So your roll roof is leaking! It needs to be renovated.
Roof repair is a pretty loose concept. There are several ways to repair a soft roll roof.
Rough, repair soft roof can be divided into 2 types: current repair of the roof and overhaul roofs. But these 2 types of repairs involve several methods. Let's dwell on each of them in more detail.

Maintenance soft roll roofing.

Current repair of a soft roof in our understanding is any roof repair that is not associated with the dismantling of an old roofing carpet.

Repair of soft roofs with roll carpets

Polyurethane bulk roof

What is a self-leveling roof? It is a synthetic polyurethane liquid rubber that polymerizes (hardens) from air moisture and turns into ordinary rubber. It is applied to the roof with special devices and after that the roof turns into a continuous rubber carpet, without seams, in fact a pool.
The elasticity of the roofing is whiter than 442%. Those. this coating completely absorbs any movement of the building from temperature extremes, precipitation and ground movement during freezing and thawing of groundwater.
Another plus. Polyurethane is a unique synthetic polymer material, it does not rot, does not promote the growth of fungi and microorganisms, as it is synthetic, fungi cannot grow on it, trees that destroy screed residues with roots.
Working temperature -50 to +120. It is very easy to check the change in the operating temperature of bituminous roll carpets and even bituminous mastics - just put the sample in the refrigerator for 5 minutes. Even + 5C will dramatically change the elasticity of the material, in fact, reducing it hundreds of times !! I'm not saying that bituminous cold mastics that imitate a bulk roof are diluted huge amount solvent (up to 70%), which leads to an increase in the cost of materials, since according to the norm, the thickness of the polymer carpet (dry residue) should be at least 1.5 mm, and the solvent will evaporate. Thus, if you use cheap bituminous polymers, you need to apply about 5 kg of polymer to the roof. Which negates all the benefits of their cheap cost. I'm not talking about the increase in labor costs, because polymers can be applied in thin layers.
Polyurethane mastic is one-component and has a solvent of 2-5%, after polymerization it has no odors, which is especially important when you are near the roof of windows, air intake shafts. Polyurethane has no shrinkage, which once again confirms its quality and distinguishes it from cheap roofing mastics.
Another plus - a polyurethane self-leveling carpet has a weight of 1.5-2kg per m2 in 3 layers. That is much less than any roofing roll materials.
-All work is done without fire. There may be exceptions to the selective repair of the bubble roof of an old roll carpet, but these jobs are few and far between.
A separate plus is a huge adhesion with bituminous coatings and roofing carpets, which allows the application of roofing mastic to be carried out on old roll carpets without dismantling.
- A huge plus of the work of a self-leveling roof is the availability of work in hard-to-reach places, under ventilation and an easy opportunity to qualitatively process all the junctions. It is in these places that the highest qualifications of a roofer with rolled carpets are required, while our qualifications are usual. All the same, it is good when high-quality material and it is quite easy to work with it - this significantly reduces the number of failures in work.
Water absorption is significantly lower than that of roll materials - approximately 1.1% for 24 hours in water.
Separately, I would like to say that only at our enterprise, before going to work, each employee is trained to work on devices for applying roofing, eliminating bubbles, sealing joints and applying the coating itself. It is this training that raises the knowledge and responsibility of employees in the performance of work. It is this responsibility, the culture of production, in which the property of the customer does not deteriorate, the adjacent territory does not get dirty, that most customers note in their gratitude for the work of our company.

The need for roof insulation

If the roof is pitched, especially if the leaks of this flat roof, huge icicles may appear during even sub-zero temperatures... This suggests that the mineral wool (insulation) is completely out of order and the dew point is above the insulation and even the roofing carpet. In this case warm air from indoor spaces rises to the roof and melts the snow, freezing a little later, ice rims are formed, which do not allow water to leave the roof in time, which leads to additional filling of all inner layers with water and additional destruction of the insulation under the screed.
If large icicles are being formed, you cannot avoid roof insulation. You can insulate the roof with both extruded polystyrene (synthetic dense material that does not decay and is very durable), and with mineral wool, which has a fire certificate. Warming can take place with the dismantling of the screed, or over the screed. It should be borne in mind that the screed, according to modern standards, should fully contribute to the free outflow of water, therefore it fits with a slope of 3 cm per m / n (1.5% -3% according to SNiP standards). However, if the roof is made of roll materials with top layer for materials with coarse-grained dressing, the slope can be increased up to 10-25%. SNiP II-26-76
In the thinnest place, it should be at least 3 cm. If the roof has a width of 15m and the funnel is in the middle, then for every 7 meters there is a slope of 21cm, that is, on average, the thickness of the roof will be 12cm. i.e. the weight of the screed will be approximately 8m2 = 1m3. Weight of 1m3 of concrete = 2.2 tons. Those. an area of ​​1000m2 can reach 275 tons. And this consumption will approach the GOST standards. And now we do not take into account the weight of the insulation, ceilings and roofing carpet. But due to the high consumption of materials (weight), on our roofs very often they make a marriage with a small slope, which leads to a serious difficulty in leaving water. I would also like to note that it is precisely because of this weight that it is advisable to use lightweight filler and foam concrete, as well as raise the slope with the help of insulation. This will significantly reduce the weight of the concrete on the screed.
I met designers who thoughtlessly allowed to make a screed over the old one, but after my insistence to carry out calculations (which is above), they also demanded dismantling old screed... However, what if the building is not under construction, but is already in operation? We recommend using extruded ( synthetic insulation) and lay a durable membrane on top. According to the standards of GOST and SNiP (Building Norms and Regulations), mineral insulation serves effectively only 10 years under a screed, and even this I do not think for long, therefore I recommend synthetic insulation - extruded styrene foam (penoplex or teplex (made in Nizhny Novgorod)). The service life of this insulation is virtually unlimited, since it does not rot and does not fill with water (does not absorb). Even less efficient operation mineral insulation- if the insulation is put on top of the screed.

CONCLUSION:

As you have noticed, the replacement of the insulation is a serious test for the entire building, therefore it is necessary to extend its life by repairing the roofs and not allowing chronic leaks to reduce the service life of the insulation. I'm not saying that the formation of large icicles can also lead to criminal cases, as they regularly fall and injure passers-by.
The strength and durability of your building directly depends on the condition of the roof and load-bearing structures... Always carry out these works with a margin of safety and durability, do not wait until the last, this will significantly save both money and time, and there will be no damaged property.

Working with a reliable partner, quality materials will save you energy, time, money.

Our company operates completely legally. This will create additional security for you due to changes in VAT legislation. All employees are Russians and work legally.

Call us for further advice 8-925-740-8188

The best manager of Moscow in the "Construction" nomination for 2001
Honored Entrepreneur of Russia
Manager of LLC VYSOTREMSTROY VAYS Krotova Elena Vladimirovna

A soft roof is fast, inexpensive and convenient, so many owners of private houses prefer to install it. However, in terms of durability, such a coating loses significantly alternative options, and after a few years the first signs of destruction can already be noticed. Unfortunately, in most cases, it is necessary to make major repairs to the soft roof, because the patches are rather weak to save from leaks. We will tell you how to repair the roof with your own hands and choose the right materials for this in today's article.

Often, the soft roof has to be completely rebuilt, since the patches are very unreliable and short-lived. They are only a temporary measure - a respite before the inevitable major overhaul. But even if you found only minor damage, but the insulation under the coating has already managed to get very wet, the patch will not solve the problem - the roof needs to be repaired.

You should start work with an assessment of the condition roofing, calculating all defects and damages. Based on this, we can conclude - to put patches or completely change the coating. Current repairs, that is, local repairs with the installation of patches, can be done if the roof surface is damaged by no more than 40%. In other cases, it is necessary to resort to capital measures.

Helpful advice: To extend the life of a soft roof, it is recommended to check its condition every 1-2 years and eliminate defects by local repair. If the bulges and cracks are eliminated in time, the overhaul can be postponed for several years.

Serious defects, indicating that it is time to renovate the roof, include the following:

• peeling of roofing material;
• deep and large cracks in which water stagnates;
• strong and numerous swelling (this indicates that there is moisture inside the "bubbles");
• oxidation of materials;
• the appearance of thickets of moss, fungus.

But even a major overhaul of the roof is not so terrible as inexperienced owners imagine it, especially when it comes to a small country house or garage. If you know some of the nuances and choose the right one expendable materials, you can get the job done in just a day and with only one assistant. The first thing to remember is that you can repair the roof in the warm season and in dry weather. In winter, bitumen-based roll materials will become too hard and unyielding, and the quality of their installation and protective performance will be very poor.

Since the overhaul involves the complete dismantling of the old roofing covering, it would be unwise not to assess the condition of all layers of the roofing pie. This is the minimum set of works. If, during the inspection, it was found that the insulation inside is damp, rotted or severely frozen, it will also have to be changed. Attention should also be paid to eaves, water intake funnels, parapets and devices for drying insulation.

You shouldn't expect that this kind of work can be done alone. If you wish, of course, you can, but oh good quality then there is no need to speak. Laying a soft roof provides for its warming up gas burner with subsequent pressing to the surface, so it is better to divide the work into two. Meticulous lovers of following the instructions should immediately know that the overhaul of the roof according to SNiP looks very complicated, tricky and confusing, so it will not be difficult for a beginner to completely despair and think that only professionals can handle such work. In fact, the situation is much simpler. SNiP requirements were developed back in Soviet times, and since then many new laying technologies and building materials have been invented that are easy and simple to work with. Therefore, in this particular case, you can look at SNiP with only one eye and not reproach yourself for incomplete compliance with the instructions.

Repair materials

Modern construction market abounds in materials intended for the repair of soft roofs. We'll take a look at the most popular ones. The first thing that the sales consultant will offer you is fiberglass. It is roofing and waterproofing material in one person, made on a bitumen-polymer basis. It is quite elastic, so it easily fits on any relatively flat surface. Among other things, fiberglass provides additional thermal insulation and differs long term service up to 20 years.

Fiberglass should not be confused with technoelast, although this is not difficult to do. Technoelast is based on a fiberglass or polyester film coated on both sides with a bitumen-polymer material, making it more durable, bio-resistant, weather-resistant and durable. Technoelast has a shale dressing on top that protects its inner layers from the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation. From the inside, there is polymer protection, which makes technoelast a reliable waterproofing agent capable of protecting not only the roof from moisture, but even foundations, underground tunnels and others. building structures... Uniflex and linocrome can be put in one line with technoelast.

If we are not talking about a residential building, but, say, about a garage or a shed, then bitumen mastic can replace roll materials. It is heated, applied in an even layer on the prepared surface of the roof, after which the mass solidifies, forming a monolithic coating. But basically, mastic is used not as an independent roofing material, but as an adhesive binder for rolls. However, in this case, it is necessary to clarify whether the purchased material is compatible with it.

In addition to the coating itself, you will need tools for laying it. In the case of weldable materials, special attention should be paid to the choice of the torch. Prepare a shovel and broom, gloves, protective clothing for cleaning debris.

Overhaul estimate

Every owner is not alien to the desire to save money without sacrificing the quality of work. Budgeting for the overhaul of the roof will save you from extra costs and will allow you to clearly plan actions. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that it is necessary to start drawing up an estimate only after dismantling the old roofing, because it is impossible to guess whether you will have to change the insulation or fill in another screed?

Budgeting steps:

1. After removing the old roof covering, measure the area of ​​the roof including all protruding structures, including dormer windows and ventilation pipes. Add 15% to the resulting value in reserve and in case of future repairs.
2. If it turns out that in some places you need to do concrete screed, determine the amount of cement, sand and gravel required for this. Choose a cement grade of at least M400. Unfortunately, the quantity in this case can be determined only approximately, but cement is useful in the household not only for the roof, and it is inexpensive, so do not be afraid to round up.
3. Determine what material you will cover the roof with and monitor the market - see which suppliers offer the lowest price and if they have any discounts / free shipping.
4. If free shipping the store does not provide, add its cost to the estimate.
5. Find out what tools you don't have for working with roofing material and how much it will cost to buy them. In the case of a gas burner, it is better to use a rental service than to buy a rather expensive apparatus.
6. If you work with large areas, then there will be quite a lot of construction waste, so you need to take into account the cost of its removal.

After drawing up the estimate, it will be clear whether it is necessary to take on such work on your own or you can pay a little extra and entrust the repair of the roof to a brigade of hired workers.

Repair stages

Any repair should begin with surface preparation. In the case of a soft roof, this means dismantling the old coating and thorough stripping... It is not strictly forbidden to glue new material on top of the old one, but it is completely irrational. In this case, you risk in as soon as possible spoil not only fresh coating, but also aggravate the condition of the damaged layers of the roofing cake - the insulation can begin to rot, which will be transferred to the wooden elements rafter system etc. Therefore, in order not to shell out for a complete replacement of the roof in the future, it is better to devote several hours to dismantling the damaged coating.

Soft roof overhaul technology:

By and large, this is all you need to know about a soft roof overhaul. Estimate, choice the right materials and simple instruction on their installation - three important components of the work. If you did everything according to the instructions, you can forget about leaks and similar troubles for a long time, but you should not completely throw it out of your head - check the condition of the coating once a year.

Finally - an interesting video about a new and practically waste-free technology for overhaul of a soft roof, which allows you to save on the purchase of new roll materials:

Soft roof is one of the popular types of roof covering. It is successfully used both in the construction of private houses, outbuildings, and for multi-storey buildings... Materials of this group are made on the basis of bitumen and fiberglass. They have such advantages as: ease of installation, increased noise, hydro and thermal insulation properties... Moreover, even for repair special costs not required. And all the work can be done independently.

Roof repair documentation

When conducting renovation works on a soft roof, they are guided by the following documents:

• estimate (work production document). It takes into account all planned repairs on a given roof. For example, dismantling the roof, preparing the base, installing new material and sealing joints, creating a waterproofing layer. The estimate includes the cost of consumables and combustible materials, as well as the cost of their delivery. This document will help to estimate the budget for future repairs and make a decision on whether to carry it out on its own or to provide an opportunity for specialists to do it;
• SNiP (building codes and regulations). During the repair, it is important to follow the requirements that are set out in the SNiP document "Repair of soft roofs" under number 11-26-76. It contains all the necessary materials for waterproofing, types of mastic, roofing materials and requirements for the procedure for performing work;
• PPR (work production project). This document is important if roof repairs are being carried out. apartment building... It indicates the rationale for the repair work, the results of the inspection of the roof, its characteristics, methods of organization and methods of production of roofing works.

Types of damage and types of repair

The soft roof needs periodic inspection. He will help in time to identify all violations of the integrity of the roofing and timely carry out the restoration work. Frequent problems soft roofs are:

• bloating;

  Swelling of a soft roof may appear as a result of a violation of the technology of laying materials

• decay, the appearance of fungus and moss as a result of the formation of cracks with accumulated water;

  
  Moss on a soft roof appears as a result of a violation of the laying technology

• stratification of material at the joints of the canvases;

  
  The delamination of the roofing material can be repaired by gluing the ends and reinforcing the seam with a patch.

• mechanical damage - appear due to possible contact of the roof with antennas, branches;

  
  The soft roof can crumble after the end of its service life or when unfavorable conditions use

• dark spots;

  
  Bituminous shingles can change color over time and even delaminate.

• curved edges of bituminous shingles tiles.

A preventive examination should be carried out at least twice a year. At the same time, it is recommended to regularly clean the roof from branches, debris and snow. These measures will increase the service life and minimize repair costs.

Depending on the type of damage, there are three types of soft roof repair work:

Video: local repair of a bituminous tile roof

Maintenance

Current repairs are carried out when minor defects of the soft roof are found. The solution to a problem depends on its type. For example, the following repair options are used for rolled roofing:

The damaged area of ​​the bituminous shingles can also be replaced. To do this, carefully lift all damaged plates, as well as those adjacent to them, with a trowel, in order to pull out the defective ones. Remove nails with a nailer. Lay new pieces of roofing material, fastening with nails, and additionally process the joints silicone sealant.

For local repair of bituminous tiles, only damaged tiles need to be replaced

Video: partial repair of a soft garage roof

Major overhaul

Overhaul of a soft roof is carried out in the following sequence:

Video: step-by-step implementation of overhaul of the welded roof

Emergency repair

Emergency roof repair implies the urgent restoration of the damaged part of the coating. For example, creating a large patch in the place of damage to materials.

This measure can prevent the formation of leaks, but is effective only if the area of ​​the damaged area does not exceed 20% of the total roof area.

To install patches you need:

You can also patch roofs made of bituminous tiles. The repair method is the same, only a special solution or silicone sealant is used for gluing.

This repair method is only effective if a visible defect is the cause of the leak.

Video: replacing damaged areas on a bituminous tile roof

Necessary materials

For the repair of soft roofs are used different materials... The choice depends on which layer of the roofing cake is supposed to be repaired:

• for the top layer - "Uniflex", "Linokrom", "Isoplast". Their service life is more than 10 years;
• for the bottom layer - "Beriplast", "Stekloelast", "Technoelast". They are characterized by increased elasticity and the ability to create additional thermal insulation.

The materials of the upper layer of the roof must contain mineral dressing, which serves to protect against solar radiation... The thickness of such a canvas should be chosen in the range from 4.5 to 5 mm. And for the lower layer, the rolled roofing material can be thinner.

Cold styling mastic

Most often, a mastic is used that is suitable for laying roofing material without heating. It is used to repair the inner layers of the roofing cake. You need to choose only that mastic, which includes bitumen and a mixture of a pulverized type, for example, gypsum or lime.

Mastic can be prepared independently, having the necessary components

If you wish, you can make the mastic yourself.

This will require mixing one portion of the filler and two portions of bitumen and gasoline. But you need to combine the components after the bitumen heats up to 180 o C and the water completely evaporates from it. The resulting mixture must be cooled before repairing.

The method of using such mastic is as follows:

Video: urgent roof repair with liquid mastic

Liquid rubber

Sometimes liquid rubber is used to repair a soft roof. It is capable of creating a seamless finish, which virtually eliminates the penetration of water into roofing cake... Liquid rubber is used for sealing small cracks and cracks and for major repairs.

It is more convenient to apply liquid rubber from a spray bottle

Its peculiarity is that the material can be applied in two ways:

• by spraying from a spray gun - this method is relevant when repairing large roofs;
• roller or brush - it takes a longer time, therefore it is only suitable for local repairs or small buildings.

If you have no experience with special equipment then for self repair roofs are better to choose the second method.

Liquid rubber is applied in several layers. Moreover, each subsequent layer can be applied only after the previous one is completely dry. This is usually done at intervals of 7-10 minutes.

The application technology itself is as follows:

Video: spraying liquid rubber on roofing material

Rolled waterproofing is usually used for overhaul of soft roofs. This requires a complete dismantling of the old coating.

Gidroizol is an inexpensive roll-up waterproofing material on a glass base, made with double-sided application of bitumen and sprinkles

This weld material has the following structure:

• base (fiberglass or fiberglass);
• modified bituminous coating on both sides of the base;
• shale powder as a protective layer.

The waterproofing layer is laid in two layers. It is used both cold and hot way installation. The deposition technology is as follows:

Remember that excessive heat will damage the material or cause a fire. Hydroizol is also available in the form cold mastic.

Hydroisol in the form of a mastic consists of polymer bitumen and is used as a protective roofing layer

Video: how to properly weld roll roofing material

Repair equipment

Before starting work, not only the material is prepared, but also necessary equipment... You will need:

If an emergency repair is performed in winter time, you will need a shovel to remove snow from the roof.

Repair work is carried out in special work clothes: gloves, boots, pants made of thick fabric, goggles.

Before working on the restoration of a soft roof, it is important to consider how badly the coating is damaged. Based on the inspection data, it is easy to make a decision about the upcoming work. And then already determine: what materials to use, how voluminous the repair will turn out (whether it will require replacing the entire roofing covering or only the restoration of some layers of the roofing cake).

It is necessary to repair the soft roof when the first defects are found. IN otherwise flowing water will destroy the insulation, render the hydro and vapor barrier unusable, and you will have to spend more effort and money on restoration.

The final cost of the restoration works depends on the type of soft roof. It is known that it is several times cheaper to tidy up a roll coating than to restore it. bituminous shingles.



The price of all activities also depends on the chosen repair option:

1. Cosmetic restoration includes the elimination of minor defects - divergence of seams, holes, dents and bulges.
2. Major work consists of a complete replacement existing material for brand new components.
3. An emergency repair is carried out when it is impossible to eliminate the damage qualitatively due to weather or other conditions. The main thing here is to fix the problem, not preserve the appearance.

The appropriate type of action to be taken is determined by examining the structure from the inside and from the outside. This will identify the most problematic areas and focus on them.

Cosmetic work

Cosmetic repair allows you to return a beautiful appearance roof and repair the leak at the same time. They resort to it in cases where the water has not spoiled the "roofing pie".


Defects are usually eliminated in two ways, depending on their type:

• cracks and holes are repaired by applying patches and then applying mastic or bitumen;
• the dispersed joints are again glued with roofing glue from both sides - from above and from below.

It is more difficult to repair a soft roof with swelling. The reason for this phenomenon is the penetration of moisture into the insulation. To eliminate the defect, the heat is replaced and a new layer of waterproofing is installed. Air ducts are also constructed to circulate air and remove moisture.

Capital restoration

Major repairs are required in case of extensive damage to the roofing, when it makes no sense to partially fill the holes. Measures are also taken due to the aging of the material.



In this case, the work consists of several stages:

1. Dismantling old system- removal of not only the roof, but also the "pie".
2. Drying of all structural elements, processing of wooden elements with antiseptics.
3. Laying a vapor-permeable membrane, insulation and waterproofing.
4. Installation of roofing.

Major repairs may also be needed with extensive swelling. In this case, in technological process installation work is included ventilation ducts with the installation of aerators, gaps are left for air circulation.


Here are the main aspects of soft roof roof repair. The number of activities and the complexity of the work depends on the type of truss, surface area. And if you want to save money and carry out high-quality restoration, then contact a professional company.

Price for repair of a soft roof

Types of jobs	Units	Prices:
Complete disassembly of the existing roof ( waterproofing coating, screeds, insulation) with garbage disposal	m2	RUB 250
Installation of a two-layer roofing carpet with a welded roll material on a vertical surface	m2	RUB 350
Thermal insulation device made of plates with a thickness of 150 mm	m2	RUB 200
Installation of cement-sand screed up to 50 mm thick	m2	RUB 300
Arrangement of reinforced cement-sand screed up to 50 mm thick	m2	RUB 350
Priming the base with a primer	m2	RUB 100
Climbing device made of expanded clay with an average thickness of 100 mm	m2	RUB 200
Single-layer weld-on vapor barrier device	m2	RUB 150
Dry vapor barrier device	m2	RUB 80
Installation of drainage funnels	m2	2000 RUB
Installation of roofing aerators, deflectors	m2	RUB 2500
Dry galvanized steel covering for parapet widths up to 500 mm	m2	RUB 300
Installation of an apron made of galvanized steel at the abutments of the roofing carpet to vertical surfaces	m	RUB 30

Due to its low cost and ease of installation, a soft roof remains quite popular today. However, it has to be repaired more often than others. Let's figure out how the repair takes place and what materials are used in this case.

When repairs are needed

The most obvious and undeniable evidence that the time has come to repair the roof is the appearance of water on the walls and ceiling. But this is already an extreme case, which can be accompanied by a number of unpleasant events, including a short circuit in the power grid. It is clear that it is better not to bring the roof to such a state, and for this it must be inspected twice a year. If this is not possible, you can reduce the frequency of inspections to once a year, but not less often. The following signs should cause concern:

It is extremely important to timely clean the soft roof from branches, other heavy debris, materials left after construction or repair work. All this, under the influence of its own weight, over time begins to "sink" in the roofing, deforming it and violating its integrity.

Particular attention should be paid to the places where the roof adjoins the skylights, roof windows chimneys and ventilation pipes passing through it.

If the roof has already leaked, you should not immediately take on the repair of the area directly above the leak: the roof must be carefully inspected, since the defect can be located at a distance of up to several meters from the place where water appeared on the ceiling.

Types of soft roof repair

The works on restoration of the roofing "pie" are divided into the following types:

1. Emergency repair. It is carried out unscheduled on an emergency basis, when the defects present can obviously soon lead or have already led to leaks. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it concerns only the top coat, the damaged fragment of which is replaced with a new one or, more often, covered with a patch. Typically, the area of ​​the reconstructed site does not exceed 20% of the entire roof area.
2. Maintenance. Consists in the elimination of potentially dangerous defects identified during a routine inspection. Usually, the matter is also limited to the manipulation of the top coat, which is either patched or partially replaced. The area to be repaired rarely exceeds 40% of the roof area. Routine repairs are recommended to be carried out annually, since the elimination of defects at an early stage in the case of a soft roof can significantly save money.
3. Major overhaul. It is performed when the proportion of problem areas on the roof surface exceeds 40%. The work covers the entire roofing "pie" as a whole, including the restoration of the vapor barrier. The top coat is mostly replaced with a new one.

Overhaul is a rather costly undertaking, which may well surpass the cost of installing a new roof (the difference in price is due to dismantling and garbage disposal).

Preparing for the repair of a soft roof

During the repair of the roof, the building becomes vulnerable to precipitation, so it is extremely important to prepare so that the work is completed quickly and, as they say, without a hitch. At this stage, you should attend to the solution of a number of issues.

Budgeting

If you have a detailed estimate during the repair process, you will not have to waste time on additional purchases of something extremely necessary that was overlooked. Making up this document, you should think about everything very carefully, so that it provides for absolutely all types of work and materials, up to the most insignificant. Along the way, the estimate will allow you to objectively assess the upcoming costs and compare them with real financial capabilities.

If a decision is made to entrust the repair of the roof to a third-party organization, then in order to draw up an estimate, it will need to provide the following information:

• a roof plan with dimensions, which indicates all pipes, shafts, parapets on the roof (thickness and height must be indicated), cornice overhangs (it is necessary to show the abutment zones);
• description or photographic images of defects;
• desired list of works;
• the name of the material that is decided to be used as a roof covering.

Selection and purchase of materials

Nowadays, you can buy any material and in any quantity without any problems. But the master should take into account that in the development of roofing, as in all other spheres of human life, there is a rapid development, and in order to spend money wisely, this issue should be more or less understood. Let's start with the fact that the roofing material familiar to everyone with a cardboard frame has long been recognized as obsolete. It was bypassed by analogs with a foil base - folgoizol and metalloizol.

Folgoizol is a multilayer material

But even these materials are far from ideal: bitumen in pure form poorly tolerates frosts and temperature changes, "is not on friendly terms" with ultraviolet radiation. The mastics used for gluing bitumen roll materials are also short-lived: the sun's rays quickly make them brittle. As a result, the only advantage of such coatings is low cost- is completely crossed out by the cost of major repairs, which have to be carried out every 5-7 years.

Those wishing to have a roof with a longer service life should pay attention to modern materials.

Bitumen-polymer roll coatings

Thanks to polymer additives, the volume fraction of which varies up to 12%, bitumen becomes more plastic and does not crack much longer: its service life is 15–20 years. Fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester film is used as a frame. This group of materials includes:

Materials with additives of thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, crumb rubber and elastomers, which are considered to be very promising, should be distinguished into a separate subgroup. These include:

• dnepromast;
• filisole;
• thermoflex;
• dneproflex;
• loves;
• elabite;
• glass mat T;
• atacton;
• mastoplast;
• isoplast;
• bikroelast;
• bikroplast, etc.

Bitumen-polymer materials, due to their durability, reduce the cost of maintaining a soft roof by 2 times. At the same time, they inherited some disadvantages from bituminous materials:

• the coating must be laid in several layers (3-5);
• protective powder from stone chips is required;
• in hot weather, the coating softens greatly and with a roof slope of more than 25 degrees, it can slip.

Roll materials from petroleum resins or rubber

The most progressive option has the following advantages:

• laying is done in one layer (the second name is single-layer membranes);
• it does not soften in the heat, therefore it can fit on roofs with any slope;
• the roll width can be up to 15 m, so that the coating has very few seams;
• can be installed in winter;
• the material is elastic and very durable;
• resistant to frost and ultraviolet radiation, does not oxidize;
• has been serving for over 25 years.

The material can be glued with a special glue or bitumen (some brands are produced in a self-adhesive version), fixed with threaded fasteners, or simply sprinkled with a layer of rubble.

For the manufacture of the roofing membrane, ethylene-propylene rubber and polypropylene are used (approximately 30% of the total composition)

Due to a single-layer installation and a significant service life of the membrane, the cost of installing and maintaining the roof is reduced by 4 times in comparison with bitumen.

Rubber and polymer membranes are successfully produced in Russia. As an example, we can cite the materials "Kromel" (JSC "Kirovskiy Kombinat artificial leather") And" Rukril "(JSC" Chemical Plant "in the city of Rezha near Yekaterinburg), as well as the products of JSC" Nizhnekamskneftekhim ".

Liquid materials (mastics)

In this case, we are not talking about adhesive mastics, but about bitumen-polymer and polymer compositions, with the help of which bulk roofs are made. In everyday life they are often called “ liquid rubber". The base material is mixed with a hardener and applied as such onto a flat surface. After a while, the liquid turns into a durable, elastic, rubber-like coating that does not have a single seam.

The ultimate elongation of the material is 1000%, so it retains its integrity even when the roof is deformed.

Liquid rubber is based on bitumen, and the material can be applied with a brush, which makes it convenient to use

Mastics are resistant to weather factors, including low temperatures and UV radiation, and their service life depends on the composition:

• bituminous rubber - 15 years (for example, "Venta-U", "Gekopren", "Elamast");
• bitumen-latex - 20 years ("Blam-20", etc.);
• butyl rubber and chlorosulfopolyethylene - 25 years ("Polikrov-L", "Polikrov M-120", "Polikrov M-140", etc.)

Liquid roofing materials tolerate deformation, temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation well

An important advantage of self-leveling roofing coatings is their low weight - from 2 to 10 kg / m 2.

If the installation is carried out on a roof with a steep slope and at temperatures above +25 0 С, cement or another thickener must be added to the mastic.

Mastics are safe for health, as they do not emit harmful volatile substances. For application, the method of cold spraying is used, which excludes the possibility of fire.

Instrument preparation

The soft roof cannot be repaired with bare hands, so you need to arm yourself with the following tools:

You must wear protective goggles when working with a gas burner.

Soft roof repair technology

The method of roof restoration depends on which defects have been identified.

Bonding a peeled panel

The operation is carried out in stages:

1. The detached fragment is lifted. The base or roll material underneath is cleaned of debris and thoroughly dried with a construction hairdryer.
2. The base is coated bituminous mastic and the peeled cloth is glued.
3. From above, the repaired seam is also coated with mastic.

You can make bituminous mastic yourself. It is used in two forms:

• cold: for repairing inner layers;
• hot: as a top coat.

To prepare cold mastic, you will need the following ingredients in a 1: 2: 2 ratio, respectively:

• pulverized filler (lime, gypsum, ash);
• bitumen;
• petrol.

First of all, you need to heat up the bitumen to 180 º С and hold it so until all the water contained in it evaporates. After that, the components are mixed, the mastic is cooled and used for its intended purpose.

A small amount of bitumen mastic can be prepared by yourself

Gasoline cannot be poured into heated bitumen, just the opposite - bitumen into gasoline.

To prepare hot mastic, bitumen is heated in a boiler to 200 º C and boiled, gradually adding the filler. Stirring can be done with a stick. It is important that the temperature of the bitumen during mixing does not fall below 160 º C, otherwise the quality of the material will be extremely low.

The mastic must be applied immediately after preparation, it cannot be stored.

The patch is installed in the following order:

1. The damaged area is cut with an ax. If the defect looks like a bubble, it must be cut crosswise and dried by bending the resulting "petals". After drying, they are returned to their place, gluing with bitumen or nailing.
2. Further, all debris is removed from the coating area adjacent to the defect, after which it is cleaned of dirt and dust.
3. The defect, together with the area adjacent to it, is filled with bituminous mastic or sealant.
4. A piece of roll material is glued on top, which should cover the damaged area with a good margin.
5. The patch is filled with bituminous mastic or sealant, which must be rolled out over it with a roller. Distribution is performed so that the fill has the greatest thickness at the edges of the patch.

The sequence of operations when installing a patch on euroruberoid

Roof patching is not the most reliable repair method, as it does not cover hidden defects. Experienced craftsmen try to use the method, albeit more expensive, but one hundred percent effective - "repair the old way."

Video: minor roof repair

"Old repair"

The worn-out roof is completely covered with a new coating without dismantling the old one. Before that, it must be put in order - cleaned of debris and dirt, sweep away the dust.

Before such a repair, it is necessary to assess whether the structures will be able to withstand the weight of the old and new coating. In any case, the number of layers on the roof should not exceed eight.

Video: roof repair "as before"

Major overhaul

In case of significant damage to the roof, even the "old repair" becomes impossible. In such a situation, you should resort to overhaul repairs. In the most neglected case, it will consist of the following stages:

1. Removing old roofing.
2. Knocking down the screed.
3. Dismantling of insulation.
4. Restoration or replacement of the vapor barrier.
5. Internal drainage system repair.
6. Insulation laying.
7. Giving the surface the required slope using sand bed.
8. Installation of funnels for the internal drainage system.
9. Laying cement-sand screed. To prevent water from evaporating from the solution, it can be covered with bitumen after laying.
10. Installation of roofing (the screed is treated with a primer before this).

The rolls are rolled parallel to the bottom edge of the roof, starting from the bottom. Each subsequent strip overlaps the previous one with an overlap of 10 cm. With significant slopes, the amount of overlap must be increased. The edges of the strips are treated with bituminous mastic.

The next layer is laid with the dressing of the seams, that is, so that the new stripes cover the edges of the strips of the underlying layer.

Before laying the last, top layer, it is recommended to fill the roof with water and see if there are any puddles left somewhere. If there are any, they are marked with chalk, after which the water is driven off, and the roof is dried. Further, the marked areas are filled in hot mastic or an additional piece of roll material with a thickness of not more than 1 mm is placed on them.

The work is completed by applying a reflective or fire retardant coating. Traditional materials - roofing material, glassine or roofing felt - need to be covered with hot bitumen mastic on top, and then sprinkled with stone chips. It is pressed into the bitumen with a roller. New materials usually already have a protective powder.

It is clear that if some elements or layers of the roof are in a satisfactory condition, the work associated with them can be omitted. At good luck overhaul may be limited to the replacement of the roof covering with a small local repair of the base and minor repairs of some elements.

If a third-party organization was involved in the repair of the roof, then another stage is added to the list - checking the quality of work. Here are some things a homeowner should look out for:

1. The correct laying of the panels. They should lie flat, with a uniform over their entire length and not too much overlap.
2. Tightness of adhesion of the edges of the coating to the base. Strong wind undermines the roof just by the edges, so it is extremely important that they are very carefully and reliably glued or melted.
3. Leaks in the rain. Initially, the ceilings on the top floor should be carefully inspected for water leaks after each rainfall. Conscientious firms and roof repair teams usually give a guarantee for their work, so if a leak is found, the customer has every right to demand the correction of imperfections.

Before contacting a third-party organization, it will be useful to study regulations regulating the installation of soft roofs. First of all - SNiP II-26–76 “Roofs” (section “Roofs from roll and mastic materials”). Of course, in some little things they lag behind life, in particular, they do not take into account the appearance on the market the latest materials, but the main part of the recommendations outlined is quite relevant.

Video: overhaul

Emergency repairs in winter

Most of the materials used for the installation of a soft roof for installation at low temperatures not calculated. But emergency situation may well happen in winter: the roof can be damaged a large number of snow, severe blizzard or ice movement. The following recommendations will help to carry out emergency repairs:

1. First of all, the roof must be freed from snow, but so as not to damage it even more. It is best to use a rubber scraper for this purpose.
2. For temporary patching of gaps, materials that do not brittle in the cold should be used. Of these, the most affordable are corrugated board and metal tiles. If a decision is made to make a patch of bituminous material, it must be kept in a heated room until the last moment. When frozen, it will crack when unrolled.
3. There are different types of sealants designed for use at low temperatures - and they should be used.
4. We must not forget that it gets dark early in winter, so you should take care of lighting the place of work.
5. Equipment should provide for the possibility of a sharp deterioration in the weather, it is also advisable to get an assistant.

In winter, before starting repairs, it is necessary to clean the roof surface from snow.

Video: soft roof repair technology

Due to its low strength, a soft roof has to be repaired quite often, but today the situation can be significantly improved by using the latest materials. The main thing is to follow the safety rules governing work at height. The place where the dismantled materials will be dumped must be fenced and marked with warning signs.