Connection example

Providing a house or apartment with heat is the number one task in the cold season. Therefore, every man in the street strives first of all to create an efficiently working system, which would be economically justified at the same time. And since most of the heating systems are of the radiator type, the question of how to properly connect the heating batteries is one of the most relevant.

For many, this does not mean anything, especially for those who first encounter the problem of piping a heating system. But those who have already dealt with the creation of such schemes, perfectly understands what is at stake.

There are not so many classifications of types of piping and piping, especially when it comes to piping radiators. Therefore, it will not be very difficult to understand this issue. Most often, it is the piping that affects the nature of the connection of battery radiators. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the classification different systems heating and determine which of them is best suited for this or that connection.

Heating system classification

The main criterion for dividing heating systems is the number of circuits. On this basis, all heating systems are divided into two groups:

1. One-pipe.
2. Two-pipe.

The first option is the simplest and cheapest. This is, in fact, a ring from boiler to boiler, where heating radiators are installed in the gaps. If it comes to a one-story building, then this is rim this option, in which you can use the natural circulation of the coolant. But in order for the temperature to be uniform in all rooms of the house, it is necessary to provide for some measures. For example, build up sections on the extreme heatsinks in the chain.

The best option for such a pipe scheme is to connect the battery using the Leningrad method. In fact, it turns out that regular pipe passes through all the rooms near the floor, and they crash into it radiator batteries... In this case, the so-called bottom frame is used. That is, the radiator is connected to the pipe through two lower nozzles - it enters one coolant and exits the other.

Attention! Heat loss with this type of battery connection is 12-13%. This is the most high level heat losses. So before making such a decision, weigh the pros and cons. Initial savings can turn into high operating costs.

Permissible errors

In general, this is a good wiring diagram that pays off in small buildings. And in order to evenly distribute the coolant over all radiators, you can install circulation pump... The investment is inexpensive, and the device works perfectly and requires little power consumption. On the other hand, an even distribution of heat throughout all rooms is ensured.

By the way, the one-pipe piping scheme is very often used in city apartments. True, the bottom battery connection cannot be used here. The same should be said for the two-pipe system.

Other types of connection

There are more profitable options than the bottom connection, which provide a decrease in heat loss:

Diagonal view

1. Diagonal. All experts have long come to the conclusion that this type of connection is ideal, regardless of which piping scheme it is used in. The only system where it is not possible to use this type is the horizontal lower one-pipe system. That is, the same Leningrad woman. What is the essence of the diagonal connection? The coolant moves diagonally inside the radiator - from the upper branch pipe to the lower one. It turns out that hot water is evenly distributed throughout the entire internal volume of the device, going from top to bottom, that is naturally... And since the speed of water movement is not very high during natural circulation, the heat transfer will be high. Heat loss in this case is only 2%.
2. Lateral, or one-sided. This type is very often used in apartment buildings... The connection is made to the side connections on one side. Experts believe that this type is one of the most effective, but only if the circulation of the coolant under pressure is installed in the system. There are no problems with this in city apartments. And to provide it in a private house, you will have to install a circulation pump.

What is the advantage of one species over others? In fact, correct connection- this is the key to effective heat transfer and reduction of heat loss. But in order to properly connect the battery, you need to prioritize.

Take, for example, a two-story private house... What to prefer in this case? There are several options here:

Two and one pipe systems

• Install a side-connected one-pipe system.
• Install a two-pipe system with a diagonal connection.
• Use a one-pipe system with bottom wiring on the first floor and with upper wiring on the second.

So you can always find connection diagram options. Of course, you will have to take into account some nuances, for example, the location of the premises, the presence of a basement or attic. But in any case, it is important to correctly distribute the radiators among the rooms, taking into account the number of their sections. That is, the power of the heating system will have to be taken into account without fail even with such a question as the correct connection of radiators.

In a one-story private house, it will not be very difficult to correctly connect the battery, given the length of the heating circuit. If this is a one-pipe Leningrad circuit, then only the bottom connection is possible. If the two-pipe scheme, then you can use collector system or sunny. Both options are based on the principle of connecting one radiator to two circuits - coolant supply and return. In this case, the top piping is most often used, where the distribution along the contours is carried out in the attic.

By the way, this option is considered optimal both in terms of operation and during the repair process. Each circuit can be disconnected from the system without shutting down the latter. For this, a shut-off valve is installed at the point where the pipes are split. Exactly the same is mounted after the radiator on the return pipe. One has only to close both valves to cut off the circuit. After draining the coolant, you can safely engage in repairs. In this case, all other circuits will operate normally.

Classic system

Many people think that the option of connecting a radiator is not so important when it comes to heat dissipation. After all, a lot will depend on the type of heat source chosen. For example, bimetallic heating radiators have a higher heat transfer than cast iron ones. But imagine that cast-iron devices are installed according to the diagonal principle of the movement of the coolant, and bimetallic ones along the bottom. In the first case, heat loss is 2%, and in the second - 12%. The difference in losses is as much as 10%. For the heating system, this is enough high rate, which will affect not only temperature regime indoors, but also on the amount of fuel consumed. This is very important for private houses.

Today, experts give recommendations on how to increase the heat transfer of devices. To do this, on the wall behind the radiator, you can install a reflective panel, for example, a regular piece of fiberboard, finished aluminum foil... But keep in mind that the distance from the wall to the radiator in this case should be at least 1.5 cm.

Conclusion on the topic

What is the conclusion? Correct connection of heating radiators is important criterion efficient operation of the entire system. This will affect not only the temperature inside the rooms, but also the fuel consumption. And saving today has become the main indicator on which the well-being of every inhabitant of apartments and private houses depends.

Heating batteries can be connected in one of three ways. When choosing, it must be borne in mind that each has its own pros and cons. The pipe layout is the basis for the selection. Diagonal is not used in city apartments, as they usually have a side connection. However, some DIYers and professionals when choosing effective system they prefer the diagonal version.

Features of the diagonal connection diagram

If you also wondered why the diagonal connection is the most effective, then you should consider this option in more detail. If we take into account the process, where hot air or water is involved, then the action will take place according to one physical law, which involves the rise of warm masses upward, while cold ones go down.

To ensure an even distribution of heat throughout the volume of the radiator, the coolant should be distributed over the battery. As mentioned above, side connection in city apartments acts as the main circuit. After all, it is used there forced circulation under high pressure... The diameter of the outgoing and outgoing connections is only 20 mm. Through them, water enters the battery under high pressure, which allows you to evenly and quickly fill the device.

If we are talking about private housing construction, where the circulation is natural, the filling of radiators occurs under the influence of the aforementioned physical law. That is why hot streams penetrate through the upper branch pipe, pushing cold water through the bottom outlet on the opposite side. The two nozzles are located diagonally when viewed from the device. Hence the name of the connection. The coolant fills the battery gradually, giving off heat to the entire volume. It is necessary to take into account not only the law of heat transfer, but also the physical law. That is why this scheme is the most effective.

Features of the implementation of the diagonal scheme

You can implement the diagonal connection of the heating radiator yourself. Work should begin with preparing the battery. To do this, you need to take care of the availability:

• heating devices themselves;
• shut-off valves;
• pipes;
• fittings;
• other additional devices such as heat meters, a Mayevsky crane and a thermal head.

At the first stage of the work, a radiator is installed. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the rules. This is due to the fact that the efficiency of heat transfer will depend on them. When a diagonal heating radiator is used, part of the window opening must be aligned with the axis of the radiator. To the upper collector from the window sill, it is necessary to maintain a distance of within 15 cm. As for the step from the floor to the lower part of the collector, it should be the same. A distance of 5 cm should be set from the wall to the battery. Errors may occur. If we are talking about the distance to the window sill or the floor, then the error can reach 4 cm, while the step between the battery and the wall can be increased or decreased by 1 cm.

If you decide to use a diagonal connection of a heating radiator, then you must take into account some assumptions that will affect the rate of heat transfer. For example, if there is no window sill in the room, then this indicator can be increased by a maximum of 20%. Moving the battery closer to the floor will reduce heat transfer by 7%. To increase the efficiency of heat dissipation, professionals recommend complementing the radiator with a reflective screen that is installed on the wall. You can use for this fiberboard sheet or cardboard, each covered with foil. In this case, the heat transfer can be increased by 25%.

If you want to achieve correct work radiator, you should approach the conduct and installation with the utmost care. It is important to correctly align the instrument horizontally. You can get rid of distortions using a level. At this stage, it will be important to apply the markings. Once the markings can be applied, the brackets can be installed.

A self-tapping screw is used as a fastener, installed on plastic dowels. On sale today you can find brackets that are shaped like pins. They are screwed into a dowel of impressive diameter. Now everything is ready to install the radiator and connect it to the piping system.

Radiator complete set for diagonal circuit

A diagonal diagram for connecting heating radiators necessarily assumes a complete set of batteries. To do this, it is supplemented with which you can release air. You need to take care of the availability of metal couplings, which are also known as American women. They are installed in the branch pipe, for this you need to use threaded metal couplings. Valves are strengthened to the latter, one such element should fall on each branch pipe. This will cut off the battery from heating network if you are faced with the need for repairs. In this case, the system itself will operate normally.

More information on diagonal wiring

The diagonal connection diagram of heating radiators in city apartments is rarely used. However, according to experts, this technique can be used if the number of sections in one battery exceeds 12 pieces. At the bottom side connection, as well as when circulating water under pressure, the head will not be able to overpower such a number of sections. The extreme ones will remain a little warm, and there will be no sense from them.

This scheme is used in a two-pipe wiring system. The falling circuit must be connected to the upper branch pipe, while the return circuit must be connected to the lower one. If the circulation is forced, then the connection can be carried out the other way around, but in this case you will encounter a decrease in efficiency.

For reference

When using a diagonal connection of heating radiators in a private house, heat losses through batteries are 2%. Therefore, when carrying out heat engineering calculations, in this case, a coefficient is taken that is 1.1.

The main types of connection

There is also one-way connection, at which the feed pipe hot water and the return pipe will be connected to one side of the radiator. The application of this principle is rational for single-storey buildings. The scheme is suitable if you want to connect a long radiator with up to 15. But if this parameter is increased, the heating efficiency will decrease, because the last sections will be colder.

Considering the main options for connecting heating radiators, you should also pay attention to the bottom connection, which is suitable for those systems whose pipes pass under the floor surface. In this case, there will be a small piece of pipe above the surface, leading to the lower branch pipe. The inlet pipe is installed on one side of the battery, while the outlet pipe is on the other. The disadvantage of this method is significant heat loss, which reaches 15%. At the top, the battery may not fully warm up.

Important to remember

A single-pipe diagonal connection of heating radiators is used quite rarely, because such a scheme has a significant drawback, expressed in the absence of the possibility of adjusting the heat supply. Thus, the user will not be able to adjust the degree of heating of the radiators, in some cases this feature is a significant disadvantage. However, heat transfer is calculated even when creating a heating project, and in the future it must correspond to the specified parameters.

Main advantages of diagonal connection

The diagonal method is good because it can provide the highest heat transfer coefficient. This is true when compared with the rest of the above schemes. In other words, in the case of a diagonal connection, you can provide the room with the maximum amount of heat. The diagonal connection of heating radiators in the apartment should ensure the movement of the coolant inside the battery with the formation of a gradient circuit.

The effectiveness of this scheme may decrease, which will happen when a large number sections. But even in this case, their limiting number can be 24, while in the lateral scheme this parameter is only 12. This feature can be considered an important advantage, because you can use longer radiators. With lateral connection, an increase in the number of sections will be accompanied by less effective work elements located on the sides.

Main disadvantages

Diagonal connection of heating radiators, the pros and cons of which are described in the article, can also be used by you. An important disadvantage of this scheme is not too attractive design... After all, one cannot argue with the fact that the additional pipe does not look very aesthetically pleasing. It connects the return pipe and the upper radiator hose, the first of which runs from the bottom. The downside is that not all city apartments have the ability to provide this type of connection. Indeed, during the construction of Soviet high-rise buildings, they strove for the minimum consumption of materials, and often did not install a separate bypass.

Conclusion

Diagonal connection of the heating radiator with one-pipe system although undesirable, it is still possible. But at the same time, you should take into account that in order to increase the level of heat transfer, it is important to take into account the increasing coefficient, which sometimes reaches 1.2. Thus, the passport heat transfer must be increased by 20%.

To keep the house warm, it is important to correctly develop a heating scheme. One of the components of its effectiveness is the connection of heating radiators. It does not matter whether you are going to install cast iron, aluminum, bimetallic or steel radiators, it is important to choose The right way their connections.

Types of heating systems

The amount of heat that a heating radiator will emit depends not least on the type of heating system and the selected type of connection. To choose the best option, you must first figure out what kind of heating systems are and how they differ.

Single pipe

One-pipe heating system is the most economical option in terms of installation costs. Therefore, it is this type of wiring that is preferred in multi-storey buildings, although in private such a system is far from uncommon. With this scheme, the radiators are connected to the line in series and the coolant first passes through one heating part, then enters the inlet of the second, and so on. The output of the last radiator is connected to the inlet of the heating boiler or to the riser in high-rise buildings.

The disadvantage of this wiring method is the impossibility of adjusting the heat transfer of the radiators. By installing a regulator on any of the radiators, you will regulate the rest of the system. The second significant disadvantage is different temperature coolant on various radiators. Those that are closer to the boiler heat up very well, those farther - get colder. This is a consequence of the series connection of heating radiators.

Two-pipe wiring

The two-pipe heating system differs in that it has two pipelines - supply and return. Each radiator is connected to both, that is, it turns out that all radiators are connected to the system in parallel. This is good because a coolant of the same temperature is supplied to the input of each of them. Second positive moment- a thermostat can be installed on each of the radiators and with its help you can change the amount of heat that it emits.

The disadvantage of such a system is that the number of pipes in the wiring of the system is almost twice as large. But the system can be easily balanced.

Where to install radiators

Traditionally, heating radiators are placed under windows and this is no coincidence. Upstream warm air cuts off the cold that comes from the windows. In addition, warm air heats the glass, preventing condensation from forming on them. Only for this it is necessary that the radiator occupies at least 70% of the width of the window opening. This is the only way the window will not fog up. Therefore, when choosing the power of radiators, select it so that the width of the entire radiator is not less than a given value.

In addition, it is necessary to correctly select the height of the radiator and the place for its placement under the window. It must be placed so that the distance to the floor is in the region of 8-12 cm. If it is lowered below, it will be inconvenient to clean, if raised higher, it will be cold to the feet. The distance to the window sill is also regulated - it should be 10-12 cm. In this case, warm air will freely go around the barrier - the window sill - and rise along the window glass.

And the last distance that must be maintained when connecting heating radiators is the distance to the wall. It should be 3-5 cm. In this case, ascending streams of warm air will rise along the rear wall of the radiator, the heating rate of the room will improve.

Radiator connection diagrams

How well the radiators will heat up depends on how the coolant is supplied to them. There are more and less effective options.

Bottom connection radiators

All heating radiators have two types of connection - side and bottom. There can be no discrepancies with the bottom connection. There are only two pipes - inlet and outlet. Accordingly, on the one hand, the coolant is supplied to the radiator, on the other, it is discharged.

Specifically, where to connect the feed, and where the reverse is written in the installation instructions, which must be available.

Radiators with side connection

With lateral connection, there are much more options: here the supply and return pipelines can be connected into two nozzles, respectively, there are four options.

Option number 1. Diagonal connection

Such a connection of heating radiators is considered the most effective, it is taken as a standard and this is how manufacturers test their heating devices and the data in the passport for thermal power - for such a connection. All other types of connection give off heat less efficiently.

This is because at diagonal connection of batteries, the hot coolant is fed to the upper inlet from one side, passes through the entire radiator and exits from the opposite, lower side.

Option number 2. Unilateral

As the name implies, pipelines are connected on one side - supply from above, return - from below. This option is convenient when the riser runs to the side of heater, which is often the case in apartments, because this type of connection usually prevails. When the coolant is supplied from below, such a scheme is rarely used - it is not very convenient to place pipes.

With such a connection of radiators, the heating efficiency is only slightly lower - by 2%. But this is only if there are few sections in the radiators - no more than 10. With a longer battery, its farthest from the edge will not heat well or even remain cold. V panel radiators to solve the problem, flow extenders are installed - tubes that bring the coolant a little further than the middle. The same devices can be installed in aluminum or bimetallic radiators while improving heat transfer.

Option number 3. Bottom or saddle connection

Of all the options, the saddle connection of heating radiators is the least efficient. The losses are approximately 12-14%. But this option is the most inconspicuous - pipes are usually laid on the floor or under it, and this method is the most optimal from the point of view of aesthetics. And so that losses do not affect the temperature in the room, you can take a radiator a little more powerful than required.

On systems with natural circulation This type of connection should not be done, but if there is a pump, it works well. In some cases, it is not even worse than the lateral one. It's just that at a certain speed of movement of the coolant, vortex flows arise, the entire surface heats up, and heat transfer increases. These phenomena have not yet been fully studied, therefore it is still impossible to predict the behavior of the coolant.

The tasks of the heating system include optimal and uniform heating. various premises in winter, therefore, the radiator must be connected in accordance with all the rules.

Purpose of the heating system

In a private house or apartment, it should be installed from 18 to 25 degrees. In winter, this indicator can be achieved only with a high-quality heating system. Its efficiency must correspond to the area of ​​the building, it must be correct scheme.

Heating devices compensate for heat losses, which are mandatory in any room, because heat is escaping through windows, doors and even communication elements.

Especially you need to pay attention to what kind of heater connection schemes exist, and select the desired option. It is advisable to make a choice even at the stage of building a house or apartment.

The best is to connect heating radiators to central system, since in this case we get an effective and reliable system providing uniform and constant heating in winter. Many private houses are located far from the city, so use the connection to centralized heating not always possible.

That's why you have to create your own autonomous systems that:

• must have high efficiency;
• if desired, you can do it on your own;
• numerous nodes must be correctly formed and adjusted;
• installation must be carried out in accordance with all requirements and conditions;
• there must be a reliable and correct strapping systems.

To ensure uniform and high-quality heating of the premises in the house, it is important to know which elements affect it:

1. Correct wiring of the network, which affects the efficiency of heating and how evenly the rooms will heat up, and the price for heating depends on this.
2. The correct equipment for the system, for which you need to make calculations that will determine what efficiency, power and other parameters the main elements should have. Fuel consumption depends on this.
3. Correct installation of the main components and elements of the heating system, which include the pipeline, radiators, fittings, a boiler with a pump. If any actions are performed incorrectly, then the heating will work poorly or stop functioning altogether.

Read also: Power and number of sections of aluminum radiators

Before the installation of all heating elements is carried out, you need to calculate and select a connection diagram for heating radiators. It is necessary to select batteries that will have the required efficiency and other characteristics. Other installation materials must be purchased. The work itself should be performed independently only after careful study of the instructions.

How to choose a scheme

Initially, you need to know which ones exist. connection types heating radiators:

• (serial connection);
• (parallel connection).

The very connection of the pipeline to the batteries can be done in the following ways:

• bottom;
• one-sided;
• diagonal.

All have their own characteristics. Some units are mounted in different ways.

If it is supposed to carry out the installation of a sequential circuit, then on one battery in the gravitational network there should not be more than 12 sections. If a circulation pump is used, then there should be no more than 24 sections. In this case, you can achieve the highest efficiency of the system and high safety of its use.

Installation rules

Before connecting a radiator, the following requirements must be taken into account:

• the distance from the floor to the battery should be approximately 10 cm;
• the distance from the window sill to the radiator is 10 cm;
• all nodes must be connected in accordance with the requirements specified by the manufacturers;
• from the wall to the product must be more than 2 cm.

Work process

When connected the following actions should be performed:

1. At the place where it is supposed to install the device, you need to apply a markup that will indicate future areas for the brackets.
2. Brackets are fixed to the wall of the room.
3. The radiators themselves are strapped, which involves the installation of shut-off and control valves. Usually, Mayevsky cranes are used for this.
4. Other additional assemblies and elements are installed, which include plugs or valves.
5. The radiator itself is mounted, for which it is attached to the brackets. It is important to correctly adjust the device so that there are no distortions or other problems.
6. The battery is connected to the pipeline in one of the ways: diagonal, bottom or one-sided.
7. The structure is pressurized, then water can be started up to check the tightness and correct operation of the equipment.
8. Heating use.

What does the correct connection of a heating radiator look like? We will analyze the connection diagrams used in private houses and city apartments, and pipes, fittings and valves used for this purpose. In addition, we will find out what mistakes can be made when designing and installing a heating system.

Outline diagrams

If in a city apartment the circuit of the heating system as a whole or its separate loop does not depend on our efforts, then in a private house the circuit is designed from scratch.

Two fundamentally different schemes can be distinguished:

• One-pipe, which is the only filling along the perimeter of the heated building. Heating devices cut parallel to the filling.

Note: Sequential battery installation is also practiced; it is inconvenient in that it does not allow independent adjustment of devices.

• Two-pipe- independent feeding and return filling. Each radiator acts as a jumper between them.

Dignity one-pipe scheme- low cost, ease of installation and exceptional fault tolerance. Disadvantages - a significant variation in temperatures between the first and last heating device, as well as the problem of laying around the perimeter of the house in the presence of high openings and panoramic windows.

The two-pipe scheme is devoid of these drawbacks, however, under certain conditions, it can create much more serious problems for the owner. Batteries closest to the boiler extinguish the difference between fillings, which slows down the circulation in distant devices. That is why the two-pipe system requires mandatory balancing - throttling of the supply lines and adjusting their throughput to equalize temperatures.

This problem is gracefully bypassed in a passing two-pipe system - the Tichelmann circuit, all of whose loops are of equal length.

Radiator insert

What can be the ways to connect heating radiators to bottoms and risers?

Please note: in a closed autonomous system heating, you can forget about the problem of siltation of batteries.
A small amount of suspended solids contained in the coolant quickly collects in the sump and does not create problems in the future.
Accordingly, it makes sense to choose those types of connecting heating radiators that will provide maximum heat transfer.

Errors

Incorrect connection of heating radiators can lead to malfunctions of the central heating system, an autonomous circuit, or seriously reduce the heat transfer of the device.

What mistakes can be made when installing batteries?

• Placing your radiator between the supply and return risers on any floor except the upper one will freeze your neighbors in the riser. The coolant will circulate in a small ring - through your battery, but the heat transfer of all devices above the impromptu jumper will drop sharply.
• Radiator inset with any shut-off or throttling valves on the connections without a bridge in front of the taps or throttles. In this case, a closed tap will stop circulation in the entire riser.

• Lateral connection of a multi-section radiator, as already mentioned, will lead to a drop in heat transfer from the outer sections.
• The connection will also lead to a drop in thermal power relative to the nominal heating radiators understated diameter liner. The standard is DN15 (1/2 ") pipe with up to seven sections and DN20 (3/4") with more sections.

Choice of materials

The choice of pipes, batteries and fittings affects the efficiency and safety of the heating system at least no less than its scheme. What materials should be preferred in different cases?

Central heating

The standard parameters of the central heating (4-6 kgf / cm2, 40-95 C) seem to allow the use of any modern pipes, batteries and fittings in it.

However, practice shows that it is better to refuse some of their types:

1. The calculated value of the coolant temperature is often exceeded by very coldy... With mass complaints about the cold in apartments, it is sometimes practiced to operate the elevator units without a nozzle, with a muffled suction. In this mode, the batteries can heat up to 130 - 140 C.
2. Abrupt closure of any element of the shut-off valves due to the incompetence of a locksmith or a breakdown will lead to a water hammer with a short-term pressure increase up to 20-25 atmospheres.

Cast iron radiators are designed for a pressure of 9 - 15 atmospheres and can collapse with a water hammer.

It is the probability of emergency situations that leaves its mark on the choice of equipment for the central heating.

Pipes

For the installation of connections, the following can be used:

• Steel VGP (water and gas) pipe with welded joints;
• VGP galvanized pipe with threads. Welds contraindicated her anti-corrosion coating: at high temperatures zinc burns out;
• Corrugated stainless pipe on compression fittings.

The last option is attractive in that it is easily assembled by hand using the simplest tool - a pair of adjustable wrenches. Price corrugated pipe with a diameter of 1/2 inch, it is about 200 rubles per running meter.

Radiators

Central heating systems use:

• , which are a coil of a pipe with ribbing that increases heat transfer;
• Bimetallic radiators. The steel core makes them resistant to pressure surges up to 25 - 40 kgf / cm2;
• In rooms in which aesthetics does not play a decisive role, the installation of home-made all-welded tubular radiators (registers) is practiced. Typically, the connection steel radiators heating is carried out with a black steel pipe on welded joints.

Heating system

Pipes

Fully controlled parameters autonomous circuits allow the use of inexpensive and durable polypropylene and metal-plastic pipes in them.

A couple of subtleties are associated with their installation:

• For metal-plastic, it is preferable not compression, but press fittings, which better tolerate multiple heating and cooling cycles;
• For polypropylene, reinforcement is desirable to reduce pipe elongation when heated.

Radiators

Everything is simple here: our choice is cheap, aesthetic and high heat dissipation aluminum batteries.

Aluminum sectional batteries are an excellent choice for a stand-alone circuit.

Fittings and fittings

For connecting the heater to taps and connections last years American women are massively used - fittings with a union nut, which make it possible to make the connection quick-disconnect.

The following can be used as control and shut-off valves:

1. Ball Valves;
2. Cone taps (chokes), allowing to regulate heat transfer in manual mode;
3. Thermostatic valves with thermal heads, allowing automatic maintenance of the set air temperature.

On the upper floors apartment buildings and in cases where the upper radiator manifold is the upper point of a separate loop of the circuit, the radiator plug is equipped with a Mayevsky valve - a simple device for bleeding air plugs.

Conclusion

We hope that our overview of the connection schemes and used in heating systems materials will help the reader make the right decision when planning their own renovation or construction. The video in this article will offer him additional thematic information. Good luck!