Air parameters

The ventilation system must maintain certain parameters of the air environment in the pool room:

• Temperature. Not only the comfort of people depends on it, but also the rate of evaporation of moisture from the surface of the water. Therefore, the air temperature should be slightly (1-2 ° C) higher than the water temperature (if the water is warmer than the air, then the evaporation of moisture increases significantly). For private pools, the recommended air and water temperatures are 30 ° C and 28 ° C, respectively. To heat the supply air to a predetermined temperature in inexpensive direct-flow systems, water or electric heaters are used. To save energy in air handling units, in addition to the air heater, heat recuperators can be installed, usually based on plate recuperators and heat pumps (recuperators heat the supply air due to the heat of the removed air). If the outdoor temperature can exceed the indoor temperature for a long time, then a ventilation system with a cooling function must be used.
• Humidity. This is one of the most important air parameters, which affects the safety of the finish and structural elements of the pool room. If the air humidity exceeds a safe level for a long time, structural elements may become unusable - covered with rust and mold due to the formation of condensation. Therefore, outside of working hours, to reduce evaporation from the water mirror, it is recommended to cover the pool surface with a film. Note that you need to control and manage relative rather than absolute humidity (moisture content). Relative humidity with constant moisture content strongly depends on temperature, so a decrease in temperature by 1 ° C leads to an increase in humidity by 3.5%. Two methods are used to reduce air humidity:
  • The assimilation of moisture with the outside air, that is, the supply of outdoor air with a low moisture content to the room and the removal of humid air from the room. This method works well in winter when the outside moisture content is low. In the summer in central Russia, moisture assimilation by the outside air is also possible, but it should be borne in mind that in hot and rainy weather, the moisture content of the outside air may be higher than that of the inside, and then this method will not work.
  • Condensation dehumidification on the evaporator surface. They work on this principle. The dehumidifier can be designed as a separate unit or integrated into the air handling unit. Note that the name of the dryer for this unit is not entirely accurate. A more general name would be more correct: refrigeration machine or a refrigeration circuit, since this unit not only reduces air humidity, but also transfers heat from the exhaust air to the supply air (heat pump), and when the direction of movement of the refrigerant changes, it can cool the supply air.
  The humidity in the pool room should be maintained at a level of 40-65%, while in the warm season a higher humidity level is allowed, since there are no cold surfaces in the room on which moisture condensation is possible. Based on this, the recommended values ​​of the relative air humidity: up to 55% in summer, up to 45% in winter.
• Quantity fresh air ... The minimum volume of fresh air supplied is determined by sanitary standards (80 m³ / h per person) and the need for moisture assimilation from the air (in the absence of a condensation air dryer). In summer, the volume of supplied air is usually higher than in winter, since the difference in moisture content between the indoor and outdoor air is lower during the warm season.
• Supply to extract air ratio. It is recommended to maintain a slight vacuum in the pool room (the air flow rate of the exhaust system should be 10-15% higher than that of the supply one). This prevents humid air and pool odors from spreading to other areas.
• Air mobility. Unlike residential premises, where ventilation can be turned off for a while, constant air mobility must be ensured in the pool room based on 6-fold air exchange. This is due to the fact that in still air, even with normal average humidity, stagnant zones form near cold surfaces, where the temperature drops below the dew point and condensation occurs. To avoid this, the air must be constantly mixed. In winter, such an amount of outside air is usually not required for moisture assimilation, therefore, to ensure the necessary mobility, a ventilation unit with a mixing chamber is used (in it, outside and inside air are mixed in a given proportion and supplied to the room). Note also that when choosing the location of the air diffusers, it should be borne in mind that the air flow should pass along cold surfaces (usually vertically along the windows), but at the same time there should be no drafts in the bathing area, since this not only creates discomfort for the pool visitors, but also significantly enhances moisture evaporation.

More details about the parameters of the air environment and the rules for designing ventilation systems in the pool room can be found in the already mentioned recommendations of ABOK 7.5-2012.

Pool ventilation system selection

For ventilation of the pool, you can successfully use ventilation units of various configurations, the cost of which may differ several times. The simplest and most inexpensive option is a conventional air handling unit and an exhaust fan synchronized with it in terms of rotation speed. The reduction of humidity is carried out by an autonomous air dryer (in summer, moisture assimilation by the outside air is not always possible). The disadvantage of such a system is high energy consumption, for example, for a pool with a water surface of 20 m², an air flow of 600-800 m³ / h will be required, which will mean a consumption of about 13 kWh in winter. Reducing energy consumption several times allows modern specialized supply and exhaust units, but such a ventilation system will cost more. Energy saving is provided not only by multi-stage recuperation systems (several cascades of a plate recuperator + heat pump / air dryer), but also by flexibly changeable system settings depending on the outdoor air parameters and the selected operating mode. Even with relatively low gas and electricity prices, the cost of ownership (start-up + operation) of a modern supply and exhaust ventilation system is likely to be lower than an inexpensive once-through system. Note that the cost of the air handling unit may increase due to additional functions such as cooling the air or heating the pool water with excess heat generated when the chiller is operating in dehumidification mode.

Can conventional ventilation units be used for pool ventilation? If this supply system, into which only outside air enters, then there is not much difference. However, air handling units and air handling units with a mixing chamber must have anti-corrosion protection of heat exchangers, since the transport of warm and humid air can lead to corrosion of untreated metal surfaces... So, for example, a plate recuperator must be made of an inert material such as polypropylene, but if a traditional recuperator made of aluminum is used, then it, like other heat exchangers (water heater, evaporator, condenser), must have a special anti-corrosion protection.

Air handling unit operating modes

In modern specialized air handling units with a digital automation system, all operating modes are set up once during commissioning. In the future, the user does not need to change anything in the system settings: to control it, it will be enough for him to switch between the working and standby modes of operation (this can be done both from the remote control or use a conventional switch for this purpose).

If a ventilation unit with a simplified automation system or a model not designed for these purposes is used for ventilation of the pool, then the user will have to independently control the fan speed and the heater operation mode, set the air humidity depending on the season, and change other settings. And such a ventilation system, due to sub-optimal settings, most likely, will not allow maintaining a comfortable microclimate with the lowest possible energy consumption.

Specialized models of air handling units for swimming pools operate in two main modes:

• Work mode(may also be called Day Mode). In this mode, the ventilation unit operates during the operation of the pool, when there are people in the room, while a predetermined amount of outdoor air is constantly supplied to the room (not lower than the sanitary standard). Dehumidification can be carried out both by assimilation of moisture with outside air, and in a combined way (assimilation + condensation dehumidification of air). In the second case, the power consumption will be lower.
• Standby mode(may also be called Night Mode). In this mode, the ventilation unit operates when there are no people in the room. Outside air is not supplied to the room, the ventilation unit operates in recirculation mode (this saves energy without wasting it on heating the outside air). At the same time, the automation constantly monitors the air humidity and, when it rises above the set level, turns on the compressor of the refrigeration circuit for condensation dehumidification (if the air handling unit has a dehumidifier), or supplies outside air to assimilate moisture (if there is no dehumidifier). The air handling unit can have an adjustable ventilation mode in Standby mode - once a day fresh air is briefly supplied to the room so that unpleasant odors do not accumulate there.

Some models have emergency mode work. If an integrated or stand-alone dehumidifier malfunctions and the air humidity rises above a critical level, the outside air supply is increased to assimilate the moisture.

For more details on each mode of operation and the features of the equipment, see the documentation on the manufacturers' websites.

Variants of technical solutions for pool ventilation

Above, we have already briefly talked about the differences between conventional ventilation units and specialized models designed for organizing pool ventilation. Now we will consider in more detail the technical solutions applied in practice based on various equipment.

1. Supply and exhaust unit, autonomous air dryer.

This is one of the simplest and most inexpensive options. The supply and exhaust units maintain the supply of fresh air required by sanitary standards in the room, and also provide the required vacuum. The air humidity is maintained by a separate (autonomous) wall-mounted dehumidifier, which also creates the necessary air mobility: the dehumidifier fan runs continuously, and the compressor is turned on by a command from the hygrostat when the air humidity exceeds the set value. In Standby mode, ventilation is not needed and should be turned off to save energy.

If in the region where the pool is located, the outdoor air temperature can exceed the indoor air temperature for a long time, then you will need to use an air supply unit with a freon cooler, working in conjunction with KKB.

The advantage of the considered option is only the possibility of using common non-specialized equipment. He has a lot of disadvantages:

• Inconvenient control: you need to set parameters on two independent systems(ventilation and dehumidifier).
• A wall dehumidifier located in the pool room degrades the design of the room and makes a lot of noise when the compressor is running.
• Problems with the organization of uniform distribution of air throughout the pool room, because air mobility is provided by a flow coming out of one point (a wall-mounted dehumidifier does not allow connecting air ducts to it to distribute the air flow).
• High energy consumption due to lack of heat recovery.

It should be noted that before the advent of wall-mounted dehumidifiers, humidity was reduced only due to the assimilation of moisture by the outside air: the system described here was used in the pools, only without a dehumidifier. A serious drawback of such a system was the need to provide air mobility with supply air, which led to colossal energy losses during the cold season. If the performance of the air handling unit is reduced to a sanitary standard, then there is a high risk of condensation on the windows and in the corners of the room, where the air does not mix well. Below, in the table with the results of energy consumption calculations, the option without a dehumidifier is shown at number 0 to demonstrate the economic inexpediency of such a solution.

Is it possible to do without an expensive dehumidifier if climatic conditions allow moisture to be assimilated by supply air? Yes, for this it is enough to use a supply unit with a mixing chamber, as in the next version.

2. Supply unit with a mixing chamber, exhaust unit, autonomous air dryer.

If the supply unit is equipped with a mixing chamber, where the outside and recirculated air will be mixed in a given proportion, the required air mobility can be provided by the ventilation system, and the dehumidifier will only be needed to reduce the air humidity in the summer, when the moisture content of the outside air becomes too high. So we got rid of the problem with uniform air distribution: a mixture of supply and recirculated air supplied through distributors located throughout the room.

If in the region where the pool is located, there are no periods (or they are very short) when the high moisture content of the outside air does not allow the air humidity to be reduced by assimilation, then the air dehumidifier may not be installed. This will significantly reduce the overall cost of the system. And on those days when it is too hot and humid outside, you simply should not use the pool (the surface of the water should be covered with a film to reduce moisture evaporation).

3. Duct dehumidifier with outside air admixture, exhaust unit.

The reason for most of the disadvantages of the first two options was the use of a stand-alone air dryer. If, instead of it, a duct dryer with a heater and the possibility of mixing outside air is installed, then the supply unit can be abandoned: all processing of the supply air will take place in the duct dryer. This option can already be recommended for use in small private pools, since in terms of cost it is about the same as the first two options, but at the same time it is devoid of all their disadvantages, except for high energy consumption, which remains exactly the same. Indeed, the entire system is controlled from one control panel, and the noise from the equipment will not be heard if the dehumidifier is located in a separate room.

4. PVU with dryer / heat pump.

If we combine the duct dryer from the previous version with an air handling unit, we get an air handling unit with a dryer that can work as a heat pump, giving about a 3-fold increase in energy consumption. This possibility appears when the condenser of the dryer is located in the exhaust duct, and the evaporator in the supply duct. A stream of warm air heats up the condenser, the compressor transfers the heat to the evaporator, which heats up the supply air. At the same time, dehumidification still works: when the humid air is cooled, moisture condensation occurs on the evaporator (for more details about the operation of the chiller, see the section)

Other important advantage- the use of one unit for processing both inlet and outlet streams. This not only makes it easier to balance the speed of the supply and extract fans to maintain the required vacuum, but also allows the flexibility to change the operating modes of all components to achieve maximum comfort and energy efficiency. In the PVU, the possibility of scenario control is usually implemented, when the switching of operating modes is performed by a timer, the modes of Airing, cascade regulation and others are supported. In addition, it is optionally possible to use a chiller to cool the supply air.

5. PVU with recuperator and dryer / heat pump.

The previous option is almost ideal, but a heat pump is used to heat the air, which needs electricity to operate. And in most regions of Russia it is several times more profitable to be heated with gas than with electricity. If in order to obtain a certain amount of heat when using a gas boiler you need to pay 3-4 times less than when using an electric heater, then the advantage heat pump is lost and heating the air becomes more economically profitable with a water heater (a heat pump generates heat from 2 to 5 times more than it consumes electricity, the exact value depends on the equipment used and the outdoor temperature - the lower it is, the lower the COP). In this case, we recommend using a PVU with a plate recuperator, which saves heat and does not consume electricity. And the compressor of the dehumidifier is turned on only when it is necessary to reduce the humidity of the air or to cool it.

Note that if the pool is located in a region with a cold climate, where the air can be effectively dried by assimilating moisture in the summer, then a dehumidifier becomes unnecessary, and it can be abandoned to reduce the cost of the system. Then, it would be optimal to use a specialized PVU with a plate recuperator without a dryer.

Specialized PVUs are usually equipped with all the necessary sensors for condition monitoring environment, which allows them to maintain the specified air parameters with maximum energy efficiency. As part of this review, we cannot tell you in detail about all the possibilities of a PVU for swimming pools, but this information is in the documentation on the manufacturers' websites.

Summary table with the advantages and disadvantages of various technical solutions

Calculation of energy consumption of various technical solutions

When describing all the options, we talked about energy efficiency - one of the critical indicators pool ventilation systems. For clarity, we have determined the energy consumption for each option in the winter using the example of a small private pool with a water surface of 14 m² and tabulated these data. We have calculated the required power to heat the outside air to the set temperature, as well as the total power, which includes the power of the pool heating system (the total power is determined by the temperature and humidity of the exhaust air). The difference between these two parameters is explained by the fact that the supplied air has practically zero moisture content, therefore, first (inside the ventilation unit) energy is spent on heating dry air, and then on humidifying it during the evaporation of water from the pool (energy comes from the water heating and heating system ). Note that ventilation usually operates in the mode of maintaining a given temperature at the outlet of the supply channel (for this option, the calculations were carried out). However, the ventilation system can perform the heating function and operate in the mode of maintaining the set temperature in the room (cascade control mode), then the consumed power for heating will be higher than indicated in the table, but the total power will not change. The table also shows the total standby power when the pool is not in use.

So, the initial data:

• Air consumption for organizing the necessary air mobility: 700 m³ / h.
• Air consumption according to sanitary standards (2 persons): 160 m³ / h.
• Desiccant capacity required: 2 kg / h.
• Indoor temperature and humidity: 30 ° C and 45%.
• Outside air temperature and humidity (for Moscow): -28 ° С and 84%.
• The surface of the water is covered with a film when the pool is not in use.

Table with the results of calculating the required power for various technical solutions

Regions with cold and hot climates

In regions with very cold or hot and humid climates for effective work equipment may require additional options:

• If the air temperature drops below -20 ° C for a long time, an additional preheater may be required.
• Where it is hot and humid in summer, such as Sochi, options for cooling the supply air will be useful. For these purposes, various technical solutions can be used: a cooler with an external KKB, a dehumidifier (refrigeration machine) with a remote condenser, and others.

Air handling unit
with heat pump (air dryer)

For ventilation of the pool premises, both specialized equipment and conventional air handling units are used. In the second case, it is possible to significantly reduce the cost of the system, but operating the pool without a dehumidifier is risky, since the condensate that has formed can damage the decoration of the room.

An inexpensive system can be assembled according to option 2: supply unit + mixing chamber, exhaust unit and, optionally, an autonomous air dryer. This system can be installed in stages: first install the ventilation system, and then, after the start of operation, decide whether a dehumidifier is needed. The supply unit can be any, but it is better to use a model with a built-in mixing chamber and an adjustable supply of outside air, for example, Breezart pool mix... The choice of an autonomous dehumidifier is not difficult; among the popular brands, one can single out DanVex, Dantherm, Cotes, Microwell.

If you are determined to use a dehumidifier, then instead of the previous solution, it is better to choose option No. 3 based on a duct dehumidifier - this will already be a specialized model with outside air admixture, intended for use in pool premises. Duct dehumidifiers for swimming pools produce Dantherm(CDP series), Calorex(Variheat series), Breezart(Pool DH series), Aerial other.

Pool ventilation solves 3 problems: it supplies air for breathing, removes moisture and odors.A dehumidifier only removes moisture, and the air remains stale. But:

A dehumidifier for a pool with a mirror of 15 m 2 will cost less than ventilation.
It's all about the starting price. The initial cost of any adequate ventilation system: 300,000 rubles. "Full construction". A dehumidifier for a pool of 15 m 2 - the same Danvex DEH-600 will cost less - 170,000 rubles. Profitable!

Ventilation in a pool with a water surface> 25 m 2 will be cheaper and more efficient than a dehumidifier. If the water mirror is less than 25 m 2, install a dehumidifier.

How can moisture be removed by ventilation? Principle of operation

We simply purge the pool area with an increased volume of air. If breathing in a pool requires 80 m 3 / h of air per 1 person, then about 4 times more to remove moisture. The cost of ventilation units and installation works from this it changes insignificantly.

The supply unit takes dry air from the street, heats it up and delivers it to the pool. Exhaust system removes wet air right above the pool bowl.

Ventilation units for swimming pools operate in 2 modes - Summer and Winter.

Summer. In summer, the air outside is warm and humid, therefore it is supplied to the pool room without heating. The moisture content in summer is very high - 12.8 g / kg. Therefore, in order to remove moisture from the pool with the already humid outdoor air, it is necessary to blow the pool room with a large volume of air, i.e. take not quality, but quantity.

Winter. The situation is reversed. The air outside is cold and needs to be heated to supply it to the pool, but the main thing is that it is very dry. Its moisture content is only 0.39 g / kg, i.e. v 32 times drier than air in summer, which means that the amount of such air to drain the pool is several times less.

For example, to dehumidify the air by ventilation in a pool with a water area of ​​25 m 2, in the summer you need about 3000 m 3 / h of air, and in the winter - only 400 m 7.5 times smaller.

Dehumidifiers do not take into account the seasonality and work the same in summer and winter.

How much does a turnkey pool ventilation cost?

The company is given different prices.
In the table below, I have given the optimal market value. I am a designer and make money from designing. I post the prices not for the purpose of putting pressure on the installation companies, but for the purpose of my Customers understanding the order of prices.

The fact is that the cost of supply and exhaust installations practically does not depend on the size of the pool. The main price tag lies in the branching of the duct network and the cost of installation work.

There are more than 20 brands of ventilation equipment on the market with different prices. The table shows the most simple and effective pool ventilation system based on NED and Breezart equipment. Without a project, you will not be able to find out the exact cost, and installers will not be able to assemble the system.

You can order a project or consult me ​​+ 7-963-729-71-20.

Project cost from 25,000 to 36,000 rubles.

CComparison with dryers: in pools with a water surface of 25 m 2, the dehumidifier is only 20% cheaper than the ventilation system. And in pools with a mirror of 35 m 2 or more - the cost of a dehumidifier and ventilation is the same.

Pool ventilation rates

Main standard for pools SP 310.1325800.2017

I will consider the most important requirements:

1. In room all year round you need to maintain 30 o C since people walk around naked, so the supply air temperature is calculated not at 23 ° C, as in ordinary rooms, but at 30 ° C.

2. Relative air humidity no more than 55-65%. In the pools in wooden houses air humidity should be no more than 45%. A change in humidity of at least 5% requires a change in air volumes by 35%, therefore, humidity for calculating pool ventilation is the most important indicator.

3. Air mobility 0.2 m / s. Therefore, there are always very large ventilation grilles in the pool. The speed of the bars should be kept to a minimum so that people do not catch cold.

4. The hoods are larger than the inflow. In the halls for swimming pools, the supply air volume is 10% more than the extract air volume. This is done so that humid air does not escape into adjacent rooms.

In details regulatory requirements I made out in this article.

How much air is needed to ventilate the pool?

The air consumption for ventilation of the pool is calculated depending on the moisture release i.e. the amount of moisture released from the water mirror.

The amount of excess moisture depends on the region of construction, the presence of a dehumidifier, the area of ​​the bowl (area of ​​the water surface), the coefficient of evaporation rate (Δßb). Amusement rides have a serious impact on air consumption: water slides, counterflow, massager, underwater jets, fountains and geysers.

Pool ventilation calculation

I will analyze the calculation of ventilation using the example of a pool of 23 m 2

As you can see, the air volume for the same pool is 23 m 2 for different conditions different, so online calculators cannot take into account all indicators and count with a margin. For example, a counterflow system in a pool increases the size of ventilation equipment by 33%, and installing a water slide by 50%!

For an accurate calculation of your pool, I advise you to develop a ventilation project and do not spare 25-40 thousand rubles. You can order a pool ventilation project on my page .

For design, you will need architectural plans in DWG (AutoCAD).

There is a picture on the Internet where air is supplied to the pool from the floor, and there is a ventilation unit on the technical floor. I have to explain to my Customers that in practice it is impossible to do this:

It is impossible to punch holes of such a size so that the air speed from them is less than 0.5 m / s, and at a higher speed there will be drafts and discomfort.
The air consumption in the pool is very high - you will have to punch 5-6 holes 600x100 in the floor slab on which the bowl rests. Quite problematic.
Heating convectors and piping are located in the window area. We'll have to order convectors individual production that is long and expensive.

Eventually: in private pools, such a scheme is abandoned in 90% of cases. In commercial swimming pools, this type of air supply is often used, but it is envisaged at the structural stage of the building, where the bowl is a separate monolith.

Private pool ventilation schemes

All microclimate maintenance schemes are reduced to a combination of ventilation and a dehumidifier. This is the combined dehumidification method.

There are 3 options:

Supply and exhaust units (separate);
supply and exhaust unit (single) with a bypass channel;
air handling unit (single unit) with a recuperator.

All 3 options are combined with a dehumidifier and we get 3 more schemes:

Supply and exhaust units (separate) with a dehumidifier;
air handling unit (single unit) with a bypass channel and a dehumidifier;
air handling unit (single unit) with a recuperator and a dehumidifier.

Let's figure it out, but looking ahead I'll say:

The correct ventilation and dehumidification scheme for a private pool is only one. The very first. Dehumidifiers are expensive and stupid. And recuperation and bypass are only suitable for large commercial pools..

Let's analyze each equipment in order, and everything will become clear.

Recuperator for the pool. Why not needed?

A recuperator is a section in an air handling unit that saves 50% of heat for heating the supply air in winter.

It is cold outside in winter, so you need to heat it up to supply air to the pool. It can be heated with water or electricity, but this is always an additional cost. The customer wants to save on operating costs and is doing the right thing, but a recuperator is not needed in the pools and is even harmful.

That's why:

In winter, the air outside is cold, but very dry, so very little is needed to drain the pool - 7 times less than in summer. It remains only to heat up. As a result, the volume of air for draining the pool in winter is very scanty, from 350 to 500 m 3 / h, and a minimum of 1500 m 3 / h is required for the payback of the recuperator.

The recuperator is needed in pools with a water table of at least 80 m 2.

In winter, the air handling unit will reduce the speed, and the air heater will operate at a minimum. It turns out that there is simply nothing to save.In the summer, the unit will increase the air supply, but the heater will not work.

With the installation of a recuperator in the pool, we get a big problem.

The recuperator in the pool is constantly freezing and condensation flows.
Due to the fact that the exhaust air is humid, and the supply air from the street is very cold, the walls of the recuperator are very cooled. The humid extract air condenses on the cold walls of the recuperator i.e. moisture falls out of the air. As a result, in autumn and spring, condensate constantly flows from the installation. And when cold weather sets in, the moisture on the walls of the recuperator freezes and the equipment constantly turns on the defrost mode.

Output: The recuperator in the ventilation of the pool is simply not needed. The supply air volume in winter is too small to save heat, and the extract air is too humid, which will lead to condensation on the walls of the recuperator and subsequent freezing.

If you really want to conserve heat in your ventilation system, consider louvers to cover your water mirror outside of business hours. So you can reduce the moisture release of the pool, and therefore reduce the air volume and consumption of the ventilation system by 70%.

Swimming pool ventilation unit

For swimming pools, we use conventional separate supply and exhaust units. In this case, we have the opportunity to more flexibly approach the placement of equipment. Separate units take up significantly less space than systems with a recuperator. Can be located in different rooms for example in the attic, in the basement and even in the suspended ceiling of the pool itself. The air handling unit, operating in 2 modes, delivers 3000 m 3 / h in summer, and heats up and supplies only 400 m 3 / h in winter. The extraction unit throws humid air outside, and the heating cable on the outdoor grilles protects them from icicles.

This is the simplest and most efficient scheme ventilation.
To heat 400 m 3 / h of air, you need only 7.5 kW of thermal energy from the boiler (not to be confused with electricity consumption) and this is at -25 ° C outside.

Swimming pool ventilation equipment suppliers have a tough time.

The companies Svegon and Menerga offer air handling units for swimming pools from 600,000 rubles. 100% of private pools do not need them, and 90% of commercial pools use 2 separate units, one with a dehumidifier and the other without.

In projects for swimming pools in private houses, we use conventional supply and exhaust units from NED, Breezart, Systemair, Ventmachine. We design suspended, channel-type installations in a sound-insulated casing with complete set automation.

Swimming pool ventilation design

You can order a pool ventilation project from me. The cost of the project for any private pools is from 25 thousand rubles. up to 36 thousand rubles I can come to the site and agree with you on an approximate scheme. We will need to decide on the location of the equipment, the brand of equipment, the places of intake and exhaust of air on the facades or roof.

In a project I am doing:
- aerodynamic calculation of the system,
- calculation of moisture from the pool according to the ABOK method;
- calculation of the pool air exchange.

Pool ventilation project composition:

I design strictly in accordance with GOST 21.602-2016, and I perform pool calculations according to the methodology of R NP AVOK 7.5-2012.

The composition of the project is standard:
- Total information,
- plans of the ventilation system indicating the dimensions of the air ducts, grilles, equipment brands and characteristics,
- ventilation systems diagrams; WhatssApp

When deciding to build a pool, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting a comfortable stay in the room. To correctly calculate the ventilation systems of the pool, you will need to study all the equipment and structures in the complex. Namely: the area of ​​the mirror, the location of the water treatment systems, door and window openings, the type of bowl (skimmer, overflow, etc.), the structure of the room (wood, concrete, brick), the presence of adjoining premises (bath, sauna, hammam, etc.), Availability basement for supplying the inlet backwater, the presence of a drainage system, etc.

Competent calculation of the ventilation system, installation of the necessary equipment, setting up its functioning is an important factor affecting the creation of a comfortable microclimate in the room. Lack of attention to these details leads to unpleasant consequences.

An example of overflow basin water treatment

Swimming pool microclimate

The ventilation device of the pool is an extremely important factor in creating a comfortable microclimate for humans. The lack of a high-quality ventilation system leads to the rapid spread of mold and mildew, and the accumulation of a large number of microorganisms in the air leads to various diseases.

High humidity in an enclosed pool area leads to metal corrosion and decay wooden structures, the destruction of the finish and walls by the fungus

The humidity in the pool room should be at the level of 50-60%, in this case, a moderate level of moisture evaporation from the water surface is achieved, which affects the comfort conditions in the room. At a given humidity and air temperature of 28-30 ° C (typical temperature for pool premises), dew will form at 16-21 ° C. This is noticeably higher than for ordinary rooms, in which the air temperature is at 24 ° C, humidity is 50%, and the dew point is at 13 ° C. For indoor swimming pools, the excess of the moisture content of the air is considered the norm.

• The water in the pool is within 24-28 ° С.
• The air in the pool room should be 2-3 ° C higher than the water temperature. When the air temperature drops, there is a risk of colds. When the humidity rises, a feeling of stuffiness may occur. It is also not recommended to lower the air temperature at night in order to save energy, as the heat consumption increases.
• To avoid drafts, the recommended air speed should be within the range of 0.15–0.3 m / s.

All these and many other conditions are taken into account in the design, and solutions are proposed to reduce moisture condensation on the ceiling and walls. The complexity of the situation is that when people, for example, do not use the pool at night, the heat and humidity do not disappear anywhere. The pool cannot be turned off at night. The only way to reduce the amount of fumes is to use water surface coatings, but these devices are short-lived and rarely used.

Upon reaching the level of 80–90% humidity at a temperature of 29–30 ° C, there is a risk of exacerbation of chronic diseases, a sharp deterioration in health. Therefore, with a correctly calculated and designed ventilation scheme for a private pool, excess moisture is removed from the air, it is cleaned due to intensive air exchange, but it does not dry out.

Dehumidification to required parameters carried out by dehumidifiers, according to the parameters of moisture release. Dehumidifiers are monoblock and built into the ventilation system (at).

An example of calculating the evaporation of water from the pool per day

Initial data:

• The size of the mirror is 4.2 × 14 m.
• indoor air temperature +28 ° C;
• pool water temperature +26 ° C;
• relative humidity 60%.

1. The surface area of ​​the pool is 58.8 m².
2. The pool is used for bathing 1.5 hours a day.
3. The evaporation of water during bathing will be 270 grams / m² / hour x 58.8 m² x 1.5 hours = 23 814 grams.
4. Evaporation at rest for the remaining 22.5 hours will be 20 grams / m² / h x 58.8 m² x 22.5 hours = 26,460 grams.
5. Total per day: 23,814 grams + 26,460 grams / 1,000 = 50.28 kilograms of water per day.

Ventilation design rules

The ventilation system installed in the pool must be self-contained and independent of the ventilation of the rest of the house. If the ventilation of the house must ensure the flow of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air masses, then the ventilation of the pools, in addition to these functions, must maintain the relative humidity of the atmosphere within the established norms.

The classic version of ventilation of the pool in a private house of a small mirror

During the construction of the pool, the project is developed individually. The main requirement is to ensure the safety and comfortable stay of people inside the premises.

In order for ventilation units for swimming pools to work effectively, it is necessary to design their installation taking into account:

• The size of the room.
• The number of people using the pool.
• The area of ​​the water surface of the pool.
• Air and water temperature requirements.
• The rate of evaporation of water, which depends on its temperature. The warmer the water, the faster it evaporates.

Taking these parameters into account, the appropriate power of supply and exhaust ventilation for the pool is selected. If the equipment is chosen incorrectly, this will lead to an imbalance between air humidity and temperature. This will contribute to the settling of condensate and create an unfavorable atmosphere for human health.

Pool ventilation scheme

The calculation of ventilation in the pool is based on two features:

1. Heated humid air currents rush upward.
2. Condensation forms on all cool and damp surfaces.

Ventilation equipment is installed in any convenient way: on the walls, on top of the pool, under its bowl or around it. Often, supply ventilation is located around the pool or on both sides so that the exhaust air rises faster to the hood.

The air handling unit must operate in such a way that the volume of air it removes is equal to the volume of the supply air masses. Thanks to this functioning, drafts will not occur that violate a comfortable microclimate. Supply ventilation is recommended to be installed under windows, air is supplied from the basement room through slotted floor grilles. Such placement of ventilation ducts will prevent the formation of condensation on the glass. Exhaust ventilation ducts are mounted in the middle of the mirror under the ceiling where moisture and heat are collected, without approaching the inflow, so that the recirculation of air masses is more efficient.

Example of a swimming pool ventilation project

Ventilation calculation

To design the right ventilation system, professionals recommend dividing the installation process into several steps:

1. Selection of equipment and materials for the installation of the ventilation system. At the same stage, you should decide on the choice good specialist who will do the job.
2. Creation of a working project, design of a circuit for installation with the device of the necessary technological holes.
3. Creation executive documentation including drawings, instructions for installed equipment.

Determination of ventilation capacity and air heater power depending on the surface area of ​​the pool

You can give an example of calculating the ventilation of the pool:

• For the initial data, the values ​​of the temperature of the working area of ​​the room, the water in the pool bowl, the humidity level, the area of ​​the bowl, as well as the average daily temperature and humidity are taken.
• Air exchange is calculated for the number of people who use the room. The air exchange rate is calculated by the formula: the evaporation rate is divided by specific gravity air, which is multiplied by the difference in humidity indicators outside and inside the room. For 1 person it is 80 m³ / h, therefore, for 10 users this figure will be 800 m³ / h.
• The supply air flow rate is determined to maintain the optimum humidity level (for example, in the initial data it is equal to 60%). It is compared with the air exchange rate shown above. The larger of these values ​​is selected.
• The level of heat gain and loss is determined. Heat comes from the lighting inside the swimmers' premises, the attached premises (bath, sauna, hamam), the density of bypass paths, doorways and window openings... Heat loss occurs when the reservoir is heated.
• Then the amount of evaporation from the surface of the reservoir is calculated. The coefficient of evaporation is determined.

Having calculated all the indicators, we can conclude how many degrees the incoming air should be cooled or heated in order to maintain a balance with the temperature inside the room.

Optimum humidity level

A comfortable level of air humidity in the pool should not exceed 65%. To lower the humidity to the optimum level, you can use a dehumidifier, supply and exhaust ventilation, or both. For dehumidification of air, two methods are used: condensation and assimilation:

1. Condensation is a method in which air is forced through a dehumidifier where its temperature reaches the dew point. After moisture condensation, the air heats up and returns to the room. At the same time, thermal insulation of all air ducts is necessary to prevent condensation from draining inside the room. Often, the ventilation of the pool in a cottage with such an installation is equipped with a hygrostat that starts the compressor when the humidity reaches a certain level. When the humidity drops, the compressor will automatically shut off. At the same time, the fan continues to run. There are three types of condensation dryers: wall-mounted, hidden, stationary. The latter type requires a separate room or is built into the supply and exhaust system.
2. The operation of supply and exhaust devices according to the principle of assimilation is based on the property of air to absorb water vapor. The assimilation method has the advantage of effectively purifying the air, but there are two disadvantages. The first is related to the dependence on the weather: when high level atmospheric humidity, the air entering the pool room does not absorb moisture. The second disadvantage is that the supply air must be heated.

Evaporation rate of water from the pool surface (liters / square meter per hour)

Experts consider a combined method of dehumidification using a forced installation and a dehumidifier to be the best option for maintaining the required level of humidity in the pool room. However, this method is effective only for small volumes of the bowl, and requires careful calculation, otherwise problems may arise with the solution of the issue (equipment failure, inexperienced system connection, etc.).

Ways to maintain optimal air temperature

The air temperature in the pool must be above atmospheric. Heating systems are often used for this: the supply air is heated to a temperature that is maintained by the heating system using appropriate sensors, which increases the cost of the project. This method is best used as an addition to the main heating system. Most effective way maintaining optimal temperature air in the pool is a supply and exhaust system with a heat recuperator. It removes heat from the extract air (35–40%) and transfers it to the cold supply air through filtered systems. It should be remembered that the return air heat is insufficient, and in any case it is necessary to install additional heating (electric heater, water heater).

Summing up, it should be noted: to create a favorable microclimate inside the pool, it is necessary to complete a complex process of calculations, design, installation of ventilation systems. But the efficiency of the ventilation system is influenced by many factors, between which a certain balance must be observed, corresponding to the norms of air exchange, the optimal level of humidity, and air temperature.

This process requires a professional approach to the ventilation system for rooms with a pool:

• The multiplicity of supply and exhaust ventilation is calculated based on specific individual conditions.
• The dehumidifier is selected according to the parameters indicated above.
• The presence of a specialist is obligatory.

The pool area is very specific due to the presence of a large amount of water vapor. Moisture condenses on a surface with a lower temperature, as a result of which the processes of corrosion, decay and the formation of fungus begin. In the room with the pool, the windows fog up, moisture accumulates on the objects located there. Eliminates all these inconveniences high quality ventilation premises with a swimming pool.

What is swimming pool ventilation for?

The characteristics of the water and air in the room with the pool favor the evaporation of water from the bowl; this process cannot be stopped. Moisture settles on interior items and various structural elements, which leads to their deterioration. A well-designed and installed ventilation system will remove all air vapors from the room.

The second negative factor from water vapor is the discomfort of people in the pool. Humid air has a negative effect on the respiratory system and psychological well-being. The third factor is damage to the electrical equipment in the pool. Even glass-covered ceiling lamps suffer.

Ventilation systems are equipped with air dehumidifiers for the best effect. Among all types of ventilation systems, the two most common are distinguished:

• Supply and exhaust with heat recovery
• With separation of air inflow and outflow.

Supply and exhaust ventilation system with heat recovery

This type of exhaust system works in one unit. At the stage of purchasing all the necessary materials this system requires high costs, but during operation it is more economical than flow ventilation. Benefits of using:

• Does not require much space for installation. All components are located in one unit, and therefore occupy a smaller area than ventilation with separated elements. Ideal for small pools and therefore often used in private houses.
• During operation, the unit has reduced energy consumption due to the presence of a recuperator. This device saves up to 50-70% energy, since the supply air is heated by the extracted gas, but does not mix with it. That is, the temperature in the room is kept at the same level due to its own heat reserve. Thereby required power the used motor is reduced by 2-2.5 times.

The ventilation system of the supply and exhaust type pool contains the following elements:

• Supply and exhaust fan.
• Filter for cleaning incoming air.
• Double valve that blocks the cold air passage during system shutdown.
• Heat recuperator.
• Inlet air heater.

Supply and exhaust ventilation a pool with a heat recuperator, in some cases, is equipped with an automated regulator of indicators of the amount of water vapor and temperature. Also, in addition, devices are installed that distribute heated air to other rooms and an air dryer.

Ventilation with separation of air inlet and outlet

This system is separate, air inlet and outlet are produced by different ventilation system elements. The equipment in this case is cheaper than for the first type of ventilation, but during operation it will require high costs. Also, separate ventilation has a rather large size and is not so convenient for use in small rooms.

Through-flow ventilation of the pool is characterized by a separate supply of fresh air to the room with the simultaneous removal of already humidified air to the outside. Equipment of this type of ventilation takes place at the stage of general construction work for the construction of the pool. Its main element is a fan built into the exhaust ducts. Air inflow is carried out using the following equipment:

• An air intake device equipped with a valve that prevents cold flow into the room during system shutdown.
• Filter for cleaning incoming air.
• Inlet air heater.
• Air injection fan.
• Control unit for maintaining the temperature level and volume of the incoming air.

Ventilation automation

The automated system exercises full control over the ventilation system and regulates its functions. The work performed by the automated system:

• Keeps the humidity and air temperature at a given level, as well as the performance of the ventilation system itself.
• At specified intervals, it enables or disables individual structural elements of the system or the whole of it.

• Notifies about arising emergency situations and system malfunctions.
• Traces the sequence of all operations in the system.
• Provides protection of the system as a whole and its individual components, protects water heaters from freezing moisture in them, voltage drop, etc.
• Connects ventilation with the "smart home" system.

Standards for air parameters in the pool

The ventilation system is matched to certain indicators that are observed in a room with a pool. When creating a safe and pleasant environment in a room, the following numbers are maintained:

• Air humidity not more than 65%.
• The temperature ratio of air and water does not exceed 2 ° C in favor of air.
• The temperature indicator of water is kept up to 32 ° C.
• The gas flow escaping from the ventilation does not exceed a velocity of 0.2 m / s, since higher values ​​create a draft perceptible by the skin.
• The normalized value of air exchange is 80 m3 / h per person in the room. But during design it is allowed to use not this figure, but the calculated value.

The norms allow for the difference in the amount of incoming and outgoing air in the size of half the rate of air exchange in the pool. Here, however, the gas flow rate is taken into account. When calculating the project, the number of decibels of noise in the room is also taken into account, its maximum threshold is 60 dB. Natural ventilation does not create the parameters described above in the pool, therefore the room is necessarily equipped with a mechanized ventilation system.

The nuances of developing a ventilation project

When creating a project for a ventilating structure of any type, the functional characteristics of the structure itself are taken into account, in order to provide it with the specified conditions, and the negative factors affecting the structural elements of the structure. One of the earliest harmful substances is condensation. Its accumulation on the surface of the ventilation shaft will cause corrosion and damage to the equipment. To avoid this, the shaft is insulated or electrically heated valves are used. Also, the ventilation shaft is supplemented with a drip pan for collecting moisture.

Any pool ventilation system of any type and size must be able to operate at a lower capacity in order to save energy during pool downtime. Accordingly, it is necessary to be equipped with a device of increased power so that ventilation can effectively cope with its functions when there are a lot of people in the pool. These additions are optional, but they help to save energy during round-the-clock operation, while the efficiency of the system will not drop. This addition is especially relevant for private houses, in which the equipment is used much less frequently than in public swimming pools.

The most important rule when calculating the project - taking into account the area of ​​the room, calculating the values ​​of the frequency of air exchange and air consumption, the presence of a room heating function. Supply and exhaust ventilation of the pool is multifunctional and solves all problems. It has various structural elements - a filtration system, an air heater and a fan. This causes it to perform all the specified functions. Pool ventilation is installed separately from the main house system. Reduce pool water evaporation by curtains during periods of inactivity.

How to develop a pool ventilation project

As mentioned above, when the ventilation of the pool is designed, the calculation is carried out taking into account the air humidity of 65%, but this value in practice is often reduced by 15-20%. This is due to the tactile sensation high humidity... If the ventilation system is equipped correctly and provides the required humidity, condensation and discomfort are still noticed. As a result, the functional characteristics of ventilation change, while the described phenomena disappear, but the humidity indicator does not correspond to the declared standards.

When calculating the project, air consumption is taken into account. Special formulas and tables help to determine the required air exchange for the existing temperature index and the area of ​​the pool water space.

All indicators that are taken into account when calculating:

• The total size of the body of water.

• The size of all bypass tracks.
• The size of the entire room.
• Average temperature index of outdoor air in winter and summer.
• Water temperature.
• Air temperature in the room itself.
• Average number of pool visitors.
• Taking into account the fact that the streams of warm air tend upward due to the lower mass, it is necessary to take into account the temperature indicator of the air under the ceiling.

When independently calculating a ventilation project for a pool, the following calculations are also carried out:

• Take into account the flow of heat from bathers, external exposure to sunlight, detour paths, lighting, from the water itself.
• The flow of moisture from bathing people, the water surface, from bypass paths is taken into account.
• Air exchange is calculated on the basis of moisture and total heat, the standard air exchange is taken into account.

According to the standard of the Society of German Engineers, air exchange is calculated depending on the area of ​​the water surface, its temperature index, total humidity

air and functional features of the pool. For calculations, the formula is used:

W = exFxPb-PL, kg / h. Here:

• F is the total size of the pool water surface, m2.
• Pb is an indicator of the vapor pressure of water in saturated air, taking into account the temperature indicator of the water in the pool, Bar.
• PL - indicator of water vapor pressure at a given temperature and humidity, bar.

To enter the pressure indicator in kPa, take into account that 1 bar = 98.1 kPa.

e in this formula is the coefficient of evaporation, kg (m2 * hour * bar), determines the functional characteristics of the pool. For different types pools, it is equal to:

• The water surface covered with a film is 0.5.
• Fixed water surface - 5.
• Small construction with a small number of visitors - 15.
• A public structure with an average swimmer activity score of 20.
• Construction for places of active entertainment and recreation - 28.
• Structure equipped with water slides and with the formation of waves - 35

The calculations are guided by the release of moisture during the use of the pool, this creates a margin of safety for the entire system. To calculate the air exchange in the pool, use the formula: mL = GWXB-XN, kg / h, this is the formula for calculating the mass flow. The volumetric flow rate is determined by the formula: L = GWrxXB-XN, kg / h. Here:

• L - volumetric incoming air flow rate, m3 / h.
• mL is the mass flow rate of incoming air, kg / h.
• GW is the volume of all evaporated moisture in the room, g / h.
• XN - moisture content outside the room, g / kg.
• XB - indoor moisture content, g / kg.
• r is an indicator of air density at indoor temperature conditions, kg / m3.

The outdoor moisture content tends to change with the seasons. This change in winter reaches 2-3 g / kg, in summer - 11-12 g / kg. Practitioners are guided by the indicator of 9 g / kg, because the seasonal change this indicator in time is not long. As for the value of XB, it is taken a little more than the calculated one, since the amount of condensate appearing in the summer season is insignificant.

During the installation of ventilation, all air ducts are carefully sealed and thermally insulated. The air flow is not directed to the surface of the water. Small system ventilation is installed between the capital and false ceiling... If a ventilation system is installed in the room, then the use of the air conditioner in it is not recommended.

Any room in which the pool is located is quite specific, mainly due to the abundance of water vapor. As you know, moisture settles in the form of condensation on colder surfaces, as a result of which corrosive processes develop, fungus and rotting appear. In addition, windows fog up in this room, and moisture settles on almost everything that is located there. To avoid such troubles, you need good ventilation of the pool. What it is, what it is for and how it settles down, and will be discussed in today's article.

What is the need for ventilation in swimming pools?

Due to the special characteristics of the air and water in the room where the swimming pond is located, moisture safely evaporates from the bowl, and it is not possible to interfere with this process. Having settled on various kinds of structural elements or simply interior items, moisture inevitably leads to their deterioration. However, if you correctly design and equip the ventilation system, then it will effectively divert all air vapors to the street.

Another disadvantage of the abundance of water vapor in the room is that people who swim in the pool are simply uncomfortable. Moreover, humid air negatively affects the respiratory system, as well as the psychological state of a person in general. And finally, the third reason why ventilation is mandatory in this case is the inevitable deterioration of all electronic equipment in the pool. Tellingly, even glass-protected ceiling lighting devices become unusable.

To make the ventilation system more efficient, it is usually additionally equipped with air dryers. There are many ventilation systems themselves, by the way, but only two are the most popular among them:

• with separation of outflow / inflow of air;
• supply and exhaust (with heat recovery option).

Let's take a closer look at each of the options mentioned.

Option one. Separated air outlet / air supply

This kind of ventilation system is classified as a separate one, in this case air enters and exits through separate system elements. If we talk about cost, the equipment for such ventilation is much cheaper (when compared with the option described in the next paragraph of the article), however, with further operation, it will necessarily require considerable expenses for itself. In addition, the dimensions of the separate ventilation system are quite large, therefore, it is very inconvenient to use it (especially in small rooms).

Note! Forced ventilation the pool has one very important distinctive feature - fresh air in it is supplied to the room separately from the parallel outlet of air, which has managed to be humidified, to the street.

Note also that such ventilation systems are often equipped at the stage of pool construction. The main element in this case is the fan, which is installed in the exhaust ducts.

Speaking specifically about the inflow of fresh air, then it is carried out through the following devices:

• a control unit designed to maintain the volume of supplied air and temperature conditions;
• an air intake device, which has a valve that does not let cold outside air into the room when the system is turned off;
• a fan with which air is pumped;
• a purifying filter required to clean the incoming air;
• a heating device with which this incoming air is heated.

For a more detailed acquaintance with this issue, we recommend watching the thematic video material presented below.

Video - About ventilation in pools

Option two. Supply and exhaust (with heat recovery function)

If we talk about this type of exhaust ventilation system, then it functions in a single unit. Tellingly, such a system will require serious costs even during the purchase of all the equipment required for it, but during further operation you will encounter a pleasant surprise - significant savings(much larger than the one described above).

Let's get acquainted with the main advantages of using such systems.

1. First of all, it doesn't require too much space to install it. All the components necessary for the operation of the system are located in one block, therefore, the whole complex turns out to be very oversized when compared with ventilation, in which the elements are separated. Perfect option for pools, the area of ​​which is insignificant, which means that it is most often used in private country houses.
2. Another advantage is that the system does not consume much electricity during operation, since it (as the name suggests) has a recuperator. Thanks to such a device, it is possible to save from 50 to 40 percent of electricity, since the supply air is heated by the extracted gas, but at the same time it does not mix with it. In other words, the temperature regime in the room is kept at the same level only due to its thermal reserve. And this, in turn, reduces the required power of the applied motor by approximately two or two and a half times.

As for the design supply and exhaust system, then it includes the following important elements:

• heater for air entering inside;
• fan (all the same supply and exhaust);
• thermal recuperator;
• cleaning filter required to clean fresh air;
• the last element is a double valve with which the cold air supply is shut off if the system is shut down.

Note also that the system described above, equipped with a heat recuperator, is quite often equipped with the function of automatic adjustment of temperature indicators, as well as values ​​of the amount of water vapor. Moreover, in addition, this ventilation of the pool can be equipped with devices that distribute heated air to other rooms; another example of a "bonus" device is an air dryer.

What about automated ventilation systems?

Automatic systems are capable of controlling the entire ventilation system, as well as adjusting its functions. Below are the main points that perform automated systems.

1. Direct connection of the ventilation system with the so-called “smart home” system.
2. Maintaining temperature and humidity indicators of the air at the required level, monitoring the performance of the ventilation system itself.
3. Providing protection (both the system as a whole and its individual components), preventing water freezing in water heaters, reducing voltage, and so on.
4. Notification of all malfunctions and emergencies that occur in the system.
5. Tracking the sequence of all operations that occur in the system.

As you can see, there are really many functions, and therefore automated systems fully justify their overestimated cost.

Regulatory Requirements

Any ventilation system must be selected in accordance with certain indicators that must be observed in the premises where the pools are located. If you intend to provide the most secure and comfortable conditions in the said room, you must adhere to some numbers.

• The maximum humidity rating should be 65 percent.
• The air exchange rate, in accordance with regulatory requirements, is 80 cubic meters per hour for each person who is in the room. Although, when drawing up a project, as a rule, they do not start from this indicator, but from the calculated value.
• The maximum difference between the temperature indicators of water and air should be no more than 20 degrees (and exclusively in favor of air).
• The gas flow that leaves the ventilation system should have a speed of no more than 20 meters per second. If the speed is higher, then drafts are formed, perceptible by the skin.
• Finally, the water temperature, in accordance with the same standards, should be less than 32 degrees Celsius.

Note also that regulatory requirements allow for a difference between the volumes of outgoing / incoming air, but not more than? total air exchange rate. Although in this case, you must also take into account the speed with which the gas flow moves. When designing, take into account the fact that the noise level in this room is - it should be a maximum of 60 decibels.

Note! It is quite obvious that the natural ventilation system is unable to provide such indicators in the room, and therefore, if there is a pool, it (the room) must be equipped with forced ventilation.

Features of drafting a ventilation system

If you are drawing up a ventilation system project (regardless of what type it is planned), then you must take into account the functional parameters of the entire structure - this will ensure given conditions; also do not forget about the negative factors affecting structural elements. Perhaps the most important substance that no pool ventilation can do without is condensate. If it accumulates on the walls of the ventilation shaft, it will inevitably lead to corrosive processes, as well as equipment failure. To avoid this, it is necessary to insulate the shaft and install electrically heated valves. In addition, be sure to complete the shaft with a sump into which the accumulated moisture would drain.

Any ventilation system (whatever its size) must be able to operate at a lower capacity in order to save electricity in the event the pool is idle. In turn, you must equip the system with a higher power device so that ventilation can successfully cope with everything when there are a large number of people in the pool. Of course, all these additions are optional, but thanks to them, electricity is saved during continuous operation, but the efficiency of the entire system remains at the same level. This addition is especially relevant for country houses where the equipment is not used as often as, for example, in public swimming pools.

But the most important thing that you should take into account during the design is the area of ​​the room, the presence / absence of heating, air consumption indicators, as well as the frequency of air exchange. As for the supply and exhaust system, it can be considered universal, since it is able to solve all these problems at once. It includes all sorts of structural elements, including fans, filtration devices, or, say, a heater. Therefore, in fact, she successfully copes with all tasks.

Note! The ventilation system of the pool should be set up separately from the general ventilation of the house. Also note that to reduce evaporation of moisture from the bowl, it can be curtained during downtime.

We develop a ventilation system project

As noted earlier, during the design of ventilation, one proceeds from an indicator of air humidity of about 65 percent, but in reality this indicator usually decreases by 15 or even 20. The reason for this is extremely simple - the so-called tactile sensation of humidity. So, if the system is equipped correctly and provides the required humidity, then a feeling of discomfort and condensation can still be noticed. As a result, the functional characteristics of the system are adjusted. The phenomena described above then disappear, but the humidity no longer meets the regulatory requirements.

When drafting a project, also take into account the air consumption. There are many formulas and special tables that are able to help with determining the required air exchange at the current temperature and area of ​​\ u200b \ u200bthe pool.

Here are the main characteristics that should be taken into account during calculations:

• air temperature under the ceiling (due to the fact that warm air weighs less, and therefore always tends upward);
• water area;
• the number of people visiting the pool at the same time (on average);
• general dimensions of bypass paths;
• temperature indicator of air;
• average outdoor temperature in summer / winter;
• temperature indicator of water.

If the ventilation of the pool is designed by you yourself, then be sure to make the calculations below.

1. Determine how much heat comes from people, water in more often, sunlight, lighting fixtures and, in fact, the tracks.
2. Determine how much moisture is coming from bathers, paths, and water.
3. Calculate the air exchange, taking into account the standard indicator.

In accordance with the standards of the German Society of Engineers, the latter must be calculated from the water area, the total humidity and the temperature of the water. In addition, the functional characteristics of the premises must be taken into account. The calculation formula looks like this (in kilograms per hour):

e * F * PB-PL = W.

Let's consider what each of the indicators means:

• F denotes the total water area in square meters;
• PL is the vapor pressure in the case of specified humidity / temperature indicators;
• РВ is all the same steam pressure, only with the given parameters of water in the bowl;
• finally, e is the evaporation rate, which determines the functional features of the design.

The latter indicator depends on the type of pool. So, if the structure is covered with a film, then e will be 0.5; if it has water slides, then 35; if the water is static, then 5; if we are talking about a public pool, then about 20; finally, if the bowl is small and attended by an average number of people, then 15.

Note! Obviously, the humidity outside varies with the particular time of the year. Professionals recommend taking an average value (it is 9 grams per kilogram), since its change with each next season is not too significant.

We also note that directly when arranging the ventilation system, you must insulate and seal each of the air ducts without fail. The air flow should not be directed to the water surface. If the pool ventilation is small, it can be installed between the base and suspended ceilings... Finally, using an air conditioner in a room that already has ventilation is undesirable.

That's all, now you are aware of what ventilation is in such places, how to design and calculate it. Don't forget to watch another themed video. Good luck with your work!

Video - Supply and exhaust ventilation system device