One of the management solutions autonomous water supply- connect to the pump a pressure switch RDM 5, adjustment, the instructions of which are not always clear to the user. In the same time given type devices from the Jilex brand are considered quite reliable and affordable. The setup problem can be solved, if desired, if you spend a little time studying the operation of the device.

What functions does the device perform?

In private houses, where the water supply is not connected, the issue of providing drinking quality water is solved in 2 ways:

• installation of a container or device of a pool filled with imported water;
• drilling a well to an aquifer.

Water is supplied to the house using a pump required power... But the amount of water pressure during its operation is too great to connect pumping unit to internal water supply networks directly. Therefore, an intermediate tank with a membrane is installed in the house - a hydraulic accumulator, and required pressure in the network supports the pressure switch RDM 5. The device allows you to automate the process of supplying water to autonomous systems ah water supply.

Operating principle

The device consists of a brass body with fittings for connection to the water supply network, spring valves and electrical relay... Outside, the elements are closed with a plastic cover. The scheme of operation of the pressure switch RDM 5 is as follows:

1. The manufacturer sets the device to the lowest pressure limit of 1.4 bar, the highest - 2.8 bar. When the pressure in the accumulator is less than the lower limit, the relay contacts are closed, and the pump pumps water into the intermediate membrane tank.
2. When the pressure rises to the upper limit (2.8 bar), the spring-loaded valve is activated and opens the relay contacts. The water supply stops.
3. When a water drawdown appears in the house, the accumulator begins to empty, the pressure decreases, and when the lower threshold of 1.4 bar is reached, the relay contacts close again and the pump resumes its work.

As a rule, the RDM 5 device is equipped with ready-made pumping stations, consisting of a pump, a water accumulator tank and a control relay itself. The station is set up at the factory and is completely ready for operation, it remains only to connect it to the pipe and the power grid. But finished goods are not suitable for everyone for the following reasons:

• the accumulator capacity is insufficient;
• the head of the standard pump is small to ensure the water supply to the required height;
• used by submersible pump lowered into the well.

In these cases, the automatic water supply system will have to be assembled from individual elements, and adjust the pressure switch accordingly, coordinating its operation with the storage tank. Before purchasing and connecting a device, it is recommended to study its technical characteristics:

• pressure regulation range in the water supply system - from 1 to 4.6 bar;
• ambient temperature range - from 0 to +40 ° С;
• minimum pressure drop - 1 bar;
• supply voltage - 220 V;
• diameter of fittings - DN 15, connection - G ’’.

If any of technical characteristics the RDM 5 relay does not suit you, you will have to look for another regulator. But practice shows that the parameters this appliance meet the requirements of the overwhelming number of autonomous water supply systems.

How to adjust the device?

The pressure switch is configured after installing the internal and external water supply network of the house and connecting to electrical network.

Connections for outdoor and internal pipelines must be verified by tests so that subsequent leaks do not interfere with the adjustment process. Due to the leakage of the joints, the pressure before the pump or after it will spontaneously decrease, which will also affect the operation of the relay.

Before adjusting, the required head must be determined. In order to supply water to all points of water intake located on different floors, it is necessary to provide the necessary pressure in the accumulator. The efforts of the tank membrane should be sufficient to push the entire volume of water to the required height and overcome all local resistance... At home, this pressure value is most often determined experimentally.

The calculation is simple: 1 m of the lifting height is equal to 10 m of the horizontal section and corresponds to a pressure of 0.1 bar. The farthest branch of the water supply is taken into account. Having approximately determined the required pressure, it is necessary to create such a pressure from the side of the air chamber of the accumulator. To do this, remove the plastic cap from the spool (usually located at the end of the tank) and pump the air chamber with a conventional automobile pump, controlling the pressure with a pressure gauge.

1. Without connecting the branch pipe of the internal water supply network, check how the relay works in conjunction with the pump at the factory settings. At the same time, check the tightness of the external pipeline.
2. Remove the plastic relay cover covering the adjusting screws.
3. The large screw adjusts the upper limit (pump shutdown), the small screw adjusts the differential pressure. Adjust the lower limit so that it is 0.2 bar more than you pumped into the accumulator.
4. To reach the exact values, you will have to adjust several times by opening the faucet taps and draining the water from the accumulator. At the same time, record the pressure gauge readings when the pump is turned off and on and correct them with the adjusting screws.

As a result of the settings, the difference between the lower and upper limit should not be less than 1 bar. Practice shows that the optimal pressure drop is about 1.5 bar, then the pump will not turn on too often. At the end of the adjustment, do not rush to put the cover back in place, follow the system for 1 day. Minor adjustments may be needed.

Pressure switch - small but indispensable unit large and small pumping station... And if all its other elements just need to be connected correctly, then it will also have to be additionally configured. It is this device that is responsible for automating the pumping process. It turns on and off the equipment according to the pressure in the hydraulic tank.

Competent adjustment of the pressure switch for the pump is a guarantee of comfort and long service equipment. How it is performed, what actions need to be performed and what data to know for fine tuning, we describe in detail in the article. You will find out why and in what situation it is produced.

except step by step description we provide adjustment procedures valuable advice reported by hydraulic engineers. To optimize perception, the text is supplemented with photo selections, diagrams, video guides.

Numerous varieties, which are completed with almost all pumping stations, are arranged in approximately the same way.

Inside the plastic case there is a metal base on which the rest of the elements are fixed:

• membrane;
• piston;
• metal platform;
• electrical contact assembly.

Above, under the plastic cover, there are two springs - a large and a small one. When the membrane is under pressure, it pushes the piston.

He, in turn, raises the platform, which acts on the large spring, compressing it. A large spring resists this pressure, limiting the movement of the piston.

The small distance that separates the large and small adjusting springs is enough to regulate the operation of a whole set of devices. The platform, under pressure from the diaphragm, gradually rises until its edge reaches the small spring. The pressure on the platform at this moment increases, as a result of which its position changes.

Image gallery

/ Automation unit for the pump

We offer for sale modern automation units for pumps manufactured by Dzhileks. Before you buy automatic device, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with its characteristics.

The automation unit (automatic device) allows you to automate the operation of the electric pump, start it when the pressure drops (when the tap is opened) and stop it when the water flow in the water supply system stops (when the tap is closed). In addition, the automation unit protects the pump from running without water ("dry running").

The automation unit is designed for pumping clean water that does not contain solid particles. In the presence of solid particles, it is necessary to install a filter at the entrance to the automation unit. The presence of a pressure gauge provides visual control of the pressure in the water supply system.

Operating principle

The automation unit starts the electric pump within 20-25 seconds after connecting to the mains. Subsequent starts of the electric pump occur when the starting pressure is reached, under the influence of opening the valve. Unlike systems with a pressure-tank switch, the condition for stopping the electric pump is not dictated by the achievement of a certain pressure in the system, but is determined by a decrease in flow to minimum values. As soon as the automation unit detects this condition, it stops the electric pump with a delay in the interval of 7 + 15 seconds, the timing logic is aimed at reducing the frequency of operation of the electric pump in low flow conditions.

The automation unit can be used in conjunction with

Mounting

1. The pressure gauge can be mounted on one of the two sides of the automation box using an O-ring and two fixing screws. Having chosen a convenient location of the pressure gauge, plug the hole on the opposite side with a screw without using any seal. Install the automation unit in a strictly vertical position at any point located between the pump flow and the first water intake point (tap) so that the inlet ( external thread 1 ") was connected to the direction of the water flow out of the pump, and the side outlet (1" male thread) corresponded to the direction of flow in the pipeline. Make sure the hydraulic connections are completely tight. In the case of using an electric pump with a maximum pressure of over 10 bar, it is necessary to install a pressure reducer at the inlet to the automation unit.

2.For electrical connection, follow the diagram shown on the cover of the circuit board. When using the automation unit with three-phase or single-phase electric pumps with a switching current of more than 10 A, use an electromagnetic starter. It is necessary to use an electric cable with a thermal resistance of at least 99 ° C.

3. The starting pressure is set to 1.5 bar, which is optimal for most applications. This value can be changed using the adjusting screw located on the top of the automation box marked "+" and "-".

Automation unit startup

ATTENTION: If the level of the filled water is lower than the level at which the pump is installed, it is imperative to use a bottom check valve on the suction pipe.

1. Before starting the operation, completely fill the suction pipe and the electric pump with water and start the latter, thereby giving power to the “NETWORK” automation unit. After stopping the electric pump, open the tap located at the highest point.

2. The setting is correct if the electric pump runs continuously and there is a regular flow of water at the outlet of the tap. In the absence of water flow, you can prolong the operation of the electric pump by holding down the "RESET" button, for an interval exceeding the timekeeping time of the automation unit. If, in this case, there is no flow, you should turn off the power supply to the electric pump, and repeat the procedure, starting from item 1.

Dry code protection

The red PROTECTION indicator lights up when the electric pump is switched off, signaling the danger of dry running. After making sure that the suction line is filled with water, start the electric pump by pressing the "RESET" button.

Specifications

Voltage - 230-240 V 50/60 Hz
Maximum switched current - 10 (6) A
Starting pressure - 1.5 + 3.5 atm.
Maximum water flow - 80 l / min
The maximum allowable pressure is 10 atm.
Maximum water temperature - 60 ° С
Connecting dimensions - 1 "
Protection degree - 1P65

ATTENTION:
Check valve located between the electric pump and the automation unit, as well as after the automation unit, may cause incorrect operation of the automation unit itself.
The adjustment of the starting pressure must be carried out by competent personnel in accordance with all safety regulations.
This operation is aimed at changing the starting pressure for switching on the electric pump.
The shutdown pressure of the automation unit is not adjustable, and corresponds to the maximum pressure generated by the electric pump.

One of essential elements control of the water pumping station is a pressure switch. It provides automatic switching on and off of the pump, controlling the water supply to the tank according to the specified parameters. There are no clear recommendations on what the values ​​of the limiting levels of the lower and upper pressures should be. Each consumer decides this individually within the permissible norms and instructions.

The device and principle of operation of the water pressure switch

Structurally, the relay is made in the form of a compact block with springs of maximum and minimum pressure, the tension of which is regulated by nuts. The diaphragm, connected to the springs, reacts to changes in the pressure force. Upon reaching minimum value the spring weakens, at the maximum level it contracts more strongly. The impact on the springs causes the relay contacts to open (close), switching off or on the pump.

The presence of a relay in the water supply system allows ensuring constant pressure and the required water pressure in the system. The pump is automatically controlled. Correctly exposed provide its periodic shutdown, which contributes to a significant increase in the period of trouble-free service.

The sequence of operation of the pumping station under the control of the relay is as follows:

• The pump pumps water into the tank.
• The water pressure is constantly increasing, which can be monitored by the pressure gauge.
• When the set upper limit pressure level is reached, the relay activates and turns off the pump.
• As the water pumped into the tank is consumed, the pressure decreases. When it reaches a lower level, the pump will turn on again and the cycle will repeat.

Device diagram and constituent elements typical pressure switch

The main parameters of the relay:

• Lower pressure (switch-on level). The relay contacts, which turn on the pump, close, and water enters the tank.
• Upper pressure (cut-off level). The relay contacts open, the pump turns off.
• The pressure range is the difference between the two previous indicators.
• Maximum value allowable pressure shutdown.

Pressure switch setting

In the process of assembling the pumping station Special attention pays attention to setting the pressure switch. Ease of operation, as well as the terms of trouble-free service of all components of the device, depend on how correctly its limit levels are set.

At the first stage, you need to check the pressure that was created in the tank during the manufacture of the pumping station. Typically, the factory setting is set to 1.5 atmospheres for on and 2.5 atmospheres for off. Check this with an empty tank and a pumping station disconnected from the mains. It is recommended to check with an automotive mechanical pressure gauge. It is housed in a metal case, so measurements are more accurate than using electronic or plastic gauges. Their readings can be affected by both the room temperature and the battery charge level. It is desirable that the scale limit of the pressure gauge be as small as possible. Because on a scale of, say, 50 atmospheres, it will be very difficult to accurately measure one atmosphere.

To check the pressure in the tank, you need to unscrew the cap that closes the spool, connect the pressure gauge and take a reading on its scale. The air pressure should be checked periodically thereafter, for example once a month. In this case, water must be completely removed from the tank by turning off the pump and opening all the taps.

Another option is also possible - carefully monitor the pump shutdown pressure. If it increases, this will mean a decrease in air pressure in the tank. The lower the air pressure, the more water supply can be created. However, the pressure spread from a completely filled to practically empty tank is large, and all this will depend on the preferences of the consumer.

Having chosen the desired operating mode, you need to install it, bleeding off excess air for this, or pump it up additionally. It must be borne in mind that you should not reduce the pressure to a value less than one atmosphere, and also pump it over too much. Due to the small amount of air, the rubber container filled with water inside the tank will touch its walls and wipe clean. And excess air will not make it possible to pump a lot of water, since a significant part of the volume of the tank will be occupied by air.

Setting the pump on and off pressure levels

Which are supplied assembled, the pressure switch is pre-set according to the best option... But when installing it from various elements at the place of operation, the relay must be set up. This is due to the need to ensure an effective relationship between the relay settings and the tank volume and pump head. In addition, it may be necessary to change the initial setting of the pressure switch. The procedure should be as follows:

In practice, the power of the pumps is chosen such that it does not allow pumping the tank to the extreme limit. Usually the cut-off pressure is set a couple of atmospheres above the cut-off threshold.

It is also allowed to set limit pressure levels that differ from the recommended values. In this way, you can set your own version of the operating mode of the pumping station. Moreover, when setting the pressure difference with a small nut, one must proceed from the fact that the starting point of reference should be the lower level set by the large nut. The upper level can only be set within the limits for which the system is designed. In addition, rubber hoses and other plumbing fixtures also withstand pressure, not higher than the design pressure. All this must be taken into account when installing the pumping station. In addition, the excessive pressure of water from the tap is often completely unnecessary and uncomfortable.

Pressure switch adjustment

Adjustment of the pressure switch is practiced in cases where it is necessary to set the levels of the upper and lower pressures to the specified values. For example, you want to set the upper pressure to 3 atmospheres, the lower - 1.7 atmospheres. The adjustment process is as follows:

• Turn on the pump and pump water into the tank until the pressure on the pressure gauge is 3 atmospheres.
• Switch off the pump.
• Open the relay cover and slowly rotate the small nut until the relay picks up. Clockwise rotation of the nut means an increase in pressure, in the opposite direction - a decrease. The upper level is exposed - 3 atmospheres.
• Open the tap and drain the water from the tank until the pressure on the pressure gauge reaches 1.7 atmospheres.
• Shut off valve.
• Open the relay cover and slowly rotate the large nut until the contacts engage. The lower level is exposed - 1.7 atmospheres. It should be slightly higher than the air pressure in the tank.

If given high pressure to turn off and low - to turn on, the tank is filled big amount water, and there is no need to turn on the pump frequently. Inconvenience occurs only due to the large pressure drop when the tank is full or almost empty. In other cases, when the pressure range is small, and the pump often has to be pumped up, the water pressure in the system is uniform and quite comfortable.

In the next article, you will learn - the most common connection schemes.

Automation mechanisms for the pump are used to ensure the autonomous operation of devices with adjustment suitable regime... In addition, high-quality automation protects the pumps from dry running and saves energy consumption. This approach allows you to extend the life of expensive pumping equipment.

A feature of the Jileks automatics is the ability to use devices both with branded models and with devices from other manufacturers. In addition, inexpensive equipment has a number of other useful properties.

1 Features of the control unit

The main element of the company's pumping process automation is the Jileks automation unit. Such a device is connected directly to the pumping device and reacts to the pressure level in the system.

The Jileks block consists of a plastic case with a metal cover. Inside the body there is a spring, an electronic unit, complete with a pressure switch and a movable mechanism that closes the contacts when the pressure drops. For external control over the operation of the device, a pressure gauge is mounted on the side surface of the unit.

The device is designed to operate on the basis of a pumping station or other surface pump that transfers clean water... Use with a low content of abrasive impurities is also possible, but in this case the device is equipped with an additional filter.

1.1 Principle of operation of the device

Dzhileks automatics functions independently from the usual electrical network. After 30 seconds after installing and connecting the unit, it turns on and works within a few seconds. Then the device turns off and is activated only in case of a change in the pressure in the line.

When the tap at the point of water consumption is opened, the pressure in the pipe begins to decrease rapidly. In this case, the unit immediately turns on and, when the minimum pressure indicator is reached, activates the electric pump. The appliance pumps water until the pressure is equalized again (when the tap is closed). After the tap is closed, the device works for another 5-20 seconds, continuing to pump water into the line. This measure is a precaution in case the pressure in the system drops below normal and the device is not able to track the pressure level.

1.2 HOW IS THE JELEX AUTOMATION UNIT DESIGNED? (VIDEO)

2 Correct installation of the device

Dzhileks 9001 automatic equipment is installed in the supply line complete with additional equipment. therefore an important milestone is an correct installation and setting up all components. Installation of the automatic control unit from Dzhileks is carried out in the following order:

1. First of all, if you purchased a modification without measuring instruments, you should purchase a pressure gauge and install it on the side panel. The mechanism is necessary for the control and management of the unit.
2. The automatic device itself crashes into the water main in the area between the point of water consumption (tap) and the pumping device. The unit is installed exclusively in a vertical position, with the blue metal cover facing up. In this case, the inlet of the device (indicated in the instructions) must be located on the side of the pump outlet. The outlet leads the water further into the supply line.
3. After the control device is installed in the line, it is necessary to carefully inspect all joints and connections for tightness. If errors are found during installation, they should be sealed with sealant or connecting elements.
4. The connection of the unit to the network is carried out strictly according to the scheme indicated in the instructions. Moreover, if the device completes a pump with a current of more than 10 amperes, a magnetic starter is additionally installed. The main requirement for the electrical cable used with the device is increased resistance to high temperatures.

If necessary, the supply line is supplemented with filters for water purification and a receiver to equalize the pressure in the system.

After all the components are installed in the line, it is necessary to check the device. For this, the pump inlet through the pipeline is filled with liquid and the pump is turned on. One of the indicators on the unit immediately lights up. This indicates that there is contact between the unit and the pumping device. Within a few tens of seconds, the device works and then turns off.

After the device turns off, it is necessary to open one of the taps (if there are multi-level, then the topmost one is desirable). However, there are two options:

1. In the first case, the water will go from the tap in a continuous, uninterrupted flow. The unit turns on and pumping device works throughout the entire period of use of the crane. In this case, the device is installed correctly.
2. If the water flow is unstable or absent altogether, you can try to restart the device with the “Reset” button. The button is pressed and held until the pumping device works. If, in this case, nothing has changed, a thorough inspection of the device and the entire line is carried out, and, if necessary, dismantling and adjustment.

3 Unit-compatible pumping units

Automation from Jileks is a universal device. With its help, the operation of pumping devices from various manufacturers can be regulated. Regarding the principle of operation, such a pressure equalization mechanism is installed on a vibrating, centrifugal, vortex, screw pump.

The device works most effectively in combination with pumping devices that meet the following characteristics:

• current strength in the range of 6-10 A;
• device productivity up to 100 l / min;
• voltage not higher than 250 V;
• the maximum temperature limit of the pumped liquid is 75 degrees;
• connection to a pipe with a cross section of 1 inch.

4 What other automation options does Jileks have?

In addition to the automation unit, the company also produces less popular automation options for pumping equipment. One of these options is the installation of Jilex Crab. The device is responsible for a stable pressure in the supply line, starts and stops the pump if necessary. In addition, the filter element removes solids from the stream.

Jilex Crab consists of the following components:

• polymer hydraulic valve;
• receiver tank with a volume of 24 or 50 liters, covered with anti-corrosion enamel;
• electrical pressure switch;
• a filter with a replaceable cartridge, which is responsible for cleaning the water stream from impurities;
• pressure gauge;
• two electrical cables;
• special bracket for fixing the unit to the wall.

The device operates on the basis of a standard 220 V electrical network. Suitable for the simultaneous connection of 2-3 water intake points. An adjustable relay allows you to set, even before starting work, the pressure level that the device will maintain. Like the previous type of devices, the Crab 50 is a universal device and is suitable for connecting to borehole pumps any manufacturer.

4.1 Pressure switch RDM-5

More simple option automation of the pumping station is the installation of a special relay RDM-5 on it. The compact device is mounted in the pipeline and connected to the pumping unit using electric cable... The wire is fixed to the relay contacts.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows. The device reacts to the pressure level in the line. If the indicator is below the set value, the contacts are connected, the current is supplied to the water intake point and the liquid fills the pipeline until the pressure returns to normal. When the pressure level returns to normal ( this indicator also set by the user) - contacts diverge. The supply of current to the downhole apparatus is interrupted and it is turned off.

The minimum and maximum indicators at which the pumping device is triggered are set by the user. They can be adjusted using two nuts that fix the degree of spring tension. A larger nut, when turned counterclockwise, sets the maximum pressure, a smaller nut, when rotating, allows you to adjust the difference between the maximum and minimum value.

RDM-5 is designed to be used exclusively in water. The operating voltage for the device is 220-230 V. The temperature of the pumped liquid is 0-40 degrees. The relay is fixed to a ¼ ”pipeline. A prerequisite for using the RDM-5 is a high-quality grounding.

4.2 Float switch

For drainage, faecal and surface pumps for water the cheapest and in a practical way automation is float switch... According to the scope of use, such devices are divided into light and heavy. Drainage models are equipped with a light float, heavy floats are installed at water supply stations and water pumps.

The structure consists of an electric cable 3.5, 8 or 10 m long and a plastic float mechanism. Inside the float there are two contacts, a switch lever and a ball that changes the position of the lever. By the number of wires, two and three-wire floats are distinguished.

In the version with two wires, they are directly connected to the contacts of the float. When such a mechanism rises with the water level to the indicated level, the lever presses on the contacts, they close and supply energy to the pump.

In models with three wires, the ability to turn on the fence point in the uppermost and lowermost positions is supported. To do this, one wire goes to one of the contacts, and the other two wires, depending on the position, go to the second contact.

The principle of operation of such a float mechanism is that the device automatically turns on the pump when the water level rises to the set value. In the case of a two-wire device, the float, on the contrary, opens the contacts and turns off the device when the water falls below normal.