Warm and comfortable construction country house requires the solution of often very complex and contradictory problems. For example, to save on materials and, at the same time, not to increase your costs in the future when operating the house, to make the house warm and comfortable. Warm plaster can help in solving such a problem.

A somewhat unusual name accurately reflects the purpose of the material. At its core, it is a building mixture with thermal insulation properties. It acquires them through the use of materials with low thermal conductivity. The composition of warm plaster is usually as follows:

• porous filler - expanded polystyrene granules, perlite sand, foam glass (expanded glass), etc.;
• a binder mixture, which is usually cement, lime, gypsum and their mixtures;
• polymer additives - plasticizers, hydrophobizing, air-releasing, etc.

Familiarization with the composition of warm plaster allows you to understand what its good thermal insulation properties are based on. This is due to the presence of a porous filler, literally filled with numerous air bubbles. And he, as you know, is a good heat insulator. So it turns out that after applying warm plaster to the wall, it turns out to be, as it were, protected by an additional layer of heat insulator.

Properties of insulating plaster

The advantages of warm plaster are not limited to thermal insulation. The composition of the mixture itself suggests what possibilities this material conceals in itself.

1. Fire safety. Warm plaster with a mineral filler (perlite, vermiculite, foam glass) is generally non-flammable and belongs to the NG class according to the classification system. The exception is thermal insulation plaster based on expanded polystyrene foam, it is combustible and belongs to the G1 group.
2. Ecological cleanliness. Traditional heaters (mineral wool, polystyrene) emit harmful substances, which does not happen with warm plaster.
3. Multifunctionality. In addition to the heat-insulating coating, warm plaster can serve as a material for decorative finishing and used as a topcoat. At the same time, it can be used to level surfaces.
4. Thermal insulation characteristics. It should be noted that heat-insulating plaster is not inferior in its properties to traditional materials... A layer of such plaster 5 cm thick is equivalent to laying two bricks or two to four centimeters of expanded polystyrene.
5. Physical characteristics. Heat-insulating plaster is much lighter than traditional plaster and during installation practically does not have an additional effect on the foundation and walls. In addition, it has high adhesion to all wall materials.
6. Practical application of warm plaster- it is easy to work with it and this does not require special qualifications.

About fillers

In many ways, the properties of insulating plaster are determined by the type of filler. The filler can be:

1. Sawdust. When using them, the cheapest, but least effective type of warm plaster is obtained.
2. Expanded polystyrene. Expanded polystyrene has good sound and thermal insulation characteristics, has good adhesion. But this combustible material and at the same time it releases toxic substances.
3. Perlite is a material obtained from volcanic glass (obsidian) heated to 1100 ° C. At this temperature, obsidian begins to swell, becomes porous, it forms a large number of air bubbles, as a result of which the material acquires thermal insulation properties. Thanks to them, it finds application in various materials as an additive providing these characteristics. One of the use cases is called perlite plaster.
   The disadvantage of perlite is considered to be high hygroscopicity, which requires the use of additional materials to protect it during finishing.
4. Vermiculite. Mineral belonging to the mica group (the so-called intumescent mica). Materials based on it are able to withstand temperatures from minus 260 to plus 1200 degrees Celsius. During firing, it significantly increases in volume (up to 50 times), resulting in flaky particles. By its properties, vermiculite is similar to perlite, it is absolutely non-flammable and non-toxic.
   The disadvantages of a mixture in which vermiculite is used as a filler are the same as in perlite plaster- high hygroscopicity, which requires additional costs for protection.
5. Foam glass. This is foamed silica sand, the structure of which includes closed glass cells. Foam glass is a waterproof and fireproof material, very durable and does not shrink, does not need additional protection. However, thermal insulation plaster based on it is inferior in its characteristics to materials using perlite and vermiculite.

About application and protection

Warm plaster is used for internal works and outdoor. As already mentioned, due to the porosity of the filler, air bubbles act as a kind of insulation. Moreover, warm plaster is usually used as additional element thermal protection, and allows you to save on heating in winter time and air conditioning in the summer.

The point is that insulating plaster will be applied in addition to the protection laid down in the design of the building. It is irrational to use it as the main protection. According to calculations, with a brick wall thickness of 51 cm, the insulating plaster should have a thickness of ten centimeters, with a smaller wall thickness, the thickness of the layer of insulating material should be even greater.

However, when using modern building materials(keramblocks, foam concrete) it is quite possible to reduce required thickness plasters, since these materials, unlike bricks, themselves have good heat-shielding characteristics. However, even in this case, warm plaster will be useful precisely as an additional protection, increasing the overall thermal resistance of the building.

Options for obtaining thermal insulation plaster

For interior decoration, such material is convenient to use in places with complex configurations, as well as to increase overall thermal protection. By the way, it is quite possible to make a mixture for additional thermal protection yourself. Do-it-yourself warm plaster can be obtained in the following way:

• it is necessary to mix three parts of sawdust and one part of cement;
• then add two pieces of paper pulp;
• add water;
• the resulting mixture must be mixed to the state of a normal solution.

If it is to be applied to wooden surfaces, then it is necessary to fill the shingles, in otherwise the material will not stick to the surface. Brick or concrete base must be pre-moistened before applying plaster to it.

The warm plaster obtained in this way, reviews of which those who used the described method of obtaining are very positive, resemble cardboard in appearance. Its heat resistance is four times higher than that of ordinary plaster

Another method of making warm plaster with your own hands differs from the above, and gives universal material, suitable for indoor and outdoor use. To do this, use:

• cement, 1 part;
• vermiculite or perlite, 4 parts;
• plasticizer;
• water.

All components are on sale, PVA glue can serve as a plasticizer, fifty to sixty grams per bucket of cement. Everything is prepared very simply. First, PVA glue is diluted in water, then it is necessary to mix dry cement with a filler and add water with a plasticizer, achieving a thick, but plastic mass.

After the mixture is ready, let it stand for 15 minutes, stir again and you can start working. A similar thermal insulation plaster, reviews of which those who used it are commendable, are successfully used in different options for interior and exterior decoration.

Industrial materials

However, apart from the possibilities self-made, you can use the finished product. The industry has successfully produced various types of similar material, for example, thermal insulation Knauf plaster Grunband. It is a plaster mixture (dry), intended for all types of work, based on sand, cement, filler in the form of expanded polystyrene (granules) and hydrophobic additives and has water-repellent and thermal insulation properties.

Another option could be Haunkliffe insulating plaster. It includes a composite filler (manufactured by the manufacturer), basalt fiberglass, sand, cement, polymer binders.

Warm plastering

A mixture, such as warm Knauf plaster, must be diluted before application. Dilute the entire volume (bag), observing the dosage and stirring time specified in the instructions. The result should be a plastic, lump-free mixture. She is ready to go in a few hours.

The surface must be cleaned of dirt and dust before applying the material to it; plastering can be done at a temperature not lower than + 5 ° С. Apply the ready-made mixture with a spatula and level (rub in) using a grater or rule.

It is not recommended to make the layer thickness more than 2.5 centimeters, if you want to get a greater thickness, then you need to make several layers in succession. The surface can be painted after two or three days. After 28 days, the layer acquires maximum strength, and the thermal insulation ability will reach its maximum value 60 days after drying.

Internal insulation of walls with warm plaster, its features, advantages and disadvantages, preparatory stage work, application technology and surface finishing.

Features of internal insulation of walls with warm plaster

A distinctive feature of such plaster is its low thermal conductivity. This property is due to the presence of special fillers in the material instead of ordinary sand. They can be sawdust, foam granules, expanded clay or pumice chips, perlite or expanded vermiculite. Any of these fillers give the plaster its insulating qualities and an affordable price.

Plaster with a base of foam granules has universal properties. It can be used both inside and outside the building. In addition to the filler, it contains lime, cement, plasticizers and other additives that give building mixture special properties. The specific gravity of such plaster is 200-300 kg / m 3, the thermal conductivity is 0.065 W / m * C and the hydrophobicity is 70% of the mass of the material.

Warm plaster, containing sawdust as a filler, is used exclusively for interior work. This is due to its sensitivity to moisture. The plaster layer dries for a long time, and the room during this procedure requires good ventilation in order to avoid the appearance of fungus on damp walls. But in terms of environmental safety, this material is impeccable.

Warm plasters are considered universal, which include particles of rocks - perlite, vermiculite, pumice, as well as expanded clay crumbs. They can also be used to insulate walls from the inside and outside.

If we compare the thermal insulation parameters of foam and warm plaster, it turns out that the first material is 2 times warmer than the second. And for full-fledged insulation of cold walls in our climatic zone, a foam layer about 10 cm thick is required.

The following becomes clear: in order to achieve such a threshold of thermal insulation, it will be necessary to apply a layer of warm plaster coating on the walls, the thickness of which should be more than 20 cm.However, it is not recommended to carry out such a coating more than 5 cm thick, as it can collapse under its own weight. Therefore, walls are insulated with warm plaster from the inside, most often in combination with external thermal insulation building.

Advantages and disadvantages of insulation with plaster from the inside

Warm plaster has unique properties... Using only it, one technological procedure can solve the issue of waterproofing, insulation and final finishing walls. The advantages of plasters are especially pronounced, having particles of rocks as fillers - perlite, expanded vermiculite, that is, mixtures of the most "advanced" type.

Thanks to the polymer additives included in the mixture, such plaster has excellent adhesion to any wall materials: aerated concrete, metal, ceramics and others.

Warm plaster easily allows air to pass through, while retaining water without getting wet. Therefore, the walls covered with this material are protected from mold. In addition, warm plaster is biologically resistant, so the formation of microflora in it is excluded. By treating the walls of the room from the inside with this material, you can not only insulate it, but also make it more environmentally friendly.

The efficiency of insulation with the help of such plaster is high not only due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, but also due to its tight contact with the surface of the walls throughout their entire area without the formation of any cold bridges.

Another remarkable property of warm plaster is its fire resistance. Unlike expanded polystyrene and other similar heaters, insulating plaster coatings perfectly protect walls, without collapsing, from strong heat and open fire. Moreover, the layer of plaster does not have to be thick.

According to manufacturers promoting warm plaster mixes on the market, this material, applied to the walls with a layer of 2 cm, is equivalent in its thermal insulation qualities to a masonry of 2 bricks or a wall of concrete about 1 m thick. Taking this fact into account, it is easy to calculate how much will decrease the weight of the building and how much materials can be saved with warm plaster. However, other experts consider this opinion rather controversial in terms of the approved ratios. Simply applying this material is much easier than traditional insulation materials with their fastening, primer and finishing layer. By the way, during a work shift a team of plasterers of three people can process more than 80 m 2 of walls with a warm mixture.

In addition to the above advantages, warm plaster has other unique properties: complete absence of toxic inclusions, the material is made from natural components that have undergone heat treatment; at any temperature, the plaster is environmentally friendly, it does not decompose, does not burn or freeze.

The disadvantages of the material include the following:

• Warm plaster based on polystyrene granules needs a topcoat. Mixtures containing rock fillers are not affected.
• High price of plasters based on perlite, pumice and vermiculite.
• The need for layer-by-layer application of the material to the walls. A thick coating applied in one layer is more likely to slide off the wall due to its own weight.

Preparatory work

Preparation of walls for insulation with plaster for wall insulation from the inside is carried out in the same way as before applying a conventional cement-sand mixture to their surfaces. If old plaster peels off, it should be removed. If not, warm plaster can be applied over the existing layer.

The purpose preparatory work is to improve the adhesion of the insulation coating to the base surface of the walls. To do this, each of them needs to be stuffed with shingles or narrow slats of 5 mm, thus obtaining a space on which the plaster mixture will hold well. After that, on the fabricated frame, it is necessary to pull the mesh and fix it with nails, hammering them into the slats.

The fastener step is taken 10 cm, it must be carried out in a checkerboard pattern. The mesh can be woven or metal with cells of 50x50 mm. It is recommended to use metal mesh, since the woven mesh is less durable and adheres too tightly to the wall surface.

To implement the possibility of leveling the plaster layer on the walls, it is necessary to install lighthouse profiles. They need to be pressed into a mortar mixture such as Ceresit or Rotband, applied with moldings to the base every 0.3 m, and then leveled in a plane. Lighthouses should be installed vertically in increments of 0.2 m less than the length of the plastering rule.

Before plastering, the walls must be moistened with plenty of water. This is an additional measure to ensure high-quality adhesion of materials.

Wall insulation technology from the inside with warm plaster

Warm plaster is applied to the walls by hand and machine. In the first case, a spatula, trowel, grater and others are used for work. painting tools, in the second - a special mixing pump and a mortar gun.

Manual way of plastering walls

Before starting work, the contents of the entire package of warm plaster must be poured into a suitable container with a volume of 50-100 liters, add water in the amount specified by the manufacturer of the material, and then mix everything using a construction mixer. In this case, you need to know that the working capacity of the finished mixture in time is 2 hours.

It is not difficult to check the required consistency of the mixture. To do this, you need to scoop up a little mortar with a trowel and tilt the tool strongly. If the plaster does not fall off from its surface, it means that it has acquired plasticity and is ready for use. Its consumption with a layer of 25 mm will be 10-14 kg / m 2 of the dry mixture, with its thickness of 50 mm - 18-25 kg / m 2, respectively.

The insulating mixture should be manually applied to the walls in layers, the thickness of each layer should not exceed 20 mm in order to avoid the mortar from sliding off the surface under the influence of its own weight.

Each next layer of plaster should be applied no earlier than 4 hours after laying the previous one. Drying time of the coating may increase with high humidity and low air temperatures, for example, in autumn.

The working mixture should be applied to the primed wall surface from bottom to top using a wide spatula, lighthouse profiles and a rule. The process of applying warm plaster without beacons and the quality of the resulting coating must be controlled using a 2 m long strip, a plumb line and a hydraulic level. The flat plane of the plaster coating can be checked by attaching a two-meter rail to it with an edge, as a rule, there should be no gaps between the tool and the wall. Small deviations are allowed finished coating from the horizontal or vertical no more than 3 mm per 1 running meter.

The removal of the lighthouse profiles from the coating should be done 4-6 hours after the completion of the main work. The vacated cavities must be repaired with a plaster mixture and leveled with a trowel.

It is recommended to check and accept works for delamination, curvature and cracking of the coating no earlier than 3-4 weeks after the completion of the plastering of the walls.

Mechanized method of plastering walls

To apply a warm plaster coating by a mechanized method, it is necessary to first prepare the mixing pump for operation, and then pour the dry mixture into the machine's hopper. After that, in accordance with the desired consistency of the mixture, you should adjust the dosage of water by the pump. It should be about 500 l / h. Its exact value depends on the temperature in the house and the material of its walls.

After preparing and turning on the pump, the mortar gun, when distributing the mixture over the wall surface, must be held at a distance of 30 cm and perpendicular to it. The thickness of the plaster layer during application can be easily adjusted by the speed of movement of the mortar gun. The smaller it is, the more powerful the layer and vice versa.

Surface treatment must be carried out with top corner down and then left to right, forming 0.7 m wide jaws. The reciprocating motion of the pistol should be such that the center of the spray mixture is located on the lower edge of the already applied plaster. The previous and subsequent grapples should be overlapped on the left side by 10 cm.

As in the previous case, the plastered surface must be leveled according to the rule, and after the mixture has dried, remove the lighthouse profiles and fill the empty channels with mortar.

After the end of the plaster spraying, the solution supply should be stopped by closing the air valve on the gun. Flush pump, hoses, gun and tools immediately with water.

Important! The plaster mixture should not remain static for more than 15 minutes while in the pump or hose.

Finishing layer device

As mentioned above, in finishing needs wall insulation with warm plaster made on the basis of foam granules. Before applying the finishing coat, the trowel and the container intended for preparing the working mixture in it must be cleaned of all foreign particles that could disturb the appearance coating when processing it.

The top coat should be applied to obtain a uniform and presentable wall surface. Its thickness usually does not exceed 5 mm. After the finishing coat has been applied, it should be trowelled using a 300 mm metal or plastic trowel.

How to insulate walls with warm plaster - watch the video:

Summing up, we can conclude: warm plaster is a good alternative to other thermal insulation materials. It is especially effective for double-sided wall insulation. At the same time, outside the building additionally receives beautiful finish and environmentally friendly and reliable insulation from the inside.

Until recently, the concept of "warm plaster" caused bewilderment on the faces of people who were looking for finishing materials to renovate their apartment or the exterior walls of the house.

Today, using warm plaster mix successfully carry out external and interior decoration residential and office buildings.

Warm plaster for interior work is produced in two main directions: to create a preparatory and finishing layer.

In both cases, the finishing material has high strength and thermal insulation properties.

Warm plaster components

It includes:

• fillers - substances that provide vapor permeability to the plaster layer;
• plasticizers - they endow the finishing material with high elastic properties;
• water repellents - these components provide resistance to moisture.

White Portland cement or ordinary lime with the addition of gypsum is used as a binder.

Warm plaster is distinguished by fillers, which give the material thermal insulation characteristics.

At the moment, two types of warm finishes have become widespread: with organic and mineral components.

Expanded polystyrene can act as an organic additive. It is used in the form of granules foamed during production.

Because given type Since the organic filler is notable for its low strength, the plasters, in which it is part, are covered with a protective finish.

Mineral components are subdivided into types. Substances of one group are natural materials with a porous structure of volcanic origin (expanded perlite, vermiculite).

Other elements are fractional hollow grains of the foam glass type. They give the plastered surface high level mechanical strength.

Advantage of using warm plaster

Warm plaster, due to the universal properties obtained during the production, can be used for interior and exterior walls of buildings.

In addition to high thermal insulation performance, the finishing material is endowed with:

• Light weight - unlike standard plaster, after the screed has set, its specific weight can be from 240 to 360 kg / m3;
• The solidity of the layer - it excludes the appearance of temperature bridges, flaking and shedding of the finishing surface;
• Good adhesion - due to the high level of adhesion, the warm plaster is suitable for almost all substrates. If it is necessary to apply a layer with a thickness of about 5 cm, it becomes necessary to use a primer and reinforcing fiberglass;
• The possibility of restoration - plaster layer easily restored as a result of any mechanical damage;
• Ease of use - there is no need to use specialized equipment. When performing work, it is enough standard set tools: spatula, floats and trowels;
• Safety - warm plaster belongs to environmentally friendly finishing materials, due to which it is used not only for plastering facade surfaces (warm facade plaster), but also interior walls living quarters. This fact applies to certified mixtures;
• Finishing layer - plaster perfectly acts as a decorative topcoat for both the external and internal surfaces of the building. Due to the additional use of a coloring vapor-permeable substance, the mixtures acquire the necessary color.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

Do-it-yourself warm plaster is easy to make, since everything necessary materials is in the construction market.

As mentioned above, the components of the warm plaster mix are porous materials, a plasticizer and ordinary cement.

Due to the porous components, warm plaster performs insulating functions and is endowed with vapor-permeable properties, and therefore the ability to breathe.

Mold and fungus do not settle on vapor-permeable materials, since there is no source of their occurrence - dampness.

Thanks to the use of plasticizers, the cement binder-based composition obtains good plasticity and adhesion characteristics with the carrier base.

That is why heat-insulating plasters have characteristics that allow them to be applied to wood, concrete, brick and even ceramic surfaces.

Warm plaster is made using the following technology:

• one part of M500 cement;
• four parts of perlite or vermiculite grains;
• water (add until the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained);
• plasticizer (replace PVA with glue, take with the calculation of 50 grams per bucket of cement).

Step-by-step instructions for making a solution:

• plasticizer or PVA glue is diluted in water;
• mix the cement with granules thoroughly;
• water is poured into the dry mixture, kneaded until plasticity is obtained.

After 15 minutes, when the composition has settled, it is the turn of work to apply warm plaster to the prepared surface.

Home-made plaster is much cheaper. This is especially noticeable when comparing it with mixtures of well-known companies, for example, Knauf.

It is also worth noting here that heat-insulating plaster cannot be used as the main insulation material, but nevertheless, it will be able to keep some of the heat in the room.

Knauf plaster for building facades

Using warm plaster "Grünband" by "Knauf" for finishing the facades of buildings, you can save on insulation materials, but you will have to spend money on a surface decorative finish.

As a decoration, various finishing putties, polyurethane panels or vapor-permeable paints are used.

Preparation of the mortar does not take much time, but it requires the use of a construction mixer.

This is a necessity, because it is quite difficult to manually thoroughly mix 30 kg of dry mixture with water until the desired consistency is obtained.

The set includes:

• building level and rule;
• trowel, metal spatula and float.

Facade plaster "Knauf" is applied only to the prepared surface, due to which it is laid in an even layer.

In the process of preparatory work, old exfoliated finish, dirt and dust are removed from the base.

The detected small chips and cracks can be left without putty, since all defects will be hidden by the finishing material.

Then, the outer walls are primed, which will act as additional protection facade decoration from moisture penetration. The primer is applied to a dry surface.

If, in the plans, another type of insulation is laid under the plaster layer, for example, polyurethane foam, then you should not worry about how the plaster will lie and whether the plaster will firmly adhere to it.

Due to the special fiberglass reinforced mesh, which is overlapped on the insulated outer walls of the building, the plaster mixture can be applied in the same way as on a concrete or brick base.

It is also worth mentioning here some of the features of the work carried out using the Knauf plaster mixture:

• The thickness of the applied layer of thermal insulation facade plaster can be about 20 mm, but no more, as the mixture will begin to slide off the working surface. It is distributed according to the rule along the plane of the wall. If it is necessary to plaster the walls with a thicker layer, for example, 30 mm, the process of the work carried out is divided into several stages. At the first stage, one layer of Knauf solution is applied; on the second - on the first layer, the mesh is reinforced; at the final stage - a second layer of plaster is laid, but only after the first has dried;
• After the plaster mixture has begun to set, its surface is slightly moistened with water and rubbed with a float.

The facade, treated with warm plaster, is faced with any decorative material you like to create an outwardly attractive appearance.

The main thing is that it meets the requirements that allow the facade to retain its unchanged appearance.

Knauf gypsum plaster for interior decoration

Dry warm mixes made on the basis of gypsum by Knauf are successfully used for leveling the interior walls of a room.

Today you can find gypsum compositions intended for both machine and manual use.

The first can be used for manual work, but vice versa is not recommended. Otherwise, the breakdown of expensive equipment is not excluded.

Is applied gypsum plaster"Knauf" on a previously cleaned and primed base.

If you have to plaster walls made of brickwork or cellular concrete, then the composition "Grund" by "Knauf" or "Grundirmittel" is used as a primer.

These compounds are endowed with the ability to penetrate into the base layer and, subsequently, become a barrier to moisture contained in the plaster. Dry both types of primer on the surface within six hours.

When applying plaster on smooth concrete or surfaces insulated with extruded polystyrene foam, use the "Betonokontakt" primer.

This composition forms a roughness on the bearing smooth wall, which further allows the base and plaster layer to provide a high level of adhesion.

It takes at least a day to dry the primer.

The application of warm plaster is carried out according to beacons, which are pre-installed using a level and perforated profiles.

Correct angles can be achieved by mounting corner profiles into the plane marked by beacons.

When making a warm plaster mixture, observe the dosage indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions. During plastering works use a metal spatula.

With this tool, the solution is thrown onto the surface of the wall from the bottom up. The thickness of the layer to be laid should be no more than 2.5 cm, otherwise the mixture will gradually begin to slide down.

Then, using a rule or a metal trowel with a rubber work surface, evenly distribute plaster mortar on the wall.

In order to achieve ideal smoothness and evenness of the surface, upon completion of the work, the slightly seized screed is additionally smoothed with a float, previously moistened in water.

It takes about three days to completely dry warm plaster, after which you can proceed to fine finish interior walls.

Here it is worth clarifying: the level of high strength the plaster layer will reach only after 28 days, and the maximum thermal insulation index - after two months.

Warm plaster is offered for sale as insulation. But construction experts do not consider this material as a possible alternative to heaters for thermal insulation of buildings. And only in some cases is it recommended for use. Why? Is it necessary to carry out insulation with a heat-insulating plaster layer? How to apply correctly?

What is the difference between warm plaster

The answer why warm plaster cannot compete with insulation in conventional insulation technologies lies on the surface. Its thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.065 - 0.12 W / mK, while for conventional heaters it is 0.033 -0.04 W / mK. Those. almost 2 times.

To achieve the effect that is obtained from the use of conventional heaters, the layer of warm plaster should be 2 times thicker. If for the facade the usual expedient layer of insulation is 10 cm of polystyrene, then only 20 cm of plaster can replace it.

But such a layer is impossible - too heavy, threatens with collapse and danger. With insulating plaster, it is simply very problematic to even achieve the values ​​of heat transfer resistance prescribed in SNiP. This prevents this material from being reliably registered in those. documentation.

Not profitable

In addition, the cost of warm plaster is 2-3 times higher than that of insulation of the same volume. As a result, we get a 4 (!) Times loss in terms of money investments in comparison with “conventional methods” for heat saving $ / W. There is no economic feasibility of making direct thermal insulation with the material in question.

It should also be borne in mind that heat-saving plaster is not finishing material... Its surface, as well as insulation, must also be covered with a final finishing layer.

Varieties

To decide on the choice of warm plaster, you need to take a closer look at its composition and characteristics.

Plaster becomes heat-saving due to the presence in the composition of granules, particles of insulation. Most often, the same foam is used in the composition sand-cement mixture with plasticizers and bonding additives.

Another common base for warm plaster is expanded vermiculite and / or perlite.

Plasters based on these materials have similar properties in terms of thermal conductivity, but vermiculite plasters are distinguished by high water absorption, therefore, they require protection from water ingress, they are not used in basements, on the foundation ....

There are also mixtures based on sawdust and cellulose. They have less cost, but the thermal conductivity is much higher, and the specific gravity is higher.

To choose warm plaster, you must first determine the places where it is possible to use. Let's take a closer look.
Let's consider in order the advertising statements of manufacturers about the purpose of warm plaster.

The wall remains single layer

Insulation of facades, walls, ceilings. First of all, walls are made of large-format blocks - aerated concrete or porous ceramics. The increase in the thickness of the masonry of these materials entails a significant increase in cost, and not only the walls, the requirements for the foundation are increasing. Heat-saving plaster will help to bring the resistance to heat transfer of a wall from warm blocks to the requirements of standards.

Most importantly, the wall will remain single-layer - only the bearing layer of the blocks. A single-layer wall has very significant advantages over multi-layer, with a layer of insulation, primarily in terms of durability.

Leveling of surfaces and thermal insulation of pipelines.

In fact, the same thing - both pipelines and walls need to be insulated to the maximum. Typically, pipelines are insulated with an extruded polystyrene sheath with the best effect. But sometimes it is required to warm up the already laid pipes, and it is usually easier to do this only with warm plaster.

Warm plaster can be applied in a layer of considerable thickness, and therefore very uneven surfaces can be leveled with it.

A significant layer can be placed where it is difficult to insulate heat - in hard-to-reach places, closed cavities ...

Characteristics

Typical characteristics for warm polystyrene-based plaster:
Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.7 W / mK.
Flammability group - G1.
Specific gravity - 200 - 350 kg / m3
Water absorption - 70%.
Cost - from $ 30 / sq. M.

Why you can use insulating plaster

Warm plaster should be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. But this does not mean that it will work out. the best solution in terms of insulation.

A specialist should make a decision on wall insulation (additional insulation) with warm plaster, or such a decision should be in the project documentation.

Also, warm plaster can be suitable for sealing any cracks, hard-to-reach places, joints of structures, where the "adaptation" of the insulation is the most problematic, and a snug fit does not work.

On the wall from both sides - weighty additional insulation

The possibility of applying warm plaster on both sides - from the outside and from the inside - may also be considered. In this case, a very significant insulating effect can be obtained, for example, on a wall made of porous ceramics. From the inside, it is recommended to use plaster without expanded polystyrene, the environmental friendliness of which is questionable.

For such a material as warm plaster, at its significant cost, there are also places of application where it will be optimal and expedient. First of all, this is an increase in the resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures made of heavy and light materials, while maintaining a single layer.
Also, insulation with warm plaster will save heat, where it would seem that heat loss is inevitable ...

Video - application process

How warm plaster is applied can be seen in the film