It is also important to know required power heating element, on which the rate of heating of a certain volume of liquid to a given temperature directly depends. The optimal power of heating elements is 2 kW.

An important role is played by the type of storage system, which depends on the family's needs for hot water - storage, running or bulk water. Great importance has, when deciding which company is better to choose an electric boiler, the price. The fact is that if a family needs a small-volume water heater and, moreover, for installation in a country house, then there is no need to purchase an expensive device when you can get by with a cheaper analogue.

Boiler manufacturers and their range

To make it easier to buy an electric boiler for heating water, you should familiarize yourself with the most popular manufacturers of water heating equipment and their model lines.

LyubaGrom, Ukraine: Accumulative water heater Gorenje GBFU 80 SIMV9 - A good boiler, but it is difficult to navigate in the amount of hot water.

Advantages: Two dry heating elements, magnesium anode, keeps hot water temperature well, reliable.

Disadvantages: There is no heated water temperature indicator, there is no way to turn off one of the heating elements.

In apartments and houses where there is no stable feed hot water, a water heater of any design will help solve the problem of heating water. When purchasing a storage water heater Gorenje GBFU 80 SIMV9, I paid attention to the reliability and the required capacity for our family. My choice fell on a storage type water heater with a volume of 80 liters.

More details on Otzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_767802.html

Average prices for water heating boilers

The cost of water heaters directly depends on the manufacturer, the volume of the internal tank, the technologies used, power and much more. Let's consider the most popular models of equipment of various capacities and their prices.

Models	Internal tank volumes, l.
	15	30	50	80	100
Electrolux	EWH 15S	EWH 30	Axiomatic slim	EWH Digital	EWH Magnum Slim
	RUB 5,375	from 5000 rubles	from 8,000 rubles	from 11,000 rubles.	from 8,000 rubles
Gorenje	GT 15 UV6	TGR30NGB6	TGR 50 NGB6	TGU 80 NGB6	TG 100 NGB6
	RUB 6,990	RUB 6,130	RUB 7,700	RUB 8,180	RUB 9,100
Termex	Hit 15 U	Flat Plus IF 30 V	Ultra Slim IU 50 V	Flat Plus IF 80 V	Flat Plus IF 100 V

Today induction heating creates a fairly strong competition for gas and electric boilers... And on the market heating equipment induction boilers positioned as one of the most economical options... If such boilers began to appear in industry in the distant 80s, then already in the 90s they began to be used for domestic purposes.

Basic principles of work

Principle of operation induction boiler

Already from the name of induction heating, one can understand that the operation of such boilers is based on the principle electromagnetic induction... And in order to understand exactly how the system works, it is enough to send a large current through a coil of thick wire. An electromagnetic field will surely appear around this device, and quite strong. And if you put any ferromagnet in it - that is, the metal that is attracted, then it will heat up - and quickly enough.

So, simplest example induction heating, that is, a heat source, is a coil that is wound around a dielectric pipe.

Inside it is necessary to place a core made of steel. The coil, which is connected to a source of electricity, will heat the metal rod. Now it remains to connect the device to the mains, where the heat carrier circulates, and such a primitive induction heating with its own hands will start working.

To briefly describe the principle of operation, then this requires only a few judgments. Electric Energy creates an electromagnetic field. The metal core is heated by electromagnetic waves. Excess heat from the rod goes to the coolant, heating it up.

The coolant in such systems can be not only plain water, but also ethylene glycol and oil. Due to the fact that the liquid is heated intensely, convection flows are obtained. The hot heat carrier goes up, and its power is already enough for a small circuit to work. If the line is long, then it is required to install a circulation pump.

Heating system with induction boiler

Debunking myths

Sometimes in stores selling equipment that carries out induction heating at home, you can hear simply unrealistic characteristics assigned to it. And, unfortunately, such properties are not always true. There are several main points to be aware of the truth about:

• The novelty of the principle. Many argue that this innovative technologies which are based on the principles of physics. In reality, this is the case: the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction was discovered by Michael Faraday back in 1831. And since the twentieth century induction system heating was used with might and main in the industry in order to melt steel. As you can see, this is not new technology, but just a well-known principle that has found application in modern times for household purposes.

Heating water in an induction boiler

• Profitability. A common statement is that an induction heater for heating uses 20-30% less energy than other electrical counterparts. In reality, everything is like this: any heating device converts 100 percent of the energy that it uses into heat - of course, if it does not mechanical work... The efficiency may be lower. It all depends on how the heat is dissipated around the heating device. The time it takes for the heat carrier to heat up to the required temperature directly depends on how efficient the heating element is. Therefore, lofty speeches about revolutionary economy are only gimmicks. After all, the law of conservation of energy has not been canceled. To get 1 kW of heat, you need to spend at least 1 kW of electricity. In addition, some of the heat will be wasted just like that. For example, the coil itself heats up, since the resistance of the conductor is not zero.

The economic effect of using an induction boiler

• Durability. Another common statement is that heating with an induction hob will work for you for at least 25 years, and that this is the most durable option for heating with electricity. Mechanical wear of boilers of this type is impossible, since they have no moving parts. Copper winding has a large margin of safety, and if used with proper cooling, it will last a long time. In any case, the core will gradually collapse - since aggressive impurities can affect it, and constant heating-cooling will not impart strength. But let us note that even this process is very long. The control circuit contains several transistors. It is they who will determine the life of all equipment without failure. A 10-year warranty is usually given. Although there are cases when the equipment worked for 30 years. The conclusion from all this is the following: induction heaters water for heating will work much longer than analogues - heating elements.
• Irreplaceable properties. Many people say that induction boilers retain their original characteristics for decades due to the fact that scale does not appear here. First of all, let's say that the effect of scale is slightly exaggerated. The lime layer does not have high thermal insulation properties, and in closed system a lot of deposits will not appear. But the same cannot be said about the core - here scale is a frequent occurrence. So, heating with induction hob really scale-free.
• Quiet work. In fact, if you study the reviews, you can say that any electric boiler will not make noise when water is heated, since there are no acoustic vibrations. The noise can only come from the pumps. So the judgment is correct.
• Compactness. Induction equipment can be installed in any room. This statement is true: this device is a piece of pipe that does not require special space.

Induction boiler

• Induction heating of water for heating is safe. If there is a leak of the heat carrier, then the electromagnetic field will not disappear automatically. The core will continue to heat up, unless the power supply is cut off, the case and mount will melt in a matter of seconds. That is why the installation should provide for the automatic shutdown of the induction boiler in such situations.

The boiler serves to heat water. In addition, it can serve as a reservoir in which there is a constant supply of hot water. Nowadays, when the hot water is turned off in summer time- a variant of the norm, the device has become in demand and many are interested in how to choose a boiler for an apartment or house.

Types of heating devices

First, it is important to figure out what is the principle of operation of the device for heating. This will allow you to make a thoughtful choice in the future. Heating elements - heating elements - are used to heat the water. After getting cold water into the water heater, the heating elements heat it up to the set temperature. There are two principles of operation of heating elements:

1. Wet. During work, there is contact with water.
2. Dry. A sealed flask is used to protect against water.

In the first case, the problem is that scale appears over time. It must be removed from the boiler every year. The second option - dry - is more reliable, but at a cost such a boiler will come out almost twice as expensive.

The boiler is equipped with a thermostat. Thanks to it, the device stops heating after the water reaches a certain temperature. After the water cools down, the device starts working again. Usually necessary temperature regime asked by the landlord.

There are models that, with the help of electronic control, allow you to control the heating intensity, taking into account the time of day.

It is worth remembering that with a boiler, energy is often used uneconomically. To avoid this, some turn off the boiler for heating or put it in the minimum heating mode.

Since the heating elements for boilers are different, there are two options for water heaters, which differ in the way the heating elements are placed:

1. Direct heating. In them, the heating element is located directly under the tank. This option is convenient in that it does not depend on additional heat sources.
2. Indirect heating. Heating is carried out using a technical liquid. Usually this option is used by those who live in a private house. In addition, the device does not depend on any energy sources, but it can also heat water from electricity when the boiler is not working.

The first version of the boiler can be either electric or gas (there is a gas burner available).

If we talk about the installation method, then heating devices can be:

1. Vertical type.
2. Horizontal.
3. Wall.
4. Outdoor.

The choice is also influenced by the material used for the construction of water heaters. With regard to anti-corrosion coating, it is worth noting that enamel is an inexpensive, but most often used option. True, there is no guarantee that this coating will last for a long time. If there are constant changes in temperature, then cracks appear in the tank and rust appears. In this case, it is recommended not to heat the water above 60 ° C. But this is not an option either, because this temperature increases the growth of bacteria. There are silver ion plated options, but these are expensive models.

There is an option to purchase a stainless steel boiler. This material is not so affected by corrosion and it lasts much longer - more than 10 years. But the price for such a model will be high.

Most often they use a cylindrical water boiler. It has the following advantages:

• Compactness.
• The water cools slowly.

Slimy is another option. Many of them are thin and elongated. Their advantage: oversized and relatively large hot water supply.

There are also rectangular water heaters. Since they fit snugly against the wall, as a result, they fit best into any type of interior. For a home with little space, this is a practical solution.

But if there is very little space, then a horizontal heater is offered. It is installed under washbasins, shelves and ceilings.

What to consider when choosing the volume of the tank

For those who live alone, a small 40 liter boiler is suitable. The water heats up in it in 2 hours. If the water heater is purchased by a family of two, then suitable option there will be an 80 or 100 liter water heater. It takes up to 5 hours to heat the water. For families with children practical option there will be a 120 liter boiler. Sometimes even it is not enough. It takes 7 hours to heat the water.

The given figures are averaged and depend on the power of the heating element.

Additional functions

Depending on the price, there may be the following functions:

• Eco heating.
• Indicator showing the remaining time until the next heating cycle.
• Protection of the heating element in the absence of water.
• Frost protection.
• Thermal insulation.

The device is more expensive - therefore, it will have more functions, and this gives some additional convenience when using it.

The price is not always the correct indicator, since a branded model with a minimum number of functions can cost more than a multifunctional Chinese boiler.

Video

This video tells how to choose the right water heater, taking into account its design features and family needs: