Now many residents of private houses are installed for the main or additional heating of water warm floor. It has a lot of benefits: increases comfort, evenly warms the room, does not require additional energy costs (since it works from one boiler with radiators). The instruction in our article will make installation of water warm floors, not even having experience. However, before this it is worth examining all the nuances.

Best of all the warm water floor system is combined with styling under and tiles.

• First, both materials are durable and durable.
• Secondly, they do not distinguish harmful substances when heated.
• And thirdly, the heating perfectly complements the tile (the material itself is cold), and it can be even for a barefoot due to high heat capacity.

Of course, the warm floor can be done, under linoleum, PVC tiles and even carpet, with a special note.

But, for example, carpet makes no sense, and it is impossible to exceed the surface temperature above 31 ° C, according to SNiP 41-01-2003. Otherwise, it will provoke the release of harmful substances.

Installation in the apartment

Probably, many residents have had a thought to independently connect "on free" Water warm floors to the system central heating or DHW. And some do it even, but in most cases it is prohibited by local legislation.

For example, in Moscow, Government Decree No. 73-PP dated February 8, 2005, in Appendix No. 2, it is clearly written about the ban on the re-equipment of public water supply systems for the floor heating device.

Violating the rules in best case, You can get a penalty at the first visit to Plumbers. And at worst - the risk of leaving neighbors without heating.

In some regions, the ban does not work, but an examination is required to connect not to disrupt the operation of the system.

In general, from a technical point of view, such options are possible, but only when connecting a separate pump mixing node and maintaining pressure in the exit system.

Note! If in apartment house It is an inkjet pump (elevator), it is impossible to use metal-plastic and polypropylene tubes.

Floor installation methods

There are several ways to arrange a warm water floor.

• The most popular and reliable one is a concrete screed. Unlike electrical species, the pipes 16 mm in the tile glue can not be hidden, and it will not work. Therefore, the screed is poured at least 3 cm above the pipes.
• The second way is to lay the pipes into the cut out of the styrofoam grooves. The grooves are done manually, inside the pipes, then poured the screed.
• The following option is often used in houses with wooden floors, although it requires large labor costs - this is laying in wooden grooves. To do this, the boards are stuffed onto the floor, which create a chit of the desired form for laying.

Used types of pipes

For warm water floors, three types of pipes will fit.

• Stitched polyethylene tubes (PEX-EVOH-PEX) - uncomfortable in work, because it is difficult to give them fit form (When heated, they straightened). But they are not afraid of frozen liquid and maintainable.
• Metal-plastic pipes - the optimal option: low price, Easy in installation, stably hold the form.
• Copper pipes are expensive, when used in the screed, they need to close the protective layer to prevent alkaline effects.

Calculation of warm water floors

Before mounting and purchasing materials, it is necessary to make a warm floor calculation. To do this, draw a circuit diagram, which is then useful when carrying out repair work to know the position of the pipes.

• If we are confident that in a certain place will always stand the furniture or plumbing, in this place the pipe does not fit.
• The length of the contour with a diameter of 16 mm should not exceed 100 m (maximum for 20 mm will be 120 m), otherwise the pressure in the system will be bad. Thus, each contour approximately takes no more than 15 square meters. m.
• The difference between the length of several contours should be small (less than 15 m), that is, they must all be uniform length. Large rooms, respectively, divide into several contours.
• The optimal step of laying pipes is 15 cm when using good thermal insulation. If the winter is often frost below -20, the step is reduced to 10 cm (only in the outer walls). And in the north can not do without additional radiators.
• In case of laying step 15 cm, the flow consumption is approximately 6.7 m per square room, when laying every 10 cm - 10 m.

The graph shows the dependence of the flow density from average temperature coolant. The dotted line shows the pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, and solid lines - 16 mm.

The graph shows the data are valid only when using a cement-sand tie with a thickness of 7 cm, coated with tiles. If the thickness of the screed is increased, for example, 1 cm, then the density of the heat loss is reduced by 5-8%.

• To find the flux density, the amount of the heat loss of the room in watts is divided into the area of \u200b\u200blaying pipes (deduct indents from the walls).
• The average temperature is calculated as the average value at the inlet in the contour and the output from the return.

The optimal temperature at the input and outlet should not be different by more than 5-10 degrees. The maximum coolant temperature should not exceed 55 ° C.

According to the diagram, only a rough calculation can be performed and make the final adjustment due to the mixing unit and thermostats. For accurate design, be sure to turn to professional heat engineers.

Tart of warm floor

Warm water laying technology consists of several layers, which are placed in a certain sequence. The total thickness of the cake is 8-14 cm, the load on the overlap is up to 300 kg / kV. m.

In case the basis - concrete plate:

• waterproofing;
• insulation;
• reinforcement grid;
• pipe of water heating floor;
• screed.

For waterproofing, it is permissible to use a conventional polyethylene film or special materials. The damper tape is made from the sliced \u200b\u200bstrips of thermal insulation with a thickness of 1-2 cm, or buy a ready-made version with self-adhesive base.
The selection of insulation depends on several factors: region, base material. For example, for floors on the soil, the extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of at least 5 cm is used (optimally 10), and if under the floor of the first floor there is a warm base, then you can use more subtle options from 3 cm.

The main purpose of the insulation is to direct heat from heating up and prevent large heat loss.

In case the base is the floors of the soil:

• bulk ground 15 cm;
• crushed stone 10 cm;
• sand 5 cm;
• rough screed;
• waterproofing;
• damper tape around the perimeter;
• extruded polystyrene foam at least 5 cm;
• reinforced screed with coolants.

Preparatory layers under the draft screed is important to be carefully layered. With a dense ending of the base and the use of extruded polystyrene foaming, it will not be necessary to make a draft screed.

Installation of a warm floor

Suppose a good base has already been prepared: a smooth concrete plate or a falling layer without strong drops. The drops should not exceed 7 mm when checking a two-meter rail. If there are irregularities, they can be covered with sand.

Waterproofing

Someone lays waterproofing under the bottom of the insulation, someone, on the contrary, upstairs, and some use both there and there.
If extruded polystyrene foam is used, it practically does not need waterproofing, so its position is not as critical. But it will not give cement milk to penetrate between the seams of the insulation and go to the stove and will additionally restrain moisture from the bottom.
If you fix it at the bottom of the insulation, it is possible to mount the pipes on the warm floor straight to the insulation. If the waterproofing is steles upstairs, then the mounting mesh is required for fastening pipes.

We put waterproofing with the allen on the walls by 20 cm, and on each other. Shakes glue a tape for sealing.

Dampfer tape

If the finished tape is purchased - just glue it around the perimeter. It usually has a thickness of 5-8 mm and a height of 10-15 cm. The height should be higher than the level of the fill, the excess is cut into a knife. If the tape is made with your own hands, then be sure to glue or fasten it with self-storms to the wall.

The linear expansion of the concrete is 0.5 mm per meter when heated to 40 ° C.

Insulation

The leaf insulation for warm water floor is stacked with the displacement of the joints so that it is tightly connected.

Reinforcement

The first layer of the reinforcement grid is usually placed on the insulation and is used as a base for fastening the contours and uniform heat distribution over the surface. Between themselves mesh bind with wire. The grid on the nylon clamps fasten the pipes.

The diameter of the rods of the mesh is 4-5 mm, and the cell size is depending on the styling step, for convenient mounting.

In addition, be sure to lay reinforcement over the pipes, since it will not give almost no effect on the bottom of the mesh, if it is lying at the bottom itself. Either during the fill to put the grid on the stand, creating a gap.

Pipe fixation methods

Water warm floor can be laid in several ways, list them.

• Stripping clamp from polyamide. Use for quick fastening of pipes to the mounting grid. Consumption - about 2 pieces per 1 m.
• Steel fastening wire. Also used for mounting to the grid, the consumption is exactly the same.
• Stapler and clamps. Suitable for rapid fixation of pipes to thermal insulation. Consumption of fixators is 2 pieces per 1 m.
• Fixing truck It is a U-shaped PVC bar, which serves as the basis for laying pipes 16 or 20 mm. Hard attached to the floor.
• Mats for warm water floors of polystyrene. In the middle of the grooves between the columns the pipe is stacked.
• Distribution aluminum plate. Used when mounting in wooden floors, reflects and evenly distributes heat over the surface.

Application of various types fasteners of pipes

Laying pipes

Pipes are laid with an indentation from the walls of 15-20 cm. Each contour is extremely desirable to do from a single pipe without welding, and their length should not be more than 100 m. The step between the pipes at the walls is 10 cm, closer to the center - 15 cm.

Warm floor laying circuit is different, for example, a spiral or snake. Outdoor walls try to make the laying step more often or hold the contour from feeding next to the cold walls. An example of a scheme for enhanced heating of exterior walls is shown in the photo, it is better to use this option in the cold regions:



In the remaining cases, the contours of the spiral (snail) are usually placed, this is a universal version.

In places with a large cluster of pipes to avoid overheating of the surface, some of them are closed with a heat insulating tube.

Metal-plastic 16 mm and 20 mm is easy to flex manually, without the use of special tools. In order to break the tubes to the angle of a small radius and at the same time not to crack her, the angles bend into several goals (hand interceptions).
At an angle of 90 °, approximately 5-6 interceptions. This means, at the beginning, resting big fingers, make a little bend, then slightly shift hands towards the bend and repeat the actions.

Invalid the presence of fuses on pipes in places of sudden turns.

Polypropylene tubes bend much harder because they spring. Therefore, they are heated or made to bend them, but in the case of a warm floor - simply attach to the grid, making bends less sharp.

Installation of water heat starts from connecting the first end of the pipe to the distribution collector, and after laying the room immediately plug (second end).

Constorm connection

In most cases, the contours are connected through the distribution unit. It carries several functions: increase pressure in the system, temperature adjustment, uniform feeding to several contours, combination together with radiators.

There are many schemes for connecting to the boiler, which we wrote in the article about: with manual adjustment, with weather automatics and autorugulation with servo drives and sensors.

Euroconus fitting

Pipes are connected to the collector using the Euroconus clamping fittings.

Pressing

When you are finished the installation of all contours, be sure to conduct pneumatic testing of the system for tightness. For this, with the help of the compressor is crimping. A small household compressor with a pressure of more than 6 bar is suitable for testing. The pressure in the system is adjusted to 4 bar and leave it for all the time before the system is started.

Since the air molecules are much less than water molecules, it will be possible to detect even a small depressurization. In addition, water can freeze if they do not have time to connect heating, and nothing will become with the air.

Chatting of a warm floor

Filling the screed is made only after installing all contours and hydraulic tests. It is recommended to use a concrete not lower than M-300 (B-22.5) with a rubble fraction of 5-20 mm. The minimum thickness of 3 cm above the pipe is made not only for the sake of obtaining the desired strength, but also for the uniform distribution of heat over the surface. Weight of 1 square. m. Chats with a thickness of 5 cm is up to 125 kg.

With a screed thickness, more than 15 cm or at high loads require an additional calculation of the thermal mode.

With an increase in the thickness of the screed, more time is required to heat it up to a certain temperature after switching on, as well as the inertia of the system. The lower the thermal conductivity of the screed, the higher the temperature of the coolant will be taken.

Deformational seams

Examples of the separation of a large room on the zones

The absence or improper position of temperature gaps is the most common reason for the destruction of the screed.

Shrinking seams are made in the following cases:

• the room has an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 30 square meters. m.;
• walls have a length of more than 8 m;
• length and width of the room differ more than 2 times;
• above the deformation seams of structures;
• the room has too bending.

To do this, on the perimeter of the seams laid the damper tape. In place of the seam, the reinforcement grid must be divided. The deformation gap should be at a base of 10 mm thick. The upper part is treated with a sealant. If the room has non-standard form, it needs to be broken into simpler elements of rectangular or square form.




If the pipes pass through the deformation seams in the screed, in these places they are packed in corrugated trumpet, 30 cm corrugations in each direction (according to SP 41-102-98 - 50 cm on each side). It is recommended not to separate one contour with deformation seams, the pipes and return pipes should pass through it.

Proper passage of contours through technological seams

When laying tiles on deformation seams, the likelihood of its disposal increases due to different expansion of adjacent plates. To avoid this, the first part is placed on the tile glue, and the second part is attached to the elastic sealant.

For additional separation, the deformation seams of an incomplete profile can be used. They are made using a trowel, 1/3 of thickness. After soaring the concrete, they are also sealed with sealant. If pipes are passing through them, they are also protected by corrugations.

Cracks on the tie

A fairly frequent phenomenon is the appearance of cracks on the tie after drying. It can provoke whole line Causes:

• low density of the insulation;
• bad sealing solution;
• lack of plasticizers;
• too large screed thickness;
• lack of shrinking seams;
• too rapid concoction;
• wrong proportions of the solution.

Avoid them is very simple:

• insulation needed to use a density above 35-40 kg / m3;
• the solution of the screed must be plastic when laying and adding fiber and plasticizer;
• in large rooms you need to make shoes (see below);
• also, it is also impossible to give concrete to quickly capture, it is covered with a plastic film the next day (a week).

Solution for screed

For a warm floor, be sure to use a plasticizer to increase the elasticity and strength of concrete. But you need to apply special species Not air-penetrating plasticizers for a warm floor.

Without experience, make a cement-sand tie for a warm floor without rubble / gravel will not work, and the correct vintage CPS will cost more than factory concrete. Therefore, in order to avoid cracks due to a violation of the composition of the solution, it is concrete with rubble.

The M-300 solution of the M-400 cement cement, m-400 and rubble is made according to the following proportions.

• Mass composition C: P: Sh (kg) \u003d 1: 1.9: 3.7.
• Volume composition for 10 liters of cement P: Shk (L) \u003d 17:32.
• Of the 10 liters of cement, 41 liters of mortar will be obtained.
• The volumetric weight of such concrete M300 will be 2300-2500 kg / m3 (heavy concrete)

There is also another option using the granite dropout instead of sand, the following elements are used for its preparation:

• 2 buckets of rubble fraction 5-20 mm;
• water 7-8 liters;
• sUPERPLASTICER SP1 400 ml of solution (1.8 liters of powder diluted in 5 liters hot water);
• 1 cement bucket;
• 3-4 buckets of the granite discrade fraction 0-5 mm;
• bucket volume - 12 liters.

High-quality concrete should not be distinguished when laying (flashed). If everything is done correctly and the air temperature is 20 ° C, it should begin to be captured after 4 hours, and after 12 hours it will not leave tracks from heels.

After 3 days after the fill, the screed will pick half of its strength, and it will turn completely only after 28 days. It is not recommended to include a heating system up to this point.

Wooden floor

The tree does not effectively carry out heat, unlike concrete, but the installation will also implement it. To do this, use distribution plates from aluminum. Pipes are placed in wooden grooves made by fastening pre-prepared boards.

For the installation of linoleum, carpet and other materials requiring a flat surface, an aligning layer of chipboard, plywood or GVL is stacked above the pipes. If parquet or laminate will be used as a finishing coating, the design of the underground can be slightly simplified, without the use of the leveling layer.

When choosing plywood and chipboard, make sure that they have sanitary and hygienic and thermomechanical indicators, allowing them to use them with warm floors.

Prices for water warm floor

The price of a warm floor of water is formed from several components:

• the cost of materials (pipes, insulation, fasteners, etc.);
• the cost of the pump mixing unit and manifold;
• work on leveling the base and fill the top layer of the screed;
• the cost of mounting the warm floor.

On average, the price of water warm sex when installing "turnkey" together with all materials and work will cost approximately 1500-3000 rubles. For 1 sq. M. m.

Below is an approximate estimate for a house of 100 square meters. m., but prices for water warm floors are strongly dependent on the region, so it is best to drive their data there and make an independent calculation. There are no expenses for installation and purchase of radiators, boilers, finishing and screed.

Estimation on the installation of a water underground system of 1st floor.
№	Name of material	Units. change	Number of	Price	Sum
1	Extruded expanded polystyrene 5 cm	m2.	96	227	21792
2	Mounting grid 150 * 150 * 4	m2.	106	30	3180
3	Polyethylene film 250 MK	m2.	105	40	4200
4	Pipe metal-plastic 16 mm	m. p.	700	39	27300
5	Dampfer tape from the substrate	m2.	30	50	1500
6	Collector Valtec 1 ", 7 x 3/4", "Euroconus"	pC.	2	1600	3200
7	Fitting Connection to the collector (Euroconus) 16x2 mm	pC.	14	115	1610
8	Pump-mixing knot	pC.	1	14500	14500
9	Dowels and selflessness	pC.	300	1,5	450
10	Mounting tape	m. p.	50	11	550
11	Other components for warm water floors	pOS.	1	0	0
	Total on materials				78282
	Name of works	Units. change	Number of	Price	Sum
1	Chernovaya screed	m2.	96	60	5760
2	Installation of damper ribbon	m. p.	160	60	9600
3	Laying waterproofing	m2.	100	60	6000
4	Laying mounting grid	m2.	110	150	16500
5	Installation of pipes	m2.	96	300	28800
6	Pressing system	m2.	96	20	1920
	Total work				68580
1	Total on materials				78282
2	Total work				68580
3	Total				146862
	Overhead transportation costs			10%	14686
	In total, by estimet the installation of a water heating floor system 1.				161548

Installation of warm water floors is shown in video:

Warm floors are now one of the most frequently used ways to create a private house, as it can act as independent heating, even in, and will save you from bulky heating.

1. Water;
2. Electric, which, depending on the type of heating element, are divided into:

• film;
• rod;
• cable.

According to the method of heating electrical systems are divided into:

• convection;
• infrared.

The creation of warm floors in the house significantly reduces, as you can include every heating circuit separately. Thus, you can simply turn off the unused premises from heating.

Principle of water floor scheme

In a private house, under the floor, it is paved along a parallel or spiral laying scheme. In the tubes, water circulates, which transmits and evenly distributes heat to the material laid near them. All this is heating the floor. The choice of material transmitting heat depends on the floor.

Installation plan

Before mounting heating in the floor, you need to draw a plan - the grid on which the entire heating system will be reflected. When applied to the plan for the plan for laying water pipes and planning the layout of the heating circuit, it is necessary to take into account that:

• between the pipes and the wall should be a distance of 0.2 - 0.25 m;
• interval of the interlocking gap - 0.35 - 0.5 m;
• the pipe deploying from the riser is stacked along the window;
• the density of pipes increases in the outer walls, and decreases to the center of the room. For example, the distance between pipes at the door, windows and external walls - 0.15 m, on the rest of the area - 0.3 m;
• in any case, when installing, observe a step from 0.1 m;
• the distance from the contour to the outer wall should not be more than 0.15 m;
• the length of heating loops should be no more than 100 m.

You can calculate on the manufactured drawing required amount pipes. Note that to summarize them to the collector you will need about 2 m.

When choosing a hose diameter, consult with heat engineers.

Do not forget that the coolants do not need to be laid under the furniture. Think out this moment in advance.

Used materials for laying

To mount a warm water floor in you, you will need:

1. insulation material (polystyrene foam plates, aluminum foil;
2. pipe for water heating;
3. damper tape;
4. dense polyethylene and corrugation;
5. reinforcement grid;
6. cement - sandy solution or dry composition of the "bulk sex";
7. lights, fasteners, dowels, selflessness.

How to make the installation of concrete warm floor of water type

Given the complex design of this system, it is important that there are high ceilings in the house, since the warm-alone's arrangement will eat their height of 8.5 cm at a minimum.

The layer layer of water concrete warm floor from the bottom up:

• heat insulator;
• reinforcement grid;
• concrete with heating contour;
• cardboard substrate, polyethylene or;
• decorative cladding.

Device steps:

Preparation:

• The first thing to do is to prepare the surface and align the base. Often in a country house use a cement-sand tie, checking the horizontal level by lighthouses. You can use common self-leveling mixtures for warm floors.
• After that, we carry out work on waterproofing, laying the strips of dense polyethylene or aluminum foil.
• Fix with self-reserves around the perimeter of rooms for 2 cm above the screed damper tape, which will facilitate the load with linear deformation.
• On the water dispenser put the layer and. To do this, use polystyrene foam plates, plug. The thickness of the thermal insulator depends on the power of the heating system. It is better to use a special material for the arrangement of warm floors.
• To the top of the heat-insulator lay the reinforcement grid fixing the pipes with the coolant, and the reinforcing concrete screed.

Installation of the heating circuit circuit in the floor

Pipes are attached to the mounting grid by plastic clamps according to the selected scheme. The ideal distance between the fasteners is 0.3 - 0.4 m.

Collector mounting and connecting heating contours:

• The collector is mounted in a special niche above the floor in the center of the room on the wall. Typical sizes of collector cabinets - 0.6 x 0.4 x 0.12 m.
• We get into a niche feeding pipe from the boiler and the return hose. We put shut-off valves. Connect the collector and drown it. You can carry out the installation of the splitter, for which at one end we screw the drain valve, and on the other - the air molding. So you can disable not the necessary rooms from heating.
• At the place of exit from the screed, they protect them with special corners or corrugated tube. Cut the pipe, we dress the collapsible fitting and connect with a collector with a precipitant nut.

Balancing collector

Water floor contours often have different length. Therefore, the coolant must be selected with individual pressure. To do this, remove the protective caps on the collector and carry out the operating pressure adjustment.

Testing a warm floor

Before pouring, check the system for tightness. This can be done using a compressor and compressed air.

If everything works fine - proceed to the fill concrete screed. For this, the water floor should remain under pressure.

Pouring concrete tie.

On top of the system, we laid concrete, cement - sand tie or blend of bulk sex, and align in beacons with a long rule. Minimum screed thickness 5 cm.

When the mixture hardens, before lining, check its tightness again.

Water warm floor in a private house do it yourself

It does not have to talk about the comfort of using warm floors, this type of heating is very popular in private houses, as it is effective and has a high efficiency. Despite the fact that this type of work is not much more complicated than others related to the arrangement of maximum convenience and comfort of their own dwelling, few know how to make a warm floor from heating with their own hands.

Consider theoretical and practical issues related to independent calculation and arrangement of water heating of the floor in small premises of residential or office type.

Preparatory work and calculation of materials

Such responsible work as the installation of a warm floor should begin with the preparation of materials and planning. Strictly speaking, only specialists who have information about the level of heat leakage in this room can be made to strictly speaking. But for individual needs often use approximate calculations that satisfy the requirements.

First you need to draw a pipe placement plan. It will be clearer and more visually drawn on paper in the cell circuit, a warm floor on which you can calculate on the basis of the square of the room. Each cell will correspond to the step - the distance between the pipes.

For a moderate climate zone:

• With good isolation of the house and windows, the distance between the adjacent turns of the pipe can be made of 15-20 cm;
• If the walls are not insulated, 10-15 cm.
• In spacious rooms, where the walls are cold, and the part is warm, they make a variable step: near the cold walls the distance between the adjacent turns of the pipes is small, and as they approach warm walls - It is increased.

What outdoor coating is suitable for a warm floor

A big mistake makes those who plan on a warm floor to lay parquet or thick wood coating. The tree does good heat and will prevent the heating of the room. The efficiency of such heating may be even lower than that of radiator, and heating costs are too large.

Perfect coating For a warm floor, it is a stone, ceramic or porcelain tile. Warring, it will great will keep warm, and this is the best option for the kitchen or bathroom. In the premises where the floor is warm - the children love to play very much, and go barefoot is more pleasant than on a wooden parquet.

Slightly the worst option of the floor covering, but more suitable for the guest room or bedrooms - linoleum and laminate. These materials are well missed heat, and will not downgrade the efficiency of water heat supply. At the same time, the laminate should choose the minimum thickness, and the linoleum - without a heating substrate.

When heated by many synthetic materials Can allocate harmful evaporation. Therefore, flooring with chemical components must necessarily have a manufacturer's mark on the possibility of their operation in residential areas on the heat of the floor.

Base under the warm floor

If we are talking about the house with concrete overlapsThe most accessible generally accepted option is a concrete screed with water heating. The same method applies for the first (base) floors of private cottages if the base of the floor is on sand pillowwhich is located directly on the ground.

In houses with wooden floors, this option is not applicable. Wooden beams The overlaps simply will not stand the huge weight of a concrete screed, whatever thin it. In this case, a lightweight version of the warm floor is applied, which will be described in a separate section.

Installation of a warm floor with their own hands begins with the preparation of the base. The basis for the creation of a warm floor should be smooth, without protrusions and depressions. The maximum allowable drop is 5 mm. If the depth of the surface defects reaches 1-2 cm, then you will have to pour and dissolve the thin layer of the granite drop-down (fine crushed stone) with a grain size of up to 5 mm. On top of the leveling layer will have to put the film and when laying insulation to walk along wooden shields. IN otherwise The leveling layer itself will be the source of irregularities.

Water warm floor laying schemes

The most common water floor laying schemes - snail and spiral. Snail evenly warms the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe floor. But with a spiral scheme, you can provide a greater level of warming up in the most cold zone premises. For this, the first branches of the pipe, which is served hot water, stacked exactly there. On the finished drawing is determined precise Length Pipes.

For warm floor, only a solid piece of pipe is used! If the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is very large - there are several heating circuits. The length of the pipe of each contour should not exceed 100 m. Otherwise, too much pressure required for normal speed Coolant flow. By area, it corresponds to 15 sq.m.

Water floor do it yourself best to do from a metal plate with a diameter of 16 mm. It is easily neat with a sufficiently small radius, and it's an order of magnitude more convenient to work with it than with stitched polyethylene. A pipe with a diameter of 20 mm is undesirable. Large diameter It will require an increase in concrete thickness, and this poorly affects the effectiveness of the heating system.

Usually the pipe flow per 1 sq.m. Square is:

• 10 m with a step 10 cm;
• 6.75 m with step 15 cm.

Selection of thermal insulation and fasteners for water warm floor

In order for heat to not go down - the base of the foam layer is placed on the base. The density of the insulation is selected at least 25, and better - 35 kg / cubic meters. The lighter polystipol will simply doubt under the weight of a concrete layer.

Insulation and heat transferman

The optimal thickness of the insulation is 5 cm. When laying on the ground or with the need for increased cold protection, when the level below is not heated room, the thickness of the heat insulation can be touched to 10 cm. To reduce heat losses - Recommended on top of the insulation, the heat-reflecting screen made of metallized film. It can be:

• Penofol (metallized foamed polyethylene);
• Reflective foam screen, glued behind radiators;
• Normal aluminum food foil.

The metallized layer is quickly destroyed from the aggressive action of concrete, so the screen itself also needs protection. Such protection serves as a polyethylene film that is used for greenhouses and in the greenhouse. The film thickness should be 75-100 microns.

In addition, it provides the desired humidity for the ripening concrete screed throughout the entire period of its frozen. Slices of film need to be laid the mustache, and the place of the connection to hermetically sneaking with scotch.

Fasteners for water heating pipes

The heat insulation is installed fasteners for the pipe. His appointment is to consolidate the neighboring pipes of the pipe and arrange it on the territory of the floor in strict accordance with the preliminary plan. The fastener holds the pipe until the concrete screed acquires the desired degree of hardness. The use of fasteners facilitates floor mounting and guarantees proper placement Pipes in the thick of the concrete pillow.

Fasteners can be special metal strips, metal welded grid, plastic brackets that pinpipe pipe to foam base.

1. Metal planks are used with the increased thickness of the concrete pillow. They lift the pipe a little regarding the heat insulator, so that it turns out to be closer to the upper surface of the concrete pillow. The pipe is simply snapped into curly excavations of the planks.
2. Metal grid Not only secures the pipe, but also reinforces a layer of concrete pillow. The pipe is tied to the grid with wire pieces or plastic clamps. Fastening consumption is 2 pcs. On the trafficphone meter. In places of rounds, you can use additional fasteners.
3. Plastic brackets are installed manually. They pin down the pipe to the polystyolster as it laying. Semi-industrial warm floors are made with their own hands with a special stapler. But its acquisition is justified only with intensive professional use.

In recent years, manufacturers of warm floors began to offer another very convenient solution. We are talking about special sheets of a dense polystyolster with a profiled surface. Typically, the surface of such sheets is the intersection of grooves or rows of protruding elements, between which the heating pipes are easily fit.

The surface of the sheets is smooth, estruited, all pores are closed and an additional waterproofing film for it is not required. Having a special thermosak, the grooves in the polystylene can be chopped independently. But for this work, at least a minimum experience is needed.

Metal plastic trumpet Comes in bays. When laying the bay is rapid along the trajectory of the pipe placement. It is impossible to pull the pipe from the false bay, as this will cause its twisting and can lead to the bundle of the inner layers.

Selection of recipes, preparation and fill concrete

You can pour pipes with concrete only after they are fully laid, connected to collectors and filled with water under pressure 4 bar. Before the fill, it is necessary to withstand the pipe under this pressure during the pair of day. If leak is found - it is immediately eliminated. If the heating system itself is not yet mounted - instead of water in the pipes, with the help of the compressor, air is pumped and fixed the pressure with ball valves.

Immediately after downloading, the pressure can slightly drop by straightening pipes. During the fill and hardening of the concrete, the pressure is controlled using a connected pressure gauge.

To compensate for thermal extensions along all walls, secure damper tape. The temperature expansion of the concrete pillow is 0.5 mm on the pattern of the meter, with an increase in temperature by 40 degrees. If the heating is only 20 degrees, the extension will be twice as fewer accordingly. We multiply the expansion on the length of the longest section of the concrete floor and compare the amount obtained with a thickness of the damper tape.

For ordinary apartmentsAs a rule, it is enough to put the tape along the walls and with the door threshold. In addition, the damper tape also plays the role of thermal insulation of walls from a warm floor. This method eliminates cold bridges, causing an unnecessary leakage of heat.

Additionally, in some cases compensation seams are made:

• with the length of any of the parties of the room more than 8 meters;
• the width and length of the room differ more than twice;
• floor area exceeds 30 sq.m;
• the premises form has several bends.

For extended warm floors, the compensation seam with a damper ribbon is shutdown every 10 m. In order for the movement of concrete pillows in these places, it does not break the pipe - it is covered with a rigid plastic corrugation (preferable) or pipe larger diameter. Sunset of the protective pipe into concrete pillows - not less than 0.5 m on each side.

If accumulation occurs under the placement scheme warm pipes In one place (for example, near the collector), then the thermal insulator sleeve should be put onto part of the pipes. This will help to avoid local overheating and will retain heat for the desired sections of the floor.

How to make water warm floor: concreting

If concrete for fill is not brought, but it is prepared in place, then components will be required:

• cement brand 300 or 400 - 1 Weight part;
• sand River washed - 1.9 VH.;
• crushed stone size 5-20 mm - 3.7 V.ch.

This is the composition of heavy concrete. His weight reaches 2.5 tons per 1 cubic meters. finished material.

Many prefer to abandon sand in concrete for a warm floor. It is connected with its bad heat-conductivity. Therefore, cement-gravel mixtures are used in practice. Its composition:

• granite crushed stone 5-20 mm - 2 buckets;
• cement - 1 bucket;
• small granite dropout to 5 mm - 4 buckets;
• water - 7 l (you can add another 1 l if the solution is very thick).

Granite perfectly carries out heat, and such concrete has much lower thermal resistance. It is also recommended to introduce a reinforcing fiber representing small plastic fibers.

As part of any bulk sex, there must be a plasticizer. A specific amount depends on the specific brand and the purpose of this drug. The plasticizer should not be any, namely for a warm floor!

If the pipe is attached to a plank or brackets - the reinforcing grid is placed on top of it. The height of the concrete screed is selected from 5 to 10 cm. It is necessary to provide at least 3 cm concrete above the pipe. A smaller layer is fraught with cracking. And too thick concrete pillow increases the loss when gear transmission.

With the right choice of concrete and normal temperature, it begins to grab after 4 hours. For supporting normal humidity It should be covered with a waterproof film, and when drying the surface - water it with water. After 12 hours, the frozen concrete can withstand human weight. But his full aging comes only in 28 days. All this time you need to take care of humidity and maintain high pressure In laid pipes. Only after the expiration date can be carried out the first thermal test of this floor.

Both at the first test, and subsequently it is impossible to quickly heat the water heated floor to high temperatures!

Flooring

On ready concrete base You can glue a tile and other floor coverings. It uses glue, intended for warm floors. If the tile falls into the compensation seam, then one part it must be glued, and the second is to put on silicone. Silicone glue shocks thermal movements of the base, and the tile will not crack from overvoltage.

Lightweight warm floor for wooden floors

As mentioned earlier, for wooden overlaps It is equipped with a light warm floor without a concrete pillow. In this case, the sequence of work may differ slightly depending on the state of the old floor and the design of the overlap.

So that the heat does not go down - the insulation is stacked under the pipes. It can be located between the lags of the overlap, and then it is better to use mineral Wat, Or can be laid on the old durable draft floor - there is already a polyster with a density of 25-35 kg / cubic meters. In order not to form condensate, the membrane of the Parobarrier is stacked under Minvatu. The first draft floor is stuffed on top to lags.

Just as for a concrete floor, a heat-reflecting screen of foil or foofol is desirable for the insulation. All joints and seams should be sealed with scotch.

Directly on the polynostolster, lags are laid, to which the blackboard boards are nourished. There should be gaps between the boards about 2 cm for styling the pipe. Similar gaps should be foreseen at the ends of the draft floor boards. In other cases, the pipe will have to choose transverse grooves, and this can lead to breakdown of boards.

So that the heat is evenly distributed across the floor - the pipe is placed not just in the groove, but in special metal gutters intended for this purpose. Metal transmits heat over its entire surface and evenly warms the finishing finish coating. Recommendations for its choice have already been given above - this may be laminate with admission to work with heating or rigid polymer coating. Thick parquet and parquet board for warm floors fit the least.

Compared to a concrete warm floor, a lightweight design is made much faster and is much smaller. Another advantage is the possibility of repairing water pipes in the event of an accident. Problems with tubes in concrete semi Eliminated only with its full replacement.

The main lack of wooden warm floor is significantly less thermal power.

Nature warm floor from heating apartment houses You can only with the resolution of the heat energy supplier. All recommendations remain in force, although, we advise you to install a heat-resistant water filter at the entrance tubes.

Outcome

Competently equipped heat in own home - This is another step towards comfortable and convenient living conditions for the whole family. But even if you are not able to fulfill these works and are forced to invite masters - the knowledge gained will allow you to take the most active part in this process.

As an additional or main source of heating of a private house, water warm floors are often used, allowing to effectively warm the building. However, there are some features related to the installation of the heating circuit and the subsequent operation of the system.

The device of water heating floor in a private house has its own positive and negative sidesthat is important to take into account.

Is it possible to warm the country house with water floors

Water heating floor in a private house can be used as the main or additional source of heating. The feature of the system is heating the room from below-up. This method is the most effective, as it allows to achieve the complete absence of cold unheated zones.

The advantage of water floors is also due to the fact that the heating of the room is carried out faster and with less energy consumption.

There are certain limitations associated with the use of warm floors. So, for example, the maximum heating intensity depends on the selected floor covering.

Laminate and parquet board can be warmed to a temperature of 30 ° C, after which the material begins to highlight harmful and toxic evaporation. The optimal will be installed heating systems In country houses using ceramic tiles as an finishing coating. Ceramics are resistant to temperature drops, it is well heated and long holds heat on the surface.

There is a collector for automatic floors control. The submersible block allows you to include the heating system in the absence of hosts, as well as monitor the degree and intensity of the premises.

How to make water floor

The design of the system is so simple that it is allowed to put water floors in a private house with their own hands. It is imperative to comply with certain nuances associated with phased mounting and exploitation of heating.

Works are performed in the following order:

• Produced a draft base - If it is planned to lay on the ground, it is pre-carried off, using sand and crushed stone, tamping them with a vibration plate. After laying the waterproofing, the rough reinforced screed is poured.
  The floor heating device in a private house cannot be carried out without using waterproofing material. For use the filtered materials or mastic. Bitumen coins are treated construction phenomenon or soldering lamp. Top of the screed necessarily stacked the parobarrier.
• Insulation - the effectiveness of the heating of a private house with water warm floors largely depends on the qualitatively manufactured thermal insulation layer. Thus, a screen is created that reduces thermal losses and preventing the defrost of pipes. You can use extruded polystyrene or foam. Mineral insulation in this case is ineffective.
• Laying pipelines - Pre-studied scheme for laying water warm floor in a private house. The plan can be made independently or contact professionals. When calculating heating, the number of heating zones, the length of each water circuit and the type of pipeline laying is taken into account.
  An independent installation of warm water floors in a private house is carried out as follows. The reinforcing grid is stacked, the pipe is laid out and is fixed with the help of clamps. If a polystyrene system is used, then the pipeline is paved in special grooves located in mats, or in openings located on heat-reflecting plates.

  

• Pouring of the first floor - Laying of water warm floor in a country house with their own hands comes to completion. At this stage it is imperative to make the maximum reason. Lighthouses are exhibited. A plasticizer and additives for the strength of concrete are added to the solution.
  The usual cement composition is strictly prohibited. If a polystyrene system is used, a steeter or a gypsum-fiber plate is applied.
• Contemur connection is performed - Originally attached, water contours are connected to it. Installation should follow the following installation rules. The coolant feed on the radiators is connected to the bottom mount of the manifold, the return on the top. Water circuits are connected on the contrary, the feed is at the top, the return on the bottom. Using the collector, the temperature is controlled and the intensity of the coolant feed is controlled.
• Laying finish coating - Warm water floor in the country is facing with any of the recommended finishing materials: , parquet board, linoleum. Recently, bulk floors are also popular.
• The first launch - the heating of the cottage with water warm floors can be carried out no earlier than, 28 days after filling the screed. Before the first launch of the system necessarily maintains the maintenance of the contours: filling with water and.

Mounting technology is largely affected by the selected method of laying floors. The polystyrene system is more expensive, but the laying takes less time. Mounting with a concrete screed requires smaller costs, but from the start of repair work before commissioning may pass about 1.5 months.

What is better to connect the heating system of floors (heating source of the coolant)

According to the instruction manual, optimal temperature With continuous operation of heating of floors, the temperature range from 25-30 ° C.

Water in the radiator heating system is heated to 60 -70 ° C. Accordingly, simply connect the cottage heating with warm water floors directly from the boiler is possible, but not effective. Quite simply try to hold the hand under the jet of hot water with a temperature of 60 ° C. On the floor with such a heating intensity, it is simply impossible to walk barefoot.

Therefore, the project of the heating system with water floors includes connecting to the following heating sources:

1. Copper with stipulated circuit for warm floors.
2. The boiler in the bundle with the node of the shelter.
3. Boyler of indirect heating.
4. Flowing water heater.

Each option has its drawbacks and advantages. Performance with every method of heating should be missed to heat the country house only with one water warm floors without the use of radiators.

When connected, it is important to strictly follow the installation instructions provided by the manufacturer. Often, the documentation provides recommendations regarding connection methods.

Pros and cons of water floors

As with any heating system, warm floors have their advantages and disadvantages. The pros will be attributed to:

• Radiators are not required - Water heating of floors in a private house will be able to fully ensure the need for warmth for a residential building. With sufficient thermal insulation frame dacha or any country house, Energy costs are even lower than that of traditional heating using radiators.
• Automation system - The principle of operation of the water underfloor allows you to use programmers and control units to control the operation of the system remotely.
• Lack of need for additional permits.
• Cost - compared to the heating system by means of radiators, water heating of the floor for country construction will be somewhat more expensive. So in preliminary calculations per 1 m², to perform all repair and finishing work It will take about 1000 rubles, including the cost of work.
• Universality - Different variants of water floor design, allowing to take into account all the features of the building of the house. Additionally, it can be noted that not only the traditional coolant (water), but also special antifreeze can be used.

Warm floors are optimal decision Heating of a country house. With the help of relatively small investments, you can create a heating system to create a comfortable atmosphere for staying in the house.

The arrangement of the warm floor allows you to safely save on heating. In addition, he perfectly replaces everything heating devices, while freeing useful Square premises. About the technology of the heat-insulated floor of water and how to make a water warm floor, consider further.

Warm water floor in a private house - the principle of work

Water floor is a new independent system Heating, which in some way replaces radiators and convectors. This system consists of mounted pipelines, inside of which hot water is located. They fit on the base made of concrete or wood, and on top are covered with the help of outdoor finishing material.

Pipes from which systems are polymeric, it is on them to circulate hot fluid, most often water. Its feed is carried out using centralized heating or boiler system. Warm air begins to bask in the underground space and gradually rises up the room. Thus, heat is distributed throughout the room. The lower part of the room is more heated, rather than the top, so there is very comfortable in the room.

The sphere of using warm water is applied to private houses, as in multi-storey buildings, There is a risk of flooding neighbors hot water, in connection with the breakdown of the system.

The warm water floor system consists of a pipeline and a mixing medium mixing node. For the pipeline, preference should be preferred by pipes having a high level of thermal conductivity, in addition, they must differ flexibility and have a small resistance. For pouring pipelines used cement strainer - The system of mixing assembly of the heat carrier includes a pump, a thermostatic mixer and a collector.

Water warm floor: advantages and disadvantages

If we compare the arrangement of the warm sex using another kind of heaters, the first option has such advantages:

1. Reducing heating costs.

With the arrangement of warm water floors, the cash costs for the use of electricity are reduced by 25-30%. If the room is large enough, and the ceilings are too high, then the warm water floor is the most optimal option. Since in that case, it helps to save by 50%.

2. Comfortable living conditions.

The room, with warm water floors heated evenly, therefore, the optimal and comfortable conditions For people's life. When using radiators, warm airwhich proceeds from them, immediately rises upstairs, thus the lower part of the room remains unleashed. On the floor with a water floor, you do not have to walk the shirt, and the children can safely play it, not overcooked.

3. High security.

The coolant is under the floor decoration, therefore, the risk of burning about it or is eliminated.

4. Attractiveness external view Rooms.

The warm water floor is hidden in the underground space, so all pipes and other elements of the system remain invisible.

5. Successful compatibility.

Water warm floor is well combined with most finishing materials, in the form of tiles, linoleum, laminate.

6. Available cost.

Setting the entire system requires small cash investments, compared with the result obtained.

7. Various connection options.

Possible an option to connect warm water to autonomous or centralized system Heating.

8. Independence from power supply.

This advantage, allows the warm floor to heat the house, even at a time when for some reason turned off the light.

Among the disadvantages of the use of water underground floor, we will highlight:

• the time and labor costs for the installation of equipment and the entire system are high enough, since there are several different materials stacked on the surface;
• when faults appear in the form of leaks, it should be dismantled flooring to eliminate them;
• the need for additional sources of heating, as an exceptionally warm floor is not able to cope with the heating of the room.

Warm floors Water mounting schemes and varieties

Depending on the main material, there are three main types of flooring of a warm floor:

• concrete;
• polystyrene;
• wood.

The first option is the most popular, as it is characterized by the highest reliability. In order to equip the camshaft in a concrete version of the heat-insulated flooring of a cement-sandy solution.

On a predetermined surface, laying a layer of waterproofing is made, and then thermal insulation, then laid and fix pipes. To equip the warm floors large on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, you should take care of laying the reinforcing grid.

When arranging a small room, plastic brackets, fasteners or dowel hooks are used to fix pipes.

The previously installed system is filled with a solution of cement, sand and special plasticizers that help strengthen the screed and protect it from the effects of high temperature.

In this case, best options Finishes is the use of tiles, decorative stone or laminated parquet board.

The second option is the arrangement of a polystyrene system. This option Presents simplified installation of a warm floor system, when conducting a polystyrene slabs. Plates are pressed in a special form, they have the form of a convex circle, inside of which pipes are installed. To create a monolithic base there are keystones that are combined with each other. When installing this heating system, you do not need to use additional fasteners for fixing pipes. After installing the pipeline, metal heat dissipation plates are installed, then the floor is placed finishing material.

Third option - a warm floor system built on wooden based. This system It implies use edged board, plywood or other wood-based materials, as a coating under the installation of the system.

From wooden slabs, small bands are built, the length of each no more than 18 cm. They are stacked on the floor made of wood. In between strips, the pipeline is mounted, and then heat dissipants are fixed using screws. After mounting the pipes, the surface of the floor is covered with a polyethylene film, then the floor is installed from the gypsum fiber sheets, which distribute the temperature in the underground space. It is on them that the main finish is attached.

To ensure the qualitative distribution of the coolant throughout the system, it is recommended to use the collector. It is for it that the outgoing and outgoing pipe is connected.

Considering the question of how to make water warm floor in the house, you should familiarize yourself with the laying schemes of the pipeline system, there are several of them:

• pipes are placed in the form of a snake;
• snails;
• combinations of different ways.

Laying the tube in the form of a snake involves the installation of pipes in parallel to each other.

According to the scheme of the snail pipes are located first around the perimeter of the room, with a gradual narrowing to the center. The last option involves a combination of two of these methods.

Calculation of warm water floor: process features

The procedure for calculating the calculation to arrange a warm floor on a water basis should take into account some moments, namely:

• use of sex as the main or additional version of heating;
• building type;
• further type of finish;
• the total area and destination of the room;
• teplockotieri and their meaning.

To determine the last factor, namely the heat loss, should be taken into account such nuances:

• type of materials from which the house was erected;
• window type: Standard, Single or Double Glass Baskets;
• the number of windows and doors;
• climatic features of the region;
• presence of additional heating appliances.

Each type of room has a certain temperature, to which the floor must be heated, namely:

• in the residential area, it is 29 degrees;
• in a high heating area - 35 degrees;
• from high humidity 32 degrees;
• when finishing with parquet - 26.

Note that before arranging the warm floor, the type of coating should be provided in advance, which will act as finishing.

Installation of water heating floor: collector and its features

The collector cabinet is the location of such a device as a collector. To install this cabinet, a place is required by approximately 500x500 or 400x600 mm.

In addition, some owners of the warm floor suggest to build a wardrobe directly into the wall, while others leave it in the mounted position.

After installing the cabinet, in which the collector is located, the supply and return pipe is mounted, which flows hot and cold water. The collector, which is responsible for the distribution of hot water connects with the feed pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the collector, which pokes the final portions of the pipes.

At the site of the connection of water pipes with a collector, a locking crane is installed, which will allow repair of the entire system, with such a necessity. On the other side of the collector, the presence of a drain crane is required.

To qualitatively and quickly adjust the temperature in the room, you should take care of the presence of a mixer and regulating vehicles. There are special types of collectors, which contains all the parts necessary for adjustment and work, but their cost is much higher than in ordinary collectors.

Laying of warm water floor on concrete base

Stage procedure warm feed on the concrete basis implies the implementation of such processes:

1. Cleaning and leveling the base.

To begin with, dirt, dust and any garbage are removed from the surface. Next, it is checked for the lack of drops and evenness. If the difference is not more than 10 mm, then proceed to the next step of work. If there are more serious drops, the surface is aligned first. For this purpose, an arrangement of a filling black floor should be provided.

2. Ensuring waterproofing.

With this stage, the injection and contact of moisture with warm floors is prevented.

3. Installing the edge isolation.

The use of damping tape installed on the perimeter of the room will help to implement this process.

4. Installation of vapor insulation materials.

In order to save on materials, instead of separate waterproofing and vaporizolation use waterproofing membraneOne side of which is characterized by a waterproof film, and the second with ease misses couples.

5. Strengthening.

For these purposes, the reinforcement grid is suitable, the cross section is about 150-200 mm. It is such a material that will provide the ease of laying the pipeline system. A variant of installing fittings is possible before laying pipes or after the execution of this process. It is better to give preference to the second option, since using the reinforcement it will be possible to evenly distribute the entire load on the floor.

6. Installation of water warm floor.

Initially, the pipe is connected to the collector. If the warm floor is used as the only heating element, its installation is carried out with an interval of 150-200 mm. Otherwise, it is allowed to lay pipes with a step of a maximum of 300 mm. The pipe is connected to the grid using a special clip. Do not fix the clips too hard, as there is a risk of damage during the heating system.

7. The performance of the system and its verification.

Warm floor floors, after they are installed, require mandatory service check. For this, the system is turned on at a certain time, for example for three hours. During this process, the system should warm up, and water is evenly engaged over the surface.

8. Pouring procedure.

The screed must exceed the pipeline system by 20-30 mm, the type of screed must be wet.

After drying the screed, in about a month, install sound insulation materials and spend ready finish. It is forbidden to include a warm floor until the screed is completely dry, since there is a risk of its cracking. On this warm floor of water, with their own hands is considered ready for operation.

Water warm floor video: