Looking at a bunch of sand brought to the object, two builders will behave in different ways.

The newcomer will throw an indifferent look at it and takes the shovel.

An experienced builder first pulls the sand into a hassle, carefully look at him and flies in his palms. After that, he will lead the verdict: it is suitable in concrete, and it will not go to the plaster and the masonry.

What is the secret construction sandrequiring so attentive assessment? We will analyze this question in more detail.

Physico-mechanical characteristics

Volume weight

It shows a mass of 1 m3 of sand in its natural state (wet, with all impurities). On average, the volumetric weight of this material is from 1500 to 1800 kg.

The composition of the construction sand is assessed by such parameters:

1. Granulometric;
2. Mineral;
3. Chemical.

Granulometric shows the percentage ratio of grains of different size. To determine the sand sieved through calibrated sieve (from 0.16 mm to 10 mm).

Sieve with the size of the holes 5 and 10 mm reveals gravel granules. GOST allows grains with a size of 1 cm. In this case, their number should be not more than 0.5% of total mass Sand.

Granules are larger than 5 mm normal.

1. Maximum content - up to 10% in natural;
2. up to 15% in crushed;
3. up to 5% in enriched sand.

Mineral composition

Chemical composition

He plays important role To determine the suitability of the bulk material in different areas of construction. Red, yellow, and orange shades talk about the presence of oxidized metals. Green I. blue colors Characteristic for river sand, in which aluminum salts are present.

Types of construction sand

The classical definition states that the sand is a mixture of mineral particles (quartz, mica, limestone), formed as a result of natural or artificial destruction of rocks.

"On the shelves" the most important properties Sand folds GOST 8736-93. According to this standard, the sand is divided into two classes:

• I class - very large, then goes the sand of highlands, large, medium and small;
• Class II is a very large, high size, large, medium, small, very small, thin and very thin.

The main difference between these classes is that less high-quality sand (second class) includes three additional fractions. Small dust particles - unwanted component construction solutions. They worsen the relationship between large sand granules that binds cement.

In real production there is no so thin graduation.

Here, the extracted sand is conditionally divided into three fractions:

• 0.5-1 mm - small;
• 1.5-2 mm - medium;
• 2.5-3.5 mm - large.

Sands with a 2-2.5 mm size module go to the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Bulk material with a size of 1.5-2 mm is used for the manufacture of bricks. The smallest sand is used to prepare dry construction mixes.

Taking note of the classification of GOST, we turn to the practical aspects of the origin and use of the construction sand.

According to the type of production distinguish:

• Career;
• River;
• Nautical;
• Quartz (artificial) sand.

Career

The name clearly indicates the origin of the sand. It meets clay and stones, so career material is used limited: for the planning of the site, subfers under concrete tie or foundations.

To improve the properties, the career sand right on the platform is washed with water, freeing it from dust particles and clay. So it turns out an awesome (washed) sand. It is suitable for plastering and masonry solutions. In addition, sieving via sieve can be used to remove clay.

Important practical conclusion: If you are offered to buy career (loose) sand, do not forget to clarify whether it was cleaning (washing, sieving) or not.

The areas of use of mesat (sifted) career sand:

• cement screed, masonry and plaster solutions;
• finishing work;
• brick production;
• fundament device;
• cooking concrete.

River sand

This construction material Harvester extracts from the bottom of the river. There are no clay particles in the river sand and very few stones. This allows without restrictions to use it for concrete works.

It is very valuable that the river sand of the middle size (1.8-2.2 mm) practically does not give a shrinkage. Therefore, it is optimally suitable for masonry and plaster.

Career sand is harder to use in such an area. In the solution, it sits on the bottom and it is necessary to intermittently mix.

River Sand Applications:

• concrete production;
• brick production;
• masonry work and cement screed;
• preparation of asphalt concrete;
• drainage device;
• filler for paints and threads.

The sea sand in its properties is similar to the river. It is also highly appreciated in construction for the high purity and homogeneity of the particle size distribution.

Quartz sand

This material is obtained as a result of mechanical crushing of quartz-containing rocks. It is homogeneous in structure, chemically inert and clean.

The main sphere of application of this type of sand is the industry of building materials. It goes in dry building mixes, silicate brickBlocks and concrete is used to prepare grinding compositions. Landscape design, expensive interior and facade plasters Also does not do without quartz sand.

Unambiguously answer the question of which sand is better impossibleSince each material is intended for certain types of work.

Nevertheless, the main conclusions are already obvious:

• for brick and large-boring masonry, it is better to take river sand. If you mix it with a small amount of non-career sand, then the solution will become more plastic (due to clay particles);
• for concrete, a large or medium river sand is suitable (it is possible to add a little small washed career sand);
• for plaster better suitable My-made career sand with a small addition of river or without it.

Approximate prices

It is obvious that the cost of sand is higher, the more manipulations had to do with it during mining and cleaning.

The cheapest is a career unwitched and not seeded. Its price per cube ranges from 300 to 400 rubles. Purified by water or sieving carer sand for construction work It will cost 550 to 700 rubles per 1 m3 with delivery.

River sand is significantly expensive than a career. Its price starts with 750 rubles and ends at the mark of 950 rubles / m3.

Fractionated quartz sand is the most expensive. When buying from 10 tons (1 KAMAZ), its delivery price ranges from 4,500 rubles per cubic meter.

IN modern construction Sand is used very actively and almost everywhere. At the same time, there are about 10 different species of this material, but in the practice of Russian builders the most common two types are: career and river. Naturally, each type has the properties that determine its advantages and disadvantages of both building or finishing material. Therefore, unprofessionals, conceived own forces Evaluate some kind of design, often in front of the choice:

Career Sand - Dignity and Disadvantages

Career is called sand extracted in careers from huge reservoirs located at a certain depth of ground. The quality of such sand is largely determined by its origin. The fact is that such underground sand is formed as a result of the weathelation of rocks. This process is in centuries, the decay products are deposited under the ground, with time turning into the blind masses of the sand.

The formation of sand deposits leads to weathering of such breeds, like mica, quartz, field spat and partially limestone. From what kind of rocks prevail in a particular area, the composition and characteristics of the sand depends.

What you need to take into account when solving the question of which sand is better career or river, it is possible to preserve impurities in the total mass natural material. Pollution clay for career sands The phenomenon is normal and depending on the field only the concentration of foreign substance differs.

Other important characteristic - Heterogeneity of fractions. In the mass of the career sand, both very small and very large particles are found, fragments often come across it, which in terms of sizes can be attributed to small gravel. However, in the case of the use of sand for construction purposes, it is impossible to name this property. The fact is that the heterogeneity of sand fractions and the presence of various impurities in it causes higher binding characteristics of the sand.

So, summarize. Career sand is distinguished by an increased roughness of the surface of the particles, as well as the angularity of their shape. Due to this, it is great for use as an element that provides an additional adhesion of binding additives as part of building mixtures. There are also areas of construction in which it is recommended to use precisely career sand. It turns out an excellent pillow under the swamp ribbon foundation. From this point of view with career sand, no other variety is compared.

River Sand - Cons and Pluses

Now consider the main characteristics and properties of river sand so that by comparison to try to answer the question of which sand is better career or river. River sand, as follows from his name, is extracted from River River. This circumstance is due extremely low content in it different impurities, especially, clay rocks and loams. They are just washed out by the flow that provides natural cleaning Sand.

Also, the constant exposure to water to which river sand is exposed leads to particles are about the same size and almost perfect rounded form. Thereby, this material Actively use B. landscape design To create the desired decorative effect.

One of the advantages of the material is the fact that for the arrangement of children's sandboxes or volleyball sites, it is necessary to use river sand.

If we talk about construction, then the main properties of river sand, except for shape and size, should be recognized as a low ability to absorb and retain moisture, as well as environmental purity and safety.

Considering all this, river sand is used mainly to obtain decorative finishing materials. For example, if on the floor in the house it is planned to arrange cement screed, For these purposes, it is better for the river sand. It will not accumulate moisture, and also contributes to obtaining a smoother and smooth surface of the coating.

For the same reasons, river sand is a more preferred manufacturing material. paving tile. In Krasnoyarsk, it is also used in the device of drainage and filtering systems.

In essence, the only one, but the very significant minus of river sand as a building material - high price. The process of its production is associated with the use of complex expensive equipment, special barges and powerful hydraulic pumps are required to lift the breeds from the bottom of the bed and the subsequent washing. As a result, the cost of the final product turns out to be very high.

It is because of the significant cost when solving the question, which sand is better career or river, the builders often prefer the first. The question of the price becomes especially relevant when carrying out draft construction works, such as the establishment of the foundation, the creation of open areas for cars, etc. And here for finishing work, especially internal, it is recommended not to save and choose river sandThe use of which provides a better result.

Our company is engaged in retail and wholesale supplies of river and career sand in Krasnoyarsk. For getting for more information And the delivery order is calling on the phone indicated on the page.

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Before starting construction work, many first calculate and harvest the material. It is right and commendable. But at this stage there are different questions, one of them, what sand is needed for the foundation. Sand choose special attentionSince it is one of the main and important components used by mixing concrete. And on the quality of the concrete mix, your future foundation, foundation depends on. Taking into account the fact that the market is provided big choice various sand Both natural and obtained artificially, it is important to choose the most suitable for these work. In this article we will tell how to determine the choice.

Purely theoretically

Anyone who is not knowledgeable in building business and its nuances can guess that it is necessary to choose clean sand for the foundation. In the sand, various organic elements such as grass, branches, and so on may initially be present. For work such sand will not fit, but it can be easily cleaned. Maybe you have repeatedly seen how the workers sift the sand, cleaning it from unwanted elements.

But if we talk about such impurities, like clay, lime and other similar, then there is no simple sifting. Clear such sand is harder, so when buying you need to immediately pay attention to it. The presence of clay in the sand should not exceed 5% of the entire mass, especially if we talk about the foundation solution. IN otherwise The future building will not differ reliability, will give a shrinkage, and this will lead to cracks. Before buying, it is important to check how clean sand is. You can use a simple way to check.

You will need a transparent bottle, be it glass or plastic. It is necessary to fall asleep sand on 1/3 and fill with water to half. Further shake the bottle intensively so that the sand is stirred with water and completely wet. After that, put it and wait 5-10 minutes. If the water has become dirty, this sand is not suitable for the foundation. If a foreign substance was formed on the surface, layer more than 5 mm, it is impossible to take such sand. Let's look at what kind of sand is what they differ and what type of sand is better to purchase for the foundation.

Sand varieties

Sands are divided into several types, depending on the place of mining:

1. River.

The name of the river sand itself says that it is mined from the river bottom. it universal Materialbecause it contains fractions different sizes - from 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm. Thanks to this, it is used not only for filling the foundation, but also for different construction purposes. Name the main advantage of river sand is its natural purity and homogeneity. Clay, vegetation particles and other impurities in it are very few. Such sand is ideal for the foundation. Only here it is large enough.

The sea sand is mined from the bottom of the sea, after which it is cleaned of the sewer and other impurities. Difference of such sand is its graininess, which is about 1 mm. This size of the granules makes it possible to use it for the construction of reinforced concrete structures. It can be called quite clean, since it is cleaned before selling it, sip and washed. But for quality you need to pay, so sea \u200b\u200bsand the most expensive.

Career sand is mined open way From a career. If you compare it with river and sea sands is the worst option. And it is not surprising, as in its composition a lot of impurities - clay, vegetation and crushed stone. Because of this, the price of such sand is the lowest and is suitable for draft work at the initial stage of construction.

To unambiguously determine which sand is better suitable for concrete, it is important to consider other features. Some masters advise to buy career sand, which is cheaper, referring to the fact that it will not affect the quality of the foundation of the house. Others say the quality is above the price, so you need to choose expensive sand, which will ensure the reliability of the foundation on which it is impossible to save. Be that as it may, it is necessary to consider other features and criteria to help determine the choice.

Characteristics

As mentioned above, the sand should be clean. If it has vegetation or branches in it - it is not scary, they can be selected. But clay, Il, gravel and other particles can lead to a decrease in quality. concrete solution. The presence of clay should not exceed 5%. The presence of gravel in percentage of the entire mass should not be more than 5%, and the particle sizes are greater than 10-12 mm. If the size of gravel ranges from 5 mm to 10 mm, then more percentage is allowed - up to 10% of the entire mass.

A lot of important moment When choosing a material is its granulometric composition, that is, the size of the granules. Based on the size of the sand pellets, it is divided into:

• very thin sand, the size of the granules of which is not more than 0.7 mm. For the manufacture of concrete such sand will be unsuitable;
• thin sand, the size of the granules of which is from 0.7 mm to 1 mm. This view is also not used for the manufacture of concrete;
• very small sand, the size of the granules of which is in the range from 1 mm to 1.5 mm. It is not necessary to choose it for concrete;
• small sand, the size of the granules of 1.5 mm to 2 mm. Not suitable for the preparation of high-quality concrete mix;
• sand of medium size, the size of the granules from 2 mm to 2.5 mm. It is the sand of such aity perfect for the preparation of a concrete mix under the foundation;
• large sand, the size of the granules of which ranges from 2.5 mm to 3 mm. It is used for the manufacture of high-quality high-quality concrete;
• sand of increased size, the size of the granules is from 3 mm to 3.5 mm. Sand such a fraction is better to use for the foundation pillow under the base of the construction.

Very large sand, the size of more than 3.5 mm can also be used for the foundation pillow.

Another important point when choosing sand for the foundation - humidity. The content of water in the sand plays the last role, since its quantity must be taken into account when the solution is made with the addition of water. The recommended sand moisture for the foundation should be no more than 5%. The dried breed may have 1% humidity. If the sand fell under precipitation, then its humidity can reach up to 10%.

If you purchased sand, you need to take care of its precipitation protection. To do this, it needs to be covered with something or unload under the canopy. Then he will not absorb excess water.

But how to determine the humidity of the sand? Take advantage of pan or iron bucket. Take the container and put it on the weight. Having learning the weight of the capacity, take 1 kg of sand and fill it with a container. Now you need to dry the sand. To do this, put it on the slab with a weak fire and "cook", stirring, 30 minutes. After expiration, everything is again needed to weigh. From the weighing result, take the weight of a bowl or bucket and multiply the result by 100. As a result, you should have a number in the percentage ratio, which indicates humidity. For clarity: a bucket or a bowl has a weight of 0.2 kg. After you dried 1 kg of sand, the total weight turned 0.9 kg. It turns out:

0.9 - 0.2 x 100 \u003d 70

Humidity of your sand is 7%. There is another method for determining humidity. It is enough just to use a special device that will show an accurate digit.

Let's summarize

So, having all the data, you need to analyze them and determine the choice. You learned that the ideal sand for the foundation is considered:

• clean sand, which consists of clay and gravel do not exceed 5% of the whole mass;
• sand with medium size, the size of the granules is from 2 mm to 2.5 mm;
• sand, whose humidity does not exceed 5%.

Buying such a building material for the foundation, you must pay attention to these indicators. Most optimal option For the price and quality is washed and dumping sandary sand, the size of the granules of which is 2-2.5 mm. It is better to buy it directly at the place of mining. If you have money and want your foundation to be durable and stood for a very long time, stop on the river sand of the same fraction. Then your concrete under the foundation will have the necessary qualities.

Buying sand, you should control the process of weighing a loaded and empty dump truck, as there are unscrupulous suppliers who displease sand, stating on you.

We hope that this article helped you figure out what sand to choose for the foundation.

Praphraseing the famous phrase about the water, in binding to construction, one can say - "sand, sand, circle of sand" - and this is exactly describing the process occurring in the construction of the foundation of your country residence. The construction site uses a lot of this building material - sand for the foundation, for the pillow, in the finishing of the inner and external, in the fastening mixtures - it is necessary to be very much, and all it must be proper quality.

Construction of the foundation of the cottage It occurs when directly using huge amounts of sand, which is selected and is calculated at the design stage of Innovasy specialists. It is responsible for this process, since such parameters such as the stability of the structure, durability, shrinkage, drainage, adhesiveness of components, and environmental friendliness are directly dependent on the quality of the material. To properly choose the desired volumes and types of sand, you need to understand the differences that the proposed on construction market Options for this sedimentary fossil material.

Sand for foundation: What does he look like?

If we consider it from the point of view of geology, the sand is a sedimentary breed of a very small type, represented by fragments of various minerals, is obtained in an open way or produced industrial enterprises. In essence, it is very small pebbles. various shapes, sizes - resulting as a result of natural or artificial processes. There are several varieties of sand on sale, each of which has its own unique properties, and suitable for various building processes:

• Career - the most common and cheapest option. It is produced in an open method in workings, it contains a mass of impurities from clay, lime and land, which is necessarily taken into account when choosing this type sand;
• The river is a cleaner option produced from the bottom of the rivers - most suitable for the construction of foundations and application in the brand monolithic concrete. By the way, the famous oak skyscrapers are built using river sand from Europe;
• Mineral - It turns out when processing various stone breeds - that is, it is finely ground residues of granite, rubble, limestone, marble and other varieties. Almost never used in concrete mixtures, as it has certain restrictions on adhesion and strength - and it is suitable for finishing;
• Sea - mining it from the bottom of the seas and is additionally cleaned. Such sand is considered the highest quality and expensive, used in vintage concrete and has increased characteristics of strength, since it does not contain organic or harmful clay inclusions.

What sand is needed for the foundation, based on the above, it is necessary to determine at the stage of design and development of the building process. Professional specialists of our company will offer several options that will be optimally correlated in quality and cost. Though country cottages And are built for many years of use, it is not always rational to use very expensive materials, since on such small amounts of quality of different sand varieties is almost identical. Especially if the project has the use of ready-made concrete mixes From the manufacturer who himself monitors the quality of sand used in the monolithic concrete.

What sand is needed for foundation: technical parameters

When they talk about the properties of the described sedimentary material, many begin to perplex - why are it all, and is it not easier to just take and buy sand in the nearest career not to bother? The answer is obvious and simple - not easier! After all, the sand remains one of the important components of the design, is designed to improve and ensure the reliability of the structure, its durability and stability.

In the construction practice of Innovasy, the most different varieties Sand, each of which has its technical parameters. Below we will only describe those that allow you to correctly pick up sand for the foundation so that the base of the house is as reliable as possible. The selection is made in different criteria, in accordance with the adopted GOST and SNIPA standards:

By varieties

Depending on the method of mining and cleaning, each option has its own clear direction of use. Career sand, due to the special structural structure of the fractions, the most suitable for the base of the base of the building base, as it allows you to create a dense damping layer - softens the impact of the soil and does not lead to a strong shrinkage of the building. For fastening mixtures, purified career sand is also used, as has very high adhesiveness - the ability to fasten the components of the solution among themselves. River sand is most used in monolithic concrete And with the device of drainage layers - due to its more uniform size of fractions, which are larger than the career analogue. Sea sand is used in high-quality concrete and reinforced concrete structures, It has the lowest content of third-party impurities. The mineral version is better to use for decoration, as it has many very small fractions, practically dust, which is not suitable for concrete perfectly.

In size granules

It is well known that the size matters when creating concrete mixtures, solutions, a foundation and drainage cushion device. The larger the sand fraction, the better its properties in the construction and arrangement of the foundations of cottages. For example, to pour monolithic foundation, price Innovasy, does not take into account the creation of a sandy pillow, which should be located all over the building stain and to achieve a significant thickness. The construction uses such subclasses of sand, which is for the belt that for pile base at home:

• Small - the size of the pebbles vary from 1.5 to 2.0 millimeters - it can be used in lightweight grounds of not deep liaison;
• Middle- fractions in the range of 2.0-2.5 millimeters - the most perfect option When pouring any type of foundation of the private house. Also suitable for hiding free space if carried out device of pile foundation, price which is significantly lower than other analogues;
• Large- the sizes of pebbles from 2.5 to 3.0 millimeters - suitable for concrete mixes with high indicator braziness, as the only capable of ensuring its strength and necessary technical specifications. Such sand is used by concrete mixtures throughout the country;
• Especially large - with fractions from 3.0 to 3.5 millimeters - an ideal option for creating a pillow of the foundation, drainage layers under the bottom of the building, in the breakfast, with a device of garden tracks.

According to the composition

Naturally, it is difficult to calculate the sand for the foundation, since it is impossible to predict its overrun. Our company's specialists use modern computer simulation and many years of experienceTo determine the amount of sand with maximum accuracy, you need to build a cottage. This allows you to hold installed on ribbon foundation Prices in the Moscow region and Moscow at an affordable and acceptable level. Most often, one variety of sand is purchased to optimize the financial costs. The mid-phrase building material is perfect for the pillow, and for concrete mixes, when construction is carried out in a temperate climatic zone.

The main thing that is required from the supplier is to provide clean and dry building materials, since all its depend on it specifications. In construction, sand is applied only with such indicators:

• Density - not lower than 1.5 tons / m3. If a this indicator Below, it means in the sand too much moisture, and if there are above-sided impurities;
• The composition is without organic enclosures that are completely unacceptable for the building material. The number of clay impurities, lime and land can not exceed 5% of the total mass;
• The form of fractions - it is believed that faceted pebbles of career sand are much better bonded solutions, and smooth river and marine analog - do not allow to achieve the desired strength. Confirm or refute such maxias can only be laboratory methods, and on the quality of construction of the foundation of the cottage it does not affect;
• Availability - the cheaper and faster there will be logistics, the easier and builders and customers. Asking what sand to choose for the foundation, our specialists are always studying the market of your region to understand how expensive career or river sand will be brought.

High-quality concrete foundation: Sand proportions

One of the criteria that will allow more or less approximately to know the number of sand required for construction, are generally accepted proportions and its ratios in mixtures. As a rule, an indicator is applied 1: 4 - that is, one part of the cement accounts for four parts of the sand. And even when involved in the solutions of rubble, the percentage ratio does not change - all the same sand is 4 times more than cement. This, provided that the concrete is mixed in place and it is required to constantly feed it to the formwork.

If the case is limited only to the creation of pillows and drainage under the foundation, the proportions of the sand will differ dramatically, as they are calculated by cubic metramBased on the thickness of the required layer. In any case, the sand does not happen much, as it is used in any building process - from the laying of the walls of the foundation, until the seams are wiping and exterior decoration. Innovasy specialists will be calculated required amount Material for the high-quality structure of the founding of the building. Even if a little sand remains, you can safely arrange a playground near the house - and the children joy and the sand will not disappear.

Which sand to choose for foundation: results

Based on the above data, it is necessary to select the type of sedimentary building material, based on the features of the cottage, its characteristics, the properties of the soil and the construction work. In Russian practice, career and river sands of various fractions are equally used equally, which is not very different at cost and quality characteristics.

It is best to contact our architects and designers who have been building country cottages for more than seven years - they will be able to prompt the most optimal and advantageous option. Of course, no one excludes the elimination of construction, when the country palace itself simply requires only high-quality sea sand, and not simple and common analogues.

Before starting the construction of the foundation, take care of the purchase suitable materialsFrom which you can cook high-quality concrete.

The greatest attention should be paid to the sand, since the strength of the solution depends on it.

Sand - bulk materialrelating to the category of sedimentary breeds. It can be obtained from quarries or create an artificial method by crushing crushed stone and stone.

Regardless of how the selected variety is made, chief Criteriawhich he must possess - purity. It is important that there are no impurities of organic and inorganic materials, pebbles, leaves, herbs.

If you bought low-grade building material, it will be necessary to perform cleaning by seeking, which requires additional labor costs and take time. Cleaning does not save sand from small sera - clay and lime particles.

According to the technical standards, the content is allowed to 5% impurities. When the number of particles above this value, it is impossible to make the maximum durable concrete. And the foundation built from poor-quality raw materials is short-lived.

To understand how good the raw materials are best to give it to the expert laboratory analysis. This is the only way to find out all the characteristics. True, the procedure will have to pay money. But exist economical way independently analyze raw materials. You will need:

• In the transparent container, pour sand up to a third of the volume;
• To fill with water;
• Thoroughly shake the container so that the contents are as impregnated as much as possible;
• Do not touch the bottle of 10 minutes so that all small grace of downtime.

If water remained dirty or upper layer Clogged by third-party substances with a thickness of 5 mm, such a material cannot be taken for the foundation.

If the water hat has remained transparent, and there are no third-party particles, feel free to knead the concrete from this sand.

Suitable humidity

Much of building materials is of great importance. The best indicator is 1-5%.

Find out whether the humidity is normal from your raw material, so you can:

• Take a metal saucepan, weigh it;
• Pump there exactly 1 kilogram of sand;
• Using kitchen stove, warm the saucepan of half an hour, stirring the content from time to time;
• Then measure the weight of the tank. Of the existing values, deduct a mass of the pan. The result is divided into a hundred;
• The final number is a percentage of humidity.

Selecting the type of sand

According to the method of mining, the following types of this building material are distinguished:

River. As can be seen from the name, it is mined from the bottom of the rivers. It is considered universal. Ideal for foundations and interior decoration premises. Allows you to create drainage systems. An important plus is the absence of clay impurities and organic substances. But it is expensive.

Nautical. Since it is mined from the bottom of the seas, fragments of seashells and other objects can come across. Manufacturers usually thoroughly clean such sand before delivering to customers. It is recommended before purchasing a large batch to analyze some amount in the laboratory.

Career. Quality is lower than that of sea and river. It is mined by the destruction of rocks. Often, clay and other impurities are found consisting of career sand. it economical optionBut the quality is usually not high enough to build a reliable foundation.

Examination will help choose which sand is better suitable for your area.

For quality you have to pay. If you do not have a big budget, it is better to die more money and conceive with construction. After all, the foundation is too important part of the house to save on it.

What size grades is better

According to sand fractions, there are several types:

Very thin (less than 0.7 mm). Cannot be used in the foundation, even when to build a small cottage. Such sand does not allow to get a fairly strong concrete.

Thin (thinner 1 mm). It is impossible to make concrete from it. This fraction does not allow to achieve the required level of density.

Small (up to 0.15 cm). It is used for the foundation when it is necessary to build a small-sized building (up to 1-2 floors).

Average (0.2 - 0.25 cm). This fraction is suitable for filling the foundation, so experts recommend using it.

With sandbags to 0.3 centimeters thick. Such varieties are too expensive. Of these, high-quality concrete is made, and it is impractical in everyday construction. Suitable under the foundation of high-rise buildings.

Super-broom. The magnitude of the fraction is less than 0.35 cm. Suitable, increasing the strength of the building and helps evenly distribute the load. The varieties are suitable for the construction of skyscrapers.

Do not forget to inspect the edge of the grains through the magnifying glass. What they are sharper, the better astonish properties will have concrete.

How much sand is required

The appropriate is considered 5 parts of the sand to 1 grade cement. If you want to use and crushed, then the ratio will be as follows: 4 Sand shares, 2 - rubble and 1 part of cement. It makes no sense to try to find another ideal recipe. The proportions are tested by decades of practice.

The quality of cement is also important. Some brands have such characteristics that they are required to add a little less or more, but in small scale this difference is not significant.

It is impossible to experiment in order to save. There is a risk of paying both money and own security.

If you buy a lot of cheap sand and knead the concrete from it, then with time the building will see and collapse.