Is it possible, having completed the floor screed in one day, to start laying the topcoat the very next day? Not so long ago it seemed unrealistic, because "wet" cement strainer requires at least 28 days for final drying. But now, about 15 years ago, the revolutionary technology of Knauf bulk floors appeared, which turned the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthis process upside down. One of the names entrenched for this reason behind her is “superpol Knauf”.

Today, probably, there is no person, one way or another connected with the construction industry, who would not have heard about this company, which produces a variety of finishing and building materials, as well as paint and varnish products, system components suspended ceilings, hydro, heat and sound insulating materials, fasteners, various tools.

But most of all, this company is known for its honed to the smallest detail drywall technology. facing materials, being its ancestor. Founded by the two Knauf brothers in 1932 as a manufacturer of gypsum building mixtures, already in the 50s, the company began producing the first drywall materials, soon becoming the undisputed leader in this technology. And today we can confidently say that Knauf and drywall are two inextricably linked concepts.

The Knauf bulk flooring method is essentially a well-known semi-dry or dry prefabricated screed technology, when sheet panels of a rough coating fastened together are installed on a substrate of a thin layer of finely dispersed bulk material. The soft and seemingly loose filling pressed by them becomes strong and hard, capable of withstanding fairly large loads.

In method Knauf for this, expanded clay sand of a very fine fraction is used with a granule size not exceeding 4 mm according to the standard. After leveling the backfill with the rule “along the beacons”, it is covered with sheets of gypsum fiber material. The thickness of the backfill should be between 30 and 100 mm.

Gypsum-fiber sheets (GVL) differ from gypsum boards in the absence of an upper paper coating and are a uniform mixture of gypsum and cellulose fibers reinforcing it. Possessing high strength and fire resistance, they are quite environmentally friendly and chemically safe.

Issued structural elements Knauf superfloor in the form of panels glued together from two GVL sheets with dimensions of 1200 × 600 × 10 mm with an offset relative to each other to form folds 50 mm wide around the perimeter, along which they are fastened when laying together using adhesive mastic and self-tapping screws. The total thickness of the resulting superfloor coating is 20 mm.

Advantages

1. The main advantage of this technology is the absence of "wet" materials and operations. This is especially valuable not so much in the process of constructing new buildings, but when performing repair work in existing ones, as it excludes possible leaks and penetration of moisture and dampness into neighboring rooms.
2. High execution speed installation work. There is no need to use special mechanisms. The laying of a Knauf superfloor in a 20 m² room by a team of two people during the working day, along with delivery and unloading, is quite a common thing.
3. Immediately after the installation of GVL panels, the floors are ready for laying the finish coating and receiving workloads.
4. In addition to the speed of laying, Knauf floors are distinguished by high speed and ease of dismantling in case of disassembly. GVL sheets are removed using a conventional jigsaw, then backfill is collected with a shovel or shovel.
5. The small total thickness of the entire "pie" of dry screed - from 50 mm with a backfill layer thickness of 30 mm - leads to a very low loss of height and volume of the room.
6. The total total weight of the floor structure is significantly less than with traditional ways screeds. This significantly reduces the load on the load-bearing elements of the floors and the structure of the entire building.
7. Low thermal conductivity makes it possible to refuse additional layers of heat insulators for thin finish coatings, such as laminate, linoleum, cork, etc.
8. The high soundproofing properties of Knauf floors are significantly superior in this parameter to wood and parquet flooring.
9. Excellent fire safety.
10. Possibility of installation at any time of the year.
11. Also, Knauf floors are highly environmentally friendly and chemically inert.

Main technical characteristics:

• panel dimensions with 50 mm wide folds - 1250 × 650 × 20 mm;
• area covered by one element - 0.75 m²;
• weight of one panel - no more than 18 kg;
• hardness according to Brinell - 22 MPa (220 kgf / cm²);
• compressive strength of expanded clay filling - not less than 10 MPa;
• thermal conductivity - 0.25~0.35 W/(m²×°K);
• sound insulation: 58 dB - from air and 55 dB - from impact noise;
• fire safety according to the classes of combustibility, flammability, smoke formation and toxicity of gases - G1, V1, D1, T1;

Flaws

If we talk about the shortcomings of Knauf technology, then there are practically none, although many people here call the “hydrophobia” of this material, but leaks and flooding can thoroughly ruin any type of floor. Even if the consequences of such accidents do not appear immediately, after a while they will definitely make themselves felt in the form of fungus, mold and decay. But the convenience of dismantling Knauf floors allows you to replace them with the lowest labor costs compared to other types of coatings.

Many homeowners and installers, for reasons of economy, believe that on the upper floors of buildings and structures, laying a moisture-proof film under the base of a dry screed can be neglected. This is a gross mistake, since moisture can enter through the floor slabs from neighboring rooms. In addition, such a film also performs the function of a vapor barrier, protecting materials from condensate.

Laying method

In the simplest method of constructive technology of dry screed considered here, which has the designation "Alpha" in the terminology of Knauf, a single-layer laying of GVL is used, but there are other options that involve a more complex "pie" using additional layers of polystyrene foam or porous fiber sound and thermal insulation materials of this company.

Required materials:

Required tools:

• drill, screwdriver;
• jigsaw;
• drywall knife;
• measuring instruments: tape measure, meter, square, level;
• metal profile for the installation of "beacons";
• rule for aligning the backfill layer with the beacons.

Walkthrough

1. The surface of the floor slabs under the floor base must be well cleaned of debris. The protruding ends of the fittings, wires, nails, screws must be carefully cut and removed. Large irregularities and pieces of gravel sticking out of the concrete should be carefully knocked down with a chisel.
2. On a prepared base vapor barrier film spreads with an overlay of adjacent sheets of at least 200 mm on top of each other. Its edges along the perimeter of the room should go to the walls above the level of the future floor.
3. Then, along all walls, an edge tape is installed vertically, designed to compensate for temperature deformations of the Knauf superfloor panels. The compensation gap at the edges is a very important condition for this technology. It allows you to avoid swelling of the floor with changes in temperature in the room.
4. Along the line of the proposed installation of metal profiles of lighthouses, expanded clay is poured along the length with a small slide. From above, beacons are pressed into it with adjustment according to the level, based on the total thickness of the backfill no more than 10 cm. If the replacement of floors is carried out in only one room of the house, the level of the future flooring should “come” to the corresponding level in the remaining rooms.
5. In the space between the beacons, the expanded clay layer is backfilled, which is then leveled with a rule. One of the advantages of the Knauf floor is the ability to backfill and lay the coating not completely in the entire room, but in parts.
6. Then beacons are removed, and traces of them are sprinkled with a small amount of expanded clay. To the corner from where the installation of GVL sheets will begin, a “path” of several free panels is laid, along which it will be possible to move around without spoiling the rest of the backfill.
7. The folds of the GVL panels adjacent to the walls and partitions must be cut off so that their thickness in these places is double. The first row of panels is laid out along one of the walls. Work should begin from the opposite wall of the room to the entrance, gradually moving towards front door. Before laying the next row, the folds of the previous one are smeared with glue or mastic.
8. Laying sheets of each next row is carried out with their displacement relative to the previous one by at least 250 mm. The formation of cruciform joints is not allowed. Then glued joints are fastened with screws with a pitch not exceeding 300 mm.
9. After the floor is laid in the entire room, all the joints between the sheets should be puttied with gypsum putty Knauf.
10. Before applying the finish coat, Knauf superfloor must be primed deep penetration.

To significantly increase the strength of the coating, it is possible to lay the second layer of GVL panels by changing the laying direction perpendicular to the sheets of the first layer.

conclusions

The Knauf superfloor technology is the best suited for today's popular underfloor heating systems. And the high heat-insulating properties of bulk floors significantly reduce the heat loss of the room through its base, which significantly increases the energy efficiency of any heating systems. We can confidently say that the cost of installing Knauf bulk floors with good general thermal insulation of the house will pay off within 2-3 years due to savings on heating.

Traditionally, a boardwalk or sand-cement screed acts as a subfloor. The appearance of Knauf floors was a real technological breakthrough. Since the advent of this flooring technology, no manufacturer in the construction sector has been able to create anything more economical.

Building materials, which are produced by Knauf, have the widest distribution in our country. They are of impeccable quality, in the Knauf product range there are several dozen varieties of dry mixes, primers, sheet materials (grooved, plasterboard, gypsum-fiber sheets).

Bulk floors produced by this company are an environmentally friendly, fireproof material with excellent thermal and sound insulation properties. They are used both in capital construction and during repair work. Floors from Knauf have the following positive qualities:

• fire resistance. Plates GVL are not subject to combustion;
• environmental friendliness;
• simple installation with minimal time costs;
• compliance with the highest building standards;
• creation of an optimal microclimate;
• Knauf floors can be used immediately after installation;
• you can use any material for the finishing device: laminate, carpet, parquet, porcelain stoneware, or linoleum;
• for flooring such a floor does not require careful surface preparation, in technological process installation there are no operations that require the preparation of any solutions;
• during operation, the coating does not deform, does not creak, there are no cracks and breaks on it. The total weight of the floors is small and does not create a significant load on the floors and supporting structures;
• installation of the floor can be done in winter in an unheated building, the main thing is that there is not much humidity in it.

And another important plus is the most low-cost flooring.

What is included

Knauf floors are made by gluing two moisture-resistant sheets of GVL (gypsum fiber). The thickness of the resulting sheet is 2 cm, linear dimensions are 1200x600 mm, 5 cm folds are arranged along the perimeter.

Also integral part Knauf floors are fine-grained expanded clay, the amount depends on the layer thickness that is required at a given construction site. If the layer exceeds 6 cm, a second layer of GVL boards is required. The kit usually includes a plastic film and self-tapping screws. After proper styling Knauf floors form a flat, durable surface that can withstand a significant load - up to 500 kg per sq. m.

Tools and material required for installation

1. The vacuum cleaner is construction.
2. Paint brush.
3. Building plaster.
4. Level (regular building or water).
5. Deep penetration soil.
6. Pencil or marker.
7. Hacksaw for metal.
8. self-tapping screws right size(from 2 cm).
9. Metal guides (rack profile, 60 mm wide or metal beacons).
10. Waterproofing.
11. Metal rule.
12. Glue (PVA or liquid nails).
13. Screwdriver.
14. Putty knife.

Foundation preparation

In the case when the floor is laid during repair work, it is necessary to completely dismantle the old coating to a concrete (or wooden) base. For the installation of Knauf floors, the base may not be completely even, but it must be taken into account that the bedding layer should not be more than 10-12 cm.

It is very important in the process of preparing for installation to thoroughly clean the entire area from dirt and construction debris, close up large potholes / cracks in concrete or gypsum mixture. It is advisable to vacuum the surface with a professional construction vacuum cleaner and treat it with a deep penetration primer. After the soil has dried, you can proceed to the insulation device.

Hydro and vapor barrier device

This is important technological stage and it must be approached responsibly - well-executed insulating layer will help you get rid of problems with the floor for many years. If moisture penetrates, then subsidence of individual sections of the floor and swelling of the plates, leading to deformation of the flooring, is possible. First of all, it is necessary to check the horizontalness of the surface using a level and make marks on the walls along the entire perimeter of the room, which determine the level of backfill. For waterproofing, you can use rolled self-adhesive waterproofing materials, PVC film (at least 200 microns thick) or vapor barrier. The waterproofing film is laid with an overlap of about 20 cm, the joints are fixed with adhesive tape.

Waterproofing film laid with an overlap

On the walls, waterproofing should be brought up to the marks that limit the backfill layer.

For wooden floors glassine can be used as an insulation that protects against moisture. Also suitable paper impregnated with bitumen.

After installing the waterproofing, you should proceed to the creation of sound insulation. A 10-cm layer of insulation (edge ​​tape) is laid along the walls, which will prevent the floor from deforming and create sound insulation. Ordinary foam tape can also serve as an insulator. They are self-adhesive and ordinary (attached with construction tape or a stapler). A good option would also be to use a special damper tape.

Powder base

The base for GVL slabs can be made not only from expanded clay and silica sand, but also from other types of sand. Screenings or slag (small fraction) can also be used. These materials are free-flowing, almost do not precipitate, and have high porosity. They have a low hygroscopicity index, so they are optimally suited for Knauf floors.

The volume required for backfilling depends on the size of the room and the size of the layer, which, in turn, is determined by the presence of communication and the existing slope of the surface. Before you start backfilling, you need to install beacons - guides with which the dry screed will be leveled. Two extreme profiles (or beacons) are placed at opposite walls strictly horizontally. They should be placed parallel to each other, the distance from the wall is about 15 cm.

You can put wooden bars or small pieces of ceramic tiles under the beacons, but it is better to make supporting poles from gypsum. Then the cord is pulled and intermediate profiles are installed, parallel to the rest, at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other. After installing the beacons, expanded clay is poured and carefully leveled with a metal rule.

Leveling the backfill with a special rule

After leveling, the beacons must be very carefully removed (having previously arranged temporary platforms made of thick plywood about 60 by 60 cm in size for moving on them) and pouring expanded clay, carefully level it with a metal spatula without disturbing the surface level. On large areas, installation should be carried out in stages: having completely covered a certain area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe floor, you should proceed to further leveling.

On an absolutely flat surface that does not have deviations from the horizontal, expanded clay backfill is not needed. Instead, you can tightly lay sheets of expanded polystyrene (extruded), making an accurate cut. Mount Knauf floors on polystyrene foam, observing the usual technology.

Having tamped expanded clay, you can proceed with the installation of GVL sheets. Prefabricated floor elements from Knauf are easy to install, you just need to take your time and carefully follow the entire installation technology. It is better to start laying sheets from the door, on the first sheets, the folds should be removed from one side (from the walls) so that they lie flat and do not sink into expanded clay. The installation scheme is “brick”, with the joints offset by half of the next sheet. The first sheets must be carefully aligned, the level of the assembled floor will depend on how evenly they lie. The folds are glued together and scrolled with self-tapping screws every 10-15 cm.

Fastening sheets with self-tapping screws

GVL sheets can be cut with a hacksaw or a regular hacksaw with small tooth. It is necessary to ensure that expanded clay or other bulk material does not fall into the joints. Knauf floors can be assembled at the same time in the entire apartment, while maintaining one level. Installation should be carried out with a partner, in one working day you can lay the floor on an area of ​​​​more than 100 square meters. m.

Knauf floors have passed the test of time, the manufacturer guarantees really high quality, but the super floor also has its drawbacks:

• almost always you have to cut the fold from the sheets adjacent to the wall. This eventually leads to a slight subsidence of the floor during operation;
• removing beacons and pouring a small amount of expanded clay is quite difficult to maintain a completely flat surface, which is necessary for installation. But beacons left under the floor can also lead to deformation of the coating.

Knauf floors are afraid of moisture and require carefully executed waterproofing.

During the installation process, you need to ensure that the bulk material is absolutely dry, otherwise the floor may “lead”. Knauf floors are not recommended to be arranged in basements and basement floors. When laying such a floor in bathrooms and kitchens, it is necessary to perform high-quality waterproofing and install a topcoat that does not allow moisture to pass through. Such a floor should not be arranged even in rooms with a heavy load - in office and municipal buildings, in production workshops. Knauf floors are a great option for an apartment or a private house with good ventilation system. If the installation was done with high quality, such a floor will serve you for a very long time.

An example of laying tiles on a Knauf floor

Video - Do-it-yourself Knauf floors

The appearance of Knauf floors on the market was a real breakthrough in the field of construction. Hundreds of users have already fallen in love with Knauf's easy-to-install bulk floors. And although it is impossible to call the material cheap, the reviews of professionals say that with such a basis you will save a lot of time and effort.

Bulk floor features

Dry screed is a kind of cocktail created by means of gypsum fiber panel elements. GVL is laid on a special waterproofing film, overlapped with ends of at least 20 cm. Also, the protection crawls out onto the walls, by about 6-7 cm. Installation of a dry screed saves time, allowing you to do without wet cement-sand mixture and all manipulations associated with it. And the main advantage of Knauf is high strength and quality of the material. The name of the bulk floor Knauf means that after leveling the surface, GVL boards are laid on it, which are fastened with mounting glue or self-tapping screws.

Where and when to use bulk dry floors?

Whether or not to use a super-floor is up to the user, but there are cases when Knauf plates 1200x600x22 mm are the best alternative of any choice:

1. When reconstructing an old floor covering without replacing the old base. The advantages of the plate are its low weight, which greatly facilitates the load on all load-bearing elements and quick installation, which allows you to cope with the work without attracting additional force.
2. If it is planned to install a warm electronic floor in a building with wooden floors.
3. In the case when laying is necessary in record time, gypsum boards and Knauf bulk floor are the best solution.
4. Prefabricated slabs are ideal for arranging floors in the cold season, when the installation of a traditional screed is not possible.

View material characteristics and choose the best prices on the goods, as well as to get acquainted with the nuances of the work will help the video.

Technological process of laying bulk floor

It is important to pay attention to the execution of the stages of work so that the elements are in place and do not have to redo all the work again:

1. Backfilling dry screed. The material purchased in the store must be filled along the perimeter of the floor area, guided by the level of pre-installed beacons. After that, the surface should be leveled with a rail and in no case should the flat floor be subjected to deformation. How to pour out and level a dry screed Knauf will tell you a video lesson. Although the reviews of professionals say that no difficulties are expected in the process. But in order to walk on the screed, it is better to lay sheets of GVL (trimming is also possible), and then the installation of GVL will begin directly.
2. The device bulk floor Knauf. Laying GVL elements begins from the place farthest from the entrance to the room. As soon as the first sheet is laid, the second, third immediately fit. This is done as tightly as possible, the gaps between the elements should not be more than 1mm.
3. After installation is completed, all small joints must be sealed with glue.

Important! The screed must not be damaged in any way. And to make the installation as strong as possible, you should use self-tapping screws.

1. After the first row of tiles has been laid, proceed to laying the second row. To start building a row, you can use a cut of the slab (in the case of cutting an element), but only if the size of the slab is not less than a quarter of the whole;
2. At smooth walls installation is carried out without serious gaps, but in case of irregularities, the remaining gaps are foamed with mounting foam.
3. The direction of laying out the elements is determined individually. After completion of work, the joints must be sanded and leveled with putty.

Advice! Work is best done in pairs, the weight of one gvl plate is approximately 17 kg, it is difficult to withstand it on outstretched arms. The joints when working with the material are displaced, as when laying bricks.

Dry screed thickness - stage three

The minimum thickness of the Knauf bulk floor, as recommended by the reviews of professionals, should be at least 4-5 cm. It turns out that the thickness of the backfill is added to the thickness of the sheet (2 cm), also 2-3 cm. The parameters should be taken into account in case of work with my own hands. The final floor covering (laminate, tile) must also be taken into account.

Knauf floors suggest slight shrinkage, about 1.5-2 cm, therefore, when installing a dry screed in several rooms, it is necessary to take into account interior transitions.

Waterproofing, soundproofing

All bulk floors are afraid of moisture: swelling, deformation and then uneven subsidence - all this can be avoided by arranging a waterproofing layer of ordinary polyethylene of good thickness. A layer is laid under a dry screed. It is especially important to comply with the condition if the floors of the building are wooden. Sealing cracks, holes with alabaster, pressing wires to the base are the initial work, after which waterproofing can be laid. All the nuances of the preparatory work can be seen on the video.

It's a good idea to take care of the soundproofing layer that prevents floor deformation. To do this, you need to leave a small gap between the gypsum board and the wall, where any soundproofing material (mineral wool or self-adhesive foam tape) will fit.

Under what can you install a superfloor?

Bulk material Knauf assumes any final finish:

• Linoleum;
• Laminate;
• Ceramic tiles;
• Parquet;
• Carpet;
• Solid wood, veneer.

Super-floor Knauf is not cheap, but such a dry screed is much easier to install and is not much inferior in terms of characteristics to cement-sand. As a result, the user receives high performance characteristics of the elements and the speed and ease of installation.

Advantages of modular plates:

• evenness of the base, which can withstand a load of distributed type 500 kg/m2, point type 200 kg/m2;
• High fire-resistant qualities. The floating floor is ideal for both residential, domestic and industrial premises;
• Hypoallergenic. Due to the fact that gvl sheets and dry screed are made from natural material, the elements are recommended for laying in kindergartens, hospitals and other premises where high standards are imposed on the quality of floors;
• Non-deformation. Such characteristics make it possible to avoid squeaks and breaks of elements during operation. The super-floor will remain intact even with everyday intensive loads;
• Thermal and soundproof properties. Floor laying knauf coatings requires only waterproofing, without layers of heat, soundproofing material based. Soundproofing, as mentioned above, is required only on wall panels;
• Extremely short turnaround time. The device of the floors is so simple that you can cope with them on your own, and without spending a single extra day on drying or ripening the composition. At the same time, the Knauf floating or modular floor is ready for operation immediately after laying out and puttying the joints;
• Ease of installation. Due to the small format of the elements, the installation of floors can be carried out in different rooms without loss of quality and level;
• No "wet" work. This quality is especially important if the superfloor is laid out in apartments with old supports, where a wet screed is not possible due to the dilapidation of the logs and ceilings.

Flaws:

1. Superpol has a low moisture resistance. A dry screed device is impossible without a waterproofing layer. Also not recommended Knauf device in rooms with a constant aggressive damp environment. Moisture ingress will require opening the plate, prolonged drying of the filler or a complete replacement of the elements.
2. Dustiness when working with expanded clay fractions. This can be easily avoided by mounting and backfilling in respirators;
3. High cost compared to other materials.

The disadvantages that the superpole has are minimal. The final price of the work, according to professionals, is not much higher than laying a wet screed. But the term of readiness of the floor (immediately, after the elements are laid) - makes Knauf products count ideal solution for practical owners.

German manufacturer of coupler Knauf dry It is positioned as Superpol, suitable for operation in dry and damp rooms, the temperature inside of which does not fall below + 10 degrees.

In addition to materials for 4 types of dry screed - Alpha, Beta, Vega and Gamma, Knauf produces tools for this technology (2 guide rails and one sliding rule as standard).

However, the original brand products are expensive, when repaired on your own you can get by with GVL sheets of any manufacturer, plastic wrap, damper tape and expanded clay sand from the nearest building material store. The tool is an aluminum rule of 1.5 - 2 m and a profile from GVL systems (usually rack 2.7 x 6 cm).

Knauf dry screed device in layers

In the album of Superpol's technical solutions with the manufacturer's materials, the Knauf dry floor screed is represented by four options with different composition"pie" designs:

• Alpha- on even floors or slabs, previously leveled with a self-leveling floor, only two layers of GVL sheets without film waterproofing are used;
• Beta- also on even floors, but acoustic (usually sound-absorbing) material is placed under the gypsum fiber panels;
• Vega- a system for an uneven base, includes a layer of expanded clay sand, on which two layers of GVL sheets are laid;
• Gamma– soundproofing is laid under the gypsum fiber boards, then waterproofing film and backfill of expanded clay.

Variants of the Superpole Knauf pie.

Important! The design of the Knauf Superfloor is floating, therefore, for all of these options, a damper tape along the perimeter of the walls at the junction points is mandatory.

In practice, the laying technology is most often used according to the Vega and Gamma options. Expanded clay backfill is cheaper than self-leveling floor, in addition to leveling the floor, it further improves the acoustic properties of floor slabs:

Important! If a warm floor is included in the project, it is laid OVER the dry Knauf screed. Before tiling, the surface of the GVL sheets is puttied with a continuous layer of at least 2 mm thick with special elastic compounds, for example, Knauf LevelerShpachtel 415.

Features of dry screed for different floor coverings.

Laying technology

Unlike wet and semi-dry screeds, the installation of Superpol is much faster. You can walk on a dry screed already during the installation of GVL sheets. This option provides not only high maintainability of the structure, but also the communications hidden under it. Boxes and other drywall structures do not gain moisture, as there are no wet processes windows do not fog up, even with poor ventilation.

Knauf dry screed floor slabs must be inspected to identify defective areas. The sequence of operations at this stage is as follows:

• removal of a loose layer of concrete or its treatment with special compounds (deep penetration primer);
• sealing cracks, joints and seams with putty mixtures as necessary;
• dust removal and removal of oil stains;
• drying wet areas of concrete.

Important! For the Superfloor of the Alpha version without expanded clay sand, it is necessary to level the slabs with a self-leveling floor.

Horizontal level beating

For a dry Knauf floor screed, it is impossible to use the method of lowering the highest point of the horizontal level, since it is impossible to bring the GVL sheet “to zero”. Therefore, the rise in the level of the finished floor will be at least 2 cm at the top point.

The horizontal offset is done as follows:

• a laser level or plane builder is installed in one room so that the beam penetrates the walls of adjoining rooms;
• at an arbitrary height, a single line is drawn in all rooms of the cottage/apartment;
• the distances from this line to the floor slabs are measured, the upper point is found (the minimum size according to the measurement results);
• the perimeter of the walls is pasted over with a damper tape, the upper edge of which should be 2 cm above the flooring mark;
• the upper line of the horizontal level is transferred to the tape with a tape measure, taking into account the indicated values ​​\u200b\u200bof the thickness of the dry screed.

Advice! When using the plane builder, it is not necessary to make a line; all subsequent operations can be performed with the device turned on, focusing on its laser beam.

Waterproofing, insulation and acoustic material

Depending on the acoustic and thermodynamic characteristics of the floor slab, dry screed cake may contain different materials. Therefore, they fit in the sequence:

• noise absorbing or soundproof material directly on floor slabs;
• polyethylene film with an overlap of strips of 15 cm minimum, the edges of which go onto the walls 2 cm above the level of the floor covering (launched under the damper tape), in the absence of acoustic material, they cover the ceiling with it;
• thermal insulation - over previous layers or one polyethylene film.

Important! It is not necessary to reinforce dry screeds, the contours of the warm floor are not used inside them. All risers of engineering systems passing through the ceiling are wrapped with damper tape.

Backfilling of expanded clay crumbs

To reduce labor costs, bulk material Compevit is applied to the previous layers of the dry screed cake using the following technology:

Important! When using a conventional galvanized profile, traces of shelves remain in the Compavit layer, which must be further leveled. The special Knauf tool allows you to avoid this operation - the guides are laid on top of expanded clay, and the rule has a special profile (cutouts along the edges), so there are no traces of lighthouses.

Laying GVL sheets

Unlike wet screeds, it is easier for the master to move around expanded clay by laying several pieces of GVL from 50 x 50 cm in size. Therefore, laying sheet material it is not necessary to start from the corner farthest to the doorway.

Unlike conventional GVL sheets, the manufacturer Knauf manufactures EP elements - two panels glued together with an offset of 5 cm. Due to the offset, a seam connection is obtained between adjacent rows by default.

The technology for installing the upper hard layer of a dry screed is as follows:

Important! The manufacturer completes the Superpol systems with self-tapping screws 3.9 mm long 19 - 45 mm (100 pieces in a box) marked MN.

The nuances of Superpole Knauf

V ideal dry screed should be installed in all areas of the home at once. Since at the junction with the doorway, expanded clay will spill out from under the GVL sheets. However, in practice, Superpol is mounted in separate rooms, so the following technique is used:

Thus, bulk material is completely limited by a rigid box, cannot spill out from under the top layer.

Important! Even light partitions are forbidden to lean on the Knauf Superfloor, so they must be erected before the installation of a dry screed.

Thus, the Knauf dry screed is a complete system with detailed guide album editing standard solutions manufacturer. However, you can make the design yourself from ordinary GVL sheets without special tools.

Advice! If you need repairmen, there is a very convenient service for their selection. Just send a detailed description of the work to be done in the form below and you will receive offers with prices from construction teams and firms. You can see reviews of each of them and photos with examples of work. It's FREE and there's no obligation.

To date, the Knauf system is the only one in the world where wet processes are not used. But the main drawback concrete screed- absolutely all its types - that you can start living in a room with such floors only on the 28th day, and not earlier. While prefabricated floors are ready for use on the second day. Here is such an interesting technology offered to the whole world by a German manufacturer. You can easily master it!

So, Knauf OP 13 floors are hollow and easily mounted dry-assembled structures designed for installation in public and residential buildings where there are:

• Increased requirements for soundproofing floors.
• There is no possibility to carry out "wet" finishing processes.
• Limited deadlines for all work.
• Serious floor leveling required.
• It is important to reduce the load on the floor.
• It is necessary to cover technical networks in a dry way.

Moreover, Knauf floors can be arranged both on concrete and on wooden surfaces. But they also have their own requirements for premises according to SNiPs:

1. Dry, normal and humid conditions.
2. Non-aggressive environment, with moderate and low intensity of mechanical impacts.
3. There are no restrictions on fire resistance and number of storeys of the building, as well as engineering-geological and climatic conditions.

Also, the Knauf superfloor is officially allowed to be equipped in wet rooms, like showers and bathrooms, but only with proper waterproofing. In this case, lay the Knauf or Flehendichtband waterproofing tape at the junction of the floor with the walls, and cover the entire surface with waterproofing.

All prefabricated floor bases KNAUF technologies are divided into the following types: Alpha, Beta, Vega and Gamma. Let's take a closer look at their differences:

• Alpha - construction on even floors.
• Beta - construction on a substrate of heat-insulating porous materials, but also on even floors.
• Vega is a construction on a substrate, which is a leveling layer of dry backfill.
• Gamma is a construction of a combined substrate of sound and heat insulating porous fibrous materials, also on a leveling layer of backfill.

But remember the main thing: Knauf-floors are intended for use in a room where the temperature is not lower than 10 ° C and humidity is about 60-70%.

If you are just going to screed the floor and want to know more about different kinds materials and methods of work, we advise you to read a brief educational program on the installation of screeds with your own hands:.

What is the advantage of this technology?

Here are the main advantages of the "superpole" from Knauf:

1. Excellent speed and quality of work at home.
2. No uncomfortable "wet" processes.
3. Considerable savings due to the fact that the building structure can be made lighter.
4. The ability of the structure to "breathe", absorb moisture in excess and give away in case of deficiency.
5. There are no restrictions on fantasy in different architectural solutions.
6. Ecological purity and favorable microclimate.
7. Full compliance with strict international standards.

So, just one square centimeter of Knauf floors can withstand up to 360 kg of weight. But such a coating is not allowed in the garage - heavy moving equipment is able to move and break the sheets.

Installation of Knauf floors - from A to Z

Preparatory work

So, first of all, we will prepare the old base. Under the elements of the Knauf floor, you can also install plumbing communications - but only before filling the expanded clay.

Before making a Knauf floor, you must carefully prepare concrete surface. So, all the cracks and gaps between the plates must be sealed with M500 cement mortar, after which the entire area must be carefully cleaned of debris.

If there are minor irregularities up to 5 mm on such a floor, then such floors must be leveled with the same corrugated cardboard. But it is better to fill local irregularities up to 20 mm with special “repair” mixtures. Well-proven, for example, "Vetonit 4000".

It is necessary to recapture the level, but there is no level on the farm, but you don’t want to buy an expensive tool for one-time use? Let's tell you how to make a laser level with your own hands from inexpensive and affordable parts:.

If there are potholes even more, then it is better to fill them with expanded clay of a fine fraction. They can also align the slope of the base, if any. But, if you are going to insulate the floors in front of the dry screed polystyrene boards, then you need to level with putty or a sand-cement mixture.

After preparing the floor, it is imperative to lay a waterproofing layer - after all, expanded clay does not like to come into contact with moisture. Therefore, cover the prepared base with a plastic film with an overlap on adjacent strips of at least 20 cm. At the walls, the edges of the film should be at least 2 cm higher than the future prefabricated floor. This is important to ensure vapor barrier. Instead of a film, you can also use corrugated or waxed paper, glassine, or the modern Svetofol vapor barrier.

For a concrete base, it is the film that is more suitable, and for wood flooring– Only backing paper laid with an overlap. If you have communications in the corrugation or pipes laid on the base, then also put a film under them - so that there are no empty cavities left.

How to fill and level dry backfill?

The expanded clay itself, which is used in the prefabricated screed, is wonderful thermal insulation material. It is necessary to take it in a small fraction, 2-4 mm, but you can’t take dumping from a large one - such floors will sag.

Before laying expanded clay sand, install beacons along laser level, after which you can use the trapezoidal rule.

It is important that the dry screed does not come into contact with the walls, and therefore along the walls along the perimeter they still lay a contour insulating tape 10 cm wide and 10 mm thick from mineral wool or polymeric at least 8 mm thick. The edge tape will have to compensate for deformation expansions.

Just pour the filling insulation on the floor and align it with a rail along the beacons - as in the photo instructions. Start from the wall opposite the entrance. Expanded clay must be rammed manually.

To get a perfectly flat floor, various beacons are used when leveling. Read more about this in the analysis of all options for any screed: .

What are the best sheets to cover?

Let's immediately understand how GKL plates differ from GVL. We are talking about two materials that are successfully used today with.

So, GKL is a drywall sheet. All its edges are lined with cardboard, except for the end part. In order for such a material to be strong enough, binders are added to the gypsum. And the cardboard itself is adhered to gypsum thanks to special adhesive additives. Cuts well and bends well. Although in prefabricated floors it is used much less frequently than other types.

But GVL is a gypsum-fiber sheet, absolutely homogeneous in composition. It is considered stronger than GKL, and more suitable for arranging a prefabricated floor. Unlike GKL, GVL is not produced by pressing gypsum, through reinforcement with cellulose from waste paper shredding, and with special additives. Such material is more durable and more fire resistant. But GKL will cost you less.

The manufacturer himself today offers only two sheet formats for the prefabricated floor: EP, because floor elements measuring 1200x600x20 and small-format casts GVLV. The first type consists of two moisture-resistant glued together gypsum fiber sheet with folds and a thickness of as much as 2 cm. But GVLV is a small-format high-quality and ecological pure material for rooms with high requirements for sound, heat insulation and fire safety. It is much more convenient to work with such ones due to the light weight of the sheets, and you can’t imagine a better one for home use.

And - this is already a new product from Knauf. Such material is also impregnated with a water-repellent hydrophobic substance, which protects well from steam and water. Distinctive feature such sheets green color. Therefore, if you are making a dry screed where there is a risk of water ingress, take this material:

What pleases, the surface of such floors is absolutely suitable for all existing types of floor coverings. You can even mount a floor heating system. But it is better to put only a water-heated floor on GVL slabs.

There are also different Knauf sheets along the edge - with a straight line, PC, and with a folded FK. You can understand what exactly you are buying by special marking on back side: sheet type, edge type, standard and parameters are indicated.

Knauf sheets are treated with a water repellent, well sanded and impregnated from chalking. When installing such sheets, the manufacturer himself is advised to put the material in advance in the room where the floor will be filled up. And for convenience, you can cut. And when arranging a seam, be sure to chamfer from the sheets - 1/3 of the sheet thickness.

And now let's clarify in more detail how exactly the GVL sheets are attached. So, the laying of the first layer is carried out from the doors, with a gap in the joints of no more than 1 mm. But if you use heat-insulating plates, then - from the opposite wall, with a joint offset of at least 20 cm.

Now we cover the entire first layer with adhesive. Apply glue sequentially to each sheet without gaps. In total, it will take you about 400g / m 2.

Lay the second layer across the 1st, with a gap of no more than 1 mm. It is important to top sheets covered the cruciform joints of the lower ones. Remove the adhesive protruding from the seams with a spatula. Each sheet of the 2nd layer is also fastened as it is laid with special screws for GVL. Use screws with anti-corrosion coating.

But pay attention: for GKL sheets there are some screws, and for GVL - completely different. The latter have a double thread and a device for self-sinking, which helps the screw to penetrate into the sheet by 12 mm and no longer get out of there due to some unexpected operational loads.

Checking finished floors

After laying the superfloor, cut off the excess film and tape.

The minimum thickness of the leveling layer should be about 2 cm. And usually the floors in the room using this technology rise by only 4-5 cm.

How even the floor turned out, check with a level and a control two-meter rail. In total, you need to make at least 5 such measurements.

An example of a strength test:

What problems might arise?

So why, with all the advantages of such a floor design, did not all builders switch to it? Because rumors are not uncommon that such a floor sank, caved in and generally collapsed after a couple of years. Like, it's all about the central vibro-impact load, while the walls have almost none. And supposedly then a noticeable “whipping” appears, because expanded clay, as a bulk material, will still be compacted over time.

But even those who have been professionally engaged in prefabricated floors for quite a long time still do not recommend laying on prefabricated floors. ceramic tiles or install a heavy cast-iron bathtub. But, at the same time, such people categorically do not accept the comparison of Knauf floors with a conventional screed - the former should be used where appropriate, and ordinary concrete will not replace them with all its strength advantages.

In addition, if there were no technological violations during the laying of Knauf floors, then neither deflection nor baying will occur even after twenty years. Here, for example, is a rather subtle point: if you use expanded clay backfill of the wrong gauge, then, of course, subsidence can occur. That is why the stories that somewhere Knauf floors sagged are just evidence of that the laying technology was violated. After all, expanded clay, like any bulk base, must not only be thrown with a shovel, but compacted, rammed, as sand is rammed when filling the foundation.