In addition, lighters use different types ignition - flint, piezoelectric, etc.

Petrol lighters appeared at the beginning of the 20th century and were not very reliable at first. Zippo gas lighters were introduced in 1932 and have a cult status due to their reliability and remarkable history.

Austrian lighter of the 1920s, which served as the prototype for the creation of Zippo lighters

Gas lighters were invented later than gas lighters and were joyfully received by smokers, as they did not give off a pungent gasoline smell and could even be used to light cigars.

Ignition device

gas lighter with pyrophoric "flint" (cerium alloy - mischmetal).

The principle of operation is based on spontaneous combustion of pyrophoric alloys (ferrocerium) during abrasion; ignited by hot wire electric shock, touching a hot object; piezoelectric discharge; catalytic ignition of vapors of organic substances.

Fuel

In gas lighters, liquefied propane or liquefied butane is used as fuel, which, after passing through the reducer, evaporates, forming a highly flammable mixture of gas and air.

Petrol vapors burn in petrol lighters.

combustion temperature

Depending on the type of fuel, the lighter flame can reach the following temperature values:

1. propane-butane - from 800 to 1970 ° С;
2. gasoline - 1300-1400 ° C;

Reducer

Design

The design of the lighter directly depends on its purpose. Pocket lighters are small and easy to carry. The design is absolutely any, but the sizes are limited. Desktop lighters are quite rare. These lighters are quite massive and are not designed to be carried. The design of such lighters can be anything. There are also special fireplace lighters, with a large length they have a small width and thickness, and even lighters from famous brands. Not so long ago, sensory lighters appeared, in which gas is ignited without mechanical influences, but by acting on a sensor sensor. Recently, the so-called branded or advertising lighters are gaining more and more popularity. They are an ordinary pocket lighter, on which the necessary information is applied. The information is usually promotional in nature. Widely used by large chain stores and HoReCa class establishments. Lighters with information are also used for promotions. Information, as a rule, is applied to inexpensive plastic lighters using silk-screen or pad printing.

kitchen lighter

Many lighters for cookers have an elongated spout (so that you can light the oven with them) and there are several types.

Ignition type

Gas

A conventional lighter with a gas container, an elongated spout and a piezoelectric ignition. The lighter is also suitable for lighting fires and fireplaces. Gas lighters are conventional and turbo.

Electrical

They were common in Soviet times, such a lighter is plugged into an outlet. The lighter is tied not only to the house but also to electricity. If there is no electricity in the house, turn on gas stove such a lighter is impossible. Has the most powerful spark effect while the button is pressed. The principle of operation is based on the cyclic closing and opening of the electrical circuit by a spark-producing rod, under the influence of electromagnetic field. The iron-containing rod closes the circuit, turns on the electromagnet, which draws the rod into itself and thereby opens the circuit, the rod returns to its original position under the action of the spring, and the process repeats. The emerging electric arc ignites the gas. The advantages of such lighters: reliable and fast ignition of gas, simplicity and durability of the design. Disadvantages: dependence on an external supply circuit, high level radio interference, risk of electrical injury.

Battery powered

Designed to run on one or more batteries. It is a pulse converter with a step-up transformer. Gives off many weak sparks while the button is pressed.

Piezo

Does not require energy sources or other consumables. It has a piezoelectric in its design. Gives several powerful sparks along the button in one direction and in the other.

Souvenir lighters banned

The EU and a number of US states have adopted or are preparing to adopt legislation prohibiting the circulation of souvenir lighters made in the form of objects that are not lighters (animals, cartoon characters, lanterns, cameras, etc.), which can be mistaken for toys by children, and lead in their hands to injury, burns and fires.

Story

The first lighter, the Döbereiner flint, was invented by Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner in 1823. It was produced until 1880.

The first "flint" lighter was created after the invention of the ferrocerium alloy by Baron Karl von Auerbach in 1906 in Austria. It is this alloy that is the basis for the manufacture of "flints" for lighters. Then the flint lighter acquired a design that has survived to this day almost unchanged: a specially serrated wheel strikes a spark from the “flint”, and the spark ignites the wick soaked in gasoline or the gas coming out of the valve.

The development of lighters was accelerated during the First World War. The soldiers used matches to see the way in the dark, but the intense flash when ignited gave away their location. The need for a fire without a big flash fueled the lighter industry. By the end of the war, lighters were a mass-produced product. The leader in the production of flint lighters at that time was the birthplace of ferrocerium, Austria, and also Germany. A little later, lighters began to be mass-produced around the world.

During World War II, Zippo lighters, made in the US and distributed to US military personnel, became the standard for reliability and functionality among liquid lighters.

see also

• The wheel lock is an invention of Leonardo da Vinci, with a mechanism similar to a lighter.

Links

• Russian-language online encyclopedia of lighters (rus.). archived
• Site of an English collector about rare and vintage lighters (English). Archived from the original on February 24, 2012. Retrieved August 21, 2010.

The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to a gas lighter containing a safe ignition system, and makes it easy to operate by adults, but difficult by children. SUBSTANCE: gas lighter contains a container for holding liquefied kerosene gas, a valve installed on the container and allowing the gas to escape from it, a system for opening and closing the gas flow, having a flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by at least one holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel, while the peripheral surface of each holder, in contact with the user's finger, is made smooth. The lighter is easy to operate by adults but difficult to use by children. 2 s. and 2 s.p.f-ly, 2 ill.

The invention relates to a gas lighter, and in particular to a gas lighter containing a safety ignition system. Typically, a gas lighter includes a container for liquefied gas, a valve mounted on the container to allow gas to exit the container, a gas flow opening and closing system operated by a lever, a gas flow control system, and an ignition system. In a sense, this last system contains a flint acting in combination with a knurled wheel and usually a safety cover. The knurled wheel is mounted on a shaft for rotation between two holders. The knurled wheel is cylindrical in shape, while the holders are disc-shaped, and they have a diameter that is significantly larger diameter knurled wheels. In addition, the valves of the holders are roughened, which makes them abrasive. The user can easily operate the knurled wheel with a finger since the finger does not touch the holders. When the wheel in contact with the flint is made to be rotated by the holders and the user's finger, a flurry of sparks is produced and is followed by the release of some gas by the action of the same finger on the lever to open the gas flow. A shower of sparks ignites the gas, creating a flame that comes out of the lid. Such a system requires positive user action to generate and maintain the flame, and requires two independent movements, i.e. rotation of the knurled wheel and actuation of a lever to open the gas flow to create the flame. However, people are trying to find a way to make it more difficult to use such lighters so that children under the age of five cannot create a flame with them. Lighters already exist in which the additional problem of flame formation has to be overcome, and several patents or applications are known that describe such lighters. These include US Pat. Nos. 5,125,829 and 5,002,482 and International Applications WO-93/17282 and WO-95/04247. The lighters described in these documents have additional device, obstructing access to the knurled wheel or blocking the movement of the gas release lever. Because of this, such lighters have complex structure leading to high production costs. In addition, the use of these lighters is complicated and requires instructions. Even adults may have some difficulty using these lighters and will need instructions. Known gas lighter containing a container for containing gas, a valve mounted on the container and allowing gas to exit it, a system for opening and closing the gas flow, having flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by at least one holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel (US Patent N 5125829). However, this lighter suffers from the disadvantages of prior art devices. The invention is based on the problem of providing a lighter that, due to the design of the holders, is easily operated by adults, but difficult to use by children, which is constantly in a state of readiness without initial impact, and whose operation is ensured in the same way as the operation of conventional lighters. This object according to the first aspect of the invention is achieved by a gas lighter comprising a container for containing gas, a valve mounted on the container and allowing the gas to escape from it, a system for opening and closing the flow of gas, having a flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by rotation by at least one holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel, in which, according to the invention, the peripheral surface of each holder in contact with the user's finger is made smooth, and liquefied kerosene gas is used as the gas. According to this embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral surface of each holder to be in contact with the user's finger is smooth. Thus, in order to move the wheel through the holder, the user must apply a force containing the main radial component to it, and the user must follow this holder in its rotational movement to generate sparks. The motion made by the user to use the lighter is the same motion that is made to use the lighter according to known technical solutions, while the user must follow the movement of the holder by creating more essentially radial force. Due to this, the child can use such a lighter only with difficulty. Preferably, the knurled wheel is a cylindrical knurled wheel mounted on a shaft between two carriers which are substantially disc-shaped and have a diameter substantially larger than that of the knurled wheel. This arrangement ensures good movement of the knurled wheel by means of the holders. It is advisable that each holder is made in the form of a round disk. This form of holders allows their action and at the same time does not allow them to work when the child uses them. This object, according to another aspect of the invention, is achieved by a gas lighter comprising a container for containing the gas, a valve mounted on the container and allowing the gas to escape from it, a system for opening and closing the flow of gas, having a flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by rotation by at least one holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel, in which, according to the invention, each holder has essentially the shape of a disk, its peripheral surface in contact with the user's finger is wavy, and liquefied kerosene gas is used as gas . In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, each holder should be made essentially in the form of a disk, and its peripheral surface, in contact with the user's finger, is made wavy. To move the wheel by means of the holder, the user must apply a force containing the main radial component to it, and the user must follow this holder in its rotational movement to generate sparks. Due to this, the child can use such a lighter only with difficulty. Furthermore, with respect to known lighters, the modifications made are not significant, since only the holders have been modified. The present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description with reference to the attached drawings showing, in a non-limiting example, one embodiment of this gas lighter. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a lighter according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, partly in section, on an enlarged scale, of the lighter of FIG. 1. FIG. 1 and 2 show a gas lighter having, as is known, an element 1 which functions as a reservoir for containing liquefied petrol gas. At the top of the tank, there is a valve 2 that allows the gas to escape when the valve is in open position . Lever 3 controls the opening and closing of valve 2. Spring 4 acts on lever 3 in such a way that when valve 2 is in the idle position, it is closed. The part of the lever 3 opposite the valve 2 is actuated by the user when he wants the gas to flow out of the reservoir to maintain, for example, a flame. The lighter also includes an ignition system for igniting the gas exiting the valve 2. This system comprises a flint 5 and a knurled wheel 6. This latter is mounted on a shaft 7 and can rotate around it. It is made cylindrical in shape, and its peripheral surface is knurled. The flint 5 is supported radially on the knurled wheel 6. It is supported by a spring 8. Thus, when the knurled wheel 6 rotates around its axis 7, sparks are generated. They can ignite the gas coming out of the valve 2. On both sides of the knurled wheel 6 are installed on the holder 9 coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel 6. These holders 9 may form a single piece with the knurled wheel 6 or they may be separate elements operating in combination with the knurled wheel 6 . These holders 9 are round discs with a peripheral surface forming an edge which is smooth. Thus, the coefficient of friction between the user's finger and the holders 9 is relatively low. In order to rotate the knurled wheel 6, the user puts his finger 10 on the holders 9 on the opposite side of the flint 5. He presses these holders 9 with a force having a large radial component to continue rotation, the finger 10 must continue to apply a force having a large radial component, and at the same time follow the movement of the holders 9. The finger 10 continues its stroke until it is in contact with the lever 3. As for the lighter according to the prior art having rough holders, the user's finger must accompany the rotation of the wheel with knurled at a relatively large angle of rotation. The setting of the thumbwheel is intentionally linked to the angle of rotation. If the radial force is insufficient, sparks will not form. Also, if the finger does not follow the movement of the knurled wheel 6 when it reaches the lever 3, there will be no more sparks and the gas will not ignite. Due to the relatively high force that must be applied, and since it is necessary to follow the movement of the holders at a rotation angle that is relatively large, it will be difficult for children to use the described lighter. However, an adult will use a lighter the same as similar lighters with rough surface holders. The only difference is that it takes a lot of force to turn the knurled wheel with his or her finger. It is clear that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above as a non-limiting example of the invention, on the contrary, it includes all possible modifications thereof. For example, there can only be one holder to turn the thumb wheel.

Claim

1. A gas lighter comprising a container for containing gas, a valve mounted on the container and allowing gas to exit it, a system for opening and closing the gas flow, having a flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by at least one a holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel, characterized in that the peripheral surface of each holder in contact with the user's finger is made smooth, and liquefied kerosene gas is used as the gas. 2. Lighter according to claim 1, characterized in that the knurled wheel is a cylindrical knurled wheel mounted on a shaft between two holders that are substantially disc-shaped and have a diameter significantly larger than that of the knurled wheel. 3. Lighter according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each holder is made in the form of a round disk. 4. A gas lighter comprising a container for containing gas, a valve mounted on the container and allowing gas to exit it, a system for opening and closing the gas flow, having a flint, acting in combination with a knurled wheel driven by at least one a holder located coaxially with respect to the knurled wheel, characterized in that each holder has essentially the shape of a disk, its peripheral surface in contact with the user's finger is wavy, and liquefied kerosene gas is used as the gas.

There are many brands of lighters - expensive and cheap, famous and not, cool and ordinary. Among such a variety, one can single out the most famous brands and find out which lighter is the most expensive.

What lighters are considered good

Cool lighters are considered those that are not available ordinary person. Most often, these are rare collectible gasoline and gas models, as well as vintage table lighters.

One of the oldest cool lighters is the Döbereiner flint, designed in 1823. Starters based on the ignition of hydrogen were sold in the nineteenth century throughout Europe.

Collectors value rarities released in limited quantities. We are talking about pocket and more massive desktop lighters produced in the USA, Japan and European countries. Many rarities work fine today.

A durable design and a successful mechanism are the distinguishing features of the Dürr table lighter, made in Switzerland since the middle of the last century.

The most famous brands of lighters

The world-famous Givenchy house, being a representative of the fashion world, produces, among other things, lighters. The recognizable combination of four letters G adorns the shiny metal case.

Cartier is a representative of the jewelry industry that has achieved great success. Its history began with the release of lighters. Cartier fans are members of royal families.

One of the most famous brands lighters are considered BIC. This brand produces products aimed at the male audience - from lighters and writing instruments to razors. V different countries around the world, millions of buyers appreciate luxurious lighters and elegant fountain pens decorated with silver and gold. Zippo lighters, developed in 1932 in America, are distinguished by design, durability and high quality. Initially, fans of the brand did not quite like the design, but after the developer changed the appearance of the accessory, these lighters became one of the most popular and famous in the world.

Alfred Dunhill is the founder of the Dunhill brand, one of the creators of the lighter, which could be used with one hand. It was called the revolution of the tobacco industry. Initially, the model was called Everytime, later it was called Unique. It is under this name that such a lighter is known today throughout the world. Ten years later, another model appeared - Tallboy, also put into mass production. In 1956, the same Dunhill brand surprised the whole world with the release of a butane lighter - Rollagas.

Long before the advent of brands such as Dunhill and Zippo, IMCO brand automatic lighters were used in Europe. To date, more than half a million have been released. They are sold in eighty countries of the world and differ elegant design, concise body and practicality. Most IMCO lighters meet the highest standards thanks in large part to the fact that they are handcrafted.

The most expensive lighter in the world

Speaking about the most expensive lighter in the world, it is necessary to single out a single lighter-record holder and a set of lighters, the cost of which is by far the highest in the world.

A single lighter worth seventy-four thousand dollars was made in France under the Dupont brand. It is made of white gold with four hundred and sixty-eight diamonds inlaid in the case. This is what explains such a high cost.

The Guinness Book of Records named the most expensive set of lighters a set of the same Dupont brand, which in 2013 was sold for a super-high amount of five hundred thousand euros. Louise XIII Fleur de Parme is the name of the record set. There are only two lighters in the set, one of them is pocket, the other is desktop. For the manufacture of a table lighter, the manufacturer used four hundred grams of pure gold and many sapphires; a pocket lighter is also made of gold and decorated with sapphires, but of less weight and quantity. By the way, the Dupont lighter was included in the rating of the most expensive things in the world, which is published on the website.
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The lighter as we know it has been around for nearly 2 centuries. During this time, manufacturers have learned to make this accessory on different types fuel, with different types of ignition, shape, color of fire and functionality. In this article we will talk about all this diversity and classify it. So what are the lighters in the XXI century?

With or without fuel

According to the type of fuel on which modern lighters work, they are divided into gasoline and gas. There is a third subspecies, which does not need refueling in the classical sense - electropulse.

Petrol

There are 3 types of gas products. They differ in the type of fuel ignition:

Flint - a spark is mined, as in gasoline counterparts, from flint. The only difference is in the fuel.

Piezo (on quartz crystals) - when rubbed, the crystals form a spark, igniting the gas.

Electric - the principle is the same as in piezo products, but instead of crystals, a battery acts as an active element.

Current strength

There are lighters that run on electricity. They are also called flameless, since they do not give fire. Instead, in such products there is an electric discharge, similar to a miniature lightning. It also provides the temperature necessary for lighting or ignition.

There are battery-powered models in which the current passes through a thin wire (the principle of operation is similar to that of a car cigarette lighter). The second variety is electric pulse lighters that are charged via a usb port (on average, you need to recharge them once every 2 months). Such lighters are not afraid of frost, unlike gas counterparts, and do not fail in windy weather.

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Classification by purpose and scope

There are standard models (manual or pocket) and desktop (stationary). Depending on the scope of use of lighters, their design also changes. In household and camping models, the spout is narrow, there are options with control of the direction and strength of the flame. Products for home use often include a child-proof feature.

Purpose:

for cigarettes / pipes / cigars / hookahs / fireplaces / candles / burners.

for lighting barbecues / grills / bonfires - this category is called camping, for outdoor activities and tourism.

In lighters for lighting pipes, the fire breaks out not in the usual vertical direction, but from the side.

Design

Manufacturing companies offer standard lighters in the shape of rectangles different widths and thickness, female models and male, youth options and products for respectable people of age. The price of a lighter also depends on the material, decor and brand. Designs exist great amount– from the no-frills classic no-frills Zippo to collectible models with precious stones, made of gold, with a built-in pistol mechanism.

The industry is rich in offerings of lighters and non-standard forms– in the form of animals, cartoon characters, bottles, confectionery, various kinds weapons, crypts, dishes, shoes - there is no limit to the imagination of designers. And yet, among all this riot of options, Zippo products stand out for their quality and prestige. The company creates things with status and history.

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