Household heating systems flow type They are distinguished by a simple control system and compact dimensions, since they do not require an additional reservoir for operation. The process of work consists in the circulation of water through a tubular heating element, where it is instantly heated to a certain temperature. Most optimal way equip the house with an uninterrupted supply of warm water - install instantaneous water heaters for an apartment.

Brief technical characteristics

Modern equipment is divided into several types, which involve the use of different ways liquid heating:

• The heating coil or heating element operates on the basis of electricity;
• Work is done through the use gas burner;
• The operation takes place thanks to a heat exchanger through which water passes and acquires the desired temperature regime.

The easiest to operate are considered electrical devices- they are very easy to connect, work without problems, but consume a lot of electricity. The average power of such a heater is 3-5 kW.

The most economical ones are gas ones, but they require connecting the house to gas networks and are installed exclusively by specialists with an admission category.

VIDEO: How to choose a water heater? Which one is better to buy?

Rules for choosing a flow-through apparatus

The task of how to choose an instantaneous water heater for an apartment must be approached as responsibly as possible. In order not to make a mistake in your choice, you should answer a few questions.

1. What energy source will the device operate on?

Today there are two types of energy sources: gas or electricity. If the house is heated gas boiler, you can generally purchase a double-circuit boiler, which both heats and provides DHW. Both circuits are autonomous and are not interconnected in operation.

In the absence of gas, electric instantaneous boilers are chosen, which are installed in the immediate vicinity of the water intake point - on the tap, on or instead of a shower, near the sink as an additional source of hot water supply, etc. The performance of the device depends on the type of wires installed. For example, in old buildings, shields are designed for a maximum current supply of up to 16A. They can withstand the power of equipment no more than 3.5 kW. Later buildings have shields that can withstand 32-40 A, in this case, you can use a powerful apparatus with a value of up to 8 kW.

Regardless of the quality of the wiring and the year of construction during installation electrical device should be further separate wire heading from the unit to the electric machine.

1. Type of equipment

There are two types of equipment: gravity and pressure. The second option is more suitable for an apartment, which, during the installation process, is mounted directly on hot and cold water pipes. The device has the ability to provide hot water into several mixers at once.

However, if the purpose of purchasing a device is to seasonally shut off the centralized water supply, you should choose a non-pressurized option. It is often less powerful and has additional shower heads. This unit is intended for heating the coolant only in summer time year, in winter he is not able to effectively cope with work.

1. Equipment performance

Here, in to a greater extent you need to find out what consumption of water is required for the implementation of domestic purposes, taking into account the incoming and outgoing temperature conditions. It is these parameters that are recorded in the passport of an instantaneous water heater for an apartment.

To calculate, place a container with a known volume under the tap and measure one minute. The amount that will be typed in a given period of time is the main parameter for choosing a device.

The temperature of the incoming water is of fundamental importance. If it is at around 14 ° C and above, the output will be the degrees declared by the manufacturer. The lower the incoming temperature, the correspondingly cooler it will be.

Experts recommend purchasing equipment renowned manufacturer... Since dubious products will significantly save investments, however, a little later, problems may arise with a quick breakdown of the unit and hard-to-reach parts.

Installation of low-quality equipment in a house or apartment can lead not only to difficulties associated with its functioning, but also to a breach of the security of the entire property.

In order to figure out how to choose an instantaneous water heater for an apartment, you need to correctly assess the upcoming load. A family of four will need a 14-16 kW device. The volume of water in this case will be 5-8 liters per minute, which is enough for 1-2 points of water intake.

The maximum temperature should be at least 50 ° С, but keep in mind that in winter it may be less by 3-5 ° С at the outlet. Since we are talking about household use, the power supply unit must be rated for 220 V, frequency 20-30 Hz. If the house is private or there are regular voltage drops in the network, buy devices with a frequency of 30 Hz. If voltage stabilizers are installed, 20 Hz can be dispensed with.

Do not buy appliances without overheating protection. The IP30 marking must be present on the protection.

As for the probes, it is better to prefer anti-corrosion ones, but some manufacturers have already released a line of steatite ones. Both the one and the other variety have proven themselves equally well in operation.

When the choice is made, be sure to ask the seller-consultant for a certificate of quality compliance and do not forget about the warranty period.

Popular brands, models and reviews about them

As already discussed a little earlier, the use of more powerful models is impractical for an apartment, as is the case with a private house. Therefore, we will give examples of less efficient units that occupy a leading position in the technical market.

Instantaneous electric water heater for kitchen Atmor Basic 3,5 kW

With a power of 3.5 kW and a maximum fluid flow rate of up to 3 l / min. The budget version of the heating system is capable of producing temperatures up to 40 ° C under one condition, if the liquid at the inlet to the apparatus is not colder than 18 ° C. Estimated cost varies from 1000 to 1500 rubles.

The main user complaints about frequent shutdowns and "lumbago" cold water when turned on at high power.

Water heater Polaris Vega T 3,5

Power 5.5 kW and capacity - 4.3 liters. Thanks to its universal shape, the equipment can be mounted under a bath, a washbasin or in a niche. The package includes a faucet and a shower head.

In general, there are very few negative user reviews, the equipment is called good quality, which fully justifies its affordable cost - 2,000 rubles.

Instantaneous water heater for an apartment Cartridge PE-VN-220

Has an average cost - up to 2600 rubles. Power does not exceed 5 kW, consumption - 5 l / min. The device assumes the treatment of low quality water, therefore, it is equipped with an additional protective layer that increases the operational life of the equipment.

Electric flowing water heater Electrolux SMARTFIX 2.0 S (3.5 kW)

A very high quality line of equipment, equipped with all the necessary protective equipment. Average productivity - 3-4 liters. Power 5.5 kW. Very compact size, laconic design. It is convenient to place them in niches. There is only one drawback - the price. On average, such equipment will cost 5,000 rubles.

V modern models predominantly steatite heating elements, which even in comparison with anti-corrosion ones, prolongs the service life. Maximum temperature 50 °. Parameters - 220V, 20-30 Hz. Everything is done very well.

Instantaneous water heater Thermex System 1000 (wh)

Universal water heaters that are in demand among consumers, but at the same time have a number of complaints. First of all, this concerns the absence of gaskets for the thermostat. Limiting the operating frequency to 25 Hertz, which in case of voltage drops in the network can affect the operation of the equipment. It is advisable to immediately install a voltage stabilizer and not use the device at full power.

The advantages are thermal switches, high-quality regulators and versatility. Most have 3 operating modes. Price - 5500-6000 rubles.

How to install the device?

First of all, it is necessary to install the device directly on the wall, and then connect it to common system plumbing.

Next, a power connection is required. Even if an instantaneous water heater has a low power, a separate electrical wire should still be installed for it. This process must be carried out based on the factor that not every electric meter is capable of withstanding a large current load.

The diameter of the wiring and the type of automation is selected based on technical features water heater and meter. It is important to remember that the standard socket through which the equipment is planned to be connected must have a grounding element.

After that, the device is connected to the water supply directly to the tap or the shower head is replaced, depending on the configuration and type of device.

VIDEO: Instantaneous water heater. Schematic diagram connectivity

Among huge amount models of boilers on the market, it is quite difficult to decide on the choice of a suitable unit. How to choose the right water heater among this set?

Before choosing a boiler, you need to decide on your needs, and think about what needs the unit will be used for. All devices are divided into several types:

• electric, flow type;
• electric storage type;
• flowing gas;
• storage gas;
• devices of an indirect type.

Electric flow-through units

A distinctive feature of instantaneous electric water heaters is their compactness and ease of installation... it perfect option for country house... Also, such a unit is easy to place in a bathroom, in a kitchen cabinet or under a sink.

The water in this device is heated due to the built-in powerful heating element, located in a small tank through which the liquid passes. When water comes into contact with the heating element, it quickly heats up and goes to the place of consumption. The only drawback of such boilers is that they have great power up to 8 kW and above: not all wiring in the house can withstand such a load. Therefore, for a flow-through unit, it is necessary to pull a separate cable from the electrical panel, and select the wire cross-section taking into account the load in a particular situation.

The disadvantages also include the high consumption of electricity.

Electric storage boilers

This is the most widespread and popular type of apparatus. The choice of such a water heater for an apartment can be considered the best option. The electric storage water heater not only heats the liquid up to required temperature, but also keeps the water hot for a long time, like in a thermos. Heat is retained by thick thermal insulation between the tank and the external tank of the device. The heated water is sufficient for use at several points at the same time. The unit uses a heating element (tubular electric heater). Warm water rises and goes to the consumer through drain pipe, the fence of which is at the top.

For storage devices, there are several recommendations on how to choose the right boiler, based on the design features:

• tank material;
• varieties of heating elements - "wet" and "dry".

Inner tank material

Modern boilers are equipped with an internal tank with glass-ceramic coating. Such a coating protects the tank from corrosion, but is very sensitive to temperature changes, as a result of which microcracks can form. But there are also devices with containers made of of stainless steel , or from it, but covered with a layer of titanium enamel. Since water is constantly in the tank, corrosion of the welds is inevitable over time. To extend the service life of the internal tanks in the units are installed magnesium anodes(metal rods with magnesium spraying). Therefore, before choosing a water heater, pay attention to the material of the tank and its inner lining.

If we consider that the model with stainless steel tanks is guaranteed for 7-10 years, then the choice of such a water heater for an apartment is preferable.

Varieties of heating elements

"Wet" heating element looks like a regular boiler. It consists of copper tube, in which a nichrome spiral is embedded, filled with a dielectric.

During the operation of the heater, as in the case of the boiler, the accumulation of scale is inevitable. And if the water in the line has an increased hardness, then the surface of the tube will very quickly overgrow with plaque, as a result of which heat transfer will be lost. The heating element will start to overheat and eventually burn out. Consequently, in areas where water has high hardness values, it is not recommended to install boilers with open heaters. Therefore, before choosing an electric boiler for an apartment, you should consider chemical composition water. In addition, the exposed parts of the heater enter into galvanic reaction with an internal tank, from which it is subject to electrochemical destruction.

"Dry" heating elements do not have contact with the liquid in the tank. They can be different in design, but they are united by the fact that the heaters are installed in special tubes soldered to the flange, or a protective flask, also mounted on the flange, which is hermetically attached to the bottom of the tank.

As a result, boilers with “dry” heaters have a longer service life when operating with hard water. Although scale collects on the protective covers, it takes more time than open heating elements. That's why preventive maintenance and descaling is required once every 2 years. Also due to reduce electrochemical corrosion, the internal tanks of the devices are in working order longer, provided that the magnesium anode has not developed (it is required to check for preventive maintenance).

Flowing gas

Flow-type gas heaters (gas water heaters) are most often used in the private sector, where there is a gas supply, water supply and a chimney in the house. But before choosing a boiler for your home, in this case a gas one, you should take into account that you will have to contact the gas service for obtaining permission and then to connect the device. It will also be necessary to make a wiring for water.

The liquid in such a device is heated by passing it through a heat exchanger located in the body of the gas column. In turn, the heat exchanger is heated by the combustion gas in the chamber.

Accumulative gas

As an alternative to a gas water heater for a private house, you can purchase a storage gas unit. The only difference between them is that there is a container for liquid in the water heater (storage). The water in the tank is heated in the same way from the combustion of gas. Heating temperature controlled by the thermostat, which turns off the gas supply if the liquid is heated to the desired temperature.

The advantage of such a device over a flow-through one is that heated water is constantly present in the system, and it is not necessary to turn on the column for heating every time, which ensures a more economical gas consumption.

Indirect heating units

Apparatus indirect heating does not have built-in heat sources. The water in the tank is heated from external sources ... The most common source is liquid from heating system, which, passing through the heat exchanger (coil), gives energy to the water in the tank.

Due to the use of external heat carriers, the choice of an indirect heating boiler for the house will be economical option, since gas and electricity are not consumed. But it should be noted that given type devices are expensive. And their volume can reach up to 1000 liters. It is rational to use an indirect heating boiler in big houses(if the number of household members is more than 6 people), institutions, cafes, canteens and restaurants, where a considerable consumption of hot water is expected.

In an indirect way, it is possible to install a heating element, after which it turns into an electric storage device.

Unit power

The time of heating the liquid in the tank to the required parameters depends on what power the heater is used in the apparatus. Before choosing an electric water heater, you should know that they are in the lead in this matter. gas heating devices... They tend to heat water 2 times faster than analogues with heating elements. Not to mention indirect water heaters, in which the liquid heats up even more slowly.

In an electric storage water heater, 2 heating elements of lower power are often built in to increase the speed of operation, or one, but powerful. The total recommended power should be 2 kW. On average, it takes 2 to 4 hours to heat water up to 50 degrees, depending on the volume of the tank. This means that low-power devices should be bought if the demand for hot water is not high.

Water heater tank volume

What kind of water heater, and with what volume to choose for the house? The solution to this issue should be of the highest priority. Many people make the mistake of choosing a large-volume unit when buying, guided by the thought “the more, the better”. But, in fact, you will get unnecessary power consumption, since the device will spend more time heating water than a smaller one. In addition, the dimensions of such a device will occupy more space, and therefore you should be guided by your needs. The figures below show the approximate figures that should be followed to select the volume of the unit. They depend on how many people will use hot water.

Also for a large family of 7-8 people, if it is private house, it would be more rational to choose a water heater (storage) of indirect heating. Among floor models you can choose a unit with the required capacity, capable of providing hot water supply to the entire family. Buying a home appliance for indirect heating can solve the question of which better water heater to choose for a private house? For a better understanding of how much water is consumed per day, you can use the table below.

Water heater shape

Accumulative boilers are cylindrical and square (flat) in shape.

Cylindrical

Most buyers, when choosing a water heater for an apartment, opt for cylindrical models for vertical placement. They have the following advantages:

• the devices are compact and do not take up much space;
• the cylindrical shape has a maximum contact area.

There are also narrow apparatus, in the form of a cylinder, the so-called slim water heaters(from the English "slim" - thin). They differ in diameter (from 38 cm and less) from standard units with a circumference of 45-52 cm. At the same time, in order to increase their capacity, the manufacturer increased their height.

The slim unit is very convenient in small-sized apartments of an old building, in which there are very cramped bathrooms and limited space in the kitchen. This parameter is convincing to choose a small diameter electric water heater for such a home. However, it can handle the same power as the standard one and has the same storage capacity by converting usable space to height.

The disadvantage in slim units is that some manufacturers, in order to increase the volume of the internal tank without increasing the outer diameter, reduce the layer of thermal insulation. Because of this, the liquid in the container cools down faster, and the device is forced to turn on more often.

Flat

Flat models are no different from slims in their parameters. Storage water heater flat shape takes up little space, has a pleasant design, fits well into the interior. Since such devices hide in lockers in the kitchen or in the bathroom, you can easily select the required thickness of the device.

There are also models for horizontal placement... But the cost of such devices is higher than vertical ones. This arrangement allows you to maximize the use of free space, especially if it is limited to a small room.

When choosing a suitable unit for home use, it is important to find a compromise based on rationality so as not to compromise convenience and financial savings.

Today, flow-through models of water heaters are in great demand among buyers. This is primarily due to their compactness. At the same time, in terms of performance, they are not inferior to the accumulative types. It should also be borne in mind that the power consumption of flow-through modifications is very low. There are quite a few manufacturers on the market.

Recently, the range of instantaneous water heaters has been greatly expanding. They differ in their characteristics and management. You should also take into account the rather serious variation in the price of the product. In order to understand how to choose an instantaneous water heater for an apartment, you should familiarize yourself in more detail with the main parameters of the devices. Additionally, you should know the main nodes of the model.

How does a water heater work?

In the lower part of the device there are inlet and outlet pipes. They may differ in their diameter. Filters are located above the pipes. Next, a special anode is installed, above which the heating element is located directly. There is a special gasket under the thermostat. The mounting plate in the device is installed above the control unit.

Hot water is removed via a heat exchanger. The heating element probe is located near the flow sensor. Additionally, the water heater includes a housing, a power supply unit with a switch and thermal insulation sheets.

Important device parameters

First of all, for instantaneous water heaters, the power of the device is taken into account. Additionally, the documentation indicates such a parameter as performance. Power supplies, in turn, have their own characteristics. In this case, it is important to note the limiting voltage and frequency of the instantaneous water heater. The sensors in the device can withstand different pressures.

If we consider two-valve modifications, then the above parameter fluctuates on average around 3 bar. The protection system is most often installed in the IP30 class. This indicates to the buyer that the device's power supply is protected, and the model will not have problems with overheating. Another interesting indicator is considered to be the maximum temperature. Last but not least, the dimensions of the device should be noted.

How to decide on a purchase?

In order to understand how to choose the right instantaneous water heater for an apartment, it is necessary to assess the load that will be exerted on the device. If no more than three people live in the apartment, then the maximum power of the model must be approximately 12 kW. All this will allow the performance parameter to be kept at the level of 3 liters per minute.

The maximum temperature must be at least 50 degrees. Also, the choice of an instantaneous water heater for an apartment should be based on the parameters of the power supply. In the device, it is most often set at 220 V, and its frequency can be in the region of 20-30 Hz. If the house has certain problems with power surges, then it is better to select a 30 Hz model. The protection system should be marked with IP 30. It is better to select the anti-corrosion probes, because they are capable of serving for a long time. Heating elements are most often installed of a shielded type. Recently, however, manufacturers have also begun to produce steatite counterparts. In this case, it is rather difficult to give preference to any modification.

If you choose a budget option then it is better to settle for a shielded heating element. In order for the master to easily connect the device to the water supply system, the inlet and outlet pipes must be 2.3 cm in diameter. A good instantaneous water heater will cost around 5 thousand rubles.

Reviews about the models "Electrolux"

Flowing water heaters (electric) for an apartment of the presented brand are distinguished by rather high-quality protection systems. According to buyers, the models are absolutely not subject to overheating.

Additionally, it should be borne in mind that their productivity is on average at the level of 3 liters per minute. Thus, the models of the presented company suit well for large families, this is confirmed by users.

However, in terms of performance, there are also more modest instantaneous water heaters on the market. Their maximum power is on average 5 kW. They are very compact in size. As for the design, many people say that everything is beautiful here, the lines are smooth. The buyer will cost a good instantaneous water heater in the region of 5 thousand rubles.

Advantages of the "Electrolux 20T" model

This instantaneous water heater for an apartment has good reviews. Many buyers choose it because of its high performance at 4 liters per minute. This model is suitable for a family of five. The heat exchange zone of "Electrolux 20T" is very extensive. If we talk about the power supply, then it can withstand the maximum voltage of 230 V.

Thus, if there are certain overloads in the electrical wiring in the house, this device is able to withstand them. There are only two operating modes in total. If you believe the buyers, then the electricity consumption in this case is equal to 3 W per hour. Many people point out precisely his frugality. The hot water outlet has a diameter of 2.5 cm. The thermal insulation of the device is installed with a thickness of 2.1 mm. The presented instantaneous water heater for the "Electrolux" apartment on the market is worth about 4500 rubles.

This instantaneous water heater for an apartment is unique, and its power is as much as 12 kW. He uses a steatite heating element. Thanks to this, the productivity of the device reaches as much as 4 liters per minute of use. The control of the instantaneous water heater is provided by a button type. There are three modes in total. The maximum user is able to set the temperature to 50 degrees.

The power supply is installed of a fairly high quality, and is absolutely not afraid of overloads. In this case, the parameter of its operating frequency is at the level of 25 Hz. The unit has a thermal switch. The heat transfer zone is quite extensive, and the thickness of its thermal insulation is as much as 1.5 mm. A protective gasket is provided under the thermostat by the manufacturer. Separately, it should also be noted the reduced noise level of this model. This was largely achieved by installing a high-quality casing.

According to buyers, during operation, the instantaneous water heater does not make practically any sounds. There is also no vibration. The installation "Electrolux 35S" is more than simple. The pipes in the lower part are standard, and they are suitable for the water supply system of the house. Fastening to plastic outlets is permitted. This instantaneous water heater costs about 5100 rubles in the store.

Water heater "Electrolux 30S"

If you believe the buyers, then "Electrolux 30S" is the best instantaneous water heater for an apartment from budget models... Its heating element is of a shielded type. Its length is exactly 7 cm. The mounting plate in this case is located above the control unit. Due to this, manufacturers have managed to significantly expand the heat exchange zone. It should also be noted that the performance of the model is quite good.

As users say, it fits well for a family of four. The maximum temperature on the panel can be selected 50 degrees. The power supply is programmed to switch between two modes. This instantaneous water heater for an apartment costs about 4 thousand rubles.

The opinion of consumers about the devices "Termeks"

Many models of the presented brand do not have gaskets under the thermostat. As consumers note, this element can wear out quickly, and this should be taken into account. If we talk about the advantages, then it is important to note the high power of the device. However, the parameter of the operating frequency does not exceed 25 Hz. Mounting plates in instantaneous water heaters are installed the most common, and they can withstand average loads.

The blocks have thermal switches. Also, buyers note fairly high quality regulators. In general, the models of this brand are distinguished by their multifunctionality, and they have quite a lot of modes. Due to this, instantaneous water heaters can be safely called universal. A good model on the market will cost around 6 thousand rubles.

Features of the water heater "Termeks S600"

This instantaneous storage water heater for an apartment is appreciated by many buyers for its versatility. As mentioned earlier, the devices of the presented company have many different modes, and this instance is no exception. The user is able to select a maximum temperature of 50 degrees. The connections in this instantaneous water heater are of a standard size.

However, before purchasing, please be aware that the plastic pipes it is better not to mount the device. This is due to the fact that the clamps are installed quite rigid. In this case, the wear of the plastic outlets will be inevitable. This was noted by many masters involved in the installation of such equipment. If we talk about the advantages, then a reliable protection system also deserves attention. It is installed in this case, type IP 30. Sheets of thermal insulation in the device are used with a thickness of exactly 2 mm. The heating unit for the "Termex S600" model has a copper one. This instantaneous water heater for an apartment costs about 5800 rubles.

New model "Termex W200"

Many buyers appreciate this instantaneous water heater for an apartment for its compactness. The productivity of the device in this case is at the level of 3 liters per minute. All this was made possible by the installation of a shielded heating element. Its total length reaches 7 cm. All fasteners for mounting the model are included in the standard kit. The outlet diameter of the nozzle is 2.7 cm.The thermostat probe is exactly 6 cm long.

The control unit in this case is of a multi-channel type. In total, the device is designed for six different modes. Thus, the performance of "Termex W200" will change. When using the turbo mode, the power consumption is exactly 3 W per hour of operation. The presented compact instantaneous water heaters for the apartment will cost the buyer in the region of 5700 rubles.

Review "Termex S350"

If you believe the experts, then the specified model, among other devices, is distinguished by the presence of a locking valve. Due to this, the ultimate pressure of this instantaneous water heater for an apartment is able to withstand at a level of 3 bar. It is simple in design, but it will look great in the apartment. The "Termeks S350" model weighs exactly 5 kg. Of the features, it should be noted, first of all, a high-quality thermal switch. When the system overheats, it helps quite well.

Additionally, it is important to mention the quality of the control unit. In total, the device can choose from seven different modes. The turbo function is also available, some users find this a significant advantage. The user is also able to operate the presented instantaneous water heater in an economical mode. The nominal capacity of the device is 3 liters per minute. This model is suitable for a large family. Of the shortcomings, only the high cost of the goods can be noted. On the market, they ask for about 6100 rubles.

What do they say about the "Vailant" model?

Many models of this brand are equipped with manual switches. Their filters are of the mesh type. The outlet valve of the heat exchanger is able to withstand the maximum pressure of 4 bar. The casings of the heating elements are quite dense. Due to this, their noise level does not exceed 45 dB. The protection system for instantaneous water heaters is available in the IP30 series. Insulation sheets for models are used with a thickness of at least 2 mm. Protective pads are installed under the thermostats by the manufacturer. If we talk about the shortcomings, then experts mention a rather complex setting of models. This is due to the fact that the control units have quite a lot of functions.

The probes, as a rule, are mounted precisely anti-corrosion ones. If the water used in the house is of poor quality, then this is a great advantage. However, at the price, this element is displayed quite significantly. Heating systems are mainly installed with a length of at least 7.5 cm. The cold water branch pipe has a diameter of exactly 2.3 cm. There are no flow sensors for water heaters of the presented brand. A good model will cost around 5,400 rubles.

Water heater "Vailant VED12"

This flow-through storage water heater for an apartment has mostly positive reviews. According to the buyers, this model has a high-quality manual switch. In this case, the control unit is installed in a multichannel sample. The owner is able to use the economy mode. Electricity consumption of "Vailant VED12" is maximum 2 W per hour.

The performance of the presented instantaneous water heater is at around 3 liters per minute. This model has a mounting plate. According to experts, the Vailant VED12 instantaneous water heater can only be mounted on fittings. It has no flow sensors. Also, among the shortcomings, it should be noted a rather small cold water pipe. Due to this, the user may experience certain problems when installing the device on the wall.

Filters are provided by the manufacturer only of mesh type. They are installed at the instantaneous water heater under the control unit. The owner is able to set the maximum temperature of 55 garus. In this case, the probes are used with a special anti-corrosion coating. There is a flowing water heater presented for an apartment in the region of 5200 rubles.

Model "Vailant VED24"

If you believe the reviews of the owners, then the specified instantaneous water heater is ideal for a small family.

The probe is installed in an anti-corrosion type. In turn, a shielded heating element is used, and its length is 7.2 cm. A protective gasket is installed under the thermostat. Thermal insulation sheets are used with a thickness of 2 mm. The control unit for the presented model is of a multi-channel type.

Due to this, the user is able to select different modes of operation. In this case, the manufacturer provides a button-type setting. This instantaneous water heater costs about 5 thousand rubles.

Hot water is one of the indispensable attributes of a comfortable life. The townspeople are so accustomed to such conditions that the temporary shutdown of the hot water supply becomes a lot of inconvenience. There is also not enough hot water outside the city, at dachas. An electric instantaneous water heater can solve this problem. This device can supply hot water not only on a temporary basis, but also on a permanent basis: you can build a hot water supply system for a private house.

Principle, device and features of work

An electric instantaneous water heater is a small device that heats the water flowing through it. Heating element - heating element (tubular electric heater) or open spiral. Heaters with heating elements are more common - they are safer and it is easier to replace the heating element. In very compact models - tap attachments, etc. - there is simply nowhere to put the heating element, therefore an open spiral is used.

The device turns on when a flow appears (the tap opens), turns off when the flow disappears. The preset temperature is reached in a few seconds, after which it is maintained constantly (with sufficient power of the heating element).

Externally, an ordinary instantaneous electric water heater is a small plastic case connected to cold water and electricity. Has one outlet for hot water. Depending on the purpose, it can supply hot water to one (individual) or several (system) draw-off points.

What parts does an electric instantaneous water heater consist of?

The structure of an instantaneous water heater is simple, there are the following elements:

• Cold water inlet. It is connected to the water supply, usually with a flexible braided hose.
• Flow sensor. Monitors the appearance of water in the device (the tap is open) and turns on the heating element. It also turns off the heating when the flow is lost (the tap was closed).
• Tank with heating element. A small container, inside which there is a heating element, bent in the form of a spiral. It is here that the water is heated.
• Hot water outlet. There is a tube from the water tank through which the heated water is removed.

As you can see, the device is simple. There is also a control panel on the cover, where the conductors from the flow sensor are brought out, and the heating element - so that you can correct the operating mode and monitor the state of the device (indication of switching on).

Types and connections to water supply and electricity

There are two main types of flow-through electric water heaters: pressure and non-pressure. Pressure heads are also called systemic and often have the word Sistem in the name. They plug into the gap water pipe, as a rule, have a high power and can provide two or more draw-off points with hot water.

Non-pressure or individual instantaneous water heaters are connected as usual Appliances- through a flexible hose or by a branch of the water supply pipe. They supply heated water to one point, have relatively low power (3-7 kW) and low cost. They exist in different forms:

If you need to wait out a few weeks of turning off the hot water supply, you can supply an individual gravity electric instantaneous water heater of any kind. If a constant supply of hot water is required, the installation of a pressure head unit will be more rational.

Connecting a pressure water heater to the water supply

Pressure or system electric water heaters are connected to the existing water supply system through a pipe break. They are cut with a tee that installed before the first branch... Shut-off devices are installed at the inlet of cold and hot water. Ball Valves... They turn off the device if there is a centralized hot water supply. These cranes are also needed so that, if necessary, the device can be removed for repair or replacement.

Quality tap water leaves much to be desired and it is better to insert the heater after the filter. If there is no filter at the entrance to the apartment, it is advisable to install it either immediately after the branch to the apartment, or already in front of the water heater.

In a private house, such a unit will work if available pumping station or a self-assembled system with a hydraulic accumulator. It cuts in after all the filters, from the output there is a wiring to consumers.

Unpressurized connection to water

Non-pressure (individual) electric instantaneous water heater standard view connects like a normal household appliance. There must be a branch from the water supply with a tap and a thread at the end. Using a flexible braided hose, the device is connected to the water supply.

Tap nozzles for heating water are a small group. They are mainly screwed onto the thread at the end of the spout (gander). To do this, first unscrew the mesh, which is usually installed there.

Some time ago there were quite a few of them, but they differed in their low efficiency. The nozzle itself has solid dimensions and you cannot attach it to a low crane - it interferes. TO In addition, faucets with electric water heating appeared on the market, which heat water better, have the ability to adjust the temperature and are more convenient to use. They are installed in place of a conventional tap on a sink or sink. The only difference between the installation is the need for an electrical connection.

Electrical connection

Any electric instantaneous water heater is a powerful and requires a separate power line... As an exception, you can connect to the line that goes to the electric stove - the line is suitable according to the parameters. Only in this case, it is necessary to ensure that the stove and the instantaneous water heater do not turn on at the same time, otherwise the machine will work on overload.

The connection of an instantaneous electric water heater is standard - from the shield, a phase from zero is brought into a two-contact RCD (it is obligatory to break both the phase and zero), then the phase is also fed to the machine and only after that it is supplied to the consumer.

The connection itself can be made through a three-pin plug with a socket with a mandatory grounding connection. Alternatively, you can install a contact plate or connect a cable directly to the appropriate inputs on the heater.

Pull the power line copper wire(mono-core):

• up to 7 kW cross-section 3.5 mm;
• from 7 to 12 kW - 4 mm.

The machine is selected according to the maximum current consumption (available in technical characteristics). Take the nearest higher rating (if you take a smaller one, there will be a lot of unnecessary operations - every time you switch to maximum power). The RCD is taken one step higher at nominal, the leakage current is 10 mA.

Read more about the selection of the nominal values ​​of circuit breakers.

Control type

It is possible to adjust the operation of the electric water heater (change the degree of heating) using several regulators located on the control panel. Management can be hydraulic and electronic.

An electric instantaneous water heater with hydraulic control heats the water by a certain number of degrees. It always turns on at maximum power, even if it has several different heating modes. And even if one of the modes was set before turning off, it will turn on again from the maximum.

It also has one more feature - the water heats up by a certain number of degrees. It is necessary to change the degree of heating manually - switching modes after switching on. Moreover, the maximum temperature delta is, most often, 25 ° C. That is, if at the inlet you have water of + 5 ° C, then at the outlet of such a device it simply cannot be warmer than + 30 ° C (with a full flow). This does not mean that the unit has broken down or is not working properly. This means that he simply cannot make it warmer. You can slightly correct the situation by reducing the pressure, then you can achieve a slight increase in temperature, but you will not get full-fledged hot water in such conditions from such a unit.

Electronically controlled units usually have more power and a noticeably higher price. This is due to the fact that heating elements with multi-stage power control are installed in them, and they are more expensive. In addition, the "stuffing" of such a device is more complicated - there are several sensors, in addition, it also contains a microprocessor that processes data and regulates the operation of heaters. If the unit is chosen correctly in terms of power, it will be able to maintain the set temperature (usually up to 40 ° C) with a deviation of one degree.

Selecting an electric instantaneous water heater by power

Whichever type of electric water heater you choose, you need to choose the right power. That's right, in this case, it is so that it meets your expectations. The easiest way is to focus on the number of taps that will require simultaneous supply of hot water:

Not all power grids can withstand such capacities. Often, the total allocated power for a house or apartment is much less. In this case, it is worth considering the possibility of installing less powerful individual instantaneous water heaters or. Great option-, but it is for those who have the ability to connect to the gas main.

Selection by water consumption (performance)

You can choose an electric instantaneous water heater according to the required flow rate. There are hot water consumption rates for different consumers. By adding the required flow rate for your case, you will get the desired figure. So, the average consumption:

When choosing, you must match both the power value and the flow rate. In this case, water at all flow points, which can operate simultaneously, will be supplied at the set temperature. If not, you will have to make sure that only one tap is open at a time.

What the market has to offer

The choice of electric instantaneous water heaters is at least large ... You can easily get confused. What should you look out for besides power and performance? On the material from which the tank and heating element are made. The tank can be copper, stainless steel and plastic. This information is not provided by all manufacturers, but if it is not available, most likely the filling is made of plastic. It is, of course, heat-resistant, but not as reliable as metals.

Also pay attention to the minimum and maximum cold water pressure at which the unit can operate. There are capricious models that require a gearbox to be installed on our networks.

Separately, it is worth talking about taps with electric water heating. They are also called a water heater faucet. They appeared not so long ago, but they are quickly gaining popularity, as they are convenient to use, they just connect.

Many city dwellers know firsthand perennial problem seasonal shutdown of hot water supply. And it's good if the temporary discomfort lasts only a couple of weeks. It happens that this period is calculated in months. For suburban estates, you will have to take care of water heating on your own all season or even a year. In such situations, one of the optimal solutions- use of electric water heaters. The best instantaneous electric water heaters are in our today's rating.

Criteria for choosing an instantaneous electric water heater

The list of relevant parameters is not very long, but each of them is of no small importance. Competent selection of characteristics is the key to the efficiency of the water heater, its reliability and makes the operation truly comfortable.

Device type

There are two main types of flow models:

• Free-flow... Simple and compact devices designed with only one point. They are convenient to use with low or unstable pressure in the water supply system. Best and inexpensive option a water heater for a summer residence or as a temporary source of heating when hot water is turned off in summer;
• Pressure... Often they are also called systemic. They are connected to the water supply, work under pressure and can be used to service one or more water points.

Power

The heating capacity of the device and its performance directly depend on this parameter. The optimal value can be determined by the formula:

P = Q x (T1-T2) x 0.073.

Q is the volume of water passed through in l / min, and T1 and T2 are the inlet and outlet temperatures, respectively.

There is also a simpler method: to get water heated to about 35 ° C, you need to multiply its planned consumption per minute by 2.

Heating control system type

There are few options:

• Hydraulic... The temperature is regulated by the water pressure;
• Electronic... The required parameters are set on the display and controlled by the control unit by adjusting the power when the pressure changes.

Equipment

The characteristic is more relevant for inexpensive gravity water heaters. Nozzle options: tap only, hose with shower head, tap + shower. Models up to 3.5 kW are equipped with an electrical cord with a grounding plug. For more powerful versions, the cable is usually not included in the kit.